Mkango wam'nyanja ndi anthu okhala m'madzi a banja losindikiza. Mkango wam'nyanja udatchedwa dzina chifukwa chofanana ndi mikango yakunyanja. Phokoso lomwe limapangidwa ndi nyamayi ndi lofanana ndi mikango ya ku Africa, kuwonjezera apo, mitu yawo imatha kuphimbidwa ndi mikanda yayikulu ya shaggy. Mkango wam'nyanja uli ndi mawonekedwe owoneka ngati thupi, ndi a ma pini. Ngakhale kuli ndi thupi komanso kulemera kwakukulu, nyamayi ndi yolimba komanso yosinthika. Kutalika kwa thupi kumatha kufika mita angapo.
Kukhazikika kwa mikango yam'nyanja
Kodi mkango wanyanja umakhala kuti? ? Chinyama cham'madzi chimakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi nyanja, amasankha m'mchenga kapena miyala. Zopezeka zochepa zomwe zimapezeka m'mitengo yofunika. Dera lokhala ndi mikango kumadalira mitundu yake:
- Mikango yaku Australia - Kumadzulo ndi Kumwera kwa Australia
- Mikango Yakumwera - Madzi a Nyanja ya South America,
- Kawonedwe ka California - North Pacific,
- New Zealand view - Magombe a Auckland, zilumba zomwe zili ku New Zealand,
- Mawonekedwe aku kumpoto - zilumba ndi mitsinje pafupi ndi Pacific Ocean.
Mikango yam'nyanja imatha kupezeka m'mabwalo ndi ma dolphinariums. Chifukwa chakupulika kwawo, ulesi komanso kuthekera kochita zanzeru zosiyanasiyana, nyama nthawi zambiri zimachita nawo ziwonetsero zosiyanasiyana. Nyama yam'madzi imadziwika kuti ndi yotetezeka, koma ndikulimbikitsidwa kutsatira malamulo otetezeka polankhulana. Mikango ndi nyama zolusa, nthawi zina nyamayi imatha kuchita zinthu mwankhanza. Zakuwopseza akusambira komanso asodzi zalembedwa.
Mkango wanyanja
Monga congener, mikango ndi nyama zoweta, koma mosiyana ndi zisindikizo za ubweya, ndizochepa. Mitundu ina imatha kukhala munyanja nthawi yayitali ndikubwerera m'mphepete mwa masiku angapo. Chifukwa chake, oyenda ambiri amakumana ndi moyo wam'madzi pakati pa nyanja kapena nyanja.
Mikango yam'nyanja ndi yamuyaya, imakhala m'malo omwe anasankhidwa koyambirira. Malo omwe amakhala ndi makilomita ochepa kuchokera pagombe, kulumikizana kumachitika kudzera m'mawu omwe akufanana ndi kubangula kwa mkango.
Kodi mkango wanyanja umadya chiyani?
Wokonda kunyanja amakonda kudya nsomba zazing'ono zam'nyanja, nsomba zazinkhanira, octopus ndi nyama zina zomwe zikupita. Amapezanso chakudya pansi pamadzi, kutsika mpaka mamita 100. Amayenda mwachangu m'madzi othamanga, akusambira m'mapanga am'nyanja, algae ndi zipolopolo.Chisangalalo choyenda chitha kufananizidwa ndi kuuluka kwa mbalame, zimayendetsa misana yawo kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo kwawo.
Ngakhale zili ndi thupi lalikulu, nyama ya m'madzi ilibe mafuta ambiri ndipo siyidya mosungira. Popeza alibe zovuta kupeza chakudya, zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku - chakudya cham'nyanja.
Mkango wam'nyanja umatha kudumphira m'madzi kuchokera kutalika kwa 15-20 metres. Chakudya chomwe mumakonda ndi flounder, gobies, halibut, capelin, pollock ndi herring; amathanso kudya algae ndi octopus. Ngakhale amasankhidwa zakudya zazing'ono zam'madzi, mikango imatha kuukira shaki, ndipo makamaka munthawi yanjala - pama penguin.
Kubzala Nyanja Zam'madzi
Kamodzi pachaka, nyengo yakukhwima imayambira mikango yam'nyanja, machitidwe awo panthawiyi amakhala ochepetsetsa kuposa zisindikizo za ubweya. Amuna amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanjayo, kuziteteza kwa adani. Kuti agonjetse achikazi, mikango nthawi zambiri imachita nkhondo ndi anthu osawadziwa. Akazi amasonkhana mulu umodzi, kuyembekezera wamwamuna wamphamvu kwambiri. Wamphongo wina amatenga akazi angapo pafupi naye, kuonetsetsa kuti amuna ena sawakopa. Zina zomwe sizili zokonzekera kubereka zimapita kumbali, ndipo zazimayi zomwe zimakhala ndi estrus zimakhala pafupi ndi zamphongo, ndipo zikamaliza kulimba matupi, zimayamba kukhwima. Njirayi imatenga pafupifupi ola limodzi ndipo imatha kuchitika pagombe kapena m'madzi.
Kutalika kwa pakati ndi miyezi 12. Akangobereka nyama zazing'ono zam'madzi, zazikazi zimakwatiranso. Thupi la mkazi limakonzekera kutenga pakati pakatha masiku 14. Makanda amalemera pafupifupi 20 kg pakubadwa, pamwamba pa thupi ndi yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lagolide. Yaikazi imakhala ndi ana ake mpaka atabanso, pambuyo pake amasiya kuwakonda. Akazi oyamwitsa amakhalabe ndi ana mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Mkango wamkazi ndi wakhanda
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa chosindikizira ubweya ndi mkango wanyanja
Zisindikizo za Fur ndi mikango ndi abale apamtima, koma pali kusiyana pakati pa zonse zomwezo. Ali ndi izi:
- Zisindikizo za ubweya zocheperako kuposa mikango, zotsalazo zimakhala ndi thupi lalikulu komanso ziphuphu zazitali,
- Ngakhale kukula kwa mikango, imasinthasintha komanso imatha kusintha,
- pali mitundu 8 ya zisindikizo, mikango 5,
- Ubweya ndiwofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha ubweya kuposa mikango, chifukwa ubweya wake wam'madzi umakhala wochepa.
Ngakhale zili ndizodziwika bwino, abale ali ndi zofanana zambiri, kuphatikizapo zakunja ndi generic.
Adani a Mikango Yam'nyanja
Kuopsa kwa mikango yam'nyanja ndi zikwanje zakupha ndi shaki, kuthamanga kwake komwe kumatha kufika 55 km / h. Nyama za Killer zimawonedwa kuti ndizowopsa kwambiri, zomwe ndizankhanza kwambiri. Komanso, nyama ikafa imatha kuchitika chifukwa cha kuwombana ndi zombo. Mikango ndi anzeru komanso anzeru, pakakhala ngozi kuchokera kwa asodzi, amapempha thandizo kwa anthu.
California
Mkango wapanyanja waku California umapezeka kumpoto kwa Pacific Ocean, chiwerengero cha anthu chikufika 200 zikwi. Nyama yamtunduwu imatha kuthana ndi masoka aliwonse, motero amatha kupulumuka. Mkango wanyanja yaku California nthawi zambiri umapezeka m'malo osungirako zinyama ndi mabwalo, ndizosavuta kuphunzitsa.
Nyamayi idya nyama yam'madzi: hering'i, nsomba ndi squid, ang'ono - kumeza nthawi yomweyo, ndikudya zazikulu m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
Nthawi yakukhwima imachokera kumapeto kwa kasupe mpaka kugwa koyambirira, nthawi yomwe amakhala otakataka. Wamkazi amatha kubala mwana wamwamuna mmodzi, kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 70-80 cm, ndipo kulemera - 6 kg.
Waku Australia
Poyerekeza ndi nyama zina, ndizocheperako, zazikazi zimafikira 100 kg kutalika kwa 1.5 m, ndipo zazimuna - 300 kg kutalika kwa 2.5 m.Utha kusiyanitsa kugonana kwa mikango ndi utoto, zazikazi ndi zasiliva, zazimuna zimakhala zofiirira. Amakhala m'malo omwe adakhazikika poyamba, osasamukira. Nyengo yakukhwima siyosiyana ndi mitundu ina, pakadali pano anyaniwa amakhala ankhanza kwambiri. Mtunduwu ndi wosowa, chiwerengerochi chimakhala pafupifupi 12,000.
New Zealand
Mkango wanyanja ya New Zealand ili ndi mithunzi yakuda komanso ya bulauni. Nyamayo imapatsa mphamvu kulumikizana kwa mapewa, zazikazi zimafikira kutalika kwa 1.8 m, amuna - 2,5 m. Dzinalo limachokera komwe anthu amapezeka. Khalidwe pa nthawi yakukhwima ikufanana ndi mitundu ina ya mikango yam'nyanja, okhawo omwe ndi olimba mtima komanso achinyengo kwambiri omwe amagonjetsa gawo komanso chachikazi. Chiwerengero cha mikango ku New Zealand chikufika 15,000, chifukwa kuchuluka kwathunthu kuchuluka kwake kudatsika kasanu.
Zambiri zosangalatsa za mikango yam'nyanja
Mfundo zotsatirazi zilipo za mikango yam'nyanja:
- Chifukwa cha m'nthawi ya nsagwada, nyama imatha kugwira nyama yoterera,
- sizoletsedwa kugwira mikango kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kumalo osungirako nyama ndi m'malo osungirako nyama,
- Mikango yamchere ya ku California nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi matenda am'mapapo am'mimba omwe amayamba chifukwa cha pulmonary worm (Paragonimiasis), omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa kuti nyamayo iphedwe. Anthu ndi nyama zina zambiri amakhudzidwanso. Matenda amatenga chifukwa cha nkhanu.
- kulumikizana kumachitika kudzera m'mawu omwe amathandizira kulimbikitsa ngozi
- Nyama ndi zanzeru, Nzeru zokwanira, Ophunzitsidwa bwino,
- liwu la mikango ndi loyera, laukali komanso laphokoso.
Mikango yam'nyanja ndi nyama yosangalatsa kwambiri, mutha kuzidziwa bwino m'mabwalo ndi m'madzi am'madzi. M'malo oterewa, sakhala pachiwopsezo kwa anthu, koma kuthengo simuyenera kuyesa kuwakwapula.