Mumsika wamauni, ma LED akuyamba kutchuka. Makampani otsogolera padziko lonse lapansi popanga zounikira zowongolera amasunga mtengo wamtengo pamtengo wapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malonda awo akhale okwera mtengo kwambiri kwa ogula aku Russia. Kupanga ma LED ku Russia kukuchulukirachulukira. Tiyeni tiwone momwe ma LED amapangidwira, onani matekinoloje opanga ndi makampani omwe amachita izi.
Zinthu Zachilengedwe
Kampani iliyonse imabisa njira zaukadaulo kumbuyo kwa nsalu zotchinga zamalonda. Chifukwa chake, sizingatheke kuwunikira kwathunthu mawonekedwe a chilengedwe, komabe, tiyesetsa kupereka malingaliro apangidwe. Njira yonse imagawidwa m'magawo. Tiyeni tiwone kuti magawo awa ndi chiani ndipo tiunikira iliyonse mwatsatanetsatane.
Pakadali pano, gawo lamtundu wa kristalo limatengedwa (safiro woyimbira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito), atayikidwa mu chipinda chosindikizidwa chapadera.
Chipindacho chimadzazidwa ndi zosakaniza zamagesi zomwe zimafunidwa ndikuyamba kutentha. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa pyrolysis. Zotsatira zake, kanema wa crystalline ma micons angapo wandiweyani akukula pamtunda wa makristasi.
Kenako, kulumikizanaku kudusidwa mu filimuyo ndikugawanika kwakanthawi m'magulu tchipisi chimodzi.
Chip kusanja ndi magulu
Gawo ili limatchedwa kusanja, popeza tchipisi tomwe tidapangidwa kuchokera ku gawo limodzi lomwe lidapangidwa kale timapangidwa bwino. Ma Chipsi amasiyana magawo opitilira 150, koma pali zizindikiro zazikulu zitatu zakulekanitsidwa:
- pakukula kwa radiation,
- mwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu.
Chips chimagawidwa m'magulu okhala ndi magawo oyenera kwambiri. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse kufanana kwa zinthu zopangidwa.
Kulengedwa kwa zinthu za LED
Pali kusankha kwa ma lensi apadera opangidwa ndi silicone, pulasitiki kapena galasi. Pakuganiza, phosphor ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa. LED imasonkhana ndipo magwiridwe antchito a LED iliyonse amawunikidwa pamabenchi oyesera.
Mutha kuwona zambiri mwatsatanetsatane pakupanga ma LED, kusintha mwa mtundu ndikupanga zopangidwa kuchokera ku ma LED mu kanema uyu:
Kupanga ku Russia
Ngakhale kuti matekinoloje aku Russia apita kumbuyo kwa aku Europe, kupanga zinthu za LED kumafikira ku Russia.
Makampani a LED ku Russia amadziwika ndi mfundo ziwiri:
- mabizinesi omwe amakhala ndi mayendedwe athunthu a ma LED,
- mabizinesi omwe amasonkhanitsa ma LED kuchokera ku tchipisi tatengera kunja ndi zida.
Popeza ku Russia makampani a LED akungoyamba kukulira, mabizinesi okhala ndi kuzungulira kwathunthu kwa kupanga kwa LED ndi osowa kwenikweni. Makamaka, opanga aku Russia azinthu zomwe zimatsogolera amagwira ntchito ndi zinthu zina zakunja.
Opanga ma LED odziwika bwino
Makampani apadziko lonse a LED, monga wina aliyense, ali ndi atsogoleri awo. Mwa makampani omwe ali ndi maudindo apamwamba pakupanga ndi kugulitsa zinthu za LED, pali mitundu isanu yotchuka:
- Nichia Corporation ndi kampani yochokera ku Japan. Amagulitsa phosphors a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kupanga mzere wa kuwala kwa laser kutulutsa diode.
- Samsung LED ndi wopanga waku South Korea wazinthu zomwe azitsogolera. Munda waukulu wa ntchito: kupanga ndi kugulitsa magawo opangidwa ndi safiro yochita kupanga. Kuchita kafukufuku ndi chitukuko.
- Osram Opto Semiconductors ndi kampani yaku Germany yopanga semiconductors. Zogulitsa zazikuluzikulu za kampaniyo ndi ma LED.
- LG Innotek - ikupanga zigawo za LED. Kutengera zomwe zimapangidwa ndi LG, ma sensor sensor ndi ma laser magetsi opangira ma laser amapangidwa.
- Seoul Semiconductor ndi kampani yaku Korea yomwe imagwira ntchito popanga zida zotsogolera. Zomwe zimapangidwira ndizopangira nyumba zopangira ma diode.
Makampani omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mwachangu zinthu zina zakunja.
Izi zikuphatikiza:
- LLC TD Focus, Fryazino, Moscow Region,
- MGK "Tauni Zounikira" Ryazan,
- "Wowunikira Zowunikira Mapulaneti" St. Petersburg.
Msika waku Russia ukungodutsa gawo la mapangidwe, chifukwa chake kukwera mtengo kwa zida zopangira ma LED kumachedwetsa kukula kwa ntchitoyi.
Pomaliza
Kupanga ma LED ku Russia kumangokhala pa gawo la mapangidwe ndi chitukuko; makampani omwe alipo akhoza kuwerengedwa pazala. Zambiri mwazinthu zopangira zimagulidwa kunja. Koma, zivute zitani, makampani aku Russia akupanga izi mwachangu ndipo posachedwa adzakhala oyenera kupikisana ndi opanga akunja.
Gawo loyamba. Ndemanga yoyembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali ya oimira Optogan
Vladislav Bugrov, Wachiwiri kwa Purezidenti wa Optogan *
Chifukwa chiyani nyali ya Optolux E27 imagwiritsa ntchito polycarbonate osati galasi? Ngakhale galasi ili lolemera kuposa ma 2,5-3 kuposa polycarbonate, zimatengera zinthu zambiri kuti lipange "babu" (limapangidwa ndi polycarbonate yayikulu) kuposa galasi loyatsira, motero kulemera kwathunthu Gawo ili la nyali ndilofanana. Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cha bulb yayikulu, komanso kufunika kwa pulatifomu yapadera pa "gluing" yake, kukula kwa radiator kwawonjezeka, komwe kumakhudzanso mtengo ndi kulemera kwa nyali.
Tinapanga choyatsira nyali yopangidwa ndi polycarbonate yozizira pazifukwa ziwiri: Choyamba, izi sizingasunthike, ndipo chachiwiri, zimakhala zotsika mtengo.
Ndipo kodi mungagule mtengo wotsika mtengo bwanji wagalasi ndi polycarbonate yomwe Optogan amagwiritsa?
Ife, monga wopanga wina aliyense, satiulula mtengo wa zopangidwa zathu, polycarbonate imatiwonongera pafupifupi 20% kuposa galasi. Ngakhale, mwachidziwikire, zonse zimatengera mawonekedwe ofunikira komanso mawonekedwe a onyenga. Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti galasi ili ndi mwayi munjira zina, makamaka, limatulutsa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, polycarbonate yozizira, yomwe imapereka kufalikira kumayunifolomu, imatenga pafupifupi 15%, pomwe galasi lozizira ndi mawonekedwe ofanana - 9-10%. M'malo mwake, mtsogololi tikukonzekera kugwiritsa ntchito galasi pazokongoletsa zina, ndi polycarbonate ina. Ngakhale kunali kofunikira kupanga bulb kuti isasunthike, chifukwa monga momwe zinachitikira, chinthu choyamba chomwe aliyense (kuphatikiza inu) adawona momwe chimamenyedwera.
Nyumba za ma module a LED opangidwa ndi Optogan OLP-X5050F6 * ndizofanana ndi Sveta LED (SVL03P1-FX-XX). Kodi milanduyi idagulidwa kwa opanga gulu lachitatu kapena ndikukula kwa Optogan?
Kuphatikiza pakupanga ma module a Chip-on-Board (Optogan adabweretsa m'badwo wachiwiri wa COB pa chiwonetsero chatsopano cha Interlight chomwe chatsilizidwa), kampani ya Optogan, monga yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nyali ya Optolux E27, imagulitsa ma LED, omwe amagula kwa omwe amapanga gulu lachitatu, chifukwa chake kupezana kungakhale. Osati ku Optogan ndi Svetlana okha, komanso kwa opanga ambiri padziko lapansi. Kusiyana kwa nkhaniyi ndikuti Chipi cha LED chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati momwe zimakhalira nthawi zonse, komanso ma silicones ndi ma phosphor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito (motere, Mr. Bugrov amatanthauza "gel" -kudzaza kutengera silicone ndi phosphor).
Ndibwerezanso kuti mu bulb ya Optolux, gwero lowunikira si bolodi lokhala ndi ma disc a Disset, koma gawo limodzi la LED. Mu gawo ili lomwe tinakhazikitsa, mulibe mlandu wa pulasitiki, ndipo gawo lotere ndi chitsanzo cha yankho lolumikizidwa lomwe tikulimbikitsa mwachangu pamsika.
Nyumba zodziwika bwino ndi ma LED kuchokera ku Optogan zisanachitike mu tepi *
Kodi kampaniyo ikukonzekera bwanji kuchepetsa mtengo wazomaliza ndi 2 times?
Zosavuta: kudzera muzochuluka pazachuma. Ngakhale izi sizokwanira nthawi zonse. Tsopano ndikulimbikitsa kulikonse (pagome lozungulira, pamafunso ambiri, pa Interlight yomwe ndidakuwuzani) - muyenera kupita ku mayankho osakanikirana. Gawo loyamba lomwe mudaliwona. Mukasakaniza mababu a opanga osiyanasiyana, ndiye kuti muunyinji muwona ma LED amodzi, komanso dalaivala payokha, wokhala ndi zigawo zamagetsi payokha. Ndipo zomwe aliyense anganene, koma zinafika kuti zofunikira zambiri za discrete zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo tinatenga gawo loyamba kupita ku yankho lolumikizidwa - tinapanga module yowunikira (COB).
Gawo lotsatira ndikuti tidzakhala woyendetsa bwino, kenako tidzayesa kuphatikiza ma module osiyanasiyana mu yankho limodzi. Izi zikufanana ndikusinthira ma microchips munthawi yake. Nthawi ina panali makompyuta omwe amakhala mzipinda zonse komanso nyumba. Kenako adapanga ma semiconductor tchipisi. Tsopano mtengo wama microcircuits umasiyana kuchokera kumazana amadola pa purosesa iliyonse mpaka magawo a madola pazankho zina zosavuta. Mu ukadaulo wowunikira adzakhala pafupifupi ofanana. Nayi malingaliro athu.
Mwina yankho la COB lokhala ndi LED imodzi yayikulu sikulungamitsidwa (mwachitsanzo, kutenthedwa kwa kutentha kukuwonongeka, zomwe zingapangitse "kuvala" msanga mwa gawo la LED)? Mwina zinali zoyenera kutenga njira ya atsogoleri a msika wapadziko lonse?
Chifukwa COB, i.e. yankho lolumikizidwa lithandiza kuchepetsa mtengo mtsogolo. Ponena za kuwonongeka kwa kutentha kwadzuwa - awa ndi mawu olakwika.
Kukana kwamphamvu kwa mafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano a 0.5 W mu phukusi la 5630 Rjs (mgwirizano-wogulitsa) kuli pafupifupi 40-60 K / W. LED iyi ikaikika ngakhale pa bolodi yazitsulo yokhala ndi mphamvu yaying'ono yamaukidwe (yozama ya K4 W / W), chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa zigawo zodutsa zomwe zimalekanitsa kulumikizana ndi maziko, kutsutsa kwathunthu kwa Rjb (jord-board) kudzakhala kuchuluka kwa bolodi LED, i.e. pafupifupi wofanana ndi kukana kwamafuta a LED (bwino kwambiri 7K / W, pamagwiritsidwe ena> 40K / W).
Mu gawo la COB, tchipisi chimabzalidwa mwachikhazikitso pazitsulo, zomwe zimaloleza Rjb (jord-board)
Choyamba, mndandanda wathunthu wazopezeka pa Habré:
KachiwiriKuphatikiza pa blog ya HabraHabr, zolemba ndi makanema zitha kuwerengedwa ndikuwonera pa Nanometer.ru, YouTube, ndi Dyantha.
Chachitatu, ngati inu, wowerenga wokondedwa, mwakonda nkhaniyo kapena mukufuna kusangalatsa zolemba zatsopano, ndiye pitirirani molingana ndi kuchuluka kotsatira: "Patani zomwe mukufuna"
Kutaya
Palibe mababu a incandescent kapena mababu a LED safuna njira zapadera. Mosiyana ndi luminescent. Phosphor ya nyali zamakono zamtundu wam'madzi zam'madzi zimaphatikizira ndi zebury: woopsa kwambiri, wovuta kubwezeretsanso zinthu. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi gawo losasangalatsa kwambiri: silichotsedwa m'thupi, limadziunjikira, ndipo patapita nthawi zotsatira zake zoyipa zimachulukana, mpaka mitundu yoopsa ya poizoni.
Palibe chifukwa kuti m'maiko ambiri otukuka malamulo akhazikitsidwa omwe amafunikira njira zapadera zochotsera magetsi.
Kupanga.
Chifukwa chake, ndizida za LED zomwe ndizowunikira kwambiri kwachilengedwe. Koma pali ntchentche mumafuta. LED yokha ili ndi chofunikira kwambiri pakusintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala kuwala. Koma simungathe kulumikiza mwachindunji ndi intaneti ya AC, muyenera chosinthira chapadera. Koma zigawo zake zimatulutsa kale kutentha kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira radiator yayikulu. Kupanga kwa aluminiyamu kumakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri (electrolysis) komanso kumasulidwa kwa zinthu zambiri zoyipa monga sulfuric acid ndi carbon monoxide.
Mapeto a asayansi ndi ophweka, ngati sichoncho: m'zaka zisanu zikubwerazi amalosera za ma CD ena owoneka bwino, motero, ma radiator ochezeka mwachilengedwe.
Kwa ine, ndikufuna kudziwa kuti kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a nyali za LED sikuti kumangochepetsa kuchuluka kwa dongosolo lozizira, komanso kuwonjezera luso la dongosolo lonse.