Nsomba zamtundu wa Garfish, zomwe chithunzi chake chokha chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri, ndizodabwitsa kwambiri kukhala m'madzi. Nsagwada zake ndi zazitali kwambiri moti zimafanana ndi mlomo wa mbalame. Ndipo popeza ali ndi mano ang'ono komanso owala pakamwa pake, asodzi ambiri amayerekezera nsomba zam'madzi ndi pike yodziwika bwino komanso ndi pterodactyl. Tikukumbukira kale za nsagwada yake ndiye mulomo wa dinosaur yemwe watha. Thupi lake limakhala lokwera, ngati singano ya nsomba. Mbali yodziwika ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndi mafupa ake obiriwira. Ndipo msuzi wophika ku nsomba izi umakhala ndi pistachio hue. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa phosphorous m'thupi. Malilime achabechabe amalankhula, ngati kuti nsomba zam'madzi zimawalira mumdima. Koma sikuti phosphorous yomwe imapatsa nsomba zamtengo wapatali, koma biliverdin - pigment yapadera ya bile yomwe imasokoneza mafupa obiriwira komanso ziwalo zamkati.
Pali chovala chovulaza konse. Osati zokhazo: nsomba iyi ndi yokoma kwambiri. Pansipa timapereka maphikidwe a mbale kuchokera pamenepo.
Kodi nsomba ili kuti?
Sukuluyi ya nkhosa ndiyofala kwambiri m'madzi otentha a kum'mawa kwa Atlantic. Pafupipafupi, imatha kugwiridwa ku White sea, pagombe la Iceland, Norway, ndi Peninsula ya Kola. M'chilimwe, ku Southern Primorye ndi Peter the Great Bay, Strongyiura anastomella, kapena Pacific larkfish, amagwidwa muukonde wa asodzi. Chithunzichi chikuwonetsa kuti ndi wosiyana ndi abale ake a Black Sea ndi Azov okhala ndi lingwe la siliva wabuluu lomwe limayenda nthawi yayitali kuchokera mbali ziwiri. Komabe, nsagwada, zomwe zimakhala m'magawo atatu a kutalika kwa mutu, zilipo.
Mbedza za ku Pacific ndi thermophilic, zomwe zimapezeka makamaka pagombe la Japan ndi Korea. Nsombazo zimakonda madzi ambiri, ndipo nthawi zabwino zokha zimafika pamwamba. Zovala zonsezi zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino aerodynamic. Thupi lalitali ngati singano limatha kukula mwachangu. Posaka utsi, nsomba imadumphira m'madzi ngati nsomba yowuluka. Amadyetsa kwambiri hamsa ndi mackerel ang'ono, pambuyo pake amasuntha nthawi yayitali.
Nsomba za Garfish: katundu wopindulitsa
Omega-3 mafuta acid, iodini, phosphorous, chitsulo ... Kodi ndiyenera kupitiriza mndandandawu kutsimikizira phindu la nsomba motero? Ndipo kupenya anyama kumakhalanso ndi zopindulitsa zake. Choyamba ndi kufalikira. Ngakhale pali malo ochepa m'dziko lathu (kupanga malonda kumachitika mu Nyanja ya Azov ndi Nyanja Yakuda), nsomba zikugwira. Chifukwa chake mtengo wotsika wamtunduwu. Ngati tingakwanitse kugula nsomba ndi nsomba ku tchuthi, ndiye kuti titha kukhala osangalala chovalacho tsiku lililonse.
Kuphatikiza kwachiwiri kwa nsomba iyi ndikuti ili ndi mafupa ochepa. Ngakhale ndizotsika mtengo, ndizowoneka bwino zamafuta. Nyama ya nsomba simangokhutira mwangwiro. Muli zinthu zothandiza za omega-3 zomwe zimanyowetsa khungu ndi khungu lotere. Mzere wa mavitamini a B umasintha magazi. Imateteza mitsempha yamagazi kuti isamasuke, imathandizira kukhala ndi mtima wathanzi, komanso imalepheretsa oncology.
Malo ogona
Izi ndi mitundu yamalonda. Amugwidwa kuyambira Epulo mpaka Novembala pa intaneti. Asodzi achisawawa amapita kunyanja m'bwatomo kapena bwato ndikuwawedza ndi ndodo yopopera. Mtunduwu umamera mchaka, mazira amatha, kutengera kutentha kwa madzi, pa tsiku la 10-30. Malki mwamtheradi samawoneka ngati akulu. Makhalidwe awo "mulomo" amakula kokha kumapeto kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo. Asodzi a nsomba amafika masentimita 94 kutalika, koma zofananira zokhala ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu zimadza mu ukondewo. Amakhala achikulire chaka chachisanu cha moyo. Ndipo nsomba zimakhala pafupifupi pafupifupi zaka khumi ndi zitatu. Asodzi a Nyanja Yakuda nthawi zambiri amachitcha "pike panyanja" ndipo amayamikiradi mtunduwu chifukwa cha kukoma kwawo kosazolowereka. Zouma, mchere, kuphika, kuwotchera ndi kukazinga.
Garfish ngati chakudya
Nsomba imeneyi imakhala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono omwe amatuluka bwino m'thupi. Koma kuti mum'patse ndi mowa, simungathe kuyeretsa komanso osadzimata. Ingolowetsani mitemboyo mumchere ndikuchoka kwa mphindi makumi awiri. Kenako timawakhomera pansi ndikuwalola kuti alimbikitse pafupifupi theka la tsiku. Koma chosangalatsa kwambiri cha nsomba zam'madzi ndi ma sprats. Baltic zakudya zamzitini ndizotsika mu chakudya ichi. Si anchovichi, koma nsomba zam'madzi!
Kodi kuphika "zophuka" zotere? Tengani nyama yakufa yapakatikati, kumata matumbo, chotsani mutu, zipsepse ndi mchira. Dulani chovalacho kukhala zodula (masentimita asanu). Timadzaza nsomba ndi mizati (i.e. vertically) mu saucepan yakuya yopapatiza. Onjezani nandolo zingapo za tsabola, masamba a bay, uzitsine mchere. Kenako, dzazani onse ndi mafuta a masamba kuti aphimbe nsomba imodzi. Timayika mbale pamoto waung'ono ndikuphika pansi pa chivundikiro kwa pafupifupi maola atatu. "Spats" zoterezi zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi choko, ndi Borodino mkate, pansi pa vodka.
Nsomba za Garfish: maphikidwe a mbale zotentha
Koma kukoma kwa munthu wokhala mu Nyanja Yakuda sikufotokozedweratu pang'onopang'ono. M'misika yam'mwera yansomba, nsomba zonse zouma ndi zosuta zimagulitsidwa. Koma izi sizothandiza aliyense. Koma nsomba zomwe zimakonzedwa mu marinade sizingasiye aliyense wopanda chidwi. Kilo ya nsomba imatsukidwa, kumatumbo, imathiridwa mchere ndi kukazinga mu mafuta a masamba. Valani mbale. Mwachangu supuni zitatu za ufa mu poto yokazika kwambiri mpaka zonona. Thirani theka la kapu yoyera yoyera, acidize ndi mandimu kapena viniga. Onjezani rosemary, tsabola, mchere. Thirani kapu ina yamadzi ndikuphika msuziwo mpaka unene. Mmenemo, nsomba zam'madzi zimayilowetsedwa kwa mphindi zosachepera khumi. Timawaphikira mbale iyi ndi mbale ina iliyonse komanso mkombero wa mandimu.
Garry yokazinga ndi yophika
Nsomba iyi, monga tafotokozera kale, ili ndi mutu wopingasa, wofanana ndi mlomo wodya nyama inayake yam'madzi. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi uwu ndikuwuphika wophika wonse, ndi mutu. Nenani, ichi si nsomba, koma chomaliza pterodactyl. Timaphimba pepala kuphika ndi pepala kuphika, kudzoza mafuta ndi masamba. Timapotoza chovalachi ndi chotsekera ndi mphete, ndikuyika mchira m'malaya apamwamba. Mchere, kuwaza ndi zonunkhira za nsomba. Pomaliza, kuwaza ndi mafuta a masamba. Ikani poto mu uvuni wamoto. Tiphika pakadutsa madigiri makumi awiri ndi mphambu makumi awiri.
Shargan Shkara
Chakudya ichi chimakondedwa kwambiri ndi asodzi achi Crimea. Scara ndi magawo awiri a anyezi otchedwa, omwe pakati pawo pali nsomba yam'nyanja. Garfish ndi woyenera kusankha mbaleyi. Tiyeni tiyesetse kukonza njira yodyera. Kwa iye, chovalacho chimakhala chowotcha, n'kupukutira, ndi kukoloweka mano, ndikuwazidwa mu mafuta a maolivi kwa masekondi 20 kuti atenge. Kenako timitengo timatengedwa, ndipo pakati pa mpukutu uliwonse timayikamo maolivi olembetsedwa ndi mandimu. Mu mtundu wa "nsomba" wanthawi zonse, mumatha kudumphadumpha ndikutsuka ndikusesa nsomba, ndikudula mzidutswa. Kenako, dulani mphete za anyezi. Ziyenera kukhala zochuluka. Tetezani pansi pa poto ndi mafuta a masamba, wokutidwa ndi mphete za anyezi. Tiziika nsomba pa iwo (munthawi yakudya) - ikani masikono ndi maolivi kumtunda. Mchere ndi kuwaza ndi tsabola ndi zitsamba (rosemary ndi marjoram). Pamwamba ndi tchipisi tachitatu, batala wozizira kwambiri - osati wambiri. Ndi kuphimba mbale ndi mphete za anyezi. Kuti tithandizire ntchito yoyendetsera, timathira madzi poto. Kabatiyo uyenera kudalilidwa pansi pa chivundikiro kwa pafupifupi mphindi 20.
Nsombazi ndi zabwino kuzikola, popeza zilibe mafupa. Sizingatheke kuyipukuta kwathunthu, chifukwa nsomba ndi yayikulu.
- Dulani nsomba m'magawo. Mchere pang'ono.
- Pereka mu ufa.
- Mwachangu mu mpendadzuwa mafuta mpaka golide bulauni.
Nsombazi ndizokoma kwambiri, zili ndi nyama yanthete komanso khirisipi. Nsomba zotere zitha kupelekedwa ndi saladi wa masamba atsopano.
Chinsinsi cha Barbecue
Shkara ndichakudya chowumitsa chomwe sichiri chosavuta kuti chikonzekere.
- nsomba - 700 g
- anyezi - 3 ma PC.,
- maolivi - ma PC 10,.
- mandimu - 1 pc.,
- batala - 100 g,
- tsamba la Bay - 4 ma PC.,
- zonunkhira, mchere ndi tsabola.
- Gutani nsomba ndikugudubuza mozungulira pogwiritsa ntchito mano.
- Chotsani zest kuchokera ku ndimu ndikudula pakati. Mangani azitona ndi mandimu.
- Sungunulani chidutswa cha batala mupoto wina, onjezani tsamba la Bay, lotentha kwa mphindi 1-2.
- Mwachangu nsomba mu masamba mafuta kwa mphindi 10-12 mbali iliyonse. Chotsani mano a mano, chovalacho chizisunga mawonekedwe ake.
- Dulani anyezi kukhala mphete. Ikani theka pakati pazovala poto, ndikuyika mphete kuchokera chovalacho pamwamba.
- Ikani ma azitona okhala ndi mandimu mu mphete iliyonse. Onjezani zonunkhira ndi mchere kuti mulawe.
- Ikani batala pang'ono pa mphete iliyonse. Kuwaza ndi zotsalira za anyezi ndikuthira m'madzi pang'ono.
- Imitsani kabati pamoto wotsika kwa mphindi 20. Chophimba chizikhala chotseka.
Mbaleyi imanunkhira bwino komanso imakoma.
Garfish nsomba ndi masamba
Nsomba pilo yamasamba nthawi zonse zimakhala zathanzi komanso zowutsa mudyo.
- nsomba - 800 g
- kaloti - 3 ma PC.,
- anyezi - 5 ma PC.,
- tomato - 7 ma PC.,
- mafuta masamba - 75 ml,
- paprika, tsabola, mchere.
- Dulani nsomba m'magawo komanso mwachangu mpaka golide wagolide.
- Kuphatikiza kaloti bwino, kudula anyezi kukhala mphete, ndi tomato m'magawo.
- Mwachangu anyezi ndi kaloti. Stewato phala lina.
- Ikani theka la ndiwo zamasamba mu poto yayikulu, kuyikapo nsomba, ndikuyikika ndi zonunkhira. Ikani masamba otsalawo pa nsomba.
- Stew kwa mphindi 20.
Tumikirani ndi mpunga kapena mbatata.
Zakudya zochokera ku garfish zimakhala ndi kukoma ndi fungo lapadera, motero muyenera kuti nthawi zina mumadzipatsa nokha nsomba.
Amatchulanso pike ya kunyanja kapena godwit, singano zina zosinthanitsa, ndipo anthu am'derali amadzitcha mphuno.
Garfish ndi gulu lowerengera ndipo ndi la banja la garfish. Kuzindikirika ndi mkondo wake wamtambo, wowoneka ngati mkondo. Nsagwada zimadaliranso, zimakumbukira mulomo wa mbalame, mano amakhala pafupipafupi komanso akuthwa, okhala mawonekedwe. Komabe, mano amangokhala pamwamba, nsagwada yakumbuyo imatuluka pang'ono. Palibe mano.
Garfish imapezeka mumtundu wamtundu wobiriwira, kumbuyo kwanu mumatha kuwona mtambo wakuda wamtali wautali, ndipo mbalizo ndizoponyedwa ndi greenery ndi tint yasiliva. Kutalika pafupifupi 40cm, oposa 60cm. muNyanja Yakuda, nsomba zamatchire ndizodziwika kwambiri, ku Azov - zimapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe. Gulu la garfish likufika kugombe la Crimea kumapeto ndi kukhalabe mpaka mwezi woyamba wozizira.
Msombazi umakhalabe ndi moyo mpaka pafupifupi zaka 17-19, umakhala wachikulire wazaka 5 kapena 6, umayamba kuchuluka chaka chilichonse kuyambira pa Epulo mpaka pa Okutobala 15. Yaikazi imayikira mazira mu mwamba mu magawo angapo. Nthawi zina imagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi, pomwe caviar imalumikizidwa ndi kunja. Amakhulupirira kuti algae kapena zinthu zimateteza mazira nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mauthengo ngati omwe amaphatikizika amalepheretsa kutulutsa zipatso zantchito. Mkazi aliyense amatha kuikira mazira 48,000 pa nyengo.
Msodzi ndi nyama yomwe imadyera nyama, kuthamangitsa nyama mwachisawawa. Nthawi zina chisangalalo chothamangitsa chimamukakamiza kuti adumphe madzi. Zosungirazo ndi nsomba zazing'ono ngati zikwangwani kapena singano zam'madzi.
Masiku asodzi amatha masiku am'madzi, ndipo mumdima mumakwera.
Kusodza
Mukuwedza si chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwidwa ndi maukonde kapena maukonde. Nyama ya nsombayi ndi yokoma, ngakhale mafupa obiriwira amatha kuchenjeza amayi. Osadandaula, uwu ndi mtundu wawo wachilengedwe. Chovalacho pachokha ndichabwino munjira zonse - mutha mwachangu, kuwaza, kuphika, koma chilichonse. Makamaka amakonda nsomba zouma zouma bwino.
Kwa asodzi amateur omwe amangofuna kuwedza kuti azingokhala ndi zosangalatsa kapena masewera okha, garfish siyofunika kwambiri. Zowona, asodzi ena amatha kuugwira bwinobwino atakhala m'mabwato, pomwe kusinja sikuchita nawo. Kaya ndi chingwe chokhala ndi nsomba zomwe muli ndi zingwe zomwe mungagwiritse zingwe ndi zingwe zamitundu yambiri. Simuyenera kuchita kuphatikiza zingwezo ku ulusi - mano akuthwa kwa garfish amathinikizidwa kotero kuti nsomba zimatha kutulutsidwa motero.
Zachidziwikire, pofuna kupeza khutu lokoma kapena chakudya chamowa kapena mozungulira, nsomba zamtchire zimatha kugwidwa. Malo omwe ali komweko akuwonetsa komwe kukusonkhanako nsomba zapadera, kutengera nyengo, nthawi ndi nyengo.
Ndimafuna kudya nsomba, chisankho chinali chabwino.
Ndipo nthawi zonse ndimafuna kuyesa chatsopano. Amadziwika kuti nsomba, ku Bulgaria garfish, m'malingaliro athu, singano ya nsomba. Amawoneka ngati singano.
Sindinadye izi, ndipo tsopano kudabwitsidwa kudandidikira.
Kubweretsedwa kunyumba, kuphedwa, monga momwe timayembekezera.
Mbatata zowonjezera, kaloti ndi tsabola waku Bulgaria. Chilichonse chimatsanulidwa ndi mafuta a azitona komanso mu uvuni.
Chilichonse ndichosavuta!
Ndipo saladi wake, wonyoza.
Nsombazo zidakonzeka mwachangu.
Adakhala pansi kuti adye. Ndipo kudabwitsidwa kudandidikirira. Atasokoneza nsomba, anawona kuti mafupa ake anali obiriwira.
Kunena zowona, ndinachita mantha ndikuganiza kuti simuyenera kudya.
Ngakhale amamva kununkhira!
Ndinalemba pa intaneti: "nsomba zimakhala ndi mafupa obiriwira." Ndipo izi ndizomwe zidachitika:
"Mu nsomba zam'madzi, monga nsomba zina zam'madzi, monga eelpout, mafupa amakhala obiriwira kapena obiriwira owala. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndikuti chinthu cha pigment chofanana ndi biliverdin, utoto wa utoto, chimayikidwa m'mafupa, khungu, mamba, kunyezimira kwa zipsepse za garfish. bile ndiye mankhwala achilengedwe amtunduwu. "
Kuphatikiza pa mafupa obiriwira, zonse zidasangalatsa.
Kodi mwakumana ndi nsomba yokhala ndi mafupa obiriwira?
Nsagwada ya kumtunda kwa ana ndi yochepa kwambiri: nsomba mu 20c kutalika kwake, pafupifupi 1/4 ya kutalika kwa nsagwada yam'munsi. Ndi zaka, nsagwada yapamwamba imakulitsidwa kwambiri, komabe imakhalabe yofupikirapo kuposa m'munsi. Zipsepse zazifupi ndi ma anal za laparazi zimakhala kutali kwambiri mchira womwewo. Malipiro a caudal ndi mafoloko. Pafupifupi pamimba pamadutsa mzere wooneka bwino wowoneka bwino. Ziphuphu zazing'ono zam'mimba zimakhala pamimba. Kumbuyo kwa chovalacho kuli kwamdima, kwamtambo wobiriwira, mbali zake ndi zasiliva. Ili ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri, yotalika masentimita 94, kutalika kwa thupi ndi 70-75 cm.
Sargan ndiwofala m'madzi ofunda pang'ono kuchokera kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera kwa Europe ndi North Africa: kuchokera ku Cape Verde kupita ku Iceland ndi Norway. M'madzi a Russia, imapezeka m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yakuda, Nyanja ya Azov (makamaka kumadzulo kwake) ndi Taganrog Bay, nthawi zina imadutsa gombe la Kola Peninsula ndi White Sea.
Garfish ndi gulu la nsomba zam'madzi. Masana, monga lamulo, chimasungidwa m'madzi akuya kwambiri, ndipo usiku wamdima, wamtendere umadzuka wokha. Nthawi zambiri, nsomba yam'madzi imasambira mothandizidwa ndi maondo ngati thupi lake lalitali, koma imathanso kuponyera mikwingwirima mothamanga kwambiri. Pakakhala mantha kapena kufunafuna nyama, larkfish nthawi zambiri imadumphira m'madzi, ndikupanga kulumpha kwakukulu. Nthawi zina amaponyedwa kunja kwa madzi ndikuti adumphe zopinga zomwe zikuyandama pamwamba. M'malo am'nyanja, nsomba zimapezeka chaka chonse, koma pofunafuna chakudya zimapanganso kusamuka kwakukulu. Mu Nyanja Yakuda, kayendedwe ka nsomba kamene kamagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusuntha kwa hamsa, chomwe ndiye chakudya chake chachikulu pano. Chapakatikati potsatira hamsa, nsomba zamtundu wakuda zimalowa mu Nyanja ya Azov. Samasiyanso kudya nthawi yobzala. Kuphatikiza pa hamsa, nsomba zina zing'onozing'ono, komanso ma invertebrates ena, amakhala nyama yake.
Garfish nthawi zambiri imatha msamba mchaka chachisanu kapena chisanu ndi chimodzi cha moyo ndipo imachulukana chaka chilichonse; anthu okhwima pazaka zitatu. Mpheta imazungulira mchaka kumtunda wina kuchokera pagombe mozama mamita 12-18. Caviar wasesa mbali, kotero kutalika kumatambasuka kwambiri ndikupitilira muNyanja Yakuda kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Okutobala. Nsomba zochuluka kwambiri kuyambira pa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Ogasiti. Mazira ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mulifupi wa 3-3,5 mm amawaika pachilamba ndi chilichonse choyandama. Dzira lililonse
Yokhala ndi ulusi wama 60-80 m'malo mwake, womwe umalumikizana ndi algae. Chonde mu mitunduyi ndi mazira 30-45. Kutengera ndi kutentha kwa madzi, kukula kwa mazira kumatenga masiku 10 mpaka milungu 4-5. Mphutsi zoyambirira mu Black Sea zimapezeka koyambirira kwa Juni. Amasungidwa m'madzi apamwamba kumtunda kwa gombe. Mphutsi zimasiyanasiyana kwambiri ndi nsomba zachikulire zomwe zili pachibwano chawo chochepa.Chakumapeto kwa chaka choyamba cha moyo, tinsalu ting'onoting'ono tomwe takhazikika ndikuyamba mawonekedwe omwewo timasunthira kuzama.
Nsombazi zimakhala zaka zopitilira 13, komabe, anthu azaka 5-9 amapezeka muzibambo. Sargan ndi mtundu wamalonda, ngakhale mafupa ake ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira chifukwa cha bile pigment biliverdin yomwe ilimo. Ilinso ndi tanthauzo lachuma mchenga lathu la Azov-Black Sea.
M'chilimwe, kuyang'ana kowoneka bwino m'madzi athu ku Gulf of Peter the Great ndi gombe la Southern Primorye - nsomba zamtundu wa pacific(Strongyiura anastomella). Nsomba zodziwikiratu zomwezi ndizofala kunyanja zikatsuka magombe a Japan, Korea ndi Northern China, zimafika kutalika kwa 90cm ndipo zimasiyana ndi mitundu ina ya garfish ndi Mzere wokongola wamtali wa siliva wamtali wodutsa mbali iliyonse.
Nsomba. - M: Astrel. E.D. Vasilieva. 1999.
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SARGANI - (Beloniformes), chosindikiza cha nsomba-chofiyidwa (onani BREEDFISH FISH). Amadziwika kuchokera ku Eocene (onani EOCENE KUDZICHEPETSA). Mabanja anayi ndi mitundu pafupifupi 150, yogawidwa kwambiri m'madzi ofunda a World Ocean ndi matupi amadzi abwino, m'magawo apamwamba amadzi. Onse sarganobraznye ... Dictionaryedic
Habitat Yachilengedwe
Mutha kukumana ndi garfish munyanja zambiri, makamaka ngati madzi amakhala otentha nthawi zonse. Ku Russia, ndiye gombe la Taganrog Bay komanso gombe la Black Sea, nthawi zambiri - Azov ndi White Seas.
Nthawi zambiri mumatha kukumana ndi muvi pafupi ndi North Africa kapena kumwera kwa Europe. Asodzi omwe anali ndi mwayi wopita ku Cape Verde kuti akapeze zikho zina, ndi mwayi pang'ono, chimphona chochokera kubanja chino chidzakumana, chifukwa kuchokera ku Norway kupita ku Ireland ndizomwe zitsanzo zazikulu zimapezeka. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, garfish trophy (pang'ono kupitirira mita) anagwidwa m'malo awa.
Around nsomba
Chakudya chachikulu cha nsomba zam'madzi ndi hamsa. Maonekedwe a muvi mu Wakuda kapena Nyanja ya Azov amayanjana ndi kusamuka kwa nsomba yaying'ono iyi - nsomba yam'madzi imayesetsa kudya zomwe amakonda. Kuphatikiza pa hamsa, nyama yomwe imadya sichimanyoza nthumwi zina za nsomba zazing'ono, njala imakukakamizani kuti mupite kukafunafuna ma invertebrates.
Mwa nsomba zokopa nsomba:
- payipi,
- atherin
- achinyamata mackerel
- kachilombo,
- malovu.
Chithunzi 1. Anchovies kapena hamsa - chokoma kwambiri cha nsomba.
Pofikira chandamale chokoma, nsomba zimayamba kuthamanga kwambiri, ndikukuwonjezera pang'ono pang'onopang'ono. Kutengeka ndi kusaka, muvi umatha kudumpha modabwitsa pamwamba pamadzi, womwe umasiyira mwayi kuti nyama ithawe.
Momwe misika imakhudzira chovalacho
Ngati nsomba ya garfish imakhala m'malo otetezeka - m'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, sizimasuntha, ikusankha kukhala malo amodzi. Chokhacho chomwe chingapangitse kuti muvi usamuke mtunda wautali ndikuyang'ana chakudya.
Otsatira omwe amakhala ku Nyanja Yakuda amakonda kusewera nthawi yomweyo, hamsa itasamukira ku Nyanja ya Azov (izi zimachitika kumapeto kwa chaka), garfish imatsata chakudya chomwe amakonda. Chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira, nthumwi zaNyanja Yakuda zimayesa kukhala pafupi ndi gombe la Crimea, zomwe zimaloleza asodzi kuti azisaka chaka chonse kuti akhale ndimunthu wokoma komanso wachilendo.
Chithunzi 2. Nsombazo zinafika pafupi ndi gombe.
Mikono ndi kuthinana - zomwe mungasankhe posaka nsomba zam'madzi
Ngakhale asodzi a novice amadziwa bwino kuti sizoyenera kupita kukawedza poganiza kuti angagwire nsomba yokongola ndi bulu - sipadzakhala chanzeru kuchokera ku nthawi yopumula ya adani omwe akuchitika mozama. Zomwe mungasankhe pakupambana nsomba za boom? Kumbukirani kuti kuvutikaku kuyenera kukhala kwamphamvu komanso kwamphamvu, apo ayi zikuluzikulu zazikulu za chovalacho zingang'ambe mzerewo mosavuta ndikuphwanya ndodo yopyapyala. Chofunika kwambiri ndi mafunde am'nyanja ndi mphepo zamphamvu - zimawononganso mosavuta magiya asodzi, osankhidwa molakwika.
Chithunzi 3. Usodzi wanyanja.
Gawo la mtanda wa leash siliyenera kukhala osachepera 0,3 mm. Kutalika kwake ndikofunikira - motalikirapo, kufupikirako mtunda kumakhala. Ndikwabwino kutenga nsomba kuti igwire - pafupifupi posawoneka m'madzi ndikukhala yokhazikika.
Momwe mungapangire zida zamagetsi mukanyamuka? Chinthu choyamba chomwe chiyenera kukhala pali swivel katatu (). Ndibwino kuti musatenge wamkulu, wokwanira nsomba za boom ndi sing'anga. Nthawi yomweyo, mtundu wa usodzi umayenda bwino kwambiri, chifukwa sizitenga nthawi yochulukirapo kutiikenso zina.
Asodzi omwe amakonda kuwedza ndi kupota angayese mwayi wawo kugwiritsa ntchito. Kusodza kwachikhalidwe sikubala zipatso - kapangidwe ka kamwa ya nsomba zazikulu kwambiri kuluma pachabe. Chinanso ndi chakuti nyama yolusa ikamayamwa zitsulo mkamwa mwake, nkhomayo imaponyera chinthu choopsa komanso chokaikitsa. Asodzi othandiza amalolera kuchita bwino - pakubwezeretsa pang'ono amalumikiza tayi ndi nyambo ya supuni. Atametsa nyambo, nsomba nthawi yomweyo zimameza mbedza.
Zosavuta, koma zamphamvu ndizodziwika kwambiri pakuwedza zinyalala. Nyama yaiwisi, nyongolotsi yam'madzi kapena nyama yongogwidwa kumene amagwiritsa ntchito nyambo. Muvi wabwino umatenga (nthawi zambiri umakhala wosaphika, koma ungatenge wophika).
Zosangalatsa! Asodzi odziwa ntchito ali ndi njira yodabwitsa yosodza. Kwa izi, zokowera sizofunikira - m'malo mwake, zingwe zopota ndizomata zolumikizidwa ndi chingwe chodziwedza. Ndikokwanira kuti nyama yakudya yosusuka yosilira ikopedwe ndikumeza nyambo yokongola - ndikosatheka kuyigwetsa, ulusi umangiririka pakati mano ambiri. Nthawi zina msodzi, wokondwa ndi nyama yabwino, sangathe kuchotsa burashi wazingwe, osankha kudula ndi mpeni.
Sargan ndi nsomba yosangalatsa, koma siokonda nsomba ambiri amene amatchuka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chamithunzi yachilendo ya mafupa, yomwe ndiotetezeka kwathunthu kwa thupi la munthu. Okhazikika owona okha ndi omwe amadziwa zodzikongoletsa izi, ali okonzeka kukhala tsiku lonse akuchita zosangalatsa zomwe amakonda, ndipo zosangalatsa izi zidzalandiridwa bwino kwambiri!
Mawonekedwe onga amtambo wa chovalacho amakulolani kuti musunthe mwamphamvu kudzera m'madzi otuluka. Poona nyama, nsomba yolimba mtima imeneyi imatha kudumphira m'madzi ndikupeza othamanga ndi liwiro, ndipo ngati ichita mantha, imalumphira chopinga chilichonse ...
Kodi nchifukwa chiyani msodzi ayenera kusamala za mdani wamtunduwu? Momwe mungapiririre pakamenya nkhondo komanso kukopeka mtima - mudzazindikira posachedwa ...
1. Kufotokozera kwathunthu kwa chovalacho
Banja la sargan limayimiridwa ndi mitundu 9 ya mitundu, yoposa 25 mitundu. Sargan ndi amodzi mwa anthu okhala m'madzi okhala ndi thupi lopatsa chidwi. Thupi lokhazikika limakutidwa ndi miyeso yaying'ono ya siliva. Yakhala ndi nsagwada zazitali. Kumbuyo kuli kupindika.
Predator-garfish imakhala ndi mano ang'ono komanso owala, ndikumulola kuti azigwira nsomba zazing'ono panthawi yosuntha.
Biliverdin omwe amapezeka mu mafupa (a bile bile wobiriwira) amawapangitsa kukhala mtundu wobiriwira.
Mbiri yaku Israeli
Koma, mu Novembala 2018, msodzi wa amateur amateur wotchedwa Vyachedlav adakana izi. Kukula kwa masentimita 107 kutalika ndi kulemera magalamu 1635 kunagwidwa pafupifupi 9 koloko m'malire a nyanja ya Sironit ku Netanya. Mbedza zazikulu zimatulutsa nyambo. Nayi malipoti a chithunzi cha munthu wokongola uyu.
Jambulani chogwirizira Vyachedlav ndi chogwira
Komabe, izi ndizowerengeka, ndipo anthu wamba kwambiri ndi omwe amafikira 70 - 75 cm ndipo wolemera mpaka 1,3 kg.
Palinso chinanso, mwachitsanzo, m'malo otentha pamakhala woimira wamkulu wa buluzi - ng'ona, mpaka kukula kwa 180 cm.
Chiyembekezo chamoyo sichikhala choposa zaka 13. Nthawi zambiri anthu ochokera zaka 5 mpaka 9 amapezeka.
Kubereka - nthawi ndi mawonekedwe a kubzala
Nsombazi zimafika ku msambo mchaka chimodzi zakubadwa zaka 4 - 5. Kutalikirana kumatha kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti. Nsomba zimapezeka pafupi ndi gombe. Mazira ali ndi ulusi womata womwe umamatilira kuzomera zam'madzi. Kutentha kwabwino kwa kucha kwa mazira amakuwonera ngati kutentha pamwamba pa madigiri 10. Garfish imatha kutulutsa mazira pafupifupi 15,000, oyimilira akuluakulu - mpaka 50 zikwi. Mphutsi zimasambira m'malo a m'mphepete mwa madzi. Mosiyana ndi akulu, mapangidwe a chibwano amakhala afupikitsa. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, amatenga kachulukidwe kamtambo ka nsomba zazikulu.
5.3 Ndi malo abwino ati oti mugwirepo nsomba
Mtunda wabwino kwambiri wam'madzi umaganiziridwa kuti ndi wa 40 mpaka 100. Mphepete mwa nyanja, mabatani, matanthwe a coral ndi mabatani. M'madzi otsika, nsomba zam'madzi zimabisala m'malo otetezedwa, ndikudziphimba ndi silt mpaka kuya. Kusodza pa scythe kumakupatsani mwayi woti muchoke pagombe.
Malo odalitsanso ndi mafunde a surf, omwe amapita kunyanja kwamamita ambiri patsogolo.
Kusodza m'matanthwe kumatha kukupatsani mwayi wopeza nsomba zam'madzi, chifukwa sizowopsa m'malo ngati amenewa.
- nthawi yosodza - m'mawa kwambiri,
- kutalika kwakutali
- poyendetsa madzi mwachangu
- Kubweretsa gombelo molimba ndi ndodo yonyamula kuti ikatulutse m'madzi,
Njira 4 “Kugwira pamtengo ndi mbedza”
Kupotokola kwamanja:
- 0,25 mm
- ngalawa yolemera 10 - 15 g imakhala yolumikizidwa mbali imodzi, mbali inayo - mphete ya fakitale yokhala ndi,
- kutalika kwa 10 - 15 masentimita kuchokera pa mphete yokhazikitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa 3-4 cm ndi mainchesi a 02 mm ndi tinthu yaying'ono,
- Pambuyo 10 masentimita, leash yokhala ndi spinner yoyera yoyera imalumikizidwa,
- ndiye kutulutsa ndi tulo kachiwiri.
- kuluka kumachitika pamadzi,
- Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pamakhala ndi chikaso.
Njira 5 “Kulanda Mtengo wa Khrisimasi”
- pa leather - 4 kapena 5 cm, kukonza 2 - 3 oscillating baubles kapena mormyshki ndi mbedza ziwiri,
- siliva.
- nyambo zosaposa 3 cm,
- kudumphadumpha pamtunda wa 20 - 25 cm
- kutseka sipinachi yopapatiza - 100 - 110 cm
- lembani nyambo zasiliva
Njira 6 “Kusodza”
Carbon CHIKWANGWANI kulimbana mpaka 8 m kutalika:
- kapena,
- nsomba yopendekera ndi mulifupi wa 0.18 mm,
- chimango chachikulu ndi tinyanga yayitali,
- chowala (maolivi) chopangidwa ndi polystyrene chimamangiriridwa ndikuyandamitsa,
- sinker - pellet imamangirizidwa kumapeto kwa chingwe chodziwombera komwe () kupindika kotalika (0.15 mm mulifupi), kutalika kwa 25-30 cm,
- mbedza Na. 4 - 6 ().
- kuyandama kumasulidwa ku akuya 1 - 1.5 m,
- mutha kugwiritsa ntchito choyandama ndi cholembera chokhazikika,
- ndikotheka kumangoyandama kumapeto kwa chingwe chodziwombera ndikudumphira pamtunda wa 1 mita kuchokera pamenepo.
Njira 8 “Kulanda Bombard”
Kulipira mpaka 4 m ndi mtanda 10 - 40 g:
- (0.32 - 0.35 mm) kapena 0,15 - 0,20 mm,
- kulumikizana. 6.7 (chopendekera kumbali ndi mkono wautali),
- ikani mtsogoleri wazomangitsa pamzere wapausodzi, kuti akonze bomba la 10-40 g,
- pambuyo pama bombally to put and,
- 2 m khalani zolimba kumalire a usodzi.
- okhala ndi zoponya zazitali zosiyana, kutengera nyengo ndi nyengo,
- gwiritsani 0.1 mm
- choyambirira muyenera kuthana ndi vuto popanda kubayidwa, kokha ndi bomba,
- muyenera kupukuta chingwe chansomba, chifukwa choponyacho chimapangidwa popanda nyambo,
- mukasodza, losesani pang'onopang'ono ndi matalikidwe akulu,
- mukamagwiritsa ntchito chingwe, kulumikizana kumachitika ndi dzanja lokha.
Kanema watchuka wamomwe angagwire nsomba zam'madzi - gawo 1
5.7 Momwe mungalume nsomba
Nsomba yamphamvu, imakonda kumenyera. Kuluma motsimikizika: amamwetsa chakudyacho, nameza nyamboyo mwadzidzidzi ndikuikingira m'madzi. Osathamangira kukakola kuti mbedza isamire. Komabe, ndi usodzi wogwira - muyenera kulumphira mwachangu. Pambuyo mbedza pa iyo iyamba kukoka. Mukamamenya nkhondo, pamakhala nkhondo pamadzi. Pofika kumtunda, motsutsana mwamphamvu.
5.8 Kugwira nsomba zam'madzi? - Njira zoyambira
- ndikuluma kwaulesi, kudula kumachitika ndikudikirira kwa masekondi angapo, kuletsa sipinote kuti ibwere pansi.
- m'madzi osaya, kuponya ndi kutalika kumakhala ntchito (kuwedza ndikulowa m'madzi),
- kusodza m'malo a miyala ndi kowopsa chifukwa miyala ili ndi malo oterera. Kuti muchite izi, ndikwabwino kugwira madzi. Khola lakhazikika pa lamba,
- kuti ukonde wobwera usasokoneze mkati mwa njirayi, ndi bwino kuusungira kumbuyo kwanu.
- mukusodza ndi mchenga pansi, khola silofunikira. Gombe ili limakulolani kuti mugwire nsomba ndi dzanja lanu ndikuchotsa mu mbedza,
- pangani zida zopizira, kuyambira m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kenako masentimita m'malo omwe nsomba zimasonkhana,
- kuthamanga kwa waya kumathamanga, kulola sipiniko kutuluka m'madzi,
- wolusa atadulidwa, mawaya sayenera kuyimitsidwa, chifukwa nkotheka kutsatira gulu lankhondo,
- posakhala kuluma, sinthani spinner kukhala mtundu wina.
6. Zosangalatsa, zachilendo, zoseketsa za nsomba
Njira yosangalatsa yosambira ndikutsata thupi lanu losasintha. Idumphira m'madzi kwambiri. Amayandama kwambiri.
Pofunafuna nyama kapena zoopsa (zamantha) amatha kudumpha mopingasa m'njira. Anthu akuluakulu amatha kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa asodzi pamabwato kwakanthawi.
Mitundu yamtundu wobiriwira imayamba chifukwa cha biliverdin (utoto wobiriwira wa bile) mthupi, womwe umakhala wowopsa kwa ma gourmet. Nsomba ndizabwino kudya.
9. Maulalo othandizira kwambiri okhudza nsomba
https://ru.wikipedia.org/ - mafotokozedwe ambiri a nsomba za garfish pa Wikipedia,
http://masterok.livejournal.com/3029616.html - cholembedwa chachikulu pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya garfish yokhala ndi zithunzi zambiri zokongola,
HTTP://fishinginrus.ru/stati/na-rybalku/lovlya-khishchnoy-ryby/chto-po-vkusu-sarganu?SHOWALL_1=1 - nkhani yothandiza pakubata nsomba, ndi zida ziti ndi momwe mungagwirire bwino, ndi zithunzi.
Ili ndi mawonekedwe osazolowereka - thupi lotalika lotalika komanso nsagwada zazitali. Chifukwa cha chinthuchi, chimatchedwa kuti nsomba muvi. Chili m'gulu la nsomba za bony, banja la garfish. Pafupifupi mitundu makumi awiri ndi isanu ya nsomba zodabwitsa izi zimawerengedwa.
Nsomba za Garfish: malongosoledwe
Garfish imawonekera osati ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera, komanso mtundu wa fupa la vertebral mu green (mitundu yambiri). Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa ena kuti asagwire, koma pachabe: mtundu wachilendo wa fupa ndiwowoneka bwino womwe suwononga kukoma kwa nyama. M'malo mwake, nsomba imakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, zida zambiri zaluso zitha kuzikonza.
Imakhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu kwambiri komanso yayitali kwambiri yokhala ndi mano osalimba omwe amakhala ndi zilombo zambiri. Zipsepse za dorsal ndi anal zimakhala pafupi ndi mchira womwewo, ndipo mzere wotsatira ndi wotsika, pafupi ndi m'mimba. Thupi lophimbidwa ndi mamba ochepa kwambiri, ndipo utoto wake umatengera ma subspecies:
- Pazowoneka kwambiri - European (wamba) - kumbuyo kobiriwira ndi mbali zasiliva zobiriwira, mzere wakuda utadutsa kumbuyo konse. Kukula kwakukulu komwe amafika ndi 90 cm.
- Nsomba zam'nyanja yakuda. Zimatengera mtundu wamitundu yodziwika bwino ku Europe. Zinsomba za ku Nyanja Yakuda ndizochepa (mpaka 60 cm).
- Giant (ng'ona) imakhala ndi siliva wokhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira. Imakula mpaka ma 2 metres, kulemera kwakukulu ndi kilogalamu 6.
- Pacific kapena Far East - mwini masikelo ang'ono wokhala ndi bampu yolira kumbuyo, kumimba - siliva. Kukula kwa Far East mpaka mita 1 kutalika.
- Mtambo wakuda - siliva wowoneka bwino wokhala ndi mikwingwirima komanso malo amtundu wa ancedacite mchira, umafika 50 cm.
Msodzi wamba umakhala wazaka pafupifupi 13.Kugwira anthu amaonedwa ngati azaka za 5-8. Amasambira mwachangu kwambiri ndipo amadumphira m'madzi kuti apewe ngozi, zikavuta, kulowa usiku. Pakhalapo nthawi zina pomwe nyama yolusa imadumphira mwanjira imeneyi idapangitsa udzu waukulu kwa munthu.
Habitat
Garfish, kupatula mitundu ingapo yamadzi oyera, ndiyam'madzi. Chimakhala munyanja ndimadzi ofunda pang'ono. Ku Russia, ndi Nyanja Yakuda, Taganrog Bay, Nyanja ya Azov ndi Nyanja ya Japan. Makatoni amapezekanso m'mphepete mwa Nyanja Yoyera. Adasankhanso madera akumadzulo ndi kumwera kwa Europe ndi North Africa. Anthu akuluakulu kwambiri, opitilira mita, amapezeka pano, m'madzi am'mphepete mwa Cape Verde, Norway ndi Iceland.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zam'madzi zatsopano zomwe zimakhala m'malo osungirako kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia chili ndi mawonekedwe amthupi, mtundu wobiriwira ndi siliva komanso kakang'ono kakang'ono - mpaka masentimita makumi atatu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake imasungidwa m'madzi am'madzi. Riboni amakhala kumadzi otentha ndipo amakhala munyanja. Mapulogalamu ena asankha matanthwe a coral kuti azikhalamo.
Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi
Ngwazi yathu imakhala m'matumba. Zimayandama pamtunda wamadzi wapamwamba. Sanasankhe kwambiri chakudya: tinsomba tating'onoting'ono, crustaceans, tizilombo, ngakhale mwachangu cha abale ake sioperewera. Masanjidwe onse amadziwika ndi kusamuka kwakanthawi. Mbedza zamtundu wakuda zimasamukira kumadzi kumapeto kwa mvula
Nyanja Yakuda kupita ku Azov ya hamsa - chakudya chomwe mumakonda. Pofika nthawi yophukira, amabwerera ku Nyanja Yakuda. Ndipo Pacific idanyamuka kuchokera ku Korea mchilimwe kukayamba ku Primorye. Amuna amatha kutha msinkhu ndi zaka 5 za moyo, zazikazi - patapita pang'ono, wazaka 6.
Kutalikirana ndi kuswana
Kuchulukitsa kwa nsomba kumayamba mu Epulo ndipo kumatha mu Ogasiti. Akazi nthawi zonse amakhala pafupi ndi malo, kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse, amasankha malo obisika m'matanthwe komanso pakati pa masamba am'madzi. Algae ndikofunikira osati kokha maski: mazira amalumikizidwa kwa iwo ndi zingwe zomata.
Caviar ili pafupi ndi madzi. Kutentha kwa madzi komwe kumapangitsa kupanga mwachangu kuposa madigiri 10. Wamkazi mmodzi amatha kuyikira mazira 15 mpaka 50,000.
Makina okhala ndi zibwano zazifupi, mosiyana ndi akulu. Akamakula, nsagwada zimakula mpaka kukula.
Moti ndi komwe angamugwire, mwachangu?
Pafupifupi, nsomba izi zimachitika pongotulutsa komanso pofunafuna chakudya. Magulu a nsomba zazing'ono kumalo osungirako miyala, m'mphepete mwa miyala, miyala imakhala nyambo yabwino kwa iye. Mtunda woyenera kwambiri wasodzi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi 40-100 mita.
Nyanja, madzi akaphwa bwino, mutha kuwasaka kuchokera kumayendedwe apamadzi. Nthawi yozizira, nibble ndiyabwino tsiku lonse. Ndikwabwino kuwedza nsomba m'madzi osaya usiku komanso m'mawa. Kuluma kwabwino kwambiri kumachitika m'dzinja ndi masika, ndikumapumira pang'ono, pafupifupi, mpaka mita 1, funde ndi kutentha kwamadzi kupitirira madigiri 10. Nsomba yaying'ono mum nyengo yotere imayandikira pafupi ndi gombe, ndipo ngwazi yathu imatsatira.
Mudzagwira sargan m'mphepete mwa gombe, m'mayilo, mabatani ndi m'matanthwe a coral. Pakuyenda kocheperako, amakhala ndi chizolowezi chodzikonzera yekha pamtunda kuti akuya mita imodzi m'dera lokwanira. Kusaka kopambana kumatha kukhala malo anyanja, kuwedza miyala, gawo lamadoko.
Malo omwe malo omwe akutsikira pang'ono pamochepera amakopa nsomba zochepa, chifukwa chake nsomba zathu.
Izi zimagwidwa ndi nyambo yaying'ono:
- Maggot.
- Nyongolotsi zam'nyanja.
- Nsomba mwachangu.
- Chingwe cha nsomba kapena nkhuku (kudula pakati 4-5 cm)
- Shirimpi
- Nereis.
Zinyambo zokumba ndizoyeneranso: ma baubles, osambira, mphutsi za silicone. Kuchokera pagombe, otchuka kwambiri akuwedza ndi ndodo yosodza (kutumphuka) ndi ntchentche yolemedwa ndi "bomba". M'malo otseguka, njira zabwino ndizogwiritsa ntchito tycoon komanso popanda mbewa ndi usodzi wa ntchentche. Ena amasaka ngakhale pansi pamadzi. Pachifukwa ichi, wetsuit wapadera adapangidwa.
Kumbukirani kuti nyama yamtunduwu imakhala m'madzi apamwamba ndipo imatha kuwona bwino magwiridwe anu onse ndi zida. Amasamala komanso amanyazi, ndiye kuti mzerewo uyenera kukhala wochepa thupi komanso nyambo pafupifupi ikusambira. Muyenera kubisa mbeza mu nyambo. Nthawi zina kuluma kukadayambiranso ngati asodzi "ayamba kubisalira."
Kanema wokhudza nsomba zam'madzi am'nyanja:
Nsomba zamtundu wa Atlantic m'madzi a Nyanja Yakuda nthawi zambiri zimakula mpaka 70 cm ndikufika pamtunda wa 300-400 g.Uyu ndi nyama yodya nyama, chakudya chachikulu chomwe chili ndi tinsomba tambiri, makamaka ferina - nsomba yofanana ndi hamsa (mwasayansi - atherina). Maonekedwe, nsomba zimafanana ndi mtanda pakati pa nsomba ya singano ndi eel: thupi lalitali, lotanuka lomwe lophimbidwa ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono a siliva. Mbali yodziwika bwino ndi mlomo wapamwamba kwambiri wa chibwano, chokhala ndi mano ang'onoang'ono, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti chiwoneke ngati nsomba kapena marlin. Ndipo ngakhale ili yocheperako mpaka kukula pamlingo wam'madzi am'mwera, ikhoza kupikisana nawo mwamtopola komanso mosatha kusaka nyama.
Kusodza kwa barbecue pagombe la Black Sea kumayamba pafupifupi mu Julayi ndipo kumatha mpaka chisanu mu Novembala - Disembala. Ngati nthawi yotentha, nsomba zimangogwidwa nthawi ndi nthawi, ndipo ngati lamulo, osati lalikulu, ndiye kugwa, zilonda khumi ndi ziwiri za nsomba zimagwira. Inali panthawiyi pomwe magulu owerengeka a nsomba adayamba nthawi yosaka kwa ogula, omwe adasunthira m'masukulu akuluakulu dzulo madzulo. Msodzi waung'onoting'ono, wam'kati mwa masentimita 7000 ndiye nyambo yabwino kwambiri pa "Nyanja Yakuda", monga momwe nsomba zimatchulidwira nthawi zambiri, chifukwa chake, kusaka nsomba kumayambira pakusodza nsomba. Ferina amagwidwa mothandizidwa ndi nyambo, ndodo yosambira yoyandama (nyambo ndi kagawo ka mussel, shrimp) ndi mini-samodur (zibowo ziwiri No. 2.5 - 3 malinga ndi gulu la ku Russia, lomwe limakhala ndi ulusi woyera, ulusi wowala).
Kupezeka kwa nkhuku mdera lansomba ndi imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakusodza kopambana. Magulu a ferina amapezeka mosavuta akung'ambika pamadzi, nsomba zimakonda kupota milu, kubaya, kusuntha. Nthawi ndi nthawi, munthu amatha kuwona momwe phokoso limaberekera mwadzidzidzi m'gululo, nsomba zimathamangira kumayendedwe, komanso mithunzi yobiriwira imawala m'madzi. Palibe kuwotchera apa - nsomba yamaluba yabwera! Nthawi zambiri, oyambitsa msambo amakopa nkhuku, kuponyera nsuzi, nsomba ndi chakudya china m'madzi. Nthawi zina nsomba zimasungidwa pasadakhale ndi kuzizira kunyumba. Koma, monga mukudziwa, chilichonse chatsopano nthawi zonse chimakhala bwino kuposa kuzizira.
Mukamasankha malo oti muzisodza nsomba, ndikofunikira kulabadira chinthu chimodzi chofunikira. Ngati munabisamo pier, nthawi zambiri mumatha kuwona kuti gombe limasiyanitsidwa ndi nyanja yotsekeredwa yomwe imabisidwa pansi pamadzi, koma osati kwambiri kuti singathe kunyalanyazidwa. Chidwi chopangidwa ndi chabwino kusambira, kugwira ma gogo, koma nsomba zam'madzi zambiri zimakonda kukhala munyanja. Koma nsomba zimachitanso chimodzimodzi. Chifukwa chake, ngati mukufuna kugwira nsombayi, yiyang'anireni kuseri kwa bwalo, munyanja, kapena kumalo komwe wobetera kulibe.
Chifukwa chake, tilingalira kuti mwasungitsa ferina, tsopano ndi nthawi yolankhula za zida zamagetsi. Sargan amagwidwa mothandizidwa ndi "chowongolera" komanso kugwiritsa ntchito choyandama poponya nthawi yayitali. M'njira zonsezi nyambo ikuyenera kukhala pakati pa 0,5 - 1m kuchokera pamwamba pa nyanja - ndi malo awa omwe madzi amatayira zinyalala.
Chida cha chingamu cham'nyanja ndi chofunikira kwambiri, chimasiyana ndi chikhalidwe mwanjira yaying'ono koma yofunika. Pamalo pomwe lealing imayambira kuchokera pa chingwe chachikulu chodziyimira, thovu lomwe limayandama kukula kwa khomo lavinyo limamangiriridwa kuti lisunge nyambo mumadzi oyenera. Kutalika kotsukako kukhale pafupifupi mita 1, ndikofunika kuwalumikiza ndi mzere waukulu wophera nsomba pogwiritsa ntchito swivel. Mabau nthawi zina amalemera ndi pellet yaying'ono kuti nyambo igwe pansi mwachangu. Chokocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino yaying'ono (No. 67) chokhala ndi mkono wautali komanso lakuthwa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mbedza 4 mpaka 8 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa gulu la zotanuka. Nsombazo zimabzala kumbuyo kwa msana, ndipo kulumidwa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi machitidwe oyandama - amayamba kugwera pansi ndikungopindika.
Maonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi kuwedza ndikuwotcheredwa ndi zida zazitali kapena zofanana ndi "masewera". Kuti muchite izi, mufunika ndodo yayitali ya 35 m (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito machesi kapena Bologna imodzi), chingwe chosakanizira kapena chochulukitsa, chingwe chachikulu chokhala ndi mainchesi 0, 25-0, 3 mm kapena chingwe mpaka 0, 15 mm ndi mita ya mainchesi ang'ono, "machesi" amayandama ndi tinyanga yayitali ndi chowira choterera "maolivi." Ngakhale mano a garfish ali akuthwa, sindikukumbukira kuti mlanduwu utadumpha kuchokera kumalire a usodzi, chifukwa chake sichothandiza kugwiritsa ntchito tondovu. Kukhazikitsa kwa kuyandama makamaka ndikungoyenda, ndikosavuta kuponyera. Thupi lalitali limalilola kuthana ndi funde laling'ono, ndipo likaluma, nsomba imakhala yotsalira. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, popeza, atagwira wogwidwayo ndi "mulomo" wake, nsomba zimapitilirabe kusuntha, ndikumiza ndi kumeza nsomba. Ngati akumva kukana kwambiri chifukwa chomwa ndi madzi osamva kapena ogontha mwamphamvu, akhoza kusiya nyamboyo. Inde, kutengera mphepo ndi kukula kwa mafunde, ndizomveka kusintha zida za ndodo yosodza: kulemera kapena kupepuka. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito nyambo ya "nyambo yamoyo" yoyandama yokhala ndi kunyamula mpaka g 15. Komabe, ngakhale mkuntho wamphamvu, garfish sigwidwa. Mukaluma, chifukwa kapangidwe ka kamwa ya garaki, simuyenera kuthamangira mu mbedza, chifukwa sizingatheke kuti mubole mphuno yake ndi mbedza. Ndikofunikira kuwonetsa ndikulola nsomba kumeza nyambo. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga masekondi 20 kuti muchite izi.Ngati nthawi ikutha ndipo kulibe kuluma, yesani kusewera ndi zovuta: pang'onopang'ono mumizereni mzere wa usodzi, pangani ndodo yofunda pang'ono.
Gulu la nsomba zimayendayenda m'mphepete mwa nyanja kufunafuna nkhuku, motero nthawi zina kuwedza kubwato lomwe limayamba kukokedwa nthawi zina kumakhala kukugwiranso. Chodziwika mwa nsomba za banja la a Sarganova ndi mtundu wobiriwira wa mafupa, omwe amakhulupirira kuti amaphatikizidwa ndi zomwe zili ndi phosphorous yambiri. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba izi pachakudya sikukuvulaza konse, kuposa pamenepo, garfish ndiyokoma kwambiri.
Garfish kapena wotchedwa muvi. Dzinalo lodziwika limatsindika kuonda komanso kutalika kwa nyama. Thupi lake limakhala ngati nthiti, ndipo mphuno yake yayitali imakhala ngati singano. Nsagwada amatseguka ngati mulomo. Mkati mwake, mumakhala mano ndi lakuthwa komanso owonda.
Maonekedwe ndi achilendo, ndipo kukoma kwake ndikabwino kwambiri. Shargan ali ndi nyama yoyera, yoyera komanso yofewa. Pali mafupa osachepera. Chifukwa chake, asodzi samasokonezeka ndi "kutopa" kwazing'ono kwa nyama. Ngati mukudula muvi koyamba, ndizosangalatsa kuyang'ana osati mawonekedwe ake okha. Wokhala m'madzi amakhala ndi mafupa obiriwira.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a chovalacho
Sargan - nsomba chigaza. Pali cartilage, mwachitsanzo, ndi. Nsomba zoyipa zimagawidwa kukhala mizere yayikulu. Garfish imaphatikizidwa ndi "bony lenileni." Chinsinsi chake chimatchedwa - "garganoobraznye". Banja limatchedwa sarganov. Oimira ake amadziwika ndi:
- Mulingo woyenera komanso woonda komanso m'mphepete, wotchedwa cycloid
- zipsepse zopanda misewu ndi ma ray owuma
- Ziphuphu za anal ndi zam'mbuyo ndizoyang'anizana, chimodzi pamwamba ndi china pansi, pafupifupi mchira
- mzere wofananira umapezeka kwambiri pamimba ya nsomba kuposa kumbali
- chikhodzodzo cha kusambira chimasiyidwa ku dongosolo logaya chakudya, kupereka cholozera
Biliverdin amapereka mtundu wobiriwira kwa msana wa garfish. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamitundu ya bile. Mankhwala ndi chinthu chowola m'maselo a m'mafupa a m'mafupa.
Kutenthetsa, mafupa a garfish amasintha kukhala obiriwira
Biliverdin amakonda zosasangalatsa. Komabe, sipakufunika mafupa a garfish. Mafupa, mwa njira, amakhala obiriwira panthawi ya kutentha.
Bileverdin si poizoni, ngakhale imawopseza ambiri ndi mtundu wake. Utoto wa chovalacho kuchokera pamwamba umaphatikizanso wobiriwira. Kumbuyo kwa nsomba kumawataya. Mmbali ndi m'mimba zake ndi siliva.
Momwe matupi amadzi amachitikira
Pali mitundu 25 ya nsomba m'banjali. Anthu awiri amakhala munyanja. Madzi abwino ngati 5 okha. M'malo otentha kwambiri mumakhala mitsinje ndi mitengo yosanja. Asitima apamadzi am'madzi komanso malo otentha amakonzera nsomba zam'madzi.
Mitundu yamadzi oyera imagwidwa ku Ecuador, Guiana ndi Brazil. M'madzi awo mumakhala mitundu iwiri. Ena 2 amakhala m'malo okhala ku India, Ceylon ndi Indonesia. Usanu wachisanu wa nsomba zam'madzi zatsopano zomwe zimapezeka kumpoto.
Nsomba zonse zam'madzi abwino ndi nsomba zam'nyanja sizikhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso zimakola mumchenga pazovuta kwambiri. M'chithunzithunzi gulu lankhondo Nthawi zina nsonga ya mphuno yakumaso kapena mchira womwe umamatirira m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Mukamasankha malo apansi, gulu lankhondo limakonda zovuta. Monga lamulo, arrowfish imapezeka pafupi ndi miyala. Kutali ndi iwo ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mitundu yazokha ya nsomba zam'madzi, mwachitsanzo, ngati riboni.
Mitundu ya nsomba
Mwa mitundu 25 ya ngwazi yankhaniyo, madzi abwino kwambiri. Komabe, nsomba zonse za muvi ndizochepa. Komabe, chimphona chimodzi chimakhala munyanja. Ndi ichi timayamba kuwerengera mitundu:
1. Mamba. Imafika kutalika kwa mita 2, komwe imatchedwa chimphona. Dzina lina lanyama ndi pike la chipolopolo. Mosiyana ndi zovala zambiri, thupi la ng’ona limakutidwa ndi mamba olimba. Amapanga mpumulo wofanana ndi khungu la ng'ona. Chimphona chimalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 6.
2. Wachizungu. Imakula mpaka masentimita 60. Nsomba zimadzaza ku Atlantic, kukumana pagombe ndi Old World. Kuyenda ku Mediterranean, nyamayo imalowa kupita ku Nyanja Yakuda. Garfish imawonetsedwa m'magulu osiyana. Amatchedwa kuti - Nyanja Yakuda. Garfish uyu ndi wocheperako pang'ono kuposa anthu ambiri aku Europe. Kumbuyo kwa chinyama kuli mzere wakuda.
3. Pacific. Ku Russia amatchedwa Far East. Imapezeka kumadzi akumwera kwa Primorye, makamaka, munyanja ya Japan. Nsomba zimafika mita kutalika. M'madzi a Primorsky Territory, nyamayo imadyetsa mafuta ndi kunenepa, ikusambira kumeneko kokha chilimwe. Mikwingwirima yamtambo imatha kuwoneka kumbali za chovala cha Far East.
4. Madzi oyera. Pansi pa dzinali nsomba zamadzi zatsopano zonse ndizogwirizana. Iwo samatambalala masentimita oposa 30. Izi, kuphatikiza ndi chizolowezi chamadzi abwino, zimakupatsani mwayi woti musunge nsomba mumivi. Popeza nsomba zazikuluzikuluzikuluzi zimadya nyama, sikuyenera kuchita kukola zazing'onoting'ono kwa iwo. Mivi imakhala ndi ma cichlids akuluakulu.
5. Mbedza zamtundu wakuda. Ili ndi malo ozungulira kamvekedwe ka mchira. M'mphepete mwa nyamayo pali mikwingwirima yopingasa. Kutalika kwake, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lakuda amafikira masentimita 50. Dzina lachiwiri la mitunduyo ndi Mbedza zakuda .
M'masiku a Soviet, nsomba zam'madzi zamtundu wa Black Sea zinali m'gulu la atsogoleri asodzi. Pofika zaka za zana la 21, kuchuluka kwa mivi yaku Russia kwatsika.
Zopatsa thanzi komanso moyo
Thupi loonda, lomwe kenako limapanikizika komanso lalitali la ngwazi yankhaniyo likuwonetsa mayendedwe ngati funde. Nsombazo zimasambira ngati njoka zamadzi.
Garfish amasambira kumtunda kwamadzi, ndiye kuti ndi a nsombagic. Mivi yambiri ndi gulu. Mukusonkhana masukulu zikwizikwi, nyama zimapanga liwiro la makilomita 60 pa ola limodzi. Chizindikirochi chikufanana ndi mtundu wa mapikidwe osaka. Komanso ndi magulu ankhondo ofanana.
Pogwira kumtunda, gulu lankhondo limatha kupuma. Ntchito zamapapu zimayamba kugwira ntchito yotulutsa mivi. Kusintha kumachitika m'madzi osakhala ndi okosijeni kapena nsomba zikaikidwa m'mchenga.
Pazakudya, nsomba zamtunduwu ndizosavomerezeka, zimagwira nsomba zazing'ono, mazira, tizilombo, ma invertebrates, ngakhale abale awo. Mivi iyi imawonekanso ngati pikes.
Kudya kosasankha ndi zina mwazinthu zomwe zimalola nsomba zamtunduwu kukhala ndi moyo kwa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri. Nsomba yokuta
Usodzi
Usodzi zosangalatsa komanso zoopsa. Mano okhala ngati singano am'madzi amakhala ndi mabala owawa. Mphuno yolimba komanso yolimba ya nyamayo ikhoza kuboola thupi. Zimakhala zotheka mwachangu. Popeza takhala ndi liwiro lathunthu, nsomba imatha kuwombana ndi anthu awiri:
- Kuchita mantha ndi kuwala kowala. Zochitika zimachitika usiku kukasodza kapena kungoyenda zombo zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi kusefukira kwamadzi. Powawaona, nsomba yokhala ndi khungu imadumphira m'madzi mwachangu.
- Opunthwa pa chopinga. Ngati chiweto sichinazindikire kutali, chimayesera kudumpha, ndikuwuluka pamwamba pamadzi. Kuuluka, singano imaba zinthu ndi zolengedwa zomwe zimagwera mnjira.
Mutha kudula singano mukasodza kuchokera pagombe. Makatoni amagwidwa kuchokera kumtunda wa 40-100 metres. Muyenera kutenga amene wagwidwa pansi pamutu panu, ngati njoka. Nyamayo ikasokosera, kuyesa kuluma. Sanjani mosamala singano yomwe yadula mbewa ndi makulidwe pansi.
Mutha kugwira ngwazi ya nkhaniyo osati kuchokera pagombe, bwato, komanso pansi pamadzi. Polemekeza nsomba muvi, ngakhale wotchuka wetsuit. "Garfish" okonda kuponya mikondo amaphatikizira "oyambira 10 abwino kwambiri pamsika wapakhomo." Kwenikweni, wetsuit sikhala yekha. Pansi pa dzina lodziwika bwino "Sargan" mitundu yopitilira 10 imapangidwa.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Pakaponya caviar, garfish imasankha makina pakati pamatanthwe, pakati pamadzi am'madzi, osagona. Amuna azaka 5 zakubadwa ndi akazi azaka 6 ayamba kubereka. Uku ndi kutha. Nsomba zachikale, ndizomwe zimatenganso masewera amasewera.
Akazi amatulutsa mazira kangapo ndi masabata awiri. Kuyambira mu Epulo, kutulutsa kumatha kokha pofika August.
Algae amafunikira osati mazira okha. Makapisozi amamangiriridwa pazomera pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi. Caviar wa garfish amapezeka pafupi ndi pamwamba.
Nsomba za Arrow zimabadwa theka sentimita ndipo zimakhala ndi nsagwada zazifupi. Mphuno imatalika pamene nyama ikukula.
M'madzi am'madzi, nsomba zamtchire zimakhala zaka 4. Chifukwa chake, uwu ndi m'badwo wa mivi yamadzi oyera. Mwachilengedwe, zimakhala zaka 7, kuyambira kutomera kale kuposa mitundu ya nyama zam'madzi. Amakhala zaka 13.