Zakudya ndizakudya zapadera zomwe zimakhala ndi michere mu mawonekedwe a nyama.

Zakudya zouma

Sikoyenera kudyetsa nyama ndi roughage kokha nthawi yozizira. Kupezeka kwawo muzakudya kumawongolera mbuzi. Chifukwa cha izi, ndizovomerezeka kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chouma muzaka zotentha.

Zakudya zouma zimaphatikizapo zinthu monga:

• Hay ndi udzu. Zowuma, kugwiritsa ntchito udzu kuchokera m'nkhalango ndi meadout ndikulimbikitsidwa. Nyama imodzi imakhala ndi 2-3 kg.
• Mabedi. Ndikwabwino kupatsa nyama tsache kuchokera pa mapulo, birch, aspen kapena popula. Tsiku, mbuzi imatha kudya zipatso za 3-5.

Chakudya chouma chimayamba kukololedwa pakati pa chilimwe, nthawi zambiri amasunga udzu watsopano posachedwa waudzu m'matchuke kapena mitengo. Ngati mlimi ndiwotakasuka, amaloledwa kuphwanya musanatumikire - amakhulupirira kuti njirayi imadyedwa kwambiri mwachuma. Broom imaphatikizidwanso kuchokera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ndodo mpaka 60 cm.

Chakudya chamafuta

Dzinalo limodzi limafotokoza momveka bwino kuti zakudya zoterezi zimachokera pakamagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nyama zamitundu mitundu. Zomwe mbuzi zazikulu zimadyetsa:

• Udzu. Ichi ndiye chinthu chotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso chotchipa kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kutumira mbuzi kuti ziziyenda kuthengo, kumunda kapena udzu. Mbuzi zimadyera udzu kwina kulikonse komwe zimakula.
• Zipatso. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimakonda nyama. Amakonda mapichesi, maapulo, mapeyala, ma apricots. Koma asanadye, mlimi amayenera kuchotsa zipatsozo pochotsa mbewuzo.
• Masamba apamwamba. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iliyonse ya nsonga pakudyetsa, kuphatikiza mbatata ndi masamba a kabichi, karoti ndi zinyalala za beet. Ndikofunika kuphatikiza mankhwalawo ndi choko chophwanyika - 1 g choko pa 1 makilogalamu a nsonga. Izi zimachepetsa acid zomwe zili muzakudya.
• Zamasamba. Chochita chopanda zinyalala chomwe nyama zimakonda - chimadyanso pamodzi ndi mizu ndi nsonga. Amaloledwa kudyetsa nyama ndi kaloti, mbatata (yophika kokha), kabichi, artichoke aku Yerusalemu, koma okhawo akanadulidwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musapatse masamba opitilira 4 makilogalamu patsiku.
• Silo. Uwu ndi mtundu wotchuka wa chakudya, womwe umadziwika ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Pulogalamu yokhala ndi kalori yokhala ndi mavitamini ambiri. Mpaka 4 kg ya mbuzi imodzi imapangidwa tsiku lililonse.

Amaloledwa kudyetsa nyama ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira.

Zakudya zozikika

Zakudya zophatikizika ziyenera kupezeka mu chakudya cha mbuzi, chifukwa zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza. Koma muyenera kupatsa chakudya moyenera kuti mupewe kudzimbidwa. Mwachitsanzo, mbewu monga tirigu ndi oats, zimapangidwa zokhazokha. Chimanga chimadyetsedwa zochuluka, apo ayi nyamayo imatha kukumana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.

Chakudya chophatikiza, keke, chinangwa chimawerengedwa ngati chakudya chamafuta - amathiridwa ndi madzi otentha maola 12 musanadye. Palibe kuchuluka kotsimikizika kwa madzi a chakudya chamagulu ndi chinangwa, ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre pa kilo 1 ya mkate ndi ufa.

Mlimi ayenera kuphatikiza mitundu iyi yazakudya kuti apange chakudya chokwanira, kuti alandire zakudya zonse zofunika.

Kodi kupanga chakudya?

Mitundu ya chakudya imayenera kuwerengedwa potengera zaka, jenda, thanzi, kulemera kwa nyama. Koma pali malamulo ena:

• mbuzi yayikulu idya koposa mbuzi yaying'ono,
• Nyama yayikulu imadya yochepera ngati mbuzi, koma yolemera chimodzimodzi.
• Mbuzi za Swan zimadya kwambiri kuposa mbuzi
• nyama zamkaka zimadyetsedwa zochuluka kuposa nyama zakufa,
• mbuzi yomwe imapereka mkaka wambiri umafunika kuti ipereke chakudya chochuluka kuposa malolactic.

Mbuzi monga zosiyanasiyana mu chakudya.Chifukwa chake zimakhala zokhutira kwambiri, zimathamanga komanso zimayenda bwino, motero zimapereka zinthu zambiri mkaka. Nyama zimangopatsidwa chakudya chatsopano.

Ndizosavomerezeka kuti mbuzi zizidyetsa nkhungu kapena udzu wowola ndi mbewu zosakhala bwino. Izi zitha kubweretsa kukula kwa matenda osiyanasiyana, kuwonongeka kwa mkaka ndikuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwake.

Chakudya choyenera chimaperekedwa kwa mtundu uliwonse wa mbuzi mu nthawi yotentha, poganizira zikhalidwe zonse. Kwa nyama imodzi, chakudya chake ndi ichi:

Zakudya zamnyengo yachisanu ndizosiyana pang'ono ndi zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa nyama munyengo yotentha:

Pafupifupi, mbuzi imodzi imadya pafupifupi makilogalamu 360-550 a chakudya chouma, 400-600 makilogalamu a chakudya chamafuta, 30-40 makilogalamu a chakudya chophatikizidwa pachaka. Mtengo wocheperako umasungidwa kwa nyama zazing'ono ndi ana, pazambiri - kwa akulu.

Zimafunika kulabadira chilakolako cha nyama. Ngati sichikudyetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe mlimi wapereka, zigawo ziyenera kukulitsidwa. Komanso, pewani kudya kwambiri, chifukwa kunenepa kwambiri kungasokoneze kuchuluka kwa mkaka. Kunenepa kwambiri ndikosafunikanso panthawi yanthito.

Kodi kudyetsa mbuzi zapakati?

Panthawi yapakati, zakudya za mbuzi sizosiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe amadya. Ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta kuti athandize nyama kubala mwana wathanzi:

• Mu theka lachiwiri la kutenga pakati, kufunikira kwa michere kumachulukitsa kangapo. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndi michere, titengera izi. Koma osamwetsa mbuzi yapakati kuti mupewe kubereka komanso kuopa kuti angatenge pathupi.
• Mbuzi zam'mawere zam'mawa zimadyetsedwa ndi mbeu zosankhika (500 g) ndi tirigu (200 g). Nthawi ya nkhomaliro amapatsa udzu wokwana kilogalamu imodzi kapena theka, ndipo pakudya chakudya chamadzulo amaphatikiza msuzi wamafuta ndi tirigu (100 g pachinthu chilichonse), udzu wa zitsamba zolimba.
• Zikatero, nyamayo imayenera kupita kumadyetsa kumene ikhoza kudya zitsamba zaziwisi mopanda malire.
• M'nyengo yozizira, zakudya zamafuta zimasinthidwa ndi chakudya chama granular, chomwe sichimasungidwa pakudya masabata awiri tsiku lakubadwa lisanachitike. Munthawi imeneyi, mbuzi imadyetsedwa ndi zakudya zopepuka komanso zowonjezera zamadzimadzi zomwe zimapangidwa mosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, amaloledwa kudyetsa ndimadzimadzi ndi phala ngati kuphika kwa chimanga chophwanyika ndi mbewu za muzu kapena tirigu wothinitsidwa wokhazikika.

Mbuzi kudyetsa pambuyo pobadwa

Pakukonzekera kubereka pakati pa nyama kumakhala kufooka mwamphamvu kwam'mimba. Zimatenga nthawi yokwanira kuti muchiritse bwino. Pakatha sabata limodzi mwana atabadwa, ndikofunikira kudyetsa mbuzi ndi zakudya zopepuka, zomwe zimayamwa mwachangu. Zomera, nyemba kuchokera ku udzu, chinangwa cha swill ndizoyenera nthawi imeneyi. Ndikwabwino kupereka chakudya chophwanyika, chomwe chimapatsa mbuzi zakudya zabwino kwambiri.

Masiku asanu ndi awiri kuyambira atabereka, mbuzi zimayamba kukonzanso. Nthawi imeneyi ndiyabwino chifukwa chakudya chovomerezeka chimaloledwa. Maziko a zakudya mukamadyetsa ndi msipu watsopano ndi mbewu za muzu. Patsiku la chilichonse, mbuzi iyenera kudya ma kilogalamu anayi. Izi ndi zomwe zimapereka kuyamwa mwachangu mu unamwino zazikazi.

Mitundu yazodyetsa

Kupambana kwa kubereka mbuzi kumadalira kasamalidwe koyenera ka zakudya. Pachifukwa ichi, mlimi ayenera kudziwa zakudya zomwe mbuzi ili nazo, ndi chakudya chake. Pazaka zosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi zosiyanasiyana pachaka, zakudya zomwe nyama imadya zimasintha. Mbuzi zimafunikira mavitamini, mapuloteni. Kuperewera kwa mchere kumatha kudzetsa thanzi.

Dyetsani mbuzi iyenera kukonzedwa mosamalitsa. Amakonda kudya oats osankhidwa, chinangwa, chakudya chochuluka, nandolo, nyemba, molasses, chimanga, barele, beets wofiira, kusenda mbatata ndi udzu. Muyenera kuwonjezera mchere pazakudya.

Kulemera kwapangidweyo - kumakhala kwabwino kwa nyamayo, makamaka nyengo yozizira, pomwe kulibe njira yoyendetsera mbuzi kumabusa. Kuphatikiza apo, m'chilimwe mutha kupatsa maapulo, malalanje ndi masamba. M'nyengo yozizira, kuchuluka kwa mavitamini kumapangidwanso ndi udzu wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kodi kudyetsa nyama nthawi yozizira?

M'nyengo yozizira, udzu ndiwo chakudya chachikulu - zokolola zomwe mbuzi zimafunikira. Amaloledwa kupereka udzu, koma siwopatsa thanzi monga udzu. Mbuzi ndi nyama zopanda chidwi, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizidyetsa ndi udzu wapamwamba kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti zizikhala ndi masamba. 2.5-3 kg wa hay pa mbuzi patsiku, 1.8-2.2 kg pa mbuzi iliyonse, 0,8-1 kg pa mwana aliyense.

Ngati mulibe udzu wambiri m'matoko, ndizovomerezeka kuusintha ndi ma broom, koma onetsetsani kuti mupereka udzu wambiri wa 1 kg. Broom amapatsa zidutswa 5 patsiku. Alimi ambiri amakonda kukolola masamba a nyama chifukwa nthawi yozizira amazigwiritsa ntchito kugona ngati chakudya. Chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha mbuzi ndimasamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono za spruce ndi paini.

M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimapatsidwanso masamba aliwonse, owiritsa, wowuma kapena yaiwisi. Musanadye tchizi za mbuzi ndi ndiwo zamasamba, zimatsukidwa ndikuzidula kuti zizikhala zosavuta kudya. Kuphatikiza pa masamba, ndizovomerezeka kupereka zipatso kwa nyama.

Ndikofunikanso kuphatikiza mavitamini ndi mchere pazakudya. Mchere umayikidwa mu mawonekedwe a lick kapena woperekedwa pamlingo wa 6-8 g wa mbuzi yamkaka ndi 10 g pa coyang. Chakudya chamfupa ndi choko ndizowonjezeranso ku menyu.

Ndi chakudya choyenera m'thupi la mbuzi, zida zonse zofunikira ziyenera kukhala zokwanira, koma oweta mbuzi ambiri amalimbikitsa kuwonjezera mavitamini pazakudya ngati zolinga zodzitetezera. Zitha kukhala zothandiza makamaka kwa mbuzi zazitali komanso zamkaka zambiri. Mavitamini amawayika kuti akhale chakudya kapena mkate.

Kodi kuwonjezera zokolola?

Mbuzi ikamadya mosayenera, sayenera kuyembekezera zabwino mkaka kuchokera kwa iye. Kudyetsa zakudya zopatsa thanzi moyenera kumathandizira kuwonjezera mkaka. M'chilimwe, zokolola zabwino zamkaka zimaperekedwa ndi msipu wobiriwira wobiriwira - kuchokera pamenepo nyama zimalandira zambiri zomwe zimafunikira.

M'nyengo yozizira, zakudya zotere sizipezeka, koma zitha kulipirira kuchepa kwake ndi udzu komanso tsache lomwe lidakonzedwa kale kuchokera kunthambi za mitengo. Koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti mbuzi zimafunikira zakudya zosiyanasiyana.

Chakudya chophatikiza, chakudya chamafuta, tirigu ndi michere yamavitamini chimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakupanga mkaka. Kuphatikiza apo, kuti zitheke bwino, ndikofunikira kuti nyama zizipezeka nthawi zonse kuti zikhale zoyera, makamaka madzi ofunda.

Momwe mungadyetsere mbuzi

Kudyetsa ndiye njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira mbuzi. Kaya mbuzi yanu ndi yani, zilibe kanthu kuti mumayikira bwanji ndipo ngakhale mutayesetsa bwanji kuisamalira, ngati simupereka chakudya chokwanira, ndiye kuti sizotheka kupeza zokolola zabwino za mkaka (fluff, ana). Munkhaniyi tikambirana za momwe mungadyetsere mbuzi, komanso za zinthu zomwe siziyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya, kapena mosamala.

Kodi mbuzi imadya chiyani?

• imagwiritsa ntchito (tirigu, mafuta amafuta),
• nsipu (udzu, udzu, udzu, chakudya cha masamba),
• chakudya chabwino (udzu, ma silage, mbewu za mizu),
• zowonjezera (mchere, mavitamini).

Mukamalemba chakudya, chidzalo chake, kusiyanasiyana kwake komanso kusungika kwake zimaganiziridwa. Kuti zokolola zamkaka sizimalumpha tsiku ndi tsiku (mwina chidebe kapena supuni), ndipo thanzi sizichitika, ndikofunikira kuti zakudya zatsiku ndi tsiku zizikhala zofanana chaka chonse. Inde, pali kusiyana pakati pa kudya nthawi yachisanu ndi chilimwe, koma kusintha pakati pawo kuyenera kukhala kosavuta momwe kungathekere.

Pansi pa chiberekero

Njira zokulira mbuzizi zimangogwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha ngati mbuzi ipatsa mkaka wochepa. Pambuyo pobadwa, ana amasiyidwa ndi amayi awo mpaka atakwanitsa miyezi 3-4.Pa nthawi imeneyi, ana kudya zawo. Koma akatembenukira milungu itatu, choko ndi mchere zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya - magalamu asanu aliyense. Pazaka zitatu miyezi, kuchuluka kwa choko ndi mchere kumawirikiza.

Ngati mbuzi si mkaka mayi mokwanira, iwo kuyang'ana Taphunzira ndi ofooka, ndiye mu mwezi 1 iwo anayamba kuganizira - za magalamu 20-30 patsiku. Pang'onopang'ono, chizolowezi ichi chikuyenera kuwonjezeka, pofika miyezi itatu ana aang'ono patsiku azidya pafupifupi 300 g zama chakudya chamagulu. Pazaka za miyezi 3.5, nyamazo zimayimitsidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kwa mayi wa mbuzi ndikusinthidwa kukhala zazakudya zazikulu.

General maonekedwe a chakudya ndi kudyetsa mbuzi

• Mbewu monga chimanga ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi zinthu wamba ndizofanana ndi zamafuta ambuzi zamkaka, koma zimakhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa.
• Mbewu za chimanga ndi gwero labwino kwambiri lopatsa mphamvu chakudya (wowuma), amene akawonjezeredwa kuti adye limakulitsa mphamvu ya chakudya. Komabe, amaika Kuwonjezera wa tirigu chakudya kumachepetsa kutafuna ntchito disrupts kugwira ntchito kwa chilonda ndipo kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta mu mkaka.
• Zogulitsa zoukira komanso zodulira mbewu ndi zinthu zabwino zopatsa mphamvu zomanga thupi ndi mapuloteni.
• Zomera zodziwika bwino ndi ma tubers ndi gwero labwino kwambiri lamafuta ochulukitsa, koma okhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa.
• Ndi malonda a makampani shuga - izo vysokousvaivaemaya CHIKWANGWANI (Beet zamkati) kapena dzuwa chosavuta (uchi) zomwe zimachititsa chakudya ndi palatability mkulu.
• Zomera zamafuta zimakhala ndi lipids, chifukwa chake ndizodyetsa zamphamvu kwambiri.
• Mafuta a "oilcake" ndi "protein" ya mbuzi yamkaka. mbewu Leguminous muli zinthu zoipa, koma pambuyo processing yoyenera, iwo ndi gwero wabwino wa mphamvu ndi zomanga thupi.
• Mapuloteni achikhalidwe cha nyama sagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa rumen ndipo amachokera ku calcium ndi phosphorous. Ayenera kuthandizidwa mwapadera kuti apewe kutenga kachilombo ka bacteria.
• Popeza nyemba muli kashiamu kuposa udzu, zakudya Amakhala makamaka wa nyemba amafuna zochepa yowonjezera calcium.
• Chifukwa chakuti roughage (chakudya) chimakhala ndi phosphorous yocheperako kuposa momwe imafunira mbuzi yamkaka, nthawi zambiri zowonjezera phosphorous zimafunikira muzakudya.

Pakudya, mitundu ingapo yazakudya yamtundu womwewo iyenera kukonzekera. Choncho, ngati limafotokoza mbuzi ntchito barele, tirigu, mpendadzuwa chakudya. Kuphatikiza pa hay, nthambi ndi haylage zimafunika. Silo othandizira kaloti, mbatata, kabichi. Koma zinthu zonsezi ayenera kulandira mbuzi tsiku lililonse, n'zosatheka kutero lero mbuzi imodzi kudyetsedwa nsipu ndi limafotokoza anapatsidwa mawa silage.

Kuopsa kwa poizoni kumachulukirachulukira: M'nthawi yozizira nyama zosasamalidwa sizilandira chakudya chobiriwira ndipo zikamadya mwadyera, mosasamala zimadyanso udzu.

Ndikofunikira kukonzekera chakudya chanu chaka chino. Ngati muli ndi kuchepa kwa udzu, ndi bwino kuyamba mwakamodzi kuwonjezera pang'ono udzu, kuposa m'chaka, inu zinasintha kudula barele udzu.

Chakudya chobiriwira

Zakudya za masamba obiriwira ndi gawo lanyama zopezeka m'zakudya zopatsidwa kwa nyama zatsopano. Mtundu uwu wa chakudya ndi gwero yotsika mtengo wa zakudya mosavuta kwa ziweto. Pazakudya zapakhomo zapakhomo, zimatha 25-25% ya mphamvu ya chakudya, komanso muzakudya za mbuzi za chilimwe - 75-85% kapena kuposa.

Izi mbewu zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podyetsa komanso:

• udzu - ryegrass osatha, Chitaliyana ryegrass, hedgehog gulu, Kentucky bluegrass, brome, foxtail, bentgrass, fescue wamtali,
• nyemba - clover, vesi, nyemba, nthenga, lupine,
• wopachika - radish wamafuta, nthawi yachisanu ndi yakugwiririra, kabichi wa furu, kugwiriridwa.

Wobiriwira wolemera carotene ndi mapuloteni, makamaka gawo oyambirira a nyengo kukula (ikuphukira, earing), anthu ambiri amene osachepera kucha wa zomera yafupika, ndi youma nkhani okhutira ndi CHIKWANGWANI - ukuwonjezeka. Maembe ndi chimanga ndiye gwero lalikulu la nyama zosakaniza mkaka. Kumayambiriro kwa kucha, zitsambazi ndizothandiza kwambiri pomanga thupi, carotene, calcium ndi mchere wina.

Green kudula - gulu la zomera forage, amene pambuyo kudula pansi munda, ndipo kenako kudyetsedwa kwa ziweto m'khola. Mwanjira imeneyi, mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba, udzu waku Sudan, chimanga ndi manyumwa, achiwewe, rye yozizira, komanso zotsalira za mbewu zamasamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Iyi ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yopezera chakudya. The ntchito forage ndi mkulu mndandanda wa zakudya kuchokera kudziko pa malo wagawo, mtengo wotsika ntchito ndi chuma poyerekeza ndi udzu, haylage kapena silage.

Silo

Silage ndiye chakudya chabwino kwambiri nthawi yachisanu. 1 makilogalamu chakudya silage lili 0.16-0.20. mayunitsi, 1.8-2.3 MJ wa mphamvu kagayidwe, 11-15 g wa zomanga thupi, 15-20 mg wa carotene. Kusungidwa kwa zakudya panthawi ya silage kumathandizidwa ndikusungidwa kwa lactic komanso pang'ono mwa ma acetic acid posowa mpweya. The lactic mabakiteriya asidi pa ensilage chakudya shuga thovu mu lactic (asidi mwina acetic).

Mbewu zazikulu za silage ndi chimanga. Mbewu zabwino zambiri tsopano ndi udzu, manyuchi ndi manyuchi odziwika ku Sudan. Zinachitikira tingaphunzire mu minda umaonetsa Mwachangu mkulu wa mbewu wosakaniza mbewu silage ndi vetch, nandolo, bobovozlakovymi zosakaniza, kulima chimanga cha luso tirigu.

Kudyetsa mbuzi kuyambira A mpaka Z

M'nyengo yotentha, mbuzi yamkaka imadya udzu wambiri wa 5-6 pa msipu, zomwe sizokwanira kupanga mkaka. Muyenera kulowa limafotokoza - 0,35 makilogalamu. Itha kukhala chisakanizo cha chimanga, makamaka chophwanyika (tart).

Udzuwo usakukwanira kapena kugwa kwamvula yambiri, mbuzi zimaperekedwa ndi maudzu achomera ndi mitengo yamitengo (msondodzi, birch, aspen, mapulo, phulusa, phulusa laphiri). Koposa zonse iwo monga nthambi ya msondodzi. Simuyenera kupereka pafupipafupi ndipo ambiri amapereka birch - kamodzi masiku angapo, kusinthana ndi mitengo ina yolimba. Pazakudya, makilogalamu awiri a brooms m'malo mwa 1 makilogalamu a udzu. mbuzi imodzi kungaononge zidutswa 5 pa tsiku.

Mukamagawa chakudya mbuzi, mchere ndi mavitamini ndizofunikira kwambiri. 10-15 g (supuni yapamwamba) ya choko kapena chakudya cham'mafupa ndi 10 g (supuni) yamchere ya tebulo (makamaka ayodini) amaperekedwa patsiku.

Zima zothandiza mbuzi coniferous ulusi (10-15 ga pa mutu) monga gwero la mavitamini ndi kufufuza zinthu.

Kudyetsa ana

Monga lamulo, mbuzi zathanzi zimayandikira kwa amayi awo ndikuyamwa. Koma ngati mwana sachita izi, muyenera kudzala izo mwanjira yake ndi kudyetsa colostrum mayi.

Ndikofunika kuphunzitsa ana kuti azidya chakudya chochuluka komanso azigwiritsa ntchito mofulumira. Kuyambira patsiku la 10 la moyo, ana amayamba kuyesa udzu, udzu ndi kusakanikirana kosakanikirana kwa zinthu zopukutira mosavuta, zodya bwino, zomanga thupi komanso zopatsa mphamvu: njere za barele, tirigu, triticale, nandolo pang'ono.

Mu nyama mbuzi kozovodstve ulesi wa nkhosa pa tsiku la mtsogolo (kwa miyezi inayi.) Kotero kuti iwo alandire pazipita kuchuluka kwa zakudya ndi mkaka. Pakulima mbuzi zamkaka, kuyamwa koyamwa kwa ana ang'ono (pafupifupi miyezi iwiri) kumawoneka kopindulitsa kwambiri - mkaka ukamapangika ukakhala woyenera wathanzi la anthu.

Atasiya kuyamwa adakali aang'ono, mbuzi zimadyetsedwa mkaka wa ng'ombe - 1 makilogalamu a mbuzi ndi 1.5 makilogalamu mbuzi. limafotokoza ponseponse mu miyezi 2 - 50-80 ga ndi miyezi 3 iwo kudya pa 120-180 ga

Kudyetsa ana nyama pambuyo pa miyezi inayi kuyenera kusinthidwa poganizira za ukazi, zaka, kulemera kwakanthawi komanso phindu lomwe limapezeka tsiku lililonse.M'madongosolo athu, chakudya chachikulu ndi udzu, shrubber, wokhala ndi chakudya chochuluka, 0,5 kg yazakudya zozikika zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya.

Kudyetsa mbuzi

Opanga Mwezi ndi theka musanathe, mbuzi zimayamba kudyetsa zochuluka. Poterepa, miyambo imadalira mtundu wa kubereka, kunenepa kwambiri, kulemera kwamoyo, msinkhu komanso katundu wogonana.

Munthawi yosasinthika, zakudya za mbuzi zimaphatikizanso udzu wa msipu (kuyambira makilogalamu 5 mpaka 7), masamba odula. Mwangozi, kufunikira kwawo kwa mphamvu ndi mapuloteni kumawonjezeka, komanso kusakanikirana kwa zinthu zophatikiza ndi chimanga, chimanga champhesa, mafuta amkaka, chakudya, zina zowonjezera mchere zimawonjezeredwa ku menyu - kuchokera pa 0,4 kg.

Kudyetsa atsikana ambuzi

Chiberekero. Nthawi ziwiri zovuta ziyenera kusiyanitsidwa pamene mbuzi zikufuna kudyetsedwa bwino: Masabata awiri musanathenso ndi milungu itatu itadutsa mbuzi. Pakadali pano, nthawi yozizira amapatsidwa udzu wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yotentha amasinthidwa kukhala msipu wokhala ndi udzu wabwino. Mutha kudyetsa mbuzi m'magulu a 15-20 m'makola, omwe amamangidwa ndi waya kapena ma waya womata wokhala ndi mzere wa 25-30 cm.

Kukula kwabwinobwino kwa nyama zazing'ono, komanso mkaka wawo wotsatira, zimadalira gulu loyenera kudyetsa chiberekero cha sucrose. M'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya mwana wosabadwayo, mwana wosabadwayo amakula pang'onopang'ono, mpaka amafikira 10% okha mwa kuchuluka kwa mwana wakhanda, motero njira zake za chiberekero zimachepa kwambiri. Kuchokera hafu yachiwiri ya kusasinthasintha, chiberekero chimapatsidwa chakudya chabwino kwambiri, malo abwino kwambiri odyetsa malo amagawidwa, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, amadyetsedwa ndi ma protein.

Ndikofunika kutchera khutu ku mtundu wa chakudya panthawi ya mbuzi, ndi mkaka wotsatira. Ukadzaza chiberekero, chiberekero chimaperekedwa kwa nkhumba kuchokera ku chinangwa, kuchuluka kwa chakudya chochulukitsidwa kumakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono ndikusamutsira kuzakudya zokhazokha mkati mwa masiku 5-7.

Kuberekera chiberekero pachilimwe kumalandila makilogalamu 6.7 a msipu ndi msipu wamasamba, nthawi yozizira - mpaka 2 makilogalamu a udzu, pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu a mbewu zomwe zili, 0,5 makilogalamu a udzu wamasamba. Chiwerengero cha zimafikira, kutengera mtundu ndi zotengera - 0,4 kg. Kuphatikiza apo, ndibwino kudyetsa iwo ngati nyama.

Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe awa akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito: ufa wa chimanga kapena tirigu (barele) - 40-45%, chinangwa - 35, rapeseed kapena mpendadzuwa chakudya - 15-20, chakudya cham'migodi - 2-5%. Zakudya zimapatsidwa chakudya poganizira kufunika kwa mphamvu, mapuloteni, CHIKWANGWANI, calcium, phosphorous, sodium chloride, chitsulo, nthaka, manganese, cobalt, ayodini, carotene, mavitamini D ndi E.

Kufunika kwa madzi a kozomatok kumadalira nyengo, kupatsa mphamvu kwa msipu wodyetsa chakudya ndikuchokera ku malita atatu.

Pakadutsa, mbuzi zidzafunika:

• Hay - 400-450 kg kwa akulu ndi 200-250 kg kwa nyama zazing'ono, udzu (wa mbuzi zachikulire - 15-20 kg),
• chakudya chokoma (kaloti, beets chakudya, shuga ndi theka-shuga, mbatata, kabichi, dzungu, maapulo, zukini, silage) - 150-200 makilogalamu, ma broom (osiyana) - zidutswa 80-100,
• imagwiritsa ntchito (tirigu wa oats, chimanga, barele) kapena chakudya chamagulu - 40-50 kg.

Zomwe zimadyetsa mbuzi komanso kudyetsa mbuzi nthawi yachilimwe

Zikuchitika kuti mumadyetsa mbuzi pamalo pomwe pali udzu wambiri, ndipo amasiya kudya, ngati kuti akhuta. Koma ndikofunikira, mwachitsanzo, kusunthira m'nkhalangozi, nyama zimayamba kudya masamba ndi umbombo, ngati kuti usana uno asanafe ndi njala.

Mwakufuna kwawo, mbuzi sizimadya kwa nthawi yayitali m'malo amodzi. Amangoyang'ana mbewu zatsopano. Mwina ndichifukwa chake mkaka wawo uchiritsa kwambiri? Ndipo pobwerera kwanu kuchokera msipu, mbuzi sizingakane kudya china chilichonse, mwachitsanzo, oats, kudula maapulo ngakhale udzu.

Ngati mbuzi idadya moyenera, imatha kuwoneka m'mbali zake zazikulu. Mbuzi yathunthu ili ndi m'mimba wofanana ndi mbiya. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa machulukidwe ndi kufinya kowawa komwe kumapezeka mu nyama mukamadya pa deware lamadzi amchere ndi timbewu zazomera zobiriwira. Mbuzi yathanzi imafuna kutafuna chingamu, koma mbuzi yodwala siyatero. Pachiwiri, amafunika chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Podziwa zonsezi, ndizovuta kuyang'ana mbuzi zomwe zimakhala tsiku lonse kumangidwa m'munda. Eni ake amaganiza kuti mbuzi imayenera kudya udzu wonse womwe uli pachifukwa ichi. Koma izi sizingachitike, chifukwa pamenepo amakakamizidwa kulolera kuyenda ndikuvutika ndi zosowa. Koma mbuzi ndi nyama yofinya.

Kudyetsa kwaulere

Tulutsani chiweto chanu mumsewu womwe udzu umakula. Zikuwoneka kuti apa mutha kudya chilichonse osathamangira kulikonse. Komabe, ngati mbewuzo zimanunkhira zimbudzi kapena mankhwala ena, mbuzi sizingadye. Ndipo ngakhale mwiniwake atawotcha udzu ndikuuyika mu nazale, nyama yanzeruyo imasanja mosamala, nkusasiya yambiri. Chifukwa chake pamapeto pake, "ukwati" uwu ungoyenera kutayidwa.

Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi zipatso zambiri zamkaka, ndiye osasunga mbuziyo tsiku lonse m'malo amodzi, osakakamiza kudya udzu wonyansa, osamwalira ndi njala. Kuphatikiza apo, agalu, osochera ndi oweta, amatha kuluma mbuzi yomangidwa. Zimachitikanso kuti mbuzi imafa chifukwa cha kukomoka, yopindika unyolo kapena chingwe.

Mbuzi zina zomwe zimakhala kunja kwa midzi zimaloleza kuti nyama zawo zizidyera zokha, osazisunga ndikusiyira chitseko cha pafamuyo. Nthawi zambiri, mbuzi sizimakhala kutali ndi kwawo ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi zimabwelera kubwaloli kukamwa madzi ndikudzigonera mumthunzi.

Koma nthawi zina amayenda mopitilira zomwe amayenera ndipo sabwerera. Mwina amwalira pansi pa gudumu lamagalimoto ndi sitima kapena kugwera m'mano a agalu otchulidwa kale. Ndipo mwachilengedwe, mbuzi, zosiyidwa ndi zida zawo, nthawi zambiri zimakwera m'minda ya anthu ena ndi m'minda yamasamba, komwe zimavulaza mbewu zachikhalidwe. Chifukwa cha izi, anthu okwiya amatha kumenya nyama, kapenanso kupha.

M'nyengo yotentha, ndibwino kudyetsa nyama kwa maola atatu m'mawa ndi kuchuluka komweko masana kubusa, kudzaza ndi zitsamba ndi zitsamba zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo kunyumba ndikofunikira kudyetsa udzu. Ziyenera kukhala nthawi zonse podyera! Masana, mbuzi zimayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chatsopano chamafuta - maapulo, beets kapena kabichi. Ndipo "chakudya chamadzulo" - mbatata yophika ndi ufa, kapena oats, kapena chakudya chamagulu.

Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti, poyenda ndi mwini wake, mbuzizo mwadala ndikupita kulikonse komwe zingafune. Nthawi zambiri, mbuzi yakale (kapena mbuzi) imapita nayo. Ndikwabwino kutenga "mtsogoleri" pamtundu wautali kwambiri. Mbuzi iliyonse ikakhala kuti ikusaka, uzisiyira khola, kuti usathawe kuyang'ana mbuzi.

Upangiri wabwino kwa oweta mbuzi omwe alibe mwayi woweta ziweto zawo pamalo odyetsa bwino, koma amakakamizidwa kumanga m'munda kapena kuwadyetsa udzu watsopano.

Onetsetsani kuti mwaziphatikiza ndi zotsatirazi zamafuta azakudya mbuzi: chamomile, yarrow, tansy, nthula, Chernobyl, burdock, quinoa, sorelo yamahatchi, chowawa chowawa, celandine ndi wort wa St. John (atatu omaliza ndi ochepa).

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa zazitsamba izi zimathandizira thanzi la mbuzi ndikuthandizira mkaka wabwino. Koma pewani mbewu zapoizoni monga hemlocked, henbane, hogweed.

Monga choncho Onani malangizo athu odyetsa mbuzi.

Amvera kuChingwe changa cha ng'ombe , pamaso pa zambiri zosangalatsa za nyama.

Mitundu yazakudya

Zakudya za mmera makamaka mitundu yamadzimadzi. Mulinso udzu wambiri wobiriwira: uwu ndi msipu wobiriwira, msipu wobiriwira, ngakhale zitsamba. Kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukula kwa mbewu zomwe zimamera. Ngati nkotheka kuweta gulu la ziweto chaka chonse, ndiye funso: momwe mungadyetsere mbuzi m'chilimwe, limasankhidwa lokha. Zakudya zaphikidwe ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri komanso ndizothandiza kwambiri chakudya ngakhale kumadera akumpoto.

Mitengo yomwe yamera ndi yofunikira:

Mbuzi zimadyera sedge, mthethe, ndi zitsamba zina bwino ku msipu, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala nsanja za mapiri ndi theka.Ngati gawo lomwe lakonzedwera kuti liyende pafupi ndi m'mphepete, masamba obiriwira, a bulauni, ofiira ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakudya. Zimayambitsidwa mwatsopano muzosakaniza zakunyowa. Kukhazikika komwe malowa ali ndikofunikira kuti asankhe mbuzi zoyenera kudya.

Kukweza kwambiri gawo linalake la msipu kumakhala chifukwa cha kukokoloka, kutsika kwa zipatso. Kuti tisunge zokometsera zabwino, nthawi zambiri zimasinthanitsidwa ndi zouma: mbewu zouma zomwe zimatsalira mutakolola. Pamodzi ndi iye, amadyetsa masamba a kabichi, nsonga za beet, kaloti, zipatso, ngakhale zonyansa zamalonda, zomwe mbuzi imadya modzipereka.

Masamba obiriwira obiriwira, kupeza silage. Izi ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yozizira. Chotsirizidwa chimapezeka pakatha miyezi itatu. Munthawi imeneyi, zimadutsa magawo a zinthu monga:

• kutchetcha
• kusenda
• kulowa mkati.
• kuwononga ndi pogona.

Zakudya zouma ndi njere zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa mwaufulu. Kusakaniza kumaphatikizapo: barele, tirigu, mpunga.

Ufa wa barele ndi wofunikira kwambiri kuti kunenepa kwa nyama zamkaka ndikuphe. Kwa opanga mbuzi zamkaka ndi mbuzi, chakudya sichingakhale chothandiza kwambiri: kupeza mafuta, chiberekero chimatulutsa mkaka wocheperako. Amuna achonde sangathe kuthana ndi udindo wawo kuphimba zazikazi.

Tirigu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazakudya za nyama: ali ndi mapuloteni, mchere wofunikira ndi mchere. Ufa wopanda tirigu siothandiza kwenikweni. Imakonda kuwonjezeredwa pakuphatikizidwa ndi ma nyemba, zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndizofunikira kuwonjezera osati za artiodactyl.

Mbuzi zamtundu wanji zomwe zimapereka

Mafuta ndi chakudya chamtengo wapatali kwambiri, koma pokhapokha chokhwima. Makanema ovunda omwe amaphimba, omwe amatha kupitilira 40%. Amachepetsa zopatsa thanzi. Mafuta opsa amaphatikiza vitamini B4 wambiri. Kuperewera kwake kumakhudzanso kuchepa kwa ntchito ya maselo a thupi la nyama, zomwe zimachepetsa kupezeka kwa mbuzi m'thupi komanso mkaka.

Zakudya zozikika (zopangidwa) zimaphatikizapo mbewu ndi mbewu monga chimanga, nyemba, komanso zinthu zina zamafuta. Gululi limaphatikizapo mbewu zouma zouma.

Zakudya zopangidwa kale ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakudya kwa mbuzi, chifukwa zopangidwa mwandondomeko zimakhudza bwino ubweya wambuzi.

Mwachitsanzo, chimanga chili ndi mapuloteni ambiri. Mbewuzo zimakhala ndi mafuta, ulusi. Mbuzi zimakonda kudya zobiriwira zobiriwira. Kulima chimanga nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizidwa ndi mbewu za masamba a soya, soya. Mukamakolola minda yotereyi, zomerazi zimamalizidwa.

Kuphatikizidwa kwa chakudya chotsirizidwa nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi chinangwa. Izi zimapezeka m'migayo pakakonzedwe ka tirigu.

Ubweya wa beet umawonedwa ngati wopatsa thanzi: watsopano, ndi chakudya cham'madzi chomwe chimakhala choyenera kudyetsa mbuzi zamkaka. Zofunikanso kwa iwo zidzakhala chakudya cha ma mol mol.

Zomera za m'midzi - gulu lofunika la chakudya momwe muli mavitamini ambiri, chakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, ma beets a shuga, kaloti, swede, turnips, mbatata, nyama zimawoneka zosangalatsa. Pazakudya, izi sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa ntchito yolima ndiyovuta.

Kuti chisanu nthawi yozizira isungidwe zimafunika kusungidwa. Zomera zofunikira zimafunikira kukonzekera musanadyetse: zimayenera kutsukidwa, kudula bwino.

Zomwe siziyenera kuperekedwa kwa mbuzi

Zomera zapoizoni, zomwe sizoyenera kudya nyama, nthawi zambiri zimagwera mu udzu wa msipu. Zowopsa zina za lupine: ma alkaloids amachititsa kugwedezeka mumbuzi, ziwalo zoberekera zimavutikanso. Pali zinthu zapoizoni m'zomera zomwe zimawononga chiwindi.

Fern amadziwikanso kuti ndi poizoni. Nthawi yomweyo, sangapatsidwe zouma kapena zatsopano. Pambuyo pakugwiritsidwa ntchito, mavuto ndi mgwirizano wogwirizana amawonekera. Kukula kwa thupi kumacheperachepera, kapena sikukula konse.

Ma alkaloids omwe akukhudza dongosolo lamanjenje amakhala ndi hellebore. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mavoliyumu akulu, ngakhale kufa kumachitika.

Pali chiwopsezo cha mbuzi akamadya izi:

Chakudya chowola ndi chowola

Matendawa amatenga mbewu zaulimi nthawi zambiri. Ergot nthawi zambiri amakhudza rye, tirigu, barele, oats. Mafangayi amapezeka mumtundu wa tirigu mumdima wakuda: njere iyi iyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi zida zapadera. Oyendetsa bizinesi amalimbikitsa kutchetcha udzu wa chimanga m'malire a minda.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda

Zodabwitsazi zimachitika chifukwa cha ukhondo woyenera wa malo osungirako zakudya. Yesetsani kufesa mbewu pazomera:

Pali akangaude ndi agulugufe m'makola. Mwachitsanzo, buluzi wa gulugufe amatulutsa chinthu choopsa chomwe chimakhudza matumbo a nyama. Balere yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kameneka amayambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba mbuzi. Chifukwa cha nthata, tirigu wosungunula amakhala wowawa ndipo amanunkhira kosasangalatsa. Chakudya chomwe chimayambitsa matenda ambiri chimayambitsa mavutidwe, nthawi zina chimatha kupha akuluakulu.

Mabulosi amabweretsa zowonongeka zambiri m'matangadza. Kukula, amaikira mazira, mbozi. Pupae amagwiritsidwa ntchito podyetsa zinthu kuchokera ku chakudya, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, amasintha kukhala ma capubs omwe amalumikizana ndi ma cobwebs, omwe samalola mbuzi kudyetsedwa.

Pofuna kupewa masheya, amalangizidwa kuti muzimutsuka ndi madzi ndiume musanadye.

Mbatata yobiriwira

Zomera zomera komanso zobiriwira zimaphatikizapo glucoalkaloid solanine; mbuzi za ndakatulo ndizoletsedwa mbatata zosaphika ndi masamba obiriwira. Ngakhale madzi omwe masamba omwe adaphikawo sakuvomerezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito. Amaloledwa kulowamo chakudya chochepa, koma pamodzi ndi zakudya zina zopatsa thanzi.

Zomwe zimachitika podyetsa mbuzi

Mphamvu za wopanga zazimuna ndizofunikira m'mibadwo yamtsogolo. Nthawi zambiri, abambo amadzipezera okha chakudya chambiri chodyetsa. Koma ngakhale nthawi yotentha, abusa amalangizira kuwonjezera za zakudyazo: itha kukhala nyemba za nyemba kapena masipu a zipatso. Kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi ndi 0.6-0.8 kg pambuzi imodzi patsiku. Opanga sayenera kukhala opezeka bwino, koma mawonekedwe abwino.

M'nyengo yozizira, ayenera kulandira zakudya zopatsa thanzi:

• nyemba za nyemba - 35-40%,
• mitundu yowutsa mudyo - 25%,
• amakhala - 40%.

Pakukonzekera nyengo yakukhwima, kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe ndi pafupifupi:

• 2-2,5 kg wa hay,
• 1 makilogalamu a mizu mbewu (mwachitsanzo mbatata).

Kudyetsa pakati pa kubereka kuyenera kuphatikizapo mitundu yazakudya zosiyanasiyana. Palibe kuyesayesa kochokera ku mbuzi, koma muyenera kupeza mphamvu, kotero, magwiritsidwe ake ayenera kukhala okwanira - mpaka 1 kg patsiku liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa munthu m'modzi.

Zakudya zamphongo zizikhala ndi:

• 2-2,5 kg wa hay,
• 1 makilogalamu a mbatata
• 1 makilogalamu a limafotokoza.

Nthawi yakukhwima nthawi zambiri imagwera podyetsa msipu. Kuphatikiza pa udzu, mbuzi zikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera:

• oats - 1 kg
• mafuta - 0,2 kg
• chinangwa - 0,2 kg
• kaloti - 0,5 makilogalamu
• mazira - 1-2 ma PC.

M'malo mwa madzi, opanga munyengo yakukhwima amamwa mosinthika.

Ndi katundu wolemera pa mbuzi - kuchokera kwa akazi atatu kapena kupitilira apo - wopangayo akuwonjezeredwa:

• mpendadzuwa chakudya - 0,1 kg,
• nandolo - 0,2 kg
• beets - 1 makilogalamu.

Kuti nyama ikhale ndi chitetezo chokwanira, mavitamini owonjezera amathandizidwa pazakudya.

Mndandanda wodyetsa mbuzi

Malamulo odyetsa ayenera kukhala olongosoka nthawi zonse, moyenera - maola 6-7. Ndikofunika kukonza zakudya zitatu ndi chakudya chotsatira.

Kodi kudyetsa mbuzi nthawi yozizira? Poyamba amapereka mitundu yokhazikika, ndiye kuti imakhala yowutsa mudyo, ndipo pamapeto imakhala yoyipa. Mwachitsanzo, m'mawa maola ndibwino kupatsa chakudya komanso mizu, masana - udzu kapena silage, madzulo - udzu wamasana ndi ma tsache.

Zakudya zamunthu aliyense patsiku:

Mbuzi zimatha kudyetsedwa chakudya, koma ndi bwino kuchita izi m'mawa kapena masana.

Ndikofunikira kuganizira zamagetsi zomwe zimafunikira tsiku ndi tsiku: kuperewera kwa mcherewu kumakhudza kuchepa kwa ntchito yofunika. Chofunikira tsiku ndi tsiku chithandizire pa kilogalamu imodzi yazakudya:

• sodium - 2g,
• magnesium - 2g,
• salfa - 1.5 g
• mkuwa - 10 mg
• zinc - 0,75 mg
• ayodini - 0,2 mg.

Mitundu yamafuta amchere

Kuchokera ku dzinalo zikuwonekeratu kuti mtundu uwu wa zakudya umapangidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito zamoyo zamitundu mitundu:

1. Udzu - chinthu chotsika mtengo komanso chotsika mtengo kwambiri m'zakudya - ndikokwanira kubweretsa nyama kubusa kumunda, nkhalango, udzu, dambo. Mbuzi zimakonda kudya udzu m'malo alionse omwe zimakula.
2. Ma nsonga zamasamba - Mitundu yamtundu uliwonse ndi yoyenera kuchokera ku masamba a kabichi ndi mbatata kuwononga beets ndi kaloti. Poterepa, ndikofunikira kusakaniza malonda ndi choko chophwanyika muyezo wa 1 gramu pa kilogalamu 1. Izi zimachepetsa acid zomwe zili muzakudya.
3. Silo ndi mtundu wodziwika bwino wodyetsa chifukwa cha zakudya zake: zopatsa mphamvu zambiri zopatsa mphamvu komanso mavitamini osiyanasiyana pamapangidwe ake. Kubwezeretsa kwathunthu kwa udzu - tikulimbikitsidwa kupereka mpaka 4 kilogalamu pa tsiku.
4. Zamasamba ndizopanda zinthu zomwe zimasakaza zomwe mbuzi zimadya mosangalala pamodzi ndi mizu ndi nsonga! Beets, Yerusalemu artichoke, kaloti, kabichi, mbatata (yophika kokha) - zonsezi zimaperekedwa mwanjira yosweka. Ndikofunika kuti musapatsenso ma kilogalamu anayi patsiku.
5. Zipatso ndimakonda mbuzi. Mapichesi, maapulo, ma apricots ndi mapeyala ndizomwe amakonda. Chachikulu ndikuwulula zipatso za mbewu musanadye.

Monga mukuwonera, zakudya zamtunduwu zimatha kuperekedwa nthawi ya chilimwe komanso nthawi yozizira.

Mbuzi amakonda masamba atsopano

Kuchulukitsa kupanga mkaka ndi chakudya chamagulu

Zakudya zomwe zimalepheretsa kupanga mkaka zimakulanso m'matanthwe. Celandine, chochitika chachikulu kwambiri, tsikutu, kakombo wa kutchire sangatchulidwe kuti ndi wothandiza. Mitundu yodutsa imavulaza mbuzi. Chomera chowopsa chimabowoleza.

Pali malingaliro oti kukwera mahatchi kumunda kumakhudzanso kuchepa kwa mkaka, motero abusa salimbikitsa kudyetsa maluwa pamwamba ndi mabedi amaluwa.

Zomera zamkaka ndizokhota, caraway, chamomile, chowawa, oregano, ndi yarrow. Zitsamba zotere zimamera kulikonse, nthawi zambiri zimapanga maluwa onunkhira. Ndizofunikira nyama osati mu chirimwe komanso nthawi yozizira: Owetsa ng'ombe amawotchera mbewu ndi ma tsache ndikuwakhazika pabusa lozizira nyengo yozizira. Umu ndi momwe mungadyetsere mbuzi kuti pakhale mkaka.

Chakudya chowuma

Chakudya chophatikiza sichifunika kungopereka nthawi yozizira - kapangidwe kake kamathandizira kukonza kagayidwe ka nyama. Chifukwa chake, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyengo yotentha.

• udzu ndi mphaka - udzu wa mitengo ndi nkhalango ndizabwino kwambiri kuti ziume. Chofunikira ndi ma kilogalamu 2-3 pa nyama iliyonse,
• ma broom - tcherani khutu ku mapulo, birch, popen. Kwa tsiku limodzi, mbuzi imatha kudya masamba atatu kapena 5.

Kukolola kwa chakudya chouma kumachitika pakati pa Julayi - mwatsopano udzu wosemedwa wa udzu nthawi zambiri umasungidwa mumagulu kapena mitengo. Ngati zingafunike, zitha kufotokozedweratu musanatumikire - alimi amakhulupirira kuti njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachuma. Broom imaphatikizidwanso kuchokera kumagulu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi ndodo mpaka masentimita 60 kutalika.

Mtundu umodzi wa zakudya zowuma ndi msipu.

Chakudya chophatikizika (chotsirizidwa)

Chakudya choterocho chimayenera kupezeka muzakudya poona kukhalapo kwa zinthu zofunikira mmenemo. Koma muyenera kuigwiritsa ntchito molondola kuti isayambitse kudzimbidwa ndi kugaya chakudya.

Mwachitsanzo, mbewu monga tirigu ndi oats, zimatha kuperekedwa m'njira zosweka. Chimanga chimafunika kudyetsedwa m'magawo, apo ayi mbuzi imayamba kunenepa.

Keke, chakudya, chinangwa ndi ufa zimaphatikizidwanso mgulu lino - zitsanulire madzi otentha maola 12 musanadye. Pazakudya zophatikiza ndi chinangwa, chimangirizo chimakhala chokhazikika, cha mkate ndi chakudya - m'chiyerekezo cha gawo limodzi la chakudya mpaka magawo atatu a madzi.

Onetsetsani kuti mwaphatikiza mitundu iyi yazakudya, ndikupanga chakudya chokwanira, chokhala ndi zonse zofunikira m'thupi.

Milandu yodyetsa nyama imawerengeredwa potengera zaka zawo, kulemera, jenda, thanzi.

Vitamini ndi michere yowonjezera kudyetsa mbuzi

Nayi malamulo oyambira:

• mbuzi zazikulu zimafunikira chakudya chochuluka kuposa mbuzi zazing'ono,
• mbuzi zamkaka zimafunikira mapuloteni ambiri muzakudya kuposa mbuzi zowuma. Musaiwale za calcium ndi phosphorous muzakudya,
• chiberekera chodulirapo chiyenera kupatsidwa chakudya chochulukirapo 1.5-2 kuposa zina zonse - chifukwa zakudya za mbuzi zamkaka, zomwe zimamwa mpaka malita asanu ndi limodzi amkaka patsiku, zimatengera chakudya chawo
• M'nyengo yozizira, nyama zimafunikira chakudya chokhala ndi mafuta ambiri kuti zitheke kuzitentha kuzungulira thupi. M'chilimwe, perekani zazimayi zambiri zama protein ambiri kuti muwonjezere mkaka ndi chakudya - nyama zokhala ndi nyanga zimafunikira mphamvu pakuyenda maulendo ataliatali.

Pafupifupi, pafupifupi ma kilogalamu a 360-550 a roughage, makilogalamu 400-600 a zakudya zabwino (kuphatikiza masamba ndi maachesi), ma kilogalamu 30 mpaka 40 a chakudya cholumikizidwa amadya pamutu uliwonse kuchokera pagulu lankhosa pachaka. Mtengo wocheperako umalandiridwa kwa achichepere ndi ana, kuchuluka kwake - kwa mbuzi zazikulu zamkaka.

Yang'anirani chisangalalo cha nyama. Mbuzi ikapanda kudya chakudya chochuluka, ichulukitse. Nthawi yomweyo, kudya kwambiri sayenera kuloledwa - kunenepa kwambiri kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa mkaka. Kuphatikiza apo, kunenepa kwambiri ndikosayenera panthawi yapakati.

Zakudya Zabwino Kwa Mbuzi

Zitsanzo za zakudya kuti muwonjezere mkaka

Zosungirako ndi moyo wa alumali zimakhudza kusungidwa kwa michere. Mwachitsanzo, udzu umasungidwa bwino m'matumba akuluakulu ndi mulifupi wa mpaka 5 metres ndi 3 mita pamwamba, kutalika kwake mpaka 8 metres.

Maphala amtundu wa hygroscopic: zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana zimakhazikika mu njere ndi chinyezi chambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka. Kutentha sikofunikira chimodzimodzi pazomwe zimasungidwa. Ngakhale mbewu yonyowa m'malo ozizira imakhalabe yabwino.

Kutentha kuchokera +20, kudziwiritsa nokha pa chonyowa kumayamba, ndipo njirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri kuyimitsa. Zimayambitsa kuwonongera chipani chonse, chomwe chimaphulika m'nyumba yosungiramo katundu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupukuta tirigu musakayike kuti isungidwe, ndikuwonetsetsa momwe zinthu zilili. Thandizo lofunikira mu izi limaperekedwa ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi masensa.

Zitsanzo za Zakudya Zatsiku ndi Tsiku

Pansipa pali chakudya choyenera cha mitundu yonse ya mbuzi munthawi yotentha, poganizira zikhalidwe zonse:

1. Udzu wambiri - makilogalamu 6-8, nyemba za nyemba - 1 kilogalamu, haylage - 2,5 kilogalamu.
2. Mafuta - ma kilogalamu 4, udzu kuchokera ku masamba azitsamba - 1 kilogalamu.
3. Kuyenda pakudya msipu wokhala ndi udzu wambiri wodya, oats wobiriwira - ma kilogalamu 4.
4. Steppe udzu poyenda ndi wowerengeka kudya kuchuluka, nyemba nsipu - 1,2 kilogalamu.

Mbuzi zimakonda udzu

Zakudya munyengo yozizira ndizosiyana ndi zomwe zili pamwambapa:

1. Clover hay - 2 kilogalamu, beets wosweka - 2 kilogalamu, oats pansi - 0,4 kilogalamu.
2. Msipu udzu - 2 kilogalamu, forage kabichi - 3 kilogalamu.
3. Kukolola msipu kuchokera ku nyemba - 1.5 makilogalamu, kuchokera ku zitsamba zodzala - ma kilogalamu, nthaka muzu wazipatso ndi beets - 0,5 kilogalamu.
4. Alfalfa hay - 1 kilogalamu, dambo la makilogalamu - 0,5 kilogalamu, chisakanizo cha kaloti wapansi ndi oats - 2,5 kilogalamu.

Kutengera ndi kuthekera kwanu, zakudya zimatha kusinthanitsidwa, m'malo mwa zomwe mwapatsidwa ndi zina, zofanana nazo.

Mbuzi zimapirira nyengo yozizira

Kudyetsa dongosolo ndi ndandanda

Mukadyetsa mbuzi, ndikofunikira kutsatira boma linalake, popanda zolephera ndi kuchepa kwa mkaka, kuwonongeka mu thanzi la nyama ndikotheka. Chakudya chovomerezeka kwambiri ndi katatu pa tsiku.

Potere, nthawi zopatsirana pakati pakudya ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Mwachitsanzo, ndi zakudya zitatu zomwe mwasankha patsiku, mutha kupatsa chakudya motere: maola 6-7 m'mawa, masana, maola 6-7 madzulo.

Zakudyazo ziyenera kusankhidwa mwanjira yoti chakudya chambiri chowuma chimaperekedwa m'mawa ndi masana, ndipo madzulo - chakudya chokwanira kugaya.

Musaiwale za kupezeka kwa madzi akumwa oyera - tikulimbikitsidwa kuti nthawi zonse malita ndi theka ndi theka malita 2 mukatha kudya. Kupeza kwaulere kwa madzi ndikulandilanso. Kutentha kwamadzimadzi sikuyenera kutsika kuposa 6 degrees Celsius kuti nyama sizigwira chimfine, koma osati kupitirira madigiri 10. Madzi ofunda amatsogolera ku kusuta, komwe nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa matenda nthawi yozizira.

Zambiri

Gwero labwino kwambiri la michere ndi msipu. Udzu watsopano umakhala ndi mavitamini komanso mapuloteni ambiri. Zomera zobiriwira zimathandizanso kugaya chakudya, kukwaniritsa kufunika kwa mapuloteni tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuthandizira kuthamangitsa tiziromboti kunja kwa thupi. Kuchokera pazakudya zabwino, zotsatirazi zimasiyanitsidwa.

• Chomera. M'nyengo yotentha, iyi ndi imodzi mwazosankha zotsika mtengo zodyetsa mbuzi, chifukwa mutha kuthamangitsa chiwetocho kukadyetsa.
• Zomera zodzala. Wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa sangathe kutaya, ndikukula nsonga za mbewu, chifukwa zimabweretsa zabwino zambiri. Yabwino kabichi, kaloti, beets, Yerusalemu artichoke. Kuphatikiza apo, amapereka choko chophwanyika motalika, pomwe 1 gramu ya choko imagwera pa 1 kilogalamu ya nsonga. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa acidity ya chakudya.
• Silo - mtundu wopatsa thanzi wokhala ndi zopatsa mphamvu zambiri, umakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri, ndi wabwino ngati udzu mwanjira iliyonse. Mpaka ma kilogalamu 4 a silage amatha kuperekedwa patsiku.
• Zamasamba. Mbuzi zimakonda masamba ndipo zimatha kuzidya pamodzi ndi nsonga. Mbatata zimangopatsidwa zophika zokha. Ngati ikuyeretsa, imaphikidwanso isanaperekedwe kwa nyama. Zamasamba onse amaphwanyika, kuchuluka kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 4 makilogalamu patsiku.
• Zipatso. Mutha kupatsa ma apulosi, mapichesi, maapulo ndi zipatso zina, koma zisanachitike, zimatulutsa njere.

Monga chowonjezera, mutha kupatsa mbuzi mpendadzuwa, popeza mbewu za chomera zimatha kupanga bwino mkaka. Amakulanso makamaka mbuzi turnips, comfrey, dzungu. Zipatso ndi zimayambira zidzachita. Ngati alipo nettle kapena dandelion, omwe ali ndi mavitamini A, muyenera kuwaphatikiza ndi zakudya za nyama. Kudyetsa nettle kumathandizanso kupanga mkaka kwa mbuzi.

Coarse ndi youma

Nyengo yachisanu, udzu ndi chakudya chofunikira kwambiri. Mbuzi iyenera kudya udzu wabwino wouma womwe mulibe nkhungu. Udzu udzu ndiwothandiza, sikuti wotsika mtengo kokha, komanso mulinso ndi mavitamini ambiri. Ndibwino ngati ili ndi nyemba kapena clover, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mapuloteni. Mapuloteni ena owonjezera ndi soya. Chitsanzo cha chakudya chouma ndi:

Zakudya zouma zimatha kukonza kagayidwe. Chakudya chouma chitha kukololedwa pakati pa chilimwe. Palibe zochulukirapo zisanu zosaperekedwa patsiku. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma broom, ndibwino kungoyang'ana izi:

• kupindika
• Asipen
• thundu
• buluzi,
• kuyambira wachinyamata,
• linden
• kuchokera ku chitsamba chowawa.

Kuphatikizika

Mbuzi zimafunikira mchere wambiri, zakudya zamagetsi zitha kuthandiza. Mchere, phosphorous ndi calcium ziyenera kukhala muzakudya. Nyama izi zimafunikira mavitamini A, D ndi E. Onetsetsani kuti akupatsa sodium chloride, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, selenium ndi zinc. Zakudya zambiri zimakhala ndi calcium yochulukirapo: udzu - wochepera 0,5%, ma legamu - oposa 1.2%. Chifukwa chake, kuchepa kwa calcium kumawonedwa pokhapokha ngati zakudya za tirigu zimayambitsidwa.

Zakudya za mbuzi ziyenera kukhalapo chakudya chokwanira, koma chofunikira ndikuwapatsa iwo mokwanira, apo ayi, nyamayo ikhoza kuyambitsa kudzimbidwa ndi mavuto ena. Mlimi akakhala kuti alibe mwayi wogula udzu wabwino, nthawi zonse mutha kupatsa nyamayo tirigu wabwino. Iyenera kupezeka mu chakudya momwe zili 12-16%.

Kuti achulukitse kutalika ndi kulemera, mlimi ayenera kuperekanso zakudya zowonjezera. Mbewu zimapereka kaboni ndi mapuloteni. Chimanga, rye, oats, barele - poyambira, izi ndi mphamvu.

Mapuloteni nthawi zambiri amakhala othandizira kwambiri pakudya mbuzi. Nthawi zambiri perekani mbewu yonse ya thonje, ufa wa soya, tirigu ndi chimanga. Mulingo wamapuloteni muzakudya zam'madzi ndizochepa, chimbudzi cha chakudya chimachepa, ndipo motero, kuchuluka kwa chakudya kumachepa. Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni osakwanira m'zakudya kumasokoneza kukula kwa zinthu, mankhwala amkaka, kubereka komanso kukana matenda.

Mapuloteni ochulukirapo samasungidwa mthupi la mbuzi, koma ndikuwachotsa.

Simungapereke mbewu zochuluka kwambiri, zimayambitsa kutulutsa, zomwe nthawi zina zimayambitsa kufa kwa nyama. Popewa kudya kwambiri tirigu, umapatsidwa chakudya chambiri mukatha kutenga udzu kapena nyemba za nyemba. Mbale zimaphwanyika mwapadera, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi chimanga, chifukwa zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri. Keke, ufa, chinangwa ndi zakudya zosakanikirana ziyenera kutsanulidwa ndi madzi otentha musanadyetse ndikusiyira kutupa kwa maola 12. Gawo lamadzi ku keke ndi ufa liyenera kukhala magawo atatu amadzimadzi gawo limodzi la chakudya, kupita kwina - zowonjezera.

Kuchulukitsa kwa chakudya kumawerengeredwa pamaziko a zizindikiro monga:

Zakudya zabwino kwambiri zitha kukhala ndi zinc zambiri, zomwe sizoyenera kuzingidwa. Mavitamini amafunikira mbuzi yaying'ono kwambiri. Mavitamini a magulu B ndi K nawonso sawonedwa kuti ndi ofunika. Vitamini C imapangidwa m'matumbo amthupi mokwanira kukwaniritsa zosowa za nyama. Komabe, nyama ziyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wopezeka ndi dzuwa, zimapangitsa kuti vitamini D apangidwe pansi pa khungu.

Kuperewera kwa Vitamini D kumabweretsa kuyamwa kashiamu, motero, m'tsogolo - kuwoneka kwa rickets (mkhalidwe womwe mafupa ndi mafupa a nyama zazing'ono amakula mozizwitsa).

Chilimwe

M'chilimwe, mitengo ya chakudya imachepetsedwa pamene nyama idya msipu wobiriwira. Patsiku, munthu m'modzi amatha kudya mpaka ma kilogalamu 8 a mafuta amtunduwu, izi ndizokwanira kupeza malita angapo a mkaka. Koma ngati woweta akufuna zambiri, ayenera kudyetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zophatikiza monga chimanga, nyemba, kapena chakudya chamagulu.

Kwa munthu m'modzi patsiku, 500 magalamu a zakudya zowonjezera patsiku. Kuyambira pakati pa chilimwe, kuchuluka kwa udzu mu msipu kumachepetsedwa, motero, ndikukula kwa chakudya chokhazikika kuyenera kukulitsidwa. Mutha kupatsa nthambi zamitengo, nsonga zamasamba kapena zotayira.

Popanda chiberekero

Masiku ano, ndi otchuka kudyetsa mbuzi mwangozi. Njirayi ndi yoyenera mbuzi zamkaka zabwino kwambiri. Ana obadwa kumene wakhanda kuyamitsidwa atangobadwa, amaikidwa m'khola lina ndi kudyetsedwa mkaka ofunda pogwiritsa ntchito botolo ndi pacifier. M'masiku 7 oyamba ayenera kudya yekha colostrum. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, makanda amaletsedwa kudyetsa mabotolo ndikuwasamutsa mkaka omwe amathiridwa kwa akumwa. Udzu wofewa pang'ono umawonjezeredwa kwa odyetserawo.

Kufikira chaka chimodzi, mwana mmodzi amalandila pafupifupi 200 ml pa chakudya. Mbuzi zazing'ono zimadyetsedwa kasanu patsiku. Kenako pang'onopang'ono amayamba kuswana mkaka ndi madzi, kuwonjezera ufa wosakanizidwa ndi chinangwa. Chiwerengero cha feedings chimachepetsedwa kanayi pa tsiku. Kuphatikiza pa zosakaniza zamkaka, ndizovomerezeka kudyetsa ana ana oatmeal phala yophika m'madzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa shuga. Zikhala zothandiza panthawiyi kuphatikiza kaloti wosweka ndi rutabaga, chinangwa ndi keke yoponderezedwa muzakudya. Ufulu waulere ukhale waukhondo, wamadzi ofunda.

Kanema wokhudza kudyetsa ana ndi pansipa:

Patatha mwezi umodzi kubadwa, makanda amayamba kumasulidwa ku msipu. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, nyamazo zimasinthidwa kukhala zokhazikika.

Kudyetsa mbuzi kuyambira miyezi yoyambirira ya moyo

Pambuyo pobadwa, kudyetsa makanda kumatha kuperekedwa kwathunthu kwa mbuzi-makolo. Iwo ndi amayi oyang'anira ndipo makanda azidyetsedwa ndikuthiriridwa. Komabe, njirayi ndi yovomerezeka ngati kholo ndi mtundu wopanda mkaka.Koma ngakhale mu nkhani iyi, kuyambira milungu itatu yokha, zowonjezera za mchere wa 5 g, 5-7 g ya choko kapena chakudya chamfupa chimayambitsidwa mu zakudya zamkaka.

Ngati mukufuna kulera mbuzi zokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa mkaka, njira yodyetsera "yopanda chiberekero" imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngakhale ndizovuta, mwayi wake ndikuti mlimi atha kupanga ndikusintha chakudya chokha. Chifukwa chake:

• Pazaka 10, mutha kuwonjezera semolina, chinangwa phala.
• Mbuzi ya masabata awiri imawonjezeredwa mkaka, mchere, mafuta a nsomba ndi mazira, udzu wofewa kapena nthambi zamitengo zokhala ndi masamba.
• M'milungu itatu, kabichi, kaloti, dzungu, ndi zinthu zina zimayambitsidwa (mpaka 50 g patsiku).
• Pofika mwezi umodzi, roughage, chokhazikika ndi mbewu za muzu ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya.

Chachikulu ndichakuti kusintha kwa zakudya kumachitika pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo miyambo yodyetsa mbuzi imatha kufotokozedwa nthawi zonse ndi matebulo apadera. Pansipa pali njira imodzi yachitsanzo.

Mndandanda wa zosintha pakudyetsa ana kuyambira mwezi woyamba mpaka wachitatu

Pokhala ndi chakudya choyenera, nyama yofika pamiyezi isanu ndi umodzi imawonjezera makilogalamu 3-5 kulemera mwezi uliwonse. Pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, nyamayo imadziwika kuti ndi wamkulu ndipo iyenera kulandira:

• Concentrate - 200-300 g.
• Hay - 1.5-1.6 kg.
• Zomera kapena ma silage - 0,8-1 kg.

Malangizo ena odyetsera mbuzi amaperekedwa mu kanema pansipa.

Haylage

Haylage - chakudya kuchokera ku zitsamba zomwe zamira kuti zikhale chinyezi cha 55% ndi pansi, zomwe zimakololedwa mu anaerobic (popanda mpweya). Kusungidwa kwa canning kumatheka chifukwa cha madzi osakwanira okhala muzomera zouma mabakiteriya ambiri.

Tekinoloje:

1. Ndikudula ndikuphwanya zitsamba
2. Kuyika unyinji m'masamba ndikumatulutsa, ndikukumata,
3. Kusankhidwa kwa misa kuchokera m'mizere, kupera, kutsitsa pamagalimoto,
4. Misa yayala m'ma taya, nsanja, matumba apulasitiki ndikuchita kwake mwaluso,
5. Pogona pa storages ndi kupanga filimu.

Zakudya za mbuzi pambuyo pobadwa

Funso lina lofunikira: "Kodi kudyetsa mbuzi nditabereka?". Alimi aluso amadziwa momwe amapangira chakudya ndikusankha chakudya kuti chisavulaze amayi atangobereka kapena mtsogolo. M'masiku oyamba kubereka, nyama imalandira:

• Hay - 2.5-3 kg patsiku.
• Oat kapena barele pansi - 0,15-0.2 kg.
• Wheat kapena oat chinangwa (chatterbox) - 50 g.
• Zomera zozikika (zosankhidwa) - mpaka 0,5 kg.

Ndikofunika kupatula kwakanthawi kabichi yoyera ndi rutabaga pachakudya kuti musayambitse zovuta zam'mimba komanso kumatulutsa

Kudyetsa mbuzi koyenera komanso kugawana nthawi yozizira

Zakudya za mbuzi zimakhala ndi nyengo zosiyana. M'nyengo yotentha, nyama zimadyera chakudya chochuluka, ndipo zimadyetsa bwanji nyama nthawi yozizira? Zomwe zimapangidwira chakudya chazizira zimaphatikizapo:

• Udzu wabwinobwino ndi masamba.
• Silo ndiyofunikira kuti pakhale zokolola zabwino.
• Masamba, tubers ndi muzu mbewu zimakhala zambiri mu kufufuza zinthu ndi mavitamini.
• Zothandiza komanso zowonjezera zimakhala ndi mapuloteni, chakudya, mafuta ndi michere ina.

Spruce paws wolemera kwambiri wopezeka ndi mavitamini

Kodi kudyetsa mbuzi? Kuti mupange zakudya muyenera kudziwa kuti:

• Kudyetsa kwamkaka (hay, etc.) - ndikofunikira pakugwira bwino ntchito kwamatumbo.
• Silage ndi mbewu ya muzu ndi mchere, mavitamini, shuga.
• Maphala (tirigu) - chakudya.
• Maunda ndi mapuloteni.

Chakudya choyenera chimakhala ndi zosowa zonse zofunika.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa mphamvu kwa mbuzi za mkaka ndi opanga mbuzi

Kudyetsa mbuzi yamkaka kuyenera kukhala moyenera momwe zingathere. Anthu a mkaka amafunika mapuloteni ambiri, omwe amapezeka mu oats ndi barele. Sichidzakhala chopepuka kuwonjezera zowonjezera ndi zinthu ku zakudya, kupezeka kwa phosphorous ndi calcium muzomwe zimapangidwira.

Kusankha momwe mungadyetsere mbuzi kuti pakhale mkaka, simungathe kudutsa mafuta ochepa. Kwa nyama, zimafunika zochepa, koma kuchepa kwake kungapangitse kuti zisasinthike. Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mkaka kumakhudzana mwachindunji ndi michere, mavitamini ndi michere ya protein.

Gome limawonetsa muyezo wa mchere wa mbuzi wokhala ndi zochuluka za mkaka.

Tebulo ndi miyezo yoperekera mchere kwa mbuzi zamkaka

Kuchulukana kwa ziweto kumadalira amuna amene akuyenera kukhala athanzi ndipo osadya "mafuta". Madzulo aukwati, mbewu zonse zimadzaza zakudya za opanga: oats, tirigu, barele, chimanga, makamaka, nyemba zamafuta. Powonjezera mchere nthawi zonse kumathandiza kuti mbuzi zizikhala bwino.

Mndandanda wazakudya zoyenera zodyera mbuzi zamitundumitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi katundu wambiri

Ng'ombe zamtunduwu sizimafunikira malo okwanira ndipo zimakhala zopanda chakudya. Popeza mwaphunzira zoyenera kudyetsa mbuzi nthawi zosiyanasiyana za moyo wawo, mutha kusamalira bwino, kusamalira bwino, kupereka zakudya zabwino ndikukhala ndi mkaka wambiri.

Kuwerengera mtengo woperekera zakudya zambuzi

Zofunikira pa mtundu wa chakudya cha nyama ndi malamulo ndi zinthu zomwe zomwe zimatsatirazi ziyenera kutsatira.

Kunenepa kwambiri ndi ntchito yabwino. Kudyetsa nyama kuyenera kukonzedwa moyenera.

Chimodzi mwazomera zambiri ndi ma oats, mapindu ake omwe ndi amtengo wapatali

Zakudya zachisanu

Kuledzera kwa hay mu dzinja kwa munthu m'modzi sikwodula. Momwe mungadyetsere bwino mbuzi nthawi yachisanu mutha kuwerengera, podziwa kuti mpaka 2 kg ya hay imagwiritsidwa ntchito pakudya imodzi yapamwamba.

Ngati imaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku, imakhala 4 kg. Chiwerengerochi chikuyenera kuchulukitsidwa poyerekeza ndi masiku akukonzanso khola. Ngati chimatha kuyambira nthawi yophukira mpaka nthawi ya masika, imakhala ngati masiku 300, imatulutsa hayala 1200 kg yozizira kwa munthu m'modzi.

Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti mbuzi zimadya zambiri, pafupifupi pafupifupi 5-6 kg za udzu wouma. Wopanga wamwamuna adzafunika nyemba pafupifupi 1,500 makilogalamu. Kukula kwachinyamata kumafunikanso kuvala pamwamba: mbuzi zimadya pafupifupi 1.5 makilogalamu patsiku.

Njira yabwino yokolola ndi udzu wouma wopanda udzu. Mu msipu uwu padzakhala clover, chamomile, nyemba, zomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri pazakudya.

Zakudya zopatsa thanzi pakubala

Mimba imakhudza ziwalo zamkati mwa mbuzi, makamaka kusintha kwakukulu kumachitika theka lachiwiri la nthawi imeneyi. Kuchulukitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa michere isanayambe kubereka komanso mu gawo loyambirira la kukula kwa fetal ndizosiyana. Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi, mbuzi imatha kudya mwachizolowezi.

Pakatha miyezi iwiri ali ndi pakati, mwana wosabadwayo amakula, chiberekero chimakakamira chilonda, kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chochuluka kumakhala kosatheka. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimatsogolera pakufunika kosintha zakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, mwana wosabadwayo amayamba kukula mwachangu, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuphatikiza proxes zopangidwa mwakudya. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi za chiberekero zimagawika bwino:

• akufa
• kuyamwa anthu.

Gulu loyamba limatha kulandira mitundu yotsatira ya chakudya m'gawo lachiwiri la mimba (munthu m'modzi, chakudya patsiku):

• udzu wosakaniza - 2 kg
• chakudya chonse - 0,3 kg,
• Mizu - 0,5 makilogalamu,
• tsache - 0,3 kg.

Zakudya za mbuzi zamkaka zoyembekezera zimakhazikika pamutu umodzi patsiku:

• udzu kapena udzu - 0,4 kg,
• nyemba nyemba - 0,4 kg,
• udzu wa barele - 0,3 kg,
• ma silage a chimanga - 2 kg,
• oats - 0,2 kg
• chakudya - 0,2 kg
• mavitamini a proxes - 0,1 kg.

Pofuna kukonzekera munthu wokhala ndi mkaka, zomwe zimapezeka m'mapuloteni ndi michere yazakudya ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, zomera ndi msipu zimachepetsedwa ndi magalamu 200. Ndikwabwino kuchotsa zakudya ndi mavitamini oyenera m'zakudya zonsezo, popeza zimakhala ndi mkaka.

Ndi kangati kudyetsa mbuzi zakudya zikakonzedwa? Nthawi zakudyetsa zizikhala chimodzimodzi - 2 pa tsiku.

Mbuzi zoyembekezera sizilimbikitsidwa udzu, komanso zipatso za mizu. Mbatata zowiritsa ndi kaloti zomwe zimapezeka muzakudya zimatha kutupa.

Tsiku loti lisanaphe mwana wamwamuna, chiberekero chimakana chakudya.

Kututa ndi kusungira chakudya

Pakuwerengera komwe kudyetserako mbuzi, zisonyezo monga:

• kuchuluka kwa chakudya pa anthu onse,
• kuchuluka kwa masiku oyenda.

Akatswiri amafufuza ma data olondola pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapamwamba.Amaganizira:

• kufunika kwa mbuzi zodyetsa - K,
• kuchuluka kwa kudyetsa aliyense patsiku ndi A,
• Kutentha msipu - C.

Ngati mutenga C wofanana ndi masiku 200, chakudyacho ndi 2 kg za udzu patsiku, kufunika kwake kudzakhala kofanana ndi makilogalamu 400: K = 2 * 200.

Pafupipafupi chakudya chopatsa thanzi cha msipu ndi magulu 18 odyetsa. Ngati 18 * 400, ndiye kuti makilogalamu 7,200 aobiriwira wobiriwira amafunikira mutu uliwonse nthawi yonse yoyenda.

Malo odyetserako ziweto owerengeka okwanira amawerengedwa motere: 400/7 200 = 0,06 ha ndi yokwanira mbuzi kumera mbewu.

Kapangidwe kofananira ka chakudya chokulira kunyumba ndikosiyana. Momwe zimadyetsera mbuzi zimamveka kuchokera ku malo abusa omwe amayenda.

Amakhulupirira kuti ndi nyama zanzeru, chifukwa chake iwonso adzadutsa udzu wapoizowo. Komabe, kumayambiriro kwa nyengo ya msipu, ma artiodactyl amanjala amatha kudya chilichonse motsatana, chifukwa chake, akatswiri amalangizidwa nthawi yoyamba kuyenda mbuzi moyang'aniridwa ndi malo odyetserako nthangala.

M'madera omwe si a chernozem mitundu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• hedgehog
• gwero pawiri
• bonfire
• yodziyimira nkhandwe,
• buluu komanso dambo lotuwa,
• rygrass
• american tirigu
• Clover Chilengedwe
• kufesa ndi kudwala nyemba.

M'madera a chernozem, zitsamba zochulukirapo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza nyemba, kabichi ya chakudya, ndi udzu wa phala. Pezani zakudya zamitundumitundu zosiyanasiyana.

Kumwa kukonzekera madzi

Kumwa ndi gawo lofunika la zakudya, ngakhale kuti lilibe phindu. Nthawi zambiri, oweta mbuzi amakumana ndi mavuto akumwa nyama - amakana kumwa. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti aphunzitse mbuzi kumwa zonunkhira zomwe akufuna. Mwachitsanzo, kununkhira kwa udzu wamtchire ndikosangalatsa kwa nyama. Chifukwa chake, mbuzi zimapindula ndi tiyi wonunkhira bwino.

Palinso zofunikira zamtundu wamadzi kwa ana: amalangizidwa kuti asangopatsa mankhwala azitsamba, komanso makompyuta. Peel ya maapulo, masamba a lalanje, kusenda mbatata - zonse ndizoyenera kumwa mbuzi zokoma.

Mwa njira, mbuzi zachikulire, malingana ndi malingaliro a obereketsa aluso, musataye madzi otentha pamtengo ndi utsi. Amuna makamaka amalemekeza fungo la mitengo ya birch.

Zofunikira pa kutentha kwa madzi akumwa ziyenera kuchitika makamaka nthawi yozizira. Tiyi ya mbuzi siyenera kuzizira kuposa madigiri 45. Nyama zimakana kumwa madzi oundana.

Pafupipafupi kumwa kumakhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha nyama zomwe. Wina amafuna chakumwa kamodzi pa tsiku, ena amamwa pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri 3-4. Kukula kwake kumakhudza njira ziwiri zamkati ndi malita asanu ndi limodzi amadzimadzi pa tsiku kwa munthu m'modzi.

Zowonjezera Zabwino Zakudya Zam'madzi

Zotsatira zakuchepa kwa mavitamini mu mbuzi zimachitika mchaka, pomwe thupi la nyama limagwiritsa ntchito malo ake ambiri amkati. Mwachitsanzo, kusowa kwa vitamini A kumatanthauza:

• kuchepetsa mkaka
• kubadwa kwa ana ofooka
• kuwononga.

Mavitamini a magulu D, E ndi ofunikira kwambiri. Pazifukwa zochizira, mafuta a nsomba amaperekedwa - 45 ml pa nyama yayikulu iliyonse.

Zizindikiro zakuchepa kwa mavitamini ndi michere zimawonekera makamaka mwa ana. Matenda wamba a nyama zazing'ono omwe amalandila chakudya osakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere yambiri. Nyama zodwala siziyenda kwambiri, zimavutika ndi matenda am'mimba, zimatsalira kumbuyo pakukula. Zowonjezera zochepa zazakudya zofunika kwa ana:

Zitsanzo za zowonjezera zina zokhala ndi mpanda wolimba ndi momwe mungadyere mbuzi ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi veterinarian wanu. Mutha kuganizira za ma proxes okonzekera opangidwa kale. Mwachitsanzo, sankhani kuchokera mitundu iyi:

• zolimbitsa zowonjezera
• kuphatikiza mavitamini ndi michere,
• mchere
• vitamini, achire zotsatira.

Ankhandwe amaphatikiza zinthu zofunika zomwe zimayenera kupezeka mu zakudya za mbuzi.

Kuphatikiza pa zowonjezera za vitamini, zomangira udzu ziyenera kupezekanso m'zakudya za ziweto. Nthawi zambiri amafunikira pang'ono, motero ndikofunikira kusinthanitsa nyimbo.Monga lamulo, nthambi ndizoyenera kumasulira:

Zosefera zapamwamba kwambiri za ma tsache zimakhala:

• mankhwala azitsamba:
• masamba a nettle
• zitsamba zamiyala
• zamoto.

Ma bandeti odulidwa amawasunga m'chipinda chamdima, chofunda, chophimbidwa. Asanapereke chithandizo, zingwe ndi zingwe zimachotsedwa mtolo. Kudyetsa mbuzi kunyumba ndi ntchito yosavuta, motero ndioyenera alimi oyambira kumene.

Zima

Hay ndiye chakudya chachikulu cha nyama nthawi yozizira. Ngakhale anali ndi mawonekedwe abwinobwino, mbuzi zimakonda udzu wouma, kuphatikiza apo, phindu lake lathanzi silingafanane ndi ma feed ena. Nthawi zina zimakhala zotheka kupatsa chidwi, koma mumapezeka zochepa. Ubwino wazopatsa ndizofunikira pazokhudza nyama. Msipu wabwino kwambiri umapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsamba zosakanizika bwino.

Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yachisanu zakudya zimaphatikizapo zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, kuyeretsa, silage. Zonsezi ndi chithandizo chenicheni chomwe mbuzi iliyonse imagwiritsa ntchito mosangalala kwambiri, koma choyenera kuchita ndikusamba ndikudula zidutswa zazikulu za nyamayo. Amaloledwa kubala zipatso zouma, zomwe zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi yozizira ngati chakudya.

Zinyalala monga mbatata ndi masamba ena zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziziwiritsa pamodzi ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Zochita tsiku ndi tsiku

Ngati simutsatira chizolowezi cha tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo osadyetsa nyamayo moyenera, mutha kukumana ndi kutulutsa magazi kapena kunenepa kwambiri. Kupatuka kulikonse kumabweretsa kuchepa osati kuchuluka kokha, komanso mkaka. Ndikwabwino kulingalira zomwe zili mgawo la chakudya cha mbuzi tsiku ndi tsiku, kotero kuti ndizofunikira komanso zothandiza momwe mungathere. M'chilimwe, zakudya zowonjezera mchere zimayenera kuwonjezeredwa ku zakudya. Aliyense amapatsidwa magalamu 20 amchere, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito ayodini, koma mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito kuphika kosavuta. Choko ndi fupa la chakudya chama gramu 12 ndizofunikira.

Mbuzi yayikulu m'mawa imayenera kudya chakudya chamagulu, omwe ananyowa kale, ndipo ikamalowetsedwa imapita ku msipu. Chakudya chamadzulo chimakhala ndi chakudya chophatikizika komanso chabwino, mwachitsanzo, kaloti ndi masamba a kabichi. Musanagone, mutha kupereka udzu wocheperako. Mwambiri, kutikuchuluka kwa chakudya patsiku kukhale mpaka 2 kg kwa mbuzi, 2,5 makilogalamu mbuzi, 800 g kwa mwana. Madzi ayenera kukhala nthawi zonse chinyama.

M'nyengo yozizira, chakudyacho chimachulukitsidwa pang'ono, popeza nyamayo imafunikira mphamvu pang'ono kuti ipitirize kutentha. Mbuzi yayamwitsa wamkulu ikhoza kudya pafupifupi makilogalamu 2.2 a chakudya, mbuzi - 3 makilogalamu, mwana - 1 makilogalamu. Ngati hay sikokwanira, mutha kusintha m'malo pang'ono nthawi yozizira ndi ma tsache. Ndi zonsezi, udzu wouma uyenera kuperekedwa pafupifupi 1 kg patsiku.

Ngati tingayerekeze phindu la zopatsa zakudyazi, mu ma 2 makilogalamu a maupanga ndizofanana ndi 1 makilogalamu a msipu.

Sikuti obereketsa onse amadziwa kuti masamba owuma ndi njira ina yosagwiritsa ntchito ma tsache. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zofunda ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, amadyetsa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito spruce kapena mphukira za paini. Nyama yamkaka imatha kudya mpaka 1 makilogalamu a zophatikiza zophatikiza patsiku, m'malo mwake chida chamafakitale chimaloledwa ndikusakaniza chimanga ndi nyemba. Nyama imatha kulandira mavitamini kuchokera ku mankhwala monga Trivit kapena Tetravit.

Zowerengera zokha zimatha kuwerengeredwa pamaziko a kuchuluka kwa mutu uliwonse (mbuzi iliyonse 300 g pa lita imodzi ya mkaka wopangidwa). Mutha kusintha zina zowonjezera malinga ndi kulemera kwa nyama, komanso kutengera mkaka womwe mukufuna.

Ndikothekanso kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa mpaka kuchuluka kwa mkaka kumawonedwa.

Kudyetsa mbuzi zapakati

Mbuzi yamphaka iyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimalemeretsedwa ndi ayodini, mavitamini, kupereka choko. Malamulo oyambira omwe ayenera kutsatira:

• mlimi ayenera kusamalira thanzi la munthu aliyense woweta ng'ombe kuti nyama isachepetse thupi komanso kuti isalemere kwambiri,
• chakudya chizisungidwa pamalo otetezedwa, owuma,
• gawo lofunikira kwambiri la zakudya ndi udzu wabwino,
• chakudya chobiriwira kwambiri, mavitamini, zakudya, mchere, komanso, chakudya chamagulu - chinsinsi cha kuchita bwino,
• Zakudya zilizonse ziyenera kusintha pang'onopang'ono,
• kupezeka kwa madzi abwino akumwa kofunika

Nthawi yapakati, makamaka mtsogolo, mbuzi sizingatenge chakudya chochuluka, choncho zimayenera kukhala zopatsa mphamvu zambiri. Mbewu ndi ufa wa mapuloteni ndizabwino, ndipo pang'ono pang'ono mbewu yonse ya tirigu. zakudya zoperewera pa mimba mochedwa kuti tidzapeze ana ang'ono ofooka, imfa oyambirira, makamaka ndi ana awiri kapena atatu.

Pambuyo pobadwa mwana, chakudya chokwanira chimayang'aniridwa mosamala, popeza nyamayo imayenera kubwezeretsa mawonekedwe ake athanzi ndi kubereka.

Zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti mbuzi isalemere, koma zimapitilira ma calories omwe adalandira kuti apange mkaka wapamwamba kwambiri.

Menyu ziwonjezeke kupanga mkaka

Kuti mukhale ndi mkaka wambiri, chakudya chimayenera kukhala chamafuta. M'chilimwe, kupatsa zakudya zotere kumakhala kosavuta, chifukwa kumakhala masamba okwanira. Pokhapokha zatha udder kutupa, kudzakhala kotheka kuti atchule zakudya muyezo.

M'nyengo yozizira, chakudya chochuluka chimayenera kukhala chakudya chouma, chomwe chili ndi mapuloteni ochulukirapo. Ngati chakudyacho chili ndi oats, turnips, barele ndi ma turnips, ndiye kuti mkaka wa zipatso umayenda bwino. obereketsa Professional amalangiza kuwonjezera probiotics, okhoza kuonjezera mkaka wa m'mawere mlingo wa 20%. Zabwino kwambiri mwa izo ndi Monosporin ndi Bacell-M. Zikatero, nyamayo iyenera kukhala ndi madzi oyera nthawi yonseyo.

Kodi sayenera kuperekedwa kwa nyama?

Mbuzi ndizokulira zomwe zimakonda kudya udzu, khungwa, kotero zimawonetsa chidwi ndi pepala, zomwe zimawononga thanzi lawo. Mukamadya nyama, izifunikira mosamalitsa kuchepetsa mwayi wake kwa zinyalala. Mbuzi ndi nyama zopatsa chidwi, zimatha kudya kwambiri, mosamala ndizoyenera kuwapatsa chakudya ndi ufa. Chigawo chachikulu cha zinthuzi siziyenera kupitirira 30% ya chakudya chokwanira cha tsiku lililonse.

Yokazinga mkate zambiri chifukwa cha matenda pathological a chiwindi, ichi ndi chifukwa chake ntchito ndalama zochepa. Chimanga chimatha kuyambitsa kunenepa, chimaperekedwa mosamala kwambiri. Za kabichi - nthawi zina zimayambitsa maluwa.

Kuti mudziwe mmene ndi zimene kudyetsa mbuzi, onani kanema zotsatirazi.

Kodi kukonzekera udzu chifukwa cha dzinja?

Mukakolola udzu wamafuta, mlimi ayenera kuganizira kuti kuchuluka kwa chinyezi mu mbewu kumachepa, ndipo m'malo mwa 90% amakhala 15% ya chakudya. Anataya ndi katundu zakudya zake. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kufikira njira yopukuta, kayendedwe ndi kusungirako.

Udzu wongomedwa kumene umayuma m'njira zingapo:

• Natural. Siyani kwakanthawi kadzuwa
• Zopanga. Pakuti njira imeneyi, ntchito uvuni, mayikirowevu kapena Zamagetsi driers.
• Mpweya wabwino. Zomera ndikudula mu ma swaths mpaka chinyezi chake chimatsika mpaka 40-45%. Kuti imathandizira kuyanika udzu, izo plyuschat pa ndikutchetcha. Kenako amaziika m'miyeso, kupita nazo kumalo owuma. Zimaloledwa kuchita izi pansi pa awnings, m'misika kapena m'zipinda zina momwe muli mafani amphamvu.
• Natural ndi kuyanika wotsatira. Kufunitsitsa posungira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi gulu laling'ono, lopindika la udzu. Ngati dzimbiri, ma papa, ndi chinyezi sizikuwoneka pazitsamba zosweka, chinyezi chake ndi chokwezeka. Ngati umatheka si wosweka ndi malo kupotoza limapezeka chinyezi, mlingo chinyezi kuposa 23%, ndipo amafuna dosushit zina izo. Kuti muchite izi, hay imatengedwa padzuwa kapena mafani amaikidwa.

Alimi nthawi zambiri amakhala potengera nyengo nyengo, poganizira kutentha ndi chinyezi, mpweya.

Nsipu zimakhala zouma nthawi zonse ngati chinyezi chikhala chochepera 25%, apo ayi, mankhwalawo sangangotaya katundu wofunikira, komanso kuyamba kuvunda, kuvunda. Izi zimayambitsa chinyezi amene anayamba bowa kufala nkhungu. Ndikofunikanso kuti usamadye mopyola msipu chifukwa udzu wazopatsa thanzi kwambiri, zomwe ndi maluwa ndi masamba, zitha kuwonongeka nthawi yanthawi yosonkhanitsa komanso kunyamula.

Ndizabwino kwambiri kutola udzu kuchokera ku nyemba (nyemba, clover, nandolo, sainfoin) munthawi yogwira. Mtundu uwu wa chakudya chofunika nyama yozizira, popeza ali ndi mapuloteni. Mbuzi zamkaka ndizofunikira kwambiri kudyetsa kumene. Ndikofunika kutola udzu kuchokera ku chimanga (oats, fescue ,grigass) atatulutsa makutu.

udzu ofunika ndikutchetcha m'bandakucha mpaka 6 koloko m'mawa, chifukwa pa nthawi imeneyi zomera ndizodzazidwa ndi carotene kwambiri. Ndikutchetcha udzu kumachitika mkati mwa sabata limodzi.

Zomwe sizingadyetsedwe?

Kudyetsa mbuzi zosaoneka mankhwala chingayambitse kuchepetsa kupanga mkaka, kuyambitsa chitukuko cha matenda zambiri amapha.

Ndi zoletsedwa kudyetsa nyama ndi zinthu zotere:

• mbatata zobiriwira kuchokera ku dzuwa
• mbewu, ayipanga tizilombo
• zipatso zowola kapena zowonongeka, masamba, udzu,
• stale kapena silo yosowa.

Kudyetsa mbuzi ayenera zosiyanasiyana, tizisamala ndi thanzi. Kupanga mkaka wowonjezereka ndi thanzi la nyama zimadalira pakudya koyenera pazosavuta. Ngati mlimi atsatila malamulo oyambilila, kulera nyama ndiye ntchito yophweka.

Mizu

Kukonzekera kudyetsa kumakhala ndi kukonza mizu, kuchotsa owonongera, kuyeretsa pansi ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, kumatsuka. Mukatsuka, muzu mbewu zimaphwanyidwa kapena kudyetsedwa yonse. Muzu wophwanyidwa ndi wothira silage, udzu mdulidwe, limafotokoza. Zomera zodziwika bwino zimayenera kupera pomwepo musanadye ndipo osapitirira chimodzi, chifukwa mwanjira imeneyi zimawonongeka msanga, kuda, kutaya madzi.

Mitundu ya rutabaga musanadye chifukwa chakoma chowawa imakhala itawotcha, kaloti akhoza kuperekedwa pamodzi ndi matako athunthu kapena kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ophwanyika. Beet shuga ndi chakudya pambuyo kukonza pansi ndi kusamba wotsatira akudyetsedwa nyama mu mawonekedwe zosaphika, monga mizu wonse, ndi monga kudula. Makulidwe odula ndi 0.5-1 masentimita. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisunge beets osankhidwa kwa maola opitilira 2-3, popeza imadetsedwa, sidyedwa bwino ndi zinyama, ndikutaya zakudya zake zopatsa thanzi. Beets yophika shuga ndi zakudya sizimazizira kwa nthawi yayitali, chifukwa ma nitrate ndi nitrites amatha kupanga, zomwe zimayambitsa poizoni wa nyama.

• Yowutsa mudyo chakudya ndi palatability mkulu
• Zapamwamba kwambiri za wowuma (tapioca) kapena shuga wosavuta (beets a shuga), omwe amafulumira kupsa (kupsa) m'mimba.
• Muli ndi madzi ambiri (80%), omwe ndi mphamvu yambiri amatha kuchepetsa kudya kwazakudya zina.
• Ndi okhutira otsika mapuloteni (Mphasa

Zakudya zopangidwa ndi udzu wa chimanga, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda pake, zotsika kwambiri m'mapuloteni ndi mchere, koma zazitali ndi lignin-fiber. Mwa mbewu zonse, udzu wa oats umalowetsedwa bwino, ndiye kuti udzu wa barele, ndipo udzu wa tirigu ukakhala malo omaliza. mbuzi pakati osati kupereka mkaka, tirigu udzu chakudya, koma anawonjezera kuti zakudya zabwino udzu kapena zina ndi okhutira ndi mapuloteni yosakongola 30% 40%. Kuphatikiza apo, phosphoric mineral supplement ndiyofunikira.

Chimanga, tirigu, barele, rye, oats ndi mpunga ndizomwe zimayambira udzu, komabe, m'dziko lathu, udzu wa barele ndi tirigu umakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. Oat udzu ankakonda chakudya, koma chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa udzu n'zochepa yaing'ono oat kupanga.Mwambiri, udzu suyenera kupanga zoposa 5-10% ya kuchuluka kwa chakudya.

Khwangwala wa nzimbe

Bagasse - ndi fibrous zotsalira pambuyo katengedwe makina (m'zigawo) ku nzimbe shuga. Ukama wa nzimbe nthawi zina umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale ngati mafuta. Ndi chakudya chotsika kwambiri komanso chokhala ndi fiber yambiri. Komabe, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ndiwo roughage mu zakudya mbuzi. Pulp imatha kuyamwa zochuluka mwanjira zamagetsi. Ndi kuphatikiza uku, zovomerezeka zam'madzi zodyetsa siziyenera kupitirira 25%, apo ayi nyamayo imayamba kutsekula m'mimba.

Zomera zodzala

Kukolola pamwamba Beet imayambira nyama, kuyambira ndi pang'ono osakaniza zakudya zina. Zambiri za oxalic acid mukasinthira mwadzidzidzi ku chakudya ichi kapena ma dachas akuluakulu zimapangitsa kuti nyama zizimbidwa.

Zomwe zili pamwamba pamwambapa za shuga ndi nyama zodyedwa zimangokhala kumunda, koma zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. The ntchito tima wa asafe feteleza mbewu izi zingachititse kuti kudzikundikira asafe mu masamba Mmera wonse, umene umawapanga iwo angaononge mbuzi. Kuphatikiza apo, ma nitrate amakhala ndi oxalic acid wambiri, yemwe amamanga calcium ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosatheka ndi nyama.

Ngakhale kuti mbali yakumwamba ya beetroot, poyerekeza ndi zotsalira za mbewu zina, ili ndi zoperewera zambiri komanso mapuloteni ambiri, ndiye chakudya chabwino. Pa kukolola mbali aboveground wa Beet mosavuta zakhudzana dziko.

Silage ndi njira yotsika mtengo komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri yosungira nsonga. Komabe, kupeza silage yabwino kuchokera kumtunda wa shuga beet kumatheka pokhapokha potsatira kwambiri sayansi. Silo nsonga akhale pomwepo mukakolola. Mchenga womwe umakonzedwa kuchokera ku mbali za beets umatha kuyambitsa matenda otsegula m'mimba ngati masamba sawuma kale (kuyanika sikumatheka chifukwa cha nyengo). Zakudya zamtunduwu zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito m'mitundu yochepa komanso zokhazokha zovuta pamene zakudya zina sizipezeka.

Kodi chakudya ayenera kuchepetsa?

Ngakhale mbuzi zimadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwa ziweto zanzeru kwambiri, zimatha kudya zopatsa poizoni. Zakudya zina zimangoperekedwa zochepa:

• celandine - lili ndi alkaloid, amaona ndi chomera chakupha, ndipo ngakhale pali milandu ya chiphe wa mbuzi. Koma zazing'ono zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wowerengeka yothandizira kuthana ndi majeremusi. Mulimonsemo, muyenera kupatula kuti asatuluke ku chakudyacho, kapena mutha kupatsa mbuzi celandine pang'ono, monga anthelmintic,
• zipatso ndi zakudya zina zokhala yambiri shuga - chifukwa nayonso mphamvu ndi bloating rumen chimbudzi akawinduka,
• nthambi zamitengo ya mbalame ziyenera kuperekedwa kokha mwa mawonekedwe a tsache ndi mitengo ina, chakudya cha tsiku ndi tsiku sichaposa magalamu 400,
• malalanje, ma supimmons, ma tangerine, nthochi ndi masamba ena awa ndi zina zina zosakhala zachilendo sizowopsa kwa mbuzi, koma popeza izi sizidziwika m'thupi la nyama, ziyenera kuperekedwa (ngakhale ngati zingatheke) pang'ono pokha,
• M'madzi wobiriwira achinyamata udzu, nyemba, clover, sainfoin, kabichi ndi Beet masamba, wadulidwa udzu, yonyowa mosavuta thovu ndi kudya lalikulu zedi chifukwa tympanum ndi,
• ufa, ufa wosalala pansi, mtanda - izi zimadyetsa kwambiri zimachulukitsa kukula kwa miciclora ya cicatricial, yomwe imatsogolera ku foamy tympanum.

Malingaliro olakwika ndi oletsedwa kudyetsa mbuzi ndi nthangala ya mpendadzuwa. Ziweto zosavuta kudya mkate, imene muli peel lalikulu zedi. Mukamadyetsa njere, muyenera kuopa kwambiri zomwe zili ndi mafuta ambiri - mbuzi zambiri komanso zonenepa kwambiri zimachepetsa zipatso.

Poizoni sangakhale wobzala zakutchire zokha, komanso wodziwika bwino kwa ife zikhalidwe zamakhalidwe - mapira, manyuchi, maudzu aku Sudan, buluwheat, beets, chimanga, ndi zina zotere mikhalidwe. Osangokhala zitsamba ndi mbewu zobzalidwa zokha zimangokhala zapoizoni, komanso zitsamba ndi mitengo ina.

Zakudya zapoizoni komanso zowopsa

Gawo lalikulu la poizoni wodyetsa nyama limayambitsidwa ndi mbeu za poizoni zomwe zimapezeka mu udzu ndi msipu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino mitundu ya zomera zapoizoni zomwe zimamera m'malo osiyanasiyana, malo omwe zimakula, poizoni wogwira ntchito mwa iwo, momwe zimapangidwira ndikupangidwira, komanso kutulutsa zinthu zapoizoni m'magawo azomera.

Chakudya chabwino chitha kubweretsa buku. Kudyetsa unyinji wambiri, mankhusu a tirigu ndi osavomerezeka. Kuphuka kumachititsanso kuti utuchi udyedwe kuchokera ku zinyalala, dothi ndi mchenga pomwe chakudya chidatsekeka.

• Lupine ndi poizoni mu udzu, muli ma alkaloids. Mu mbuzi, zimayambitsa kupweteka komanso vuto la kubereka. Lupine amakhala ndi bowa yemwe amapanga mycotoxins yemwe amawononga chiwindi. Imfa imadza chifukwa cha kupuma ziwalo,
• Fern ndi woopsa nthawi zonse kukula ndi udzu. Enzyme ya thiaminase imatsutsana ndi vitamini B1 mu fern, ikudziunjikira m'thupi, imayambitsa kuperewera kwa thiamine muhatchi, chifukwa chomwe pamakhala mavuto ndi mgwirizano wamagulu, kukula ndi kukula kwa thupi kumachepa. Imfa imachitika chifukwa cha magazi amkati,
• Chemeritsa imakhala ndi alkaloids veratin, protovetrin A ndi B, neurin, etc. Mlingo wapoizoni wa 400 g. Imfa imachitika chifukwa cha kupunduka kwa dongosolo la kupuma. Zoopsa mu udzu.

Timalima mbatata zodzala ndi mafuta odzola zomwe zimakhala ndi glucoalkaloid solanine. Mbuzi siziyenera kupatsidwa mbatata zosaphika ndi khungu lotsekemera. Komanso choopsa ndi madzi omwe mbatata zinkaphika. Solanine imapezekanso mumapamwamba azidutswa apamwamba a mbatata. Itha kudyetsedwa mu mawonekedwe a silage osakaniza ndi mbewu zina.

Zomera za chimbudzi:

• Cirsium (aster) - masamba ndi inflorescence adaphimbidwa ndi ma spines omwe amawononga mucous membrane wamkamwa ndi m'mimba
• Bristles (njere zapachaka) - spikelets wokutidwa ndi tsitsi lalitali lomwe limapanga bezoars m'mimba mwa mbuzi,
• Tirsa, nthenga za nthenga (dzinthu) - minyewa yayitali yopyapyala imayendetsa zimagwira pakhungu ndi khungu,
• Trailer (maambulera) - zipatsozo zimakutidwa ndi minga, nthawi zambiri zimatchinga chakudya cha tirigu, kupweteketsa m'mimba mucosa.

Chakudya cha Flaxseed chili ndi glucoside yaamamarine. Mafuta amathanso kudyetsedwa mwa mawonekedwe owuma okha, chifukwa zinthu zake zapoizoni zimawonekera pokhudzana ndi madzi ofunda.

Cruciferous oilcake (mpiru, wogwiririra, colza, camelina) ali ndi zinthu zovulaza - mafuta a mpiru. Mikate iyi imadyetsedwa kwa mbuzi zachikulire, osaposa 0,5-1 makilogalamu pamutu uliwonse patsiku louma. Anawo amatha kuwapatsa mawonekedwe okamba wowiritsa pomwe kununkhira kwa mpiru kumasowa.

Keke ya Hemp imakhala ndi zinthu zoipa za narcotic zomwe zimayambitsa colic, kutsekula m'mimba, komanso kuchotsa mimba. Mutha kudyetsa osaposa 2,5 kg patsiku. Chakudya champhongo sichimaperekedwa kwa mbuzi ndi mbuzi zapakati.

Zowononga chomera

Mbewu za tirigu nthawi zambiri zimavutika ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Chimodzi mwaziphuphuzi ndi ergot. Rye nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa, ndipo mu nyengo yonyowa amawonetsedwa kwakukulu pa tirigu, barele, oats, mapira, timsel, fescue ndi udzu wina wamphaka. Kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwa rye to ergot kukufotokozedwa ndi kutalika kwa maluwa ndi mawonekedwe ake a maluwa ake, omwe amadziwika ndi kupukutira kwa mtanda, ndipo amatseguka kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndi kugonja kwa makutu amtundu wa rye pa nthawi yake yakucha, m'malo mwa mbewu, sclerotia ya bowa (nyanga) ya mawonekedwe oblong amapangidwa.Mkulu wa phala, ergot imapezeka mu mtundu wa nyanga zazitali za mtundu wakuda, wokhala ndi kutalika kwa 240 mm ndi makulidwe a 3-5 mm. Pofuna kuthana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa mbeu za rye yozizira, komanso mbewu zina za chimanga, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotsatirazi:

• kuyeretsa bwino tirigu wa rye ndi mbewu zina za chimanga kuchokera ku nyanga zamphepo pamakina ochapira tirigu,
• munthawi yake (musanafike maluwa) ndikutchetcha udzu wamiyala m'malire aminda, misewu, m'mbali, m'mphepete,
• kuyesa mbewu kuti kukhazikitse chikondi ndi kugawa malo abwino,
• kukolola kwa nthawi yake tirigu wokhala ndi kuyeretsa kopambanitsa, komwe, monga lamulo, mbewu zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mavu,
• chiputu chimabowola komanso kulima mozama pambuyo pake, kupatsa mphamvu khungu lozama kwambiri, kuteteza kumera kwawo,
• kasinthasintha wa mbewu, pobwerera mbewu monga chimanga, osati kale kuposa zaka 2.
• mankhwala a mbewu za rye pogwiritsa ntchito fungicides,
• kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yolimbana ndi matenda a ergot.

Zowopsa mkaka

Ubwino wa mkaka umaipira pamene wapatsidwa mbuzi:

• chowawa, chimapangitsa mkaka kukhala wowawa ngati mupereka mbuzi yoposa nthambi ziwiri patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, ndimbewu yopindulitsa yomwe imakhala ndi antiparasite ndipo imathandizanso kugaya,
• celandine - kununkhira kowawa kumawonekera, kuwonekera kwa chikasu, kukaka mkaka kumachepa. Mutha kupatsa mbuzi celandine yaying'ono - ichi ndi chomera chowopsa chomwe chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala,
• ma beets a shuga, akamadyetsa zoposa 1.5-2 makilogalamu patsiku, amakhudza kwambiri mafuta okhutira ndi mkaka, zimatha kukhala zosatheka kukonzekera zinthu zopangidwa mkaka,
• kabichi, masamba kabichi - kuchepetsa mafuta mkaka,
• kuchuluka kwa ma silage (oposa 3 makilogalamu) kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni ndi mafuta,
• chifukwa cha sorelo, mkaka wa mbuzi umakhala wowawasa wowawasa,
• adyo amapatsa fungo linalake (adyo), ndipo mkaka umakhala wowawa.
• Zomera kuchokera ku genem Anemone ndi Marena kudaya ndikadyetsedwa kwa mbuzi kumapereka mkaka utoto wa pinki,
• ma hatchi ndi adyo wamtchire (adyo wamtchire) kumapangitsa mkaka kukhala wowawa,
• Klopovnik amapatsa mkaka kukoma kosasangalatsa ndi kutulutsa kofiira,
• chamomile chatsopano chimayamwa mkaka, chikawuma, sichimapereka vuto ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito matenda ambiri,
• marshold - imachepetsa mkaka,
• kugwiriridwa kumapangitsa mkaka kukhala wosakoma ndi kununkhira kosasangalatsa,
• kusokoneza kumawononga kukoma kwa mkaka (kumakhala kowawa ndi fungo la camphor), ndipo zochuluka kumayambitsa poyizoni.

Mkaka umapeza kununkhira kowonda kwambiri ndi kukoma pamene nyama zadya chitsamba chowawa, pomwe zimakhala ndi mafuta ofunikira kwambiri. Ndikokwanira kuti mbuzi idye magalamu 100-200 a chitsamba chobiriwira cham'madzi (chitsamba choyera), kotero kuti fungo losasangalatsa limawonekera mkaka. Zomwezo zimawonedwa pakudya ragweed. Mkaka wowawa umaperekedwanso ndi duwa louma louma - wobiriwira ndi udzu, daisies, yarrow (mitengo), osandiyiwala, etc. Mkaka pamene mbuzi zimadya zobiriwira zamtundu wa radish, wogwiriridwa, rutabaga, munda yarut amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukoma kwapadera.

Zomera zamasamba zimakhala ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zogwira ntchito zomwe zimakhala ndi mahomoni zomwe zimasokoneza njira yachibadwa ya kubereka. Mtundu wawo ndi zomwe zimadalira zimatengera mtundu wa mbewu. Pali magulu anayi a zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kugonana mbuzi:

1. phytoestrogens,
2. antiestrogens
3. antigonadotropins,
4. zinthu za antithyroid.

Ma mahomoni (thyreostatic action) omwe amapangidwa m'maselo ophatikizika amasokoneza ntchito ya thumba losunga mazira ndi chithokomiro. Ndi kuchuluka kudyetsa kabichi, canola, zonyansa mu fetus zimadziwika (kuchotsa mimba, kubadwa kwa ana osagwira ntchito). Komanso, zakudya zomwe zimapangidwa ndi gawo lalikulu la kabichi zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa kukula kwa nyama zazing'ono, kukula kwa goiter.Ndikothekanso kupatsa mbuzi zochuluka ngati kuchulukitsa zakudya ndi ayodini.

Kuphatikiza pa udzu wapoizoni, udzu wamtchire umakhala wofalikira m'minda ya msipu ndi msipu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti namsongole awononge kwambiri mtundu wake. Ndikosatheka kupanga nsalu zapamwamba kuchokera ku ubweya wofundidwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya burdock, ndipo oweta mbuzi amawonongeka. Pakusaka mbuzi zakudyedwe ndi ubweya, mbewu zamtundu umodzi zomwe zimadula msipu ndi malo owetera msipu zimavulaza. Zomera zotere zimaphatikizapo chisoso, Velcro splintered, pinworm, udzu wa nthenga. Zipatso ndi magawo ena a mbewu zimamatira ku ubweya, zomwe zimawonongera mawonekedwe ake ndikuchepetsa zipatso.

Zomera zotsalira

• Alfalfa yaying'ono, kapena Crimea burdock
• Nthenga (wamatsitsi),
• Moto wofunda
• Singano ya Strawberry,
• Ndevu
• Goosebump,
• Tepi ya Velcro,
• Black muzu mankhwala
• Munthu wa gingerbread waku California
• Kugundika kumamveka
• Zotsatira zitatu,
• Sitimayi

Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri popewa poyizoni ndi kuphimba ubweya wambiri ndi kuwononga namsongole ndi mbewu za poizoni pamalo odyetserako msipu, malo odyetserako ziweto, madambo, ndi zina mwa mbewu zamunda. M'mafamu ambuzi, zotopetsa, zitsamba zakupha ziyenera kuwonongedwa pafupi ndi minda, koshars, besi, malo okhala ndi malo amadzi, komanso njira za ng'ombe.