Ufumu: | Nyama |
Lembani: | Arthropods |
Subtype: | Crustaceans |
Giredi: | Nsomba zazinkhanira kwambiri |
Gulu: | Decapod crustaceans |
Malo: | Shirimpu weniweni |
Banja: | Grarangonidae |
Jenda: | Crangon |
Onani: | Khwangwala wamba |
- Astacus crangon (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Khansa crangon Linnaeus, 1758
- Crago vulgaris (Fabricius, 1798)
- Crangon maculatus Marcusen, 1867
- Crangon maculosa Rathke, 1837
- Crangon rubropunctatus Risso, 1816
- Crangon vulgaris Fabricius, 1798
- Steiracrangon orientalis Czerniavsky, 1884
Khwangwala wamba (lat. Crangon crangon) - mtundu wa shrimp weniweni kuchokera kubanja Grarangonidae. Ili ndi mtengo wapamwamba wa mafakitale, imagwidwa makamaka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Atlantic ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean.
Akuluakulu amafika kutalika kwa 30-50 mm, munthu aliyense mpaka 90 mm. Shrimp imakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino womwe umafanizira mtundu wamchenga, womwe ungasiyane kutengera mtundu wa chilengedwe. Amakhala pamadzi osaya ndi madzi opanda pake, pomwe amadyetsa kwambiri usiku. Masana, amakumba mumchenga, kubisala kwa adani - mbalame ndi nsomba, koma kusiya nyerere pamtunda.
Dongosolo ndilokulirapo, limafotokoza Nyanja ya Atlantic kuchokera ku Nyanja Yoyera kumpoto kwa Russia kufikira pagombe la Moroko, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, Yakuda ndi Baltic. Akale kwambiri ndi anthu akum'mawa a kum'mawa, omwe adagwiritsa ntchito ngati gawoli chakum'mawa kwa Atlantic kumapeto kwa Pleistocene.
Anthu achikulire amakhala pansi panthaka kapena pansi penipeni pa madzi, amakhala m'malo am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ochulukirapo ndipo amathandizira kwambiri kuzikhalidwe zomwe akukhalamo.
Akazi amafikira kutha msinkhu, amakhala ndi kutalika kwa 22-43 mm, amuna - 30-45 mm. Mphutsi za Planktonic kumaswa kwa mazira. Asanafike pagawo lachivuto chakumapeto, komwe kumadutsa kakhalidwe kakang'ono, mizere isanu idutsa.
Kudya
Mu 1999, zopitilira 37,000 za shrimp zinagwidwa. Germany ndi Netherlands ndizochita zoposa 80%.
Sipuni yophika yamtunduwu imadziwika kwambiri ku Belgium ndi mayiko oyandikana nawo. Chimodzi mwa mbale zotchuka chimatchedwa phwando lamatumbopamene shrimps yophika imasakanizidwa ndi mayonesi ndikuzikongoletsa ndi tomato watsopano. Ma Shrimp croquette opangidwa ndi tchizi nawonso amatchuka. Komanso anali mowa.
Shrimp imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Amaphika, kuwotchera ndi kuphika. Kutumikiridwa ndi mbale yam'mbali ndi njira yayikulu. Itha kuthandizidwa ndi peeled kapena chipolopolo. Kuti chipolopolo chilekanitse mosavuta, muyenera kuwira nsapato. Shrimp imatha kupulumutsidwa ndi sosi zosiyanasiyana.
Habitat
Chithunzithunzi cha Angelfish chimatha kupezeka m'madzi ozizira okha, kutentha kwake osatsika kuposa -0.1 ° C ndipo osakwezeka kuposa -1.7 ° C (malinga ndi magwero ena, kuyambira -1.7 ° C mpaka +3.5 ° C Izi zidapezeka mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk, pomwe zimakhala kwambiri. Chifukwa cha izi, shrimp nthawi zambiri imatchedwa Okhotsk shrimp. Kuphatikiza apo, pali ambiri a iwo mu Nyanja ya Bering, mu Anadyr ndi Navarinsky bays, gombe la Koryak. Puget Sound, gombe la Asia, kum'mwera Sakhalin ku Aniva Bay, kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Chukchi kupita ku Peter the Great Bay, amakonda kukhala komwe kulibe mafunde amphamvu, pafupi ndi matope akuya kwa 20-90 m, osachepera 120 m ndipo ngakhale 140 m. Komabe, amadziwika ndi kusuntha kwamtambo. Ndiye kuti, shrimp imatha kukwera m'mphepete mwa madzi mpaka kutalika kwa 10 m kapena kukhala pafupi kwambiri pansi. Kusunthika kofala kwambiri tsiku ndi tsiku. Madzulo amawuka ndikugwa m'mawa.
Shrimp Yopendekera: Kufotokozera
Wokhala m'madziyu ndi mollusk; ndi wa Crustacean infraorder komanso Dongosolo la Decapod. M'malo mwake, miyendo ya shrimp si 10, koma ochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake, akufunika miyendo isanu ya chifuwachi kuti asunthire, awiriawiri amitu posaka ndikutchinjiriza, ndi miyendo yamiyendo posambira. Mwa amuna, miyendo yoyamba ya mutu idasandulika kukhala chiwalo chobala.
Kukula kwa shrimp yam'madzi kumatengera zaka zake. Chifukwa chake, mchaka chimodzi ndi theka ndi 40-50 mm, zaka 2.5 - 75 mm, ndipo zaka 3.5 - 80-90 mm. Nthawi yomweyo, kulemera kwake kumafika magalamu 8. Shrimp amakhala pafupifupi zaka 5, koma atakwanitsa zaka 7. Anamupatsa dzina "Anglo-Tailing" chifukwa mchira wake umakhala mbali yakumbuyo ya thupi lake. Ma crustaceans awa alibe mafupa monga choncho; amasinthidwa ndi chipolopolo. Pamitu pawo ali ndi maso, komanso tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhomera timene timagwira. Pansi pake pali antennas omwe amazindikira mankhwala.
Kuswana
Osati kokha "kukula" kwake, komanso kugonana mkati mwa moyo kumasinthidwa ndi shrimp. Chithunzicho pamwambapa chikuwonetsa momwe zimasinthira morphological. Izi mollusks mwachilengedwe, ndi kuti ali ndi akazi ndi amuna. Koma ali m'gulu la zolengedwa zotchedwa protandric hermaphrodites. "Protandric" kuchokera ku Chigriki amatanthauza "woyamba munthu". Izi zikutanthauza kuti anyaniwa amabadwa ndi amuna, ndipo pafupifupi zaka zitatu amakhala akazi, koma pakadali pano akhoza kukhala ngati amuna. Kuphatikiza apo, mbedza imataya ntchito yawo wamwamuna. Mwambo wawo waukwati ndi wafupikitsa. Yaikazi imatulutsa mafinya onunkhira m'madzi omwe amakopa amuna. Kukalamba kumatenga mphindi zochepa. Shrimp imamera pakasupe. Mazira awo ndi ochepa kwambiri, abuluu mtundu. Wamkazi mmodzi amatha kuyikira mazira 30, koma ambiri mazana ambiri aiwo amawagona.
Moyo
Coral shrimp monga mtundu wamtunduwu umapulumuka chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake. Mphutsi zazing'onozing'ono kuchokera ku mazira kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka Julayi. Mukukula, amaponya chigamba chakale chomwe chakhala chopsinjika kasanu ndi kawiri ndikuphimbidwa ndi chatsopano.
Shrimp ndi adani. Zakudya zawo zimapangidwa ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta plankton. Masana, zitsamba zambiri zimabisala. Kunja, amaonetsera antennas awo ndi antonella. Miyendo yawo yam mchira imakonzedwa bwino kwambiri kotero kuti imawapatsa mwayi kuti adumphe ngati angachite ngozi, yomwe imagwetsa ogwidwa omwe amawagwira ndikuwapulumutsa.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Ma Shrimp ndi crustaceans kuchokera munthawi ya ma decapods: pali mitundu ya 250 ndi mitundu yopitilira 2,000 ya zolengedwa izi. Ma shrimp a Decapod ndi crustaceans apamwamba, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yamitundu yambiri, minyewa yawo yamtima imakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Monga ma arthropods onse, ndi amtundu wa nyama, ali ndi chiunda chokhala ndi chitinous, chomwe chimachepetsa kukula kwa thupi chifukwa chake nyamayo imayenera kutaya nthawi yomweyo - kupita molting.
Kanema: Shrimp
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 100 ya shrimp yomwe imakonda kusodza, ina imalimidwa pamafamu apadera a shrimp, pali mitundu ingapo yomwe imasungidwa bwino ngakhale m'midzi yakunyumba. Mitundu yambiri ya crustaceans iyi imadziwika ndi protandric hermaphroditism - pamoyo wawo amatha kusintha jenda. Chodabwitsachi chodabwitsa kwambiri pakupezeka kofanana kwa kugonana kosiyana mu zolengedwa za hermaphrodite ndizosowa kwenikweni.
Chosangalatsa: Nyama ya Shrimp imakhala yokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso calcium yambiri, koma mafuta ochepa kwambiri, komabe, shrimp, monga ma arthropod ena onse okhala m'madzi amaletsedwa kudya ku Chiyuda. Pali kusagwirizana pa kuvomerezeka pakugwiritsa ntchito izi crustaceans ku Chisilamu.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Kodi kabowo kamaoneka bwanji?
Mtundu ndi kukula kwa shrimp zimatengera mtundu wake, koma m'mitundu yonseyi thupi limaphimbidwa kunja ndi chosanjikiza cholimba cha chitin, chomwe amasintha akamakula. Mollusk ali ndi thupi lalitali kutalika kwake, lothinikizidwa mbali, zomwe amagawika pamimba, cephalothorax. Cephalothorax, imakhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo - mkombero, momwe mumatha kuwona mano a mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wa crustacean. Mtundu wa shrimp ukhoza kukhala wa mtundu wobiriwira mpaka wa pinki komanso wamtambo, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima, mawanga, kukula kwake kuyambira 2 mpaka 30 sentimita. Maso a shrimp amakhala ndi mbali zambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwawo kumakula. Masomphenya awo ndiwowoneka bwino ndipo pachifukwa ichi, anyaniwa amatha kuwona patali pang'ono masentimita angapo.
Komabe, maso ali ndi udindo wopanga mahomoni apadera omwe amawongolera:
- Kusintha kwa thupi,
- kutalika, kulumikizana pafupipafupi,
- kagayidwe, kuchuluka kwa calcium,
- dongosolo la pigment.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta Antenna ndi gawo lokhudza. M'mimba mwa shrimp mumakhala miyendo isanu yamiyendo - ma pleopods, pomwe nyamayo imasambira. Yaikazi imavala mazira pamafuta, ikulimbikitsa, imatsuka ndikuitsuka. Miyendo yomaliza pamodzi ndi mchira imapanga zimakupiza zambiri. Kutumizira m'mimba, khungubweyu imatha kusambira mwachangu kubwerera pachiwopsezo. Mbawala imakhala ndi nsagwada zitatu za nsagwada, mothandizidwa nayo imatola chakudya ndikubwera nayo kwa mbola, masamba ake omwe amawoneka ngati angadye kapena asadye.
Miyendo yakutsogolo ya zisumbuzo yasinthika kukhala zisoti. Amateteza shrimp, kugwira nyama yayikulu. Amuna, nthawi zambiri amakula. Kuyenda miyendo pachifuwa ndikosangalatsa chifukwa miyendo yakumanzere ndi yamanja ya gulu lililonse imasuntha palokha. Zilonda za Shrimp zobisika m'mphepete mwa chigombacho ndipo zimalumikizidwa ndi miyendo pachifuwa. Madzi amayendetsedwa kudzera m'mphepete mwa gill pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba lalikulu lomwe lili kumbuyo kwa nsagwada kumbuyo.
Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe
Heroine wathu ndiye chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri cha pollock ndi cod. Nyama yake imakhala ndi zofunikira zambiri zofufuza ndi ma omega-3 acid. Ndipo mosiyana ndi anthu ena otumphuka, shrimp uyu samadya zovalazo, amangodya chakudya chatsopano. Nsomba zam'nyanja zimadziwa bwino kuti nyama yotere imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino kwambiri. Mwa kukhalapo kwa michere mmenemo, patsogolo pake ndi nyama ya shrimp ya Mediterranean.
Amadziwika kuti ndi mchira chifukwa choti mchira umakhala pakona kwa thupi. Cephalothorax ndi wamfupi kwambiri kuposa pamimba. Amawoneka wanzeru. Mbawala yaying'ono imakhala ndi pinki, yotuwa yowoneka bwino;
M'madzi, monga shirimpu yambiri, imatha kusintha mtundu, kuchokera ku utoto wamatalala, pafupi ndi pansi, mpaka kubiriwira pang'ono pafupi ndi algae. Imakhalabe yopepuka. Izi ndizobisalira kwambiri. Ndi zaka, amatha kukhala ndi mthunzi womwe umakhala wopindulitsa kwambiri m'dera lomwe akukhala, ndipo utoto umapangidwa chifukwa cha chakudya chomwe chimadyedwa. Nthawi zambiri, imakhala imvi.
Ngakhale kuti ndi wa ma decapods, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi miyendo yambiri. Miyendo isanu ya mchifuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda, awiriawiri amutu ndi chitetezo ndi kusaka, ndipo magulu angapo amiyendo yam mchira ndi mchira wake ndi wa kusambira. Amuna amagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yoyamba ya mutu pobereka.
Zingwe za squid Shrimp kutengera zaka zake. Chaka choyamba ndi theka amakhala 4-5 cm, patatha chaka - 7.5 cm, ndipo zaka 3.5 - 8-9 masentimita. Pofika nthawi iyi, kulemera kwake kumafika magalamu 8. Pali anthu omwe amatalika masentimita 10 mpaka 11. Caviar wake ndi wamtambo wakuda.
Chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi kuthekera kwawo kusintha kugonana. Onsewa ndi amuna. Ndipo patatha zaka zitatu, gawo lina laiwo limadzichitira zachikazi. Mitundu iyi imatchedwa protandric hermaphrodites.
Anglettail Shrimp mu chithunzi ikhoza kuwonetsa zithunzi 7 zosiyanasiyana. Ndi magawo enieni a kukula kotero kuti mphutsi zimapitilira kusasitsa. Kukula, sikusintha kugonana kokha, komanso malo okhalamo, omwe akukwera mosanjikiza ndi nyanja. Zowona, kuti masana amayesetsa kukhala pafupi ndi pansi penipeni, pabwino pamenepo.
Kodi shrimp imakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Shrimp munyanja
Shrimp, yomwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupezeka nyanja zam'nyanja ndi nyanja, idakhazikika pena paliponse.
Mitundu yoposa 2000 ya ma crustaceanswa amatha kugawidwa m'magawo otsatirawa:
- madzi oyera - opezeka ku Russia, madzi aku Australia, South Asia,
- shrimp yamadzi ozizira - iyi ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri womwe umakhala kumpoto, Nyanja ya Baltic, Barents, m'mphepete mwa Greenland, Canada,
- madzi otentha - nyanja zam'madzi zam'madzi ndi nyanja zamchere,
- brackish - m'madzi amchere.
Ma crustaceans aku Chile anakhazikika ku gombe la South America, komwe amapezeka mu Nyanja Yakuda, Nyanja ya Mediterranean, ndi prawen amfumu mu Atlantic Ocean. Mukamapanga malo abwino, mitundu ina yamadzi ndi madzi ofunda amapezeka bwino m'midzi yakunyumba. Ambiri aiwo anali odulidwa mwangozi, okhala ndi khungu losazolowereka, lomwe silimapezeka mwachilengedwe.
Chosangalatsa: Mbalame zamadzi ozizira zimatha kubereka zachilengedwe zokha ndipo sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu. Ma crustaceans amadya kokha plankton yokonda zachilengedwe, yomwe imasankha mtundu wambiri komanso kufunika kwa nyama yawo. Oyimira bwino kwambiri pamasamba awa ndi akumpoto ofiira komanso ofiira ofunda, kumpoto chakumpoto.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kachilombo kamapezeka. Tiwone zomwe adya.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Zilombo zopanda mphamvu izi zimachita masewera am'madzi am'nyanja. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timatulutsa kuchokera pansi pamiyendo ya kachilombo, chifuwa kapena magazi, pomwe akulu amadya crustaceans yaying'ono.
Izi zimapatsa matupi awo chitin chofunikira cholimbitsa chipolopolo. Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kukondana ndi chomera chachikulu chopendekera ndikuyenda m'masamba ake, ndikutsuka ndi nkhono. Ndipo zopatsa zimatha kukhala chakudya.
Kuti muzindikire chakudya cha shirimpu gwiritsani ntchito ziwalo zonunkhira komanso kukhudza. Awa ndi anangula; amapeza ndi kufufuzira nyama zawo. Njira yopezera chakudya ndiyosangalatsa. Amathamanga kudutsa pansi, kenako nkuyamba kusambira kwambiri m'mazungulira, pang'onopang'ono kukulira m'mimba mwake.
Pomaliza, amapeza chakudya ndikuchipeza ndikudumphira. Mwinanso njira iyi yosakira yomwe ali nayo chifukwa cha kusawona bwino. Shrimp "chisa" cham'nyanja, kuyembekezera mphamvu zina.
Zikuchitika kuti nsomba zambiri zimagona nsomba zambiri. Koma shrimp isadye zovalazo, monga mitundu ina ya shrimp. Chikhalidwe choterechi chimapangitsa kuti nyama yake ikhale yamtengo wapatali komanso yokoma.
Kodi shrimp imadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Shirimpu yayikulu
Ma Shrimp ndi scavengers, maziko ake zakudya zimakhala pafupifupi chilichonse chamoyo. Kuphatikiza apo, ma crustaceans amakonda kudya masamba a plankton, masamba okongola a algae, amatha kusaka nsomba zazing'ono, ngakhale kukwera mu usodzi wa asodzi. Shrimp imafunidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kununkhira komanso kukhudza, kutembenuza tinyanga tawo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina ikung'amba nthaka posaka masamba, pomwe ina imayenderera pansi mpaka ikakudya.
Izi mollusks ali pafupifupi akhungu ndipo amatha kusiyanitsa ma silhouette a zinthu kokha pamtunda wa masentimita angapo, kotero violin yayikulu imaseweredwa ndi lingaliro la fungo. Mbawala imadula kwambiri, ndikugwira miyendo yakutsogolo, ndikuigwirira mpaka pansi. Nsagwada zopangika kapena ma mandibles amapindika pang'onopang'ono chakudya, chomwe chimatha kutenga maola angapo.
Chosangalatsa: Usiku, zitsamba zonse zimawala, kukhala zonyezimira, komanso kuda pang'ono masana, komanso kusintha msanga mtundu wawo kutengera maziko.
Kwa aquarium shrimp, masamba omwe anakonzedwa mwapadera kapena masamba wamba owiritsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. Palibe munthu wamba yemwe angachite chisangalalo chodya zotsalira za abale ake kapena nsomba zam'madzi.
Kodi shrimp amadya chiyani?
Zakudya za Shrimp sizimangokhala chakudya chanyama zokha (plankton), komanso zamtchire ndi dothi. Chi shrimp chambiri chimadziunjikira pafupi ndi maukonde asodzi, ndipo zimadya nsomba mwachangu kuti asodziwo akapeza ukondewo nthawi, angokhala ndi mafupa otsalira.
Amapeza chakudya kudzera ziwalo zogwira ndi zofungo. Ngati duwa latsika ndi maso, ndiye kuti limatha kupeza nyama m'mphindi 4-5, ndipo ngati bulu woyamba watayika, nthawi ino imawonjezera mpaka mphindi 20, ngati ana awiri ankholo atayika, shrimp imayang'ana nyama itadutsa, kwinaku ikugwiritsa ntchito zala zakumaso Zomangira zamkamwa zowomba, zodziwika ndi kukhudzika kwakukulu.
Far East shrimp.
Pali mitundu yopitilira 2000 ya crustaceans iyi. Mwambiri, sizinafotokozedwe zonse. Pokhala amodzi mwa nyama zosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi, amasinthika ndi moyo, amatha kuchoka pamtundu wina kupita kwina (mitsinje yam'madzi, komanso mosemphanitsa), ndipo ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri.
Onsewa ndi amitundu ya nyama zopangidwa mwadongosolo. Makulidwe a Shrimp amayambira 2 mpaka 30 cm. Thupi limakakamizika pambuyo pake. Maso amagundana pang'ono, nthawi zambiri pamakhala tinyanga ndi zibwano. Zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu - madzi ozizira komanso madzi ofunda.
Pali madzi abwino komanso nyanja zam'madzi, pansi ndi plankton, osambira osaya kapena anthu akuzama munyanja. Zina mwa izi ndi zowunikira. Maonekedwe ake, amawoneka ngati akhwangwala ang'onoang'ono, ochulukirapo kokha, ndipo ali ndi mlomo wokhala ndi mano. Ganizirani mitundu yosangalatsa kwambiri:
1. Shrimp Zoalis, yomwe imatsata chifukwa cha chisinthiko. Zimatengera mtundu womwewo monga chilengedwe chake. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri siziwoneka kwa mdani.
2. Shrimp Alpheus kumenya adani mosiyana. Amavala chovala chimodzi kuposa chimzake. Pokhala mu pack, crustaceans amatulutsa kung'ambika kwa chovala ichi, komwe kumathamangitsa alendo osadziwika.
3. Kambuku wakuda - wamkulu koposa onse. Amakula mpaka 36 cm, ndipo amalemera pafupifupi 650 magalamu. Akazi ndi amuna ambiri. Ndi nyama yolandiridwa ndi anthu komanso moyo wapamadzi.
Ndipo mawu ochepa okhudza aquarium shrimp, kukongoletsa. Abalimi amakulitsa mitundu yambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ma crustaceans amatha kutengeka ndi hybridization kuposa nsomba. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugula zitsanzo zokongola kwambiri m'madzi anu. Nthawi zambiri zimasiyana mitundu.
Mwachitsanzo, pali shrimp yoyera - ngale yoyera ndi chipale choyera. Pali ma shrimp a buluu - ngale ya buluu, buluzi wamtambo, buluu wamtambo komanso wabuluu basi. Pali masamba obiriwira, achikaso, ofiira.
Pali shrimp Cardinal, adotolo, bumblebee, njuchi, panda, vinyo wofiira ndi ruby wofiyira, tangerine, lalanje, wamizere ngakhale King Kong. Musanakumane ndi chidwi chotere kunyumba, muyenera kuwerenga momwe mungawasamalire. Nthawi zambiri, malangizo onse amachokera pa kuwunika kutentha ndi kuyera kwa madzi.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Nyanja Shrimp
Shrimp ndi mafoni kwambiri, koma zolengedwa zobisika. Zimayenda pansi pamadziwe posaka chakudya ndipo zimatha kuyenda mtunda wautali, chifukwa ma bulu amatambalala masamba amadzi a pansi pa madzi, nkumawatengera zovunda. Pangozi pang'ono, crustaceans amabisala m'nkhalango, dothi, pakati pa miyala. Ndi oyeretsa ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira munyanja zam'nyanja. Amazunza achibale awo kawirikawiri ndipo kumangochitika njala yayikulu osapeza chakudya chokwanira.
Amayendetsa mwaluso chifukwa choyenda, miyendo yosambira yomwe ili pachifuwa ndi pamimba. Mothandizidwa ndi mchira wake, zitsamba zimatha kugwa mwadzidzidzi mpaka mtunda wokwanira, mwachangu ndikubwerera m'mbuyo ndikuthawitsa adani awo ndikudandaula. Onse shrimp ndi osakwatiwa, komabe, crustaceans amapezeka makamaka m'magulu akulu. Mitundu ina imagwira usiku, pomwe ina imangosaka masana.
Chosangalatsa: Amitundu, mtima wa dambo uli m'dera la mutu. Palinso ziwalo zamkodzo komanso zam'mimba. Mwazi wa ma crustaceans omwe amakhala abwinobwino amakhala owala mtundu wabuluu, koma kuperewera kwa oxygen kumakhala wopanda mtundu.
Zosefera
Kukhazikitsa kwa zida zotere sikofunikira. Ngati pali masamba ambiri mu shrimp, ochepa crustaceans (kupatulapo fayilo shrimp) ndipo palibe nsomba, ndiye kuti kuyika compressor ndikokwanira. Koma zosefera ndi zodalirika komanso zimapereka zikhalidwe kwa anthu okhala m'madzi.
Nthawi zambiri, kwa shrimp, mitundu yokhala ngati siponji imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zipangizo zoterezi ndizosasamalika, zimapereka kuyeretsa kwachilengedwe komanso makina, musatulutse achinyamata oyimba. Nthawi zina, zosefera zakunja zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - knapsacks kapena mipata yamadzi. Amakhutiritsa madzi ndi mpweya wabwino ndikuuyeretsa. Koma chifukwa cha kukhazikitsa kwa zida zoterezi kuyenera kudula gawo lovindikira la aquarium.
Kupanga nyumba ya shrimp ndi manja anu, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fayilo yakunja, yomwe ingapulumutse mpata wamkati mwa thankiyo. Ndikofunikira kuti mupange chitoliro cholimba ndi siponji yomwe imalepheretsa kuti ana azituluka.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Yellow Shrimp
Pafupifupi, shrimp imakhala zaka 1.6 mpaka 6, kutengera mitundu. Shrimp ndi zolengedwa zowoneka bwino, koma ziwalo zazimuna ndi zazikazi zimapangidwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba, kumayambiriro kwa kutha, mwana wamwamuna wa shaza amakhala wamwamuna ndipo mchaka chachitatu cha moyo amasintha kugonana kukhala kotsutsana.
Nthawi yakutha msambo, wamkazi amayambanso kupanga mazira ndipo poyambira amakhala ngati mtundu wachikasu chobiriwira. Mwakukonzekera mokwanirana, wamkazi amatulutsa zinthu zapadera za pheromone, zomwe zimapezeka mwaimuna. Njira yonseyi yodula matendawa imatenga mphindi zochepa ndipo pakapita nthawi mazira amawonekera. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zazikazi zimasunga mazira osabereka pa ubweya wamiyendo yam'mimba, kenako ndikubala nawo ana mpaka mphutsi zitatuluka mazira.
Kutengera ndi kutentha kwa madzi, mphutsi zimamera mkati mwa mazira mkati mwa masiku 10-30, kuchokera ku magawo 9 mpaka 12 a embyogeneis. Choyamba, nsagwada zimapangidwa, kenako cephalothorax. Ambiri mwa mphutsi zimafa tsiku loyamba ndipo amakula osaposa 5-10% ya ana onse. Pansi pa zinthu zosafunikira, kuchuluka kwa kupulumuka kumakwezeka katatu. Mphutsi zokha sizigwira ntchito ndipo sizitha kufunafuna chakudya payokha.
Adani achilengedwe a shirimpu
Chithunzi: Kodi kabowo kamaoneka bwanji?
Chiwombankhanga chachikulu chimafa kumapeto. Zinsomba zahale, zinsomba ndi ena ambiri okhala ndi planktonivores zimakonda kudya ma crustaceans. Nthawi zambiri amagwiranso nkhono zina, mbalame zam'madzi, nsomba zapansi komanso zolengedwa. Ma Shrimp alibe zida zolimbana ndi adani awo, amatha kungoyesa kuthawa kuti achite ngozi kapena kubisala pakati pamasamba azomera, m'malo ovuta kwambiri, anthu ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi amatha kuyesa kuwopseza mdani wawo, pogwiritsa ntchito chisokonezo chake, amachoka. Ma shrimp okhala ndi mitundu yobisika amatha kutengera utoto wamchenga, komanso, ngati kuli kotheka, amasintha mtundu kutengera mtundu ndi chilengedwe.
Shrimp ndi mfundonso pankhani ya usodzi wamafuta. Mochulukitsa, ma mollus awa agwidwa mu Nyanja ya Atlantic, Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Chaka chilichonse, oposa mamiliyoni 3.5 a shrimp amachotsedwa m'madzi amchere pogwiritsa ntchito pansi, zomwe zimawononga kwathunthu malo okhala crustaceans kwa zaka makumi anayi.
Chosangalatsa: Palibe mtundu uliwonse pansi pa dzina lasayansi "mfumu" shrimp, monga mitundu yonse yayikulu ya ma arthropod amatchedwa. Mtundu wawukulu kwambiri ndi mtundu wa akambuku wakuda, omwe amatha kutalika kwa masentimita a 36 ndi kukankha kulemera mpaka 650 gr.
Usodzi
Kuchulukana kwa kudzikundikira kwa ma crustaceans awa kukuchitika. Pakangodutsa mphindi 15, mutha kupeza matani 10 a shrimp. Pali lingaliro la "kugwidwa pagulu", lofupikitsidwa ngati ODE. Pali malire pa kugwira nyama pamndandanda wa ma TAC. Shrimp wathu ndi "wosawonongeka" nyama. Itha kupakidwa mgawo lililonse. Izi zikuwonetsa unyinji.
Ndizachilendo kwambiri kotero kuti ili ndi mayina angapo - Shrimp Wakumpoto, Magadan, Okhotsk, madzi ozizira. Pali mayina ambiri, chinthu chimodzi. Pambuyo pa 9 pm, shrimp imakwera m'mphepete mwa madzi, ndipo pofika m'mawa imayamba kumira.
Chifukwa chake nsomba za anglo-zomata limachitika makamaka usiku. Kugwetsa pansi, shrimp imakhala yotetezeka. Sizikudziwika chifukwa chake amadzuka ndipo ali pachiwopsezo chogwidwa. Mwinanso "akupumula" kuchokera kuthamanga kwambiri.
Angara-michira ndi mtundu wamalonda wamtengo wapatali chifukwa cha kuthekera kwawo komanso mapindu ake. Amakhala okongola kuposa maunda otentha. Nyama yawo ndi "chopanda" chenicheni cha zinthu zina. Muli ayodini ambiri, calcium, zinc, potaziyamu, selenium, mapuloteni, vitamini E ndi ma omega-3 acid.
Amalimbikitsidwa monga chakudya chamafuta ochepa. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, amachotsa bwino "cholesterol" choyipa m'thupi, pomwe amachipangira "chabwino". Shrimp imathandiza kwa odwala matenda ashuga, ma cores, okalamba. Zitha kudyedwa ngakhale mutasala kudya, chifukwa sizikugwira ntchito ku nsomba kapena nyama.
Madzi abwino
Shrimp ya aquarium yamadzi oyera pang'onopang'ono imadzakhala malo okhala m'madzi athu chifukwa chazosangalatsa komanso zosachita kupsa mtima. Shrimp yaying'ono imatha kusungidwa m'malo ocheperako okhala ndi nsomba zazing'ono.
Nyama zokongola izi zimazindikira kwambiri kusowa kwa mpweya, chifukwa cha madzi omwe amafunika kumathandizidwa nthawi zonse. Kutentha kwenikweni ndi madigiri 15-30, koma muyenera kudziwa kuti ikafika kumapeto kwenikweni, amayamba kuchita zinthu mosazengereza. Zilibe kanthu kuti mukusunga mtundu wanji wa shrimp, musalole kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha.
Mu aquarium, yomwe imakhala ndi shirimpu, siyenera kubzalidwe kokha, komanso kuyika matope osiyanasiyana, zidutswa zomata, miyala, zonse, zomwe zingakhale pothaŵirapo pawo.
Ngati tikulankhula za dothi, ndiye kuti liyenera kusankhidwa kutengera kuti ma tinthu sayenera kukhala osakwana mamilimita atatu. Izi ndizofunikira kwa dambo komanso chomera, chifukwa madzi amayenda mozungulira kuchokera munthaka. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi Javanese moss mu dziwe, pomwe mitundu yonse yaying'ono yamtunduwu imakhala chakudya cha shrimp.
Zilibe kanthu kuti nkhwangwa ya mumtsinje kapena nsomba yam'madzi imakhala m'madzi anu, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nyama izi zimakonda kukhala moyo wabata. Ichi ndichifukwa chake njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala yopanga kachilombo komwe sikasokonezedwa ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi.
Mitundu iti ya shrimp yamadzi oyera yomwe simukadakhala nayo malamulo oyambilira ndi malo abata, kutentha kwa madzi kosalekeza, kudya koyenera komanso kupezeka kwa malo ogumirako.
Zosangalatsa
1. Shrimp imakhala ndi mtima, kokha osati pachifuwa, koma m'mutu wa kirisito wodabwitsa.
2. Mazira awo ndi khumi. Amatha kupulumuka chilala. Akakhala m'madzi, amakhala ndi moyo mwachangu ndikuyamba kukhwima.
3. Kudzikundikira kwa ma crustaceans amenewa kumapanga mawu amphamvu omwe "amatha kusokoneza" sitima zapamadzi zamtundu wa Sonar. Mwanjira imeneyi, ndi oyandikana nawo owopsa.
4. M'mphepete mwa Japan munthu akhoza kuwona zozizwitsa - madzi owala. Mbawala yakuzama iyi, yomwe imakwera pamwamba, imakongoletsa nyanja ndikuwala kwawo.
5. Nyama ya Shrimp imasintha metabolism ya endocrine, ndikuwongolera bwino khungu la tsitsi ndi misomali. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kwa cores popewa kudwala matenda oopsa komanso matenda oopsa, komanso kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuchepa thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi aphrodisiac, imakupatsani mwayi wokhala achinyamata.
6. Shrimps ndiyosavuta kugaya, iyenera kuphika kwa mphindi zingapo. Kupanda kutero, nyama yawo imakhala yolimba komanso ya mphira.
7. Chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala ndi magulu awiri a ma chromosome 90. Pomwe munthu ali ndi ma 46. Tsopano ndiuzeni, ndani wa ife amene ali wolinganizidwa bwino kwambiri?
Zoletsa ndi Zoletsa pa Kusala Kwa Shrimp
Malinga ndi dongosolo la Unduna wa Zaulimi, kuletsa asodzi kwa nyengo yonse yachilimwe kumakhazikitsidwa pachaka. Kuyambira Juni 1 mpaka Ogasiti 31, munthu m'modzi amaloledwa kugwira zosaposa 5 kg za crustaceans. Asodzi a nsomba tsiku lililonse amagwira m'mbali mwa gombe la Crimea pofuna kupewa kuwedza nsomba.
Komabe, kuyambira pa Seputembara 1, nyengoyo imayambiranso. Mkhalidwe wa shrimp ku Azov ndi Black Sea, malinga ndi akatswiri, ndiwotetezeka. Chiwerengero chawo chikukula pang'onopang'ono, chomwe ndichosangalatsa pakuwedza asodzi ndipo zimathandizira kuti akole nsomba ambiri.
Kuyambira 2019, kugwidwa kwa crustaceans uku kwachitika ndi mabungwe amigodi a Krasnodar Territory ndi Crimea. Kugwidwa kwa nsomba kumapita kumalesitilanti ndi kumalo ena zakudya. Msika wabanja wa shrimp ndiwofunikira kwambiri chifukwa cha kubereka mwachangu. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, nsomba zam'madzi za pachaka zomwe zimagwira mu Nyanja Yakuda ndi Azov ndizoposa matani 1.5.
Kupangidwa kwamankhwala
Shrimp, monga nsomba zina zam'nyanja, muli zambiri zomanga thupi. Kupukusa kwake kumachitika mwachangu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magazi azikhala ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira.
Gawo zana la gramu ya crustaceans imapereka 47% ya mapuloteni a tsiku ndi tsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizochepa mafuta ndi chakudya chamagulu, mavitamini ambiri amtengo wapatali, michere yaying'ono komanso zazikulu.
Shrimp ndi gwero la vitamini D. magalamu 100 (owiritsa) ali ndi pafupifupi 32% ya zomwe zimachitika tsiku lililonse pazinthu zofunikirazi. Vitamini D imapereka kuyamwa kwa calcium ndi phosphorous, komanso imawongolera mulingo wawo m'magazi.
Ngati tingayerekeze shrimp ndi zinthu zina, mwachitsanzo, zimakhala ndi ayodini pafupifupi 100 nthawi zambiri kuposa ng'ombe. Chifukwa chake mu 100 g ya crustacean iyi imakhala ndi chizolowezi cha chinthuchi ndi 2,5 ya potaziyamu. Kudya magalamu 200 a nsomba zam'madzi patsiku, mutha kubwezeretsa zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku zamthupi la munthu zamkuwa.
Shrimp zatsopano ndizopanda kalori: zimakhalapo 73-107 kcal pa 100 g (zonse zimatengera mitundu). Zakudya zam'madzi za calorie zili pamlingo wofanana ndi mbatata, nsomba zamafuta ochepa, nthochi. Kuphika shrimp kumawonjezera zomwe zili mkati mwa calorie. Mitengo yophika yophika imakhala ndi pafupifupi 100 kcal, ndipo yokazinga kapena yophika imakhala yamphamvu kwambiri. Amatha kukhala chakudya chosagwirizana ndi omwe ali ndi matendawa chifukwa sakhala ogulitsa.
Gome 1. "The kapangidwe ka shrimp"
Mabizinesi aku Far East amalimbikitsa mwachangu shrimps pamsika wa Russia. Amagulitsidwa zonse mwachilengedwe komanso mawonekedwe oyenga. Mtengo wa shrimp zimasiyana kuchokera ku ma ruble 330 / kg mpaka ma ruble 500 / kg. Zimatengera kulongedza ndi kukula kwa shrimp yokha.
Nthawi zambiri amazigulitsa zophika kale ndi kuzizira, chifukwa amaziphika mwachindunji pachombo chosodza. Shrimp zotere zimadziwika "v / m". Mtundu wawo ndi wofiyira kapena malalanje. Samafunika kuti aziphika, koma amangosenda.
Mukamasankha shrimp, yang'anani zolembedwa zina "80/100", kapena "70/90". Manambalawa akuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa shrimp m'thumba lanu. Kudziwa kulemera kwa phukusili, ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa ngati anthu akuluakulu alipo kapena ochepa. Nthawi zina shrimp yogulidwa imakhala ndi chipolopolo chofewa kwambiri. Izi sizowopsa, adangozisonkhanitsa atatha kusungunuka.
Khalidwe
Pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa shrimp ndi yabwino kusunga m'madziwe owumba. Samasaka nsomba ndipo samatafuna mbewu, kuti azisungika pamodzi ndi nsomba zochepa. Nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zankhanza kwambiri zimawona mtundu wocheperako ngati chakudya.
Kuyang'anira gulu la nkhosa
Ngati musunga nsomba zonse ziwiri komanso zowonda pamodzi, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kuti ana awo asungidwa, koma m'malo mwake, mwachangu ndi mphutsi zidzadyedwa kwathunthu ndi nsomba.
Kuphatikiza pa shrimp yaying'ono yamadzi oyera m'masitolo a nyama, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza shrimp zazikulu. Mwachitsanzo, aku Nigerian (malongosoledwe awo patsamba lathu patsamba lolemba). Osadandaula mukamagula, popeza mkwiyo wawo umakhala wamtendere ngati wa mitundu ina. Komabe, monga mwa lamulo lililonse, pali zosankha zomwe mtundu wa Rosenberg kapena chameleon zimachokera.
Momwe angagwire nsombayi?
Ma crustaceans ndiwofunika, athanzi komanso zakudya zam'nyanja zabwino. Muli mavitamini ambiri, ma asidi ndi mchere (calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, ayodini, etc.). Zinthu zothandiza zomwe zili mmenemo zimakupatsani mwayi wolimbitsa thupi la munthu m'thupi la munthu ndikuwonjezera chitetezo chake. Choipa cha nyama ya shrimp ndizambiri zake cholesterol.
Chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo, amayamikiridwa ndi amiseche komanso okonda kusodza. Chifukwa chake, shrimp imagwidwa paliponse pamafakitale komanso ndi asodzi okonda kusodza. Omalizirawa amakonda kuti azingodya, koma azigulitsa m'misika komanso malo odyera.
Kusodza kwa Shrimp nthawi zambiri kumachitika madzulo kapena usiku. Ndikofunika kusankha magawo amitundu momwe amabwera, chifukwa m'malo ochepetsa mphamvu yosungira ndikothekera kuyika zikho kapena misampha. Zowotchera nsomba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito osati pazakudya zokha, komanso ngati nyambo kapena nyambo musodzi.
Asodzi ambiri asodzi m'magombe okha, komanso kuchokera kubwato. Ndipo njira yakale kwambiri yodziwira nsomba ku shrimp inali yotchuka ku Belgium ndipo idachitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mahatchi ophunzitsidwa bwino omwe amakokoka maukonde.
Habitat
Kuti mugwire akhwangwala ambiri, muyenera kudziwa komwe shrimp imakhala. Malo omwe amawakonda ndi omwe ali pansi pazakuya kuya kwa 0.6 mpaka 1.5 m, komwe kuli masango a algae. Ngati m'malo osankhidwa pali ma ebbs ndi otaya, ndiye kuti nthawi yanthawi yoyambira imayenera kudziwika, chifukwa Kutalika kwa maola ambiri kumadziwika kuti ndikoyenera kusodza.
Zida ndi njira za usodzi
Zida zazikulu ndi njira zophera nsomba za shrimp:
- Khoma la Shrimp (mayina ena - lomwe limakhomera khonde kapena shrimp), lomwe limakhala ndi mzere wazitsulo wokulirapo (osachepera 70 cm) kapena rectangle (aluminium, ndi zina zotero), lomwe chikwama chimafika mpaka 3-4 mamita kuchokera pa ukonde wabwino wopendekera, komanso chokhala cholimba amangomvera. Katunduyu amamangiriridwa pansi pa ukonde, ndipo kumbali - timitengo, komwe mumakoka ukondewo pansi, kupita kumadzi.
- Zisoti zimapanga mitundu iwiri (yakuzama ndi pansi), yomangidwa ndi zingwe mu kuchuluka kwa ma PC 4., Amapangidwa kuti azikoka kotero kuti chipangizocho chonse chimatambasulira pansi pazosungira munthu. Nthawi yomweyo, msodziyo amaimirira m'chiuno mwamadzi ndipo amakoka chigwacho kulowera kumtsinje.
- Nyali ikamakola ukonde kapena mbewa ndi nyambo kuti ikope chidwi cha okhala m'madzi, komanso zowunikira zowonjezera.
Misampha yakunyumba imakhala yotchuka kwambiri kusodzi kwa nsomba zazinkhanira mu Black Sea. Popanga shrimp muyenera zinthu zotsatirazi:
- ma nylon ma cell ndi cell 14 - chidutswa cha 1.5 × 1.5 m,
- waya wolimba wolimba - 3-4 m,
- waya woonda wopopera pulasitiki - 0,6 m,
- 4 m wa ulusi wa kapron (twine),
- choyandama (botolo la pulasitiki, ndi zina) ndi chingwe.
Choyamba, chidutswa cha mauna chimatengedwa ndikusoka ngati bomba lalikulu. Chigawo china cha kukula 15 × 30 cm chimapangidwanso chimodzimodzi kutalika kuti mulimbe. Chidutswa cha waya woonda chimadutsidwamo kuti chikhale cholowera ngati mphete. Mphepete mwa waya uyenera kupindika komanso kukhazikika.
Kenako waya wolumikizidwa umalowetsedwa m'maselowo ngati mpweya, womwe umasunga msomali m'mphete. Pambuyo pa 2−3 kutembenukira mkati ndi 1 kunja, malekezero ayenera kukhazikika kumiyeso yoyamba ndi yomaliza. Kenako bwalo umapezeka, ndiye kuti mbali zonse ziwiri za chitoliro chachikulu ziyenera kusokedwa kum mphete za waya pogwiritsa ntchito mapasa.
Pamapeto pakati pa mphete zapakati pamafunika kumangidwa ndi nyambo. Yoyandama imaphatikizidwanso pakati pa shrimp. Asodzi a Black Sea nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nyama yowola pang'ono ngati nyambo.
Msampha wosavuta wosavuta wopangidwa umapangidwa kuchokera ku botolo la pulasitiki (choyandama), kunyamula katundu, ndi chomera chotchedwa tumbleweed kapena tsache. Tchire zingapo ziyenera kumangidwa, chomira pansi, chomata pamwamba. Msampha uyenera kutsitsidwa ndikuzama kuya kwa 1 mita usiku. Maluwa amakwera kwambiri chonyowa. M'mawa chimangowagwetsera iwo mu ndowa yokonzedwa. Komabe, njira yachikale yotereyi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yolakwa ndipo itha kulipitsidwa.
Kukongoletsa kwa tank
Malo omwe crustaceans imakhalamo ayenera kukhala ndi zinyama zokwanira. Chosankha chabwino chimakhala mitundu yaying'ono komanso yocheperako, makamaka, maoss. Nthawi zambiri shrimp yobzalidwa:
- indern fern,
- cabomba
- kladofora,
- mollusk, etc.
Simuyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zomwe zikukula msanga komanso zazitali: zimafuna kudulira pafupipafupi, kudulira, kuthilira pafupipafupi, komanso kukonza kwambiri dimba lamadzi pansi panthaka, dothi limasunthidwa ndipo madzi amadzimadzi amatulutsidwa kulowa m'madzi, osaloledwa ndi anthu wamba.
Mutha kukongoletsa aquarium momwe mungafunire
Miyala yamchenga yomwe ili ndi mabowo ang'onoang'ono ambiri ndi ma niches ndi malo abwino okhala komanso zinthu zokongoletsera. Mahatchi omwe ali ndi phindu pamadzi samachepera pakufunika kwa izi., acidifying ndikufewetsa kudzera kumasulidwa kwa humates. Machitidwe omwewo amadziwika ndi masamba owuma a amondi a ku India, oak, beech. Kuphatikiza apo, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuyika zipolopolo za coconut ndi ma alder muma aquariums.
Ngati mutakhazikitsa bwino famu ya shrimp, ndikuikonzekeretsa ndikuidzaza ndi zinthu zofunika ndi zinthu, mutha kusangalala ndi kuswana kwa zokongoletsera zokongoletsera. Ndipo malingaliro osavuta angathandize kukhazikitsa malo abwino okhala ziweto za decapod.
Kodi amakhala kuti?
Ma Crapod crustaceans amakhala pafupifupi panyanja ya dziko lonse lapansi, ndipo ena adziwa madzi abwino kuti akhalepo. Miyeso ya shrimp wina wachikulire imafika masentimita atatu, koma pali omwe amafikira masentimita asanu ndi awiri.
Ambiri mwa shrimp amakhala m'mphepete mwa Japan, China, India, Southeast Asia. Amakhala ndi magazi okhathamira ndi magazi owazizira, anthu oyamba nthawi zonse amakhala akulu ndipo amawagwira m'madzi a Thailand, Brazil, China. Mbawala yam'madzi ozizira - ochepa kukula, amakhala kumpoto kwa nyanja, amakhulupirira kuti ndi abwino kuposa owoneka ngati magazi.
Malo abwino kwambiri osungira ma decapods - Pacific Ocean, apa adalenga zonse zofunikira pamoyo, motero zilumba za Somalia, Latin America, Brazil, Ecuador ndizodziwika bwino chifukwa cha shrimp yayikulu komanso yokoma.
Apa, migodi yakuzama panyanja ndipo imapangidwa pamakampani ogulitsa. Pano, nyama zomwe zimadyedwa zimapezedwa ndi kutentha ndi kuzizira nthawi yomweyo; zimakhulupirira kuti nyama zam'madzizi ndizambiri.
Belgium yatchuka chifukwa cha njira yakale yogwira crustaceans. Amakopa alendo kuti akhale maukonde, mabasiketi komanso mothandizidwa ndi akavalo.
Ndipo ku Russia, shrimp ikhoza kugwidwa ku Far East, kuno gombe limakondwera ndi mitundu pafupifupi 100 ya shrimp. Mitundu iwiri imakhala ku Black Sea, imodzi imakhala pamchenga, pansi, pomwe pali miyala ing'onoing'ono, yachiwiri pamalo amiyala, m'miyala yamiyala.
Shrimp yomwe imagwidwa pa Nyanja ya Azov imawerengedwa kuti ndi imodzi mwabwino kwambiri. Nyanja ya Baltic, Kumpoto, madzi a Transcaucasia ngakhalenso Mtsinje wa Amur ali ndi mapuloteni ena oyera, omwe ndi ochepa kukula, koma amakoma.
Onetsetsani kuti mwadziwa zambiri zam'mphepete mwa dziwe lanu. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yosodza ndi mafunde ochepa, wotchiyo ndi madzulo kapena usiku.
Chikumbutso chogwira makola a decapod
Mutha kugwira mollusk kuchokera pamalo alionse omwe mungafune - kuchokera m'bwatomo, pagombe, kuchokera pagombe, chikhalidwe chachikulu ndikuti radius yaukonde wanu ndiyofanana ndi kuya kwa malo omwe mukusodza. Lolani nthawi kuti ukondewo usamire pansi ndikuyamba kuukoka ndi chingwe.
Mukakoka ukondewo, chingwe chija chimakokedwa, ndikupita pachitsamba. Kokani ndikukumbukira kuti kuwonjezera pa shrimp, mupezanso zakudya zam'nyanja monga matope, mchenga ndi silika.
Posowa taya, ukonde kapena ukonde, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito poyizinga yoyambira, yomwe imagulitsidwa ku pharmacy. Pindani m'magawo angapo, mangani katundu wina kumapeto awiri, mutsike pansi, pafupi ndi gombe. Pitani zofananako ndi gombe ndikukoka "ukonde" wanu watsopano kwa mamiliyoni angapo. Kenako tuluka ndi kusangalala ndi kugwira.
Kudyetsa ndikusungidwa m'madzi wamba
Ngati shrimp ikukhala ndi nsomba ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzi, ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuyeretsa malo am'nyanja. Potere, pamaziko a chakudya cha crustaceans ndizotsalira za nsomba zam'madzi, zidutswa za mbewu, algae, mankhwala achilengedwe, zotayidwa za okhala pansi pamadzi ndi zinyalala zosiyanasiyana.
Ngakhale nsomba zakufa zimatha kukhala ngati chakudya. Komabe, akatswiri amalimbikitsabe kupewa izi ndikuchotsa nyama zakufa pamalo osungira m'nthawi yake. Mukasunga shrimp mu aquarium wamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mumawadyetsa nthawi ndi nthawi kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zochepa kuti musakhazikike m'nthaka.
Pazifukwa izi, sipinachi ndi masamba a letesi, zidutswa zazing'ono zamungu, zukini, nkhaka, zomwe kale zimakonzedwa m'madzi otentha, ndizabwino. Chowonadi ndi chakuti masamba awa samangokhala amodzi mwa machitidwe omwe amakonda kwambiri a shrimp, komanso amatha kukhala m'malo am'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali osawola, popanda kuwononga danga komanso ngakhale kusunga zinthu zawo zonse zopatsa thanzi.
Ngati, komabe, zotsalira za chakudya zikhazikitsidwa pansi pa chosungira, ndiye kuti ziyenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake komanso pafupifupi nthawi 1-2 mkati mwa sabata kuti muchepetse dothi (werengani zambiri za momwe mungatulutsire dothi molondola mu aquarium).
Kudyetsa nsomba
Pakadali pano, nsombayo idagawidwa m'malo mwa madongosolo, popeza iwo amatola chakudya chomwe nsomba sanadye. Kuphatikiza apo, amadya mwala bwino, womwe umakuliriridwa ndigalasi, ndi chikondwerero chachikulu chodyera masamba owonongeka ndi zinthu zina, kwinaku akuchita zosawoneka, koma zothandiza kwambiri kwa mwini wake. Ma shrimp sanyansidwa ndi nsomba zakufa, pomwe amatha kuthana ndi izi bwino komanso mwachangu kuposa nkhono. Komabe, tikupangira zonse zomwezo, ngakhale padziwe lanu laling'ono muli masamba ndi nkhono za nsomba zakufa zomwe zimachotsedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kumadzi kuti zisawononge madzi akawonongeka.
Mwachidule, zakudya za shrimp ndizosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa mfundo imodzi yofunika. Ngati azidyetsedwa mopitilira muyeso, amasiya ntchito zawo zonse monga oyeretsa, ndipo zotsalira zomwe sizimadyedwa ndi nsomba zidzayamba kuwola, zomwe zingayambitse kuwononga madzi komanso kuphwanya bwino kwachilengedwe.
Zomwe zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya za shrimp
Ma Shrimp ali osankha bwino pankhani yazakudya ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi amtengo wapatali. Amatha kuchita kwa nthawi yayitali osadyetsa zowonjezera, kudya zovunda, zophatikiza ndi zinthu zina, mbewu ndi tizilombo tamoyo tomwe tili m'madzi am'madzi. Gwero lalikulu la chakudya cha ma mollusks awa ndi mtundu wa kanema wopangidwa kuchokera ku tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri pamadzi a aquarium.
Pofuna kupanga zakudya zokongoletsa bwino komanso zopatsa thanzi, akatswiri amalimbikitsa nthawi ndi nthawi kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya chawo, mwachitsanzo:
- nsomba zam'madzi
- magawo a masamba abwino ndi zipatso,
- amadyera
- dzira lolira
- chakudya chouma ndi chowuma,
- daphnia, ma famu, magazi, ma mumamu ndi zakudya zina zambiri, zomwe ndizoyenera nsomba zambiri zam'madzi.
Zakudya ndi malamulo odyetsera shrimp zimadalira kuti nkhonozi zimasungidwa mu thanki ina kapena zimakhala mu dziwe lochita kupanga ndi anthu ena okhala m'madzimo. Koma mulimonsemo, kuyambitsa zakudya zowonjezera muzakudya za crustaceans sizikulimbikitsidwa nthawi zopitilira 2-3 mkati mwa sabata, popeza zolengedwa izi zimakonda kudya kwambiri, zomwe zimakhudza thanzi lawo, ntchito, kuthekera komanso kubereka kwa matenda ambiri.
Kuwala, mpweya wabwino komanso kutentha
Kuti mapangidwe olondola a nyengo komanso tsiku ndi tsiku azikhala mimbulu m'nyumba, ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala. Imafunikiranso ndi mbeu zomwe zimakhala ndi shrimp. Pachifukwa ichi, ndichizolowezi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera za LED kapena fluorescent.
Mphamvu zoyenera kutentha pa shrimp zimasiyana madigiri 23 mpaka 26, pachifukwa ichi, otenthetsa nthawi zambiri amaikidwa mu thanki yamadzi. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala ndi thermostat yomwe imasunga kutentha mu aquarium. M'chilimwe, madzi amatha kutentha ndi madigiri oposa 26-27. Wotchera amatha kuthetsa vutoli, lomwe, ngati kuli koyenera, limasinthidwa ndi wozizira wapadera.
Musaiwale za kuwunikira koyenera
Momwe matupi amadzi amachitikira
Shrimp Wamakala - Kumpotoamakonda madzi ozizira. Mtunduwu umatchedwa Okhotsk, chifukwa anthu ambiri amakhala mu Nyanja ya Okhotsk. Pali michira ya kaboni munyanja zina za Pacific Ocean, mwachitsanzo, munyanja ya Bering.
Oposa theka la crustaceans amasungidwa m'malo ochezera. Kuchulukana kwa shrimp ndikodabwitsa. M'mphindi 15 zausodzi wa nsomba zamtchire, matani 10 a crustaceans atha kupezeka. Trawl imagwiritsidwa ntchito potanthauza intaneti ngati thumba lotetezedwa ku zingwe zachitsulo zopangidwa ndi sitima.
Kugwiritsa ntchito malo mu nyanja Chigawo Chakum'mawa cha Farr imayang'ana kutentha kwa madzi. Kukonda ozizira, crustaceans amakhala pansi. Kutentha kumeneko kumachokera ku -1.7 mpaka +3.5 madigiri.
Ndikofunikira kuti mchira wa kona ukhalepo komanso zamakono. Ma shrimp amatenga komwe amakhala ofooka kapena mphepete mwa mitsinje yamphamvu. Poterepa, ma crustaceans amalimbikira m'munsi pansi. Chingwe sichimakonda mchere wokha, koma madzi amchere amchere. Dziwani kuti pakati pa mitundu 2000 ya shrimp, palinso ina yabwino.
Mtundu wa anglohaw wodzipatula ngati mtundu wina sunagawikidwe kukhala mitundu yaying'ono. Magulu onse a crustacean ali ndi mawonekedwe odziwika.
Kugwira ntchito yachilengedwe
Angelo am'madzi amatenga gawo lalikulu munyanja ndi nyanja zamchere. Mphutsi zake, kudya oimira plankton, iwonso amalowa mu mawonekedwe ake ndipo ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha nyama zam'madzi zambiri. Shrimp wamkulu ndi chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri cha cod ndi pollock. M'mimba za anthu akuluakulu, nthawi zina amapezeka 70 shrimp amadyedwa ndi iwo. Nsomba zakufa zimadya mitundu ina ya shrimp. Chikwangwanicho si chosasa. Amadya chakudya chatsopano komanso chopatsa mphamvu. Mwina ndichifukwa chake nyama yake imakoma kwambiri.
Mtengo wamunthu
Osakoma kokha, komanso thanzi laumunthu, chiwongoladzanja cha Anglo chimadziwika. Ndemanga za zakudya zonenepetsa zimangokhala zabwino. Ma saladi, tchizi zophika tchizi, zamitundu yonse zamitundu yakumbuyo zakonzedwa kuchokera pamenepo.
Nyama ya Shrimp imakhala ndi mavitamini (makamaka mavitamini E ambiri), kufufuza zinthu (zinc, potaziyamu, ayodini, calcium), mafuta a omega-3. Kudya nyama yam'madzi pafupipafupi ngati chakudya, mungathe kuchepetsa cholesterol "yoyipa" m'magazi, kukonza khungu, tsitsi, misomali, kusintha mtima, kuwonjezera chitetezo cha mthupi. Monga chakudya chamagulu, nyama yawo imaperekedwa kwa iwo omwe amafuna kuti achepetse thupi komanso akudwala matenda amtundu wa chithokomiro chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ayodini.
Gulitsa shrimp mwatsopano ndi mazira. Amagwidwa pakuya kwa mita 120 ndikugwiritsa ntchito trawl pansi.Ndi nyengo yabwino komanso zida zapamwamba zophera nsomba mu theka la ola, kupanga kungakhale kopitilira ton. Zombo zambiri za asodzi zokhala ndi shrimp zimakhala ndi mitengo yazing'ono-pang'ono kuzikonzera mbali zawo. Shrimp imaphika nthawi yomweyo, kukongoletsedwa, kusungidwa ndikusungidwa ndi mazira. Chifukwa chake, kugula zinthu zotere mu sitolo, mutha kukhala otsimikiza za zabwino zake.
Mawonekedwe a Shrimp
Kodi shrimp ili ndi miyendo ingati? Yankho likuwoneka pamtunda, koma osati miyendo yonse ya shrimp ndi miyendo. Mikono isanu yakumbuyo ya miyendo ya chifuwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda. M'mphepete mwa zifuwa muli awiriawiri, atatu omwe ndi nsagwada pakudya ndi kudziteteza. Mbali zina zisanu za miyendo ya chifuwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posuntha. Miyendo yomwe ili pamimba (pleopods) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusambira komanso kunyamula mazira. Miyendo yoyamba yaimuna idasandulika kukhala gawo lophatikizira. Kutalika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya shrimp kumatha kukhala kwa zaka 1-2 kwa shrimps zazing'ono komanso mpaka zaka 10 kwa shrimps zazitali zazitali.
Shrimp Amano wa Madzi oyera
Komwe shrimp imakhala
Shrimps amafalitsidwa kwambiri kunyanja, mitundu yambiri ilinso ndi madzi abwino. M'mayiko otentha muli mitundu yambiri ya mitundu. Ku Russia, shrimp amakhala ku Far East, komwe nyama zawo ndizoposa mitundu 100. Amapezeka ku Ukraine mu Azov ndi Black Seas.
Tiger shrimp
Kodi shrimp amadya chiyani?
Nthawi zambiri nsomba zam'madzi zotchedwa plankton, magawo a algae, ochepa invertebrates (mphutsi, ndi mphutsi), zimadyanso nsomba zakufa kale. Ma Shrimp amtundu wa Palaemon, nthawi zambiri Masrobrachium, ngati ali ndi njala, amatha kudya nsomba zazing'ono.
Coral shrimp
Adani achilengedwe mwachilengedwe
Achichepere ambiri amafa atakula, ndipo ochepa okha ndi omwe amakhalapobe mpaka atakula. Anangumi, shaki zam'madzi, ndi ma planktonivores ena amadyera tinthu tating'ono. Amakhalanso nyama zam'madzi zina, kuyambira nsomba zam'madzi mpaka ma mollusk, mbalame za m'madzi ndi zolengedwa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji ndi munthu
Nyama ya Shrimp ili ndi mapuloteni komanso ma amino acid ambiri. Monga zakudya zina zam'madzi, amakhala ndi ayodini wambiri. Muli mavitamini onse osungunuka a mafuta: K, A, E, D, mavitamini C (ascorbic acid), B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B9 (folic acid), PP (niacin), B-carotene. Nyumba yeniyeni yachilengedwe iyi ili ndi calcium, potaziyamu, sodium, magnesium, chitsulo, phosphorous, manganese, cobalt, mkuwa, molybdenum, fluorine, sulufufu, nthaka. Chokhacho chingabwezeretse zinthu zake zonse ndi zomwe zimakhala ndi cholesterol yambiri.
Mantis shrimp ilinso shrimp. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita 2!
Mu sayansi, palibe mtundu wa shrimp ya "mfumu"; ili ndi dzina wamba la zilembo zazikulu zonse. Mtundu waukulu kwambiri wa shirimpu wakuda, ndi wamtali masentimita 36 kutalika ndi magalamu 650.
Zoposa matani 3.5 miliyoni za shrimp zokwana $ 10 biliyoni zimagwidwa chaka chilichonse munyanja ndi nyanja. Kufufuza pansi kwa Shrimp kumawononga malo awo okhala mpaka zaka 40.
Kambuku wakuda
Gawo lalikulu kwambiri la shrimp lalikulu ndi lalikulu 30 sentimita limalimidwa pamafamu apadera. Chifukwa cha izi, madambo a mitengo yaminga ndi matanthwe a coral awonongedwa m'madzi otentha aku Asia. Shirimpulu womera amakhala ndi mankhwala monga urea ndi superphosphate. Ngati mafamuwa ali m'dera la m'madzi, mafunde amayenda munyanja.
Mwa njira, ofufuzawo adapeza mu mtundu wa shrimp bat 162 wa mitundu yaying'ono ya mankhwala omwe amalimbana ndi maanti 10 osiyana.
Shrimp Aquarium
Shrimp imapezekanso m'madzi am'madzi. Pali mitundu yambiri yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imatha kukhala m'malo opanga ma aquarium. Shrimp ndi zina mwa zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri zomwe mumatha kuwonera kwa maola ambiri. Ma aquarium omwe amakhala nawo nthawi zonse amakhala odabwitsa komanso amakopa chidwi, komanso amafanana kwambiri ndi pansi pa nyanja kapena nyanja.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Red Shrimp
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa adani achilengedwe, kupulumuka kotsika kwa mphutsi ndi asodzi akhama, mawonekedwe amtunduwo ndi okhazikika ndipo palibe mantha kuti mitundu iyi ya crustaceans idzazimiririka. Ma Shrimp ali ndi chonde kwambiri, amatha kubwezeretsa anthu awo mwachangu - izi ndizomwe zimawapulumutsa kuti asawonongedwe kwathunthu.
Pali chiphunzitso chakuti shrimp imatha kuwongolera zokha:
- Ndi kukula kwawo kwakukulu ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya komwe kukubwera - ayamba kubweretsa ana nthawi zambiri,
- ndi kuponya kwakukulu - manambala amabalitsira kwambiri.
Ambiri mwa shrimp zazikulu kwambiri komanso zazikulu kwambiri, zomwe zimafikira masentimita 37 m'litali, zimamera m'mafamu a shrimp. Chifukwa cha machitidwe omwe amagwira ntchito pamafamu, osonyeza zakudya, nyama ya crustaceans iyi imadzazidwa ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Zithunzi zapamwamba kwambiri ndizomwe zakula mwachilengedwe m'madzi oyera, ozizira.
Chochititsa chidwi: M'chilimwe ndi nthawi ya masika, m'mphepete mwa Japan mumawala mumdima - izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owala am'mchenga omwe amakhala mumchenga ndipo amayamba kuonekera nthawi yayitali. Phokoso la kuwonekera kwa shrimp limatha kusokoneza kayendedwe ka ma samarine sonars - hydroacoustic imangomva yotchinga yopitilira phokoso.
Shirimp -amene imadyedwa mokhazikika, yowetedwa m'madzi am'madzi, koma ndikudziwa zochepa kwambiri za cholengedwa chodabwitsachi chomwe chimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri mwanyanja. Izi sizongopeka kapena zophatikizika muzakudya zotchuka, koma chiwalo chapadera chomwe chimadabwitsa komanso chosangalatsa ndi mawonekedwe ake.