Tarakatum catfish (Hoplosternum thoracatum) * Nsomba

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Taracatum (lat. Hoplosternum thoracatum) kapena wamba hoplopernum kale inali mtundu umodzi. Koma mu 1997, Dr. Roberto Reis, adawunikanso mtunduwo. Adagawa mtundu wakale womwe umatchedwa "Hoplosternum" kukhala nthambi zingapo.

Ndipo dzina lachi Latin loti Hoplosternum thoracatum, lidakhala Megalechis thoracata. Komabe, pakukula kwathu, amatchedwa dzina lake lakale, chabwino, kapena - catfish tarakatum.

Kufotokozera

Nsombayo imakhala yofiirira ndipo imakhala ndi mawanga amdima omwazikana. Malo amdima amawonekera paunyamata ndipo amakhalabe akamakula.

Kusiyana pakati paubwana ndi akuluakulu ndikuti pakapita nthawi, mtundu wa bulauni umayamba kuda.

Pakutuluka, m'mimba mwa anyamatawa mumakhala mtundu wonyezimira, pomwe nthawi yake imakhala yoyera. Mwa akazi, khungu la pamimba limakhala loyera nthawi zonse.

Amakhala ndi moyo wautali, chiyembekezo chazaka 5 kapena kupitilira.

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Tacacatum amakhala ku South America, kumpoto kwa mtsinje wa Amazon. Anapezeka kuzilumba za Trinidad ndipo ena adakhazikika ku Florida, akumasulidwa ndi osasamala am'madzi.

Monga momwe mungaganizire, tarakatum imakonda madzi ofunda, otentha a 24-28 ° C. Kuphatikiza apo, sizikukonzekera magawo amadzi, ndipo zimapezeka mwachilengedwe m'madzi olimba ndi osalala, okhala ndi pH pansipa 6.0 ndi pamwamba pa 8.0. Mchere umasinthasintha ndipo amanyamula madzi amchere.

Taracatum imakhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera am'matumbo omwe amawalola kupuma mpweya wam'mlengalenga ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi imakwera mpaka kumbuyo kwake.

Popeza izi zimapangitsa kuti izi zisunthike kwambiri, madziwo ayenera kuphimbidwa, apo ayi catfish imatha kutuluka. Koma, izi zikutanthauzanso kuti compressor kapena oxygen, safunikira.

Ma aquarium a taracatum amafunika lalikulu, ndi malo akulu pansi komanso voliyumu ya aquarium yopanda malita 100. Catfish imatha kukula mpaka kukula kwabwino.

Mphaka wamkulu amakhala ndi masentimita 136. Mwachilengedwe, iyi ndi sukulu ya nsomba, ndipo kuchuluka kwa omwe ali pasukuluyi amatha kufikira masauzande angapo.

Ndikwabwino kusungitsa anthu 5-6 mu aquarium. Ndikofunika kuti gululi limakhala ndi amphongo amodzi okha, chifukwa amuna ambiri amasemphana chambiri ndikutulutsa ndipo wamkulu amatha kupha wotsutsa.

Chokhacho chomwe muyenera kukumbukira ndikuti kukula kwawo ndi chilakolako chawo kumatanthauzanso zinyalala zambiri. Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse ndi kusefera kumafunikira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusintha madzi mpaka 20% sabata iliyonse.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi

Njira yosavuta yosiyanitsira mkazi ndi wamwamuna ndikuyang'ana pa fintique. Mphepoyi yamphongo yaimuna wamkulu imakhala yayikulupo ndipo imapangidwa katatu, kuwala koyamba kwa mawonekedwe kumakhala kwakukulu komanso kumawoneka ngati kangaude.

Mukamamera, mtengo uwu umakhala utoto wa lalanje. Ziphuphu zazikazi ndizazungulirapo, ndipo ndi zokulirapo kuposa zazimuna zazikuluzikulu.

Kuswana

Catfish ili ndi njira yachilendo kwambiri yoberekera poyerekeza ndi mphaka zina. Wamphongo amamanga chisa cha thonje pamwamba pamadzi. Adzakhala masiku ambiri akumanga chisa, kusonkhanitsa mbewu kuti zimugwire.

Imasandulika kukhala yayikulu kwambiri ndipo imatha kuphimba gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madzi ndikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 3. Mwachilengedwe, catfish imagwiritsa ntchito chinsalu chachikulu pakuwaza, ndipo mu aquarium mutha kuyika polystyrene pansi pake pomwe imangapo chisa.

Yaimuna imatulutsa matuza omwe amaphimbidwa ndi ntchofu zomata, zomwe zimathandiza matuza kuti asaphulike kwa masiku angapo.

Chisa chikakonzeka, champhongo chimayamba kuthamangitsa chachikazi. Wamkazi womaliza amatsatira wamwamuna kupita ku chisa ndikutulutsa kumayamba.

Yaikazi imayika mazira pafupifupi khumi mu "scoop" yomwe amapanga pogwiritsa ntchito zipsepse zam'mimba. Kenako akuwasamutsa ku chisa ndikuyenda.

Yaimuna nthawi yomweyo imasambira kupita ku chisa ndi m'mimba mwake, ndikuyika mazira ndi mkaka ndikuchotsera thovu kuti mazira akhazikike. Njira yoweta ikubwerezedwa mpaka mazira onse atasesa.

Kwa akazi osiyanasiyana, izi zitha kukhala mazira 500 mpaka 1000. Pambuyo pake, mkaziyo amatha kusungidwa. Ngati pali akazi okonzeka m'malo obzala, kuswana kungathe kubwerezedwanso limodzi nawo.

Ngakhale ndi kuthekera kofananako, mwamunayo awatsata. Wamphongo adzateteza chisa ndikuwukira chilichonse, kuphatikiza maukonde ndi manja.

Poyang'anira zisa, yamphongo sadyanso, ndiye kuti palibe chifukwa chomudyetsa. Amawongolera chisa nthawi zonse, ndikuwonjezera chithovu ndikubwezeretsa mazira omwe atuluka pachisa.

Ngati, komabe, mazira ena agwera pansi, amaswa pomwepo ndipo palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa.

Kutentha kwa 27 ° C pakatha masiku anayi, mazira amaswa. Pakadali pano, ndibwino kubzala wamwamuna, bambo wosamala amatha kutulutsa ndi kudya caviar kuchokera ku njala.

Mphutsi zimatha kusambira pachisa masiku awiri kapena atatu, koma, monga lamulo, zimatuluka masana ndikupita pansi.

Pambuyo kuwaswa, imadyetsa zomwe zili ndi yolk sac masana ndipo nthawi ino sizingadyetsedwe. Ngati pansi pali dothi, amapeza chakudya choyambira pamenepo.

Pakatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri atatulutsa, mwachangu amatha kuyamba kudyetsedwa ndi microworm, artemia nauplia komanso kudyetsa bwino kwa mphaka.

Malek imakula msanga, ndipo milungu isanu ndi itatu imatha kukula masentimita 3-4. Kuchokera pano, mutha kuwasinthira ku zakudya zachikulire, zomwe zimatanthawuza kusefedwa kwamphamvu komanso kusintha kwamadzi kawirikawiri.

Kulera 300 kapena kupitilirapo si vuto motero muyenera kukhala ndi ma aquariums angapo kuti musinthe mwachangu ndi kukula.

Kuyambira pano ndibwino kuganiza za komwe ndingayikire achinyamata. Mwamwayi catfish nthawi zonse imafunidwa.

Mukafika ku vutoli - zikomo, mwatha kubereka nsomba zina zachilendo komanso zosangalatsa!

Mr. Tail akutsimikizira: mitundu

M'mbuyomu, tinkakhulupirira kuti pali mtundu umodzi wokha wa nsomba za Tarakatum, koma mu 1997, asayansi adazindikira izi:

Beige. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, amakhala m'mitsinje ndi nyanja za Argentina, Colombia ndi Ecuador. Imatha kukula mpaka 22 cm. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka m'mphepete. Utoto - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni, nthawi zina yokhala ndi utoto wonyezimira. Pali malo owoneka. Kumalekezero kwa zipsepse zamakutu kumakhala kuzungulira, zomwe zimatchedwa "zibowo".

Magdalena. Dzina lachilendo chotere limalumikizidwa ndi malo - lidapezeka koyamba mumtsinje wa Colombian Magdalena. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa munthu wamkulu kumakhala kocheperako kuposa ma subspecies am'mbuyomu ndipo ndi 15-16 cm. Utoto uli ndi utoto wonyezimira wokhala ndi mawanga osawoneka bwino, pamimba pamimba. Zipsepse zimakhala zowonekera, ndipo zipsepse zamtchire zimakhala zachikaso.

Dianema wamutu wazitali. Madzi m'madzi aku South America. Mtundu wake ndi wotuwa, wotuwa, umatha kupinki. Mawanga akuda pa thupi ndi ochepa poyerekeza ndi ma subspecies ena. Ndipo pa fin caudal pamakhala mikwingwirima yakuda.

Sack-gill. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a anatomical, imatha kupanga phokoso longa la achule. Mwambiri, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwake sizosiyana ndi mitundu ina.

Pakati pa Tarakatum albinos amapezekanso, koma samagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Ali ndi miyeso pafupifupi yoyera ndi maso ofiira.

Kudyetsa ndi kudyetsa

Zakudya za Taracatum sizabwino ndipo zimatha kudya: zakudya, zouma, zouma, zokumba ndi zomera. Mwa chakudya chamoyo, ndi chabwino ma nyongolotsi am'mwazi, ma nyini am'madzi, ma tubers, daphnia, cutworms. Mwa zakudya zowuma, gammarus ndi daphnia zimadyedwa bwino, ndipo mtima wowonda wa ng'ombe umakonda kuchokera ku chakudya chongopanga. Ndimadyetsa nsomba yambewu yokazinga ndi mtima wamafuta. Ndatsuka kale mtima wamkati kuchokera mufilimuyo ndikudula pakati, ndikuyiyika m'matumba apulasitiki ndikuyika mufiriji.

Ndisanadyetse maphemphe, ndimatenga chidutswa cha mtima wa ng'ombe ndikuachipaka pa grater ya khitchini ndikulowetsa mu aquarium m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Tarakatum catfish imakonda chakudya chotere ndipo nthawi zonse imadya mosangalatsa. Monga chowonjezera chazitsamba, mutha kudyetsa mapopa ndi mikate yoyera yosambitsidwa bwino.

Ndimadyetsa nsomba za tarakatum ndi mikate yoyera. Ndimayika kachakudya kakang'ono muukonde ndikuwatsuka bwino pansi pa mpopi. Ndimachita izi kuti madzi mu aquarium kuchokera ku mkate asatenthe. Kenako ndimatembenuza ukondewo ndi buledi wotsukidwa ndikumuphika m'madzi.

Kuuma ndi acidity yamadzi ndikofunikira kwambiri pokhapokha ngati kubala agogo, komabe muyenera kutsatira magawo a hydrochemical: dH 20 °, pH 6.7-7.6. Kutentha kwa madzi posungira nsomba za tarakatum kumakhala madigiri 24-28 °. Taracatums ndi nsomba zamtendere ndipo zimagwirizana ndi mitundu yonse ya nsomba zoyenera kusunga mu aquarium wamba.

Matenda

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti nsomba zamtundu wa taracatum zimakonda kudwala matenda osokoneza bongo ndipo zimatha kudwala, mwachitsanzo, ichthyophthyroidism. Kuletsa nsomba kuti isadwale, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madzi mu aquarium pansi pa digrii 24 sikulimbikitsidwa. Pankhani ya matenda a taracatum okhala ndi ichthyophthyroidism, chithandizo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa mwachangu. Nsomba zodwala zimatha kuthandizidwa mosiyanasiyana. Catfish imathanso kuthandizidwa ndi bicillin 5. Mlingo wovomerezeka wa bicillin 5 munkhokwe yam'madzi ndi magawo 500,000 pa malita 100, kasanu ndi kamodzi, tsiku lililonse.

Mu chotengera china osiyana magawo 1,500,000 pama lita 10, mphindi 30, kasanu ndi kamodzi, tsiku lililonse. Asanalowetse mankhwalawa bicillin 5 mu aquarium, amadzipaka m'madzi ofunda ndikuthira pang'onopang'ono pa sprayress ya compressor. Amakhulupirira kuti bicillin 5 amataya malo ake powala, kotero ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti azitha kuyendetsa mchenga. Pofuna kuti tisatenthe mitengo yokhazikika monga: Cinnamon, Cinnamon, Kabomba, ndi zina zotere, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mbewu kuchokera pamenepo tisanalowetse mankhwalawa mu aquarium.

Kuswana

Taracatum imatha msamba m'miyezi 8 mpaka 15. Zowola zawo ndizowirikiza; awiriawiri amapanga okha payokha. Kubwezeretsa agogo kumawoneka kukhala kosangalatsa, chifukwa amuna amamanga chisa kuchokera pansi pa masamba akulu pamadzi ndikuteteza kumanga. Wamphongo amadziwika ndi nthambo ya fupa yokhala ndi mano ambiri ang'ono, yomwe ndiyo kuwala koyamba kwa pectoral fin.

Kufalikira

Wodziwika bwino woweta nsomba za m'madzi wotchedwa Tatyana Aleksandrovna Vershinina anafotokozera za kusungidwa kwa nsomba za m'madzi mwa oimira gulu la Hoplosternum (Hoplosternum thoracatum): Maofesi amtundu wa Aquarists amalumikizana ndi kusunthika kwa kutentha ndi madigiri 4-5 mwakuwonjezera nthawi ndi nthawi madzi ozizira otentha a RH. Chowalimbikitsachi chimakhala dontho la kuthamangitsidwa kwamlengalenga komwe kumachitika nthawi yamkuntho ndipo nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa mvula yamkuntho, mabingu, ndi zina zambiri.

Maphunziro a milungu iwiri ya opanga opangira opangira masabata ndiofunika kwambiri, kuphatikiza kudyetsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kwamadyetsedwe apamwamba makamaka ochokera nyama. Kudyetsako kuyenera kukhala kokwanira kwambiri kotero kuti nsomba imakhala ndi kupuma kulikonse, kuyenda kulikonse kunam'peza. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kusunga ukhondo, osalola akufa amoyo kudya kuti awononge madzi mu aquarium. Ndikofunikanso, monga momwe kungathekere, kusinthana ndi zakudya zomwe mumakonda kwambiri: red daphnia, enchitrea, cellworm, tubule, earthworms wosweka.

Kusintha kwamadzi nthawi ndi nthawi ndipo zosefera yogwira ntchito m'madzi muja imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Pakuchepa, muyenera kukhazikitsa sosi wokutira wama pulasitiki, kutsanzira tsamba lozungulira la chomera cha marsh, pansi pa madzi. Apa mamuna amange chisa chithovu, momwe chikhalamo caviar. Wamkazi amaponyera mazira pafupifupi 1000 pachisa. Iwo, pamodzi ndi mbale, ayenera kusamutsidwira kumalo apadera okhala ndi mawonekedwe am'madzi: acidity 6.5-7.0, carbonate hard 2 2, kutentha 24 ° degrees.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kupaka madzi ndi methylene buluu. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga masiku atatu mpaka asanu. Mphutsi zimafikira mamilimita asanu ndi limodzi m'litali, zimakhala ndi tinyanga tating'ono ndi zipsepse. Ndulu mu mphutsi zimadyedwa mwachangu ndipo patatha masiku awiri wopangayo amayenera kudyetsedwa: fumbi lokhalokha, brine shrimp, rotifers kapena daphnia yaying'ono. M'pofunika kukonzekeretsa m'madzi a ana ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi malo osungirako malo, mwachitsanzo, mapoto okhala ndi maluwa, momwe nsomba imabisala pakuwunikira kwambiri.

Som Tarakatum kusamalira ndi kusamalira nsomba

Liti agogo yocheperako, imatha kusungidwa mu malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 50 kapena kuposerapo. Pambuyo pake, Aquarium iyenera kukulitsidwa. Akuluakulu amafuna saariyo yokhala ndi malita osachepera 100. Zingakhale bwino ngati mutabzala mbewu zambiri mu chinyamacho ndikukhazikitsa malo okhala.

Pansi pa aquarium payenera kukhala mchenga wapakatikati kapena zinyalala zina zofewa. Chifukwa chakuti njuchi izi zimakonda kusaka ndi kuzindikira ponseponse, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti dothi liri lotetezeka. Tarakatum imasunga imodzi nthawi imodzi kapena m'magulu. Amphaka ngati amenewa amakonda kulankhulana, chifukwa chake ndi bwino kuwasunga kuti akhale m'gulu la anthu.

Kuwala sikuyenera kukhala kowala kwambiri, ngati kuwunikako kuli kwamphamvu, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala mbewu pamtunda zomwe zingapangitse mthunziwo. Koma musaiwale kuti muyenera kusiya malo otseguka mu aquarium. Kupatula apo, nsomba za mphaka zimapuma mpweya, ngati nsomba zina. Ngati aquarium atsekedwa ndi chivindikiro, ndiye kuti bowo lipangidwe kuti lizunguliza mpweya mu aquarium.

Catfish imasambira kangapo patsiku kuti imame mpweya. Kuti muwayang'ane mumdima, mutha kuyatsa nyali ndi kuwala kwa mwezi. Taracatum Amakonda madzi okhala ndi otaya komanso mpweya wokwanira, chifukwa chake fyuluta iyenera kufunikira. Komanso musaiwale za zaukhondo wa pamadzi ndi kukonza kwake. Madzi azisintha sabata iliyonse. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusintha theka lamadzi lokha.

Kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 23 ° C. Komanso madzi amayenera kukhala acidic pansi pa 7 pH, chifukwa nsomba izi zimakhala m'malo otere. Chifukwa chake, pakupita nthawi, amasinthana ndikukhala kumalo okhala m'madzi.

Som Tarakatum ndi kapangidwe kake ndi nsomba zina

Catfish taracatum - wokhala pansi, yemwe amagwirizana ndi nsomba zapakatikati za aquarium. Kukhala ndi nsomba izi ndikosavuta ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene, koma pokhapokha ngati madzi angakhale oyenera kukhalamo. Iyenera kukhala yoyera, ndi malo okhala m'madzimo. Sikulimbikitsidwa kukhala ndi taracatum ndi nsomba yaying'ono, mwachitsanzo, ndi guppy yotalikirapo kuposa masentimita 4. Tarakatum amatha kuwadya usiku.

Ngakhale catfish taracatum ndi zamtendere, koma amakonda kudya ndi kudya nsomba zazing'ono. Anthu oyandikana nawo a aquarium akhoza kukhala nsomba zomwe zimakhala zazitali kuposa masentimita 6, mwachitsanzo, puntius, tetra kapena ma cichlids. Anthu oyandikana nawo omwe ali ndi maphemwe amakhala nsomba zagolide.

Amadyetsa ana amphaka ndimapenchi, granles ndi mapiritsi apadera a catfish. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri cha Catfish ndi ma nyongolotsi amwazi, onse owundana ndi amoyo komanso brine shrimp, krill ndi shrimp. Chofufumitsa chouma chimaphatikizidwanso. Izi nsomba zimakonda kudya bwino, motero muyenera kuzidyetsa kuyambira kawiri mpaka katatu patsiku.

Ndikudyetsa malowa amagwira ntchito mokangalika komanso modzipereka, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti kudyetsa kunali m'malo osiyanasiyana nthawi imodzi, kuti nsomba zonse zomwe zili pafupi ndi ma tarkatums zimatha kudya. Ngati oyandikana nawo am'madzi ndi amantha komanso amantha, ndiye kuti angathe, ndipo, pokana chakudya. Chifukwa chake, nsomba zonse ziyenera kuwonedwa.

Som Tarakatum kuswana ndi kuswana mu aquarium

Kutulutsa kumapita nsomba zopanda mamba yambani kupanga awiriawiri, ndipo amphamvu. Wamphongo amayamba sinthani mtundu wa tummy ndi kuwonetsa. Makatani oterewa ayenera kuwaika kuti asiyane ndi madzi ena, azisiyira limodzi. Pambuyo pake, mkazi wabzalidwa Kuchokera wamwamuna. Izi ndichifukwa choti pobowola panali chete.

Amuna taracatum imayamba kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu popanga chisa cha thovu pamwamba pamadzi ndikuchilimbitsa pakati pazomera zoyandama. Komanso, yamphongo imatha kudula mbali zina za mbewu pomanga ndi zipsepse zake.Ndikofunikira kusamalira kuti mbewu zambiri zimayandama pamtunda. Izi zimatha kutenga masiku angapo.

Ntchitoyo ikamalizidwa, yaimuna imathamangitsa wamkazi. Ngati wamkazi taracatum okonzeka, kenako namphaka amasambira limodzi kupita ku chisa. Tsopano yamphongo imatha kumuthira manyowa, ndipo wamkazi amatha kuyikira mazira pachisa. Kuchuluka kwa mazira kumadalira thupi. Pakati pa mazira pafupifupi 200. Mkazi wamkulu amatha kuyikira mazira 450.

Ntchito yotsekera dzira ikadzatha, wamkazi amatuluka muchisa. Kwa masiku atatu amphongo amakhala pafupi ndi chisa, m'njira zonse kuzitchinjiriza kwa alendo osiyanasiyana. Khalidwe loterolo ndi lofanana ndi kutentheka, nkuyiwalika, yamphongo imatha kubowola abale ake.

Wamphongo amayang'anira mazira, ngati kuli kotheka, akukonzanso chisa, amatenga mazira omwe agwa ndikubwezera pamalo ake, choncho, mpaka kuwaswa. Pakatha pafupifupi masiku awiri kapena atatu, mwachangu amayamba kuwonekera. Akawonekera, mwamunayo ayenera kumangidwa, Iye angathe kudya ana ake. Poyamba, mwachangu amapeza chakudya m'mimba mwawo, ndipo patsiku amafunika kupatsidwa chakudya ndi mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, mphutsi zazing'ono. Kuyambira miyezi iwiri amatha kudya ngati achikulire.

Zoyambira Aquarium

Ngakhale kuti nsomba za ku Tarakatum sizolimbikitsa kukonza komanso kusamalira, ndizoyenera ngakhale akatswiri oyamba am'madzi, komabe, mawonekedwe ena a nsomba afunika kukumbukiridwa kuti apange malo abwino okhala. Izi zikuphatikiza:

Kukula kwa mphaka. Awa ndi nsomba zazikulu zokwanira, ndipo kuti muzisunga izi mufunika ngalande yokhala ndi malita 50 mpaka 100. Zomwe zili mu Tarakatums, lamulo ndikuti limagwira bwino ntchito 100%. Mukanyalanyaza ndikuyika ziwetozo pang'ono, izi zimapangitsa kuti pang'onopang'ono kukula, kupsinjika, matenda komanso, chifukwa cha ziwetozo zife.
Kupumira kwamkati, komwe kumafunikira kukwera pamwamba. Achimoomani, akuwonjezera mpweya kuchokera kumlengalenga, amatha kudumpha kuchokera mu aquarium ndikufa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale chophimba chomwe chimateteza ku zinthu zosasangalatsa zoterezi.
Malo okhala pansi. Izi nsomba amakonda kukhala m'munsi m'madzi ndi kubisala masana. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyika mitundu yambiri ya driftwood, miphika kapena maloko ochita kupanga ndi nyumba pansi pa pansi pa aquarium. Mwa iwo Tarakatums adzabisala ndikumasuka. Ndikofunikanso kuthira mchenga wowuma wosakanizika ndi miyala yabwino, yomwe ziweto izi zimakonda kuthyoka.

Ngakhale kuwedza kwa mphaka, pali zofunika kuti malo ammadzi akhale:

Kutentha kosiyanasiyana + 22 ... + 26 ℃,
pH yolondola kwambiri ndi 5.8 ... 8,
palibe zofunikira pakuuma ndi acidity, aliyense angachite,
kusanja bwino kumafunikira, ndikukhazikitsa ndi zida zamphamvu zokwanira,
m'malo 30% amadzi ndi madzi oyeretsedwa (sabata).

Kuphatikiza pa zonse zofunikira pamwambapa, ndikofunikira kuti musaiwale za malo obiriwira a m'madzimo. Catfish imabisala m'maso ndikugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono chakudya, komanso algae imakongoletsa mawonekedwe onse. Choyenera Kwambiri: Anubias, Echinodorus, Wallisneria.

Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, nsombazo zimakhala ndi kuwala kwausana masana. Popeza ntchito yayikulu ya Tarakatums imachitika ndikubwera kucha, zida zowonjezera siziyenera kuyikidwa.

Mukamasunga aquarium, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti iyi ndi sukulu ya nsomba. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ma jamb amatha kuchuluka mpaka chikwi kapena kupitirira. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kuyanjana ndi wamwamuna m'modzi ndi akazi angapo. Kuchuluka kwa anthu kutengera kuchuluka kwa malo.

Kugwirizana

Lumikizanani bwino ndi nsomba zonse. Koma ndikofunikira kulingalira kuti, ngakhale ali mwamtendere, samayipa kudya phwando ndi oyandikana nawo ang'onoang'ono. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi catfish atalikidwe ndi 4cm kapena kutalika. Itha kuyikidwa palimodzi ndi ma guppies, cichlids, tetras, puntiuse ndi golide. Koma musaiwale za kukula ndi mbewu zomwe zaphuka kale. Kupanda kutero, azidzadyedwa usiku.

Kudyetsa

Chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu ndi mphamvu zimafunikira pafupipafupi. Koma ndikofunikira kuti musalembe nsomba za mphaka. Tarakatums ndiwosasamala kwambiri chakudya, azidzadya mosangalala ma magazi, coronet, shrimp yokadulidwa bwino ndi nyama ya nyumbu, krill, artemia. Mu malo ogulitsa nyama, zakudya zouma zopangidwa ndi granules, mapiritsi ndi ma flakes a nsomba zam'munsi zimayimiridwa kwambiri. Chowoneka mosiyanitsa m'madyetsowa ndikuti amachedwa pansi. Musaiwale za zomwe zimapezeka pachakudyacho, apo ayi ziweto zidzadya madzi amadzi.

Mawonekedwe

Somik tarakatum ali ndi thupi lalitali, lophwanyika pang'ono m'mbali. Mafupa a mafupa amapezeka kumbali. Chizindikiro chaloza, mkamwa mumakhala tinthu tiwiri ta tinyanga. Poterepa, gulu limodzi limakhala pansi, lomwe limakupatsani mwayi kuti mumve pansi. Mtundu wa taracatum umasiyana kuchokera bulawuni wopepuka mpaka woderapo.

Khalidwe

Soma tarakatum, monga momwe amasonyezera, sakhala usiku. Masanawa sachita ntchito. Nsomba za Aquarium zimasunga pansi nthawi zonse, kawirikawiri zimakwera pamwamba pamadzi. Chakudyacho chikuyang'ana pansi pansi. Amawonetsa kusalolera kwa anthu ena okhala pansi panthaka mpaka atayamba kulanda gawo lawolawo.

Utali wamoyo

Zaka zomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo nthawi zambiri zimadalira momwe amangidwira. Chifukwa chake, mu chilengedwe, nsomba zimakhala zaka 4 mpaka 6. Mu malo okhala kunyumba, nthawi yamoyo imachulukitsidwa kangapo ndipo imakhala zaka 10.

Ngati akukonzekera kusunga tarakatum catfish, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu. Pakadali pomwe nsomba za taracatum zimangotuluka, kupezeka kwa mitundu ina sikunkaganiziridwa. Komabe, mu 1997, mitundu yina 3 inapezeka, yosiyanasiyana m'njira zingapo.

Momwe zimaswana

Pofika zaka 8 mpaka 15, nsomba za mphaka ndizokonzekera kutuluka. Amadzipangira awiriawiri, choncho muyenera kungowakonzera gawo lowerengera kuti likhale loyenera kuti liberekane. M'madzi wamba, muthanso kupangitsa kuti nsomba ziberekane, koma izi ndizotheka ngati nzika zonse za m'madzi zimatha kupirira kutentha kuchokera madigiri 20 mpaka 24.

Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera gawo la nyama pazakudya za nsomba. Komanso, pakhale chakudya chochuluka kwambiri mwakuti nsomba zam'madzi zimapunthwa nthawi yomweyo. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zoyandama mu aquarium poterera, pansi pawo amuna azikonza chisa. Mutha kumuthandiza ndi izi poyika sopo wokumbirayo pansi.

Masewera a mating amatha nthawi yayitali, mpaka masiku 10. Lemberani, nthawi ino yamphongo imasankha malo abwino kwambiri achisa, amaonetsetsa kuti ndi yotetezeka. Kutulutsa kumatuluka motere: wamkazi amatenga mkaka mkamwa mwake, kenako amatuluka kumasamba a chomeracho ndikuyamba kutuluka, kuyesera kumata.

Pakatha masiku 10, mwachangu mazira, omwe, omwe amagwera pansi pamadzi, nthawi yomweyo amayamba kufunafuna chakudya. Apa ndi pomwe msuzi umabwera pothandiza, pamwamba pake, muyenera kuwaza fumbi lamtundu, machubu osankhidwa bwino, artemia kapena daphnia. Ana atha kusamutsidwira kumalo osungira nsomba ana atayamba kusambira okha.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire wamwamuna ndi wamkazi

Pafupifupi kudziwa mitundu ingati yomwe mungapangire agogo, muyenera kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi:

zazikazi ndizokulirapo kuposa zazimuna,
ziphuphu za akazi ndizometa, amuna ndiwosakanika,
mwa amuna, atatha msinkhu, kuwala kwa pectoral kumakhala chikasu lalanje, munthawi zina kumaonekera ndi makulidwe ake - chizindikirochi chimadziwika kwambiri kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
wamkazi amakhala wokula pang'ono panthawi yakukhwima,
Amphongo amasintha mtundu wam'mimba kuchoka pakuwala kupita ku violet-buluu.

Panthawi yakutha msinkhu, kusiyana pakati pa mphaka zazimuna zosiyanasiyana kumadziwika, ndipo mpaka nthawi imeneyi ndikoyenera kuyang'ana pa zipsepse.

Hoplosternum magdalena

Mphaka wamtundu wamtunduwu adadzipatsa dzina chifukwa cha chilengedwe chake. Monga mukudziwa, kwanthawi yoyamba nsomba yapezeka mumtsinje wa Magdalena, womwe uli kudera la Colombia. Pambuyo kanthawi, nsomba zinayamba kuwonekera m'madzi otseguka a mitsinje ya Cauca ndi Maracaibo. Kukula kwakukulu ndi masentimita 16 mpaka 176. Thupi ndi mthunzi wotumbululuka, malo akuda akhoza kupezekapo.

Longanired dianem

Nsomba za diamen zimapezeka koyamba ku South America. Mtundu wa thupi ndi wofanana ndi mitundu ina. Komabe, mawanga ang'onoang'ono akuda amatha kukhalapo. Nthawi zambiri, chingwe chakuda chimawonedwa mchira. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kupezeka kwa ndevu zazitali, zopangidwa kuti zimve pansi.