Maghreb squirrel (lat. Atlantoxerus Getulus) ndiye yekha woimira gulu la agogo a agogo a Magruba. Amayi amakhala kumadzulo kwa Sahara, ku Algeria ndi Morocco, komanso atumizidwa ku Canary Islands. Malo okhala achilengedwe a Maghreb agologota ndi malo otentha komanso otentha, malo otentha komanso malo amiyala pomwe amakhala m'malire a m'malire. Kwa nthawi yoyamba mitunduyi idafotokozedwa ndi Linnaeus mu 1758.
Kufotokozera. Agologolo a Maghreb ndi mtundu wocheperako, kutalika kwa thupi kumakhala pakati pa 16 mpaka 22 cm ndi mchira wowuma, kutalika kwake kuli kofanana ndi kutalika kwa thupi. Kulemera kumafika magalamu 350. Thupi limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi, lolimba. Mitundu yonse imakhala yotuwa kapena yofiirira. Mikwingwirima ingapo yoyera kumbuyo ndi thupi. Mimba ndiyopepuka, mchira waphatikiza utoto wakuda ndi imvi.
Kugawa. Agogo a Maghreb amakhala pagombe la Western Sahara, ku Morocco ndi Algeria kuchokera pagombe kupita ku mapiri a Atlas, ndipo adawatumizira chilumba cha Fuerteventura ku zilumba za Canary ku 1965. Uyu ndiye woimira banja la gologolo yemwe amakhala ku Africa kumpoto kwa Sahara. Amakhala m'malo amiyala, komanso m'mapiri ataliatali mpaka 4000 m.
Moyo. Agologolo a Maghreb amapanga mizinda ndipo amakhala ngati mabanja m'makola oyenda kwambiri, malo olimapo malo ndi miyala. Amafuna kasupe wamadzi wopezeka, koma sanawonekere m'minda yothiriridwa. Nthawi yodyetsa, monga lamulo, imachitika m'mawa kwambiri ndi madzulo, ndipo tsiku lotentha amabisala ndi mink. Zakudya za protein za Maghreb zimakhala ndi zakudya zam'mera, zomwe zipatso ndi nthangala za mitengo ya argan ndizambiri. Ngati njere ikusowa chakudya, ndiye kuti imatha kusamuka. Agogo a Maghreb amabereka kawiri pachaka, kubereka ana anayi.
Kodi pali kusiyana kwanji pakati pa Chipmunk ndi squirrel?
Ngati mukufunabe momwe mungasiyanitsire makondawa, lingalirani maonekedwe awo, makamaka zakudya, kuchotsa ndi kusunga masheya m'magawo.
Choyamba, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti makoswe amagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo, koma m'malo athuwa simudzawawona. Apa mungapeze mtundu umodzi wokha - mapuloteni wamba. Mitundu ya chipmunks ilinso yopanda malire, ndi nyama yaku Siberian kapena Asia. Pazakudya pali masamba ndi nyama.
Ponena za kusiyana kwakunja, kulipo. Chipmunks ndiocheperako pang'ono kuposa agologolo ndipo ali ndi mtundu wamakhalidwe. Ndili ndi maliseche kumbuyo kwa nyama, mikwingwirima yakuda ikuwoneka, yomwe imalekanitsidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka. Zizindikiro zomwezo za khungu lakuda zili pankhope. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azitha kusiyanitsa izi ndi gologolo.
Mwina aliyense adawona gologolo wamba. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kupezeka osati m'nkhalango zokha, komanso m'mizinda, amakhalanso ndi moyo ndikusamalira chakudya, ndikuzichotsa kwa anthu. Ali ndi chovala chowoneka bwino. Chimawoneka ngati gologolo wa chipmunk kanjedza, yemwenso imakhala ndi mikwingwirima yakumbuyo kumbuyo kwake komanso kukula kwa thupi lake kuli kofanana ndi chipmunk chachikulu, koma sizipezeka m'dera lathu.
Buku. Mitundu yonse iwiri ya tsitsi la nyama, kutengera nyengo ya chaka, kusintha mtundu, izi ndizoyenera kutsimikizira.
Simukudziwa kuti mungadziwe bwanji kuti mwakumana ndi ndani, gologolo kapena chipmunk? Tchera khutu makutu. Mu chipmunk, zimakhala zazing'ono, koma mu gologolo, ali ndi mwayi kwambiri ndipo kumapeto kwake mumazindikira mabulashi.
Simudzaona mankhwalawa pa chipmunks, koma chilengedwe chimapatsa iwo matumba othandiza kwambiri. Ndikosavuta kwa iwo m'matumba awa kuti azisonkhanitsa chakudya chochuluka ndikuchisamutsa pogona. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti chipmunks ndichothandiza. Amayesa kudzaza mink yawo ndi zinthu momwe zingathere kuti asasowe, ndiye kuti ali ndi nkhawa za kuchepa kwawo. Tangolingalirani, chipmunk chimodzi chaching'ono chimatha kukolola mpaka 10 kg ya mbewu, mtedza.
Agologolo amabisala m'matangadza ake, omwe amakhala nawo nthawi yachisanu, osadalirika kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amawaika pansi pamitengo ndikuyimangirira pamitengo. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti nthawi zambiri amatha kuiwala zomwe adabisala, ndipo abale ake a m'nkhalango nthawi zambiri amazigwiritsa ntchito.
- Zochita pachaka chonse.
Zokhudza zochitika munthawi yachisanu, apa mutha kuwunikiranso kusiyana pakati pawo. Agogo amakhala ndi moyo wakhama chaka chonse, pomwe anzawo amakonda kugona nthawi yozizira.
Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti makoswe onsewa omwe amawoneka kuti ndi okongola kwambiri sangapweteke aliyense, koma sizili choncho konse. Kuphatikiza pa kubzala zakudya, amakonda kudya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, timbewu tambiri, amathanso kubalalitsa zisa za mbalame ndikudya mazira awo ngakhale anapiye ang'onoang'ono.
Buku. Makoswe onse azimva kugonjera kwambiri kwa anthu, chifukwa chake kwakhala kwapamwamba kwambiri kuti ayambe ngati ziweto.
Monga taonera kale, nyumba za agologolo zimadzigwirira ntchito pamitengo. Amadzisankhira zisa zawo. Ndizosangalatsa kuti gologolo mmodzi amatha kukhala ndi "nyumba" zingapo nthawi imodzi, zomwe zimasinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mudziteteze kumatenda ndi majeremusi.
Chipmunks amakonda kukhala mobisa. M'makola awo muli makonde ataliitali okhala ndi makamera ambiri. Chilichonse chimakhala ngati anthu pano, pali malo ogona, ndiye kuti chipinda chogona, pogona pomwe amasunga zomwe adabweretsa m'mataya awo, komanso zimbudzi.
Kutengera ndi zomwe taziwona pamwambapa, titha kunena kuti magulu awiriwa, ngakhale ali ofanana kunja, m'njira zina zonse ndi osiyana. Agologolo ndiakulu, chipmunk ndiyocheperako. Zakudya zawo zokha ndi zomwezo.
Mawonekedwe
Chipmunk chimafanana ndi gologolo wokhala ndi mtundu waukulu wa ubweya (pamwamba pamtambo wofiirira komanso pamimba loyera), mchira wautali (wocheperapo kuposa squirrel) ndi kapangidwe ka thupi. Ngakhale mayendedwe omwe adasiyidwa ndi chipmunk mu chisanu amasiyana ndi agologolo okha kukula. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa akazi. Makoswe wamkulu amakula mpaka 13-16 masentimita ndi kulemera kwa pafupifupi 100-125 g. Mchira (kuyambira 9 mpaka 13 cm) wokhala ndi "chisa" chaching'ono nthawi zonse umakhala wautali kuposa theka la thupi.
Chipmunk, ngati makoswe ambiri, imakhala ndi matumba otakataka omwe amayamba kuonekeranso pakamadya. Pamutu pamaonekedwe owongoka makutu. Maso ooneka ngati amondi amayang'anitsitsa zomwe zikuchitika.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mitundu ya ma chipmunks (25 akufotokozedwa tsopano) ndi ofanana kwambiri kunja ndi mawonekedwe, koma amasiyana pang'ono kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake amtundu.
Nkhope zam'mbuyo ndizabwino kuposa kutsogolo; tsitsi lowala limamera pamiyendo. Chovala chidafupika, ndi msana wofooka. Zovala Zachisanu zimasiyana ndi chovala cha chilimwe pokhapokha pamphamvu yamdongosolo. Mtundu wachikhalidwe wammbuyo ndi waimvi kapena wonyezimira. 5 mikwingwirima yakuda ikuyenda mokwera pafupifupi mchira wosagwirizana ndi iyo. Nthawi zina, anthu oyera amaoneka obadwa, koma osati ma alubino.
Khalidwe la Chipmunk
Uyu ndiye munthu wodzipangira yekha yemwe amavomereza mnzake kuti azigwirizana naye panthawi yophunzitsira. Nthawi zina, chipmunk chimakhala chokha ndipo chimangodya chokha, chimaswa chimacho (mahekitala 1-3) posaka chakudya. Imadziwika kuti ndi nyama yokhazikika, yosasunthira kutali ndi nyumba ndi 0.1-0.2 km. Koma nyama zina zimayenda maulendo ataliatali, zimafikira 1.5 km nthawi yakukhwima ndi 1-2 km posunga chakudya.
Amakwera mitengo mwangwiro ndikuwuluka kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina pamtunda wa 6 m, mochenjera kudumphira pansi kuchokera kumtunda wa mita 10. Ngati ndi kotheka, nyamayo imathamanga makilomita 12 pa ola limodzi. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'maenje, koma zisa pakati pamiyala, komanso m'maenje osakhazikika ndi chitsa chowola, zimamanga zisa. Dzenje la chilimwe ndi chipinda chimodzi chakuya kwa theka la mita (nthawi zina mpaka 0,7 m), njira yomwe imatsogolera.
Ndizosangalatsa! Mu nthawi yozizira, kuchuluka kwa zipinda zopindilira kawiri: m'munsi (pakuya kwa 0.7-1.3 m) kumaperekedwa kwa pantry, ndipo kumtunda (pakuya kwa 0,5-0.9 m) kusinthidwa kuti chipinda chogona chisamuke komanso madipatimenti oyambira.
Kuzizira, chipmunk chimayenda ndipo chimabisala, kudzuka kuti chikwaniritse njala komanso kugona tulo. Njira yotuluka hibernation imalumikizidwa ndi nyengo. Pamaso pa ena, makoswe amadzuka, omwe mabango awo amangidwa m'malo otentha, omwe, komabe, sawalepheretsa kuti abwerere pansi ndi kuzizira kwadzidzidzi. Apa akudikirira kuyambika kwa masiku ofunda, olimbikitsidwa ndi zotsalira za m'matangadza.
Nora amagwiritsanso ntchito pobisalira nyengo yamvula, koma dzuwa litatuluka, chipmunk chimachoka kunyumba mwachangu, dzuwa litatuluka, kuti asatenthedwe ndi kutentha. Pambuyo pa tulo tokhala mdzenje, nyamazo zimabweranso pansi ndikuyang'ana chakudya kale dzuwa lisanalowe. Masana, ndi ma chipmunks okha omwe amakhala m'malo ozungulira, nkhalango zamdima sizobisala pansi.
Kututa chakudya
Chipmunks ikukonzekera mwapang'onopang'ono chakudya poyembekeza kubisalira nthawi yayitali yozizira, osakhutira ndi mphatso za m'nkhalangoyi komanso kuwononga mbewu. Nzosadabwitsa kuti makoswewo amatchulidwa kuti ndi tizilombo toopsa taulimi, makamaka m'malo omwe minda yomwe imagwirizana ndi nkhalango: kuno chipmunks amatuta mbewu yotsiriza.
Pazaka zambiri, nyamayo yapanga machitidwe ake otuta tirigu, zomwe zimawoneka ngati:
- Ngati mkatewo sunali wakuda kwambiri, chipmunk chimapeza phesi lolimba, ndikuchikankha, ndikulumpha.
- Phesi limakhota, ndipo mbowo imakwawa, ndikugwira ndi miyendo yake ndikufikirira khutu.
- Amaluma khutu ndipo amasankha mbewu mwachangu, ndikupinda m'matumba.
- M'minda yayikulu (komwe nkosatheka kuseketsa udzu), chipmunk chija chimaluma kuyambira pansi mpaka kufikira khutu.
Ndizosangalatsa! Chilichonse chomwe chimamera m'nkhalango komanso chomwe chimabera m'minda yolimidwa: bowa, mtedza, ma acorn, maapulo, njere zamtchire, mpendadzuwa, zipatso, tirigu, buckwheat, oats, fulakesi komanso osati kugwera mmalo a chipmunks okha.
Kugwirizana kogulitsa konse sikumayimiridwa kamodzi, koma kusankhidwa kwawo kumakhala kosangalatsa. Monga wogwira ntchito mokangalika, chipmunk chimapereka mitundu, ndikuzilekanitsa ndi udzu kapena masamba. Kulemera konse kwa chisanu chakudya cham'matumbo kumakongoletsa amodzi ndi makilogalamu 5-6.
Habitat, malo okhala
Mitundu yambiri ya mitundu 25 ya Tamias yomwe imakhala ku North America, ndi Tamias sibiricus m'modzi yekha (waku Asia, wotchedwanso Chipmunk wa ku Siberia) yemwe amapezeka ku Russia, ndipo makamaka, kumpoto kwa gawo lake ku Europe, Urals, Siberia ndi Far East. Kuphatikiza apo, chipmunk cha Siberian chidawoneka pachilumba cha Hokkaido, ku China, ku Peninsula ya Korea, komanso kumadera aku kumpoto kwa Europe.
Ziphuphu zitatu zam'madzi zimatchulidwa:
- Siberian / Asia - mulinso mitundu yokhayo ya Tamias sibiricus,
- East American - yoimiridwanso ndi mtundu umodzi wa Tamias striatus,
- Neotamias - muli mitundu 23 yomwe imakhala kumadzulo kwa North America.
Zokongoletsera zomwe zidaphatikizidwa pamitundu iwiri yomaliza zakhala zikuyenda kumpoto konse kwa America kuchokera pakatikati pa Mexico mpaka ku Arctic Circle. Chipmunk ya ku East America, monga dzinali limatanthauzira, imakhala kum'mawa kwa America. Makoko amtchire omwe adatha kuthawa pamafamu achinyama adamera m'magawo angapo apakati pa Europe.
Zofunika! Chipmunk ya Kummawa yozolowera kukhala pakati pa miyala ndi miyala, mitundu yotsalayo imakonda nkhalango (zotentha, zosakanikirana komanso zowola).
Nyama zimapewa madambo, komanso malo otseguka komanso nkhalango zazitali kumene kulibe udzu kapena zitsamba. Ndibwino ngati pali mitengo yakale m'nkhalango yokhala ndi korona wamphamvu, koma osati mitengo yayitali ya msondodzi, chitumbuwa cha mbalame kapena birch. Chipmunks ikhoza kupezekanso m'magawo atali m'nkhalangomo momwe muli mphepete mwa madzi / mitengo yakufa, zigwa za mitsinje, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, komanso m'malo ambiri odula.
Kufotokozera
Chimodzi mwazinyama zodziwika bwino mu taiga. Kulemera kwa nyama mpaka 1 kg, kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 20 mpaka 30 cm.
Chifukwa cha ubweya wakuda, womwe uli ndi tanthauzo la mafakitale, umalekerera kuzizira kwambiri, komwe Siberia imadziwika. Pofuna kudziteteza ku zovuta za kutentha kochepa, agologolo amabisala m'maenje a mitengo, kapena kukhazikika zisa zomwe iwo amamanga. Ngati kutentha kwa mpweya kumakhala kocheperako, gologoloyo sangathe kutuluka kwawo masiku angapo, ali mtulo.
Ndi gologolo uti amadya ku taiga?
Musaganize kuti mapuloteni ndi azomera 100%. Sadzaphonya mwayi kudya tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, kuukira chisa cha mbalame pakumwa mazira omwe agona pamenepo. Koma, pazonse, maziko a zakudya za makoswe ndi zipatso, bowa, ma conesers. Komanso m'zakudya zake muli ma acorns ndi mtedza wosiyanasiyana (onse mkungudza, ndi hazel, beech). Popeza nyengo yozizira imakhala yolimba ku taiga, gologolo nthawi zonse amasungira nyengo yachisanu. M'nyengo yozizira, ngati kulibe malo osungirako okwanira, agologolo amagwira anthu akuba - akufunafuna mitengo yamphini ndi chipmunks, akuwononga. Osanyoza kuchita zakuba ndi abale awo.
Zakudya za Chipmunk
Zakudya za makoswe zimayang'aniridwa ndi zakudya zamasamba, zomwe zimathandizidwa nthawi ndi nthawi ndi nyama mapuloteni.
Mtundu wa chipmunks udyani:
- mitengo / masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono,
- nthangala za mbewu zaulimi ndipo nthawi zina mphukira zake,
- zipatso ndi bowa,
- mbewu za udzu ndi zitsamba,
- acorn ndi mtedza
- tizilombo
- nyongolotsi zam'madzi,
- mazira mbalame.
Chipmunks akuyendayenda pafupi adzauzidwa za zakudya zotsalira - ma cnawed cones of conifers ndi hazel / mtedza wa mkungudza.
Ndizosangalatsa! Chowonadi chakuti chinali chipmunk chikukondwerera pano, osati gologolo, chiziwonetsedwa ndi zinthu zazing'ono, komanso zinyalala zomwe zatsalira - zili pamiyala ya "mbewu" zazitali zozungulira zofanana ndi barberry.
Zokongoletsa zam'maso za makoswe sizimangokhala pazomera zamtchire zokha. Akakhala m'minda ndi minda, amapatula chakudya chake ndi zikhalidwe monga:
- mbewu zamphesa
- chimanga,
- bulwheat,
- nandolo ndi fulakesi
- ma apricots ndi ma plums,
- mpendadzuwa,
- nkhaka.
Ngati chakudya chatha, ma chipmunks amapita kukafunafuna chakudya kuminda ndi minda yoyandikana nayo. Kubzala mbewu za tirigu, zimayambitsa zowonongeka kwa alimi. Kukhazikitsidwa kuti kusunthika kosasinthika kwakukulu nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha kulephera kwa mbewu zamtunduwu, monga mitengo ya mkungudza.
Nyama pakuwoneka kwambiri chikuwoneka ngati gologolo , koma ochepa kukula (kutalika kwa thupi 13-16 cm, mchira - 8-11 cm). Amakhala nthawi yake yambiri pansi kufunafuna chakudya, koma amatha kukwera mitengo bwino. Komabe, muukadaulo uwu ndiwotsika kwambiri mapuloteni, makamaka pakufunika kukwera pamwamba pa thunthu. Makungwa a mtengo, omwe amakhala osalala m'malo, samagwira bwino; nthawi zambiri amathyola mtengo ndikugwa pansi. Ndi gologolo, izi sizichitika.
Makutu a Chipmunk zazing'ono, zopanda maburashi. Pali matumba a m'masaya momwe iye amanyamula chakudya (mpaka 7 g nthawi). Pakati pa ma chipmunks, pali mitundu itatu yomwe imasiyana mitundu ndi malo. Chipmunk ya ku Europe imagawidwa pamwamba pa nkhalango za ku Europe za Russia kupita ku Urals, chipmunk ya Siberia imagawidwa kuchokera ku Urals kupita ku Kolyma ndi Amur Region. Primorsky chipmunk amakhala Primorsky Territory ndi chilumba cha Sakhalin. Mtundu wa ubweya m'mabukuwa umachokera ku tangi yofiirira mpaka ya bulauni. Malamba akuda thonje kumbuyo kwa chipmunk, komwe mumatha kusiyanitsa ndi nyama iliyonse. Mimba yake ndi yopepuka, mchira umera imvi, ndipo pansi ndikotupa. Tsitsi lomwe lili pachinyama ndi lalifupi kwambiri kuposa gologolo, mchira wa chipmunk suyenda bwino ngati wa gologolo. Ku Russia, ma chipmunks amakhala mu mzere wa taiga, makamaka ambiri a iwo ali m'nkhalango za mkungudza wokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, zitsamba ndi maphokoso amphepo.
Chipmunk imagwira ntchito makamaka m'mawa ndi madzulo, ndipo nthawi yozizira imabisala. Pobisalira nyanjayo imakonza timizinga, tomwe tili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta ndipo nthawi zambiri timakhala pansi pa mizu yamitengo.Zotchinga zina zimakhala ndi nthambi, zazitali mamita 6 kapena kupitilira, nthawi zina zimakhala ndi zotuluka zingapo. Zipinda zam'mimba zokhala ndi mainchesi 15-30-30 zili pamtunda wa mamita 0.6-0.9. Chipmunk cha chisa chimapanga zinyalala kuchokera ku udzu, masamba owuma ndi zinthu zina zomera. Magawo amtundu wa chipmunk nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kukula kwamahekitala 0.8, amapitilira malire amtundu wa "eni" ena, kotero mikangano yayikulu imachitika nthawi zambiri pakati pa chipmunks.
Chakudya cha Chipmunk chimaphatikizapo mbewu, nthangala ndi zipatso zam'mera, mphutsi ndi tizirombo tina touluka. Nthawi zina, nyama izi zimadya achule, njoka, anapiye ndi makoswe ang'onoang'ono. M'nyengo yozizira, amapeza mbewu zambiri (mpaka 3-4 makilogalamu), zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mtedza wa pine ndi spikelets za mbewu za tirigu. Chipmunks ndi agologolo ndiwo mpikisano woyipa kwambiri pankhani ya chakudya: nyama zonse ziwiri zimakolola chakudya chawo nthawi yachisanu ndikuziba. Kuphatikiza apo, ma chipmunks akuba ndi apamwamba kuposa agologolo ndipo amamva kubisala ukukulimbana ndi gologolo.
Nthawi matani akuyamba mu Marichi , mutadzuka hibernation, ndipo imatha mpaka Meyi kapena June. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi mwezi, ndipo ana amawonekera mu Meyi - June. Pali ma litre 1-2 pachaka, chilichonse chomwe chimakhala ndi ma cubs 10. Kukhetsa kumachitika kuyambira mu Julayi mpaka Seputembara.
Ku funso, kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa chipmunk ndi gologolo? zolemba ndi wolemba Vladislav Sidorenko yankho labwino ndilakuti Chipmunks (Latin Tamias) - mtundu wa makoswe ochokera ku banja la gologolo. Chipmunks ndi mitundu 25, ndipo yambiri imakhala ku North America, kupatula mtundu umodzi wa ku Europe, chipmunk cha ku Siberian (Tamias sibiricus) Kutengera ndi mitunduyi, ma chipmunks amatha kulemera kuyambira 30 mpaka 120 g, ndi kukula kuchokera 5 mpaka 15 cm. yokhala ndi mchira kutalika kwa masentimita 7 mpaka 12. Chowoneka mosiyanitsa mitundu yonse ndi mikwingwirima isanu yakumbuyo kumbuyo, kupatulidwa ndi mikwaso yoyera kapena imvi. Mtundu wotsalira wa ubweya wa chipmunks ndi wofiirira-wofiirira kapena wonyezimira. Popeza izi ndizofala kwambiri pa chipmunks, mitundu iliyonse payokha ndiyovuta kusiyanitsa. Chipmunks amagawidwa pafupifupi North America kuchokera ku Arctic Circle kupita ku Mexico. Chipmunk yaku Eastern America (Tamias striatus) imapanga gawo limodzi, lomwe limapezeka kum'mawa kwa kontrakitala. Mitundu 23 yochokera ku subgenus Neotamias imakhala kumadzulo kwa North America. Chipmunk imapezeka kuchokera kumpoto kwa Europe mpaka ku Peninsula ya Korea ndi kumpoto kwa China, komanso pachilumba cha Hokkaido. Ku Central Europe, ma chipmunks atula mizu, kuthawa minda kuti ikawbereke.
Kukhazikika kwa chipmunks ndi nkhalango. Chipmunk ya ku East America imakhala m'nkhalango zowuma za New England, chipmunk cha ku Siberia - taiga, ndi chipmunk chaching'ono (Tamias minimus) - nkhalango ya Canada. Mitundu ina yasintha kuti izitseguka ndi zitsamba.
Mapuloteni (Latin Sciurus) - mtundu wa makoswe a banja la agologolo. Kuphatikiza pa genus Sciurus yomwe, mapuloteni amatchedwanso oimira angapo a banja la agologolo a genera chipmunks (Tamiasciurus), agologolo a kanjedza (Funambulus) ndi ena ambiri. Ponena za genus sciurus yokha, imagwirizanitsa pafupifupi mitundu 30 yofala ku Europe, North ndi South America komanso m'malo otentha a Asia.
Ili ndi thupi lalitali ndi mchira wautali wopendekera, makutu ake ndi autali, utoto wake ndi woderapo wokhala ndi mimba yoyera, nthawi zina imvi (makamaka nthawi yachisanu). Amapezeka kulikonse kupatula Australia. Squirrel imakhala ndi ubweya wofunikira. Chimodzi mwazidziwitso zodziwika bwino za agologolo ambiri ndikutha kwawo kusunga mtedza nthawi yachisanu. Mitundu ina ya mtedza imayikidwa pansi, ina imabisa m'miyala yamitengo. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti kukumbukira zosavomerezeka za mitundu ina ya agologolo, makamaka sulufufu, kumathandizira kupulumutsa nkhalango, chifukwa amakumba mtedza pansi ndikuiwala zaiwo, ndipo mitengo yatsopano imatuluka m'mbewu zomwe zidaphukira. Mitundu ina ya agologolo, akaganiza zoopsa, zikaimirira miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, kutsogolo kugwada ndikuyang'ana kuzungulira madera ozungulira. Mdani akapezeka, nthawi zambiri amapanga mawu oboola, kuchenjeza agologolo ena.
Agologolo (a genus Sciurus) amakhala ndi moyo wamatumbo, wokhala ndi phokoso lalitali, mchira wautali, makutu amtali, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malaya amtsitsi atavala zovala zachisanu, zikhadabo ndi lakuthwa, kulola kuti nyamayo ikwere mosavuta ngakhale pamtengo wopendekera. Chipmunks (genus Tamias) zimakwera mitengo, koma kukumba mabowo akuya nyumba. Amasiyana ndi agologolo omwe ali ndi mchira wamfupi komanso wocheperapo, makutu afupiafupi, kupezeka kwa matumba ndi masaya amaso.
Yankho kuchokera Mwezi [guru]
Chovala chansalu.
Yankho kuchokera rrr [guru]
kukula ndi kulumikiza
Yankho kuchokera Alexander Ilyin [guru]
Kukhalapo kwa mikwingwirima yakuda kumbuyo 🙂
Yankho kuchokera Alina [guru]
chipmunk ndi gologolo wocheperako pang'ono. amakhalanso ndi mzere kumbuyo kwake, womwe gologoloyu alibe. gologolo ali ndi mchira wowoneka bwino ndipo chipmunk chilibe.
Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa chipmunk ndi gologolo
Agogo ndi ma chipmunks ndi abale apamtima, ngakhale ali ndi zosiyana zambiri. Makoswewa ndi a banja limodzi - gologolo. Amakhala m'mitengo, amakonda nkhalango ndipo amadya zakudya zamtchire ndi nyama. Nyama ndizofanana, monga achibale amayembekezera, koma pali zosiyana.
Aliyense woyimira pachotsekeracho ali ndi mitundu ingapo. M'matumba athu, pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa mapuloteni - mapuloteni wamba. Mitundu ya chipmunks ilinso yambiri. Wachi Russia wakuchipmunk Siberian kapena Asia yekha amakhala kudera la Russia. Itha kupezeka munkhalango za ku Europe.
Nyama ndizosiyana zingapo zakunja. Chipmunk ndi yaying'ono kuposa gologolo kukula kwake ndipo ali ndi mtundu wamakhalidwe. Mikwingwirima yakumbuyo kumbuyo, yosiyanitsidwa bwino ndi tsitsi la imvi lowoneka bwino, imawoneka bwino. Zizindikiro zakuda zimawonekanso pankhope. Izi zimasiyanitsa makoswe ndi wachibale wina - gologolo wamatope.
M'magologolo wamba, chovalacho chimakhala chofiyira. Nthawi zosiyana pachaka, mitundu ya nyama zonse ziwiri imatha kusintha. Izi ndichifukwa chakusungunula kwapakachaka kwa makoswe. Chikhalidwe china chakunja ndi makutu. Chipmunks ndi ochepa, pomwe agologolo ndi aatali, ndi burashi. Kudzikongoletsa kwa gologolo kumawonekera kwambiri nthawi yozizira.
Zachilengedwe sizinapatse ma chipmunks okhala ndi masamba m'makutu, koma adawapatsa matumba ogwirira ntchito. Ngakhale dzina lachi Latin la nyama - Tamias amatanthauzira kuti "drive". Agologolo alibe zida zothandiza zotengera chakudya. Chipmunks, mosiyana ndi agologolo, ndi othandiza kwambiri. Amayala mbewa zawo ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.
Chipmunk imodzi imatha kukolola mpaka 10 makilogalamu a mtedza, mbewu ndi magawo ena a mbewu (nthawi zambiri osaposa 6 kg). Agologolo amabisamo nkhokwe zake nyengo yachisanu pansi pamitengo, m'maenje, atapachikidwa pamitengo. Koma nthawi zambiri amaiwala zomwe anthu ena okhala m'nkhalango amagwiritsa ntchito. Chipmunks hibernate nthawi yachisanu. Squirrel imagwira ntchito chaka chonse.
Makoswe onsewa amadalira kwambiri zakudya zam'mera. Koma amatha kudya tizilombo komanso ma mollusks. Agologolo nthawi zambiri amawononga zisa za mbalame podya mazira ndi anapiye. Chipmunks amakhalanso ndi izi. Chifukwa chake, makoswe okongola awa si nyama zopanda vuto monga momwe anthu ambiri amakhulupirira. Koma akumva bwino mu ukapolo.
- Agologolo ndi chipmunk ndi abale apamtima; ndi a banja la agologolo.
- Kunja, gologolo wochokera ku chipmunk amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe omwe amakhala pam nsonga ya makutu. Chipmunk chili ndi makutu ang'onoang'ono ndipo mulibe zodzikongoletsera zotere.
- Chipmunk ndikosavuta kuzindikira ngakhale mtunda wawutali ndi mikwingwirima isanu yakuda kumbuyo. Mimba ndi yopepuka, chovalacho chimakhala chachifupi. M'magologolo, malaya ndi omveka, ofiira.
- Agologolo ali ndi mchira wa kutalika kofanana ndi thupi. Chipmunk chili ndi mchira wamfupi.
- Chipmunks ali ndi matumba a masaya. Agologolo satero.
- Agologolo amamanga zisa zawo pamitengo, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nyumba zopanda mabowo, ndipo amakhala ndi "nyumba" zingapo.
- Chipmunks amakhala pamtunda wautali. Mapangidwe ake amafanana ndi makina okhala ndi makamera ambiri. Chipinda chilichonse chimakhala ndi cholinga chake. M'malo ena, nyama zimagona, zina zimaswana, ndipo zina, zimasungira chakudya.
- Agologolo onse awiriwa ndi ma chipmunks amakonda zakudya zam'mera ndi kuchuluka kwa nthawi yozizira. Koma ma chipmunks amasunga chakudya chonse mdzenje lawo, ndipo agologolo amapanga malo osungira m'malo angapo, kuiwala kwa nthawi yayitali za bowa ndi mtedza.
- Agologolo onse ndi ma chipmunks amatha kudya chakudya chamagulu. Zakudya zawo sizimangokhala ndi tizilombo komanso ma mbewa, komanso mazira a mbalame, komanso ana awo.
- Chipmunks amadziwika ndi hibernation. Agologolo samazunza.
Ngati mwakonda nkhaniyi, thokozani wolemba podina batani lililonse pagawo lawebusayiti.
Kuzungulira kwazungulira
Pa taiga, mapuloteni amachulukitsa 1, nthawi yayitali kawiri pachaka. Kutha msanga kumachitika m'miyezi 8-9. Pafupifupi, agologolo 4-5 amabadwa (kuyambira 3 mpaka 10 cubs). Wamphongo amakhala mosiyana, osatenga nawo gawo pakudyetsa ndi kulera ana. Adani achilengedwe - martens, kadzidzi, nkhandwe, wolverines ndi ermines. Oimira banja la hawk samanyoza mapuloteni. Nthawi yayitali yamoyo yazinyama ndi zaka zitatu (kuthengo).
Squirrel ndiye nyama yayitali yonyamula ubweya yomwe imasakidwa pamsika. Ubweya wa mapuloteni umapanga 40% ya zokolola zapachaka za ubweya ku Russia.
Kumbuyo kwa agologolo chipmunk zamasamba
Nyama zamtchirezi zimadya zakudya zam'mera - mbewu, chimanga, masamba, udzu, zipatso, bowa. Ngati mupeza zipatso kapena ndiwo zamunda, ndiye kuti zimawonjezedwanso mwakufuna kwawo. M'nyengo yozizira, chipmunk chilichonse chimakhala ndi masheya omwe amakhazikitsa bwino bwino mumdzenje mumiyala yapamwamba. Kulemera kwa mbewu, zipatso, bowa wokonzekera iye nthawi zambiri amafika makilogalamu 5-6.