Zolemba zokha zokhudzana ndi agalu ziyenera kuyikidwa m'gululi. M'magulu oswana, Gulu: Gulu logulitsa agalu cholinga chake.

Gululi limangokhala ndi zolemba zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito ma tempuleti a khadi << Galuwe Wobzala >>, << Galuwe >>. Kuti nkhani yomwe ili ndi khadi lotere isagwere m'gulu lino (mwachitsanzo, nkhani yokhudza gulu la agalu), muyenera kudzaza gawo la Gulu mu template, kuwonetsa gulu lomwe likufunalo.

Agalu onse amasamba mndandanda umodzi

Mitundu ya agalu yakhala ikugulitsidwa kwazaka zambiri. Izi zikuchitikabe mpaka pano. Nyama zina sizikhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ngati agalu. Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa Chihuahua ndi Great Dane?

Pali matanthauzidwe osiyanasiyana amomwe amatchedwa "mtundu." Mitunduyi imagawidwa mogwirizana ndi cholinga chomwe mtunduwo udabedwira. Mitundu ya agalu olembetsedwa kwambiri ndi mitundu yachikhalidwe yomwe ili ndi mbiri yayitali kwambiri. Zomwe zimayambira galu zina zimagwirizanitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi mayiko awiri kapena atatu. Mitundu yonse yazikhalidwe za agalu imalembedwa pa FCI (International Cynological Federation), koma mitundu yatsopano ina ikadayamba kupanga.

Mwakugwira ntchito, mitundu yonse ya agalu imagawidwa m'magulu monga agalu ogwira ntchito, agalu am'banja (agalu), agalu agalu, agalu olondera, osaka agalu ometa. Agalu ogwira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito, mwachitsanzo, pochiritsa kapena apolisi. Agalu am'banja amaleredwa kuti azikakhala panyumba ndipo alibe zolinga zomveka. Agalu amphaka amagwira ntchito ndi ziweto. Agalu olondera ayenera kuteteza katundu. Amangodumphira m'mwamba akazindikira kuti wamunayo, motero amachenjeza mbuye wawo. Kusaka agalu kumathandizira eni ake pakusaka. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu ali ndi luso lapadera losaka. Agalu ogwidwa amapatsidwa katundu kuti azinyamula katundu m'magulu akutali.

Tiyeni tikambirane mwatsatanetsatane mtundu uliwonse wa mitundu ya agalu:

• Agalu olimbana ndi agalu omangidwa mwachilengedwe pawokha (nthawi zambiri amakhudza anthu) mwanjira yoti awononge mdani. Poyamba, zidagwiritsidwanso ntchito pomenya nkhondo ya agalu, koma kenako, mitunduyi italetsedwa padziko lonse lapansi, agaluwa adayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokha pofuna kuteteza komanso kuteteza.
• Hypoallergenic - Mitundu ya galu yomwe siyimayambitsa chifuwa, makamaka chifukwa cha zinthu zochepa zomwe zimakhumudwitsa mucous membrane. Koma kumbukirani kuti ziwengo ndizosiyana, ndipo ngati munthu, mwachitsanzo, ali ndi mphumu kupha tsitsi lanyama komanso fluff, ndiye kuti iye galu wokhazikika sangakhale ndi vuto. Kupatula apo, kuukira komweku kumachitika chifukwa cha chovalacho, ndipo zinthu zomwe khungu la galu limabisala zili chinthu chachiwiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi vuto linalake, ndibwino kufunsa wopeza musanagule mnzake wa miyendo inayi.
• Zokongoletsa - monga lamulo, awa ndi agalu ang'onoang'ono omwe ali ndi ntchito imodzi yokha - kukhala osangalatsa komanso abwenzi okongola kwa anthu. Zina mwazimbudzi zoterezi kale zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kusaka, koma masiku ano, kusaka nyama zazing'ono pogwiritsa ntchito agalu ang'onoang'ono ndizosowa kwambiri.
• Kwa ana - gululi limaphatikizapo agalu omwe ali okhudzana ndi ana ndipo amatha kukhala ngati nanny. Mwachitsanzo, okonda agalu onse amadziwa kuti mtundu wa Labrador Retriever ndi wabwino kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana aang'ono. M'malo mwake, ngakhale galu womenyera nkhondo amatha kukonda kwambiri ana, chitsanzo chabwino ndi pit ng'ombe terrier.
• Kuti mutetezedwe - nthawi zambiri, zimaphatikizapo agalu omwe mwachilengedwe amakhala odzipereka kwambiri komanso amakhalidwe abwino omenyera nkhondo. Agalu oterewa sangakhale oyenera kuteteza gawo lanyumba, koma pachitetezo kwa eni ake, alibe ofanana nawo pano. Zachidziwikire, ngati mukufuna kutenga galu wotere, ndibwino kuti mumuphunzitse koyenera kuchokera kwa mphunzitsi waluso.
• M'nyumba - makamaka, agaluwa amaphatikizapo mitundu yomwe, chifukwa cha zolimbitsa thupi ndi psyche yosinthika, ndizoyenera kusunga m'nyumba. M'malo mwake, ngakhale kuti nyama zambiri zimakhala zazing'ono kapena zazing'ono kukula, izi sizomwe zimapangitsa nthawi zonse kusankha zochita. Pali agalu akuluakulu omwe amayenda bwino mu nyumba wamba mumzinda. Ndipo, mmalo mwake, pali agalu aamuna apakati omwe amakonda kukhala mumsewu, chifukwa chake, ngati amakhala m'nyumba, amafunika kuyenda kwakutali.
• Kubowola - ngakhale kuti kuyenda m'mphepete mwa chipale chofewa ndi agalu kukukhala chinthu cham'mbuyo, nyama izi ndizodziwika kwambiri. Choyamba - chifukwa cha mawonekedwe owoneka bwino komanso luntha lakukonzekera. Mwina mtundu wodziwika bwino ndi husky ndi malamu.
• Kusaka - poyambilira, awa ndi agalu omwe ali ndi chibadwa chofuna kusaka, titero kunena kwake, mtundu wa kukumbukira kwa mafuko, komanso thupi linalake. Mwachitsanzo, mtundu wa Pointer mutha kubweretsedwera - agalu otetemera, otetemera, okhala ndi malingaliro abwino osaka. Mtundu wina wotchuka kwambiri ndi Greyhound, kapena Greyhound.
• Ma Sentinels - gululi limaphatikizapo nyama zomwe, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo amthupi komanso psyche, ndizabwino kuteteza malo achinsinsi. Nthawi zambiri, agalu awa ndi oyenda kwambiri, osawopa, ali ndi zazikulu zazikulu, olimba kwambiri ndipo amapatsa chidwi ndi alendo. Chitsanzo chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha galu woteteza ndi Mbusa wa Alabai, kapena kuti Central Asia Shepherd.

Sankhani galu molondola.

Monga mukumvetsetsa kale, mtundu uliwonse mwa nthawi imodzi ungakhale m'magulu angapo. Mwachitsanzo, galu womenyera akhoza kukhala woyenera nyumba, ndipo mitundu ina yokongoletsa ikhoza kukhala hypoallergenic.

Kusankha bwenzi la miyendo inayi kumatsatira mwanzeru, mutaganizira zabwino ndi zoipa zonse. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kufunikira osati zokhudzana ndi kutetezeka kwanu komanso chitetezo, komanso za momwe mungakhalire nyama zomwe zingakwanitse.

Osangokhala kuti moyo wanu wopitilira zaka 10 mpaka 10 mpaka 10 udzangodalira zomwe mwasankha, komanso moyo wa bwenzi lanu la miyendo inayi, thanzi lake komanso moyo wake. Chifukwa chake, simuyenera kupanga chisankho potsatira zilako kwakanthawi.

Ndi mtundu uti wa galu woti usankhe

Agalu ndi ziweto zotchuka kwambiri, nthawi zina amagawana kanjedza ndi amphaka. Komabe, mosiyana ndi amphaka achifumu, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala m'maganizo awo, amakhala okonzeka kukwera kumoto ndi kulowa m'madzi kumbuyo kwa mwini. Ndikosavuta kuwerengera zofunikira za nyama izi - zimagwira ntchito yolondera ndi kusaka, kukhala othandizira anthu olumala, kuthandizira kuti atseke masewera, kutengapo msipu kuteteza ziweto, kukoka magaleta okokedwa ndi mahatchi, kukhala anzanga odalirika komanso okhulupilika, okonzekera mtengo wa miyoyo yawo kuyimirira mwini. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti ndizogalu ndendende zomwe zimalemekezedwa pakati pa anthu - zimatchulidwa m'mabuku, zojambulidwa m'makanema, zosafa mchipilala kuzungulira dziko lapansi.

Lero zatha 400 agalu - ochepa kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, chihuahua, chidole chaku Russia, Pekingese, Yorkshire terrier, ndi zina) komanso zazikulu (Great Dane, St. Bernard, Chingerezi, Chisipanishi, mastiffs a ku Tibet), atsitsi losalala (Doberman, Greyhound, Dalmatia, American Staffordshire terrier) komanso chokongoletsedwa ndi ubweya wautali wamtali (Galata wa Malta, Shih Tzu, hound Afghan, Shapendua). Kwakukulu kusiyana pakati pa agalu osankhidwa ndi agalu (otchedwa mongrels) amakhala ndi kulowerera kwaumunthu mmaonekedwe ndi chitukuko chawo. Mitundu yambiri ya agalu idapangidwa ndi ntchito ya geneticists, obereketsa, omwe ntchito yawo idali yopanga kunja kwina, mikhalidwe. Chosiyana ndi ichi Mitundu yachikhalidwe, wopangidwa kalekale mchilengedwe ndi nyengo inayake (Samoyeds, agalu achibusa aku Central Asia, ndi ena otero angathe kuuzidwa). Mitundu ya agalu idapangidwa kuti itumikire munthu mdera linalake - kokasaka, pankhani zankhondo, pofuna kuteteza nyumba ndi malo ena. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito ya asayansi inali kubereka agalu okongoletsa m'nyumba, amangofuna kusangalatsa mbuye wake.

Mbiri yakuwonekera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu

Ngati titembenukira ku zinthu zakale, titha kuzindikira kholo lalikulu la mitundu yonse yamakono ya galu - nkhandwe. Maganizo a asayansi amasiyana pa nthawi yomwe nkhandwe imabisidwa, malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana, izi zinachitika zaka 15,000 mpaka 50,000 zapitazo. Zifukwa zomwe kukhomera zilombo kwa anthu sizikudziwika bwinobwino. Mtundu wina umati anthu osinthika adagwiritsa ntchito mimbulu posaka ndi zosowa zawo (nyama ya mimbulu yodyetsedwa idadyedwa, zovala zimasoka zikopa). Mtundu wina ndikuti nyama zakutchire zimafunafuna chakudya kuchokera kwa anthu akale. Atafooka ndikuthamangitsidwa m'gululo, anthu ena palokha adadziyanjanitsa komanso kukhala malo omwewo. Zotsalira za agalu zidapezeka pamakontinenti onse popanda kusiyanitsa, zithunzi zawo ndizosafa m'mazithunzi akale ndi zojambula, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutchuka kwakadalipo kwa nyama izi.

Chithunzi chosaka Boar ndi galu, chosema chakale cha ku Roma

Mitundu yakale kwambiri ya agalu Anapangidwa pa Dziko lapansi pa nthawi yomwe palibe amene akudziwa za kusankha. Awa ndi anthu payekhapayekha (achibadwa kapena akale), omwe DNA yawo ili pafupi kwambiri ndi abusa - Akita ndi Shiba Inu, Alaskan Malamutes, Siberian Husky, Sharpei ndi ena. Popita nthawi, kuwonjezera pa agalu amtundu, agalu ochokera kumafakitale adawonekera - akuwonda chifukwa chodutsa nyama zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Maziko a mapangidwe ambiri amtundu wa fakitale anali kubowoleza - kuwunjika kwa mitundu ina kwa anthu achilengedwe, komanso kuzindikira ndi kuchotsetsa zotsatira zake zosafunikira (chikhalidwe chamtopola kapena chamanyazi, mawonekedwe osayenera a thupi, kunja kosagwiritsa ntchito). Kuswana kwa agalu kunafika pachimake m'zaka za zana la 19 mpaka 20, pamene mitundu yambiri ya agalu idapangidwa ndikuvomerezedwa ndi mabungwe azachipembedzo.

Mitundu ya Mitundu Yobadwira Agalu

Malinga ndi malamulo a International Cynological Organisation, zoweta za agalu zitha kugawidwa motere:

Agalu olondera - ntchito yawo cholinga chake ndicho kuteteza zinthu za eni. Pozindikira zoopsa, agalu olondera amachenjeza mwini wakeyo ndi khungwa lofuula, nthawi yomweyo nkuthawa omwe angadzayime. Komabe, kuukiridwa kwa mdani yemwe sangakhalepo sikuphatikizidwa mu ntchito za nyama zotere (uwu ndi kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu ndi agalu olondera). Nthawi zambiri, ziweto zazikulu kwambiri zimabweretsedwa ngati alonda, zomwe zimatha kuwopsa pakusokoneza zabwino za munthu wina ndi mtundu umodzi. Gululi limaphatikizapo abusa aku Germany ndi aku Caucasus, alonda aku Moscow, Rottweilers.

Agalu olondera - mwayi wawo - kuwukira mwakachetechete ndi mosayembekezeka kwa mlendo yemwe amabwera ndi zolinga zoyipa m'gawo la mwini. Mosiyana ndi alonda omwe amalira kwambiri ngati zingachitike ngozi, agalu olondera amakhala chete. Polamulidwa ndi mwini wake, galuyo amakakamizidwa kusiya "nyama", osagwirizana ndi nkhondo yamagazi. Agalu otetezedwa - Dobermans, Staffordshire terriers, Cane Corso, agalu ambiri abusa amathanso kuphunzitsidwa bwino kusamalira katundu wa mwini.

Agalu osaka - gululi limaphatikizapo gundogs (Hungary vyzhl, setters, Weimar gundogs), greyhound (Russian canine greyhound, Hortaya, Afghan hound ndi ena), hound (Russian piebald, Estonia, English-Russian hound), retriever (Labrador, Golden, Curly Retriever), Spaniels (American and English Cocker Spaniels, Sussex and Welsh Springer Spaniels), Dachshunds, Terriers (Yagd Terrier, Fox Terrier, Jack Russell Terrier ndi Mitundu ina), Spitz ndi Huskies - ndi a gulu limodzi (ma Ywat huskies odziwika, agalu a Karelian chimbalangondo, Finse spitz, etc. ena).

Agalu abusa - opangidwa kuti azithandiza pafamupo. Ntchito yawo ndikuweta ng'ombe, kuteteza ng'ombe zodalirika kwa adani, kuthamangitsa anthu osavomerezeka kunyumba kwa mwini wake. Agalu ambiri abusa am'mizinda amakhala m'timagulu pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha magwiridwe awo amanjenje, kukhazikika kwawo komanso kukhulupirika kwawo, komanso otsogola komanso olondera (monga mwachitsanzo, m'busa waku Germany). Agalu amphaka - Collie, Moody, Kroatia, Chipwitikizi, Mbusa waku Roma.

Agalu akunyumba - nyamazo zimakhala ndi zocheperako, ndizochenjera mokwanira komanso zopanda mphamvu kuchita ntchito iliyonse kupatula kusangalatsa ndi kutsagana ndi eni. Agaluwa amaphatikizapo mitundu: Chibalo chachi Japan, chidole cha spaniel, chidutswa cha ku China.

Agalu anzako - nyama izi ndi anzawo a anthu okhala m'mizinda. Amatha kukhala osati mu nyumba, komanso misewu yamagalimoto. Komabe, onse othandizirana amafunika kulankhulana kwanthawi yayitali ndi mwiniwake, masewera, kuyenda. Mitundu ya agalu yotere imakhala yosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe abwino, osayipa, omvera. Agalu anzako amatha kuwerengedwa ngati matumba, ma pug, ma beagles, ngakhale mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi maphunziro oyenera imatha kukhala abwenzi enieni amakono.

Zoyenera kusankha posankha mwana

Asanakhale ndi mwana, mwana wam'tsogoloyo ayenera kudziwa bwino mtundu womwe akufuna komanso cholinga chokhazikitsa galu. Ndikofunika kuti muphunzire mawonekedwe a miyala, kuti musalowe m'mavuto. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kudzera mu kuyesetsa kwa asayansi mu mitundu ina, ntchito yayikulu, kuchitira nkhondo, mwachitsanzo, kwa nyama, kukhala tcheru ndi kusakhulupirika kwa munthu, poyambirira idayikidwa. Mitundu ina ya agalu, inayo, imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe awo ofewa komanso okondwa, kuthekera kwawo pakugwirizana ndi anthu komanso nyama. Chifukwa chake, mwiniwakeyo ayenera choyamba kutsogozedwa ndi zosowa zake ndi mawonekedwe a galu wamtsogolo, osati mawonekedwe a nyamayo. Chifukwa chake, musanagule galu muyenera:

Musangoganizira za mtundu, komanso miyeso ya pet. Malo ang'onoang'ono okhalamo sakanalola kuti agalu a mitundu ikuluikulu (mastiffs, agalu, ndi zina) asungidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ambiri okhala ndi miyendo inayi ngati mpweya amafunikira magalimoto, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pokhapokha ngati akukhala pagulu la nyumba zapadera kapena zamayiko okhala ndi mipanda yolimba.

Kuti mumvetsetse ngati nkotheka kusamalira galu wambiri okhetsa kapena wa tsitsi lalitali. Ngati galuyo ali ndi nthawi yochepa, ndiye kuti sizingatheke kuyambitsa chinyama chomwe chimafuna chisamaliro cha tsiku ndi tsiku - ziweto zonse ndi nyumba yonse yophimbidwa ndi chovala chaubweya chimawoneka chosavomerezeka.

Dziwani zaka za nyama - ana agalu nthawi zambiri amagulidwa azaka ziwiri zokha. Potere, mutha kupanga mawonekedwe a galu wa kufuna kwanu, pomwe anthu akuluakulu, choyambirira, ndizovuta kwambiri kupirira njira yosinthira nyumba zatsopano, ndipo chachiwiri, adzakhala ndi zizolowezi zopangidwa ndi munthu wakunja (obereketsa).

Sankhani jenda galu. Nthawi zambiri mabatani amakhala abwino komanso odekha kuposa amphongo. Amuna amakhala otakataka, osaleredwa moyenera, amatha kuyambitsa ndewu ndi nyama zina - kunyumba komanso poyenda.

Dziwani komwe ndendende kugula kwa ana agalu - mumsika wa mbalame, kudzera pa intaneti, mu malo ogulitsa ana. Mitengo ya agalu kuchokera pakhomalo ikuwoneka kuti ndi yayikulu, koma ndi pomwe mungagule nyama yathanzi komanso yopanda katemera, yobadwa kwa agalu opanda majini.

Musanagule ana agalu, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi thanzi - yang'anani mkhalidwe wamano, maso, makutu, zolimbitsa m'mimba, maondo, onani chovalacho, onetsetsani kufunsa wogulitsa (makamaka nyama ikagulidwa pamsika) yokhudza makolo a galu, chikhalidwe chake, zakudya.

Chilichonse chomwe mwana wa agalu amasankhidwa, mwininyumbayo ayenera kudziwa bwino udindo wake: (kuphatikiza masewera, maphunziro ndi maphunziro), pama mayeso a pafupipafupi ochitidwa ndi veterinarian, pokonzekera malo agalu (omvera kunyumba pakona yabata ndi yamtendere, panja panjira yokhala ndi malo otetezedwa), m'njira zake - galu nthawi zonse koma kumafuna nthawi, zingakhale wosamvera, ndipo ngakhale kuchita mwano mwini, kukhala wosamvera poyamba. Komabe, momwe mwiniwake angakhalire wokhazikika, osagwirizana ndi galuyo kapena kumukalipira.