1. Nyani ndi nyani wopendekera.
2. Nyani ndizoyambira kwambiri, zazitali kapena zazing'ono.
3. Malo omwe anyaniwa amakhala ku Africa, Southeast Asia ndi chilumba cha Arabia.
4. Zimapezekanso ku Europe - ku Iberian Peninsula ndi ku Gibraltar, komwe zimakonda kutumizidwa kuchokera kumayiko ena kenako ndikuzilandira, ndipo malo awa adakhala malo awo achilengedwe.
5. M banja banja la nyani 11 11 mitundu ndi mitundu 61 imasiyanitsidwa.
6. Nyani ali ndi masikono osiyanasiyana, ang'ono ndi ang'ono, koma izi zimatengera amtunduwo. Kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi masentimita 32 -110.
7. Mitu ya anyani imatha kukhala yayikulu kapena yaying'ono. Kutsogolo kwa mutu kumakhala kotakata. Mphuno ndizoyandikana, motero anyani amatchedwa anyani amphongo.
8. Mitundu yawo imakhala yakuda kwambiri, yabiriwira komanso yofiirira, koma imakhala yoyera komanso yachikaso.
9. Ubweya womwe umakhala mum anyani nthawi zambiri umakhala wowoneka bwino, wautali, koma wosakhala waukulu ngati wa anyani amisomayi. Ubweya umaphimba mbali zonse za thupi; umakhalanso pamchira. Palibe ubweya pankhope, miyendo, gawo la sayansi, ndipo nthawi zina pa chifuwa.
10.Khungu losasoka nthawi zambiri limakhala lofiira kapena lamtambo. Amakhala ndi mataya andaya.
11. nyani nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi "tsitsi" lalitali pamutu pawo; pamakhalanso "ndevu".
12. Ubongo wa anyaniwa umakhazikika bwino, umakhala ndi mizere ndi timiyendo.
13. Ali ndi malingaliro oyipa. Minofu ya nkhope imapangidwa bwino. Mimba ya nyani ndiyovuta.
14. Thupi limakulungidwa mosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu. Nyani zimatha kukhala zolemera komanso zopepuka.
15. Mchira ulibe mitundu yonse. Nyani ena alibe mchira, pomwe mitundu ina imakhala nayo. Kwa ena ndicitali, pomwe kwa ena chimakhala chachifupi: kuchokera masentimita awiri mpaka 106 sentimita.
16. Miyendo yakumbuyo ya nyani ndi yochepa pang'ono kuposa kutsogolo. Manja a anthu ndi ochepa kuposa mapazi awo. Chala chilichonse chimakhala ndi msomali. Zithupsa ndizosiyana ndi zina zonse, koma nyani wanenepa kwambiri alibe chala kapena chaching'ono.
17. M'manja mwawo muli mano 32, monga anthu. Chochititsa chidwi, mawonekedwe a mano ndiwofanana ndi mawonekedwe a munthu.
18. Anyani amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana: nkhokwe zam'madzi, nkhalango, malo amiyala ndi mapiri otseguka, amathanso kukwera mapiri.
19. M'mbuyomu ku Russia, anyani ankadziwika kuti amphaka kapena ma chchkodans.
20. Mitundu yosangalatsa: nyani Wolf, nyani Diana, nyani wofiyira.
21. Amphongo amphongo ndizochulukirapo kuposa zazikazi. M'mitundu yambiri, amuna ndi owala kuposa akazi.
22. M'moyo wonse, utoto umatha kusintha, nthawi yakubala mwaimuna, imakhala yodzala.
23. Mwa akazi pachifuwa pali gawo limodzi la nipples.
24. Pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya banja lanyani ndi anyani amitundu mitundu, ndiye kuti, anyaniwa amakhala moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.
25. Moyo wa anyaniwa ndiwadziko komanso amazungulira, ndiye kuti amakonda kuthera nthawi pamitengo komanso pansi.
26. nyani nthawi zambiri amaphatikizidwa m'magulu omwe angakhale ochulukirapo: kuchokera pa 50 mpaka 100 pa gulu limodzi. Potengera njira za abusa, gulu lililonse la anyani limakhala pamalo ena mumtengowo.
27. Usiku, nyani amabisala m'mapanga kapena pamitengo.
28. Nyani amatha kupanga mawu osiyanasiyana omwe amawathandiza kulankhulana.
Mitundu ya Marmoset capelin ya Steller
29. Nyani zimakonda kudya zakudya ndi zipatso, koma zimakhala nyani wopatsa chidwi.
30. Zakudya zawo zimaphatikizapo tizilombo, abuluzi, nkhono, akhwangwala, nyama zazing'ono, komanso mbalame. Ngati palibe chilichonse, ndiye kuti chamoyo chilichonse kapena zomera zopezeka m'nkhalangozi ndizoyenera kudya.
31. Mbidzi zimaswana chaka chonse.
32. M'nyengo yakukhwima, amuna amalimbirana mwamphamvu akazi.
33. Kukula kwa kugonana mwa iwo kumachitika zaka 3-5.
34. Mimba imatenga masiku 150-200. Akazi amabereka mwana wamodzi, wocheperako amakhala ndi ana awiri.
35. Amakhala kutchire osaposa zaka 30. Ali mu ukapolo, amatha kukhala ndi zaka 40.
36. Pa anyani ena, anthu akumaloko amasaka, popeza amagwiritsa ntchito nyama ya nyani pakudya, zikopa zawo amazikondanso
Nyani wobiriwira
37. Nyani wamkulu wamwamuna wabwinobwino amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 5, zazikazi zochepa. Mtunda wautali, mpaka 70, thupi limvekedwa korona wopanda mchira wautali - mkati mwa mita.
38. Anyani obiriwira ndi oyimira ang'ono a gulu loyambilira, omwe adatipatsa dzina chifukwa cha "chipewa" chobiriwira.
39. Nyani izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zinthu zingapo zosangalatsa: nkhope za anyaniwo ndi zakuda, ndipo zikhatho ndi miyendo yake ndi utoto wachikasu.
40. Thupi la nyama izi limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi la chikasu, chizungulire chokongoletsedwa ndi masharubu oyera ndi mawonekedwe azungu.
41. Maola ochepa patsiku, anyani obiriwira amakhala nthawi yodzisamalira: kusanthula ubweya wa tiziromboti, tizirombo ndi dothi.
42. M'mawonekedwe, nyama zotetezedwa zili ndi mivi lakuthwa bwino.
43. Ngakhale amakhala ndi zamiseche, nyani amakonda kudya pansi. Zomwe zakudya za anyaniwa zimabzala chakudya: udzu, njere, zipatso, mphukira zazing'ono zazomera. Nyama sizimanyoza tizilombo, nthawi zina, nyani imatha kuthana ndi kalulu.
44. Amphongo amphongo akafika paunyamata mchaka cha 5 cha moyo, atsogoleri amatenga ntchito za alonda: abusa ena onse akafuna chakudya pansi, yamphongoyo imalamulira gawo kuti liwachenjeze achibale pangozi.
45. Mkazi amatenga mwana wa ng'ombe mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri ndikuyidyetsa ndi mkaka wake kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Pakubwera miyezi isanu ndi umodzi pamene kamwana kamachita kudzipatula.
46. Osatalikirana, nsonga ya mchira wa mbewa imagwetsedwa. Ngati chiweto chikuchita mantha, mchirawo ukhazikika pansi, ndipo mbewa ikayamba kudalira "interlocutor" - nsonga ya mchira imakwera.
47. Atafika pa kutha msinkhu, ziwalo zamphongo zazimuna zimakhala ndi mtundu wowala bwino wamtambo, zomwe zimapangitsa mwamunayo kukhala wokongola kwambiri pakugonana koyenera.
48. Phokoso lomwe limalankhulidwa ndi anyani obiriwira ndilosiyanasiyana: anyani aakazi amalira pakawopsezedwa, amphongo amalira mokweza kuti athetse mikangano, akumayenda limodzi ndi nthabwala za anyani.
49. Nyani izi sizinali mwayi kuti zitha kukhala zonyamula kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a Marburg, kamene kamayambitsa matenda a hemorrhagic fever.
50. Nyani zobiriwira ndizosavuta kuyipanga; Kuthengo, nyani wobiriwira amakhala zaka 20, ali mu ukapolo - mpaka 45.
Nyani ine
1. zool. nyani wamtundu wa nyani wamtundu utali utali tating'onoting'ono, tokhala ndi moyo wambiri komanso kuyenda modabwitsa (Cercopithecus) representatives Omwe akuimira anthu am'derali: nyani, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mileme ndi chitetezo (ma mole, muskrat, ndi zina), ESBE / Geographical Distribution of Animal, 1890-1910 (yotchulidwa kuchokera ku Wikisource)
Kupanga Mapu Amodzi Kukhala Abwino Pamodzi
Moni! Dzina langa ndine Lampobot, ndine pulogalamu ya pakompyuta yomwe imathandizira kupanga Mapu a Mawu. Ndikudziwa kuwerengera, koma pakali pano sindikumvetsa momwe dziko lanu limagwirira ntchito. Ndithandizireni kuzindikira!
Zikomo! Ndidzaphunziranso kusiyanitsa pakati pa mawu ambiri ndi mawu apadera kwambiri.
Kodi tanthauzo la mawuwo limveka bwino bwanji Col(dzina):
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera
Nyani ndi za anyani osagwirizana, anyani amapatsidwa dongosolo, banja la nyani, gulu la nyani. Nyani amadziwika kuti ndi zolengedwa zogwirizana kwambiri ndi anthu. Chiphunzitso cha magwero awo ndi chisinthiko chinayamba zaka mazana ambiri zapitazo. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti DNA ya anthu ndi anyani ilinso ndi 80% yofanana. Kafukufuku wofufuza mwatsatanetsatane wa DNA adawonetsa kuti kusintha kwa anyani ndi anthu adasiyanitsidwa zaka 6.5 miliyoni zapitazo.
Malinga ndi asayansi, makolo oyamba kwambiri komanso akutali kwambiri a anyani amakono amapezeka padziko lapansi munthawi ya Cenozoic. Zinachitika zaka pafupifupi mamiliyoni 66 zapitazo. Nyani zoyambirira zinkangodya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mphutsi ndi mphutsi ndipo tinkakhala m'makona a mitengo yayitali. Akuluakulu akale amakono a anyani amakono anyani amatchedwa mandimu akale. Ndi omwe adapereka mitundu yambiri ya anyani.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Kodi mbewa zimawoneka bwanji?
Nyani amadziwika kuti ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono. Kutalika kwa matupi awo ndi kuyambira masentimita 30 mpaka 100. Mu nyama izi, khungu la kugonana limafotokozeredwa kwambiri. Amuna amakhala ndi zazikulu zazikulupo kuposa zazikazi. Kutengera ndi mtunduwo, ena mwa omwe akuimira akhoza kukhala ndi mchira wotalikirapo, wautali komanso wowonda, pomwe ena alibe. Kutalika kwa mchira mumtundu wina kumapitilira kutalika kwa thupi lake ndikufika mita imodzi kapena kupitilira.
Mangani zimatengera mtundu wake. Itha kukhala yopyapyala komanso yotalikirapo, imatha kukhala yayikulu komanso yothinana. Kumbuyo kwa miyendo kumakhala kofupikirapo pang'ono kuposa kutsogolo. Iwo, monga anthu, ali ndi manja ang'ono kuposa mapazi. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti manja ake amapangidwa mwaluso ndipo anyaniwa amawanyamula ngati manja. Chala chilichonse cha burashi chimakhala ndi mbale ya msomali. Chala, monga mwa anthu, ndi chosiyana ndi wina aliyense. Amnyani amene ali ndi thupi lalikulu, lokhazikika, chala sichikulitsidwa kwambiri, kapena kulibeko kwathunthu.
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwa mutuwo zimatengera mitundu. Itha kukhala yaying'ono, kapena yayikulu, yotalika, yozungulira, kapena yopindika patali. Mbali yakutsogolo imakhala yotalikirana kwambiri, mphuno imakhala moyandikana. Maso amatha kukhala mozama, amatha kukhala akuluakulu komanso owonekera kwambiri.
M'mitundu yambiri ya anyani, malaya ndi amtali komanso opyapyala, koma osakhala akulu ngati mitundu ina ya nyani. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu waung'ono: imvi, bulauni, mtundu wobiriwira, buluu, wakuda, bulauni, ndi zina zambiri. Chovala chimaphimba pafupifupi thupi lonse, kupatula kumbuyo kwa mapazi, kutsogolo kwa mutu, ndi gawo la sayansi. M'mitundu ina, tsitsi limasowa m'chifuwa. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti anyaniwa ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi nsagwada ofanana ndi anthu. Ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana dzino, ndipo chiwerengero chawo ndi 32. Amphongo ali ndi ubongo wopangidwa bwino ndi mawonekedwe amimba.
Kodi nyaniyo amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Monkey Monkey
Nyani nthawi zambiri zimazolowera pafupifupi kukhala kulikonse.
Mwachilengedwe, amatha kukhala m'magawo osiyanasiyana.:
Malo okhala anyaniwa ndi dera la ku Africa, kupatula ku Madagascar, dera lapakati komanso kumwera kwa North ndi South America, komanso Australia.
Nyani amakonda kulumikizana m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Gulu lililonse limakhala momwe limakhalira. Amakhala moyo wongokhala, ndipo ambiri amakhala kudera lomwelo. Pali magulu atatu a anyani: amtchire, omwe amakhala nthawi yayitali m'mitengo ndi m'makona a mitengo yayitali, komanso pamtunda, omwe amakhala pansi padziko lapansi. Palinso nyama yosakanikirana - imakhalapo chimodzimodzi panthambi za mitengo, komanso padziko lapansi.
Kuphatikiza pamtali wamtali, kufalitsa mitengo, mapanga, ma gorge, ndi malo ena obisika omwe amathandizira kubisala kwa zilombo komanso kubisa ana awo kwa iwo mpaka atakhala olimba komanso okonzeka kuchoka pogona ndi malo ogona.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe nyani amakhala. Tiwone zomwe amadya.
Kodi nyaniyo amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Monkey pamtengo
Mwachilengedwe, anyani ndi amtundu wambiri kapena wowononga zitsamba. Zakudya zimatengera mtundu wa malo ndi malo okhala.
Zomwe zimagwira monga chakudya cha nyama:
- Zipatso zatsopano, zonona
- Mphukira zabwino za masamba obiriwira,
- masamba,
- mbewu
- inflorescence
- maluwa a mbewu
- mphutsi
- bowa
- mtedza
- tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Mitundu ina ya nyani imatha kudya nsikidzi, nyongolotsi, akangaude, mbozi, nyama zapamwamba zazing'ono, madzi abwino, abuluzi, chameleon, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala oimira mabungwe ena omwe amadya mbalame zazing'ono, amatha kumwa mazira awo. Nyani mwina sapita kumalo othirira, chifukwa kufunikira kwa madzi kumadzaza ndi mitundu yazomera zobiriwira komanso zipatso zakupsa za mitengo yazipatso.
Chakudya cha mbewa nthawi zambiri chimang'ambika ndi kutsogolo ndikugwiritsa ntchito ngati manja. Chomera chakudyacho m'mabizinesi ena ndi 30-30% yokha ya chakudya chatsiku ndi tsiku. Chakudya chotsalazo chimadzazidwanso ndi mapuloteni, chakudya chanyama. M'madera ena kumene kumakhala mvula, zakudya zam'mera ndizovuta kupeza. Munthawi imeneyi, m'nkhalango, ma savannah, zipatso, zipatso ndi mtedza sizikupezeka. Ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha mitundu ya herbivorous ndi mbewu. Pafupifupi, zakudya za tsiku lililonse za munthu wamkulu zimachokera ku kilogalamu imodzi mpaka itatu ya chakudya.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Mwachilengedwe, anyani ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi ubongo wopanga bwino kwambiri, womwe umawonjezera mwayi wawo wopulumuka ndikukulolani kuti muzolowere kukhala kulikonse. Komanso, kuyambira kubadwa amakhala ndi fungo labwino.
Khalidwe la anyani ang'ono ndi ochezeka komanso ochezeka. Mwachilengedwe, amapatsidwa chidwi chofuna kudziwa zinthu. Khalidwe la mitundu yambiri imakhala yosakanikirana: yapadziko lapansi komanso yopanda tanthauzo. Ambiri mwa oimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi anyani amtundu wakudya. Usiku, amapuma. Nyani, monga mitundu ina yonse ya anyani, sizachilendo kukhala moyo wawekha. Amakhala pagulu. Chiwerengero cha anthu amodzi pagulu limodzi chitha kukhala chosiyana: Kuchokera pa 10 mpaka 30 anthu. Ena, makamaka magulu akuluakulu amakhala pafupifupi anthu 100 kapena kuposapo. Mu gulu lirilonse mumakhala munthu wamwamuna yemwe amachita ntchito za mtsogoleri, mtsogoleri.
Nyani monga mwachilengedwe ali odekha, ochezeka komanso osakonda kuchitira anzawo nkhanza kapena mitundu ina ya nyama. Chosiyana ndi nthawi yobala, pomwe abambo amalimbana ndi wina ndi mzake kuti akhale ndi ufulu woyimira mnzake wamkazi.
Masana, nyama nthawi zambiri zimapeza chakudya chawo. Wina aliyense amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali kuti azikonzerana. Chifukwa chake, amachotsa majeremusi ndikuwasunga chovalacho. Usiku, nyani nthawi zambiri amapuma. Usiku, nthawi zambiri amakonzedwa m'mapanga, m'miyala kapena m'miyala yamapiri, ndi nduwira za nthambi za mitengo.
Monga njira yolumikizirana wina ndi mnzake, anyaniwo amapanga mawu osiyanasiyana. Ndi thandizo lawo, anyani amachenjeza achibale za ngozi zomwe zingachitike, kuyimbirana wina ndi mnzake thandizo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mawonekedwe amtundu wa nyani ndi osiyanasiyana.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Mwana Monkey
Nyani zazikazi zimathanso kutha msinkhu pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Mwa oimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana, m'badwo uno ungasiyane. Nthawi yakukhwima nthawi zambiri samangokhala nyengo iliyonse ndipo imatha kuchitika chaka chonse. Komabe, ma subspecies ena amatha kupangika kanthawi kochepa, kutengera nyengo yachilengedwe.
Ufulu wolenga banja ndi wamkazi womwe umakonda umaperekedwa kwa wamwamuna wamphamvu kwambiri komanso wodziwa zambiri. Nthawi zina amuna amapikisana pakati pawo kuti akhale ndi ufulu wopanga banja. Wamphongo nthawi zonse amayang'anira bwenzi lomwe lingakhalepo. Wakhala akumuyang'ana kwakanthawi. Ngati amamukonda, ndipo ali wokonzeka kuvala naye, amang'amba chovala chake. Ichi ndiye chiyambi cha ubale.
Pambuyo mating, mimba imachitika. Zimakhala pafupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Nthawi zambiri, mwana mmodzi amabadwa, kawiri kawiri. Oimira ambiri amtunduwu amabweretsa ana kamodzi pazaka ziwiri.
Nthawi zambiri kubereka kumachitika usiku. Amuna wamba amabereka mitengo, matanga, kapena ma gorges.Mwanayo akangobadwa, amayamba kumangirira chovala chamayi ndi zala khumi. Amugwira ndi mchira wake. Ana amabadwa opanda mphamvu komanso osathandiza. Miyezi yoyambirira ya moyo wa mkazi amakhala nthawi yayitali komanso wolimba kusamalira ana awo. Nthawi yodyetsa mkaka wa m'mawere imatha pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Ana akakhala ndi mphamvu pang'ono, amaphunzira kunyoza ndipo amakwerera msanga amayi awo. Pambuyo pa izi, pang'onopang'ono zazikazi zimayenda nawo kwa maulendo afupikitsafupi. Ng'ombe zikamakula ndikulimba, azimayi omwe ali nawo kumbuyo kwawo akuwaphunzitsa momwe angapangire ndikapeza chakudya, ndikuwaphunzitsanso luso lodzisungira. Amayi amatha nthawi yochulukirapo kuphunzitsa ana kukhazikika, kukwera liwiro, kulankhulana ndi abale.
Akafika paunyamata, amasiya mabanja awo ndikukhala ndi moyo wodzipatula. Nthawi yayitali yokhala moyo wachilengedwe ndi zaka 16-20.
Adani achilengedwe a Monkey
Chithunzi: Kodi mbewa zimawoneka bwanji?
Nyani ali ndi adani angapo mdera lawo. Kutha kukwera pamitengo yayitali kumawathandiza kuti akhale ndi moyo, kuwonjezera apo, amatha kukwera nthawi yayitali kwambiri, ndipo amadziwika ndi kukhulupirika.
Kwa adani kuphatikiza:
Kwa adani a nyani akhoza kutchulidwa kuti ndi munthu. Zochita zake zimangowononga nyumba zawo. Munthu amadula nkhandwe, ndikuwononga ndikuwonongera zachilengedwe zomwe nyani amakhala. Kukhazikika kwa magawo atsopano kumathandizira kuchepetsa ndi kuperewera kwa chakudya, zomwe zimawonongeranso kuchuluka kwa zinyama.
Mwachilengedwe, anyani ali ndi chidwi komanso cha chidwi. Izi zimawavulaza. Nyani zimatha kugwira njoka yowopsa, kapena kangaude wakupha, yemwe kuluma kwake nthawi zambiri kumapha nyama zazing'ono. Nyani amasamaliranso nyengo zakusintha kwanyengo komanso kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Monkey Monkey
Mpaka pano, kuchuluka kwa anyani m'malo achilengedwe sikubweretsa nkhawa. Kale, mafuko a anthu akumayiko aku Africa ambiri adawononga anyani. Amadziwika kuti amanyamula matenda opatsirana owopsa, komanso adavulaza kwambiri minda yamalimi.
Nyani ankakonda kudya mizu, mbewu, zipatso za mitengo yazipatso, mphukira zazing'ono zamitundu mitundu. Mitundu yambiri idadya nyama ya nyama izi.
Chochititsa chidwi: Anthu ambiri ku Africa adagwiritsa ntchito nyani ngati osamalira nyumba. Anawaphunzitsa ndikuphunzitsa luso lopanga nthochi kapena coconuts.
Komabe, ngakhale izi zidali choncho, kuchuluka kwa anyani sikudakhudzidwe kwambiri, ndipo kuli ponseponse chifukwa chilengedwe chimatha kusintha njira zatsopano. Masamba ambiri amapezeka m'mapaki ndi malo osungirako anthu. Nyani - Ichi ndi nyama yosangalatsa, yamoyo komanso yosangalatsa kucheza. Ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa ndikusangalala kulankhulana ndi anthu.
(Allenopithecus nigroviridis)
Kugawidwa ku Central Africa: kumadzulo chakumadzulo kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, kum'mawa kwa dziko la Kongo ndi kumwera chakummaawa kwa Cameroon. Imakhala nthawi zambiri kusefukira kwa nkhalango zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, zoyambilira, zachiwiri ndi zojambula zam'makomo a Congo Basin.
Monkey Allen ndi nyani wakuthengo wokhala ndi miyendo yayifupi, koma yolimba. Masaya ndi aubweya kwambiri (tsitsi lawo limakhala lalitali ndipo limafanana ndi mkango wa mkango). Chovala chimakhala chofewa komanso chofiyira. Manja afupikitsa (poyerekeza ndi nyani wina). Nkhope yake sinavule. Pakati pa zala ndi zala pali ma membala ang'onoang'ono omwe akusonyeza moyo wamadzi pang'ono. Chimanga cha sayansi chimapangidwa bwino. Amayi a dimorphism amanenedwa - amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi. Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumunsi kwa mchira mwa amuna ndi masentimita 45-60, ndipo kutalika kwa mchira kumakhala pafupifupi 50 cm.
Amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amasambira bwino, kuyenda pansi, kuthawa adani. Kulankhulana pakati pawo, nyani nthawi zambiri amasangalala. Amapumula ndi kugona pafupi ndi madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito malo kupumula kopitilira kamodzi. Othandatirana amasamalirana wina ndi mnzake (chotsani khungu lakufa ndi majeremusi), polimbikitsa ubale pakati pawo. Pansi amayenda miyendo inayi. Nyani ali ndi nzeru komanso chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri. Amadyera pamtunda komanso pamadzi osaya. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi masamba, zipatso, maluwa (ndi timadzi tokoma), mizu ndi nyama zazing'ono (nsomba zazing'ono ndi ma invertebrates: kafadala, mphutsi). Nawonso anyaniwa nthawi zambiri amakhala akuwombedwa ndi chiwombankhanga chodziwika bwino, njoka ndi ma bonobos.
Ana a anyani a Allen amakhala m'magulu a anthu 23-57 omwe ali ndi amuna achikulire angapo. Mukamadyetsa gawolo amagawika m'magulu angapo (anthu 2-6). Kulankhulana ndi mamembala a gulu limodzi, nyani wa Allen amapanga mawu osokoneza. Kupereka moni kapena kupeza anthu a magulu ena, amapemphera mokweza kwambiri. Nyama ikamayandikira, imalira.
Izi ndi nyama zamitala. Peak ya kubadwa kwa ana imachitika mu June. Yaikazi imabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi wolemera mpaka magalamu 220. Kuchepetsa kumatenga mpaka miyezi 2 mpaka 2,5. Nthawi yonseyi, ana atapendekera amayi awo, akumamatirira ku chovala chake. Amafika pa msinkhu wazaka 3-5. Chiyembekezo chamoyo m'chilengedwe ndichilengedwe mpaka zaka 20.
(Erythrocebus patas)
Adagawidwa kumwera kwa Sahara, kuyambira kumadzulo kwa Senegal kupita kum'mawa mpaka kumawa kwa Ethiopia. Kummwera, gawoli limangokhala nkhalango za equator. Amakhala m'matanthwe opanda matchire komanso malo obisika.
Kutalika kwa amuna ndi 58-75 masentimita, kutalika kwa mchira ndi 62-74 masentimita, ndipo akulemera makilogalamu 7.5-12,5. Akazi amakhala pafupifupi owirikiza kawiri kuposa amuna. Miyendo yonse ndi yayitali, ma fangayi ndi akulu kwambiri. Mankhusu ali ndi chopondera, monga cha ma macaques, okhala ndi mafangasi olimba. Thupi ndi laling'ono, ngati nyani. Tsitsi la achichepere ndi lofewa, loperewera, ndipo limakhala lozungulira, lameta lokalamba. Mtundu wake kumtunda wakumbuyo umakhala wofiyira, kumunsi thupi - pinki. Tsitsi lofiirira limapangidwa nthawi zonse. Pamwamba pa maso pali chingwe chakuda chomwe chimakula mpaka makutu. Masharubu amakapangidwa muzogonana zonse ziwiri, mwa akulu ndi oyera, ndipo mwa ana ndi akuda. Mphuno imatuluka. Manja ndi miyendo ya mawisi ndi yayitali, koma zala zake ndi zazifupi, makamaka zithupsa. Pokhala zinyama zapamtunda, ma hussars amatha kusinthidwa bwino kuthamanga miyendo inayi, amatha kufulumira kuthamanga mpaka 55 km / h. Koma amathanso kukwera miyala kapena mitengo yokhazikika yomwe amakhala. Matendawa amathanso kuwonekera pamiyendo iwiri munthawi yamavuto, pamene atuluka mwamantha kuchokera ku udzu wawutali kapena atanyamula chakudya kutsogolo kwawo. Mchirawo umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyimilira ngati mwendo wachitatu womwe mankhwalawo amapuma.
Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi nyama zamtunda, zosungidwa pakati pa anthu 5 mpaka 74, kuphatikiza amuna achikulire komanso apamwamba, zazikazi zingapo ndi ana amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Pali zitsamba zokhala amuna okhaokha. Wamphongo nthawi zonse amakhala patsogolo pa gulu lankhosa ndipo limagwira ntchito yolondera. Nthawi zina amuna amachoka pagululi, ndipo imodzi ya akazi "imatsogolera" gulu, koma nthawi zonse amalumikizana ndi yamphongo. Chosangalatsa cha ma hussars ndichizolowezi, ndichisangalalo champhamvu, kudumpha kuchokera kumalo kupita kwina. Mbidzi ndi nyama zamantha komanso zamanyazi. Amakhala chete kwambiri, ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mawu a 4-5 okha polumikizirana. Akazi nthawi zambiri "amasaka" wina ndi mnzake kapena ana amuna. Hussars nthawi zambiri amagona m'mitengo, koma osakhala ndi malo ogona. Masana, posaka chakudya, mamembala a gulu la ng'ombe nthawi zambiri amabalalika, koma mwanjira yoti amawonana nthawi zonse. Chakudya cha ma hussars ndi osiyanasiyana - udzu, zipatso za mitengo, njere, tizilombo, abuluzi, mbalame ndi mazira awo, uchi.
(Chlorocebus sabaeus)
Kugawidwa kuchokera ku Senegal ndi Guinea-Bissau kum'mawa kupita ku Central Ghana ndi Burkina Faso. Adabweretsa ku zilumba za Saint Kitts ndi Nevis, Barbados ndi Cape Verde. Nyaniwa amakhala m'nkhalango zamtundu wosiyanasiyana, amakonda nkhalango zamvula, komabe, amakhalanso m'madambo owuma omwe ali ndi chitsamba chaminga. Kupyola "nkhalango" zam'mphepete mwa mitsinje zodutsa zigwa zimalowa m'malo a savannah ndipo ngakhale kumadambo akumwera. Malo okondedwa ali pafupi ndi mitsinje, pomwe amathawira mumiyala yamkuyu ndi mitengo ina yayikulu. Zimapezekanso kumapiri a Etiopia pamtunda wa mamita 1000-2000 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumunsi kwa mchira mwa amuna ndi 4.2-6 masentimita, mwa akazi - masentimita 3-4.4 Kutalika kwa mchirawo ndi 30-48 masentimita. Unyinji wa amuna ndi pafupifupi 3.9 kg, ndipo kwa akazi 3.4–4 5.3 kg Amuna awiri onse awiriwa amakhala ndi maonekedwe owongola.
Amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amakhala usiku pa nthambi za mitengo kapena tchire. Imayenda pamiyendo inayi, yonse pamitengo komanso pansi, ndipo imatha kupita kuchilonda pangozi, ndipo nthawi zina imalumphira pamtengo. Amadyetsa zipatso ndi njere za mitengo, masamba, komanso tizilombo, mbalame zazing'ono ndi mazira, nthawi zambiri pansi. Mwachilengedwe, anyani nthawi zina amawononga zokolola, zipatso za mitengo ya zipatso ndi minda, zomwe zimalimbikitsa alimi am'deralo kuzisaka.
M'magulu am'banja mungakhale anthu 5 kapena 76. Akazi amamatira limodzi, amuna amakhala moyo wobalalika. Atafika pa kutha msinkhu (maliseche amakhala ndi mtundu wamtundu), amuna amachotsedwa pagululo. Zachikazi zazikazi zimayamwa m khola momwe mwana wamkazi amalandirira gawo la amayi. Anthu otsogola amakhala ndi zabwinozo podyetsa khosalo. Mgulu lankhosa, zazikazi zimakonda kulumikizana ndi abale opatsa thanzi. Amuna ndi akazi onse amatenga nawo gawo limodzi pakuteteza gawo. Achinyamata achimuna amatenga nawo mbali posamalira ana, koma amuna achikulire sakhalanso ndi chidwi ndi ana. Amayi amalola akazi ena kutola ana awo: Amphongo otsika omwe amapanikizika ndi mwana wamkazi wamwamuna wapamwamba, akuonetsa ulemu wawo.
Akazi amatha kutha msambo pofika zaka zinayi, abambo azaka 5. Chiyembekezo cha moyo: m'chilengedwe mpaka zaka 20, ali mu ukapolo - kufikira zaka 45.
(Chlorocebus aethiops)
Kugawidwa ku Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea ndi Ethiopia. Malo okhala anyaniwa ndi asvannah.
Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumunsi kwa mchira kuli pafupifupi 46 cm mwa amuna ndi masentimita 42 mwa akazi. Kutalika kwa mchira ndi masentimita 30-50. Kulemera kwa thupi kumasiya makilogalamu 3.4-8, zazikazi ndizopepuka kuposa amuna. Khungu la nkhope limakhala lakuda, pamasaya pali tsitsi loyera, kumbuyo ndi mbali yakunja ya miyendoyo ndi utoto wa azitona, mbali zamkati mwathupi ndizoyera.
Mimba imatenga miyezi 2-3. Mwana wamwamuna mmodzi yekhayo amabadwa. Miyezi yoyambilira, khandalo ndi losiyana ndi mayi. Pakatha miyezi 6, amasiya kudya mkaka ndikusinthana ndi chakudya cholimba.
(Chlorocebus pygerythrus)
Vervetki ndizofala kumadera ambiri ku South ndi East Africa, kuyambira ku Ethiopia, Somalia, komanso kum'mwera kwambiri kwa Sudan kupita ku South Africa. Amasiya kupezeka kumadzulo kwa East African Rift kapena Mtsinje wa Luangwa. Vervetki yoyambitsidwa ndi anthu imapezeka pa ma Antilles ena, mwachitsanzo, kuzilumba za Barbados, Nevis ndi St. Kitts. Vervetki imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, malo osefukira, nkhalango komanso mapiri mpaka 4000 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Amatha kuzolowera moyo wam'madera ngakhale okhala ndi masamba ochepa kwambiri, kuphatikiza madera olimidwa, ndipo nthawi zina amasintha kukhala kumidzi ndi matauni.
Vervetka ali ndi chopondera chakuda chomwe chimakhala ndi tsitsi loyera, pomwe mawonekedwe amtundu wathunthu amakhala amvi. Amuna ambiri amadziwika ndi mtundu wawo wamtundu wa buluu komanso cholembera chofiira. Mtundu uwu umawonetsera kutalika kwa kugonana, amuna ndi akulu kwambiri m'litali ndi kutalika kwa thupi. Amuna achikulire amalemera kuyambira 3,9 mpaka 8 kg ndipo amakhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 42-60, kuchokera pamwamba pamutu mpaka kumunsi kwa mchira. Akazi achikulire amalemera kuyambira 3,4 mpaka 5.3 kg ndipo ndi 30-49 cm.
Vervetki amatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku komanso magulu ambiri, m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 72. Pali malo ena owonekeratu olamulira ndi kugonjera pakati pa anthu omwe ali mumpingowo.
Nyaniwa amapanga mawu apadera kuchenjeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya adani. Amagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana poona kambuku, njoka kapena chiwombankhanga. Zizindikiro zomveka izi zimawonedwa ndi akatswiri angapo amakhalidwe ngati mtundu wa protolanguage. Poyerekeza ndi zomwe zikuwoneka, ana a ana amtunduwu amakhala ndi tsogolo lomwe amapereka malangizowo, ndipo anyani akuluakulu amawoneka kuti akumulimbikitsa ngati mwanayo aberekanso mawuwo mobwerezabwereza kulira kwawo. Amayi, malinga ndi akatswiri azikhalidwe, adalangidwa popereka chizindikiro cholakwika.
Mu chakudya cha vervetki - mitundu yambiri ya zipatso, nkhuyu, masamba, mbewu ndi maluwa. Amadyanso mazira a mbalame ndi anapiye ang'onoang'ono, tizilombo (dzombe ndi chiswe). M'malo mwa anthu, ali okonzeka kudya mkate ndi mbewu zosiyanasiyana, makamaka chimanga.
(Chlorocebus cynosuros)
Nyani izi zimagawidwa kuchokera kum'mwera kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo kumwera kumpoto kwa Namibia ndi Zambia. Kumadzulo, mtunduwu umakhala ku banki yoyenera ya Mtsinje wa Luangwa. Imakhala m'matanthwe, m'matanthwe ndi m'nkhalango zamapiri pamtunda wamtunda wa 4500 m.
Mulbrook imatsogolera moyo wamasana. Amasungidwa ndi gulu kuchokera pa 6 mpaka 50 anthu. Khola lililonse lili ndi gawo lake, kukula kwake kumatengera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Ma Mulbrook ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa gulu.
(Cercopithecus diana)
Kugawidwa ku West Africa, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Atlantic kuchokera ku Sierra Leone kupita ku Cote d'Ivoire. Pamakhala nkhalango zoyambirira zotentha komanso malo owonetsera.
Kutalika kwa thupi la diana kumayambira 40 mpaka 55 masentimita, mchirawo umakhala ndi kutalika kwa 70 cm ndi awiri cm 3-4. Akuluakulu amalemera 4-7 kg. Chovalacho ndi chakuda kapena chakuda chakumaso, ndevu, khosi, chifuwa komanso mikwingwirima m'chiyero ndi choyera kapena chikasu chopepuka. Ntchafu yamkati ndi sacrum ndi lalanje kapena bulauni.
Khalani ndi moyo wamatchire. Diana amadya kwambiri zipatso ndi tizilombo, komanso maluwa, masamba achichepere, ndi ma invertebrates. Adani achilengedwe ndi chiwombankhanga chofundira ndi kambuku. Akhozanso kukhala achisopa. Nyani mukulira modabwitsa. Kambuku akafika, amasiyanitsa mawu ochenjeza, ndipo chiwombankhanga choveka korona chikuyandikira, zimasiyana.
Amakhala m'magulu a mtsogoleri wamkulu wamwamuna, wamkazi ndi ana ake. Kufikira kutha msinkhu (zaka 3) Amuna amachoka pagululi, akazi amakhalabe. Mimba imatenga miyezi isanu, chiyembekezo cha moyo ndichofika zaka 20.
(Cercopithecus roloway)
Yogawidwa ku West Africa, malo ake amapezeka pakati pa mitsinje Sassandra (Côte d'Ivoire) ndi Pra (Ghana).
Maonekedwe ndi kukula kwake amafanana kwambiri ndi nyani Dana, koma amasiyanasiyana ndevu zazitali.
Amakhala ndi moyo wamtengo. Imachitika m'magulu a anthu 15-30. Chakudyacho chimaphatikizapo zipatso, maluwa, mbewu ndi tizilombo tina osiyanasiyana.
(Cercopithecus nictitans)
Imagawidwa ndi malo awiri obalalika: yoyamba ili ku Liberia komanso kumadzulo kwa Côte d'Ivoire, yachiwiri imachokera kumwera kwa Nigeria kumwera chakum'mawa kupita ku Mtsinje wa Congo. Imapezekanso pachilumba cha Bioko. Amakhala m'mapiri komanso malo otentha, nyumba zamalonda ndi nkhalango zamangati.
Kulemera kwa thupi ndi 4.2-6.6 kg, amuna ndi akulu kuposa akazi.
Amatsogolera moyo wamtengo, pokhapokha nthawi zina, amatsikira pansi. Nyani zamtunduwu zimasungidwa m'magulu aimuna wamkulu, akazi angapo ndi ana awo. Kuyankhulana pakati pa mamembala am'magulu kumachitika mothandizidwa ndi ma siginito omveka.
(Cercopithecus petaurista)
Kugawidwa m'mphepete mwa gombe la West Africa: kuchokera ku Guinea-Bissau kumwera chakum'mawa kupita ku Togo. Anthu ena amakhala kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Senegal. Amakonda kukhazikika kumapiri owoneka bwino a nkhalango yamvula ndi nkhalango zowonera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje.
Kuchuluka kwa amuna akuluakulu ndi 4-8 kg, akazi - 4-5 kg. Imakhala ndi matumba omwe amasungirako zakudya.
Nyaniwa amakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Amadyetsa zipatso, komanso masamba, tizilombo ndi mphukira zachomera. Amakhala m'magulu akuluakulu a anthu 15-20 m'gawo lina. Banja limakhala laimuna, akazi angapo ndi ana awo.
(Cercopithecus mitis)
Kugawidwa kokha ku Western Angola.Chimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha nthawi zonse, ndimakonda malo okhala ndi madzi okhala pafupi ndi madzi ambiri. Imachitika pamalo okwera mamilimita 3800 pamwamba pa nyanja.
Anyani abuluu ndi anyani ang'onoang'ono olemera 4-8 kg. Nkhope imakhala yamaliseche, nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda, nthawi zina imakhala yabuluu, thupi limakhala ndi minofu yolimba. Nyaniwa amatchedwanso korona chifukwa cha mzere wa ubweya woyera yemwe amakula pamwamba pa nsidze ndipo amawongolera kutsogolo. Zovala zoyera zimapangidwa bwino mwa amuna. Kutalika kwa thupi kuyambira kumutu mpaka kumunsi kwa mchira ndi 50-65 masentimita. Amuna ndi akulu kuposa zazikazi, ndipo malembedwe awo amakula pang'ono. Mtundu wamba ndi imvi, miyendo imakhala yakuda. Mwa achinyamata, mawanga ofiira ofiira amawoneka, omwe samachitika mwa akulu.
Imatsogolera moyo wamitengo, ngakhale nthawi zina imatsikira pansi. Amakonda kukhazikika pamitengo yayitali, yomwe imakhala pogona ndi chakudya. Nyaniwa amakhala m'magulu a anthu 10 mpaka 40. Gulu lotere limakhala la amuna amodzi, akazi angapo ndi ana awo. Amuna, akatha msinkhu, achoka pagululo.
Yaikazi nthawi zambiri imabereka kamodzi pazaka ziwiri, nthawi yamvula ikadzayamba. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi isanu. Mwana amabadwa wokutidwa ndi ubweya ndi maso ake lotseguka. Nthawi ya mkaka wa m'mawere imatha pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika pazaka pafupifupi zitatu.
(Cercopithecus kandti)
Kugawidwa ku Central Africa: ku South-West Uganda, North-West Rwanda ndi kum'mawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo. Pamakhala nkhalango zamapiri a alpine.
M'mbuyomu, nyani uyu ankadziwika kuti ndi nyani wamtambo. Mosiyana ndi izi, imakhala ndi chovala chowala cha lalanje kumbuyo ndi mbali za thupi.
Chakudya chachikulu ndi masamba a bamboo ndi mphukira, koma nthawi zambiri amadya zipatso, maluwa ndi ma invertebrates osiyanasiyana. Amakhala ndi moyo watsiku limodzi, amakonzekera yekha pobisalira panthambi za nsuzi usiku. Nyani izi zimasungidwa m'magulu a anthu 4 mpaka 62. Khalani usiku m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a anthu anayi.
(Cercopithecus albogularis)
Kugawidwa kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Tanzania komanso pachilumba cha Zanzibar.
M'mbuyomu mudaganizira za mtundu wa nyani wamtambo. Chovalacho chili ndi imvi, mchira ndi miyendo imakhala yakuda. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kolala ya tsitsi loyera pakhosi ndi m'khosi. Choyera ndiyonso chibwano. Kulemera kwa thupi ndi pafupifupi 9 kg.
(Cercopithecus mona)
Kugawidwa ku West Africa: kuchokera ku South-Western Ghana kummawa kupita ku Eastern Cameroon, amapezekanso pachilumba cha Sao Tome. Adayambitsidwa kuzilumba zina za Pacific: Grenada, Saint Kitts ndi Nevis. Imakhala m'nkhalango zoyambirira komanso zam'madzi otentha, imapezeka m'malo otetezeka a mitengo yam'madzi, nkhalango zowonera, komanso m'mphepete mwa nkhalango.
Nyani za Mona ndi zazing'ono, zachisomo ndi manja ndi miyendo yayitali. Kutalika kwamunthu wamwamuna wamkulu ndi 41-63 cm, chachikazi ndi 37-45 masentimita, kutalika kwa mchira kwa amuna ndi 64-88 masentimita, mwa akazi ndi 53-65 masentimita, kulemera kwa thupi ndi 2.4-5.3 kg. Mchira, monga anyani ena onse, ndi wautali, wowongoka komanso wosasunthika, umagwira ngati chopondera ndikudumphira mumitengo. Nyani sangathe kumata nthambi ndi mchira ndikulendamira.
Nthawi yawo yambiri, monga mtundu wamtundu, amakhala nthawi yayitali pamakona amvula, pomwe iwo kulikonse amakonda kukhala pamwamba pamitengo, koma nthawi zambiri amatha kuwoneka akudyetsa pakati komanso pansi pamiyala yamtengo. Mona Monkey ndi mtundu wopatsa thanzi komanso wopanda chitetezo, gwero lalikulu la zakudya zomwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipatso ndi mphukira zazing'ono zam'madzi, mtedza, mbewu; ngati nkotheka, anyani amadya mitundu yonse ya tizilombo, uchi wamtchire, mazira a mbalame, nkhono ndi nyama zina. Komanso kuchuluka kwa tizilombo timene timadya kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa mitundu ina ya anyani. Amakhala ndimatumba omwe amatha kunyamula chakudya chomwe atola.
Mona Monkey - nthawi yamasana komanso anyani akale, nawonso amasambira abwino, amagwiritsa ntchito michira yawo ngati mkondo. Nyani amakonda kwambiri m'mawa kapena masanawa. Kuyenda maulendo awo amlengalenga mumakorona amitengo mwachangu, kugwiritsa ntchito mchira moyenera. Amadutsa m'nthambi, ndipo kukafika kumapeto kwa nthambiyo, amalumphira mumtengo wina. Landirani mosatekeseka miyendo yonse inayi mokhazikika. Komabe, zimadziwika kuti nthawi zina nyani samalumpha bwino, imagwera pansi kapena kulowa m'madzi. Izi sizimawavutitsa kwambiri - nthawi yomweyo amakwera pamtengo wapafupi kuti alumikizane ndi gulu lawo kachiwiri.
Monga anyani ena, polumikizana pakati pa anthu, anyani a Mona amagwiritsa ntchito kulankhulana kowoneka. Kuyankhulana mwachisawawa ndikubwezeretsa pagulu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito onse ngati cholimbikitsa kulumikizana pakati pa anthu ndi njira yoyera. Nyani zimasakaniza ubweya wa munthu wina, ndikuziyeretsa mosamala kuchokera ku zotsalira za khungu lakufa, zinthu zakunja ndi mitundu yonse ya majeremusi. Nyani zimakhala ndi ma alamu awiri akuluakulu. Liwu lomwe lingatulutsidwe ngati "khola" limatanthawuza kuti pali nyalugwe pafupi, ndipo mawu ofanana ndi chifuwa - "kuthyolako" akuchenjeza za momwe nyama yomwe ili ndi mbewa imayambira. Pakachitika ngozi, anyani a Mona nthawi zambiri amawuma ndikusasunthika pakati pa nthambi zamitengo ndi masamba mpaka chiwopsezo chidutsa.
Anyani a Mona amakhala m'magulu a 8 mpaka 35, nthawi zina mpaka anthu 50 (pafupifupi - 12). Gulu lotere nthawi zambiri limakhala la akazi okhwima, ana awo ndi amuna okhawo ogonana. Dera lokhalamo gulu nthawi zambiri limakhala pafupifupi ma5050 maekala. Koma, ngati gululi likukhala m'malo abwino komwe kuli chakudya chochuluka komanso chokwanira, ndizotheka kuphatikiza magulu angapo ndikukhalira limodzi pagulu lalikulu la amuna akuluakulu. Magulu akuluakulu a anyani nthawi zambiri amakhala osakhalitsa, omwe amapindulitsa pakuwona kwa mamembala ake onse kwa owopsa komanso zowopsa zina. Kukhalapo kwa magulu ophatikizana amuna kwathunthu kumadziwika, ngakhale kuli kochepa kukula ndipo kumangokhala anthu ochepa (nthawi zambiri abambo a 2-5).
Akazi, monga ambiri oyimira mtundu wa anyani, atalowa estrus, amawonetsa mwamunayo kukonzekera kwawo kutala, kuwonetsa malo awo obadwa nawo. Pafupifupi nthawi zonse, mkazi amayambitsa ukwati. Achinyamata amabadwa pambuyo pa miyezi 5.5-6 ya mimba nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Kubadwa kwa mkono umodzi (kawiri kawiri) nthawi zambiri kumachitika pakapita zaka ziwiri ndipo kumayang'aniridwa usiku pamtengo pomwe nyani agona. Ana ake amadya mkaka wa amayi pafupifupi miyezi 12, kenako amasinthana ndi chakudya chokhazikika. Kukhwima kwa amuna kumachitika pazaka zapakati pa 4-6, mwa akazi - 3-5 zaka. Ali kundende, anyani a Mona amakhala zaka 22-26.
(Cercopithecus campbelli)
Kugawidwa pagombe lakumadzulo kwa Africa: kuchokera ku Gambia ndi Senegal kupita ku Ghana.
Amadya zipatso, masamba ndi gummies. M'nkhalangomo amayenda miyendo inayi.
Nyaniwa amakhala m'magulu a anthu 8 mpaka 12. Ng'ombe imagawika m'magulu awiri: m'modzi wamkazi wokhala ndi ana, wina - amuna. Amakhala olimbana ndi omwe amaphwanya malire a tsamba lawo. Wamkazi amabadwa mwana wamphongo. Mwana wakhanda wakhanda amasamalidwa ndi akazi onse am'gulululi.
Mwa kulira kopitilira muyeso kumatha kudziwika kuti mawu achidule omwe achinyamata amakhala nawo amakopa chidwi cha akulu. Zowunikira zimatsimikizira kuwopseza, maso ali okhazikika pamtunda umodzi, nsidze zimakwezedwa, makutu atayika kumbuyo, khungu limatambasulidwa. Posonyeza kuopseza, anyani amatsegula pakamwa pake, mano atakulungidwa ndipo mutu umayamba. Nyani azilonjerana, akusisita nkhope zawo. Izi zimatsogolera masewera kapena masewera olimbitsa thupi.
(Cercopithecus pogonias)
Kugawidwa ku West Africa: pagawo pakati pa mitsinje ya Kros ndi Niger. Zimapezekanso pachilumba cha Bioko. Amakonzekera kukhazikika mumtambo wapamwamba wamvula yamvula.
Wamphongo amalemera pafupifupi 4.5 kg, wamkazi - 3 kg.
Zipatso ndi njere zimakonda chakudya cha mbewa, zomwe zimanyamula m'matumba. Invertebrates ndi achinyamata mphukira kuwonjezera chakudya.
Amakhala m'magulu a anthu 13-18, motsogozedwa ndi wamwamuna wamkulu, yemwe ndiye tate wa ana onse akazi. Amuna okulirapo nthawi zambiri amakangana ndi mtsogoleri; Kufuula kwa nyani ndi kochepa thupi, kubowola, ma buccal sacs kumathandizira phokoso, izi zimapangitsa anyani kuti azilankhula pamtunda wawutali.
(Cercopithecus wolfi)
Agawidwa mdera la Democratic Republic of the Congo: pakati pa mitsinje Congo ndi Sankuru. Pamakhala nkhalango zotentha.
Amuna a anyaniwa ali ndi zochulukirapo kuposa zazikazi (4.5 kg ndi 2.5 kg, motsatana).
Amadyetsa makamaka zipatso, ngakhale nthawi zambiri imadya tizilombo, mbewu ndi mphukira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Iwonso nthawi zambiri amagwera ndi mbalambwe ndi chiwombankhanga chovala chisoti chachifumu.
Khalani m'magulu okhala ndi amuna akulu achikazi ndi akazi angapo. Gulu lililonse lili ndi gawo lake. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mikangano pakati pa magulu. Nthawi yoweta anyaniwa imayamba kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka Disembala. Wamkazi amabweretsa kamwana kamodzi.
(Cercopithecus erythrogaster)
Kugawidwa ku West Africa: kumwera kwa Togo, Benin ndi Nigeria. Pamakhala nkhonya zamvula.
Unyinji wa amuna akuluakulu ndi 3.5-4,5 kg, akazi - 2-4 kg.
Nyaniwa nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 4-5, koma pakhala nthawi pamene adakumana m'magulu a anthu pafupifupi 30. Nthawi zina pamakhala abambo amodzi.
(Cercopithecus sclateri)
Agawidwa kumwera kwa Nigeria, m'malo ochepa pakati pa mitsinje ya Niger ndi Cross. Dera la malowa likuyerekeza pafupifupi 29,000 km 2. Pamakhala malo osungika osasunthika ndi nkhalango zam'mbali.
Akazi achikulire amakhala ndi thupi lolemera pafupifupi 2.5-3,5 kg, ndipo kulemera kwa amuna akuluakulu ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 3-4-4.
Nyani ya Scatter ndi mtundu wa zipatso zomwe zimadya zipatso. Zakudya zake sizikudziwika, koma kupatula zipatso, amadya zamtundu wina, komanso tizilombo ndi mphutsi zake. Amakhala ndi moyo wamasana. Imasuntha pamitengo mumayala ang'onoang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito miyendo yonse, imagonjetsa malo ang'onoang'ono amphepo pakati pa nthambi ndikudumpha. Pakulankhulana wina ndi mnzake amagwiritsa ntchito kulumikizana kowoneka bwino. Monga amphaka ena, kuyang'anitsitsa chinthu chomwe chili nacho chidwi ndi njira yankhanza. Mwakutero, nsidze zakwezedwa, khungu ndi khungu lotambasuka, makutu amakokedwa. Ndi zolinga zamwano, zimawonetsa ma cloves omwe ali ndi mawanga a peri-ocular, osiyanitsa kwambiri ndi mtundu wamtambo wowoneka bwino wa khungu la nkhope, pomwe pakamwa nthawi zambiri pamakhala lotseguka, ngakhale mano atatsekedwa ndi milomo. Chidwi cha nkhawa: milomo imakokedwa m'njira yoti mano aonekere, pomwe amakanikizidwa pamodzi. Kulumikizana mwachisawawa - Kudzikongoletsa pagulu, kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yolimbikitsira kuyanjana pakati pa anthu komanso ngati njira yaukhondo. Nyani amakonza ubweya wa munthu wina mosamala, ndikuyeretsa kuti ikhale yotsala ndi khungu lakufa, zinthu zakunja ndi mitundu yonse ya majeremusi. Zochepa ndizodziwika pakulankhula kwamtunduwu kwamtunduwu. Kufuula kotsika, komwe kumasindikizidwa ndi amuna achikulire ndi otsogola omwe amafunikira gulu lonse, akufotokozedwa.
Nyani ya Scatter ndi nyama yachikhalidwe yomwe imakhala m'magulu osakanikirana. Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa gulu ndi pafupi anthu 7. Ngakhale kukula kwa gululi kungafikire anthu 15 mpaka 30. Palibe nyengo yotchulidwa. Akazi, atalowa estrus, amawonetsa wamwamuna kukonzekera kwawo kukhwima. Ndi wamkazi yemwe nthawi zonse amakhala ngati woyamba wa ukwati. Pakukhwima, wamkazi amawonetsa mawonekedwe apadera, akuwonetsera pakamwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuyang'anitsitsa phewa lamphongo. Yaikazi imabereka dntngysh imodzi. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chazaka pafupifupi 20-25.
(Cercopithecus erythrotis)
Kugawidwa kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Nigeria komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Cameroon. Imapezekanso pachilumba cha Bioko. Pamakhala nkhalango zotentha komanso zodutsa nyengo yotentha.
Nyani wa Ruby-eared ndi wa anyani ang'ono kwambiri. Itha kuzindikirika mosavuta ndi zizindikiro izi: mphuno yofiyira njerwa, makutu ofiira, mchira wautali wokhala ndi njerwa.
Amakhala ndi moyo wamtengo. Imachitika m'magulu a anthu anayi mpaka 30. M'nkhalango simapereka kupezeka kwake, kufuula kuli chete, ngati mbalame.
(Cercopithecus cephus)
Kugawidwa kuchokera ku South Cameroon ndi Central African Republic kumwera mpaka mkamwa mwa Mtsinje wa Congo. Imakhala m'nkhalango zamvula komanso zachiwiri, komanso nkhalango zowonera m'mphepete mwa mitsinje.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 48-56 cm, ndipo mchirawo ndi wautali. Kuchuluka kwa wamwamuna wamkulu ndi pafupifupi makilogalamu 4.3, ndipo kwa mkazi ndi makilogalamu 2.9.
(Cercopithecus ascanius)
Kugawidwa ku Central Africa: kuchokera kuchigwa cha ku Congo ndi ku Ubanga mitsinje kum'mawa kupita ku Kenya (chigwa), Uganda ndi Western Tanzania. Imakhala m'malo obisika amvula, malo owonera komanso nkhalango zam'mphepete mwa nyanja, malo owuma a mthethe, nkhalango zamapiri, zokhala malo osiyanasiyana.
Zina mwa anyani akuluakulu okhala ndi tinsapato tofiirira tating'ono timakhala ndi nkhope yakuda, khungu loyera kumaso, malo owala pamphuno, ndi ubweya woyera pamasaya awo. Kutengera ndi subspecies, mtundu wa mphuno zawo umasiyanasiyana kuyambira yoyera kapena yachikaso mpaka pafupifupi yakuda. Dzina lodziwika bwino "Red-Tailed" limaperekedwa chifukwa cha mtundu wa tsitsi kumapeto kwa mchira, kusiyanasiyana ndi kufiyira mpaka bulauni. Kutalika kwa amuna ndi 40-63 masentimita, kwa akazi 32-46 masentimita, kutalika kwa amuna ndi 62-89 masentimita, kwa akazi 53-78 masentimita, kulemera kumachokera ku 2 mpaka 6 kg.
Nyani zokhala ndi timiyala tofiyira ndizakudya zam'mimba, zamtundu wakale, ndizabwino komanso zimagwira ntchito. Ntchito zawo zazikulu zimayambira m'mawa komanso madzulo. Patsikuli, gulu la anyani omwe amafunafuna zakudya amayenda pafupifupi 1.4 km. Amakhala m'magulu a anthu 7 mpaka 35, nthawi zambiri wamwamuna mmodzi wamkazi. Kukula kwa gawo lomwe gulu limodzi limakhala ndi mahekitala pafupifupi 120, omwe amawateteza kuti asachitike ndi alendo. M'malo odzala ndi chakudya, magulu angapo a anyani amatha kusonkhana, ndipo pamitengo yayikulu amatha kukhala palimodzi panthawi yopuma. Monga anyani onse, kulumikizana zamtunduwu ndizovuta, ndipo zimaphatikizapo zamankhwala kapena zopanga, zowoneka, mawu, zotulutsa.
Nyani zokhala ndi misala yofiira nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamtundu wina wamitundu ina, monga colobus wofiira, mangobey ndi nyani wabuluu. Mwachitsanzo, colobus ikhoza kuluma kudzera pa chigamba cholimba cha chipatsocho ndipo nyani wofiira kwambiri ndiye kuti akhoza kudya zotsalira zomwe zimakhala ndi zamkati zomwe sizimatheka. Zomwe zimadya pakudya anyaniwa zimaphatikizapo zipatso, koma zimaberekanso zakudya zawo ndi mphukira zazomera, maluwa, masamba, kutchetchera ndi tizilombo. Nyani yokhala ndi tchire lofiira ili ndi matumba a masaya kuti isunge chakudya kumeneko, chomwe chimakupatsani mwayi kuti manja anu amasuke nthawi yonse yoyenda.
Nyani zokhala ndi michira yofiira zimawonedwanso pamachitidwe olumikizana ogwirizana: masewera, chisamaliro chothandizana komanso kuthandizira kuteteza motsutsana ndi omwe amadyera wamba. Nyani yokhala ndi mbewa yofiira imatha kumalumikizana ndi nyani wabuluu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imabereka ana achonde.
Kubala kumachitika chaka chonse, ngakhale kuti nyengo yopikulitsa ya pachimake ndiyambira Novembala mpaka Novembala, ndipo kubadwa kwa ana amatenga kuchokera pa Epulo mpaka Novembala. Zingakhale kuti akazi amatha kubereka achinyamata chaka chilichonse. Amawonetsera kakhalidwe kosavomerezeka kamene munthu wamwamuna amokwatirana ndi akazi onse agulu. Nthawi zambiri, wamkazi mu estrus amawonetsa kuthekera kwake komanso kufunitsitsa kokwatirana naye mwakuwonetsa machitidwe, odziwika ngati kuchita. Nthawi yayitali yokhala pakati imakhala ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, pambuyo pake mwana m'modzi amabadwa. Makanda obadwa kumene nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kulemera pafupifupi 400 g, amakhala ndi ubweya wonyezimira wopepuka ndipo amakhala kwa mayi nthawi zonse, akumamatirira mwamphamvu ndi miyendo yonse inayi ku ubweya pamimba pake. Ndi udindo wa amayi kunyamula, kuteteza, ndi kudya.M'milungu ingapo yoyambirira, mkazi amakhala ndi mwana nthawi yonseyi. Akazi ena amodzi kuchokera pagulu lomweli amayesanso kusamalira mwana ndipo nthawi zina mikangano imabuka pakati pawo.
Kuchuluka kwa akazi pagulu nthawi zambiri kumatha kuchititsa chidwi ana ake aakazi okhwima, osakhalitsa mu gulu. Amuna, akafika kukhwima, amasiya gulu lomwe limapanga kampani yodziyimira payokha, kuyesera kutenga nthawi kuti abambo akhale amuna otchuka m'magulu a akazi. Mwana wamwamuna wamkulu atasamutsidwa, mtsogoleri watsopanoyo amayesa kupha ana onse ang'ono omwe ali mgululi, motero amalimbikitsa azimayi oyamwitsa kuti azilowa nthawi yobala ndi kubereka ana ake omwe. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakula msinkhu wazaka zisanu ndi chimodzi;
Adani achilengedwe ndi mbalame zazikulu za agalu, amphaka amtchire (makamaka anyalugwe), nthawi zina amakhala ovuta chifukwa cha chimpanzi kapena njoka zazikulu. Ndipo ngakhale palibe chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane pazamoyo zamtunduwu zachilengedwe, zimadziwika kuti ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala ndi zaka 22, malinga ndi ofufuza ena - mpaka zaka 30. Mwachiwonekere, chiyembekezo chamoyo m'chilengedwe ndichoperewera.
(Cercopithecus lhoesti)
Adagawidwa kum'mawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Uganda, ku Rwanda ndi Burundi. M'nkhalangozi pamakhala nkhalango zazikulu zam'mapiri, zamapiri ndi zamvula mpaka mamita 1000 pamwamba pa nyanja mpaka 2500. Komanso, anyaniwa amapezeka m'malo akuthengo azomera zamtchire pakati pa mitengo yamapiri. Nyani yokhala ndi ndevu imakonda nkhalango yoyamba yokhwima, yonyowa komanso yayitali, yomwe imapezeka m'malo owoneka bwino komanso nkhalango zowerengeka, yokhala ndi nkhalango zowirira.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 46-55 masentimita, kutalika kwa mchira ndi masentimita 42-68. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi 6 makilogalamu, pomwe zachikazi zimalemera pafupifupi 3.5 kg. Mchirawo ndi wautali komanso wopindika pang'ono kumapeto. Pali matumba ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama kunyamula chakudya.
Maziko ake ndi chakudya chosakanizika, chomwe chimaphatikizapo zipatso, mphukira, mbewu, mizu ndi ma rhizomes odzaza, mazira, tizilombo, abuluzi ang'onoang'ono komanso mbalame. Zipatso nthawi zambiri zimakhala pafupifupi 47% yazakudya zawo, 23% - zomera zam'munda zamtchire, zakudya zina - 30%.
Nyani zokhala ndi ndevu ndi nyama zosazungulira komanso zodyetsa. Amagona pamitengo, atakhazikika pansi, akugwiritsitsa nthambi kapena chimodzi chotsatira. Nthawi yayikulu yogwira: m'mawa kwambiri. Pafupifupi masana, mutadyetsa m'mawa komanso nthawi yotentha kwambiri, amathawira pamakona a mitengo. Nyama zambiri zapadziko lapansi lapansi izi zimapeza chakudya chambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, amayesa kubisala ku mitundu yambiri yowopsa pakati pa masamba wandiweyani pamakona a mitengo. Anyani aubweya wokhala ndi ndevu ali ndi michira yothina yomwe ili yolimba kuchirikiza kulemera kwake: izi ndizopadera kwa anyani a Old World. Amataya lusozi akadzakula, kenako nyani amagwiritsa ntchito michira yawo pokhapokha pomayenda komanso kudumpha.
Gwirani m'magulu. Magulu apabanja amatenga pakati pa anthu 5 mpaka 25, pomwe akazi amatenga. Gulu la banja lililonse limakhala wamwamuna m'modzi, akazi angapo okhwima ndi ana awo. Nyani zokhala ndi ndevu sizipanga mgwirizano ndi mitundu ina ya anyani, zimakonda kukhala ndi anthu amtundu wawo.
Atalowa estrus, wamkazi amauza mwamunayo za kukonzekera kwake kukhwima kumalo awonetsero apadera. Pambuyo pake, zamphongo zimadzaza chikazi kenako ndikukhwima zimachitika: nthawi yayitali ndi miyezi isanu. Kubadwa kwa ana nthawi zambiri kumachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo yadzuwa, mvula yamphamvu ikayamba, yomwe ndi yabwino kutsetsereka. Yaikazi, nthawi zambiri usiku, imabereka mwana wamwamuna mmodzi. Mayiyo atangobala kumene amadya chakudyacho ndikukhanyula mwana mosamalitsa, chomwe chimamangiririka kumaso kwa mayi ake pamimba pake. Akazi ena ochokera pagulu la azimayi omwe ali pantchito amawonetsa chidwi chachikulu ndikuyesera kuthandizira akhanda. Popita nthawi, chisamaliro cha akazi chimakhala chochepa patatha miyezi yochepa, koma chimapitilira mpaka kubadwa kwotsatira, kawirikawiri pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri. Amuna achichepere ang'onoang'ono amachoka m'gululo akadzakula, akazi amakhala pagulu la amayi kwamuyaya. Kusasitsa kumachitika pambuyo pakufika zaka ziwiri mwa akazi, mwa amuna pang'ono. Ali ku ukapolo, nyama zinapulumuka pafupifupi zaka 30. Mwachilengedwe, chiyembekezo chamoyo sichimawoneka ngati kupitilira zaka 20.
(Cercopithecus preussi)
Kugawidwa ku Western Cameroon, Eastern Nigeria komanso pachilumba cha Bioko (Equatorial Guinea). Imakhala m'nkhalango zamapiri ndi zotsika mtengo pamtunda wa 2500 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Nyaniwa ali ndi imvi yakuda ndi ubweya woyera pamisempha yawo. Kulemera kwa thupi mpaka 10 kg.
Amadyera makamaka zipatso, nthawi zina amadya masamba ndi tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana. Amasungidwa m'magulu a amuna achikulire, akazi angapo ndi ana awo. Gulu ili lili ndi anthu pafupifupi 17. Akazi amabweretsa mwana wamphongo aliyense zaka zitatu zilizonse. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika zaka 4, kukhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 31.
(Cercopithecus solatus)
Yogawidwa m'chigawo chapakati cha Gabon, malo ake onse ndi 11000-12000 km 2.
Kutalika kwamphongo kwamphongo ndi 60-70 masentimita, kutalika kwa mchira kutalika kwa 65-76 masentimita, kutalika kwa mkazi ndi 50-55 masentimita, ndipo kutalika kwa mchira ndi 60-67 cm. Kulemera kwa amuna ndi 6-9 kg, ndipo akazi ndi 4-6 kg
Nyaniwa amakhala ndi moyo wokonda kusangalala. Pokhala mu nduwira za mitengo, kumtunda kwa matanthwe nthawi zambiri kumapeweka, komwe kumatha kugwidwa ndi chiwombankhanga chotchuka - nyama yolimira nkhalango yapadera, yomwe imadyedwa ndi nyani. Pansi, anyani amtundu wachikasu amayenda kwambiri ndi miyendo inayi, ngakhale amagwiritsanso ntchito kuyenda mtunda wautali ngati akusunthira pansi pakati pa udzu wandiweyani kuti athe kuyang'ana mozungulira ndikupewa adani omwe angadye.
Amadyera makamaka zipatso. Kufufuza kwapadera kunawonetsa kuti gulu la anyani omwe amakhala m'mphepete mwa nkhalangoyi akuphatikizapo nyemba zobiriwira, msuzi ndi chingamu kuchokera ku mitengo ya ebony, zipatso za papaya, ndi zinthu zina zamitengo ina yopangidwa ndi alimi pafupi ndi gawo la nkhalangoyi. Pali zoopsa zambiri ku mbewa zachikasu zotere, chifukwa chake ndi nyama zazikulu zokha zomwe zimagulitsa mabizinesi opanga zakudya kunja kwa nkhalangoyi, pomwe anyani ang'onoang'ono amakhala ngati "alonda", kukhala mkati mwa nkhalangoyi ndikuwona zomwe zikuchitika kuchokera pamalo otetezeka komanso patali . Pakapezeka ngozi, phokoso losatsimikizika kapena gulu lililonse, "omwe akutenga nawo mbali" paukambowu mwachangu abwereranso kuthengo.
Bulu wofiirira wachikasu amasamala kwambiri posankha malo ogona. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamwamba pa korona, womata kwambiri, wokhala ndi nthambi zomata pafupi ndi thunthu kapena mphanda panthambi. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito malo omwewo kugona komanso malo ogona. Nyani ikadwala china chochokera kumwamba, imatsika mwachangu ndikusasunthika, ikabisala pansi "pamiyala" yazomera, pomwe nyama zodya zinayi siziziwopa. Nyama zakutchire, monga ankhandwe, zasowa m'malo a anyani amisala yachikaso zaka zoposa khumi zapitazo.
Nyani amayamba kudzilamulira pazaka pafupifupi 18. Achikulire pakugonana - atakwanitsa zaka zitatu, ndipo amabweretsa mwana wawo woyamba wazaka pafupifupi 4.
(Cercopithecus hamlyni)
Adagawidwa ku kontinenti ya Africa, komwe amakhala kummawa kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Rwanda komanso kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Uganda ku Burundi. Malo omwe amakhala ndi nkhalango zowirira. Nyani izi zimasungidwa m'nkhalango zomwe zimakhala zosachepera 900 m kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja ndikutalika mpaka 3200 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Amakhala kudera lamvula lomwe lazunguliridwa ndi malire achilengedwe. Nyanja ndi machitidwe amtsinje, m'mbali mwa nkhalango zotentha ndi mapiri angapo amatanthauzira momveka bwino malo omwe amakhalamo komanso mtundu wonsewo.
Nyani yokhala ndi kadzidzi - nyani wamkulu komanso wamtundu, wokhala ndi mchira wamfupi, wokhala ndi mphako yakuda kumapeto. Nkhope yake imafanana ndi kadzidzi, wokhala ndi maso awiri akulu. Kutalika kwamunthu wamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu ndi 50-65 masentimita, zazikazi 40-55 masentimita. Kulemera kwa anyani okhwima mwakugonana kumayambira 4 mpaka 10 kg (amuna achikulire amalemera makilogalamu 7 mpaka 10, zazikazi kulemera makilogalamu 4.5-6). Nkhope yake ndi yakuda yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira, imakhala ndi lingwe lopingasa lomwe limadutsa nsidze ndikuwongolera kuchokera pakatikati pa nsidze mpaka dera labial. Mikwingwirima iwiriyi imakhala yosiyanasiyana kutalika kuchokera ku kirimu- chikasu mpaka kuyera ndipo imapanga chizindikiro chojambula pamaso pa anyaniwa. Mutu wonse umazunguliridwa ndi ubweya wambiri wakuda womwe umaphimba makutu. Ubweya wake ndi wautali, wandiweyani. Chovala cha nyama zachikulire ndi imvi ya maolivi kapena pafupifupi yakuda. Chovala chakuda kwambiri chakuda chimayenda pamimba komanso mbali yakumunsi ya miyendo ndi manja. Kavalidwe kawo kakang'ono koteteza khungu kamakhala ngati kakang'ono kumawalola kuti adziphimba bwino kwa adani.
Munjira ya moyo, nyani yokhala ndi kadzidzi ndi nthawi masana ndi nyani nyani. Amayenda kudutsa m'nkhalangozi pogwiritsa ntchito miyendo yonse inayi. Pofunafuna zakudya zabwino, amakakamizidwa kuti azisanthula malo akulu tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukamadya, gawo la chakudya limayikidwa m'matumba. Izi zimamasula manja anu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuzikhala kosavuta kuzungulira mitengo ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mudye zowonjezera zomwe mumakhala m'malo omasuka.
Nyani yokhala ndi kadzidzi imakonda kudya zipatso, imakonda zipatso ndi maluwa (50-60%), koma imadya masamba (20-25%) ndi ma invertebrates (10-20%). Amasaka tizilombo (mbozi, nyerere) ndi akangaude pang'onopang'ono komanso mopanda phokoso, akuyang'ana pansi pa khungwa lolocha ndi ndowe.
Amakhala m'magulu okhala ndi akazi angapo okhala ndi ana osabereka komanso wamwamuna m'modzi. Monga lamulo, kuchuluka kwa mamembala m'gulu sikupitirira 10 anthu. Nthawi zina, magulu pawokhapawokha amakhala m'magulu akuluakulu omwe amakhala ndi amuna angapo okhwima. Komabe, usiku anyaniwa amagona limodzi m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Gululi limatsatira gawo lawolo, lomwe limalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito timawu ta fungo la m'mawere. Nthawi zambiri wamwamuna m'modzi amakhala nawo pagululi ndipo nthawi zambiri, atatha zaka ziwiri, iye amasankhidwa ndi m'modzi mwa abambo omwe amakhala okhaokha ozungulira mabanjawo. Monga lamulo, zazikazi zimathamangitsa akazi ena mdera lawo, pomwe amuna amayang'ana kwambiri pochotsa amuna ena achimereka.
Nyengo yakuswana ikulembeka pa Meyi - Okutobala, kubadwa mwana mmodzi. Yaikazi imakhala ndi nthawi yopuma yazaka ziwiri pakati pa kubadwa.
(Cercopithecus lomamiensis)
Kugawidwa ku Democratic Republic of the Congo, komwe kumachitika pakati pa mitsinje ya Lom ndi Chuap yomwe ili mkati mwa dzikolo. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, asayansi atazindikira mbewa iyi mu 2007 mnyumba ya mphunzitsi wapasukulu yakomweko ndipo adalongosola mu 2012. Kwa anthu am'deralo, Cercopithecus lomamiensis adadziwika kalekale kuti dzina la Lesula.
Kutalika kwa mutu komanso thupi la akulu amuna ndi 47-65 masentimita, kulemera kwake ndi 4-7.1 makilogalamu, akazi achichepere ndi 40-42 cm, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 3.5-4 kg.
Amadyetsa makamaka zipatso ndi madera ena ambewu, amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 2-5. Kupezeka m'malo obvomerezeka a mvula ndi mitengo yambiri Gilbertiodendron dewevrei (Detarievye, banja la Bean).
(Cercopithecus negus)
Kugawidwa kuchokera ku North Angola, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea ndi Gabon kumadzulo kupita ku Uganda, Kenya ndi Southeast Ethiopia. Imapezeka kumapiri kumtunda kwa nkhalango yamvula, koma imatha kukhala tchire, mitengo ya msungwi ndi mitengo yotsika m'nkhalango zowirira m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, komanso nkhalango zowuma zamapiri.
Uku ndi kutalika kwa msambo wapakatikati, kutalika kwa mutu ndi thupi la akazi ndi 39-54 cm, amuna ndi 48-59 cm. Kutalika kwa mchira wa akazi ndi 47-57 cm, amuna amuna ndi 59-78 cm. . Chovalachi ndi imvi ndi msana wofiirira, miyendo yakuda ndi chisoti choyera. Pamizere pali ndevu zoyera, bulauni kapena malo a lalanje pankhope pake ndi chingwe chakuda pamzere wamaso, ma eyoni oyera. Amuna, khungu pakhungu kuzungulira mphuno ndi lamtambo. Amuna ndi akazi onse ali ndi zikwama zonyamula chakudya.
Nyani zimakhala m'mabanja amkhandala kapena mabanja okhala wamwamuna wamkulu, wamkazi wamkazi wamkulu ndi ana awo. Magulu oyandikana nawo akhoza kudyera limodzi, koma osagona m'nyumba zawo. Gawo la mabanja ndi 6-13 ha. Nyani amagwira ntchito masana, amakhala nthawi yayitali pamitengo, akuyenda miyendo inayi. Pakawopsezedwa amakonda kubisala m'malo momenya. Amadyanso masamba ndi zipatso zazing'ono, komanso maluwa, tizilombo, mazira a mbalame ndi tating'ono tating'ono.
Uku ndi nyani wosalankhula, wofuula nthawi zambiri. Amagwiritsa ntchito nkhope zawo polankhula, makamaka zowoneka bwino. Anyani amtunduwu amadziwana kutali kwambiri, ngakhale m'nkhalango yamdima.
Mimba imatenga miyezi 5-6, kapena masiku 168, nthawi zambiri mwana m'modzi amabadwa. Imafika pa msinkhu wazaka 3-5. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 22-30.
(Miopithecus talapoin)
Kugawidwa kuchokera pagombe la Atlantic kumpoto kwa North Angola kupita kummawa mpaka kumadzulo kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo. Kumpoto, malowa amapezeka ku banki yakumwera kwa Mtsinje wa Congo. Pamakhala nkhalango m'mphepete mwa mitsinje.
Awa ndi anyani ochepa kwambiri a Old World. Kulemera kwa amuna ndi pafupifupi 1250 g, mwa akazi ndi 760 g.Ulitali wa mutu ndi thupi ndi 32-45 masentimita, ndi mchira wa kutalika kwa masentimita 36-52. Utoto wa chovalacho ndiwotuwa, wopindika pachifuwa, pamimba ndi mkati mwa thupi, mchira pamphepete ndi wakuda , makutu ndi khungu kuzungulira maso pafupifupi wakuda, buccal amapotera chikasu. Phokoso lawo limachepetsedwa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi chigaza chachikulu. Burashi yokhala ndi zala zazifupi pakati pomwe pali ziwalo zazing'ono za khungu.
Amakhala ndi moyo wamasana. Zomwe amadya zimaphatikizapo zipatso, koma nthawi zina amadya mbewu, masamba achichepere ndi mitundu yambiri ya invertebrates.