Mbalame yonyada komanso yolimba mtima tsopano ndi chizindikiro kwa anthu a mayiko ambiri. Chithunzi cha chiwombankhanga chimatha kuwoneka m'manja ndi mbendera.

Chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame yolusa ya banja la chinsomba, mbalame yowopsa kwambiri kuyambira pagulu la mbalame.

Wingspan chiwombankhanga mkati mwa mamita 2-2,5. Pa kuthawa iye amakula liwiro 150-200 km. pa ola limodzi, komanso nthawi yakudya pansi pa 300 km. pa ola limodzi. Mphungu imawululuka kutalika mpaka makilomita 10.

Mphungu ili ndi njira yapadera yowonera. Ndemanga zowunikira ukufika pafupifupi madigiri 300. Wofunsa amawona kuchokera kumwamba 3-4 km., Ndipo malo owonera mtunda wa 10 km. ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, maso a chiwombankhanga ali zaka mazana awiri , imodzi, yowonekera, imateteza kumphepo, yachiwiri, wandiweyani, imatseka nthawi yogona mbalame.

Mphungu okhulupilika kwa osankhidwa awo mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo. Moyo wabanja - chiwombankhanga chimapereka chakudya, chiwombankhanga chikugwira ntchito polera ana.

Ziwombankhanga za anapiye awo zimaleredwa mwapadera . Anapiyewo akakula amayamba kupanga, kwenikweni, malo ovuta, pang'onopang'ono kutaya zinyalala zofewa kuchokera ku chisa (fluff, nthenga, udzu wouma wofewa). Zimakhala zopanda chisa mu chisa ndipo anapiye amayesa kutuluka m'chisa ndikuphunzira kuuluka. Izi zikapanda kuchitika, anapiye ndi aulesi, amangowatulutsa m'chisa. Ngati mukufuna, mukufuna kuuluka. Zachidziwikire, makolo amakondweretsa anapiye!

Palinso chinthu china chosangalatsa mu mtundu ndi chikhalidwe cha chiwombankhanga. . Ndi m'badwo, chiwombankhanga chimavala zolakwika ndi milomo. Nthenga zimatha. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo, chiwombankhanga chimawulukira m'mapiri, ndikofunikira kuti kukhale kasupe wamadzi. Poyamba, akamponya ndi miyala ndi mlomo wake, amang'amba. Mlomowo utakhazikika ndi kulimba, umaphulika nsapato zake. Ndipo nthenga zonse zachikale zimang'ambidwa kwathunthu ndi zokulirapo, zolimbitsa zolimba ndi mulomo. Ndipo nthenga zatsopano zitakula, amatha kuuluka ndikusaka'nso. Nthawi yonseyi, mbalame siziidya. Chifukwa chokha chifukwa cha Spartan, njira yoopsya yomwe chiwombankhanga chimatha kubadwanso!

Mawonekedwe a chiwombankhanga

Pafupifupi anthu onse a mbalamezi ndiosawoneka bwino, kupatula mitundu yaing'ono (chiwombankhanga chachitali ndi chiwombankhanga cha steppe). Kuchuluka kwa chiwombankhanga chokulirapo kumachokera pa kilogalamu 3 mpaka 5. Mapiko a chiwombankhanga amafikira mamita awiri m'litali. Mphungu zazikazi zimakhala ndi zazikulu kuposa zazimuna (pafupifupi 25-30%).

Chiwombankhanga cha Kaffir (Aquila verreauxii).

Oimira amtunduwu amakhala ndi minofu yolukidwa bwino, nsapato zamphamvu komanso mdomo wokhala ndi mawonekedwe opindika kumapeto. Chiwombankhanga chimakhala ndi khosi lolimba, miyendo yayitali. Kapangidwe ka chiwombankhanga kuli ngati kuti kwapangidwa mwachilengedwe kutipatsa mwayi wokhala olusa osadalirana.

Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga imagawika m'magulu awiri: momveka bwino komanso osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, chiwombankhanga chankhondo, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi chiwombankhanga ndi chiwombankhanga chakuda ndi pansi loyera, ndipo chiwombankhanga chimapakidwa utoto ndi mitundu yosiyana ya mthunzi. Mitundu ina ya chiwombankhanga imakhala ndi zokongoletsera pamitu yawo m'njira yokhala mtolo wokhala ndi nthenga zazitali (zisa za chiwombankhanga ndi chiwombankhanga cha ku Africa).

Comb chiwombankhanga (Lophaetus occipitalis).

Mwa anthu, aliyense amadziwa za chiwonetsero cha chiwombankhanga chodabwitsa, kuthekera kwake kuwona nyama, ngakhale kukhala kutali nayo.

Kodi chiwombankhanga chimakhala kuti?

Mbalamezi ndizofala kwambiri. Kuchulukana kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chiwombankhanga kupezeka ku North America, Eurasia ndi Africa. Wedge-taised chiwombankhanga - mitundu yosiyana yomwe imakhala ku Australia ndi zilumba zazikulu zapafupi.

Steppe Eagle (Aquila rapax) pachisa.

Chiwombankhanga chimakonda kukhazikika m'malo otentha komanso otentha. Amamva bwino m'mapululu, mapiri, malo opanda mapiri komanso mapiri opanda kanthu.

Khalidwe la chiwombankhanga

Zinyama zokhala ndi mbewa izi zimakhala m'magulu awiriawiri. Kuti apeze nyama, ziwombankhanga zimatha kuwuluka kwa maola ambiri m'mlengalenga, nthawi zina zimafunafuna wozunzika pansi kapena m'mlengalenga. Chiwombankhanga chikalowa m'malo mwa nyama yake, chimagwera pansi mwachangu, ndikuyendetsa miyendo yake patsogolo, ndikukumba m'manja mwake ndi zibangiri zolimba ndikuyiyimba ndi mphamvu yake yonse mothandizidwa ndi mulomo wake.

Paw ya chiwombankhanga chovekedwa (Stephanoaetus coronatus).

Nthawi zambiri nyama za chiwombankhanga ndizinyama, monga: mbawala, nkhandwe, mimbulu, mbira, mbawala. Kufunafuna "mitengo" yaying'ono sikovuta konse kwa chiwombankhanga, nthawi zambiri, akatswiri, agulu, agogo, nyani ndi mbalame zazing'ono zimagwera patebulo yake. Mukasaka kwa nthawi yayitali, chiwombankhanga chimatha kukhala chosasaka.

Atagwira nyama, chiwombankhanga chimayesetsa kudya komweko - kumalo ophera. Pokhapokha ngati kuli kofunikira kudyetsa anapiye, nyama yomwe imadya imapezanso chakufa kwa ana ake. Pambuyo pachakudya chamtima wonse, ziwombankhanga zimamwa madzi ambiri ndikuyeretsa nthenga zawo mosamala.

Chiwombankhanga chopanda chija chimaba nyama ndi mphoyo yaikazi.

Kubala mphungu

Wamkazi amaikira mazira kamodzi pachaka. Chiwombankhanga chimamanga zisa zawo kumtunda kwambiri, pafupi kwambiri nsonga za mitengo, kapena m'mphepete mwa miyala. Nthawi zambiri, nyama zodyerazi nthawi zambiri zimagwidwa ndikugwira namphawi ndikuchotsa zisa kuchokera kwa mbalame zina (akhwangwala, agogo, abodza).

Ana aang'ono opanduka.

Kuyika kwa chiwombankhanga kumakhala ndi mazira 1 mpaka 3. Makulitsidwe kumatenga masiku 35 mpaka 45. Ngakhale kuti zimakonda kukhala zadyera, ziwombankhanga ndi makolo osamala komanso odekha, koma zomwezo sizingafanane ndi anapiye. Popeza alibe nthawi yoti azikoloweka dzira, amayamba kugawana chakudya, nthawi zambiri mpaka kumenya nkhondo!

Chiwombankhanga chimatha kutha zaka 4 mpaka 5. Mwachilengedwe, mbalame zamtunduwu zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 30, koma mitundu ikuluikulu imatha kukhala mpaka 50.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Mphungu: Kufotokozera

Chiwombankhanga, ngati mbalame yolusa, chimadziwika kwa anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Malingaliro monga kutchuka, kulemera, kupambana, ndi mphamvu zimalumikizidwa ndi mbalameyi. Ndiye chifukwa chake m'manja mwa mayiko ambiri mutha kuwona mbalame yokongola'yi. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri ya chiwombankhanga chomwe chimasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina imadzitama kuti kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi pafupifupi mita imodzi. Monga lamulo, zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna. Kulemera kwa akuluakulu kumachokera ku kilogalamu 3 mpaka 7. Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga monga chiwombankhanga cha chiwombankhanga ndi chiwombankhanga chokulirapo chimadziwikiridwa ngati oyimira ochepa kwambiri a banja lino.

Mawonekedwe

Oyimira banja lino amakhala ndi thupi lalikulu komanso lokhazikika. Ali ndi miyendo yolimba komanso yayitali, yokhala ndi zuluzi kuzala zawo zomwe zili ngati "thalauza". Pankhaniyi, mutu ndiwofanana kwambiri, khosi limakhala lolimba komanso lamphamvu. Ma eyeb ndi akulu, koma samasiyana mosunthika, ngakhale munthawi yomweyo, kayendedwe ka khosi ndichoti chiwonetserocho sichikhala ndi vuto, loipa pa ntchito yofunika ya mbalame yakudya.

Chiwombankhanga chimakhalanso ndi nsapato zolimba, komanso mulomo. Mlomowo uli ndi mathero opindika, omwe amatsimikizira kuti mbalamezi zimakonda kudya ngati mbalame. Zovala ndi mulomo zimadziwika chifukwa zimamera moyo wonse, koma mawonekedwe a moyo wa ziwombankhazi amatsogolera kuti amapera mwachilengedwe. Banja ili lili ndi mapiko olimba, aatali komanso otambalala, okhala ndi maula opangidwa bwino. Kuchulukitsa kwawo kumatha kufika mamita awiri ndi theka. Makhalidwe abwinobwino oterowo amalola kuti nyamayi ikhale mlengalenga kwa nthawi yayitali, pamalo okwera pafupifupi mamitala 800, ndipo mwinanso kupitirira pamenepo.

Chosangalatsa kudziwa! Chiwombankhanga chimatha kuthana ndi mafunde amtundu uliwonse mwamphamvu. Nthawi imodzimodzi, amatha kugwirira nyama yawo mwachangu mpaka 300 km / h.

Chiwombankhanga chimakhala ndi maso owoneka bwino kwambiri, motero zimatha kuyang'anira nyama zazing'ono kuchokera kutalika kwamamita 500, mawonekedwe abuluzi, makoswe, njoka, ndi zina zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe owonekera kumalola mbalame yodyera kuti izitha kuyang'anira mawilimita 12 a ndege. Kumva ziwombankhanga sikamakulitsidwa kwenikweni monga masomphenya, ndipo malingaliro amfungo nthawi zambiri amakhala ofooka.

Mtundu wa ma plumage umatengera mtundu wa banja ili, chifukwa chake limadziwika kuti ndi loyipa, komanso pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso. Chiwombankhanga chimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa kuthawa, momwe zimayendera ndi momwe zimapangitsira osowa, koma mapiko akuya komanso amphamvu.

Zochita ndi moyo

Chiwombankhanga chikuyimira banja la mbalame zoyamwitsa, m'mene zimasankhira awiriawiri moyo wake, chifukwa chake zimakhala awiriawiri. Chodabwitsa kwambiri chosaka mphungu ndikuti zimayenda mozungulira maola angapo m'mlengalenga, kufunafuna nyama yomwe ingagwere pansi. Nthawi yomweyo, chiwombankhanga sichimangodziyang'anira chokha china, komanso kuwunika zomwe zikuchitika mozungulira iwo. Mphungu sizimasaka tsiku ndi tsiku komanso mosalekeza, chifukwa zimatha kusunga chakudya m'matumba awo kwa masiku angapo.

Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Kutengera ndi kafukufuku wokwanira omwe akatswiri achijeremani adachita pamlingo wa mamolekyulu, zidapezeka kuti ziwombankhanga za Akula ndi makolo a mitundu yonse ya chiwombankhanga.

Poyerekeza ndi chiwombankhanga, munthawi yathu ino, kufufuza komwe kukuchitika komwe kukufotokoza mitundu yonse ya taxa, yomwe imalumikizidwa ndi chisankho chakanthawi chogwirizanitsa onse taxa kulowa m'gulu la "Akuila" Mwachitsanzo:

Eagles Hawk (Aquila Fasciata)

Ziwombankhanga za Hawk, zomwe zimakhala ndi mapiko pafupifupi kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 50, ndi mbalame yonse yazinyama pafupifupi masentimita 70. Kulemera kwawo kuli kwinakwake pafupifupi 2 kilogalamu. Mbalame zimasiyana mumtambo wakuda bii kumaso, mtundu waimvi, ndi kupezeka kwa mawonekedwe amdima omwe amapezeka paliponse. Dera lam'mimba limakhala ndi zotupa zowoneka bwino, zotsika kapena zoyera, zokhala ndi maulendo ataliitali, komanso mikwingwirima yakuda pamitundu yambiri, kuphatikiza m'chigawo cha miyendo ndi chovala chaching'ono. Akazi amtunduwu, poyerekeza ndi amuna, ndi okulirapo.

Chiwombankhanga chowala (Aquila renata)

Zomwe kukula kwake ndi kuchuluka kwa matupi awo kumakumbutsira sizikulu zazikulu, pomwe chiwonetsero cha chiwombankhanga chikuwonekera bwino mdulidwe. Kutalika kwa nyama yolusa ndi pafupifupi masentimita 50 pafupifupi ndipo kulemera kwakukulu kuli pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi. Mapiko a anthu akuluakulu amakhala pafupifupi mita 1.2. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi mtundu wofanana. M'mtundu wa nyama zodyerazi, mulomo umakhala wolimba kwambiri, koma waufupi. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wamdima kapena wopepuka, ngakhale zosankha zamtundu wowala ndizochulukirapo.

Ziwombankhanga za ku India (Aquila kieneri)

Zomwe sizosiyana pamiyeso yayikulu, kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi masentimita 52 ndi mapiko mkati mwa mita imodzi kapena kupitilira apo. Mchira wamtunduwu wa chiwombankhanga uli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira kumapeto kwa mchira. Thupi lakumwambalo limakhala ndi utoto wakuda, ndipo chibwano, khosi ndi goiter zimakhala pafupifupi zoyera. Thupi lakumunsi, komanso miyendo, imakhala ndimawonekedwe ofiira, okhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.

Golden Eagles (Akula chrysaetos)

Omwe amaonedwa ngati oyimira mamembala akulu komanso olimba kwambiri amtundu wokhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi amafikira pafupifupi mita imodzi ndi mapiko ofikira mpaka mita 2 ndi theka. Zachikazi zamtunduwu ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna ndipo zimatha kulemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 7. Chiwombankhanga chagolide chimakhala ndi mlomo wamba wa chiwombankhanga, chopindika pambuyo pake komanso chokwezeka. Pansi pa mulomo umatha ngati mbedza.

Eagles Mwala (Aquila rapax)

Kukula kutalika mpaka 65 cm pafupifupi. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo salemera makilogalamu awiri ndi theka, ndipo mapiko awo sapitali mita 1.8. Mitundu ina ya chiwombankhanga chamiyala imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maula, kutengera zaka, mawonekedwe amtundu wina, komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya maula.

Steppe Eagles (Aquila nipalensis)

Ndi kutalika kwa thupi osapitirira 86 masentimita ndi kulemera kwapakati kwa dongosolo la 3 ndi theka kilogalamu kapena pang'ono. Mapiko a nyama yolusa imeneyi amafika pafupifupi masentimita 225. Anthu akuluakulu amadziwika ndi mtundu wa bulauni wakuda, wokhala ndi malo ofiira kumbuyo kwa mutu, komanso nthenga zoyambirira zojambulidwa zakuda ndi zofiirira. Nthenga zowongolera zimasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wakuda wakuda, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yotuwa yaimvi.

Wedge Tailed Eagles (Akula audax)

Zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizambiri m'njira zawo, popeza zimakhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi mita imodzi, ndipo mapiko awo ali mkati mwa 2 mita kapena pang'ono kupitilira. Akazi ndi okulirapo poyerekeza ndi amuna ndipo amatha kulemera ma kilogalamu 5 onse.

Mitundu yazakale zakale ya chiwombankhanga ndi Religioniocene (Aquila kurochkini). Kukula kwake kwapakati kumafanana ndi chiwombankhanga chamakono pamlingo wa morphology.

Malo okhala zachilengedwe

Malo okhala ziwombankhanga ndizochulukirapo, ndipo mtundu uliwonse wamtunduwu udadzisankhira madera akeawo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti pali gawo limodzi: malo awa amapezeka kutali ndi munthu komanso moyo wake. Mwakutero, chiwombankhanga chimapezeka nthawi zambiri m'malo ammapiri kapena m'malo opanda mapiri.

Ngati mutenga chiwombankhanga chagolide, amakhala m'gawo la dziko lathu, kuyambira ku North Caucasus ndikumathera ndi madera akumwera kwa Primorye. Chifukwa cha chisa chawo, nkhalango zosavomerezeka zimasankhidwa. Chiwombankhanga chagolide wokhala ndi tchire tating'ono, tomwe timatchedwa kuti chiwombankhanga chagolide, timakonda kukhala malo okhala m'nkhalango ku New Guinea. Chiwombankhanga cha steppe chimakhala m'malo a steppe, komanso madera ena achipululu omwe ali pakati pa Transbaikalia ndi gombe la Nyanja Yakuda.

Mphungu za manda zakhala zikupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo opezeka nkhalango ku Ukraine, kumapiri a Kazakhstan, m'nkhalango za Czech Republic, Romania ndi Spain. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yofananira ya chiwombankhanga imakhala ku Iran ndi China, Slovakia ndi Hungary, Germany ndi Greece, komanso mayiko ena aku Europe.

Mayiko ambiri amatulutsa chiwombankhanga chagolide, kenako amazigwiritsa ntchito posaka ngati mbalame zosaka.

Chakudya

Zakudya za chiwombankhanga ndizochulukirapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera kuchinyama, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazikulu, ngakhale zambiri zakudya izi ndizochepa kakulidwe, agologolo pansi, mbalame ndi mbalame. Ngati chiwombankhanga chimafa ndi njala kwanthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti amatha kudya zovalazo, zomwe azipeza kumtunda kapena m'madzi.

Zosangalatsa! Pali umboni wotsimikizika woti nyama zodya nyama zodya nyama zambiri zimadyanso nyama zambiri, kuphatikiza zakumiyendo zakuda, nkhuku zoweta ndi zakuthengo, malo otetemera ndi malo obiriwira, nkhunda zobiriwira komanso zoweta, ankhandwe wamba komanso agologolo.

Pakasaka bwino, ziwombankhanga zimadya chakudya chawo nthawi yomweyo kapena zimadyetsa anapiye. Mitundu ina ya chiwombankhanga imadyera njoka zapoizoni. Ikatha kudya, chiwombankhanga chimachiwiritsa ndi madzi ambiri ndikuyamba kukonza maula ake.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Chiwombankhanga chimadziwika chifukwa chakuti chimatha kutha msinkhu pofika zaka 5 zokha za moyo wawo. Kutengera mtundu wa nyama zolusa, zisa za chiwombankhanga zimatha kupezeka pachitsamba kapena mitengo, komanso pamiyala, yayitali m'mapiri. Awiri achimuna ndi achimuna akuchita nawo ntchito yomanga chisa, ngakhale akukhulupirira kuti zazikazi zimabzala ntchito zambiri, zaluso ndi chisamaliro. Pambuyo pomanga chisa, ngati chikhala chodalirika, chiwombankhanga chitha kuchigwiritsa ntchito kwazaka zambiri.

Pali nthawi zina pamene chiwombankhanga chimagwira zisa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mbalame zazikulu, monga falcon kapena khungubwi, kumene, ngati zisa izi zimagwirizana ndi chiwombankhanga pakukula kwawo. Yaikaziyo imayikira mazira kamodzi pachaka, pomwe chiwerengero chawo sichichulukana katatu. Kukhomera mazira sikusiyana ndi kuswa mazira ndi mbalame zina.Pambuyo pobadwa, munthu amatha kumvetsetsa kale kuchokera ku anapiye kuti mbalame zimatha kukhala zovuta kuzimenya zina. Zotsatira zake, zowawa mkati mwa chisa nthawi zambiri zimapha anthu ofooka. Amatha kuponyedwa kunja kwa chisa kapena kulandira milomo yakufa.

Mfundo yofunika! Masewera olumikizana a chiwombankhanga ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pamene akudutsa pamlengalenga. Onsewa akuwonetsa kuthekera kwawo konse, kuthamangitsa wina ndi mnzake ndikuchita ma aerobatics ovuta kwambiri.

Mphungu za m'manda zimawerengedwa kuti ndi makolo abwino kwambiri, chifukwa zimatchingira mazira. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka, mwana amabadwa, ndipo patatha miyezi itatu, makolo amaphunzitsa ana awo zoyambira kuthawa. Popeza amaphunzitsidwa bwino kwambiri kuthawa, amasamukira nthawi yozizira.

Ziwombankhanga za steppe pankhaniyi ndizosangalatsanso chifukwa zisa zawo zimakhala pansi. Zachikazi zimamatira mazira, ndipo yamphongo imadyetsa theka lake lachiwiri nthawi yonseyi. Makolo onsewa nawonso amatenga nawo mbali polera ndi kuphunzitsa kwa ana. Ana a chiwombankhanga podzifunafuna okwatirana, amakula mtunda wawutali. Atapeza peyala, amadzipangira okha chisa ndikuyamba kukhala moyo wopanda.

Adani achilengedwe a chiwombankhanga

Komabe, chiwombankhanga, ngakhale kuti palibe adani achilengedwe, chikuyimira kulumikizidwa kwachilengedwe m'chilengedwe. Monga lamulo, chiwombankhanga nthawi zambiri chimafa pomenya nkhondo ndi nyama zolusa zowopsa, komanso nkhandwe wamba.

Koma siliri vuto lalikulu chotere, poyerekeza ndi kusowa kwa chakudya kwa masiku ambiri. Chifukwa chakuti thupi la chiwombankhanga limafuna chakudya chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika, amayenera kupita kusamukira limodzi ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame kupita kumadera otentha kapena mayiko.

Mfundo yofunika! Pakakhala chakudya chokwanira cha chiwombankhanga, chifukwa chake anapiye ambiri amakhala m'zisa zawo, ndipo chakudya chikasowa, monga lamulo, chimodzi chokha, koma anapiye olimba kwambiri amapulumuka.

Zotsatira zakuwunika ndi kafukufuku osiyanasiyana zikusonyeza, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chiwombankhanga chikuchepa ndizachuma cha anthu. Anthu akamakula ndi magawo atsopano a malo, izi zimatsogolera kuti chiwombankhanga chimasowa chakudya. Chowonadi ndi chakuti unyolo ambiri wa chakudya umasamukira kumadera ena kapena kusowa konse. Zotsatira zake, mbalame zambiri zimafa ndi njala. Nthawi zambiri, chiwombankhanga chimafa chifukwa chadzidzidzi zamagetsi pamene amayesera kumanga zisa zawo pazingwe zamagetsi (pamapolopolo).

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Mbalame zina zodya nyama, zomwe zikuyimira banja la "khungubwe" zimateteza "kuchititsa chidwi chochepa kwambiri." Izi zikuphatikiza:

• Chiwombankhanga.
• Chiwombankhanga cha chiwombankhanga.
• Chiwombankhanga chagolide.
• Chiwombankhanga.
• Chiwombankhanga cha Kaffir.
• Mphungu zasiliva.
• Mchira.
• Mitundu yotsatirayi ya mbalame zodya nyama ilandila zolengedwa "Zowopsa Zamoyo":
• Mphungu zamaliro.
• Manda aku Spain.
• Chiwombankhanga chachikulu.

Chiwombankhanga chopondera chinalandira mtundu wa nyama zomwe zatsala pang'ono kutha, komanso mwayi wokhala pafupi ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo, chimakhala ndi chiwombankhanga cha Moluksky. Mbalame zodya nyama ngati chiwombankhanga kakang'ono komanso malo okuikira m'mayiko ena zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira.

Munthu ndi ziwombankhanga

Chithunzi cha chiwombankhanga chili pamalaya a Russia, ngakhale chiwombankhanga chikuyimira gulu losowa kwambiri la mbalame zodya nyama, chifukwa chake zalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira. Mphungu, monga chizindikiro cha nyonga ndi kupirira, zinali pafupi kutha, ngati mitundu komanso zonse chifukwa cha ntchito zachuma za anthu. Kuchepa mosalekeza kwa mbalame za nyama zomwe zimadyedwa kumalumikizidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuba, komanso kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe nthawi zonse.

Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa Red Book, komanso akatswiri, ndizotheka kuyang'anira ndikuwona mitundu yonse yatsopano ya chiwombankhanga yomwe ili pachiwopsezo. Izi zimakuthandizani kuyankha moyenera pamavuto otere, kusintha zinthu kuti zikhale bwino.

Pomaliza

Chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame yapadera, monga momwe tikuwonera pazolemba zambiri. Monga lamulo, akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna, ndipo kusiyana ndikofunikira, koma izi sizitanthauza kuti amuna ndi ochepa kuposa akazi. Zonse zazikazi ndi zazimuna zimatha kukwera mpaka mtunda wa makilomita 7 mpaka 9. Chifukwa chake, sizosadabwitsa kuti zisa za chiwombankhanga nthawi zonse zimakhala pamalo apamwamba kwambiri, mosasamala kanthu komwe malo omwe adaniwa amakhala. Palinso zochititsa chidwi zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ziwombankhanga. Mwachitsanzo, samangokhala ndi maonekedwe okongola, komanso apadera, (kalulu amatha kuwona ndikuzindikira kuchokera kumtunda wa kilomita 3, komanso mafupa omwe amalemera pang'ono kuposa nthenga. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti mbalameyo imatha kukwera mtunda wokwanira. Mphamvu ya chiwombankhanga ndiyopadera, popeza imatha kukweza mbawala zam'mwamba kuthambo, osanenapo za omwe angobadwa kumene .Ichilombo chakumwamba ichi chili ndi mbiri yabwino kwambiri, yomwe chiwombankhanga chimasamalira: ngati nthenga imodzi igwera imodzi mwamapiko, nthenga yomweyo adzataya ndi kuchokera ku mapiko achiwiri.

Mphungu imadziwikanso kuti "mbalame" yachifumu, chifukwa mbiriyakale ndi yolumikizana ndi zaka chikwi zapitazo, monga zikuwonera ndi nthano za anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. M'masiku akale, mbalameyi inali ndi mkhalidwe wa mbalame yam'mlengalenga, yomwe imabweretsa kupambana, komanso mwayi. Aroma adayimira chiwombankhanga ndi namondwe ndipo amakhulupirira kuti ziwombankhanga zimanyamula mphezi ya Jupiteri. Aiguputo ndi achi China adakhulupiriranso kuti ziwombankhanga ndi mbalame za dzuwa zomwe zimabweretsa kuwala kwam'mawa.

Nthawi iliyonse, olamulira aliwonse amafuna kuti akhale ndi chithunzi cha wolamulira wamphamvu, pafupifupi wolamulira wa dziko. Mwakutero, adatenga fano la chiwombankhanga, lomwe limawoneka ngati likuwabweretsa pafupi ndi zolengedwa zakuthambo. Amavala zovala zomwe zimakongoletsedwa ndi nthenga za chiwombankhanga, komanso ndi ziwonetsero zina za chiwombankhanga. Chifukwa chake, pang'onopang'ono fano la aquiline lasintha kupitilira zaka mazana angapo kuchokera ku nthano zakale kukhala chipembedzo cha anthu ambiri padziko lapansi. Mbalameyi idafanizira mawonekedwe a nkhope yaumulungu, onse mu Chihindu ndi Chikristu, kuphatikizanso zipembedzo zina.

Kwa munthu aliyense, mawu oti "chiwombankhanga" amatanthauza kulimba mtima, kunyada, kulimba mtima ndi zina zambiri zabwino. Tsoka ilo, munthu ndiye mdani wamkulu wa chiwombankhanga, chifukwa iye amalowerera mu njira yachilengedwe, adakwaniritsidwa. Ngati cholumikizira chimodzi mwanjira iyi chikukhudzidwa, ndiye kuti chilengedwe chonse chikhoza kusokonekera, popeza kuphwanya kwachangu kwa ntchito za maunyolo ena kudzachitika. Zomwezi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa chiwombankhanga, chifukwa anthu amachotsa zilombozi m'malo azachilengedwe. Ngakhale izi, padali malo padziko lapansi komwe chiwombankhanga chimasungidwa mokwanira.

Moyo pambuyo makumi anayi ukusintha kwambiri

Kuuluka kwa nyama yam'mapikoyi kumakopa anthu ambiri. Koma owerengeka amadziwa kuti akafika zaka pafupifupi 40, moyo wa mbalame umasinthiratu. Izi ndichifukwa choti zopanga zawo zimakhala zazitali kwambiri komanso zofewa. Ziwombankhanga sizingagwire nyama, chifukwa zimatha kukhala zopanda mphamvu.

Zomwezi zimachitikanso ndi mulomo, umapinda ndi ukalamba, ndipo wogwirira sangathenso kudya. Ndipo kuchuluka kwa nthenga pa chifuwa ndi mapiko kumachulukitsa, kumeta kwamadazi, ma aerodynamics kusokonezeka, komwe kumapangitsa kwambiri kuthawa.

Iyi ndi mphindi yofunika kwambiri m'miyoyo ya chiwombankhanga, amayang'anizana ndi chisankho chodziwikiratu. Amangokhala ndi zosankha ziwiri zokha: kufa ndi njala kapena zowawa komanso kusintha pang'onopang'ono komwe kumatha kukhala pafupifupi masiku 150 osachedwa.

Mphamvu ya chiwombankhanga

Chifukwa chake, kuti apulumutse moyo wake, wolamulira wa mbalame amafunika kukwera pamwamba kwambiri, mchisa chake. Mbalame zonyada zimayamba kumenya mulomo pamiyalayo, mpaka imaleka. Pambuyo pamachitidwe opweteka ngati amenewa, zimatenga nthawi kuti mulomo watsopano ukhale - wachinyamata, wathanzi.

Kenako imayamba njirayi yopweteka: kuchotsa zovuta zopanda pake mothandizidwa ndi mulomo wachinyamata. Zikauma zathanzi zikamakula, mbalame imamasulidwa ku nthenga zakale zolemetsa ndi milomo yake komanso mdomo.

Ngati mfumu ya mbalame ikhoza kupirira miyezi isanu yayitali yozunzidwa, idzabadwanso, monga Phoenix, ndipo ikhala mwamtendere zaka zina makumi atatu komanso kupitirira apo.

Mwina muli ndi china chowonjezera, tidzakondwera ngati mutagawana malingaliro anu ndi ndemanga. Mutha kusunga nkhani yomwe mumakonda kapena kugawana nawo podina chimodzi mwa mabataniwo.

Dinani "Monga" ndikupeza zolemba zabwino kwambiri pa Facebook ↓

Moyo wa chiwombankhanga. Mbalame ya chiwombankhanga choyimira: kufotokoza kwa moyo wa chiwombankhanga, kupenya kwamaso, kusaka, zisa ndi mphungu. Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga yokhala ndi zithunzi ndi makanema.

Chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame yolusa ya banja la chinsomba. Zili mwa kuchuluka kwa mbalame zazikulu. Kutalika kwa thupi la mbalame wamkulu kumasiyana kuchokera pa 73 mpaka 89 cm, mapiko aatali mpaka 2,5 m mulifupi, mchira wamfupi ndi miyendo yolimba. Mlomo wawukulu ndi zibwano zakuthwa ndizo zida zazikulu za nyama yolusa imeneyi.

Mphungu ndi mbalame wamba. Amatha kupezeka munkhalango, tundra, mapiri komanso ngakhale zipululu za Eurasia, North America ndi Africa. Amatha kumanga zisa pansi komanso pamitengo, koma nthawi zambiri amasankha mapiri.

Masomphenya abwino amalola chiwombankhanga kuzindikira mbewa, njoka kapena buluzi kuchokera kumtunda waukulu. Diso lamaso ndilokulira ndipo limatenga malo ambiri chigaza, kotero kusunthika kwa maso sikokulira, koma khosi lopangidwa bwino limakwaniritsa kuchepa uku. Makutu akumva amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri polumikizirana kuposa kusaka. Fungo silikupangika bwino.

Nthawi zambiri amasaka okha. Chiwombankhanga chimatha kuwuluka kwa nthawi yayitali pamalo okwera, kufunafuna nyama, kapena kukhala paphiri ndikuyang'ana ozungulira pofunafuna wozunzidwa. Monga lamulo, nyama zophedwa zokhazokha zimapita ku chakudya, carrion samalowamo zakudya zawo. Zonse zimatengera mtundu wa mbalame. Itha kukhala zonse tizilombo komanso zolengedwa zazikulu. Panthawi yowukira, chiwombankhanga chimagwera pansi kwambiri, ndikugwira wolakwayo ndi miyendo yake ndikumenya ndi mdomo wake. Cholengedwa chodabwitsanso sichitha kukaniza.

Mphungu zimasankha banja limodzi moyo. Zomera zimamangidwa zazikulu komanso zolimba pogwiritsa ntchito nthambi. Ikani mazira awiri aliyense. Pomwe wamkazi amawalowetsa, amphongo amasamalira chakudya chake. Kukulitsa ana amatha kuwona nthawi yomweyo, ndipo amaphimbidwa ndi fluff. Chikhalidwe cha mdaniyo chimapangitsa anapiye kuyambira achichepere kumenyera nkhondo kuti apulumuke. Nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona momwe mwana wankhuku yayikulu ikuyesera kukankha mchimwene wake mchisa. Nthawi zina zimatha kumupha pomenyera chakudya. Pakakhala chakudya chokwanira, anapiye angapo amamera zisa.

Chithunzi: Chiwombankhanga chagolide.

M'dziko lapansi muli mitundu 40 ya mbalame. Chiwombankhanga chachikulu kwambiri ndi Golden Eagle. Kutalika kwake kumafika 95 masentimita, ndipo mapiko ake ali oposa mamita awiri. Zambiri kuyambira golide mpaka t. Brown. Zimakhala m'mapiri okhaokha. Amawasaka awiriawiri ndipo makamaka masana. Amadyetsa mbalame, agologolo, agwape, mavu komanso nyama zokulirapo.

Zithunzi zokongola za chiwombankhanga:

Mphungu yokhala ndi bala loyera imayimira mtundu wake wachilendo. Poyerekeza ndi masamba amtundu wa bulauni, mutha kuwona mawanga achikasu pamutu ndi khosi, ndipo mchirawo ukupakidwa utayera. Woimira wamkulu wa banja la hawk, amakonda zakudya zam'madzi.

Msodzi wa chiwombankhanga (osprey) ndi mbalame yaying'ono, yofanana ndi seagull. Kulemera - 1.5-2 kg. Kusaka pamadzi, kumakola nsomba nthawi yothawa kapena kulowa m'madzi. Chifukwa chokhala ndi nkhawa, mbalameyo imafuula mokweza kwambiri.

Chithunzi: Msodzi wa chiwombankhanga (osprey)

Chaching'ono kwambiri kuposa osprey ndi chiwombankhanga chochepa kwambiri. Utoto wake umatha kukhala wopepuka komanso wamdima. Kulemera - zosakwana kilogalamu. Monga nthumwi zonse za mbalame zamtunduwu, mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala zowoneka bwino ndikuuluka ndikuuluka. Amatha kukhala pamalo okwera kwambiri kwanthawi yayitali, kutsatira nsanje.

Chithunzi: Zoyang'ana pamaondo.

Kusintha kwa chiwombankhanga. Izi ndi zomwe chiwombankhanga chimachita kukalamba. Anthu ali ndi zambiri zoti aphunzire ...

Zomwe mbalame zimatengedwa kuti ndizopambana kwambiri, zonyada komanso zowopsa (kupatula mbalame zodziwika bwino za Rock ndi nyama zonyansa). Zachidziwikire, awa ndi chiwombankhanga! Chiwombankhanga chimakhala champhamvu, champhamvu modabwitsa, chodzikweza komanso mbalame zodyedwa kwambiri zikuuluka pansi pamitambo ndikufunafuna nyama kuchokera m'mwamba kwambiri. Anthu akhala akusilira mbalameyi kwazaka zambiri. Kodi mukudziwa kuvuta kwa moyo wa chiwombankhanga ukalamba? Nkhaniyi siyingakusiyeni opanda chidwi.

Ziwombankhanga zikakhala ndi zaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu mpaka makumi anayi, zikhadabo zawo zimakula motalika kwambiri kotero kuti palibe njira yoti zizitola nyama. Mlomo wa chiwombankhanga ukugwada mpaka kufika poti ungathe kudya. Kunyada kwa chiwombankhanga - kuchuluka kwake - ndikulemera, kumakhala kovuta komanso kokhazikika, kotero ndizovuta kuuluka. Kwakukulu, mbalameyi ili mumkhalidwe womwe suulola kuti ukhale ndi moyo. Ndipo kenako chiwombankhanga chimapanga chisankho: mwina kumwalira pang'onopang'ono, kapena kubwereza kowawa, kovuta kwambiri. Kodi mukudziwa momwe zimachitikira?

Chiwombankhanga chimawulukira ku chisa chake, chomwe chili mwakuya, kumapiri. Pamenepo akuyamba kumenya mwamphamvu ndi miyalayo ndi mulomo wake mpaka itang'ambika. Tangoganizirani momwe zimapwetekera! Koma zovuta kwambiri zomwe zikubwera ...

Pomwe mlomo ukukula pang'onopang'ono, mbalame imakhala ndi njala. Pambuyo pake, ndi mlomo watsopano, amang'amba zovala zake zosayenera kusaka ndikuyamba kudikirira mpaka atakula. Pakatha mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri, mphunguzo zimang'amba nthenga zawo zonse zokongola ndi zikhadabo zatsopano. Akakulanso, mbalamezi zimathanso kuuluka, kusaka ndi kudzipezera chakudya. Komanso, kubadwanso kowawa nthawi zambiri kumatha miyezi isanu mpaka isanu ndi umodzi! Tangolingalirani za kukhala wolimba mtima chotere!

Sizachabe kuti anthu amasilira ziwombankhanga kwambiri. Mbalamezi ndizabwino komanso zamphamvu osati matupi okha komanso ndi mzimu. Ndipo tonse tili ndi zambiri zoti tipeze kwa iwo. Kupatula apo, kuti tisinthe, kuti tisinthe momwe tingayambire kukhala moyo watsopano, tiyenera kudutsa m'mazunzo, kuwawa, mantha. Koma pokha poti adzipulumutse ku zolemetsa zakale, munthu amadzilimbitsa yekha ndi mphamvu zatsopano amapita mtsogolo.

Kubadwanso kwa chiwombankhanga. Fanizo la chiwombankhanga. Kubadwanso.

Ali ndi zaka 40, ziwombankhanga za chiwombankhanga zimakhala zazitali kwambiri komanso zosinthika, ndipo iye samatha kugwira nyama. Mlomo wake umakhala wautali kwambiri komanso wopindika, osalola kuti udye. Nthenga zomwe zili m'mapiko ndi pachifuwa zimakhala zonenepa kwambiri komanso zolemetsa, ndikumulepheretsa kuuluka. Tsopano chiwombankhanga chikuyang'anizana ndi chisankho: mwina imfa, kapena nthawi yayitali komanso yopweteka, zosintha masiku 150 ...

Amawulukira ku chisa chake, chomwe chili pamwamba pa phirilo, nkumamenya kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mulomo wake pathanthwe, mpaka mulomo utaduka ndikuthothoka ... Kenako amadikirira mpaka mulomo watsopano utakula, womwe umatulutsa zikhadabo zake ... Pakaduka zikhwangwala zatsopano, chiwombankhanga chimadzichotsa mapangidwe ake olemetsa ... Ndipo, pakatha miyezi isanu ya ululu ndi kuzunzika, ndi mulomo watsopano, zikhadabo ndi maula, chiwombankhanga chimabadwanso mwatsopano ndipo chimatha kukhala zaka zina 30 ...

Nthawi zambiri, kuti tikhala ndi moyo, tiyenera kusintha, nthawi zina njirayi imakhala ndi ululu, mantha, kukayikira ... Timachotsa zolemetsa zakale ndipo izi ndizongotipatsa mwayi wokhala.

Zomwe zili patsamba lino zatsitsidwa kuchokera pa intaneti kapena kwina.

Wolemba: Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna (si wolemba nkhani)

Katswiri wa zamaganizo, Constellator wa Family Therapist - St.

Alyona Blishchenko analemba (a):
Nthawi zambiri, kuti tikhala ndi moyo, tiyenera kusintha, nthawi zina njirayi imayikidwa limodzi ndi zowawa, mantha, kukayikira ... Timachotsa zolemetsa zakale ndipo izi ndizongotipatsa mwayi wokhala.

Mu nyimbo! Zikomo, Alena.

Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Katswiri wazamisala - Moscow

Wokondedwa anzathu, Zatrutina Alena Vladimirovna, Natalia Filimonova, Angelika Bogdanova, Zhuravleva Galina Vyacheslavovna, Tulinova Irina Borisovna, zikomo chifukwa cha chidwi chanu komanso chidwi chanu! Zikomo chifukwa cha ndemanga yanu!

Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Katswiri wazamisala - Moscow

Chiwerengero 11 | Elena Revina analemba:
Zovala zathu zakale, mulomo ndi nthenga ndizakale zathu. Sizingathe kutulutsidwa. Sitingathe kubwereza izi, kuzindikira ndikukonza zolakwitsa zathu zaka zapitazi.

Kuphatikiza kwakukulu! Mukudziwa, nditatumiza fanizo ili, ndimaganiza zofanana.Ndipo komabe ndinena mosiyana: zakale sizingatheke "kuwonongeka", koma mutha kuyesetsa kuti mumasuke ku izi.

Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Katswiri wazamisala - Moscow

Chiwerengero 13 | Zatrutina Alena Vladimirovna analemba (a):
"Master, nyanga zanga sizingakhalire pakhomo!",)

Alena, ndikumvetsa madandaulo ako! Ndipo komabe, o, fanizo lokongola kwambiri. Ndinafuna kusiya nkhani imeneyi pamabulogu anga. Monga chiyembekezo chobadwanso.

Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Katswiri wazamisala - Moscow

Chiwerengero 15 | Zatrutina Alena Vladimirovna analemba (a):
Alyona Blishchenko, mkwiyo womwe ungakhale wolimba mtima - "sungathe kutulutsidwa".

Chiwerengero 15 | Zatrutina Alena Vladimirovna analemba (a):
Ndipo ngati muyesa?

Ndipo ngati mungayesere, zitha ndipo zitha)

Yesu adapanga mafanizo kuti abweretse anthu kwa iye. Anthu amapanga mafanizo awo kuti athawe okha. Pazaka 3 zapitazo amuna anga atamwalira kunkhondo, ana ake adandisiya miyoyo yawo. Mukuganiza kuti nkoyenera kuyichotsa kwa ife?

Blishchenko Alyona Viktorovna

Katswiri wazamisala - Moscow

Chiwerengero 17 | Elena Revina analemba:
Pazaka 3 zapitazo amuna anga atamwalira kunkhondo, ana ake adandisiya miyoyo yawo.

Elena, landira mawu anga okondweretsa! Zowawa kwambiri!

Chiwerengero 17 | Elena Revina analemba:
Mukuganiza kuti nkoyenera kuyichotsa kwa ife?

Ayi sichoncho! Izi sizinali za izo! Ndi kuti zovulaza zam'mbuyomu ziyenera kuthetsedwa kuti zisathere m'mavuto am'mbuyomu ndikupitilizabe. Fumbo lokhudza.

Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga. Kufotokozera kwathunthu pabanja

M'malo mwake, tikulankhula za banja la hawk, ndipo ziwombankhanga ndizomwe zimangokhala zochepa chabe, koma kuti tisasokoneze owerenga mu terminology yazachilengedwe, izikunena za banja.

Chifukwa chake, banja la chiwombankhanga limayimiriridwa ndi mitundu yopitilira 70, yomwe yambiri imakhala m'maiko awiri: Eurasia ndi Africa. Mitundu iwiri yokha ndi yomwe imakhala kuthengo ku North America, mitundu 9 ku South ndi Central America ndi mitundu itatu ku Australia.

Mitundu yonse ndi mbalame zazikuluzikulu zodya nyama. Chifukwa chake, zazing'ono kwambiri mwa izo, chiwombankhanga cha Spilornis klossi, ndizotalika 40 cm ndipo zimalemera magalamu 450. Akuluakulu a mitundu yayikulu kwambiri (chiwombankhanga, chiwombankhanga chagolide) amafika 7 kg ndipo amatalika kuchokera mulomo mpaka mchira wopitilira mita imodzi.

Mbalame zimakhala ndi mawonedwe abwino kwambiri opanga ma bondo, makulidwe ake omwe ndi okwera 3.6 kuposa anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi zokumbira zoluka zakuthwa, zamphamvu zamphamvu ndipo amatha kuthamanga pa kuthamanga mpaka 250 km / h.

Mitundu yonse ya mbalame imakhala yofanana, ndiye kuti imapangika gulu limodzi moyo. Mwachilengedwe, anthu amtundu wina amatha kukhala ndi zaka 25. Mbalame zimatha kutha msinkhu pofika zaka 4-7. Monga lamulo, iwo amamanga zisa zawo pamwamba pamtunda (pamiyala yamiyala, pamiyala yamitengo yambiri). Mbalame zazikazi ndi zokulirapo nthawi 1.5 kuposa zazimuna. Yaikazi nthawi zambiri imayikira mazira awiri, pomwe imodzi yokha imatsala. Nthawi yobala mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayamba mu Januwale ndipo imatha mpaka Marichi. Yaikazi imakhala pamazira pafupifupi masiku 45, koma yamphongo imatha kumuthandiza. Makolo amadyetsa anapiye awo kwa miyezi itatu, kenako amachoka chisa.

Chizindikiro cha chiwombankhanga ndichoti pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya mitundu yawo imakhala moyo wongokhala, ndipo zimasamukira pokhapokha zakudya zawo zikachepetsedwa nthawi yozizira. Chiwombankhanga chilichonse chimayang'anira dera lalikulu masikweya kilomita, momwe zimakhala ndi zisa zingapo, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana. Ndizodabwitsa kuti chisa chimodzi chatulutsa mbalame kwa zaka zingapo. Amawonjezera nthambi zatsopano kwa iye, kotero chisa chimatha kutalika mpaka 1.5 metres.

Komanso m'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za ziwombankhanga.

Phukusi la chiwombankhanga. Kufotokozera

Chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame zodya za banja la a Hawk. Amakhala ndi mapiko olimbitsa thupi, ochulukirapo, ochititsa chidwi. Zina zodziwika bwino za mbalamezi:

wolimba, wakuthwa, wakuthwa kumapeto kwa umlomo.

• khosi lalikulu
• mutu wawung'ono
• maso akungokhala
• minofu, miyendo yopindika,
• zazitali, zazitali, zopindika m'miyendo.

M'moyo wonse, zikhadabo ndi mulomo wa chiwombankhanga zimatha kukula. Koma kuthekera uku kumalipidwa ndi kupera kwawo pang'onopang'ono.

Chiwombankhanga chimatha kukwera mpaka kutalika, mpaka 700. Masomphenya akuthwa amawathandiza kutsatira nyama. Kununkhira kwa mbalame zamtunduwu sikutha kumva bwino. Kumva kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha polumikizana wina ndi mnzake.

Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ocheperako kuposa akazi. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya chiwombankhanga ndi yayikulu. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu kumatha kufika 6 kg. Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana kuchokera pa 0.8 mpaka 0.95 m. Kupatula ndi chiwombankhanga chopanda kanthu komanso chiwombankhanga chochepa kwambiri.

Mapiko a mapiko a chiwombankhanga amatha kufikira mamita 2.5. Izi zimapangitsa kuti izitha kutalika pamwamba pa nthaka.

Gawo la mchira lifupikitsidwa. Monga tikuwonera pachithunzi cha chiwombankhanga, mitundu ina mchira umakhala wofanana ndi fan. Mapulogalamu ogwidwa ndi achikunja aku Africa amasiyanitsidwa ndi chisoti cha nthenga zazitali pamutu pawo.

Mtundu wa ma plumage umadalira pamasamba. Utoto ukhoza kupitilira zonse pakamvekedwe kake ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuuluka kwa chiwombankhanga ndi mbalame yodabwitsa kwambiri. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi maneuverability komanso kufota kwamphamvu. Chozizwitsa chodabwitsachi sichiopa mphepo. Mukawona wozunzidwayo, imatha kulowa pansi, ndikupanga liwiro lakufika pa 320 km / h.

Mphungu zimakhala zaka pafupifupi 30. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 50.

Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga ndi magawo ake ogawa

Kuti muyankhe funso la momwe chiwombankhanga chimasakira, muyenera kudziwa kaye kuti ndi mitundu yanji komanso komwe imakhala.

Mbalame yayikuluyi ndi ya banja la a Hawk, omwe amayimilidwa ndi genera angapo. Mitundu ya chiwombankhanga imaphatikizapo mitundu ingapo ya mbalamezi. Ena mwa iwo ndi:

• Mphungu yagolide, kapena chiwombankhanga chachifumu. Amakhala ku Northern Hemisphere (Eurasia, North America). Zoweta, monga lamulo, m'malo okhala mapiri.
• Chiwombankhanga cha ku Philippines. Mwa dzina, mutha kuyerekezera kuti amakhala m'nkhalango ku Philippines.
• Harpy South American. Mtunduwu umakhala nkhalango ku South America.
• Chiwombankhanga cha nkhondo. Malo omwe amakhala ndi kumpoto kwa Africa.
• Mphungu zadazi ndi chizindikiro cha USA. Mtunduwu umapezeka ku North America kokha.

Mwa mitundu yonse yoyimiriridwa, chiwombankhanga chagolide (pafupifupi awiriawiri) omwe amapezeka ku Russia.

Makhalidwe a mlenje wobadwa

Kodi chiwombankhanga chimawerengedwa ngati mbuye wa ndege komanso mlenje wothamanga kwambiri komanso wankhanza kwambiri? Pali zifukwa zabwino:

• Kukula kwa mbalame. Zambiri zimatha kufika makilogalamu 7 (zazikazi ndi zokulirapo kuposa 1.5), kutalika kuchokera kumphepete mwa mchira mpaka mulomo kupitirira mita imodzi, ndipo mapiko akufika mpaka 2.5 metres.
• Kuthamanga kwamayendedwe. Chiwombankhanga chikapenda mosamala nyama yake kuchokera pamwambapa, chimayenda pamtunda wa 45-50 km / h, koma pakuwonekera kwa wozunzidwayo kuthamanga kwawo kumatha kuwonjezeka ka 5,6.
• Zovala zamphamvu ndi maondo. Pakhosi lililonse la mbalameyo pali chiwonetsero cha kutsogolo atatu ndi mpango umodzi wam'mbuyo, womwe umalola kuboola ndi kugwira nyama. Panthawi yolumikizana ndi nsapato, chiwombankhanga chimatha kupangitsa kupsinjika maulendo 15 kuposa dzanja la munthu.
• Gawo la kapangidwe kamalangidwe. Ndi yayikulu, yolemera ndipo imatsika kumapeto. Kapangidwe kameneka kamakhala ngati aerodynamics koyenera kuthawa ndipo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopangira thupi la womenyedwayo.
• Masomphenya akulu. Apa, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe ziyenera kudziwidwa: choyambirira, kuchuluka kwa ma toni ndi ndodo ku diso la mbalameyo ndikwokweza kuposa anthu, izi zimalola kuwona bwino makoko ochepa kuchokera kutali ndi mamitala mazana angapo, ndipo mawonekedwe amtundu amathandizira kuti mbalameyo isiyanitse pakati pa womenyedwayo ndi mtunda, chachiwiri, retina la chiwombankhanga limakhala ndi malo awiri okhala ndi zigawo zambiri, ndiye kuti, mbalame imatha kufunafuna nthawi yomweyo ndikuyang'anira nyama yake ndikuwonetsetsa komwe ikuuluka, kachitatu, njira yowonekera kwambiri ya chiwombankhanga ifika pakugwirika Ki 4pi steradian, ndiye kuti, amawona chilichonse chomuzungulira, izi sizingowonjezera kukula kwakukulu kwa maso ndi malo omwe ali mbali zonse ziwiri zamutu, komanso chifukwa chakutalika kwambiri kwa khosi, komwe kumatha kuzungulira 270 °.