Kutentha kwabwino kwa nsomba izi kukhala kotetezeka kuchokera ku madigiri 20 mpaka 25.

Aquarium imadzaza ndi madzi apampopi okhazikika. Madzi abwino ampopi sakhala oyenera chifukwa cha zinthu zina za chlorine zomwe zimatha atakhazikika m'masiku ochepa. Amadzimadzi amadzimadzi nthawi ndi nthawi amasinthidwa ndikudzazidwa ndi mpweya pogwiritsa ntchito aerator.

Zofunikira zadothi

Dothi lautoto lakuda limayikidwa pansi pa aquarium ndi barbs. Mbiri yotereyi imawonetsera bwino mitundu yowala ya nsomba, zomwe ndizosiyana ndi mtundu uliwonse. Sipayenera kukhala zomera zochulukirapo m'madzi: kwa kampani yopanga ma bar ndi ma nimble malo ndiofunika. Sikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokhala ndi utoto wamankhwala, ndibwino kutenga masoka (miyala, basalt, miyala) kuchokera kukula mpaka 3 mm. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta dothi tisakhale ndi m'mphepete lakuthwa kuti nsomba zisavulazidwe. Pakona ya aquarium mutha kukonza ngodya ya algae - m'malo ano, nthawi zina nsomba zimakonda kubisala.

Zomwe mungadyetse barbus

Matumba samasamala pankhani ya chakudya, nyamazo zimatha kudziwika kuti ndi zamagetsi molimba mtima. Makina awo angaphatikizidwe ndi Daphnia, ma Cyclops, opanga zitoliro, ndi maewu amwazi. Zotsirizazo zimaperekedwa ngakhale mu mawonekedwe achisanu. Pakudyetsa nsomba, zosakaniza ndi daphnia zouma zimakonzedwa, ndipo zakudya zamagetsi za fakitale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma barabino amakonda kudya zomerazo ndipo ngati chakudya chomera sichikwanira iwo, ndiye kuti amayamba kudya msipu wa aquarium.

Kuphatikizana kwa barbe ndi nsomba zina

Izi nsomba sizingaganizidwe ngati bingu wamadzimadzi, komabe, kubuka kwakanthawi kochepa komabe kumachitika mu gulu lachi bar komanso mu ubale pakati pa barbus ndi oyandikana nawo amitundu ina. Muyenera kukhala okonzekera zakuti mikangano pakati pa zolengedwa izi nthawi zina imakulitsidwa kwambiri kotero kuti nsomba zimayamba kuwononga wina ndi mnzake! Mchira wophimba, maguwa, ma cockerel, ma scale ndi ma telesikopu kuli bwino kukhala kutali ndi barbus munyengo yoyipa, apo ayi ataya michira yawo yophimba ndi zipsepse.

Musayembekezere chilichonse chabwino kuchokera kumadera oyandikana ndi mababu amtopola komanso ma lalause amisala. Inde, ndipo zakuthambo zakuzunza zababas si banja, chifukwa nsombazo zikufuna kuyesa mphamvu zawo.

Zachidziwikire, mababu sangakane kukhala eni ake eniokha komanso osakwanira m'madzi, koma ngati mukufuna kupanga mitundu ingapo ya nsomba munkhokwe imodzi kamodzi, World of Soviets imalimbikitsa kuti azisoka ma pecilia, ma parrots kapena mollies ku barbs. Nsomba zokhala ndi chikhalidwe chofananacho mwina zidzagwirizana.

Mitundu ya barbus (puntius) ndi imodzi mwazinyama zomwe zimakonda kwambiri nsomba zam'madzi. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti oimira ake sakhala opanda chiyembekezo, ali ndi mtundu wowala komanso wosiyana siyana, ndiwothandiza kwambiri komanso ndi mafoni. Kusadzikuza kumakopa chidwi cha oyambira m'madzi oyamba.

Mawonekedwe a aquarium amasankhidwa poganizira kuti barbs ndi nsomba zomwe zimathamanga kwambiri komanso zimathamanga. Ma Aquariums ama barbs nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mawonekedwe, odutsa, kotero kuti nsomba zouma zimakhala ndi malo opindulitsa. Dothi lomwe limapezeka m'malo oterewa nthawi zambiri limakhala lamdima, ndipo kuwalako kumawala. Kusiyanaku kumatsimikizira bwino mtundu wa ma bar. Zomera zoyandama zimapanga malo owonjezerapo kuti nsomba "iziyenda".

Njira ziwiri zofunikira kulimidwa ndi kukonza mababu ndizosefera mwamphamvu komanso kutulutsa madzi. Komanso ma barbs, muyenera kugula pampu. Pampu ndiyofunikira kuti ipange kuyerekezera kwa kutuluka. Mtsinje wapansi pamtunda ndi mtundu wa "zoseweretsa" zamabatani, nsomba zimakonda kusewera mumipu yopangidwa ndi zida zowonjezera.

Mu aquarium, barbs imakhala m'mgulu la ziweto (5-7 ma PC). Adzakusangalatsani ndi chisamaliro chabwino zaka 3-4. Pakusangalatsidwa kwawo komanso kusilira, ma barbs nthawi zina amakhala oseketsa.Amakonda kwambiri zibulu zamtundu wamtundu wokhala ndi michira yofiyira.

Nthawi yomwe makonde amakonda kupitilira ndikutsamira pazotchinga ndikuluma zipsepse zawo. Zipsepse zotupa zimakhumudwitsa barb: amatenga malo ambiri mumadzi ochepa madzi. Ndizotheka kuti mabatani okongoletsedwa modzichepetsa mwachilengedwe amasilira pang'ono abale awo. Ma barem amtunduwu sakusintha mu chilichonse, kuphatikizapo chakudya: ndizabwino. Ndi kuperewera kwa chakudya, ma barbs amasangalala ndikukhazikitsanso masamba a zomera zamadzimadzi.

Mavuto a chimbudzi

Barbs nthawi zambiri amadwala kwambiri kudya - amatha kudya zambiri momwe mumaperekera. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zomwe sizikudziwa chakudya, zimayamba kunenepa ndipo zimafa. Asayansi apeza kuti pakuwonekera kwa nsomba yayikulu, ndizokwanira kudya kuchuluka kwamtunduwu, zomwe ndi 2-3% ya kulemera kwake. Kamodzi pa sabata, "tsiku lokweza katundu" limakonzedwa kuti anthu am'madzi, ndiye kuti, samadyetsedwa konse.

Matenda a Ectoparasitic

Mabakiteriya amayankha mwachangu zinthu zakupha zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tizilombo tosavuta tosiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, matenda obisika. Mu matendawa, bicillin-5 ufa umagwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe umasungunuka m'madzi a aquarium muyezo wa magawo 500,000 pa malita 10 a madzi. Njira ya chithandizo ndi masiku 6. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito biomycin. Zochizira za 1.3 - 1.5 g ya mankhwalawa imasungunuka mu madzi a 100 tsiku lililonse kwa masiku 6 mpaka 7 kwa mwezi umodzi.

Gill zowola

Gill rot imawonedwa ngati matenda opatsirana kwambiri a barbs. Matendawa amakhudza ziwiya zamatumbo ndi mitsempha, zimapangitsa kuti zivunde ndikuwonongeka. Nsomba yodwala imakana chakudya ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala pamwamba pa nyanja, nthawi zina imangopita pansi. Kumayambiriro komwe matendawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito, rivanol ndi griseofulvin amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mankhwala amachepetsa m'malo am'madzi mwa aquarium malinga ndi malangizo.

Maonekedwe a nsomba ndi mitundu

Kukula kwakukulu kwa mabatani akuluakulu ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 6-7. Thupi lasiliva lalikulupi pang'ono lokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Wamphongo amadziwika ndi malire ofiira owala m'mphepete mwa dorsal, caudal ndi anal fin.

Pang'onopang'ono wowoneka bwino, komanso ofiira (nthawi zina mtundu wotere ungakhale wopanda kwathunthu), zipsepse zazikazi ndizopaka utoto. Kuphatikiza apo, barbus yachikazi imakhala yayikulu kwambiri kuposa yamphongo.

Ngati tikunena za kusankha, zidalola am'madzi kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba. Mwachitsanzo, mu barbus yosinthika yomwe imapezeka motere, mtundu wa ambiri thupi umakhala wobiriwira wa emerald.

Mukapita ku malo ogulitsa nyama ndi misika m'mizinda ya Russia, mutha kupeza mitundu ya barbus zotsatirazi:

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Pansi pazachilengedwe, mtundu wa barbs umakhala m'mphepete mwa matupi amadzi ku China, Africa ndi (makamaka) Southeast Asia. Kutchire, kupatula, oyimira a genus Barbus amakhala m'matumba, komanso zazikulu mosazolowereka. Ichthyologists amakhulupirira kuti ndizosavuta kuti azitha kupeza chakudya chawo ndikudziteteza kwa adani achilengedwe. Kaya ndi zowona kapena ayi ndizovuta kunena, Komabe, njira yamtunduwu imalola kuti anthu a barbus agwiritse dzanja ndi anthu ambiri.

Kanema: Barbus

Ponena za madzi - mababu amakonda akale, amasinthidwa ndi tingachipeze powerenga 1/3. Kusintha kwa kayendetsedwe ka madzi kutentha kumakhala mkati mwa 20 - 26C. Zoyenera, khalani olimba 23-26 gr. Pali mitundu ingapo ya barba, yosiyana muzolemba zawo za morphometric (mtundu, kukula, mawonekedwe a fin), komanso mawonekedwe.

Ndi chiyani - ali ndi malo osiyanasiyana! Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amadzi am'madzi ndi ichthyologists (nsomba izi ndi zabwino pazoyesa zamitundu yonse).

Tiyenera kuthana ndi omwe akuimira a genus a barbs:

• sumatran barbus,
• moto wa barbecue
• chitumbuwa
• barbus mutant,
• Baron Denisoni,
• barbus wakuda,
• msuzi wofiyira,
• shark barbus,
• barbus ndi wobiriwira,
• mzere wa barbus,
• chotupa

Pansipa tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane oimira akulu amtundu wa barbs, omwe alandila kwambiri komanso kutchuka. Kuyang'ana mtsogolo, ndikofunika kunena mawu ochepa okhudza mitundu ya mitundu yambirimbiri.

Baris ya Denisoni ithandiza kugwetsa masitayelo okhudzana ndi tinsomba tating'onoting'ono - ichi si "chozungulira" chaching'ono ngati ma barbar onse, koma nsomba yaing'onoting'ono yokhala ndi thupi lalitali komanso lalitali lophimbidwa ndi sikelo zasiliva. Inde, zizindikiro zapamwamba za barbus zimatsalirabe - mikwingwirima, koma mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, sizimangopita kunyoza, koma palimodzi ndi thupi, kulowera kuchokera kumapeto kwa chakumapeto mpaka kumapeto.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Chithunzi: Kodi barbus imawoneka bwanji?

Mawu oti "barbus" atchulidwa m'maganizo a anthu (pokhapokha, atakhala asayansi), chithunzi cha nsomba yamamba chikuthengo. Uwu ndi barbus wa Sumatran, wokhala m'madzi amitundu yonse. Thupi la nsomba ili lalifupi, lalitali komanso loponderezedwa pang'ono mbali.

Ngati muphatikiza zomwe timaganizirazo, titha kunena kuti mawonekedwe a thupi la Sumatran barbus amafanana kwambiri ndi mawonekedwe a crucian carp. Koma kukula kwake ndi kosiyana - mwachilengedwe, "olanda mikwingwirima" samakula kuposa 15 cm, ndipo mu ukapolo kukula kwawo sikupitirira masentimita 8. Inde, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi osiyana kwambiri - ofanana kwambiri ndi mtundu wachikasu crucian carp alibe mikwingwirima.

"Khadi loyitanitsa" la barbus ya Sumatran ndi zingwe zake zakuda zinayi zomwe zimadutsa thupi la nsomba kulowera mbali ina. Mikwingwirima yozama imawoneka mchira pawokha - mbali inayo, mbali inayo, mikwingwirima imadutsa pamaso. Pamapeto pa kumaliza kwa dorsal pali mzere wofiyira wa ofiira.

Mbidzi yodziwika bwino yamoto ili ndi thupi lozungulirapo, lomwe limakhala lokwera, koma nthawi yomweyo limasunthidwa mbali. Kwa utoto wa nsomba iyi, Amayi Zachilengedwe adagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yowala, yokopa komanso yowoneka bwino. Chochititsa chidwi ndi mitunduyi ndi kupezeka kwa malo amdima omwe ali pakati pa bwalo wagolide.

Malowa ali kutsogolo kwa mchira. Masikelo kumbuyo kwa barbus yamoto amakhala ndi mtundu wa azitona wobiriwira, koma mbali ndi m'mimba zimakhala ndi ofiira owoneka bwino (ichi chinali chifukwa cha dzinali). Mosiyana ndi nsomba yam'madzi yotchedwa Sumatran, "yoyambira ndi yopanda pake," nsomba iyi imawonetsa mwamtendere ndipo imakhala bwino ndi nsomba zonse ngakhale m'malo ochezera. Ndikofunika kulumikizana ndi abale awo - abulu a barbs amatsogolera moyo wopanda mpumulo.

Pokhapokha ngati mikangano yophimba ndi chophimba ingabuke - atawona "mawonekedwe" awo odabwitsa, ngakhale munthu wodekhayo azikumbukira komwe adachokera. Zotsatira zake, michira yapamwamba ndi zipsepse zidzawonongeka popanda chiyembekezo. Kupatula kokha ndi nsomba zagolide. Zida zawo sizigwira, ngakhale atakhala mumtulu - akuwopa. Kapena ulemu - palibe amene adaphunzira chilankhulo cha nsomba.

Kodi barbus amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: nsomba za barus

Pankhani ya barbus ya Sumatran, nkhaniyi sioyenera - ndikosavuta kuzindikira kuti dzina loti "chilolezo" chachikulu cha nsombazi ndi chisumbu cha Sumatra ndi madera oyandikana ndi Southeast Asia. Kukhazikika kwachilengedwe kwa barbaara wamoto ndimadziwe amadzi oyenda kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India.

Chofunikira chachikulu chomwe nsomba zowala ndi zokondweretsa izi zimapanga ndikuperewera kwa madziwo - zipika zosadzaza zimadzaza nyanja kapena dziwe lokhala ndi madzi osayenda. Mitsinje yofooka ndiyabwino.

Chochititsa chidwi: Monga momwe zidalili, nsomba iyi, kuphatikiza am'madzi am'madzi, imalemekezedwa kwambiri ndi ichthyologists. Ali ndi mndandanda wabwino womwe ungapangitse kuyesera kwa oyimira gulu la nsomba zamafupa.

Dziko lakwawo la barbus la Cherry limawonedwa kuti ndi Southeast Asia (makamaka, chilumba cha Sri Lanka).Nsombazo zimakhala (makamaka, monga abale ake onse) m'magulu amadzi oyenda osayenda. Chitsimikizo china pakuyenera kwa posungira ndi nthaka yakuda, yopanda kanthu.

Ku Europe, barbus woyamba adafika mu 1936, ku USSR mu 1959. Monga Sumatran, chotchinga chofiyira ndimakhala pafupipafupi m'mizinda yamamadzi. Palinso mtundu wa albino wa barbus wamatcheri, koma anthu awa amawoneka ngati masinthidwe ndipo safunidwa ndi asitikali am'madzi. Ogulitsa ena amagulitsa kwa obwera kumene pamtengo wokwera kwambiri - motsogozedwa ndi "nsomba zachilendo zam'malo otentha." Ndipo apa malonda amagwira!

Baris ya ku Denisoni yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa idapezedwa ndi wofufuza, yemwe dzina lake adalibe, m'madzi a Mtsinje wa Manimala (pafupi ndi mzinda wa Mundakayam, Kerala, kumwera kwa India). Mtunduwu ndiwodabwitsa chifukwa umapezeka ku mayiko aku India a Kerala ndi Karnataka. Anthu ang'onoang'ono amatha kupezeka mumtsinje wa Valapatanam, Chalia ndi Kupam.

Komabe, malo okhala pafupifupi onse oimira mtundu wa barus ndi aquarium! Malo abwino ogwiritsira ntchito kanyumba kalikonse kanyumba kanyumba kamayenera kukhala ndi chopindika, chamtali (komanso ayi) - izi ndizofunikira kuti nsomba za frisky zikhale ndi mwayi "wopititsa patsogolo." Kukhalapo kwa mbewu zoyandama, kuwunikira kowala, kusefedwa kwamphamvu ndi kukonzekereratu ndizofunikira kuti pakhale bwino kuswana ndi kukonza mababu.

About barb

Mabakiteriya ndi nsomba zamchere zatsopano zomwe zimapezeka kuthengo ku Africa ndi Southeast Asia. Pali mitundu yoposa masauzande iwiri yopanga zikhalidwe. Mitundu ya barbus ndi ya banja la Karpov.

Mitundu yonse ya barba imakonda kukhala m'mgulu la anthu osachepera 6. Mukasunga barbom patokha, ndiye kuti amakwiya. Monga oyandikana, ndibwino kusankha nsomba zantchito zofanana.

Makabati amatha kudumphira mu aquarium. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kukhala ndi chivundikiro. Ndikwabwino kusankha chidebe chokulirapo chautali kuti musangalale bwino ndi masewera akunja a ziweto. Mitundu ina imakonda kuthamanga madzi, imayenera kukonzekera kuyenda kochita kupanga.

Kodi barbus amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Chithunzi chachikazi

Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimadya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, nsikidzi, mphutsi, mphutsi, ndipo sizipeputsa zakudya za mbewu. Ma bar okhala mu aquarium amathandizidwa ndi chakudya chokhazikika chomwe chimapezeka mu nsomba zonse za m'madzi - mawwongo ndi ma daphnia.

Kanthawi kakang'ono, nsomba yaying'ono imaponyera mbewa yamagazi yoponyedwa mumadzi mwamphamvu mwadyera (ngakhale barbus ili ndi njala kapena ayi). Nthawi yomweyo, atameza ma nyongolotsi angapo, amasambira kutali ndi chakudya chotumizidwa ku aquarium ndipo samayandikira.

Izi zimachitiranso umboni kuti nsomba izi sizikupirira chakudya, zimakondwera kudya zonse zabwino komanso zouma. Ma bar a Adult Sumatran amafunikira michere yowonjezera yazakudya, ngakhale iwo eni amakumana ndi kusaka kwake podula masamba a aquarium.

Amadya chakudya m'khola lamadzi, koma ngati kuli kotheka amapeza chakudya kuchokera pansi komanso pansi. Ngakhale amasunthika komanso moyo wokangalika, barbs imakonda kunenepa kwambiri. Kutsiliza - kwa akulu ndikofunikira kukonza tsiku limodzi. Kamodzi pa sabata, osati kangapo.

Ndipo mfundo ina yofunika kwambiri yomwe iyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha barbus ya oyandikana nawo mu aquarium. Mu vivo, barbus ndiyo imapha mazira ambiri ndi nsomba zina ndi achule. Komanso, wakubedwayo wamisala sanyoza mbadwa zilizonse, kupatula, zowonadi, za mtundu wake.

Mababu abwino amapezanso bwino zomangamanga ndipo amasangalala ndi kusanja caviar okhala ndi michere yambiri yothandiza. Komanso, atakhala akapolo, ma barba amakhalabe ndi chikhalidwe choyipachi - amawononga mazira a nsomba ina iliyonse, ndipo amatha kuyika moyo wawo pachiwopsezo.

Eya, barbusyo sangayime pambali mpaka dzira limodzi lithete kapena mwachangu mmodzi akhale wamoyo! Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kusodza nsomba mu malo am'madzi, musakhazikitse pamodzi ndi ma barb mulimonse - azidzadya ana, chitsimikizo cha 100%. Ndipo musakodwete nyama zazing'ono kwa iye - adzalangidwanso.

Sumatran kapena Tiger

Achibale amtundu wamtunduwu amakhala ku Indonesia, pachilumba cha Sumatra. Mitundu yozikidwiratu imakhala ndi utoto wambiri kuposa abale amtchire. Makala ali ndi golide. Pali mikwingwirima yakuda yakuda pathupi. Zipsepsezo ndi zakuda, koma pali kofiyira kapena kolowera lalanje m'mbali. Wachikulire wafika masentimita asanu ndi limodzi.

Ma barat a Sumatran ndi nsomba zam'manja komanso zosangalatsa, zapakatikati. Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri ku Russia. Ngakhale chilengedwe chovuta, chomwe chimakhala chovuta kwambiri pakakhala zovuta kapena pamene pagulu palibe. Chisokonezo chayekha chidzakhala chigawenga chenicheni mkati mwa aquarium. Chosungiramo nthawi yayitali ndioyenera. Kudyetsa kumayenera kukhala kawiri kapena katatu patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira, komanso kuzindikira. Ndikofunika kusunga gulu la anthu asanu ndi mmodzi.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Red Barbus

Kutalika kwa moyo wa barbs ndi zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi mu nyengo zachilengedwe, ndi zaka 3-4 mu ukapolo (malinga ndi nsomba zonse zofunikira kuti zikhale mu aquarium). Kutalika kwa moyo kwa barba onse kuli kofanana. Amakhala zaka pafupifupi zisanu.

Chochititsa chidwiNtchito yomwe barba amakonda kupitiramo ndikutsamira kumbuyo kwa zotchinga ndi chinsalu ndikuluma zidutswa za zipsepse zawo. Amachita izi chifukwa zipsepse zomwe zimabisala zimayambitsa mkwiyo, zimatenga malo ochuluka m'madzi ochepa. Ndizotheka kuti amayi okongoletsedwa modabwitsa oterewa amakhala ndi nsanje yakuda chifukwa cha abale awo osayenerera.

Matumba osasunthika, osanyalanyaza adzapulumuka ngakhale pakati pa anthu osaphunzira kwambiri am'madzi - pakhoza kukhala fyuluta yamadzi ndi oyatsira. Ndizo zonse, palibe chomwe chikufunika - koma pankhani ya chakudya, nsomba izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopanda pake, zidzadya zonse zomwe zimapatsa. Ndipo osadyetsa - ma barba osangalatsa azithandizidwa ndi masamba azomera za aquarium. Zikavuta kwambiri, nsomba zina zimakhala chakudya - ngakhale khunyu sangathe kukaniza gulu la ma bar.

Chidwi chosawoneka bwino chimawonetsedwa ndi barbs pokhudzana ndi ma guppies - nsomba zoyenda pang'onopang'ono ndi michira yokongola, yosinthika imayambitsa kuukira kosagwirizana ndi ma barbs (makamaka Sumatran). Ndi nsomba izi, sizimagwirizana konse.

Mutant

Kwa nthawi yayitali, mtunduwu unkawonedwa ngati ukwati, koma tsopano nsomba izi ndizodziwika kwambiri. Amadziwikanso kuti mossy barbs.

Awa ndi nsomba zazitali mpaka 7 cm ndi mtundu wamamba wakuda bii. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kusakhalapo kwa mikwingwirima ndi kuwala kwa m'mimba ndi kumapeto kwake. Anyamata amakhala ndi tinyanga tating'ono m'nsagwada yam'munsi, ndipo atsikana amakhala ndi thupi lamphamvu komanso lopaka.

Albino

Mtunduwu ndiwomwe umaswana ndi chowonjezera. Anthu amakula mpaka 7 cm. Mawonekedwe ndi mtundu wopepuka kwambiri wa kirimu wowoneka bwino kapena wachikasu. M'mphepete mwa zipsezi pamakhala kusintha kofiyira. Mitsinje yosungunuka imadutsa thupi.

Mtunduwu uli ndi dzina lina - platinamu. Ngati zikhalidwe za m'madzi ndizabwino, ndiye kuti nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Nsomba zimayenda kwambiri, ndipo zimamasuka mu gulu la anthu 6 kapena kuposerapo. Ngati barubus ya platinamu ikakhala yokha, imakhala yankhanza ndikuwukira nzika zina. Ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya, chifukwa amakonda kudya kwambiri.

Kubwezeretsanso kumatheka kokha mu thanki yosiyanasiyana, moyang'aniridwa ndi wolamulirayo.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Chithunzi chaChimuna

M'mabwinja ochita kupanga, barbs amatha kutulutsa pafupifupi nthawi iliyonse pachaka.Kuti nsomba zizitha kumatula bwino, ndikofunikira kusankha opanga bwino ndikuwonetsetsa momwe akukonzekera. Kutha kubereka kumachitika mu nsomba zomwe zafika pafupifupi miyezi isanu ndi itatu, koma njira yakukonzekereratu ophunzirawo iyenera kuchitidwa kale.

Pazaka za 3.5-4, nsomba zowoneka bwino kwambiri zimasankhidwa kuchokera ku nyama zazing'ono, malinga ndi zaka zomwe amapanga nsomba, ndipo amazisamutsira ku aquarium yapadera. Kutentha kwa madzi kumeneko sikuyenera kupitirira kupitirira 23-25 ​​C. Izi ndichifukwa choti kutentha ngati kukwera, ndiye kuti barbs imathanso kutha msanga. Koma monga momwe machitidwe amasonyezera, mwachangu sizitanthauza chabwino. Chowonadi ndi chakuti barbs musanakhwime msanga sikuwonetsa zabwino zawo pakupanga masika.

Kubalirana ma barb nthawi zambiri kumachitika awiriawiri. Komabe, njira yabwino ikakhala kukhazikitsanso gulu laling'ono (mtundu wakale ndi wachimuna ndi abambo awiri). Izi ndizopereka kuchuluka kwa umuna wa mazira. Ngati nsombayo idakonzedwa molondola, nthawi yowerengeka imakhala maola angapo (njirayi imachitika m'mawa).

Hong Kong

Mitundu yobereketsa mozungulira. Oimira amtunduwu amakonda kukhala m'gulu la anthu asanu ndi amodzi ndi asanu ndi mmodzi. Ndizoseketsa komanso osati zankhanza, koma ndi bwino ngati nsomba zazikulu zopanda zipsepsi zazitali zimakhala mu aquarium.

Itha kusungidwa m'matanki kuchokera 50 mpaka 80 malita. Komanso nsomba sikuti nthawi zonse kumangoyima pakudya, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumadya kwambiri. Kuti ma barb akhale amoyo komanso athanzi, ndikofunikira kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya ndikuwonjezera mbewu muzakudya, monga lunguzi, letesi ndi zitsamba zina. Kamodzi masabata awiri aliwonse, konzani tsiku lanjala la ziweto zanu.

Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa barbus yaku Hong Kong ndi albino ndi mtundu wa maso; kumapeto kwake kumakhala kofiyira.

Kufotokozera ndi malo okhala

Ma barc ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zamkati zomwe zimakhala m'malo ambiri osungira. Africa, Europe, South ndi Southeast Asia - malo obadwira kwawo.

Maonekedwe a thupi laling'ono ndi lalitali, lopindika ngati. Akazi ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa amuna, makamaka akamatulutsa, pomwe mimba yawo imakulitsidwa kwambiri. Koma nthawi yomweyo, amuna amakhala ndi utoto wowala.

Pali mitundu yambiri ya Barbus, koma ochulukirapo kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mpaka masentimita 5-7, ngakhale mitundu ikuluikulu mpaka 25-35 cm imapezekanso.

Matupi a nsomba izi amakhala ndi zida zogwiritsira ntchito Weber, chiwalo chomwe chimaphatikiza chikhodzodzo cha khutu ndi khutu lamkati. Pakati pa machitidwe awo pali mafupa anayi omwe amapanga nthiti yachitatu.

Chida chachilendo chapaderachi chimalola kuti Barbus amve mawu mpaka 13 kHz pafupipafupi, komwe ndi okwera kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nsomba wamba zimazindikira phokoso lokha mpaka 2,5 kHz.

Anthu okhala pansi pamadzi ndi opatsa chidwi, siamtundu wamtchire. Gulu la nkhosa limakonda kukhala m'nkhalango zowirira zam'madzi. Algae, tizilombo tina, mphutsi, mitundu ya invertebrate timadya.

Gulu la Barbs m'chilengedwe limakhala mwamtendere, koma titeteze gawo lawo. Izi nsomba ndizothandiza kwambiri ndipo zimayenda pamagalimoto, zimafunikira madzi ambiri oyenda kuti ayende.

Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 5-6, koma kuchuluka kwake kwa zochitika mpaka 3-4, ndiye kuthekera kubereka mu mitunduyo kumachepa. Mitundu yayikulu imakhala nthawi yayitali - zaka 8-10.

Ngakhale amakhala mwamtendere, nkhosazo, komanso poyerekeza ndi oyandikana nawo, zimakhala zolengedwa zoyipa, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zimasungidwa m'matanki osiyana siyana mu aquarium, omwe amatchedwa barbacies.

A Tail akutsimikizira: mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu

Pali zikhalidwe zambiri kuthengo, mitundu mazana angapo, koma chaka chilichonse pali mitundu yambiri yoswana, yowoneka bwino komanso yosangalatsa kuposa kukhala m'malo achilengedwe, mitundu ndi mitundu.

Mu aquarium m'mbuyomu, kuchuluka kwa mitundu inali pafupifupi 15, tsopano kuli zochulukira.

Cherry Barbs

Nsomba zokhala ndi zowala zambiri zokhala ngati zotayidwa zili ponseponse ku Asia ndi America. Nsombazi zimakonda madzi osenda amitsinje ndi mitsinje yosachedwa. Amadya ma diatoms ndi ma invertebrates.

Okhala pansi pamadziwo mpaka kutalika kwa 5 cm, nthawi zonse amakhala m'gulu.

Msodzi m'modzi, mtundu wake umazimiririka. Amapanikizika ndikufa msanga kapena amakhala wankhalwe kwambiri.

Makamaka amuna owala kwambiri pomwe akutuluka, motsatira mzere wamtunduwu amakhala ndi mzere wautali wakuda. Zazikulu pang'ono kuposa zazikazi, koma zotsalazo zimakhala ndi mimba yayikulu. Yosavuta kuswana m'mizinda yakunyumba.

Werengani zambiri munkhaniyi pa barbs.

Zida Zamoto

Amadziwikanso kuti Red kapena Pinki. Anthu akuluakulu, mpaka 8-10 cm kutalika. Kwambiri ntchito komanso mafoni. Utoto wa pinki wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofiira. Palibe tinyanga, ndalama zowonekera. Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 6.

Pali magulu angapo a Fiery barbus, okhala ku Asia ndi South America.

Arulius

Mtunduwu umakhala ndi thupi lokwera, kuwala kowoneka bwino komanso mikwingwirima yakuda yomwe imachokera kumbuyo kupita kumimba. Amuna amakhala ndi utoto wowala, kukula kwake kwakakulu, ndipo akafika msinkhu pafupi ndi milomo yawo amawoneka oyera.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi chiyenera kukhala chamagulu, komanso monga mapuloteni ndi mankhwala azitsamba. Kudyetsa kumachitika mu milingo iwiri kapena itatu patsiku, ndipo kuchuluka kwa chakudya kuyenera kukhala kotero kuti nsomba zimatha kupirira mu mphindi 5. Ma aruliuse sangathe kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa zakudya zomwe zimadyedwa, ndipo amatha kufa chifukwa chodya kwambiri. Zakudya zonse zotsalazo zimachotsedwa kuchosimbamo mukatha kudya.

Kwa gulu laling'ono la anthu a 4-6, thanki yama 200-250 lita ndiyofunikira. Zomera zamphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokongoletsera, zomwe zimakhazikika pansi. Pasakhale mbewu zoyandama mu aquarium.

Mtunduwu umayenera kuperekedwa ndi madzi abwino kwambiri okhala ndi mpweya, komanso kutuluka kwamphamvu kwamphamvu. Kamodzi pa sabata, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madzi liyenera kulowa m'malo am'madzi.

Ma aruliuse amagwirizana ndi nsomba zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Osasankha onse oyandikana nawo omwe amakhala ankhanza kwambiri

Mababu a Sumatran

Imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka komanso yofala kwambiri m'madzimo, yomwe imatchedwanso Tiger chifukwa cha mtundu wake woyambirira. Tsopano, mitundu yambiri yoswana yochokera ku iyo imadziwika.

Malo obadwira omwe adapezeka mu 1855 ndi Borneo ndi Sumatra. Amakhala m'mitsinje ya nkhalango yoyera, yodzaza ndi mpweya, yopatsa mphamvu.

Amakula mpaka 7-8 cm ndipo amakhala pafupifupi zaka 7.

Mapeto ake ndi apamwamba, mutu umalozedwa. Mbali yayikulu yakumbuyo imakhala yachikasu kapena yofiyira; Ruby ndi zipsepse zonse.

Wamphongo ndiocheperako komanso wowala, pomwe akufalikira, mutu wake umakhalanso wofiyira.

Pakutulutsa, mkazi amatha kuikira mazira 700. Ana aubongo amakula msanga kwambiri ndipo amatha kutha msinkhu akangotha ​​miyezi 2-3 kukula kwa masentimita 2-3. nsomba zolimba kwambiri zopanda chitetezo.

Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi gulu la anthu 6 okha, amodzi modzi amayamba kukhala ankhanza kwambiri.

Solar

Msodzi waung'ono wa masentimita anayi nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mabatani agolide ocheperako chifukwa cha mitundu yawo yowala. Pali malo akuda pamapeto komanso pafupi ndi mchira. Akazi ndi okulirapo.

Ma barar a solar amakonda kukhala m'gulu la anthu eyiti ndikugwirizana mwamtendere ndi anthu ena. Kwa gulu lamtundu wamtunduwu, thanki ya malita 60 kapena kupitilira apo ndi yokwanira, malinga ndi malo okhala.

Zakudya zomanga thupi kwambiri ndizofunikira.

Rhombocellatus

Akazi amtunduwu amakula mpaka 5 cm. Amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wocheperako. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala siliva kapena golide wokhala ndi pinki. Mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umatchedwa rhombus popanga mawanga akuda m'mbali mwake.

Amakonzanso zofewa madzi ndi kutentha kuyambira +22 mpaka +27 ° C.Itha kusungidwa mumbale zokhala ndi ma 80 malita kapena kupitilira.

Khola lotchedwa rhombus barbus limakhala lotetezeka, koma liyenera kusungidwa m'gulu, monga ziwalo zina pabanja. Sililekerera oyandikana ndi phokoso lalikulu. Ndi chosasangalatsa chakudya, chimadya pafupifupi chilichonse.

Shaki Mabakesi

Mwachilengedwe, khalani m'malo osungirako a Thailand, Cambodia, Sumatra. Ali ndi miyeso ya masentimita 25-30, masikelo asiliva, maso akulu amdima ndi maula akuthwa, otikumbutsa maonekedwe a shark zipse.

Ngakhale mulibe utoto, mamba amenewo amakhala ndi galasi labwino, anthu ena onse okhala m'malo osungirako ziweto izi amawoneka oterera.

Shark a Balu ndi nsomba zazikulu, ndizofunikira kwambiri pamanja, amafunikira malo aufulu ambiri, ogwirira ntchito, koma amanyazi. Kwa iwo mu aquarium muyenera kuwapatsa malo okhala ambiri. Amakhala mpaka zaka 10.

Panda

Uwu ndi mtundu wawukulu bwino, wofika masentimita 8 kutalika. Ili ndi mtundu wofiyira pang'ono, thupi la imvi lokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda komanso mawanga. Zachikazi zamtunduwu ndizopweteka kwambiri. Amakhala m'matumba a anthu asanu ndi mmodzi.

Izi ndi nsomba zodekha zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ambiri okhala m'madzimo. Pafupifupi zopatsa mphamvu.

Kulera mtundu wamtunduwu kumafuna bungwe la thanki yapadera, kuleza mtima komanso kudziwa zambiri pakukula kwa mazira.

Zida Zinayi Zamizere

Sipezeka kawirikawiri m'midzi yakunyumba ndipo kulibe milandu yodziwika bwino mu ukapolo.

Nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa ndi Tiger Sumatran Barbus, popeza ali ndi kufanana m'mawonekedwe.

Malo omwe mitunduyi imabadwira ndi Asia, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand. Nsombazo ndizotalika pafupifupi 4 cm. Kumbuyo kwake ndi siliva, mizere inayi yakuda yamtundu wakuda imadutsa thupi. Mapulogalamu ochulukirapo ali pafupi kuwonekera kwathunthu ndi dontho lofiira kumbuyo.

Gulu lophunzitsira komanso lopanda chidwi.

Gracilis

Awa ndi oyimira ang'ono kwambiri amtunduwu. Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 18 mpaka 20 mm. Mtundu wowala wa pinki komanso wakuda pafupi ndi mchira amaonedwa kuti ndi amitundu. Nthawi zambiri thupi la barbus limawonekera.

Awa ndi nsomba zodekha zomwe amakonda kukhala pagulu lalikulu. Chitha kukhala malo amodzi mpaka anthu 20. Kwa gracilis, posungira malita 50 amasankhidwa.

Nsomba zotere zimatha kudyetsa, ndikuzolowera mitundu yomweyi. Amadyetserawa azikhala ndi tizidutswa tating'ono.

Kubala nsomba zamtunduwu kunyumba ndizovuta komanso zovuta.

Malo Opangira Maulendo

Mtunduwu mwachilengedwe umakhala m'madzi a India ndi Sri Lanka. Amakonda akali ndewu zazing'onoting'ono komanso zazing'onoting'ono zomwe zimakhala m'malo obiriwira mapiri.

Chiwerengero cha anthu achilengedwe chachepetsedwa kwambiri posachedwa chifukwa cha zochita za anthu komanso nsomba zochuluka zomwe zikugulitsidwa.

Amakula mpaka masentimita 5-6. Amuna ndi ochepetsetsa komanso owala kuposa zazikazi. Pazinthu zasiliva, mzere wofiira wamaso osiyanasiyana komanso mwamphamvu ziwiri wawoneka.

Utawaleza

Nsomba zimakula mpaka kutalika kwa 6 cm.Miyeso yawo imakhala ndi mithunzi ya pinki komanso yamtambo. Komanso utawaleza umawalira ndi kuwala kwa neon. Zachikazi sizimasiyana ndi zazimuna.

Mauta samaloleza kusungulumwa, ndipo ayenera kukhala mgulu lomwe lili ndi nsomba zosachepera 8. Amalekerera bwino kuwunikira ndipo samasankha chakudya - amadya chilichonse chomwe amapereka.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa utawaleza ndi zaka 2.

Mtanda Mabasi

Kapenanso, kenako, mumakula mpaka masentimita 12 mpaka 13 ndipo mufunika thanki yayikulu kuti gulu lisungire. Utoto wokongola wofiira umawoneka kumbuyo kobiriwira, mbali zake ndi zonyezimira zagolide. Kumtunda kwa thupi, mikwingwirima iwiri yakuda imadutsa, ndipo kumunsi kuli mzere wamtambo wakuda, womwe umalowera mchira wofiira.

Ili ndi mtundu wa Asia womwe umakonda kukhala m'mphepete mwa mitsinje. Nthawi zina imapezeka m'dera la peat bogs, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tannins m'madzi, maziko akulu a thupi pafupifupi njerwa, ofanana ndi tiyi womangidwa kwambiri.

Nsomba yogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso yaphokoso yomwe imaberekanso bwino m'madzimo.

Mtanda

Izi ndi nsomba zazikulu, mpaka 15 cm. Thupi la zonona limayikidwa mu mikwingwirima yakuda yoyala.Mwa achichepere, mtunduwo uli ndi malire omveka bwino.

Ndikwabwino kusungitsa malo osungira pamadzi akuluakulu omwe ali ndi voliyumu ya 250 kapena kupitilira apo. Amakonda kukhala m'gulu la anthu 6 ndipo ndiwosavuta. Malire Otentha: +18 - +22 Co

Mutha kudyetsa chakudya chokhazikika kapena chowundikira. Gawo lazopezeka muzakudya ndizofunikanso. Zosiyanasiyana za barbuszi zitha kufalitsika bwino mumadzi wamba.

Mabala Oligolepsisy

Mitundu ya Sumatra yotsika mtengo, amakhala ku Lake Menue, kaphiri kamaphulika akaphulika. Panthawi yachilengedwe, nsomba sizikhala ndi mgodi, koma zimamera m'mafamu a nsomba aku Asia.

Awa ndi timabowo ting'ono, kameneka sikamakula mpaka 4 cm (zazikazi). Amuna ndi ochepa komanso owala. Matani a pinki ndi a lilac amadziwika kwambiri mu utoto wawo, ndipo maonekedwe ofiira apamwamba amakhala ndi malire akuda.

Futunio

Kuthengo, mtunduwu nthawi zambiri umafika pa 4 cm, ndipo m'ndende, anthu amakula pang'ono. Izi ndi nsomba zam'madzi, zomwe zimakonda gulu. Sikelo zasiliva zimakhala ndi lilac kapena golide wowala. Pali mikwingwirima isanu pabulu.

Matumba amtunduwu ndi okhudza mtima kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa cha mantha amatha kudumpha mu thankiyo. Zingakhale bwino ngati mutaphimba Aquarium.

Pa mtundu uwu, thanki yokhala ndi malita 50 kapena kuposerapo ndiyabwino. Mtundu wa futunio ungakhalepo mwamtendere ndi anthu ena okhala zofanana. Mumakonda malo amithunzi.

Popanga, chosunga chokha chimasiyanitsidwa.

Barns Denisoni

Ili nalo dzina lake polemekeza kazembe wachikoloni wa India mu 70s ya 1900, a William Thomas Denison.

Onani m'mapiri a South Indian mapiri a Western Ghats. Miyoyo yam'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi mitsinje.

Kwa zaka zambiri mtunduwu udagwidwa kuti ugulitsidwe ndipo tsopano watsala pang'ono kutha. Kutumiza kuchokera ku India kuli ndi malire.

Kutalika kwa wamkulu ndi 11-12 cm, thupi locheperako lomwe limadulidwa ndi chingwe chakuda chachitali ndi stroko ya ruby ​​kumtunda kwa thupi. Fin kumbuyo kwake ndi kofiyira, ndipo mchira wake ndi wowonekera, wachikasu wamakala.

Nsomba zamtendere zimamva bwino mu thanki yayikulu pagulu la anthu asanu ndi limodzi. Pazing'onozing'ono, ziweto ndizosachita manyazi ndikubisala mu algae.

Amaberekana zolimba kwambiri m'matanthwe, milandu yokhayokha imadziwika. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a mahoni pamafamu aku Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia.

Amatchulanso nsomba za Mwazi wamagazi ndi Abambo a Kerala.

Njira zisanu

Barbus ya mizere isanu imakhala ndi thupi lalanje-lalanje ndi mikwaso isanu yosiyana yomwe imayikidwa molunjika. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa barbus yamaulendo asanu ndi imodzi, komabe awa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale zakunja ndi zikhalidwe, mitunduyi ndi yofanana ndipo imakonda moyo womwewo.

Kutalika kwam'mimba masentimita 5. Amakhala m'matumba a nsomba 5-10. Zingwe zopyapyala zimakhala m'mizinda yakunyumba kwa zaka 5. Amakonzekera kubisala pafupi ndi pansi kapena pansi pake. Voliyumu yocheperako yam'madzi ndi 80 malita. Ndi chisangalalo iye amadya zonse zobzala ndi chakudya.

Ma bar Indian

Sikuti nthawi zonse zimadziwika ngati mtundu wodziimira pawokha, monga ena achthyologists amawaganizira kuti ndi amtundu wa Striped Barbs.

Mitundu ya ku Asia ndi West India (Goa, Kerala, Karnataka). Imakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono, yophimbidwa ndi masamba ndi nthambi zamitengo.

Akuluakulu amakula mpaka masentimita 7-8. kumbuyo kumakhala kofiyira kapena lalanje, pamimba ndi wopepuka, siliva. Mzere wakuda wopingasa umayenda pakati pa thupi. Nthawi zina pamakhala awiri kapena atatu.

Kuzizira komanso kukonda nsomba pagulu la makope 8-10. Imaberekana bwino mu thanki yakunyumba, sipanga kupanga zomanga, koma imabalalitsa mazira m'nthaka yonse ya m'madzi.

Moto kapena wophimbidwa ndi moto

Chizindikiro cha oimira amtunduwu ndi mtundu wa azitona kumbuyo kwake, komanso wamtambo kapena wachikasu wokhala ndi siliva m'maso ndi m'mimba. Kutali pang'ono ndi mchira, malo ozimitsa moto ali ndi malo amdima. Amphongo ndi owala kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino, makamaka nthawi yopanda zipatso, pomwe zipsepako zimapakidwa utoto wowala.Yaikazi imakhala ndi zipsepse zopanda utoto ndi imvi kapena mtundu wamkuwa. Mtsikanayo amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mimba yodzaza.

Pamabala awa, muyenera kugula malo osungira anthu ambiri. Amamva bwino pa kutentha kwa +22 + 25 Co Kukula mpaka masentimita asanu ndi atatu. Nsomba zamtunduwu ndizosowa kwambiri, koma zimafunikira zakudya zam'mera.

Ma barband ophimba amakonda kukhala ndi magulu ang'onoang'ono. Ngati pali nsomba mu dziwe zomwe sizigwira kwambiri, ndiye kuti ma barbs amatsutsana nawo.

Zodzikanira

Wotchedwa mdziko lasayansi, Dawkinsia exclamatio, dzina lake Mlezi Richard Duckins. Kwenikweni, "Exclamatio" amatanthauza chizindikiritso. Chimafanana ndi munthu yemwe wakula mozungulira (sitiroko yakuda pamchira ndi diso lakuda).

Matenda a Ashtamudi Lake, omwe ali kumwera kwa India. Imapezekanso m'mitsinje yamapiri oyera yoyenda mmenemo. M'malo osungira okha, amakhala m'malo osyanasiyana a pansi.

Nsomba zazikulu (mpaka 10-11 cm) ndizopatsa chidwi komanso zowoneka bwino. Mwina dzina lake limayambitsidwa ndi kufuwula koyamba pakuwona nsomba zamitundu mitundu zambiri. Mikwingwirima yayikulu kwambiri imawoneka kuti imwazikana thupi lonse mchisokonezo. Mtundu wa chochitika chilichonse ndiwopadera, koma pansi pamipanda nthawi zonse pamakhala kugunda kwakuda.

Amuna ndi ochepa pang'ono komanso owala kuposa zazikazi, ndipo nthawi yakukhwima, zophukira zachilendo zimawonekera pamitu yawo.

Gulu lankhondo lamtendere kwambiri. Amabereka bwino, koma mwachangu ambiri amafa, chifukwa makolo samawonetsa kusamalira ana.

Everett kapena Clown

Ngati malo abwino atapangidwa, ndiye kuti nthumwi za mtunduwu zitha kukhala m'madzi kwa zaka 8. Ma Clown ali ndi thupi lalitali, komanso mtundu wofiirira wagolide. Malo amdima ali m'mphepete. Kumbuyo kuli ndi mitundu yowala. Maso amathandizidwanso ndi ofiira owala.

Everett amakonda kuphatikiza chakudya ndi malo otentha. Kutentha kuyenera kuchokera ku +25 mpaka +27 ° C. Izi nsomba sangathe kulekerera malo ochepa. Amasungidwa bwino m'mathanki okhala ndi malita 150 kapena kupitilira.

Ngati bambo wansangala akukhala yekha, ndiye kuti amakhala wankhanza. Ndibwino ngati pali anthu asanu ndi mmodzi ndi asanu ndi mmodzi mwa iwo. Monga oyandikana nawo, ndibwino kusankha mitundu yayikulu ya nsomba. Kwa kuswana, ndikofunikira kuwunikira aquarium yosiyana.

Filamentosus kapena maolivi

Dziko lokhalamo mitundu iyi ndi India. Amuna amafika kukula kwa masentimita 15-17, atsikana ndi ochepa pang'ono. M'mphepete, pafupi ndi mchira, pali malo akuda mbali zonse ziwiri. Palinso mivi iwiri yakuda ndi yofiirira pamiyala, yomwe imayamba kuwerengera zaka. Kumbuyo kuli chimaliziro, chomwenso chimatuluka chakuda.

Nsomba izi zimakonda thanki yayikulu. Filamentosus imasiyanitsidwa ndi zochitika komanso kuyenda, ngakhale pakati pa barbs. Amakonda nthawi zambiri kusintha mbali ina. Maolivi si ochezeka. Amachita mantha ndi akuluakulu, ndipo ang'ono adzakwezedwa. Mukukonda kukhala pampaka.

Malo abwino kwambiri ndi gawo lalikulu, ndipo kutentha kumatanthauza + 22Co. Zomera ziyenera kupezeka mukudyetsa.

Izi nsomba nthawi zambiri chonde. Nthawi inayake, yaikazi imayikira mazira 500, pomwe ana amphamvu ndi athanzi amakula.

Zina zambiri

Mabakiteriya ndi nsomba zopanda-ray zochokera ku banja la Carp. Chifukwa chosazindikira, kukula kwake kwapakatikati ndi mitundu yosangalatsa kuli ponseponse mu aquarium. Gululi limaphatikizapo genera zingapo. Mitundu yambiri yodyera yomwe imasinthasintha mosavuta kukhala ndi moyo wosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza pa mitundu yachilengedwe, palinso mitundu yoswana ndi nsomba za fluorescent (GlobalFish).

Barbus glofis

Ndiwotchuka chifukwa cha "ochita masewera" a aquarium, ena am'madzi am'madzi amawaganizira kuti ndi nsomba zodyera.Koma zenizeni, nkhonya zowoneka bwino nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi zolakwika pakusunga nsomba (ochepa omwe ali mgululi, oyandikana osankhidwa molakwika).

Habitat

Mabakiteriya ndiofala kwambiri m'malo okhala dziko lapansi ndi kotentha. Mitundu yambiri imachokera ku Southwest Asia (Borneo, Sumatra, Thailand, Cambodia). Ena mwa iwo amakhala ku India komanso pachilumba cha Sri Lanka. Pali barbs ku equatorial Africa.

Kuchulukitsa kwa ma barba kunabwera kumayiko ena ndipo, chifukwa cha kupirira kwawo, adakhazikika popanda mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu ina imatha kupezeka ku USA, Colombia, Australia, Singapore.

Kukhazikika kwawoko kwa ma barbs ndimtsinje wocheperako kapena mtsinje wokhala ndi dothi lamchenga ndi masamba owuma.

Sumatran Barbus (Puntigrus tetrazona)

Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa barba. Dziko lakwawo ndi Southeast Asia. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "wakala wamamba" kapena "nsomba mu vest", ndipo zonse chifukwa cha mtundu wapadera ndi mtundu wa tambala. Thupi la nsomba ndi lokwera, mutu walongosoledwa. Mtundu woyambira wa thupi umasiyana kuchokera pachikaso mpaka siliva. Chowoneka ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yosunthika kudutsa thupi: m'munsi mwa mchira, kudzera mwa dorsal fin, kumbuyo kwa zokutira kwa maso ndi maso. Zipsepse ndi mchira wake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiira. Mutu wa abambo ogonana okhwima umakhala wofiyira pakapepuka.

Pali mawonekedwe a albino: thupi limapakidwa chikasu kapena beige wopepuka, mikwingwirima ndi yamkaka.

Gulu la nsomba lokhala ndi chikhalidwe chosalephera. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusunga osachepera anthu asanu ndi amodzi m'madzimo, popanda kutero amatha kuwononga oyandikana nawo mu aquarium ndikuluma zipsepse zawo. Amakula mpaka 7 cm.

Sumatran barbus

Kufalikira kwa barb

M'mitundu yambiri ya barba, dimorphism ya kugonana imatchulidwa: Amuna ndi okongola kwambiri kuposa zazikazi komanso zowala kwambiri. Mwa akazi, pamimba chimawoneka chokwanira.

Kulera kuyenera kuchitidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi gritar yopatula, popeza mitundu yambiri imadya caviar. Zofunikanso: chitsamba chachikulu chokwanira chazomera zazing'ono (kabomba, pinnatifolia), kubwezeretsa bwino magetsi ndikuwala. Amuna ndi akazi ali okonzekera kutchera, wobzala m'miyala yosiyanasiyana kwa masiku 7-10, ndipo amadya bwino. Gulu laling'ono limabzalidwa kuti lizingolowera, pomwe amuna awiri amuna atatu aliwonse wamkazi. Kutambalala kumakhudzidwa ndikusintha gawo lamadzi ndiofewetsa, ndikuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono kutentha mpaka madigiri 28.

Kukula kumachitika nthawi zambiri m'mawa. Caviar nthawi zambiri imasiyidwa pakupanga, kuchotsa opanga. Mulingo wamadzi umachepetsedwa kukhala masentimita khumi, ndipo theka la kuchuluka kwamadzi limasinthidwa ndi madzi abwino okhala ndi magawo omwewo. Malek amasambira pakatha masiku asanu. Kuyamba kudya ndi fumbi lamoyo.

Barbus mossy, kapena mutant

Mossy barbus ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa Sumatran barbus wopezeka ndi mutageneis. Zotsatira zake, mikwingwirima yakuda idakulira ndikuphatikizana, ndikupatsa nsomba kuti zikhale ndi utoto wonyezimira wakuda ndi sheen wachitsulo, ndi zipsepse zofiira. Kupanda kutero, palibe kusiyana maonekedwe ndi zomwe zimachokera ku Sumatran barbus. Wowoneka wokongola mu aquarium yemweyo wokhala ndi zotuwa za Sumatran ndi maalubino. Nsomba zimakhala ndi mafoni, mu aquarium, muyenera kupereka malo aulere pakusambira. Kukula kwakukulu ndi 7 cm.

Barbus mossy, kapena mutant

Fire Barbus (Pethia Conchonius)

Komwe kubadwa kwa barbus kumeneku ndi malo osungira kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa India. M'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zimakula mpaka 8 masentimita, ngakhale mwachilengedwe ndimatha kufika masentimita 15. Thupi ndilopyapyala, lalitali kutalika, lili ndi mtundu wagolide wokhala ndi mamba osiyanika bwino. Pansi pamipanda ya caudal pali malo akuda. Zipsepse zimakhala ndi makulidwe amdima, omwe amakhala owala kwambiri nthawi yopukutira. Pali mawonekedwe ophimbidwa okhala ndi zipsepse zomwe zimapanga bwino kwambiri. Chiyembekezo chokhala ndi moyo mpaka zaka 5.

Barbus wamoto

Sumatran Barbus (Barbus tetrazona. Bleeker, 1855)

Amakhala kuzilumba za Sumatra, Kalimantan, zopezeka ku Thailand. Kutalika kwa thupi - mpaka masentimita 6. Kwa mikwingwirima yotchedwa "tiger" "barbus" Talandila mitundu yosiyanasiyana yoswana. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yonse yobereketsa ndiyowoneka bwino koposa imtchire, yomwe ilibe mtundu wagolide pakhungu ndi yofiyira zipsepse. Kutha msanga kumachitika m'miyezi 5-9. Wamkazi amaponyera mazira mazana asanu ndi atatu.

Izi nsomba sizingathe kusungidwa ndi mitundu yophimba ya nsomba, chifukwa zimadya zipsepse zake.

Cherry barbus (Puntius titteya)

Barbus yaying'ono koma yochititsa chidwi kwambiri, choyambira pachilumba cha Sri Lanka. Ili ndi thupi lokwera komanso lopindika pang'ono, lopakidwa utoto wofiira kapena rasipiberi. Kutalika sikapitilira masentimita 5. Mzere wakuda umatambasuka kuchokera kumatimu kupita kumchira. Zipsepse ndi mchira ndizofanizira zautoto. Gawo lapamwamba la iris limakhala lofiirira. Mtundu wa thupi mwachindunji zimatengera mikhalidwe yomangidwa ndi chakudya. Pansipa yapansi pali tinyanga tating'ono. Pakadali pano, obereketsa adabzala albino ndi mitundu yophimba. Nsomba zimasiyanitsidwa ndimtendere, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zoweta kuyambira 7 pcs.

Cherry Barbus

Barbus Denisoni (Puntius denisonii)

Mtunduwu umakhala m'mitsinje ya South India. Kukula kwakukulu m'madzi ndi masentimita 9-11. Ali ndi thupi lalitali ndi masikelo siliva. Zingwe ziwiri zili kumbali: zakuda - kuchokera kumaso mpaka mchira, wofiira - kuyambira muzzle mpaka kumunsi kwa dorsal fin. Mchirawo umakhala wamanja mbali ziwiri, pamingwe yozungulira pali mawanga awiri: wakuda ndi wachikasu. Palinso malo ofiira kumunsi kwa dorsal fin. Zipsepse zotsalazo ndizowonekera.

Ofunsidwa mokhazikika pamikhalidwe yomwe ali m'ndende, yolimbikitsidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito pamadzi. M'pofunika kukhala ndi magulu azidutswa 7. Voliyumu yocheperako yam'madzi ndi 200 malita.

Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kowonjezereka, kuchepa kwa chiwerengero chaachilengedwe kumawonedwa. Masiku ano, zimawetedwa pamafamu apadera omwe amagwiritsa ntchito jakisoni wa mahomoni.

Barbus denisoni

Mtundu wobiriwira wa Barbus (Barbus semifasciolatus. Gunther, 1868)

Amakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa China, ku Vietnam komanso pachilumba cha Hainan. Mu aquarium, imafikira masentimita 7. Thupi la maolivi obiriwira, pamimba pake limakhala lofiirira pakapangika. Mamba amapanga mawonekedwe apamwamba. Wamphongo ndiocheperako kuposa wamkazi, ali ndi mtundu wowala.

Kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi kumafunikira chifukwa chazimitsa zambiri. Kutentha kumakhala kochepera kuposa mitundu ina - 18-20 madigiri. Kutambalala kumatha kuonedwa kale pa 24 degrees. Kutha msinkhu pa miyezi 8-11. Akaziwo amaponyera mazira mpaka 200.

Tsitsi lofiirira, kapena Odessa (Pethia padamya)

Malo okhala zachilengedwe ngati barbus yofiira ndi beseni la Mtsinje wa Chinduin, woyenda kudera la Myanmar (Burma). Nsomba zazing'ono (mpaka 5 cm) zili ndi mtundu wokongola kwambiri. Mzere wofiyira owala kwambiri umadutsa thupi lathuli. Zipsepse ndizowonekera kapena chikasu ndi madontho akuda. Masikelo ali ndi malire akuda. Palibe tinyanga. Akazi ndi okulirapo kuposa amphongo ndipo amakhala ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino.

Sungani nsomba m'magulu azinthu zosachepera 6. Amagwira ntchito kwambiri, kotero voliyumu ya aquarium iyenera kuchokera ku malita 80, makamaka ngati yatalikitsidwa motalika.

Nsombayo ndi yamtendere, koma nthawi zina oyandikana ndi ziphuphu zophimba zimamupangitsa chidwi.

Kofi wa barus, kapena Odessa

Cosuatis

Kwa gulu la nkhosa za 5-6 cozuatis, mumasowa ma aquarium okhala ndi ma 80 malita, kutsika pang'ono kapena kusakhalapo kwathunthu. Mwachilengedwe, ma cozuatis amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka pang'ono, mu aquarium anthu abwino kwambiri ndiofala.

Barbus oligolepis. Chilumba cha Barbel (Barbus oligolepis. Bleeker, 1853)

Pamakhala zilumba za Indonesia, makamaka chilumba cha Sumatra. Amafika masentimita 4-4.5. Ali ndi utoto wamtundu wokhala ndi zipsepse zofiira.

Sakonda madzi atsopano, odzichepetsa kwambiri. Ndi mantha, amasintha mtundu, kukhala imvi. Kutha msinkhu ndi miyezi 7-9. Wamkazi amaponyera mazira mazana awiri.

Shark barbus (Balantiocheilus melanopterus)

Mu aquarium, imadziwika bwino ndi dzina la mpira wa shark.Dziko lakwawo ndi Southeast Asia. Ili ndi dzina lake chifukwa mawonekedwe a thupi, ziphuphu ndi ma fins akufanana ndi shaki. Ili ndi thupi lowoneka ngati torpedo. Maso ndi akuda, akulu. Pakamwa pakachepa. Mphepoyi ikuwonekera, yomwe ili ndi malire akuda. Dorsal fin imakhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu, yotalika komanso yofanana kwambiri ndi shaki. Mchira wake umadulidwa. Pakukula koyenerera, nsomba zimatha kukula mpaka 25-30 cm. Ngakhale zili zazikulu, zamanyazi komanso zamtendere. Imakhala ndi magulu a ma pcs a 5-7. Voliyumu yofunikira ya m'madzi amachokera ku malita 300.

M'chilengedwe ali pafupi kutha.

Shark barbus

Scarlet Barbus (Barbus ticto. Hamilton Buchanan, 1822)

Amakhala ku India ndi ku Sri Lanka. Imafika masentimita 10, mu aquarium osaposa masentimita 7. Mtundu wa siliva wokhala ndi kupindika pazitsulo. Wamphongo amatenga tinsalu kofiirira pofunda. Mtanda ndi alfalfa barbus.

Malangizo osangalatsa a barbus wofiyira - Odessa barbus. Dzinalo silikudziwika, chifukwa idachokera ku North Vietnam kupita ku USSR kudzera ku Odessa. Imafika pamtunda wa masentimita 6. Thupi lopindika limakhala ndi mzere wofiyira.

Kusamalira ndi kukonza

Kukula kwa aquarium posungira mababu kumadalira mitunduyo ndipo imatha kukhala 30 mpaka 300 malita, makamaka ngati itakulitsidwa motalika. Chophimba chofunikira - nsomba zokhala ndi chilengedwe zimatha kudumpha mosavuta mu aquarium. Mababu akuphunzira nsomba, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi anthu osachepera 6-10. Kupanda kutero, amakhala ankhanza kwambiri ndipo amatha kuukira oyandikana nawo mumadzi.

Mu aquarium payenera kukhala malo omwe ali ndi milu yama dambo yazomera ndi malo osambira osambira. Monga dothi ndibwino kusankha mchenga kapena timiyala ting'onoting'ono, ndibwino koposa mitundu yonse yakuda. Zodzikongoletsera zoyenera kwambiri ndi miyala komanso miyala.

Malo osungira nyama amayenera kuwerengedwa m'miweto

Mu aquarium, kusefa bwino komanso kuthandizira kuyenera kulinganizidwa. Mitundu ina imakonda mphatso yamphamvu.

Magawo abwino a madzi pazomwe zalembedwa: T = 20-25 ° C, pH = 6.5-7.5, GH = 4-10.

Sabata lililonse, muyenera kusintha madzi mpaka 30% ya voliyumu ya aquarium.

Cherry Barbus (Barbus titteya (Deraniyagala, 1829)

Mitsinje ndi mitsinje ya ku Sri Lanka. Kutalika kwa thupi - masentimita 5. Amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wamtengo wapatali wa chitumbuwa akamatulutsa. Utoto wathunthu umawonekera mchaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Pali mawonekedwe a albino. Nsomba zimachita manyazi. Amakonda mthunzi ndi duwa la mbeu. Ndikwabwino kuwasunga ndi ma characin (ma neon, mwachitsanzo) ndi masamba. Kutentha kwa kuwola ndi madigiri 25-26, kutha msambo kumachitika m'miyezi ya 6-8. Akazi amaponyera mazira mazana awiri.

Kudyetsa nyama

Mu vivo, ma baramu onse ndi opatsa chidwi. Zakudya zawo zimaphatikizapo tizilombo, mphutsi, nyongolotsi, ma diatomu, ma invertebrates ang'onoang'ono, ndi detritus. Amakonda kutsina komanso kupendekera magawo azomera zam'madzi.

Nthawi zambiri amakupangitsani kudyetsa mababa ndi chakudya chamoyo komanso chakuthwa, koma ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti izi zimanyamula chiopsezo choipitsa madzi am'madzi ndimatenda owopsa komanso majeremusi, kuwonjezera, zakudya zamtunduwu ndizotsika, chifukwa chake nsomba sizilandira michere ndi mavitamini muyeso yoyenera.

Ndikofunika kudyetsa nsomba ndi chakudya chouma chapamwamba kwambiri - ichi ndiye chinsinsi cha thanzi labwino, moyo wautali komanso zochita za ziweto zanu. Nditha kutenga zotchinga chakudya m'magulu onse amadzimadzi, koma zimakonda kumtunda ndi pakati. Zakudya zouma zotsatirazi ndi zabwino:

1. TetraMin Flakes ndichakudya chamtundu wa nsomba zamitundu yonse. Amapangidwa kuchokera mitundu yopitilira 40 ya zinthu zosankhidwa, ali ndi michere ndi mavitamini onse ofunikira, komanso ma probiotic kuti apukuze chakudya cham'mimba. Kugaya kwamphamvu kwam'mimba kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinyalala za nsomba, chifukwa chake, madziwo amakhala oyera nthawi yayitali.
2. Tchipisi cha TetraPro Energy champhamvu kwambiri chimapangidwira nsomba zantchito. Amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wocheperako pang'ono, womwe umakuthandizani kuti muzipulumutsanso michere yambiri.
3. Tetra Phyll ndi TetraPro Algae amathandizira kudya kwa barbs ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la chomera, lomwe lingasinthe thanzi lanu komanso moyo wautali.
4. Kuti muwonjezere mtundu wachilengedwe wa ma bar ofiira, achikasu ndi lalanje, gwiritsani ntchito ma feed okhala ndi zowonjezera zamtundu wachilengedwe - Tetra Rubin kapena TetraPro Colour.Zotsatira zake zimadziwika pambuyo pa milungu iwiri mukudyetsa pafupipafupi.

Ndikofunikira kudyetsa barbs kangapo patsiku ndi gawo la chakudya, lomwe lidzadyedwe mu mphindi zochepa. Nsomba zimakonda kudya kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kukonza kamodzi pa sabata "tsiku losala kudya."

Kuswana ndi kuswana

Kubereketsa makola sikovuta ndipo kumakupatsani mwayi wophunzitsa maluso anu kwa anthu am'madzi omwe angafune kubereka mitundu ina.

Baraba ndi chitumbuwa. Mwamuna ndi mkazi

Pakuwonongeka, muyenera kusankha angapo opanga akuluakulu kwambiri komanso owala kwambiri ndikuwabzala mu malo osiyana siyana, momwe amadyetsa kwambiri zakudya zama protein ambiri. Nsomba zikakhala kuti zikulowere (muzzle wa anyaniwo umakhala wofiyira, zazikazi zimazungulira mozungulira), ndikofunikira kukonzekera kuwaza ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 10-20. Mauna amaikidwa pansi, ndipo pamwamba pake pali mbewu zazing'ono (Javanese moss, malo osanja). Aquarium wowerengeka amayenera kukhala ndi fyuluta, chotenthetsera ndi compressor.

Kutambalala kumakhudzidwa ndi kuwonjezera kwa madzi ofewa komanso kukwera kwa kutentha. Ndikwabwino kusinthitsa opanga pasadakhale magawo omwe ali ofanana ndi omwe adzakhalepo: T = 26-28 ° C, KH mpaka 2 °, pH 6.5-7.

Opanga akonzekereratu, zazikazi zazimuna ndi ziwiri zimabzalidwa pamalo ena owerengera usiku. Kutha kwamdima. Kutulutsa kumachitika m'mawa ndipo kumatenga maola angapo. Amphongo amathamangitsa chachikazi, amatulutsa mazira, omwe nthawi yomweyo amaphatikiza, ndikugwa pansi. Chonde cha mkazi m'modzi chimatha kufikira mazira 1000.

Akamaliza njirayi, opangawo amachotsedwa, mazirawo amasunthika pang'ono kuchokera kumagawo, kutulutsa kumachita khungu, ndipo patatha maola 4, mazira oyeretsedwa amachotsedwa. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera mankhwala antifungal ku aquarium kuti muwonjezeke ana. Mphutsi pakadutsa patsiku, ndipo pakapita masiku 3-4 kupita kukadzidyetsa.

Adani achilengedwe achilengedwe

Chithunzi: Kodi barbus imawoneka bwanji?

Pali lamulo limodzi lokondweretsa (komanso lomveka bwino) lomwe ma aquarists nthawi zambiri amaiwala. Makamaka oyamba. Mwina saziganizira, kapena amakhulupirira kuti sizigwira ntchito chifukwa cha zina. Koma tsoka, sichoncho.

Mitundu ya nsomba yomwe ndi adani (opikisana nawo) ya barbus m'malo achilengedwe imakhala yomweyo kwa iye mu aquarium. Ndiye kuti, ngati mabatani mwamakani "asayanjane" ndi abambo ndi ma guppies m'madziwe otentha, ndiye kuti nawonso adzamenya nawo nkhondo ku aquarium. Makumbukidwe amtundu, palibe choti chichitike pa izi. Izi nsomba ndi adani awo a chuma, motero sangathe kukhalira limodzi.

Mdani wina wolumbirira wa barbs ndi gourami. Ngati nthawi zina zimachitika ndi amuna (m'mizinda ikuluikulu komanso modyetsa mowolowa manja) kuti agwirizane, ndiye kuti akaziona ma gourams, ma barba nthawi yomweyo amapitiliza kukonza chibwenzicho.

Mwinanso, pamenepa, mpikisano wachidziwitso unatenga gawo - chakudya cha gourami ndi chofanana ndi zakudya za barbus, chifukwa chake mpikisano wa chakudya umatha kuloledwa. Ndipo kulongosola komveka bwino bwanji! Kupatula apo, nsomba iliyonse imafuna kudya daphnia ndi nyongolotsi zam'magazi, ndipo osakhutira ndi zakudya zamtchire monga mphukira zazing'ono zazomera.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: nsomba za barus

Chiyani-chiyani, koma kutha kwa mababu sikuwopseze kwenikweni. Osatinso zachilengedwe, kapena zopanga. Asodzi a nsomba amenewa amakhala ndi chilengedwe chawo, ndipo pang'onopang'ono amadzayimira oimira mitundu yocheperako. Inde, komanso pakati pa asitikali am'madzi, mafashoni a barbs sadzatha konse - nsomba izi zimalumikizidwa mwamphamvu m'malingaliro a anthu monga chofunikira cha aquarium. Makamaka kakang'ono. Chifukwa chosadzikuza komanso kuthekera kusintha momwe zinthu ziliri, komwe nsomba zina zitha kufa, zimapangitsa kuti "mfumu" yaying'onoyo ikhale "mfumu" yamadziwe am'madzi otentha komanso oyenda pansi.

Chifukwa china chopulumukirako ndi kuwonongedwa kwakukulu kwa mazira a nsomba omwe akupikisana pazinthu zazikulu zachilengedwe (chakudya ndi malo okhala) mitundu. Nthawi yomweyo, nsomba zomwe, zomwe "tsogolo" lawo limawonongedwa mwachangu ndi achifwamba omwe ali ndi mikwingwirima, sizowononga kubzala kwa barbs. Ayi, osati chifukwa chodziwika bwino. Ndipo chifukwa choti baribus amawabisa kwambiri! Kuphatikiza apo, ndi nsomba zochepa zomwe zimatha kusaka mazira mwaluso ngati yaying'ono, koma mochenjera kwambiri komanso zachinyengo.

Ngakhale kutulutsa kwa herbicides kuchokera kuminda sikunachititse kuti anthu wamba akhale ochepa nkhawa - adasinthira kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa chothandizidwa ndi anthropogenic factor.

Barbus nyama yachilendo yomwe ili ndi mitundu yambiri, yosiyana pakati pawo osati kunja kokha, komanso mawonekedwe, moyo, komanso zizindikiro zina zambiri. Odziwika kwambiri anali Sumatran barbus - nsomba zazing'ono zamtambo zachikasu zimawonetsa zozizwitsa zakupulumuka, kuzisintha mosavuta ndi wina aliyense, ngakhale nyengo zovuta kwambiri. Zomwe zili mu vivo, zomwe zimakhala m'madzimo. Izi zidalola kuti nyama zamchere zam'madzi zizikhala nsomba zotchuka kwambiri pakati pa asodzi am'madzi, makamaka oyamba.

Mitundu ya barbs

M'malo okhala, pafupifupi theka la mitundu yonse ya nsomba izi zimapezeka: zokongola, zosangalatsa komanso zopanda ulemu. Ena mwa iwo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu wakale wa Sumatran barbus (wozindikirika komanso wofala) kotero kuti nkovuta kukhulupirira m'mabanja awo. MaCyprinid amasiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu yawo yakunja.

• Mtanda wa barbus ndi nsomba yaying'ono yokhala ndi thupi lokwera pang'ono komanso kumbuyo. Mtundu waukulu ndi mchenga wa maolivi. Pali mawanga pa izo: awiri obisika, ofanana ndi theka-owerengedwa mzere m'thupi, awiri kuyambira kumbuyo mpaka pamimba - perpendicular woyamba. Chithunzicho chimapanga mtanda. Mphepete mwa amuna ndi ofiira owoneka bwino, mwa akazi ndi otumbululuka lalanje.

• Barbus yokhala ndi mfundo ziwiri - imakhala ndi thupi lopyapyala lalitali. Mamba amayamba kuwoneka, makamaka kuwala bwino, chifukwa kumakhala ndi galasi. Pa thupi la nsomba, pali malo awiri akuda mbali iliyonse: pafupi ndi caudal fin komanso pansi pa spinal fin. Amakula mpaka 8 cm, amatha kukhala ndi nsomba zofanana. Wokongola, motero amakhala ndi chiyanjano chochepa ndi oyandikana nawo.

• Shark barbus, shark ya mpira - mmodzi wa oimira wamkulu (mpaka 20 cm mu aquarium ndi 35 cm mwachilengedwe). Ili ndi thupi lasiliva lolemera, lalitali, losesa. Maso ndi okulirapo, ndipo ndimtambo wachikasu wowoneka bwino pamtengo wozungulira. Zomwezi zilipo pamapeto a dorsal. Nsomba zimagwira, zimafunikira kampani komanso malo osambira. Aquarium iyenera kukhala yayikulu - kuchokera pa malita 180-200.

• Barbus Denisoni - ali ndi thupi loonda komanso lalitali. Mtundu waukulu ndi siliva. Pamimba, kutembenukira kukhala golide kumbuyo. Mzere wakuda kumbali yomwe imatambalala ndi thupi kuchokera kumutu kupita kumchira. Kuyambira diso mpaka pakati pa thupi pamwamba pa chakuda pali mzere wofiyira. Dorsal fin chikasu-chofiira, anal fin pafupifupi yowonekera, yaying'ono. Pa mchira pali malo awiri achikuda ndi awiri achikasu. Kuphatikiza uku kumakula masentimita 9-11. Denisoni imafunidwa pama parameter amadzi, chifukwa chake, sikulimbikitsidwa kwa oyamba kumene. Ayenera kusungidwa mu pack (osachepera 7-8 nsomba).

• Barbus wa Sumatran ndiye mitundu yotchuka kwambiri. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri, kwa hooligan kumakula mpaka masentimita 7. Thupi lokhala ndi mizere yaying'ono yam'mbuyo komanso yam'mimba. Malo anayi akulu akuda akuwoloka mbali ya lalanje. Woyamba umadutsa diso, mchira umatha. Zipsepazo ndizochepa ndi malire ofiira. Phokoso lilozedwa, komanso utoto wofiira. Barbus wa Sumatran amakonda zomwe zilipo ndipo sangathe kuyima oyandikira. Momwe mungasiyanitsire mkazi ndi wamwamuna: Amuna amakhala ndi mthunzi wambiri wofiyira thupi ndi pamimba yaying'ono.

• Gulugufe wa gulugufe, barbus wapinki ndi tinsomba tating'ono, tomwe timayimira kwambiri omwe amatalika pafupifupi 4 cm. Gulugufe ali ndi thupi lotalikirapo, chopunthira chozungulira. Mtundu wa masikelo ndi o-siliva, kumbuyo kumakhala maolivi. Malo akuda amapezeka pa thupi: yaying'ono pakati, yayikulu pafupi ndi mchira, yaying'ono pansi pamunsi pa caudal fin. Maso nawonso ndi akuda. Pali zikwangwani zachikaso pamipiko.

• Chovala cha Barbus - chimakula mpaka 14 masentimita, motero, chimafunikira malo otchedwa aquarium. Mtundu waukulu wa thupi ndi lalanje. Pamaso pake pali matanga akuda angapo. Zipsepse ndi translucent, pabuka. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi omata, opindika ngati. Chovala chofewa chimafunikira matupi ndi malo osambira.

• Barbus arulius ndi nthumwi yayikulu, amakula mpaka masentimita 15. Nthawi yomweyo, imakhalabe yamtendere komanso yosangalatsa wokhala mu aquarium. Thupi limakhala chikasu chakale. Kumbuyo kuyambira kupyapyala mpaka kumapeto, imasandulika kukhala buluu, kumapeto kwa mchira, komwe kumakhala masikelo achikasu. Ma galuwo ndi opinki. Pali mbali zitatu zakuda pambali: kumapeto kwa kolimba, kumapeto kwa mchira. Pa maluso a caudal, mawonekedwe ofiira - amodzi pa tsamba lililonse. Zomwe zili sizovuta, koma zimafunikira malo oyambira. Nsomba zophunzirira kusukulu, mumulu wa anthu osachepera 6.

• Cherry barbus - nsomba zazing'ono, zodekha, zachilengedwe zimakonda madzi osayenda. Amakula mpaka 4 cm, amakhala ndi mtundu wa lalanje wofiirira wokhala ndi chingwe chakuda kwambiri m'thupi. Kumbuyo ndikumdima, msana umafanana pang'ono ndi bwato, umayenda ndi matayala opentedwa mumdima wakuda. Makala akulu, olambulidwa ndi m'mbali zakuda. Cherry barbus imakhala moyandikana ndi nsomba zina zamtendere, zoyenera kukula.

• Barbus wakuda ndi woimira barbs mwachangu. Ili ndi thupi lakuda lokhala ndi muzzle wakuda. Thupi limafanana ndi Sumatran congener mu mawonekedwe, amangokula mpaka masentimita 7. Amakonda madzi ofunda osasinthika okhala ndi malo okhala udzu wambiri. Ndiwofunika kwa nsomba zofanana zilizonse mwa oyandikana nawo, koma ndibwino kuti musankhe omwe alibe ziphuphu zophimba ndi cheza chotalikilapo.

• Barbus wofiyira (tikto, Odessa) ndi woimira wosadzimira, wokonzekera kuyanjana ndi nsomba zamtendere kwambiri. Makulidwe - mpaka masentimita 6. Mtundu wawukulu wathupi ndi siliva, chingwe chofiira chimayenda m'mphepete mwa thupi. Mamba ake amakhala ndi mikwingwirima yamdima, yomwe imapanga mawonekedwe owoneka bwino mthupi lonse. Maonekedwe a thupi ndi omata. Zipsepse ndizowonekera, zimakhala ndi malo ang'onoang'ono akuda ndi malire woonda. Mchira wake ndi wofiyira.

• Msuziwo ndi m'maso - thupi lalitali la nsomba'li limakhala ndi mtundu wamtambo wamtambo wamtambo. Pamagalimoto okhaokha pamakhala chidutswa chimodzi chofiyira mbali iliyonse. Malo okhala ndi masaya ofiira amakula - mpaka masentimita 25. Koma chifukwa cha izi amafunika malo abwino otetemera. Asodziwo amapita kusukulu, ndipo nsomba zisanu zidzafunika malo 300 malita kapena kupitilira.

• Barbus ndi wobiriwira, mutant - mawonekedwe, kukula, mawonekedwe ndi zomwe zili zofunikira ndizofanana ndi kukangana. Kusiyanaku kumangokhala utoto: mmalo mwa mikwingwirima yakuda inayi, barbus yonseyi ndiobiriwira mwamdima. Popanda kuyatsa kwapamwamba, imawoneka yakuda. Kuwala koyenera mu aquarium kudzapangitsa kuti miyeso ya barbus mutant isanduke ndi mithunzi yobiriwira. Phokoso lake ndi lalanje, zipsepse zakuda ndi kolowera lalanje. Mchira wake ndi wowonekera, maudzu owala amakhala ofiira. Mitundu ya Mutants imasakanikirana bwino ndi mababu a Sumatran ammadzi amodzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe, kukula kwake ndi chikhalidwe.

• Barbus oligolepis - amagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba zamtendere, osapitilira kukula. Kutalika kwa thupi mpaka 5 cm, mawonekedwe - mulitali. Thupi lonse ndi siliva-maolivi mu maonekedwe, miyeso imalumikizana ndi wakuda ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Zipsezi zimakhala zofiirira zokhala ndi malire amdima. Dzina la barbus limatanthawuza "mikwingwirima ochepa." Nsombayo ndi yamtendere, yogwira, ndikuphunzira. Onetsetsani kuti mwakhala ndi zidutswa zosachepera 5 pa aquarium.

• Barbus yemizere isanu - yokhala ndi thupi lalitali lofiirira. M'mphepete pali madontho asanu akuda akuda kutalikirana motalikirana.M'mawu abwino, madothi amatha kupeza ubweya wonyezimira bwino. Nsomba zimayesedwa ngati ma hooligans akudula ziphuphu zapamwamba kwambiri kuchokera kwa oyandikana nawo. Mwambiri, barbus yanjira zisanu imatha kugwirizana ndi nsomba zamtendere kwambiri. Yogwira ntchito, imakonda nkhokwe ndipo imafuna malo osambira.

• Barbus Glofish ndiye chifukwa chaubwino wa majini. M'malo mwake, iyi ndi mtundu wamba wa Sumatran wokhala ndi mikwingwirima inayi, koma mtundu wathupi lathupi silikhala lofiirira, koma wowala: wofiyira, wobiriwira, wofiirira. Mu nyali ya ultraviolet, nsomba zotere zimayamba kunyezimira ndi kuwala kwa neon. Mitundu yachilendo imakwaniritsidwa ndikuwonjezera magawo achikuda kuchokera ku algae kupita ku chromosomes. Nsomba sizosiyana ndi nsomba wamba, koma zimaletsedwa kugulitsa kumayiko omwe sathandizira kuyesa kwa GM, komanso amakhala ndi thanzi lofooka.

• Odessa barbus, barbus wofiira - wocheperako (mpaka 4 cm), ali ndi thupi lofiira lowala ndi mawanga amdima. Mzere wakuda wakuda umatsika kuchokera kumbuyo kupita kumapeto. Barbus amawoneka ngati kuwala ndikuwala bwino. Nkhani yakomwe mtunduwo unachokera ndi yosangalatsa: mwachilengedwe, ma Odsa barbs amakhala m'madzi am'mapiri a Burma pamtunda wa 2500-3000 m. Amatchedwa Odessa chifukwa adayamba kubweretsedwa mumzinda uno, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo adafalikira pakati pa asodzi am'madzi.
• Barbus rhombocellatus - amakonda malo ochulukirapo komanso madzi odekha. Thupi ndi la pinki-peyala, kumtunda kuli mawanga anayi, ofanana ndi ma mucomboma. Zovuta zake ndizakuti nsomba izi ziyenera kusungidwa mmatumba aanthu osachepera khumi ndi atatu.

• Golden barbus - nsomba yaying'ono (imakula mpaka 9 cm), mtundu wawukulu wa thupi ndi wagolide wolemera, m'mbali mwake ndi wopepuka. Makala ali ndi malire akuda pang'ono, ndikupanga mawonekedwe pamambali.

• Barbus gracilis ndiye woyimira yaying'ono kwambiri. Imafikira kutalika kwa masentimita awiri. Imatha kukhala mwamtendere m'midzi yaying'ono yam'madzi, koma ngakhale neons sizingakwane ndi oyandikana nawo: ndizazikulupo. Thupi limasinthika ndi malo amdima kumunsi kwa mchira.

• Barbus wa dzuwa ndi wofanana ndi mawonekedwe a Sumatran ndi kukula kwake. Thupi limakhala la chikaso chofiirira ndipo ndimaso akuda pamunsi pa zipsepse zonse.

• Chovala cha azitona cha Barbus, filamentosa barbus - amakula mpaka 15 cm, utoto - imvi-siliva wokhala ndi tint wowala wa azitona kumbuyo. Pafupi ndi mchira - malo akuda mbali zonse. Dorsal fin imakhala ndi miyeso ingapo, yomwe imapangitsa kuti izioneka “yopanda pake”. Filamentoza amakonda malo ndi gulu la mtundu wawo.

Malangizo okhudza kukonza ndi kusamalira ali motere:

Khazikitsani aquarium

• Kuchuluka kwa nsomba kumadalira kukula kwa nsomba. Ndikwabwino kubzala pamodzi barbar yomwe imakwanira wina ndi mnzake kukula kwake. Voliyumu yayikulu kwa adani, mutasintha ndi zina ndi 50 malita pagulu lililonse la zidutswa za 3-4. Zoyenera - 80-100 malita, ndi kuchuluka kwa nsomba - osachepera 6-7.
• Kapangidwe ka m'madzi am'madzi ndizotheka kuti pakhale malo osambira. Kwa nsomba zazing'ono, zojambulidwa m'madzi ndizoyenera, zomwe mawonekedwe ake ndi makulidwe ochepa ndi kutalika kwakukulu ndi kutalika.
• Popeza ma barba amagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo amalumpha nsomba, m'madzi akufunika chivindikiro!
• Zowunikira ndizochepa koma zoganiza: mitundu ina ya barba imawoneka yopindulitsa pakuwunika kwa nyali yabwino.
• Filtration ndi aeration ndi muyezo, fyuluta ndi compressor amasankhidwa malinga ndi kukula kwa aquarium. Pamaso pa zinthu zamoyo, ndizotheka kupanga zofunikira kuti zikule.

Magawo amadzi

• Kutentha - zimatengera zosiyanasiyana. Mtundu wapakati ndi 22-25 ° C. Achi Sumatrian amakonda kutentha kwa 20-24 ° C. Kwa ena, madzi ofunda angafunike.
• Kuuma 4-20. Izi sizigwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamitundu yambiri.
• Acidity 7-8.
• Kusintha kwamadzi kumayenera kukhala kwachizolowezi: kwa malo am'madzi am'madzi amtundu wa Sumatran, izi zimachitika mlungu uliwonse, kwa ena okonda madamu opanda phokoso mumatha kusintha masabata awiri aliwonse. Ndikofunikira kusintha gawo limodzi mwa zisanu. Phatikizani ndi kuyeretsa dothi.

Zomera ndi dothi

• Ma baraba samadandaula kukumba pang'ono, choncho ndibwino kuti mudzaze pansi ndi mchenga wabwino kapena miyala ya mitsinje ndi kachigawo kena mpaka 4 mm. Komabe, nsomba izi sizikunena chilichonse pansi.
• Tikufuna mbewu zamoyo. Malo kuti asiyidwe mwaulere posambira. Ma barba ambiri amakonda kudya masamba ndipo amatha kudya chilichonse chomwe chimamera m'madzimo. Chifukwa chake, pazomwe zili barbara, ndikofunikira kusankha mbewu zamphamvu kapena zomwe zimakula mwachangu.

Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana

Lamulo lalikulu la osangalatsa: ayenera kukhala mu gulu la mtundu wawo. Chiwerengero cha mitundu imodzi iyenera kukhala anthu osachepera 5-6. Oimira ena sangakhale moyo wocheperako ngati kampani ya 15.

Mukamasankha oyandikana nawo, zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• Kukula kwa nsomba zonse mu aquarium ziyenera kukhala zofanana. Kuchuluka chimodzimodzi.
• Ndikwabwino kubzala nsomba zosiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi komanso zaka zochepa, osabzala kumene. Ngati nsombazo zikula limodzi, ndiye kuti mwayi wogawiliridwanso uyamba.
• Barba amakhala makamaka pakati ndipo pafupi kwambiri pansi. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zisachulukane kwambiri m'maderawa. Nsomba zomwe zimakonda kusambira pafupi ndi pamwamba ndizabwino.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito malo mochulukirapo kungayambitse mavuto oyandikana nawo: kusaka zipsepse zotupa ndi njira zazitali, kuthamangitsidwa pamaso pa odekha, kuthamangitsa osavutikira. Kukhazikika kwa oyandikana nawo kuyenera kufanana.
• Ma bar alibe zida zodzitetezera zapadera kupatula kuthamanga, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuti musadzadzaze ndi adani.

Mapholo Stolichki

Adalandira dzina lakutchulidwa la Czech (Moravian wa m'zaka za zana la 19) katswiri wasayansi Ferdinand Stolichki, yemwe adaphunzira zikhalidwe za ku Indochinese.

Kunja kofanana kwambiri ndi Barbus Tikto, nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka.

Choyambirira chachikulu ndi siliva wopepuka kapena wakuda wokhala ndi zilembo zamtali wautali kumapeto kwa mutu ndi mutu.

Amuna ali ndi ziphuphu zokongola kumbuyo ndi chifuwa - chakuda ndi chofiyira, kupumula ndi zonse zachikazi ndizowonekera komanso zowoneka bwino.

Amakula mpaka 5 masentimita, kubereka bwino ukapolo, amakhala m'gulu.

Odessa Barbuses

Adakhala ndi dzina osati chifukwa cha malo. Zinali zochokera ku Odessa zokha kuti malingaliro oyambira azamadzi agulitsidwa kokha mu 2003. Ndipo komwe nsomba zimabadwira ndi ku Myanmar, Mtsinje wa Chinduin wokhala ndi madzi osasamala kwambiri.

Thupi lamphamvu lamkati mwa thunzi lofiira. Chingwe chachitali chamtundu wa lalanje chimayambira kuchokera kumaso mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira mbali zonse ziwiri, ndipo ma karolo ena onse owala ndi amtambo wachikaso.

Kukula kwa anthu osapitilira 4-5 masentimita, pa thupi palinso mikwingwirima kapena madontho osowa.

Ziphuphu

Anthu okhala pamadzi a pansi pa Asia alinso ndi mayina ena - Everett's Barbus kapena White Clown.

Dzinali linabweretsa mtundu wowala, wofanana ndi kavalidwe ka Clown. Thupi lalikulu limafika masentimita 10 mpaka 11 okhala ndi aquarium, mwachilengedwe nsomba ndizokulirapo. Thupi lili ngati torpedo mawonekedwe komanso kuthamanga kwa kayendedwe.

Utoto wake umakhala wagolide wokhala ndi miloza yakuda yopingasa, kupendekera kumakhala kowala - pafupifupi lalanje.

Amakhala pafupifupi zaka 8. Kuyerekeza zogonana sikungakhaleko. Wamkazi amatha kutha msinkhu pofika miyezi 12, wamwamuna akamakwanitsa zaka 18.

Zida Zomera Wamiyala isanu

End End to Borneo, chilumbachi chili ku Malaysia. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'matumbo a peat komanso m'mitsinje yotuluka kuchokera kwa iwo.

Nsomba ndizing'onozing'ono mpaka 5 cm, zazimuna zimakhala zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino. Thupi lopakidwa utoto wofiirira wokhala ndi mikwingwirima isanu yakuda.

Mtunduwu uli ndi mitundu yake - Bar-Striped Barbus, kuwonjezera pa kuchuluka kwa chizindikiro, mtundu ndi mawonekedwe a thupi la anthu omwewo ndi ofanana.

Zingwe Zisanu kapena Zamizeremizere

Amasiyana ndi zomwe zidachitika kale kuti mikwingwirima yokhala ndi maolivi otuwa kapena opaka golide sapezekapo, koma palimodzi.

Mtundu wa Asia uwu ndi waukulu, nsomba zimakula mpaka 12-13 cm.kubereka mu ukapolo bwino.

Green Barbuses (Puntius)

Mtundu wachilengedwe wachilengedwe wokhala m'madzi okhala kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, omwe amatchedwanso China Barbs.

Amakula mpaka 7-8 masentimita, chiyembekezo chamoyo chili pafupifupi zaka 7.

Thupi limakhala lamtali komanso lolimba ndi mtundu wobiriwira wamtambo wokhala ndi ubweya wachitsulo, maula ndi ofiira kumapeto. Palibe mikwingwirima yopingasa.

Nsomba ikafika masentimita 2-3, imakhala yokonzeka kukhwima. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutu waimuna umasanduka wofiira.

Schubert Barbuses kapena Golden Barbuses

Uwu ndi mtundu woswana bwino womwe umapezeka podutsana ndi Green Puntiuses kapena Barbus. Makampaniwa adalembedwa ndi obereketsa waku America, a Thomas Schubert.

M'malo mwake, uku ndi kusinthika kwa Golide (wachikasu) wa mitundu ya Green. Kumbuyo kwa thupi lalitali lofanana ndi mawonekedwe (mpaka 8-9 masentimita) kumatha kukhala ndimu, golide, kuwala. Mapaulamu abwino ndi amtundu wofiyira, osati pafupipafupi, maonekedwe amdima amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana obalalika pamiyeso, mbale iliyonse ili ndi malire amalaala. Maso akulu ndi masharubu afupiafupi amathandizira mawonekedwe a chiweto ichi, yemwe amakhala m'matanthwe pafupifupi zaka 3-4. Kusatetemera kwa mitundu yosinthika kumachepetsedwa pang'ono.

Zachikazi ndi zazimuna zimakhala zosatheka kusiyanitsa. Amuna akamatamba amawoneka owoneka bwino komanso owala.

Barbs Gulugufe

Or Moths - mtundu wa ku Africa womwe umakhala kukhoti lamalamulo la ku Congo Mongal.

Awa ndi nsomba zing'onozing'ono (mpaka 3 cm) za mtundu wa siliva wonyezimira komanso wonyezimira wachikasu. Pali zisonyezo zingapo zakuda komanso zazikulu pakhungu.

Amuna ndi akazi omwe sadziwika kusiyanasiyana.

Mu chilengedwe, kubereka kawiri pachaka nthawi yamvula. Khalidwe lomwelo la kuswana limasungidwa ndi kusungidwa kwanyumba.

Mababu a Solar

Amadziwika kuti Golden Dwarf pa kakang'ono kakang'ono (sikamakula mpaka 4 cm) ndi mtundu wamafuta agolide wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda kwambiri pamunsi pamiyendo yonse yabwino.

Kwawo kwa nsomba ndi mtsinje wa Ganges, tsopano, kuphatikiza ku India, ukupezekanso ku Bangladesh ndi Nepal.

Izi ndi ziweto zamanyazi kwambiri kuti popanda gulu la anthu 8-10 zimangofa chifukwa cha kupsinjika. Fotokozerani bwino kunyumba.

Ma Bar-ofiira Amisala

Ichi ndi mitundu yayikulu yaku Asia (Mekong, Chao Phraya, mitsinje ya Mwezi).

Mu aquarium, amatha kukula kwa 20 cm, m'malo achilengedwe, anthu ndi okulirapo. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chili pafupifupi zaka khumi.

Ali ndi kumbuyo kwambiri. Thupi limapakidwa phula la siliva kapena golide, pomwe maula ndipo makamaka mchira wake umakhala wofiira.

Pokonza nyumba yawo mudzafunika malo okhala ndi malo okhala, chifukwa gulu limafunikira, anthu pawokha ndi opsinjika kwambiri.

Kubwezeretsedwa muukapolo konse sikuchita bwino. Mu malo ogulitsa nyama, mwachangu omwe amalima m'mafamu a nsomba aku Asia amagulitsidwa.

Matumba a Cuming

Mitundu ya zachilengedwe ku Sri Lanka, ikukhala m'mitsinje iwiri yokha ya Kepani ndi Kalu. Poyamba pali nsomba yokhala ndi maula ofiira, yachiwiri ndi nthiti zagolide. Anthu okhala pansi panthaka omwe amakhala kwawo komweko akuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse. Kugwidwa kwakukulu, kugulitsidwa kwa mitengo ndi kuipitsidwa kwa matupi amadzi kwadzetsa kuvulaza kwa anthu a Cuming.

Amuna ndi ocheperako komanso amawonekera kwambiri kuposa zazikazi. Koma kukula kwawo sikawirikawiri masentimita 5-6.

Mitundu yokhala ndi utoto wocheperako ndiyosowa kwambiri ndipo imawerengedwa.

Mabungwe onsewa ali ndi zilembo zakuda pazokumba kwa gill.

Ma Baram a Diamondi

Mtundu wawung'ono waku Asia, umapezeka ku Borneo, wokhala pamatumbo ndi mitsinje yochokera mwa iwo.

Amafika kutalika kwa 5 cm, ali ndi thupi lachifumu loyera la pinki lomwe lili ndi mikwingwirima 3-4 ya mawonekedwe akuda bii.

Zowoneka bwino kwambiri pakuwala, pakuwala bwino kumakhala wotumbululuka.

Tikto barbs (ofiira)

Kugawidwa mokwanira ku Hindustan - India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Sri Lanka. Amakonda mitsinje ing'onoing'ono ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi pansi yopindika yokutidwa ndi masamba okugwa.

Zoyerekeza zachikulire zimafika kutalika kwa 6 cm.Choyambirira chachikulu cha thupi ndi lalanje kapena lalanje.

Pa mamba, nthawi zambiri pamakhala malembo akuluakulu awiri - pafupi ndi zozungulira komanso pansi pamipanda ya caudal.

Werengani zambiri mu nkhani yamabampu ofiira.

Bakili Filamento

Mtundu wachi India yemwe amakhala makamaka ku Kerala. Amasankha madambo m'malo otsetsereka a mitsinje yaying'ono.

Akuluakulu amakula mpaka 12-13 cm ndipo amafunika thanki yayikulu yosachepera 400 l pagulu la anthu 4-6. Kwambiri ndi ntchito.

Thupi ndi siliva wokhala ndi pinki tint komanso chikhomo chachikulu chakuda, chomwe chili pafupi ndi maziko a mchira. Zipsepizo zakumbuyo zakumbuyo zimakwezedwa mwamphamvu ndikuwoneka bwino, zofanana ndi nthenga kapena ulusi.

Matumba Amdima

Kapena ma Purpleheads - mtundu wamapeto wa Sri Lanka omwe amakhala m'mitsinje yowoneka bwino. Zachilengedwe zimachepa kwambiri, chifukwa nkhalango zosakwana 5% zilipo pachilumbachi.

Nsomba zokongola kwambiri komanso zowala, pakufunika kwakukulu pakati pa asodzi am'madzi. Zasokedwa kwambiri pamafamu aku Asia aku Asia.

Thupi lolimba lomwe pambuyo pake limapakidwa utoto wamtambo-wa pinki, wa lilac, wofiirira komanso wopingidwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Amakula mpaka 6-7 masentimita, amuna ndi okongola komanso owoneka bwino kuposa akazi.

Amuna nthawi yakukhwima amakhala ndi utoto wofiirira, ndipo masikelo pathupi amakhala pafupifupi malasha, chifukwa mbale iliyonse imakhala ndi mkondo wakuda. Zachikazi sizimafanana nawo konse - zimakhala zachikaso.

Zilonda Zolimba

Nsomba zikuluzikulu zaku Asia (mpaka 30-35 cm), m'maiko ena zikuphatikizidwa ndi mndandanda wa asodzi. Amakhala m'mitsinje yaying'ono ya Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Borneo, Sumatra, Java.

Thupi lamphamvu, lamphamvu, lalitali la siliva, koma pamlingo uliwonse pamakhala kadontho kakang'ono, motero nsomba zimawoneka kuti ndizakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa. Mapaamu ambiri okhala ndi pinki.

Ili ndi mitundu ingapo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Kuyerekeza zogonana sikungakhaleko. Ndikosatheka kusiyanitsa pakati pa akazi ndi amuna.

Ndiwowoneka bwino kwambiri, ndipo milomo yawo yayikulu yolimba imang'amba pansi kufunafuna chakudya, ngakhale kudya algae.

Nsomba imodzi imakhala yosavuta kupsinjika, chifukwa m'madzi amisala oterewa payenera kukhala anthu osachepera 5, ndipo kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kukhala ndi malita 600.

Kunyumba, ana ndi osatheka kupeza. Pa ntchito yamalonda, Ma Bar-Hard-Lipped amaikidwa pama famu ku Thailand, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia.

Mabasi a Dawkins

Izi nsomba amatchedwanso shaded. Mtunduwu udapezeka ndi katswiri wazachikhalidwe waku England, Richard Dawkins, yemwe adaphunzira Indian biotopes.

Pali ma subspecies angapo omwe amakhala m'mitsinje yoyera yamapiri yokhala ndi matanthwe pansi ndi madzi okosijeni, komanso okhala m'mitsinje yamtsinje momwe madzi amatope amayenda pang'onopang'ono.

Nsomba zokongola kwambiri, zomwe zimakula mpaka masentimita 10-12 ndi utoto wojambula bwino. Ikuwoneka kuti ili ndi magawo awiri - pamwamba ndiowala kwambiri, golide wokhala ndi finors dorsal. Malire a semicircular mkati mwa thupi amalembedwa ndi chingwe chofiyira; pali kulowanso komweko pamamba. Koma thupi lakumunsi ndi loyera ndi pang'ono pang'ono pang'ono. Pansi pamunsi pa caudal fin pamakhala chizindikiro chachikulu chakuda, pamalo otsetsereka gill pali golide wabuluu wa neon.

Malangizo a malembedwe akulu oyimbira awiri oyang'anira amuna amuna ali ndi zikwangwani zofiira.

Zoyambira Aquarium

Makabati ndi ziweto zopanda kunyinyirika, pokonza zomwe malamulo otsatirawa ayenera kutsatiridwa:

• Sankhani thanki yokhala ndi voliyumu yokwanira kukhala ndi gulu la anthu 6-10. Kutengera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsomba, imatha kukhala yosiyana, kwa mitundu yazing'ono, 100 l ndikokwanira, kwa yayikulu nthawi zina imafunika 600 l ndipo ngakhale 1000 l.
• Kutentha + 20 ... + 25 ° С.
• Zizindikiro zotsalira za momwe madzi am'madzi amayambira sizofunika kwenikweni, ngakhale mwachilengedwe Mabasiketi amakonda acidic pang'ono (6.0-7,5 pH) ndi madzi ofewa (okwera mpaka 10 dH) gawo lalikulu. Itha kufewetsedwa ndi osmosis kapena kudutsa pa peat fyuluta.Ndi a Barbus Odessa okha omwe amakhala m'malo osungirako bwino komanso otsika kwambiri.
• Zomera ndibwino kusankha kuyandama kapena ndi mizu yolimba. Makina ena amakonda kukumba pansi.
• Malo osungirako malo sofunikira kokha kuchokera kumadzi am'madzi, komanso ma snags, miyala, zokongoletsera zojambula.
• Nsomba zimawoneka bwino pamtunda wakuda. Momwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi miyala yosasakanizidwa ndi mankhwala, basalt kapena miyala ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka 3-7 mm.
• Thanki ikuyenera kupangidwa mwanjira yoti malo owerengeka azitha kumasuka - mabatani amagwira ntchito kwambiri komanso mafoni.
• Nsomba za biotopes zachilengedwe zimakhala m'madzi oyenda, kotero kutsika kochepa kuyenera kumapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zosewerera ndi kusefera.
• Osachepera gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu a kuchuluka kwa madzi sabata iliyonse amayenera kulowetsedwa ndi yoyera, yokhazikika.
• Pafupifupi mitundu yonse yamakonda kuwala.
• Ndikwabwino kuphimba dziwe lochita kukumbiramo ndi chivindikiro kuti tipewe ma Barbs osapumako kuti atulukire kunja ndi kuwaza madzi.

Kuswana

Kusiyana kwa kugonana kwa mitundu ya Barbus kumawonetsedwa mosiyanasiyana, kwa ena amakhala osawoneka, mitundu ina yamphongo ndi yayikulu. Koma nthawi yayitali, yamphongo imakhala yowoneka bwino, yocheperako komanso yowala, ndipo wamkazi amakhala wambiri komanso wamkulu chifukwa cham'mimba.

Ma Barbus ena amatha kutha msinkhu ndi miyezi 2-3, ena - pokhapokha zaka 1.5-2. Zonse zimatengera mtundu wina.

Mitundu ya Barbus yomwe imatha kubereka mu ukapolo nthawi zambiri imakhala yosazindikira pakukula. Awiriwo amatha kusungidwa mu thanki ina, ndipo matulani a barbatnik amapezeka mumpikisano.

Mukuchulukana, kutentha kumawonjezeka ndi madigiri angapo ndikusintha kwamadzi kofewa tsiku lililonse kumapangidwa. Awiri amabzalidwa madzulo, ndipo m'mawa nthawi zambiri pansi, pomwe ndibwino kuyikamo mbewu, m'malo dothi, idzasungidwa ndi caviar.

Makanda ndi makolo osasamala omwe amadya ana, motero ayenera kumangidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Mwachangu imayamba kuwuma patsiku limodzi kapena awiri. Sangathenso kutuluka msanga, amadyera limodzi ndi masiku awiri kapena atatu.

Achinyamatawa akangoyamba kusodza, ayenera kuyambitsidwa. Kwa woyamba, fumbi lamoyo ndiloyenera, ndiye ma ciliates ndi ma rotifers, nauplii artemia amawonjezeredwa.

Mwachangu amakula msanga mokwanira, amayenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi kukula kwake kuti asamenyane.

Matenda ndi Kuteteza

Mitundu yachilengedwe ya Barbus nthawi yayitali imapirira kwambiri. Chitetezo chokwanira chimachepetsedwa pang'ono pakuberekana ndi mitundu yosinthika.

Zambiri mwazomwe zimachitika ndi ziweto zam'madzi izi zimaphatikizira matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kuphwanya zofunika kukonza:

• Mavuto ndi m'mimba. Amachokera ku kususuka ndi kudya kwambiri, komwe kumapangitsa kuti kunenepa kwambiri, kuchepetsedwa chitetezo chokwanira, komanso kusabereka. Ichthyologists apeza kuti Barbus ali ndi chakudya chokwanira patsiku, chomwe chimapanga pafupifupi 3% ya kuchuluka kwake. Ndikwabwino kutsitsa tsiku kamodzi pa sabata, pokhapokha ngati ziweto zizisungidwa.
• Matenda a kumaliseche. Mwa akazi, zotupa ndi ma cysts a ovari nthawi zina zimachitika. Zifukwa zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu. Katswiri wodziwikiratu ndi amene angathandize pano.
• Dermatomycosis. Uwu ndiye mliri wa nsomba zam'malo onse. Tizilombo timene timayambira mu tanki timakhala ndi chakudya chosakwanira, kuphwanya malo okhala, chifukwa kuchepa kwaukhondo kwa madzi am'madzi. Matenda monga fin and gill rot, ichthyophthyroidism (semolina) amachitika. Mankhwala, obiriwira wa malachite, Bicillin-5, Biomycin, Rivanol amawonjezeredwa ndi madzi.

Zosangalatsa

Mitundu yambiri ya Barbus nthawi zambiri imatha kubala komanso kubereka ana atsopano okhala ndi mitundu yosangalatsa.

Mabakiteriya amadabwitsabe akatswiri azamauta komanso am'madzi okhala ndi mitundu, mawonekedwe, kukula, mawonekedwe ndi luntha.

Kuchokera kumatenda, kuchokera kupsinjika, ndi zaka, mtundu wowala umatha kutembenuka ndikusintha kwathunthu.

Asitikali am'madzi aku Russia kwa nthawi yoyamba adayamba kusamalira ziweto izi mchaka cha 1946.

Barbus wosakwatiwa amakhala wamanyazi m'malo osungira nyama, amabisala mwala, komanso, monga lamulo, amafa mwachangu kwambiri. Gulu la anthu angapo limasewera ndi prank mosangalala.

Mitundu ina ya Barbus ndi ma aquarium centenarians enieni ndipo amakhala zaka zoposa 10, mwachitsanzo, Shark balu.

Pomaliza

Barbus ndi nsomba yogwira komanso hooligan. Amakhala wotanganidwa nthawi zonse ndi chinthu: chimapendekera m'mitsinje yamakono, kuzungulira zokongoletsera, kudya kapena kukumba mbewu. Kuwona nsomba ndizosangalatsa. Chimalimbikitsidwa ngati ziweto zoyambirira za ana: ndi odzikuza ndipo amatha kudzutsa chidwi komanso chidwi chowonetsetsa komanso kusamalira.