Zovala za nyimbo za phwiti, ndi zaryanki, ndi, popanda kukokomeza, chizindikiro cha kasupe waku Russia. Atakhala pamitengo ya phulusa laphiri, mbalame yaying'ono yokhala ndi imvi yokhala ndi mimba yamoto kwakhala kukulimbikitsa ojambula, olemba ndakatulo ndi olemba kuti apange ntchito zawo. Kuchokera munkhaniyi muphunzira za maloboti omwe amakhala, moyo wawo wamtundu wanji, komanso zambiri zosangalatsa za mbalame yapaderayi.
Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa phwiti
Robin ndi wa banja la passerines. Imeneyi ndi mbalame yocheperako kukula kwamtundu wa thupi sizidutsa 18 magalamu, ndipo kutalika kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 15-16 cm basi.
Ming'oma imasiyana pakamwa komanso mtundu. Akazi amalemera pang'ono ndipo amakhala ndi zowonda pang'ono zazimuna. Ndi zaka, mtundu wa nthenga zakumapeto umadzala. Zonona m'khosi ndi khosi la mbalame zokhwima zimatenga mawonekedwe owoneka ofiira.
Chiyembekezo cha moyo zaryanka osapitilira zaka 4. Gawo la chifukwa cha izi ndi kusatetezeka kwake kuthengo.
Chisamaliro chapadera chimayenera kukhala ndi mawu olankhula a loboti. Amamveka m'mawa kwambiri dzuwa likalowa. Zojambula zokhala ndi thukuta zimagawidwa munthawi yakukhwima, pomwe amuna amafuna kuitana anzawo kuti adzabereka ana. Zaryanka amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zoyimba kwambiri padziko lapansi.
Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe
Zaryanka ndi mbalame yosamukira. Amafika kunyumba kuchokera kumayiko ofunda kwambiri. Nthawi zina, chipale chofewa chimakhalabe m'dera lathu nthawi imeneyi, ndipo milungu ingapo imakhalabe masamba oyamba asanatuluke. Koma ngakhale panthawiyi, matumba a robin adamveka kale, omwe akufanizira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi kutentha koyamba.
Khalidwe la a Robin ndiwochezeka. Komabe, anthu amakhalira moyo wobisika ndipo sakonda kuweta ziweto. Koma za mbalame zina, phwitiwo amakhala nawo limodzi movutikira kwambiri. Nthawi zina amakumana ndi zovuta zikafika pobvuta gawo lake.
Kukhetsa kumachitika mu mbalameyi nthawi yakupsa. Kukula kwachichepere kumadziwika ndi maula akuda ndi mikwaso yakuda. M'mimba ofiira ofiira komanso kumbuyo kwake kumapangika kale atakula.
Mapangidwe a ana mu loboti
Amadziwika kuti amuna amapezeka m'malo osungidwa masiku ochepa kale kuposa akazi. Atafika, omaliza amapitiliza kumanga chisa. Malo oyenera kupezekera ndi malo okhala ndi zibowo ndi mabowo mumitengo, komanso zoyambira zitsamba ndi mizu yayikulu ya mitengo. Nthambi zouma, masamba a udzu ndi nthambi zimakhala ngati zomangira.
Dongosolo limodzi limaphatikizapo mazira 7 okhala ndi mtundu wachikasu. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga masiku 14. Onsewa amatembenukirana. Nthochi zimabadwa popanda nthenga. Makolo amasamalira ana ndikudyetsa ana kwa milungu iwiri yotsatira. Zinyama zazing'ono zomwe zikuwuluka mchisa zimakhala pafupi ndi mayiyo kwa masiku ena 6-7.
Robin amadziwika ndi chibadwa champhamvu cha amayi. M'chaka cha zokolola, amatenga mabwana awiri. Nthawi zambiri, chachikazi chimatulutsa nkhaka zoponyera chisa chake.
Kukhala ndi moyo
Mtundu womwe mbalame imakhalamo ndi yotakata. Kuphatikiza pa kuti imapezeka m'mitunda yathu, kuphatikizapo taiga, mbalame imakhala ku Old World ndipo ngakhale ku Africa.
Madera abwino kwa iye ndi nkhalango, nkhokwe za alder ndi hazel, komanso mizinda. Kusamukira kunkhalangoyi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mitengo chifukwa cha kugwa kwakukulu. Pafupifupi ndi munthu, loboti amasankha madera amapaki, mabwalo ndi madera ena kumene kuli chakudya. Koma nkhalangoyi nthenga zimapewe nkhalango za paini.
- nsikidzi
- matcheni
- nyongolotsi
- tizilombo tokhala pansi pa makungwa a mitengo ndi mphutsi zake,
- phala
- zipatso
- mbewu.
Pazifukwa izi, nthawi zambiri zaryanki flutter pafupi ndi minda, minda yakhitchini, masamba ndi minda.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za phwiti
Zaryanka ndi cholengedwa chosamalitsa. Kuphatikiza pa kuti amatha kulera ndi kudyetsa anapiye a anthu ena, ali ndi chidwi ndi abale ake akuluakulu. Akaona mbalame yovulala, amathamangira kukam'patsa chakudya.
A Robin amamuyang'anira nkhalango. Kudyetsa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kumachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwawo, komwe kumateteza m'nkhalango zowola kuti tizilombo tosokoneza.
Tsoka ilo, chifukwa cha kukula kwawo komanso kunyentchera, mbalamezi zimakonda kukhala zodyedwa mosavuta. Chodabwitsanso china cha phwiti ndi kulephera kuuluka mwachangu.
Choopsa kwa nyama zazing'ono ndichakuti ana okulirapo amayendayenda mozungulira maudzu ndipo pafupifupi sauluka.
Kupenyetsetsa kwa a Robin
Ornithologists, asayansi achilengedwe komanso anthu wamba ali ndi chidwi makamaka ndi ma robins. Zawonedwa kuchokera pakuwona kuti phwiti akuwonekera panthambi yomwe ili m'mundamo mphindi zochepa munthu atafika pamenepo. Amadikirira moleza mtima kuti wolandayo azitenga kena kake pansi panthaka komwe kangamupatse chakudya.
Nthawi zambiri mbalame imayenda molunjika pansi. Mitundu yonse ya nsikidzi, mphutsi, mbewu ndi mphutsi zimamuyembekezera iye.
Ndiosavuta kuphunzitsa mbalame kudyetsa. Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimapanga thupi, zimakhala zosavuta kwa iye kuti azilamba chakudya kuchokera kwa iye. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kudyetsa anzanuwo, kuwaza chakudya pansi.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti zaryanka ndiye maziko a chisa sichimangosankha mtengo kapena chodumphira. Chisankho chabwino kwa iye ndi mbale kapena poto wachikale, womwe iye amakonzekera.
Zaryanka mchikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chilengedwe
Mbalame zokhala ndi mabere ofiira zakhala chizindikiro cha Khrisimasi ku Great Britain. Chifukwa chake, amawonetsedwa kawiri kawiri pamakhadi a Khrisimasi ndi Khrisimasi. Kuphatikiza apo, a Briteni adadzitcha mbalamezo ngati postman. Zonse chifukwa cha bere lofiira, lomwe limafanana ndi mawonekedwe a amuna otumiza makalata aku Britain.
Adani komanso mwa munthu wamwamuna akuwopsezedwanso ndi mazira ang'ono. M'mayiko ena ku Europe, anthu amawombera mbalame kuti azilawa nyama.
Masankhidwe achilengedwe ndiopanda tanthauzo la ma robins. Ambiri mwa mbalame amafa mchaka choyamba cha moyo wawo. Zimakhala chakudya cha zilombo kapena zimafa chifukwa chosowa chakudya. Akuluakulu, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi amamwalira mosemphana ndi mbalame zina m'malo mwake.
Ngati mwaphunzira zina zosangalatsa kuchokera munkhaniyi, siyani ndemanga ndikugawana zambiri ndi anzanu pamasamba ochezera.
Maonekedwe a Robin
Kukula kwa thupi la loboti kumafikira masentimita 12-16, pomwe mbalame izi zimalemera kuposa magalamu 16-22. Mapikowo amayambira 20 mpaka 22 cm.
Robin ndi mbalame yokhala ndi mawu omveka.
Mlomo ndi maso a lobotiyo ndi zakuda. Amuna ndi akazi ali ndi zofananira zambiri, koma amuna ndi owala. Mtundu wa khungu ndi wonyezimira ndimtende wa azitona. Mimba ndi yoyera. Chifuwa, mmero ndi kutsogolo kwa mutu kumakhala ndi maonekedwe ofiira owopsa. Pa chifuwa ndi m'mbali mwa khosi, mtundu wake ndi imvi. Ziwawa ndi zofiirira. Mwa nyama zazing'ono, matupi abakuwa ndi oyera amapezekanso mitundu. Pansi, mbalamezi zimayenda mumadumpha.
Khalidwe la Robin komanso zakudya
Mbalame izi zimagwira ntchito masana. Koma amapezeka usiku wopendekera kapena pafupi ndi kuwala kwa usiku. Zaryanka saopa konse anthu. Nthawi zambiri amabwera pafupi ndi anthu kukumba dothi ndikuyang'ana nyama.
Zaryanka ali ndi maula osangalatsa - akuwoneka kuti akuvala apuroni wofiira.
Amuna akuwonetsa kukangana kwambiri wina ndi mnzake, izi ndichifukwa choti amateteza gawo lawo mwachangu. Nkhondo zazikulu zimabuka pakati pa amuna, zomwe zimatha kupha mmodzi wa otsutsa. Pomenya nkhondo ngati izi, mpaka amuna 10% amamwalira.
Mverani mawu a robin
Robins amayimba makamaka madzulo, ndipo nthawi zina usiku. Mu nyengo yakukhwima, amuna amayimba. M'nyengo yozizira, amuna ndi akazi onse amachita mawu achimbudzi.
Zaryanka amakhala zaka pafupifupi 12.
Mbalame zimadyera ma mollusks, nyongolotsi, kafadala, akangaude, mphero. Amapeza chakudya padziko lapansi. Zakudyazo zimakhala ndi zakudya zam'mera: njere, zipatso, zosakaniza zomwe anthu amadyetsa mbalame. Mwa zipatso, rasipiberi amakonda kwambiri mzere, elderberry, currant ndi mabulosi akutchire.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Amuna ndi oyamba kuwuluka kupita kumalo osungira chisa, amasankha malo oyenera omwe amawateteza ku zosokoneza za opikisana nawo. Pambuyo pake akazi amafika pamalopo ndikuyamba kumanga zisa. Amamanga zisa pansi, pakati pa tchire kapena pachitsa. Masamba owuma, moss, udzu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomangira chisa. Kutalika kwa chisa kumafika masentimita 5, ndipo m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 7.
Robin ndi mbalame yopatsa chidwi.
Mu clutch pali mazira 5 mpaka 7. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatha milungu iwiri. Akazi okha ndi amene amagwira mbadwo watsopano. Amphaka oswedwa alibe zodetsa, matupi awo amaphimbidwa ndi khungu lakuda. Nkhukuzi sizichoka pachisa kwa masiku 15. Kenako amayimirira mapiko, koma kwa masiku 10 sauluka kuchokera kwa makolo awo.
Mu nyengo, wamkazi amakwanitsa kuchita masonry 2-3. Chiwerengero chaimfa pakati pa anapiye a robin ndiwokwera kwambiri. Chovuta kwambiri ndi chaka choyamba cha moyo, ngati mbalame imakhala, ndiye kuti ikhoza kukhala ndi zaka 12. Kutalika kwa moyo wa phwiti ndi zaka 2, koma uku mukuganizira kuchuluka kwa anapiye.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.