The pseudotrophaeus Demasoni, dzina lasayansi Pseudotropheus demasoni, ndi a banja la Cichlidae. Mtundu watsopano mu aquarium, unangopezeka kuyambira 1994. Koma munthawi imeneyi zidatchuka pakati pa osonkhetsa ma cichlids aku Malawi ndi akatswiri. Simalimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene oyenda pansi chifukwa chakugwirizana ndi nsomba zina.

Habitat

End End to Lake Malawi (dzina lina la Nyasa) ku East Africa, ikutsuka nthawi yomweyo mayiko atatu a Malawi, Mozambique ndi Tanzania. Amakhala pafupi ndi gombe la Tanzania kudera lotchedwa Pombo Rocks. Imachitika m'madzi osaya ndipo pafupifupi m'madzi otseguka.

Zambiri:

Mawonekedwe ndi malo a demasoni

Mu chilengedwe demasoni khalani m'madzi a Nyanja ya Malawi. Madera amiyala yamadzi osaya pafupi ndi gombe la Tanzania ndi okongola kwambiri kwa nsomba. Amadyetsa onse algae ndi ang'onoang'ono invertebrates.

Pazakudya nsomba za demasoni ma buluku, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, plankton, crustaceans ndi nymphs zimapezeka. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu sikupitirira masentimita 10 mpaka 11. Chifukwa chake, demasoni imawerengedwa ngati ma cichlids ocheperako.

Maonekedwe a nsomba ya demasoni samatha, amafanana ndi torpedo. Thupi lonse limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopukutira. Mitundu ya mikwingwiroyi imakhala yosiyana ndi mtundu wabuluu mpaka wamtambo. Pamutu pa nsombayi pali mikwingwirima isanu.

Mikwingwirima iwiri yakuda ili pakati pa zowala zitatu. Chochititsa chidwi demasoni macichlids nsagwada ya m'munsi ndi yamtambo. Kumbuyo kwa zipsepse, kupatula caudal, kumakhala kunyezimira kozungulira kuti uteteze ku nsomba zina.

Monga ma cichlids onse, ma demasoni ali ndi kutsegulira kwammphuno kamodzi m'malo awiri. Kuphatikiza pa mano wamba, demasoni imakhalanso ndi pharyngeal. Ofufuza a pamphuno sagwira ntchito bwino, chifukwa chake nsomba zimayenera kutunga madzi kudzera potsegula mphuno ndikuisunga m'mphuno kwa nthawi yayitali.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza demasoni

Demasoni iyenera kusungidwa m'malo am'madzi okhala ndi miyala. Aliyense amafunikira malo ake, chifukwa chake aquarium iyenera kukhala yoyenera kukula. Ngati kukula kwa aquarium kulola, ndibwino kukhazikitsa anthu osachepera 12.

Ndiowopsa kukhala ndi amuna amodzi pagulu lotere. Demasoni amakonda kuchita zankhanza, zomwe zitha kulamulidwa mothandizidwa ndi gulu komanso kupezeka kwa olimbana nawo. Kupanda kutero, chiwerengerochi chikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi wamwamuna m'modzi wamkulu.

Chisamaliro cha Demasoni ndimaona kuti ndizovuta. Kuchuluka kwa nsomba zam'madzi mu chiwerengero cha nsomba 12 ziyenera kukhala pamtunda wa malita 350 - 400. Kuyenda kwamadzi kulibe mphamvu. Nsomba zimakonda kwambiri madzi, choncho sabata iliyonse ndikofunikira kuyika gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a theka la voliyumu yonse.

Kusunga kuchuluka kwa pH kofunikira kumatheka ndi mchenga ndi miyala yamathanthwe. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, madzi amadzaza nthawi ndi nthawi, chifukwa chake ena am'madzi amalimbikitsa kusunga pH posachedwa. Demasoni, Komano, amatha kuzolowera kusinthasintha pang'ono kwa pH.

Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala kosiyanasiyana madigiri 25-27. Demasoni amakonda kukhala m'misasa, choncho ndibwino kuyika zida zokwanira pansi. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimawonedwa ngati zopatsa chidwi, koma ndizoyenera kupereka demasoni ndi zakudya zamasamba.

Izi zitha kuchitika ndikuwonjezera ulusi wazomera ku ma cichlids muzakudya za nthawi zonse. Muyenera kudyetsa nsomba zambiri, koma m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Chakudya chochuluka chimatha kusokoneza madzi, ndipo nsomba siziyenera kudyetsedwa.

Mitundu ya Demasoni

Demasoni palimodzi ndi mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zina za banja la cichlid amtundu wa Mbuna. Mitundu yapafupi kwambiri kukula kwake ndi utoto wake ndi Yellowfin Pseudoproteus. Kuyatsa chithunzi demasoni ndi ma cocicids achikasu komanso zovuta kudziwa.

Nthawi zambiri nsomba zamtunduwu zimaberekana ndikupanga ana omwe ali ndi machitidwe osakanikirana. Demasoni amathanso kusokonezedwa ndi mitundu ya ma cichlids monga: Pseudoproteus zeze, Tsinotilahiya zeze, Metriaklima estere, Labidochromis kaer ndi Maylandia kalinos.

Kuberekanso komanso chiyembekezo cha demasoni

Ngakhale ndizovuta zake, demasoni idawonekera mu aquarium bwino. Nsomba zimamera pomwe pali anthu osachepera 12. Mkazi wokhwima mwakugonana adzasungunuka ndi kutalika kwa thupi la 2-3 cm.

Kupita kumodzi demasoni chikazi amayikira mazira 20. Kukwiyidwa kwamphamvu kwa nsomba kumawakakamiza kunyamula mazira pakamwa pawo. Kuchulukitsa kumachitika m'njira yachilendo kwambiri.

Kutuluka kwa male anal kumapangidwa kuti kubereka. Akazi amatenga kufalikira kumeneku kwa caviar, ndikuyika pakamwa pawo, pomwe pali kale caviar. Demasoni wamwamuna Amatulutsa mkaka ndi kaphala wina wothira umuna. Munthawi yochulukitsa, kupsinjika kwa amuna kumachulukirachulukira.

Milandu ya kufa kwa amuna ofooka chifukwa chomenyedwa ndi akuluakulu nthawi zambiri. Pofuna kupewa zochitika ngati izi, ndikofunikira kuyikiratu pansi. Pakutulutsa, amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wosiyana pang'ono. Mikwingwirima yawo ndi mikwingwirima yozungulira imakhala yowala kwambiri.

Kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium kuyenera kukhala osachepera 27 degrees. Kuyambira mazira, masiku 7-8 pambuyo poyambira kutulutsa, kuwaswa achinyamata demasoni. Mu zakudya zazinyama zazing'ono pali tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ngati ma blake ndi nauplii wa brine shrimp.

Kuyambira masabata oyamba, mwachangu, ngati nsomba zazikulu, amayamba kukhala ankhanza. Kutenga kwa mwachangu mikangano ndi nsomba zachikulire kumatha ndikudya koyamba, kotero mwachangu demasoni uyenera kusamutsidwira ku aquarium ina. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, moyo wa demasoni umatha kufika zaka 10.

Mtengo ndi kuyanjana ndi nsomba zina

Demasoni, chifukwa chamwano, amavutika kuti agwirizane ndi oimira amtundu wawo. Ndi oimira amitundu yina ya nsomba, zinthu zafika poipa kwambiri. Makamaka chifukwa muli ndi demasoni vomerezani m'malo osiyanasiyana okhala ndi anthu ena, kapena ndi ena oimira banja la cichlid.

Mukamasankha kampani ya demasoni, mawonekedwe ena a physiology yawo ayenera kukumbukiridwa. Osakhala ndi demasoni okhala ndi ma cichlid acarnivor. Ngati nyama ilowa m'madzi nthawi yayitali, imayambitsa matenda, pomwe demasoni imakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Ndikofunikanso kuganizira za mtundu wa ma cichlids. Oyimira amtundu wa Pseudoproteus ndi Cyanotilachia azeze ali ndi mtundu wofanana ndi wofanana ndi Mbund. Kufanana kwakunja kwa nsomba zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kumabweretsa zisokonezo ndi mavuto odziwa mitundu ya ana.

Kutalika kokwanira kuyenderana demasoni ndi ma cichlides achikasu, kapena wopanda mikwingwirima. Ena mwa iwo ndi: Metriaclima Estere, Labidochromes Caer ndi Maylandia Kalinos. Gulani demasoni ikhoza kukhala yamtengo wapatali kuchokera ku 400 mpaka 600 rubles chilichonse.

Feature

Pseudotrophyus demasoni ndimagulu acichlids komanso dongosolo la Perciform. Wokhala m'madzimo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba amtundu komanso kutalika pafupifupi masentimita 7. Mutu wa chiwetocho ndi wowoneka bwino. M'miyezi iwiri yoyambirira ya moyo, kudziwa kugonana kwa nsomba ndizovuta. Kusiyana pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi kumatha kuonekera pa msinkhu wokhwima pang'ono, wamwamuna nthawi zambiri amakhala wamkulu kuposa wamkazi. Komanso, amuna amakhala ndi dorsal fin.

Mtundu wa thupi umakhala ndi mizere isanu ndi umodzi ya buluu, yakuda, yamtambo, yomwe imasinthana ndi mizere isanu yowala. Mphumi ya pseudotrophyus ndi yotakata, pali mikwingwirima 3 yakuda pa iyo. Pa zipsepse za dorsal ndi caudal pamakhala mawonekedwe amtambo wamtambo wabuluu wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ngakhale kukula kwake pang'ono, ziwanda ndi zolengedwa zamtopola kwambiri. Amakhala m'matumba momwe amuna amodzi amalamulira. Amenya nsomba zina ndikuvulaza.

Ma cichlid amasambira pafupi ndi miyala, amakonda kukhala m'mapanga. Chidwi cha nsombazi chimawalimbikitsa kuphunzira chilichonse chozungulira. Pseudotrophyus amasambira munjira yoyambirira, yomwe ili pansi, m'mphepete mwa msewu, akuyenda m'madzi. Moyo wa demasoni uli pafupifupi zaka 10.

Nsomba za Demasoni aquarium zimatengedwa kuti ndi zokomera, choncho ndi bwino kuti musayiyambitse eni eni a nsomba za novice. Mwachilengedwe, cholengedwachi chimadyera makamaka mwala, nthawi zina zooplankton, mphutsi, ndi mapira. Mukamasungidwa mu aquarium, zakudya zawo zizikhala zofanana ndi zachilengedwe momwe zingathere. Njira yabwino ikakhala kugula kwa chakudya chotsirizidwa. Nthawi ndi nthawi iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndikuwonjezera algae, scalded madzi otentha masamba, dandelion kapena saladi.

Kudyetsa nyama kuyenera kupanga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a chakudya chonse. Ndikofunika daphnia ndi cyclops kuchiza nsomba. Shrimp ndi ma cellmags sayenera kudyetsedwa pseudotrophyus, popeza chakudya ndichipamwamba kwambiri. Ngati nsomba sizili bwino, ndiye kuti atha kudwala. Pazifukwa izi, sayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chochuluka cha nyama.

Matenda a anthu okhala m'madzimo ndi zotsatira za kuperewera kwa zakudya, kuyeretsa kwanyanjayi mosapeneka, kusowa kwa fayilo, komanso kulephera kutsatira boma lokhala ndi ziweto zatsopano. Ngati fungus ikachitika, demasoni iyenera kuthandizidwa ndikuyikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana ndi madzi, kenako ndikupanga kusamba ndi manganese kapena saline mpaka zizindikirazo zitatha. Mwini wake ayenera kusankha aquarium yomwe ingakhale yoyenera kwambiri izi.

Pokhala ndi zazimuna 1 zazimuna ndi zinayi, thanki yokhala ndi malita osachepera 150 ikhale yokwanira. Ngati pali amuna angapo, ndiye kuti mupewe kuchita zankhanza ndikofunikira kuti mupeze aquarium kangapo, ndiko kuti, malita 400.

Musaiwale za malo okwanira pobisalira demasoni, ikhoza kukhala miyala, grottoes.

Oyimira dziko lapansi lamadzi ndizabwino zokongoletsa mu aquarium. Komanso ndikuyenera kusamalira kukhalapo kwa zomera zachilengedwe. Pokhazikika, ndikofunikira kusunga ukhondo wa m'madzi, chifukwa chaichi mutha kugwiritsa ntchito fyuluta. Sinthani madzi osachepera kamodzi pa sabata, ndikusintha pafupifupi kotala la madzi, kutengera kuchuluka kwa anthu akasinja.

Chizindikiro choyenera kwambiri cha kutentha chimaganiziridwa kuti chimachokera kutentha 24 mpaka 28 madigiri. Kuuma kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa pamlingo wa 10-18, kuti izitha kuyikonza, ma crumbs, coronite sand, marble angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mu chilengedwe, nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala m'madzi opanda, omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri zotsata. Zamoyo izi ndizosazindikira kuwala, chifukwa chake zimatha kukhala pansi pa kuwala kapena kwachilengedwe.

Kumbukirani kuti ma ray amayenera kubalalika, apo ayi madziwo azitha.

Kuswana

M'machitidwe azachilengedwe, kubadwanso kwa demasoni pseudotrophyus kumachitika modutsa, pomwe chiwerengero cha oimira mmenemo chiyenera kukhala ngati zidutswa 12. Kubereka mazira kumachitika mkamwa mwa mkazi. Nthawi yobereka mwa azimayi imayamba akakhala a 25 mamilimita kutalika. Komabe, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti kuchuluka kwa mwachangu pankhaniyi kudzakhala kochepa. Malinga ndi zomwe akatswiri akudziwa, mwamunayo amamutsata wamkazi mpaka atadzipereka kwa iye.

Pakusintha, amuna otchuka amakhala mwamwano kwambiri, mpaka amatha kumenya wotsutsana naye pang'ono mpaka kufa. Monga oimira ena a mbun, "amuna" pseudotrophaeus amasintha mtundu wawo. Mwiniwakeyo ayenera kuyika malo mu malo osungirako malo osungirako osayimira pakati achimuna. Munthawi yakutulutsa kamodzi, wamkazi amatha kuikira mazira 15 mpaka 25, omwe nthawi yomweyo amatumiza kukamwa kwake ndikuwanyamula mosamala kwambiri.

Patatha masiku 7 kumapeto kwa kufalikira, mwachangu kuyamba kubadwa. Komabe, izi zimachitika pokhapokha kutentha kwa demasoni kukhalebe - 27 digiri Celsius. Pambuyo masiku 14, mutha kuwona momwe mwachangu amasambira paokha pamadzi. Pakadali pano, amadya artemia nauplii ndi masamba ochepa. Atsikana achichepere amakhala mwamwano, amatenga nawo mbali pachiwonetsero.

Zofunika! Nthawi zina pamachitika zinthu zomwe nzika zazikulu za m'madzi zimadya ana. Kusunga ana, ndikofunikira kuponyera demasoni yatsopano mu thanki ina.

Kugwirizana ndi nsomba zina

Popeza pseudotrophyus demasoni ndi a zolengedwa zankhanza, ndibwino osazikhazikitsa ndi nsomba zina zam'madzi. M'malo mwake, oimira awa akhoza kugwirizananso ndi ma cichlids ena a Mbuni, bola ngati malo am'madzi ndi miyala. Demasoni amafunikira malo, chifukwa, kupitilira kukula kwake, pafupifupi 1 centimeter, yamphongo imayendetsa nsomba zokulirapo kuchokera kumadera awo.

Ndikoletsedwa kukhala ndi ma pseudotrophuses ndi zolengedwa zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yofanana yamtundu mu thanki yomweyo. Osati oyandikana nawo abwino a demasoni akuphatikiza Cynotilapia afra, Pseudotropheus lombardoi, komanso anangumi ena a minke omwe ali ndi thupi lachikaso lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ndi oyimilira amtunduwu, Labidochromis caeruleus, Metriaclima estherae ndi Maylandia callainos akhoza kusungidwa limodzi. Mwakachetechete, demasoni amawona oyandikana nawo omwe matupi awo alibe mikwingiri, mwachitsanzo, kumayendedwe amanjenje, mbidzi zofiira.

Malinga ndi malingaliro a akatswiri, kusunga zosachepera khumi ndi ziwiri zamadzi mumtengo umodzi wamadzi.

Demasoni ndi cichlid wocheperako yemwe amakhala ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso osangalatsa. Ngakhale zovuta zovuta pakulima sizikuyenera kuchitika, komabe ndibwino kuganizira zotsatirazi:

• nsomba izi zimakonda kuzindikira kwa madzi komanso kutentha kozungulira, chifukwa chake ziyenera kusungidwa bwino.
• Kusintha kwa madzi sikuyenera kuchitika nthawi yopitilira 1 pa sabata, popeza chiweto chidzafunika kuzolowera zinthu zatsopano,
• Vutoli limatha kukhalanso pachibwenzi ndi anansi, popeza nsomba izi zimakhala zaukali komanso nkhanza kwa abale.

Mutha kudziwa zambiri za momwe Pseudotropheus Demasoni amadziwitsira (Pseudotropheus Demasoni).

Kufotokozera

Pseudotrophyus demasoni ndi wa gulu la cicholic Mbuna, banja la ma cichlids. Chifukwa chakuchepa kwawo, amatchedwa ma cichlids. Mitundu yofananira ya Mbun ndi Utaki:

Mboons amasiyana pa labidochromis, melanochromis ndi pseudotrophaeus.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Mwachilengedwe, zimadya algae yomwe imamera pamiyala, ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tambiri timene timakhala. Pazinyumba zakunyumba, chakudya chopatsa mbewu chimayenera kudyetsedwa ndi mapuloteni ochepa. Njira yabwino ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zapadera za ma cichlids aku Malawi.

Kukula kolimbikitsidwa kwam'madzi ndi pafupifupi malita 200. Amagwiritsa ntchito miyala yamchenga, miyala yayikulu ndi zidutswa zazimiyala, pomwe zimayambira ndimiyala. Monga pobisalira, amaloledwa kuyika zinthu zokongoletsera zomwe zimaloleza kuti nsomba zibisike, komanso miphika wamba yodula, machubu obisika, etc.
Mukasunga Pseudotrophaeus Demasoni, ndikofunikira kuti mupereke zizindikiro zoyenera za hydrochemical ndi madzi ambiri. Zotsirizirazi zimatheka mwa kukhazikitsa dongosolo losefera madzi komanso kuyeretsa pafupipafupi kwamadzi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikusinthanso kwa gawo lamadzi sabata lililonse (15-20% ya voliyumu) ​​ndi madzi atsopano.

Mawonekedwe

Pseudotrophyus demasoni ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi thupi ngati mtundu wa torpedo wamtali, wotalika mpaka masentimita 9. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mizere isanu ndi umodzi yamtambo (yamtambo, yakuda, yamtambo), yosinthana ndi yowala isanu. Pa mphumi pabedi pali milozo zitatu zakuda. Mphepo zam'mbuyo ndi mchira zimakonzedwa ndi chingwe cha buluu ndipo zimakhala ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala yakuda. Amangotsegula mphuno imodzi. Woimira wamba akuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi pansipa:

Pseudotrophyus demasoni ndi amodzi mwa mitundu 12 ya acichloic Mbuna. Mitundu yonse yofananira idachokera ku nyanja imodzi ku Africa:

• Labidochromis. Utoto wamitundu yowala, nthawi zina popanda mikwingwirima, kukula kwake kumafikira 10 cm.

• Melanochromis. Nsomba za banja la a Mbuna zimasiyanitsidwa ndi thupi lalitali komanso mikwingwirima yowala motsatira thupi: kuyambira kumutu mpaka mchira.

• Pseudotrophyus Zebra. Imakhala ndi mtundu wowala wachikaso (wofiira, lalanje) wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Imafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 14. Malipiro apamwamba amaoneka amtundu, nthawi zambiri amakhala lalanje.

• Pseudotrophyus elongatus. Imakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wonyezimira wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yaimtambo yamtambo, mchira ndi kutha kwa dorsal fin ndi chikasu chowala.

• Pseudotrophaeus pindani. Utoto ndi wabuluu, wowonekera bwino, mikwingwirima imakhalapo pokhapokha pamapala.

• Chinangwa pseudotrophy. Ali ndi utoto wofiirira, wopepuka wokhala ndi zipsepse zowonekera.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Malo obadwira a Pseudotrophaeus demasoni ndi nyanja ya ku Africa ya Malawi, amadziwika ndi madzi oyera okhala ndi acidity yochepa. Nsomba zimakhala pafupi ndi miyala, sizimapezeka kawirikawiri. M'malo achilengedwe limadya algae.

Zovuta pazomwe zili

Chovuta chimakhala muukali wa anthu ena komanso zovuta zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mitundu ina. Ndikofunikira kuyeretsa bwino gawolo kuti lisalowe m'malo ozungulira madzi am'madzi. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimakonda madzi, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana magawo a kusakhazikika komanso acidity, osachepetsa kutentha. Sinthani madzi mu aquarium makamaka m'malo, m'malo 20% yamadzi sabata iliyonse. Osatinso, popeza demasoni siliyenererana ndikumangidwa kumene.

Dothi. Demasoni amakonda miyala yamiyala, yoyenera: miyala, mchenga wowuma, miyala. Ndikofunika kupatsa nsombayo malo okhala: nyumba zadongo zosiyanasiyana ndi m'mapanga.

Zomera. Demasoni amadya mwala, zomera zimatha kuvutika. Sankhani zomera ndi mizu yolimba. Kuyeretsa kowonjezera kwamadzi, fern yamadzi imalimbikitsa.

Magawo amadzi. Kutentha kwamadzi sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa madigiri 22, ndikukwera pamwamba 26. Kuzizira kuchokera pa 7.5-8.5 pH, kuuma kuyambira madigiri 10 mpaka 19. Nsomba zimazindikira kusintha kwa magawo; poika madzi, chilichonse chikuyenera kuwongoleredwa.

Kukula kwa aquarium. Pa nsomba zingapo za anthu 12, malo okhala pamadzi ayenera kukhala okwanira malita 400. Demasoni amakonda malo, m'malo opanikizika amatha kumenya nkhondo, kugonjetsa gawo.

Kuwala Osalemekeza kuwala. Zowunikira zonse zachilengedwe komanso zopanga ndizoyenera. Chachikulu ndikuti magetsi amdzu amwazike, ndipo nyali zamagetsi zilibe mphamvu zambiri. Kupanda kutero, madziwo atentha.

Kukula ndi kusefera. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimafuna kusefedwa bwino, chifukwa ma demasoni amatha kuzindikira kuwonongeka ndi kusintha kwa acidity.

Khalidwe mu aquarium. Kuti mukhale malo ochezeka, gawani gawo la aquarium ndi miyala ndi magawo, kuti nsomba iliyonse ikhale ndi ngodya yakey yake. Ngati pakabuka mikangano ilipobe, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tichite chipongwe mu aquarium.

Kudyetsa

Nsomba za Pseudotrophaeus demasoni ndizosadzicepetsa ndipo zimadya zakudya zamtundu uliwonse. Kuti mukukula mwachangu komanso thanzi labwino, gawo lalikulu la chakudyacho liyenera kukhala chakudya chamzomera. Kamodzi pakangotha ​​miyezi ingapo, njira zowonjezera zowonjezera mphamvu zitha kuperekedwa. Zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku zitha kugulidwa ndi zakudya zachilengedwe za masamba (masamba, zipatso, zitsamba, oatmeal grated). The mwachangu amadya zonse monga makolo awo, mwa mawonekedwe ophwanyika okha, ndioyenera: nauplii, ma flakes ang'ono ndi ma cyclops.

Matenda

Ndi chakudya cholakwika (ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chanyama komanso kusowa kwamasamba) nsomba kudwala matenda. Ndikokwanira kusintha zakudya momwe zakudya zimasinthidwira ndipo demasoni ibwerera kwawo. Matenda onse a nsomba za aquarium amatuluka kokha kuchokera zolakwika posamalira: kuyeretsa kwanyengo, kupatula chakudya, kusowa kusefera, kunyalanyaza malo okhala okhala. Zonsezi zimabweretsa matenda opatsirana komanso fungus. Fungus ikachitika, nsomba imayenera kuyikika mu thanki ina ndikuisamba ndi yankho la mchere kapena potaziyamu permanganate iyenera kuchitika mpaka zizindikirizo zitatha. Pambuyo matenda aliwonse, kupatsirana mokwanira kwa aquarium ndikulimbikitsidwa: dothi, zosefera, zokongoletsera, zomera. Anthu enanso amakhalanso m'malo abwino oponyamo ziwiya zina.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi

Kuyambira pobadwa mpaka miyezi ingapo ya nsomba zamtundu umodzi ndizosatheka kusiyanitsa. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu yokha mwa abambo amayamba kutalika anal ndi dorsal fin. Wamphongo akuwonetsedwa pachithunzichi, anal fin amatchulidwa, mutha kuwona mfundo zomwe zazikazi zimatenga mazira.

Chotuluka

Kutha kumabwera pafupi miyezi itatu. Alfa amawonekera pagulu lonse la amuna, omwe amakhala okwiya kwambiri kwa amuna anzawo ndipo, ngati sakusamalidwa bwino, amatha kuvulaza anzawo. Akatumbuka, mbalameyi imayika mazira (6-14) mkamwa mwake. Wamphongo amatulutsa nguluwe ndi chisonyezo, chomwe mkaziyo amatengera mwana wa ng'ombe ndikuchiyika mkamwa mwake. Mkaka wamphongo umatayidwa kunja ndipo mazira amaphatikiza umuna. Ana amabadwa pakatha sabata limodzi ndikuyamba kusambira kwaulere awiri.

Zoona: Wamphongo wogwira amayamba kuthamangitsa wamkazi mpaka atadzipereka.

Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana

Maonekedwe okhumudwitsa komanso malo. Izi makamaka zikutanthauza amuna. Demasoni imatha kuthira nsomba ngakhale zazikulu kwambiri. Njira ziwiri zakumwa zimawonedwa kuti ndizovomerezeka. Loyamba ndi pamene wamwamuna m'modzi amakhala ndi akazi achikazi angapo. Amuna ena sayenera kuphatikizidwa, apo ayi zolimba ndizosapeweka. Njira yachiwiri, m'malo mwake, imaphatikizapo malo okhala pansi pamadzi pomwe Mbuna zina za mtundu wina ziyenera kusungidwa. Poterepa, ukali wa mwamphongo wa alpha udzabalalitsidwa.