Hatchi yonyamula anthu yaku America idapangidwa m'ma 1900. Panthawiyo, olimilawo m'deralo amafunikira mahatchi okhala ndi zofewa, kupirira komanso kulimba kwa git. Pamahatchi oterowo ndikosavuta kuyendayenda pamadera akuluakulu ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakhala omasuka pachisoni. Masiku ano mzere wobweretserawu ndiodziwika kwambiri ku America. Owayimira akuwonetsa zida zawo zokongola paz mphete zowonetsera, momwe pakati pawo pamakhala kugunda kovuta kwambiri, kotchedwa Rack.
Mitundu yamahatchi aku America
Mbiri yakale
Kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18, mitundu 2 yamahatchi inali yotchuka ku North America - Old Narragansetta ndi Canada. Akavalo amenewa anali amphaka. Pamaziko awo, mzere watsopano wovomerezeka udayambika podutsa ndi mahatchi okwanira, omwe adachokera ku England. Otsala aku America adasowa kwambiri akavalo omwe anali ndi machitidwe awiri nthawi imodzi - agility ndi kufewa kwa gait. Amayenera kuzungulira chuma chawo tsiku lililonse, kukhala pachisoni kwa maola 5-8.
Pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, mtundu wina unapangidwa, womwe anthu amawutcha Amereka. Mahatchi amatenga zofunikira kuchokera kwa makolo awo - adatenga kukongola, chisomo ndi ukoma kuchokera kwa nthumwi za mtundu wa Chingerezi, ndipo kufatsa kwa maphunzirowo kunawapatsira iwo kumbali ya amayi. Kutchulidwa koyamba kavalo wokwera mahatchi waku America kumapezeka zolemba zaboma za 1776.
M'zaka za zana la 18, mtundu uwu unkagwiritsidwa ntchito ponseponse. Pakupita kwa sabata, oimira ake amagwira ntchito molimbika m'munda, ndipo kumapeto kwa sabata anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda pamahatchi komanso pamagalimoto.
Yang'anani! Kuti apititse patsogolo, kavalo waku America pambuyo pake adawoloka ndi akavalo a Morgan ndi Standardbred. Chifukwa cha izi, mahatchiwo adalimbikira kwambiri komanso kukhala wamphamvu.
Ziwonetsero zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ku America, nthumwi za mtundu watsopano zalandila mamiliyoni otchuka osati kukongola kwawo, komanso chifukwa cha luso lawo logwira ntchito komanso kuthekera kosonyeza machitidwe osiyana. Panthawi ya Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni, mahatchi amenewa adatumikira mokhulupirika kulamula Confederate. Adadzitsimikizira kuti anali olimba mtima, olimba mtima ndi nyama zolimba. Pokhudzana ndi kutchuka kwakukwera kwa mtundu wamahatchi aku America kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 19, zidasankhidwa kuti zizivomereze ndi kulembetsa. Zinachitika mu 1891.
Zambiri za Akavalo Aku America Akukwera
Oimira mzere wa pedigree, wobadwira ku United States, atchuka chifukwa cha luso lawo logwira ntchito. Chofunikira chawo ndikutha kuyenda ndi zovuta, zomwe ku America zimatchedwa kuti ngozi.
Uku ndi mtanda pakati pa trot ndi amble. Njira yoyendayenda iyi imadziwika ndi kulanda malo ambiri ndikuwonjezera pang'ono kwamiyendo. Pokhala pachisoni, wokwera amakhala womasuka, monga momwe gallop yake imakhalira yachangu, koma nthawi yomweyo yosalala.
Yang'anani! Mahatchi okwera pamahatchi aku America. Kutha kusuntha komwe kunawonongeka kunawathandiza kuti akhale otchuka padziko lonse lapansi.
Amembala ambiri amtundu amatha kusuntha kuyambira kubadwa. Ndi adani ena okha omwe ayenera kuphunzitsa zolimbitsa thupi. Iwo amaphunzira sayansi mwachangu, m'magawo ochepa ophunzitsira, kenako amawonjezera maluso awo.
Akavalo aku America okwera pamahatchi amatha kuchita zinthu zapadera pomwe miyendo yakumbuyoyo itakhala kumbuyo. Nthawi yomweyo, mchira wahatchi umakwezedwa pamwamba. Ku America, ziwonetsero ndi ziwonetsero zakhala zikuchitika kuyambira kalekale momwe mahatchi amawonetsera maluso awo.
Buku. Kuti mchira wa nyama ukhale pamalo okwera, amachitidwa opaleshoni pomwe minofu yomwe ili kumapeto kwa mchira imadulidwa.
Kunja ndi utoto
Mahatchi okwera ku America ali ndi masewera othamanga ndipo amadziwika ndi maonekedwe ake okongola. Amakhala ndi khungu loonda komanso owonda kwambiri. Chosangalatsa chachikulu ndikuwona kayendedwe kawo. Zikuwoneka kuti akavalo akuvina.
Ganizirani za mahatchi akunja:
Akavalo aku America
- kutalika ndi 1.55 m,
- Mutu uli wowuma komanso wowuma ndi mbiri yowongoka (yosakhala ndi mbiri),
- makutu owongoka owongoka
- maso akulu owonetsa
- thupi lalitali lokhala ndi msana wolimba komanso kuwerama pang'ono m'munsi,
- khosi lalitali lakuthwa lokota bwino.
- khalani zida zankhondo,
- chifuwa chachikulu chachikulu
- okwera bwino oyang'anira
- miyendo yayitali youma ndikukhala koyenera.
Mahatchi okwera aku America amatha kuyimilidwa mumtundu uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri m'mitunduyi mumakhala ma suti:
Oimira ambiri a mzere wamagulu omwe akukambiranawa adatulutsa zoyera pamphepete mwa mutu ndi malekezero.
Khalidwe
Akavalo ochokera ku America anatengera kwa makolo awo kudzipereka kuti adzagwire ntchito yonse. Amakhala okonzekera kuphunzitsa kwa maola ambiri, pambuyo pake amabwezeretsa mphamvu. Nyama izi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe komanso bata, zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malingaliro ochenjera ndipo zimatha kuphunzitsidwa mosavuta.
Gwiritsani ntchito mphete yowonetsera
Ku USA, kumbuyo chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19, mpikisano udali wotchuka momwe mahatchi adawonetsera kukongola kwa gayiti yawo. Sichachabe kuti akavalo aku America omwe adakwera ma America amatchedwa "mapikisano a mphete ya chiwonetsero, 'chifukwa amayenda mokongola kwambiri komanso mokongola, osataya liwiro komanso osachoka.
Pofuna kuwonetsa muulemerero wawo wonse malingaliro a oimira amtunduwu, mahatchi apadera amawagwiritsa ntchito, kuteteza mutu ndi chidendene kuti asamenye miyendo. Miyendo ya akavalo imawoneka yayitali kwambiri m'mayunifolomu oterowo, ndipo kuthamanga kwawo kukungopweteka. Chishalo cha wokwerayo chimayikidwa kuti chifikire pafupi kumbuyo kotsika. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti musunthire pakati pakukweza, kuti nyamazo ziwonetsere ulemu wawo wonse.
Oimira otchuka a mtunduwu
Ma stallions ena amtundu wa American Horse akavalo akondedwa ndi kuvomerezedwa padziko lonse lapansi:
- Jeepsey suprim. Khola lomwe adapambana m'mipikisano yoposa 9 yapadziko lonse lapansi.
- Hatchi yotchedwa Lexington. Munali pamenepo kuti William Sherman nthawi zonse amakhala ngwazi yankhondo ya ku America Civil War.
- Suprim Sultan. Stallion uyu ndi wotchuka ku United States kotero kuti adakhazikitsidwa chipilala ku Kentucky. Ndi mawonekedwe ake omwe amatengedwa ngati muyezo wa mtundu wamahatchi aku America. Hatchi yodziwika bwino iyi yapambana mpikisano wambiri. Tsamba lopatula patsamba la Wikipedia limaperekedwa kwa iye.
- Woyendayenda. Akavalo anali wokondedwa wa wamkulu wa Army Confederate Army, Robert Lee.
- Cincinnati. Stallion anali wa ndale waku America komanso wamkulu wa a Ulysses Grant pa nthawi ya Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni ku United States.
American Horse Museum
Anthu aku America amakonda kuyika mahatchi amtunduwu mwakuti amatsegula malo osungiramo zinthu zakale omwe amapatsidwa. Ili ku Kentucky Horse Park. Pafupi ndi khomo la khomo la nyumbayo pali chipilala chopanda tanthauzo kwambiri ngati kavalo wotchedwa Suryprim Sultan.
Ziwonetsero zomwe zimakhala m'malo osungiramo zinthu zakalezi zitha kuuza alendo zambiri zokhudzana ndi mbiri ya akavalo okongola. Amatha kukhudzidwa, ndipo ena amaloledwa kukhala. Samatenga ndalama zochezera, koma azilipira pafupifupi $ 12 kuti alowe mu Horse Park.
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale imakhala ndi chidziwitso chilichonse chokhudza bulu yemwe akukwera ku America, kuphatikizapo mtengo wabanja. Ku laibulale yakwanuko kuli mabuku opitilira 3,000 onena za mtunduwu. Pokumbukira za ulendowu mutha kugula kachikumbutso kakang'ono.
Mahatchi okwera pama America amatanthauza zambiri ku dziko lawo. Izi ndi nyama zachilendo zomwe zimagunda mitima ya anthu ndi kukongola, chisomo, ulemu, kulimba mtima ndi kupirira. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti mahatchiwa adagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi akuluakulu a boma pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni.
Mustang
Omasuliridwa kuchokera ku Chisipanishi, mawuwa amatanthauza "kuthengo, palibe." Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya akavalo aku America, ngakhale poyamba sanali nzika zaku America. Makolo a mahatchiwa adabwera ndi achi French ndi aku Spaniards ochokera ku Europe m'zaka za zana la 17.
Mpaka zaka za zana la 20, masheya awo anali pafupifupi mamiliyoni awiri m'maboma onse. Tsopano mahatchi atsala pang'ono kutha, ndipo chifukwa cha izi ndi kusaka mahatchi atchire, omwe anachitika m'zaka za zana la 20 chifukwa cha nyama ndi zikopa zawo. Komanso, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zabwino, adayamba kuzigwiritsa ntchito mnyumba. Masiku ano, kutetezedwa kwa mtunduwu kumayendetsedwa pam boma ndipo kungopezeka m'malo osungirako nyama ndi malo achilengedwe.
Kunja, ma Mustangs ndi ochepa kutalika, kutalika kuchokera pansi mpaka pamutu ndi masentimita 150, kulemera - 400 kilogalamu. Mangani - pafupifupi, miyendo yamphamvu komanso yamphamvu. Utoto umakhala wowoneka bwino, wofiyira komanso wapamwamba, koma mutha kupezanso mangoda akuda. Ma Mustangs amakhala m khola ndipo monga mwa ng'ombe zilizonse, ali ndi wamwamuna ndi wamkazi.
Wamphongo ndiye mtsogoleri amene amatsogolera ndi kutsogolera gulu, ndipo wamkulu wamkazi pangozi amateteza ana ang'ono ndi kukonza akazi otsala.
Kavalo wa zonona waku America
Mtundu wawung'ono wamahatchiwa ndi wa akavalo olemera. Matendawa adawoneka mu 40s wa XX century ku America, pa imodzi mwama famu, kuchokera ku mare yotchedwa Granny. Maim anali mtundu wa zonona wosazolowereka, ndipo ngakhale kuti abulogu wake sadziwika, zimaganiziridwa kuti panali magalimoto akuluakulu. M'mwana wake wotsatira, mwini famuyo adadzisiyira thumba limodzi ndikuyamba kukonza mtunduwo kuchokera kwa iye. Mu 1950, mtunduwu udalembetsedwa mwalamulo.
Oyimira kirimu waku America ali ngati magetsi. Kutalika kwa nyamazo pafupifupi kufika masentimita 170; ali ndi miyendo yolimba ndi msana wamphamvu. Kulemera sikoposa 450 kilogalamu. Mtundu wa nyamazo ndi wodabwitsa: kirimu, kapena amatchedwanso isabella, ndipo maso amakhala ngati amber.
Poyamba, anyani amkabadwa ndi maso oyera pafupi ndi mtundu wake ndipo samatchulika pang'ono, pokhapokha ndi nthawi pomwe amapeza mtundu wake. Mahatchi amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'mafamu pantchito yayikulu. Sali oyenerera kuthamanga ndi kuyenda.
Wofiirira waku America
Kupanda kutero, mtundu uwu umatchedwa wokhazikika, kutanthauza kuti "wopangidwa kukhala wofanana." Zoyeserera za ku America zinalengedwa kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 ndi 19. Kuyambira pachiyambi pomwe, kudula mitengo kudachitika pofuna kuphatikiza zabwino zonse kuchokera kwa omwe akutenga nawo mbali mtundu watsopano. Popanga ma trotters aku America, zoweta monga ma Dutch, Norfolk ndi Anglo-Arabian trotters ndi mahatchi aku Canada zidakhudzidwa. Mitunduyi idalembetsedwa mwalamulo mu 1871.
Kunja, awa ndi akavalo okongola kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwawo amatha kufikira masentimita 170. Mosiyana ndi ma bwalo ena, miyendo yawo ndiyofupikitsa, phokoso lawo ndilocheperapo ndipo makosi awo ndi a kutalika kwapakati. Mtundu, monga lamulo, ukhoza kukhala wa Bay, wakuda kapena krakow. Akavalo amapangidwira mitundu ndi liwiro, motero, sizosadabwitsa kuti ali ndi mbiri padziko lonse lapansi (1 mile osakwana mphindi 2).
Akavalo ataliyana aku America
Kubereka kwamahatchi kumeneku ndi kwakale kwambiri, koma kudayamba mu 1898, monga momwe zinthu zakale sizikudziwika. Malinga ndi mtundu wina, akavalo awa ali pachibale ndi mahatchi aku Russia ochokera ku mapiri a Ural. Mwanjira ina, ali ndi kholo limodzi ndi kavalo Lokay (kavalo wa Tajik). Mtunduwu umayamba kuyenda nawo pamahatchi okhala ndi tsitsi lopotana lomwe linapezeka ku Nevada. Anawo adalembetsedwa movomerezeka mu 1971.
Mukuwoneka, izi ndi nyama zachilendo kwambiri: zimakhala ndi chovala chambiri komanso chobowoleza, chomwe, ngati mane ndi mchira, ndichopindika mwachilengedwe. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti jini la curly mwa iwo limakhala lambiri ndipo limatengera cholowa. Ndipo ngati nyama yambewu, nthawi ya chilimwe mahatchi amakusenga ubweya wankhosa, ndipo nthawi yozizira imaphukiranso. China chake chovala chawo ndikuti anthu samayanjana nazo.
Mahatchi amtunduwu amafikira kutalika kwamtunda wa mita imodzi ndi theka, thupi limakhala lolimba komanso lofanana, khosi, ngati miyendo, ndi lalifupi kwambiri, kumbuyo kumakhala kolunjika komanso kolimba.
Chifukwa cha ubweya wawo, nyamazo zimatha kupirira nyengo yozizira mpaka -40 digiri Celsius. Mtundu wa chovalachi ukhoza kukhala uliwonse, koma ma tinsoni ofiira amakhala ambiri. Akavalo ndi oyenereradi ntchito yaulimi, komanso okwera pamavuto achisangalalo ndi masewera.
Hatchi yaying'ono yaku America
Kuphatikiza pa kukhala imodzi ya akavalo osazolowereka, mtunduwu nawonso ndi wakale kwambiri. Malinga ndi lingaliro lina, makolo awo adakhala zaka pafupifupi 40 miliyoni zapitazo ku North America. Maumboni ena ake amapezeka ku Egypt, komwe zotsalira za akavalo ang'onoang'ono amapezeka m'manda. Ndipo ndendende zokhudzana ndi mtundu wawung'ono uwu udawonetsedwa mu 1760 ku England. Pulezidenti wamakono adalembetsedwa mu 1978, pomwe mitundu ingapo yamahatchi ang'onoang'ono idawolokedwa kale kuti ikubereke.
Oimira mtunduwu amatha kukhala amtundu uliwonse, kutalika kwa kufota sikupitilira masentimita 90, kulemera kwa nyamayo kumasiyana pakati pa 50-70 kilogalamu. Mutu wawo sunakulire, wokhala ndi mphumi wam'mimba, khosi limakhala lalitali, ndipo thupi limakhala lolimba.
Mahatchi ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa, chifukwa chake amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazowonetsa ndi mitundu mitundu. Komanso, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo ochezeka komanso ochezeka, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malangizo kwa anthu akhungu.
Kupweteka
American painthorse ndi amodzi mwodziwika komanso wotchuka, amadziwikanso kuti "Hatara Yopaka". Akuluakulu a mtunduwu ndi azinyama aku Spain, omwe adalowetsedwa ku America kuyambira nthawi ya Columbus. Akavalowo adayamba mawonekedwe awo apano chifukwa chodutsa kavalo wamtunda wa kotala (quarterhorse) ndi mtundu wa akavalo okwera. Poyamba, adagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafuko a Amwenye moyo wawo wonse. Kenako olanda ng'ombe adathokoza mtundu wawo wa kudumpha mwachangu. Mtunduwu udalembetsedwa kale m'zaka za 60s za XX.
Kunja, ndi kavalo wokongola kwambiri, ali ndi maso abuluu, thupi lamphamvu lopanda minyewa yozungulira. Mutu ndi wocheperako, ndipo miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yolimba komanso yamphamvu kwambiri kutsogolo. Kutalika kwa kubereka kufota kufikira masentimita 165, kulemera kwake kumafika ma kilogalamu 500.
Mtundu, monga lamulo, toni-awiri. Hatchiyo ili ndi malo owoneka bwino kapena akuda posiyanitsa ndi mtundu wakuda, ngakhale wakuda kwambiri. Ngati nyamayo ili ndi mawanga osazolowereka kapena osamveka ndipo yayamba makamaka pamimba ndi pamutu, mtunduwu umatchedwa Zapitilira. Nyama zokhala ndi miyendo yoyera ndi mawanga pafupipafupi pachifuwa ndi khosi zimayitanidwa Tobiano. Nthawi zambiri, ofiira amaphatikizidwa ndi yoyera, komanso Bay kapena yakuda.
Zowawa zam'madzi zaku America ndizoyenera ntchito yaulimi, komanso masewera othamanga akavalo komanso owonetsa pamahatchi.
Tidawunikiranso oimira otchuka kwambiri amitundu yamahatchi aku America. Nyama zina ndizoyenera kulima, ndipo zina zimangothamanga chifukwa chothamanga pamahatchi. Komabe, pali mitundu ina yomwe yaphatikiza mawonekedwe onse a nyama izi. Masiku anonso, mitundu yatsopano yatsopano komanso yatsopano yamahatchi ikadabisidwanso.
Onani mahatchi 10 apamwamba kwambiri mu vidiyo yotsatirayi.
Chiyambitsi cha Hatchi Yaku America Yokwera
Mahatchi okumbukira ku America amachokera ku zikondwerero za akavalo komanso magaleta osavuta, omwe adabwera ku North America kuchokera ku Britain Isles m'zaka za zana la 17. Mikhalidwe yatsopanoyi, mahatchi afupiafe adamera bwino.
Akavalo aku America.
M'mphepete mwa Rhode Island, mutagwira ntchito yosankha, Narraganasset pacifier idapezeka. Mahatchiwa anali ochulukirapo kudera lonse lakum'mawa, osapatula Virginia.Ma Narraganasset pacers anasuntha amble, motero anali oyenera kukwera pachishalo.
Ku USA masiku ano mahatchiwa kulibe, chifukwa chachikulu ndikuti masauzande a iwo atumizidwa ku West India.
Mbadwa yachindunji ya Naragansetta pacer ndi Paso Fino. Posakhalitsa mtunduwu usanathere, maara aku Narragansett adawoloka ndi mahatchi oyera, omwe amakoloni adachokera ku England m'zaka za m'ma 1800.
Mu 1776, mtunduwo udakhala ndi umunthu wake. Kuchokera kwa makolo akale, adalandira kukongola komanso kukula. Monga purebreds, adatha kuphunziranso zofewa.
Hatchi yaku America idapangidwa m'zaka za zana la 19 ndikudutsa kavalo wokwanira, Canada ndi Morgan.
Mtundu wa akavalo okwera pama America adatchulidwa koyamba mu 1776 m'makalata aboma. Ankazigwiritsa ntchito yolima, poyenda komanso kuyenda pamagalimoto.
Mahatchi aku America adayamikiridwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo komanso kulimba kwawo. Pa mahatchi amenewa, oyenda pamahatchi amakoloweka ndi asitikali achizungu ku Britain ku South Carolina. Mu 1812, Kentucky pa akavalo aku America adamenya ma Briteni ndi amwenye omwe anali othandizira ku England.
Kukula kwa akavalo aku America
Pamene mtunduwo unapangidwa, mitanda yokhala ndi mahatchi oyera okhaokha inkachitika kawiri konse, ndipo pambuyo pake magazi a oyenda-oyenda okhaokha nawonso anakula.
Zosangalatsa pagulu zinayamba kutchuka, chimodzi mwazionetsero zamahatchi. Pa ziwonetsero zoyambirira zomwe zidachitika ku Missouri, Virginia, Kentucky ndi Lexington, mphoto zotchuka kwambiri ndidali mahatchi okwera ku America.
Akavalo awa adalandira ulemu wa champikisano chifukwa cha machitidwe awo apamwamba ogwira ntchito komanso kukongola kwa kunja.
Chiwonetsero cha akavalo oyamba chinachitika mu 1856, ndipo patapita nthawi chinakhala cha dziko lonse. Chiwonetserochi chinachitikira ku St. Louis, pamenepo kavalo wokakwera aku America adatchuka kwambiri. Ku Kentucky, mtundu uwu unakhala chinthu chachikulu chogulitsa, nthawi imeneyo chimatchedwa "Kentucky Riding." Mahatchiwa ankadziwika kuti ndi chuma cha dziko lonse.
Anthu zikwizikwi adatumizidwa kumayiko akumwera ndi kum'mawa. Panthawi ya nkhondo yapachiweniweni ku United States, akavalo okwera pama America ndi amodzi mwazodziwika bwino. Adzipanga okha ngati akavalo opanda mantha komanso olimba mtima kunkhondo. Akavalo amenewa anali atakwiriridwa ndi akazembe ambiri otchuka, mwachitsanzo, Lee, Grant, Sherman ndi Stonewell Jackson.
Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni komanso kubwerera kwa asirikali kudziko lakwawo, mtundu wa akavalo awa adadziwika kwambiri m'magawo onse adzikoli. Mahatchi okwera mahatchi aku America adayamba kupezeka ku malo okhala ku New York ndi mafamu aku Texas. Nkhondo itatha, chilungamo chidabwezeretsedwa ku St. Louis.
Mu 1880, obereketsa akavalo, mouziridwa ndi kutchuka kwa amitunduwo, adafuna kuti alembetse. Charles F. Mills adayamba kupeka ma pedigrees ndikupanga malamulo olembetsera amtunduwo.
Mpaka pano, mahatchi okwera ku America ndiofala m'maiko onse aku America, amatumizidwanso ku Germany, England, Scandinavia, Australia, Holland, Japan, Greece ndi mayiko ena ambiri. Ku South Africa, kavalo wokakwera aku America ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri. Adafika ku Africa pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse. Ku Kentucky mu 1997, magulu asanu a World Cup omwe adachokera ku Africa adakhala opambana pa World Championship.
Akavalo aku America ali ndi mbiri yayitali. Uwu ndi mtundu wowona wa ku America womwe aku America amanyadira nawo.
Wokwera Akavalo aku America Kunja
Kutalika kwa kufota kumafika masentimita 154 mpaka 174, koma nthawi zambiri - masentimita 157. Mutu sukulira, pali makutu ochepa. Khosi limakhala lalitali komanso lopindika. Zifota ndi zazitali, zotchulidwa bwino. Masewera olimbitsa thupi. Oimira mtundu uwu amatha kuwona suti iliyonse. Chikhalidwe ndi magwiridwe a kavalo waku America
Mtunduwu wadziyambitsa bwino mumitundu yonse yamasewera a equestrian, makamaka kuthamanga, kuwonetsa kulumpha ndi kuchita dressage. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino ndi kufulumira.
Amatha kuphunzira, mwachitsanzo, anyani ena amatha kuchita zowawa kuyambira pakubadwa, pomwe ena amaphunzira izi ataphunzitsidwa. Akavalo amakwaniritsa mutuwu mwa kusunthira mutu wake kumbali ina kupita kwina. Kuti mukwaniritse njirayi, mahatchi ambiri aku America amafunikira maphunziro angapo.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Akavalo aku America mu mphete yowonetsera
Akavalo aku America mu mphete yowonetsera
Okwera pamahatchi aku America amakhala amtengo wapatali pama mphete owonetsa chifukwa cha kukongola kwawo, ndikupeza dzina laulemu "mapikisano a mphete yamawonetsero" yotchuka m'mabwalo aku America. Amatha kuchita zisangalalo zazitatu zokha (sitepe, trot, gallop), komanso imodzi yamphamvu-inayi. "Brand" ndi njira yovuta kwambiri, yachangu komanso yokongola ya Rack.
Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamipikisano, yomwe imatchedwa "Mpando Wachisoni". Zikatero, zikwama zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimachotsedwa pamalo pomwe zimakhalapo kuti kulemera kwa wokwerayo kugwere kumbuyo. Izi zimathandiza kuti nyamayo iwonetse kukongola kwa ulendowo popanda kutaya gitala. Pogwira ntchitoyi, mahatchi apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ateteze mutu ndi chidendene cha ziboda zamiyendo yakutsogolo kugunda miyendo yakumbuyo ndikuwonjezera miyendo. Izi zimawoneka ngati zokongola, chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kukwezedwa kokwanira ndikugogomezera chidwi chowoneka bwino.
Mitengo yapadera ya chishalo cha akavalo
Posachedwa, pazowonetsera zamagulu aku America omwe akukwera, nyama zimayikidwa pachiwonetsero ndi mchira wawo lalitali ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo kumbuyo. Nthawi zina mchira umapangidwa kuti ukhale wa mahatchi - minofu ya cholembedwacho imadulidwa kuti mchirawo ukhale “chiwonetsero,” momwe umakwezedwa pamwamba.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa mphete yowonetsera
American Horse Museum
American Horse Museum
Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyi, yodzipereka kwathunthu ku mtundu wa American Riding komanso zomwe oimira ake akuchita, ili ku Kentucky Horse Park ku 4083 Iron Works Parkway, Lexington, Kentucky, 40511 USA. Kuvomerezedwa ndiulere, muyenera kulipira $ 12 kuti mulowe paki. Simungoyang'ana zowonetsera zokha, komanso muziwakhudza ndi manja anu, ndipo mutha kukhala pa ena.
Pakhomo la Museum pali chifanizo cha Süprim Sultan, woimira wamkulu wa mtunduwu.
Ziwonetsero zonse zakale zosungidwa zakale zimapatsidwa gawo lomwe mahatchi akukwera aku America adachita mu mbiri ya US ndikupanga mtunduwo. Ziwonetsero zimasintha nthawi zonse. Pali ziwonetsero zokuthandizani ndi malo osewerera.
Library yosungiramo zinthu zakale imakhala ndi mabuku ambiri pamtunduwu, omwe amaphatikizapo mabuku oposa 3,000. Ilinso ndi chidziwitso chonse cha magazi ndi mtengo wa banja la akavalo aku America.
Nyumbayi ili ndi ziwonetsero zamahatchi ndi zikumbutso zaku America.
Oyimira abulu opatsa chidwi
Akavalo a Jeepsey
- Gypsy Wapamwamba (Gypsy Wapamwamba). Wopambana wa People's Choice World's Champion World Cup mu 1990s. Ponseponse, adapambana m'mipikisano 9 yapadziko lonse lapansi komanso mphotho zambiri zopanda phindu.
- Lexington Stallion uyu adadzazidwa ndi William Sherman, ngwazi ya US Civil War.
Chithunzi choperekedwa kwa Süprim Sultan
- Sultrim Sultan (Mkulu Sultan). Woimira yekhayo wa mtundu womwe adakhazikitsa chipilala ndipo adapeza tsamba la Wikipedia. Anapambana mpikisano ambiri, kuphatikiza otchuka a Chicago International ndi American Royal. Maonekedwe ake tsopano ndi omwe ali muyezo wa America Kukwera.
- Woyendayenda. Kavalo wokondedwa wa wankhondo waku America Civil War, Robert Lee. Adachokera ku trotter wa purebred wotchedwa Gray Eagle ndi amayi, omwe dzina lawo ndi mbiri yakale sizinasungidwe.
- Cincinnati. Atakwera kavalo uyu, Ulysses Grant wodziwika bwino adapambana nkhondo yake mu nkhondo yapakati ya America.
Ngakhale kuti akavalo amtundu waku America wakomwe akukwera anali nyama wamba komanso zankhondo, masiku ano kusadzikuza ndi kuchita zambiri zimatayika. Anewa ndi mahatchi owoneka ovomerezeka kwambiri, omwe amazindikira momwe amasungidwira ndikuzolowera kudya moyenera.
Matenda
Malinga ndi obereketsa aku America, akavalo amtunduwu amatenga kwambiri mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya matenda:
- Epitheliogeneis wopanda pake kapena khungu la pakhungu. Matenda a m'magazi owonekera mwa zibwenzi kuyambira pobadwa. Nthawi yomweyo, khungu pa ziboda, mutu ndi lilime zimatha kudukaduka. Ndi chotupa chachikulu, ankhandwe amafa pakapita masiku angapo kuchokera kumatenda opatsirana, ndi ofooka komanso ocheperako omwe amawasiyira chitukuko, ngakhale kuti mabala amayamba kupola. Nyama zokhala ndi epitheliogeneis wopanda ungwiro ziyenera kuyikidwa pambali pakubereka.
- Matenda a hock.
- Lordosis
- Zomera zosafunikira pamutu.
- Matenda a Iliac.
- Knee matenda olowa
Ambuye okwera pamahatchi
Ambiri mwa matendawa amatha kupewedwa posamalira bwino kavalo.
Kudyetsa
Mpaka 15 malita a chakudya omwe amatha kukwana m'mimba mwahatchi. Chimbudzi chokwanira chimaphatikizapo mpaka malita 200 a chakudya, kuzungulira kwathunthu kwa gawo lake kumatenga masiku awiri. Chakudya chimagwidwa bwino kwambiri ngati simuchita zolimbitsa thupi kwambiri.
Akavalo aku America okwera pamahatchi amadyera pang'onopang'ono chakudya chimodzi, chimatha kutenga ola limodzi. Chakudya chimaperekedwa pamlingo wosaposa 25 kg patsiku. Voliyumu iyi iyenera kugawidwa m'magulu atatu ofanana. Nyama zimadyetsedwa mokhazikika malinga ndi regimen, nthawi yomweyo.
Zakudya zamafuta (udzu ndi mbewu za muzu). Ngati ndi kotheka, ayenera kupezeka mu chakudya cha kavalo tsiku lililonse, chifukwa akadyedwa, timadziti tambiri timatumba timatulutsa.
Ngakhale m'chilimwe, ngati kavalo amadya, muyenera kuwonjezera zina zamakedzedwe.
Ngati muphatikiza udzu womwe wadulidwa kumene muzakudya, onetsetsani kuti sunanyowe kwambiri. Nsipu izikhala youma, yobiriwira komanso yokhala ndi fungo labwino la udzu wouma. Udzu wachikasu, wachikulire, komwe kununkhira kwa zowola kapena nkhungu kumachokera, sikungadyetse kavalo. Alumali moyo wa hay sayenera kupitirira zaka ziwiri.
Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera tirigu wa tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka oats, ndi chinangwa. Ichi ndi chakudya chovuta, chikamamwa mu mawonekedwe ake oyambilira, pakhoza kukhala mavuto ndi chimbudzi. Chifukwa chake, tirigu samakonda kuperekedwa kwathunthu. Amawotchera, kuwiritsa, kuphwanya kapena kuphwanya kukhala chakudya chosakaniza.
Zabwino kupereka chimanga. Muli ndi zinthu zofunika kuti thupi la kavalo, koma kuchuluka kwake pakudya sikuyenera kupitirira kotala limodzi.
Momwe mungathiritsire kavalo
Hatchi yayikulu imasowa pafupifupi malita 50 patsiku. Kuwerengera ndendende kumachitika malinga ndi dongosolo lotsatira - pa 10 makilogalamu a kulemera kamoyo, muyenera kupereka kuchokera ku 0,6 mpaka 1 litre yamadzi patsiku.
Zabwino koposa zonse, ngati madzi amakhala pagulu la anthu nthawi zonse, pokhapokha ngati kavalo wangobwerera kumene ndipo watentha. Makina akumwa omwe ali ndi mwayi wolepheretsa kuti madzi azikhala nthawi yayitali mpaka kutentha kwa thupi la nyama kungabwererenso kukhala yankho labwino. Pakalibe zakumwa zagalimoto, mahatchi amaledzera katatu patsiku asadye. Ngati sanaledzere mokwanira, ndizovomerezeka kumwa zotsalazo za mlingo umodzi mutatha kudya.
Ngati hatchi imaphunzitsanso kwambiri masana, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuti imwani mphindi 20 ntchito isanathe.
Ndikusowa kwa madzi, chimbudzi cha kavalo chimachepetsa, zopangidwazo zimapanga mapuloteni ndi mafuta zimadzunjikira m'thupi, zomwe zingawononge thanzi lanu.
Mitengo ya Mahatchi
Monga mahatchi onse opindika bwino, kukwera ma America kumatha kutengedwa ndi chimfine. Popewa kuzizira, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ochepa osavuta:
- Kutentha kwa mpweya m'khola nyengo yachisanu sikuyenera kugwera pansi madigiri 2-3. Koma sikuyenera kukhala yotentha kwambiri pamenepo, apo ayihatchiyo imakhala yozizira kwambiri ikatulutsidwa mumsewu. Kutentha kwambiri yozizira ndi madigiri 5-12.
- Zojambula sizili zovomerezeka nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Makamaka chilimwe.
- Nyamayi, yokhazikika pambuyo pakuchita zambiri, iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi zofunda ndikuitsogoza masitepe mpaka kuti zibwerere mwakale. Chovala chonyowa chimasinthidwa m'khola kuti chiume. Usiku, zofunda ndizoyenera kuchotsedwa. Kupanda kutero, kavalo amatha kutuluka thukuta.
- Pa - 15 digiri kavalo amayenera kugwira ntchito, kupewa kwambiri katundu. Zingwe zopatsa phokoso zapakati zokha ndizovomerezeka. Ngati msewu ukhala wocheperapo -20 madigiri, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusiya nyamayo m'khola.
- Kutentha kwa madzi akumwa sikuyenera kukhala kochepera -10.