Chipinda cha Hazel chimakhala ku Europe konse, koma nthawi zambiri chimafalikira kummwera chakumadzulo kwa Europe. Amapezekanso ku Asia Minor.
Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius)
Malo okhala malo okhala mzipinda za hazel.
Chipinda chogona cha Hazel chimakhala m'nkhalango zowuma, zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yazomera komanso zipatso za msondodzi, hazel, linden, buckthorn ndi mapulo. Nthawi zambiri, nyumba zopangira ma hazel zimabisala mumthunzi wa mitengo. Mtunduwu umapezekanso kumidzi yaku Britain.
Hazel dormouse pa nthambi ya mabulosi akutchire
Zizindikiro zakunja za chipinda chopanda chotupa cha hazel.
Hazel dormouse - yaying'ono kwambiri ku European dormouse. Kutalika kuyambira kumutu mpaka mchira kumafika 11.5 - 16.4 cm. Mchirawo ndi pafupifupi theka kutalika konse. Kulemera: 15 - 30 gr. Nyama zazing'ono zazing'onozi zimakhala ndi maso akulu akuda omwe amakhala pakati ndi auricles ang'onoang'ono, ozungulira. Mutu wake ndi wozungulira. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mchira wowoneka bwino kwambiri wamtundu wakuda pang'ono kuposa msana. Ubweya wake ndi wofewa, wowonda, koma wamfupi. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni kupita ku amber kumbali yakumbuyo. Mimba ndi yoyera. Khosi ndi chifuwa ndi loyera. Vibrissa - tsitsi lalifupi, lomwe lili m'matchalitchi. Tsitsi lirilonse limakutidwa kumapeto.
Mu dormouse ya achinyamata, mtundu wa ubweya suli wowala, makamaka imvi. Miyendo ya Sonya ndi yosinthika kwambiri komanso yoyenera kukwera. Pali mano makumi awiri. Mano a buccal a hazel dormouse ali ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
Hazel dormouse - nyama yokongola
Kubwezeretsanso kwa hazel dormouse.
Kuyambira kumapeto kwa Seputembala kapena koyambirira kwa Okutobala, nyumba yopanda matumba a Hazel hibernate.
Amuna ndi nyama zamtunda, ndipo mwina ali ndi mitala.
Chikazi chimabereka ana a 1-7. Amabereka ana masiku 22-25. Ana awiri amatha nthawi yanthawi. Kudyetsa mkaka kumatenga masiku 27-30. Ana ake amawoneka amaliseche, akhungu komanso osatha kuthandiza. Wamkazi amadya ndi kusangalatsa ana ake. Pakatha masiku 10, anawo amakhala ndi ubweya ndipo auricle amapangidwa. Ndipo ali ndi zaka 20 mpaka 20, ana aang'ono otchedwa hazel dormouse adakwera pamatanda, adadumphira pachisa, ndikutsatira amayi awo. Pakatha mwezi ndi theka, nyumba yaying'ono yodziyimira yokha imayamba kudziyimira pawokha, nthawi imeneyi imalemera magalamu khumi mpaka khumi ndi atatu. Mwachilengedwe, hazel dormouse amakhala zaka 3-4, ali mu ukapolo motalika - kuyambira 4 mpaka 6 zaka.
Chisa cha Hazel.
Chipinda chogona cha Hazel chimagona tsiku lonse chisa cha udzu ndipo chimalizika ndi malovu. Chisa chimakhala ndi masentimita 15, ndipo nyamayo imakwanira kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ya 2 metres kuchokera padziko lapansi. Zisa zam'madzi zimapangidwa ndi udzu, masamba ndi chomera fluff. Sony nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mabowo ndi m'maenje okumbamo, ngakhale okhala ndi nyumba zopangira mbalame. Chapakatikati, amapikisana malo okhalamo mbalame zazing'ono. Amangodzipangira okha pamwamba pa chisa kapena thunzi. Mbalame imatha kungothawira komwe ikupezeka.
Nyamazi zimakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yosanja: zipinda zodyeramo nyumbayo nthawi yozizira, ndi malo ogumirako a chilimwe momwe hazel dormouse amapuma pambuyo podyera usiku. Pumulani masana chisa chotseguka, chokhazikika chomwe chimabisala korona wa mitengo. Maonekedwe awo ndi osiyanasiyana: ozungulira, ozungulira kapena mawonekedwe ena. Zomangamanga ndi masamba, chomera chokhazikika komanso makungwa owala.
Hazel wodwala mutu kugona
Nyumba yanyumba: Zikhalidwe za makoswe
Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu iwiri yamitunduyi - nthaka ndi dormouse. Terrestrial ikufanana kwambiri ndi mbewa yomwe imadziwika ndi aliyense, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wofanana ndi gologolo. Ndipo iwo ndi ena amakhala bwino pafupi ndi munthu ngati atakhala malo abwino kwambiri. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira ukhondo m'khola: Sonya, ngakhale ali nyama zochepa kwambiri, amaipitsa nyumba zawo, ndipo izi, zimabweretsa fungo losasangalatsa mchipindacho.
Tsopano pang'ono pazama maonekedwe a nyama iyi:
Hazel dormouse (dzina lake lachiwiri ndi "lamatanda") ili ndi malaya ofiira, koma dormouse lapansi (lotchedwanso "alumali") ndi imvi kwathunthu, ndichifukwa chake amafanizidwa ndi agologolo ndi mbewa,
- Thupi la Sonya ndi lalitali masentimita 20, ndendende zomwezo zimawonedwa mchira (motsatana, mchira ndi thupi la nyamayo ndizofanana),
- Kulemera kwa Sony ndi pafupifupi magalamu 100,
- makutu a nyama atazunguliridwa.
Sonya ndi nyama yamadzulo, chifukwa amagona tsiku lonse. Nyama zotere sizikhala ndi nthawi yayitali - kuyambira zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu.
Ndizosangalatsa kwambiri kuwona kayendedwe ka Sonya m'mphepete mwa mitengo, chifukwa makoswe akewa ndi achikulire kwambiri ndipo amatha kudumpha mtunda wa 10 m.
Zokhudza machitidwe a hazel dormouse.
Nyama zachikulire sizisiya masamba awo. M'dzinja loyamba, achinyamata amasamukira, amasuntha mtunda pafupifupi 1 km, koma nthawi zambiri nthawi yozizira m'malo awo obadwira. Mu nthawi yakuswana, amuna nthawi zonse amakhala akusunthasuntha, chifukwa malo awo amadzaza ndi magawo a akazi. Ana achichepere amapeza gawo laulere ndikukhazikika.
Chipinda chogona cha Hazel chimakhala usiku wonse kufunafuna chakudya. Miyendo yawo yolimba imapangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta pakati pa nthambi. Kuzizira kumatenga mwezi wa Okutobala mpaka Epulo, pomwe kunja kumatentha pansi pa 16'a °. Chipinda chogona cha Hazel chimakhala nthawi yonseyi m'dzenje, pansi pa zinyalala kapena m'malo obisalamo nyama. Zisa za nyengo yozizira zimakhala ndi mabango, nthenga ndi udzu. Pa hibernation, kutentha kwa thupi kumatsikira mpaka 0,25 - 0,50 ° C. Hazel dormouse ndiyosungulumwa. Nyengo yakuswana, abambo amateteza nkhanza kudera lawo kwa amuna anzawo. Ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo yozizira, hibernation imayamba, nthawi yake imadalira nyengo nyengo. Chipinda chokonda kutentha cha hazel chimagwa mu stupor nthawi iliyonse kutentha. Atadzuka, amayamba kuswana.
Thanzi la hazel dormouse.
Hazel dormouse amawononga zipatso ndi mtedza, komanso kudya mbalame mazira, anapiye, tizilombo ndi mungu. Ma Hazelnuts ndi mankhwala omwe amakonda kwambiri nyama izi. Mtedza woyesedwa umasiyanitsidwa mosavuta ndi mabowo osalala, ozungulira omwe nyama izi zimasiyira chigobacho.
Malo ogona a Walnut amakhazikika pakudya mtedza masabata angapo asanachitike hibernation, koma osasunga chakudya nthawi yachisanu. Zakudya zamafuta ambiri sizabwino kwambiri m'chipinda chogona, popeza zimasowa cecum ndipo cellulose sigaya bwino. Amakonda zipatso ndi njere. Kuphatikiza pa mtedza, ma acorn, sitiroberi, mabulosi abwinobwino, lingonberry, rasipiberi, mabulosi akuda amapezeka muzakudya. Pakumapeto, nyama zimadya makungwa a nyama zazing'ono. Nthawi zina kudya zosiyanasiyana tizilombo. Kuti zitheke bwino nyengo yozizira, matalala a hazel amadziunjikira mafuta ochulukirapo, pomwe kulemera kwa thupi kum pafupifupi.
Udzu wambiri wa hazel dormouse.
Hazel dormouse amathandizira popukutira mbewu akamadya mungu. Amakhala msampha wa nkhandwe ndi nkhumba zamtchire.
Hazel wodwala mutu amakhala ndi mano a mwana
Mkhalidwe wosungidwa wa hazel dormouse.
Kuchuluka kwa zipinda za hazel zikucheperachepera kumpoto kwa masanjidwewo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala nkhalango. Kudutsa konsekonse, chiwerengero cha anthu ndi chochepa. Zamoyo zamtunduwu pakadali pano ndi zamtundu wochepetsedwa, koma zili ndi mndandanda wapadera ku CITES. M'magawo angapo, nyumba ya hazel ili m'ndandanda wazomwe zimapezeka.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Komwe mungagule nyama yotere
Hazel dormouse - osati nyama yachilendo, kuti mutha kugula kumsika uliwonse, komanso kumsika wa mbalame kapena kuchokera m'manja mwa obereketsa. Pa intaneti, nthawi zambiri mumatha kupeza zotsatsa kuchokera kwa anthu pazakugulitsa makenthedwe.
Mwa njira, pogula Sonya m'manja mwanu, muyenera kusamala: ndizotheka kuti munthuyu adagwidwa m'nkhalango, motero, pali ngozi yoti ikhoza kuluma mwiniwake ndikuyambitsa matenda.
Koma ngati mwana ali wamanyazi kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo sakhala wankhanza, kenako adabadwa kale mu ukapolo, ndipo izi zitha kupitilizidwa kuphunzitsidwa m'manja mwake.
Pafupifupi, muyenera kulipira ma ruble pafupifupi 1000 a Sonya.
Momwe mungasungire nyamayo kunyumba
Musanagule nyamayo yokha, muyenera kusamalira khomo lanyalo lisanayambike. Kwa Sonya, khungu la 100x200x50 masentimita kukula kwake ndi masikwerero, mashelufu ndi nyumba mkati mwake ndizabwino. Zingwe zitha kuyikidwanso kuti zing'onoting'ono zizitha kukwera, ndikuyenda.
Zingwe zozungulira zamagulu awa sizikhala zoyenera konse. Sonya amasungidwa bwino muyezo kapena wozungulira. Ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yayifupi komanso yokhala ndi zambiri zogwira ntchito yanyama.
Poyamba, hazel dormouse imachita mosamala kwambiri kunyumba yake yatsopano, ndipo izi ndizabwinobwino, chifukwa chake simuyenera kukwiya ndikuganiza kuti china chake chalakwika ndi nyamayo. Popita nthawi, imasinthana ndi khola, imayang'ana makwerero onse, imayang'ana nyumba ndi gudumu, pambuyo pake zimayamba moyo wokangalika womwe amazolowera. Chipinda chogona cha Hazel chimagwira ntchito mwachilengedwe, posachedwa chikuyamba kukwera zingwe, kutsika makwerero pansi, kenako ndikukwera pamwamba, ndipo uwu uzikhala masewera ake osangalatsa.
Chidwi: Musalole kuti nyamayo ichoke mu khola ndipo siyiyendetse mozungulira nyumba kapena nyumba. Awa ndimakoko okalamba kwambiri, motero zimakhala zovuta kuti awagwire, kuphatikiza apo, pali ngozi yayikulu kuti ogona amatha kukakamira kwinakwake, kuluma kanthu kapena kugwidwa ndi ziweto zina (mwachitsanzo, mphaka).
Makoswe a Hazel amadzimva kuti ali okha, komanso amatha kusungidwa awiriawiri. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti nyama zotere zomwe zimangokhala mu khola lomwelo zimatha kukhala awiriawiri kapena banja limodzi. Kudzala m'gawo limodzi awiriawiri kapena mabanja awiri okhala ndi makoswe ndiwofinya: chipinda chotsekera cha hazel sichingalole mpikisano ndipo chidzalimbana mpaka kalekale.
Izi makoko ndi prolific, motero, kuwapanga awiri, muyenera kukhala okonzekera ana okhazikika. Ngati palibe cholinga choweta dormouse, ndiye kuti aliyense azisungidwa mosiyana.
Sony - nyama sizabwino kwambiriChifukwa chake, kuwonjezera pa kutsuka zinyalala tsiku ndi tsiku, zidzakhala zofunikira kuyeretsa khola lonselo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kutsuka pansi, feeders, ndodo.
Kodi sony amadya chiyani?
Sony zakudya pafupifupi chosiyana ndi zakudya za makentedwe ena aliwonse, imakhala ndi zinthu monga:
mtedza
- mbewu
- zipatso za mitengo
- chipatso
- masamba
- Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono mwina ndife okhawo kusiyana ndi makoswe onse.
Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti chiweto chizikhala ndi madzi oyera komanso oyera, kotero kuti wothirayo azitsukidwa tsiku lililonse.
Tsiku lililonse ndikokwanira kuti Sonya adye pafupifupi 40 magalamu a chakudya, chifukwa chake nyama izi zimalephera kwathunthu kususuka ndi kulemera.
Kangapo pa sabata nyamayi imatha kuthandizidwa mosamalaMwachitsanzo:
- grey amakonda masamba wamba ndi zitsamba,
- mazira ofiira wamba amatha kukomera ku ginger wake wamatabwa.
Mawu pang'ono za kuswana makoswe
Nyama izi zimafika pa kutha msanga kwambiri, ndipo akangotsala mwezi umodzi amatha kuchepetsedwa. Amabereka ana kamodzi pachaka, ndipo nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika mchaka. Mimba yaikazi imatenga mwezi umodzi, kenako ana amabadwa mwa kuchuluka kwa zidutswa 10 pafupifupi. Popeza Sonya ndi nyama, nyama zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa mkaka wa m'mawere. Nthawi yodyetsa ndi milungu itatu, kenako ana olimba amapita kukadya chakudya. Pakatha sabata yodzidyetsa yokha, ana amakula ndipo nawonso amatha kubereka.
Ndizosangalatsa kuti makoko oterewa ndi omwe ali ndi udindo waukulu pakukula kwa ana awo, momwe si amayi okha komanso bambo amatenga nawo mbali. Chifukwa chake, banja lotere limatha kuonedwa kuti ndi lathunthu m'mbali zonse.
M'nyengo yozizira, nyama hibernate, ndichifukwa chake m'maselo muyenera kukhala ndi nyumba yaying'ono yofunda yokhala ndi utuchi komanso mafinya mkati. Komanso, khola lokha nthawi yachisanu liyenera kusamukira kuchipinda chofunda. Chifukwa chake, makoswe adzagona pafupifupi miyezi 3-4, kenako, nthawi yophukira, adzabweretsa kubadwa.
M'nthawi yam'mbuyo komanso pambuyo pobisalira, muyenera kulingalira mosamalitsa thanzi la nyamayo: iyenera kukhala yopatsa thanzi komanso yosamala.