Ling - nsomba yochokera ku banja la cyprinids (Cyprinidae), omwe amapanga mtundu womwewo wokhala ndi dzina limodzi lamadzi oyera - Tinca tinca. Zomwe zimasiyanitsa taxon ndi mawonekedwe ake akunja, kutentha, kusayenda, komanso kusinthasintha pazinthu zoyipa zachilengedwe. Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yake yabwino kwambiri, mawonekedwe apamwamba, ndichinthu chotchuka cha masewera amateur ndi masewera.

Kodi tenchi imawoneka bwanji?

Tinca tinca siwofanana ndi woimira wina aliyense wa ichthyofauna, mu cyprinids wobadwira komanso m'mabanja akutali. Akatswiri Otchuka a Natural Natural L.P. Sabaneev ndi S.T. Aksakov adafotokoza m'mabuku ake kuti "kutengera kosungiramo msasa wa kampu imodzi ndizofanana". Ngati izi zapezeka, ndizosatheka kwa anthu wamba, nthawi yomweyo, kunja kwazisombalo kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwikiratu pakati pa mitundu ina, ngati mumvera izi:

• thupi lonenepa
• Mulingo wocheperako, wamiyeso ya cycloid yolimba (zidutswa zokwana 87-105 pamzere wotsatira),
• maso ang'ono okhala ndi iris yofiyira,
• main truncated caudal peduncle,
• kamwa yaying'ono yomaliza yokhala ndi milomo yanyama,
• tinyanga tating'onoting'ono totalika mpaka 2 mm m'mbali za nsagwada yapamwamba,
• zipsepse zakuda zakuda,
• Kutsikira mbali yokutidwa ndi wosanjikiza mosalekeza.

Mtundu wazokongoletsera zimatengera momwe moyo uliri. Dziwe loyera ndi dothi lowala, thupi limakhala ndi siliva wobiriwira wamtali wokhala ndi matani owondera kumbuyo. Pakakhala matope pansi, mithunzi imasunthira kuzithunzi zakuda zofiirira, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi maolivi azitona. Pali mtundu wina wa nsomba - tenchi yagolide, yomwe imasiyana ndi taxon yoyambira mu safironi-amber, malo amdima mbali ndi yakuda.

Komwe dzina la mtunduwu limagwirizanitsidwa ndi imodzi mwazinthu zapadera za morphological. Ikalowa m'thupi, ntchofu, ikafika mlengalenga, imawuma msanga, imawuma ndikugwa, ndikufanana ndikusintha chikuto cha nyama - molting.

Nsomba zimadziwika ndi machitidwe achikondi omwe amapangidwa bwino, omwe amadziwika kwambiri mwa abambo - ziphuphu zokulira zamkati zokhala ndi kuwala kwamafuta.

Kutalika kwa moyo ndi kukula kwa tench

Oimira genus Tinca amasiyanitsidwa ndi kuzungulira kwakutali kwazaka 12 mpaka 15 komanso kukula pang'onopang'ono. Fry wazaka 1 amakhala ndi kutalika kwa thupi osapitirira 3-7 masentimita ndipo amakula ndi pang'ono masentimita 3-5 nyengo iliyonse. Mwa kukhwima pakugonana (zaka 3-4), kukula kwa munthu sikupitirira 15 cm masentimita, omwe akufanana ndi 1.5-2 wazaka carp. Pambuyo pa zaka 6-7, kuchuluka kwa unyinji ndi kukula kumachepera. Nsombayi imatha kukula mpaka kukula kwakukulu, mainchesi akuluakulu kwambiri amalemera makilogalamu 7.0-7,5 ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 65-70. Monga lamulo, anthu olemekezeka omwe akulemera 150-700 g amabwera. 0 kg

Habitat

Mitunduyi imagaidwa ku Europe ndi gawo lonse la Asia komwe kumatentha. Apa tench mumakhala malo oyimilira, otsika kwambiri osungirako nyanja zamchere, Baltic, Caspian, ndi Azov. Chifukwa chophatikizidwa ndi nyengo yofunda, nsomba sizofalikira kummawa kwa Urals, koma zimapezeka kumtunda kwapakati komanso pakati pa Yenisei, Vitim, Ob, Angara, ndi madera ena akumadzulo a Nyanja ya Baikal. Malo omwe mumawasanja bwino ndi monga ma dziwe, dziwe, zimbudzi, mabatani opanda mphamvu, azimayi akale, malo osungirako ndi dothi lofewa, silika, dongo.

Nsomba zimatha kulekerera kuchepa kwa oksijeni, kuchuluka kwa acidity ndi mchere, chifukwa chake zimakhala zabwino m'madambo, madzi osefukira, pakamwa pa mitsinje ndikofunikira kwambiri pamadzi am'nyanja. Kuti mukhale ndi moyo wabwino, zambiri zokhala ndi algae, pansi, mbewu zazitali, nkhono, chitsamba chokulirapo, mabango, mabango, kupereka chitetezo ndi chakudya ndikofunikira.

Kodi nsomba zimadya chiyani?

Zomwe zimadyedwa ndi chakudya cham'mera, zooplankton ndi zolengedwa zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala pansi pamadzi:

• magazi, amphipods, ozungulira,
• cyclops, Bosmin, polemus,
• nsikidzi, ma annelids, maolloll, ma leeches,
• mphutsi za chironomids, mahatchi, chinjoka, ntchentche zamakhara, zoyatsira nyali,
• kafadala, m'madzi osambira,
• mphukira za telosed, resta, buttercup, Hornwort, elodea,
• duckweed, mbewu zina zazing'ono zoyandama,
• chimanga, phytoplankton, detritus.

Modzifunira, nsomba zam'banjazi zimadya nyambo yochita kupanga ndi zakudya zosakanikirana, zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zigwire komanso kukulitsa ma cyprinids ena. Ndikakhala ndi kuchepa kwa chakudya, imatha kudya mwachangu, tizilombo tokhala ndi mapiko, tadpoles, caviar, ndi zakudya zina zapanyama. Ntchito yayikulu yodyetsa imagwera nthawi yamadzulo ndipo imayendera limodzi ndi kukumba pansi pang'ono. Ngati kutentha kwa madzi kumatsikira + 10 ° C, nsomba imataya chilolezo ndikusiya kufunafuna chakudya. Zomwezo ndizofanana ndi sing'anga wotentha kwambiri (pamwambapa + 30 ° C), yemwe umapangitsa kuti mafuta azitha.

Moyo

Lin limakonda madera osapindilira omwe akuya kwa mita 1-2, motero amasamala mwachinsinsi komanso mwachinsinsi. Kukula kwachinyamata kumasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (5-15), pomwe anthu okhwima mwakugonana amayenda kumoyo wokhala wokhazikika. Kwa nsomba, kutentha kosakwanira koyenera ndikofunikira, koma kumapewa kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe kumakhala kosagwirizana ndi madera a mbewuzo. Pofuna kuti asapikisane nawo mpikisano wama feed ndi agile, ubiquitous, phokoso wama crucian carp, yemwe amasaka chakudya masana, cholumikizacho chimasinthidwa kukhala chakudya chamadzulo. Kuphatikiza ndi izi ndikuluma kwake kogwira ntchito madzulo komanso m'mawa kwambiri.

Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, ndizosavuta kutsatira momwe nsomba zimadutsira njira yowaza, yomwe imachitika chifukwa cha mpweya wotumphuka wotumphuka. Koma njirayi nthawi zina imalephera, chifukwa carp ndi njira yofananira yakudya.

Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yophukira, tench imasonkhanitsa kwambiri mphamvu zosungira ndipo imatha kudyetsa tsiku lonse. Kutacha kwa Novembala nyengo yozizira, ntchito zamadyerero zimatsika kwambiri. Kusaka nsomba kwa wina ndi mnzake, kupanga masukulu, kupita kumaenje obiriwira, komwe amakumba matope, amagwera makanema ojambula ndipo osadyetsa nkomwe. Kugona kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti m'madziwe osaya, mitsinje, nyanja pali milandu ya ziweto zambiri chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa zigawo zonse za madzi ngakhale gawo limodzi pansi. Kudzuka kwa kuphulika kwa masika kumachitika pamene chosungiracho chikuwotha pamwamba + 4-7 ° C. Nsombazo zimataya nthawi yozizira ndikusunthira kumalo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja zam'madzi zomwe zimafunafuna chakudya cham'madzi chambiri, makamaka mphutsi za udzudzu.

Kubalalitsa tench

Mitundu yokonda kutentha imachedwa kwambiri, kudikirira kuti madzi atenthedwe kutentha + 20-24 ° C, mkati mwa msewu nthawi zambiri kumapeto kwa Meyi, Juni kapena koyambirira kwa Julayi. Dera lokowololi ndi loyenda kotsika, lamadzi osaya otetezedwa ku mphepo (0.3-0.8 m) yokhala ndi tinthu tambiri tambiri. Nthawi zambiri zomangamanga zimalumikizidwa ndi nthambi zamadzi ndi mitengo. Kutuluka kumachitika pang'onopang'ono ndi masiku 10-14. Mchitidwewu umaphatikizapo anthu okhwima omwe ali ndi zaka zapakati pa 3-4, omwe amadziwika ndi kulemera (200-400 g) ndi chonde (mazira 20 mpaka 40,000). Akazi opitilira 0.8-1.0 makilogalamu amatha kuikira mazira ang'onoang'ono okwana 400-500,000 pachakudya.

Chirengedwe chimapereka cholozera pakuwonongeka kwa nthawi yoyambitsidwa ndi kutalika kwa nthawi: mazira ofikira mazira amafupikitsidwa, m'madzi otenthetsedwa bwino ndi maola 70-75 chabe. Mphutsi yolumikizana ndi kukula kwa 3.0-3.5 mm yolumikizira gawo lapansi ndikuthamangitsanso kwa masiku ena atatu chifukwa cha mphamvu yosunga ndi yolk sac. Fryu yaying'ono yosambira imakhalabe m'madzi osaya. Chifukwa cha nzeru zawo, nsomba zamtchire zimapanga masukulu akuluakulu ndikuzibisalira m'mizere yowuma, pomwe zimasinthira ku chakudya chamagulu ndi zooplankton ndi algae unicellular. Pofika kukula kwa 1.2-1,5 masentimita, mwachangu amira pansi ndikusinthira ku chakudya chopatsa thanzi cha benthic.

Chingwe chomedza

Nthawi yokwanira kusodza ndiyo nyengo yoyambira (Epulo-Meyi) komanso nyengo yofunda mu Ogasiti, Seputembara, Okutobala. Muyenera kupita padziwe lidakali lamdima, kuti musaphonye kuluma m'mawa. Monga kusuntha konsekonse, ndodo ya usodzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito, yomwe ili ndi:

• coil yaing'ono yamkati (1500-2000),
• mzere waukulu wakuda wautoto wakuda (0.25-0.3 mm),
• kutalika kwa 20-25 masentimita (makulidwe 0,18-0.22 mm),
• mwachangu nsapato za 4-5 m,
• 3-5 g kuyandama,
• kumira mu mawonekedwe a azitona (2-4 g) ndi sub-flask (1-3 g),
• crochet No. 8-14 (malinga ndi gulu la mayiko).

Makulidwe okwanira a zidazi sakukhudzana ndi kulemera kwa nsomba, koma kumalo komwe asodzi, kumene mbewu ndi mitengo yambiri imakulira. Chidziwitso choyenera chisankho choyandama, chomwe chizikhala ndi mtundu wonyezimira (wonyezimira, wobiriwira, wabuluu, wobiriwira wamdima). Nyongolotsi yayikulu ndi ndowe, leech, mulu wamagazi, mbozi, ndi mphutsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo khumi.

Zonena zazikuluzikulu zimagwera pa mphutsi za chinjoka, koma apa muyenera kukonzekera kulumikizidwa kwa nsomba ndi carp. Pakati pa nozzles chomera, atsogoleri ndi mbewu monga tirigu, oats, barele, nandolo, mbatata, mtanda, semolina, mkate crumb. M'malo ena osungira, nyambo imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ngati mawonekedwe a keke yokoka yomwe imakokedwa ndi ulusi wokhala ndi mbali 1x1 cm kapena 1x1.5 cm (hemp, nsalu, mpendadzuwa). Pakuluma kosasunthika, ndibwino kuphatikiza nyambo ku mbedza, kupanga "sangweji" ya mphutsi ndi chimfine, chimanga ndi mtanda. Njira ina yosodza nsomba khumi ndi yotsalira pansi yopanga ndi mphira. Itha kutengedwa ndikusambira kapena bwato pawindo pakati pa malo okuta ndikuwedza popanda kuwopsa.

Makhalidwe azikhalidwe

Mwambi wotchuka umati: "nyama yabwino kwambiri ndi nkhumba, nsomba zabwino kwambiri ndi ten." Izi ndi zowona kuti munthu aliyense amene kamodzi adalawa mbale kuchokera kumayimidwe apadera amadzi iyi ichthyofauna angavomereze. Nsombayi imakhala ndi nyama yowotchera komanso yokhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo (3.5-3.8%) yokhala ndi zipatso zotsekemera, gawo lake pakati pazowoneka ndi zotayidwa m'thupi ndi 55-60%. Fillet of tench si bony, imatengedwa mwachangu ndi thupi, yoyenera kudya chifukwa cha zakudya zamafuta pang'ono (3.5-3.8%) ndi zopatsa mphamvu zama calorie (40-45 kcal pa 100 g). Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa shuga. Nsomba ndi wolemera mu:

• mavitamini A, C, E, PP, B2, B6, B12,
• ayodini, fluorine, phosphorous,
• potaziyamu, calcium, manganese,
• mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated.

Mankhwala amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la m'mimba, chithokomiro cha chithokomiro, mtima. Kukonzekera bwino tench ndikuchotsa fungo lotheka lamatope, ndikokwanira kulowetsa chithunzicho kwa maola 8-12 m'madzi pang'ono mchere. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuyeretsa mosamala ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono popanda kuwononga khungu. Njira zabwino kwambiri zophikira zimawonedwa kuti ndi kuphika, kuphika mu uvuni, kukazinga. Zonunkhira zonunkhira, zamafuta ndi zosefera ndizodziwika. Nyama ya tench imaphatikizidwa ndi kirimu wowawasa, vinyo, mandimu, zokometsera zokometsera za jellied, zikwangwani za nyama, zomangira nyama zimapezedwa.

Zambiri

Lin ndi yekhayo membala wa genus Tinca. Ndiwotentha kwambiri komanso wopanda ntchito. Tench imakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo nthawi zambiri imamatirira pansi. Malo omwe amakhala ndi gombe. Tench si dzina chabe, ndi khalidwe, chifukwa nsomba iyi idatchedwa chifukwa chokhoza kusintha mtundu utayatsidwa ndi mpweya. Zimakhala ngati mukusungunuka, chinsalu chotchingira cha ntchofu chimayamba kuda, ndipo khungu limayamba kuwonekera. Pakapita kanthawi, nkhono izi zimatuluka, ndipo m'malo ano ndimaoneka zikaso zachikaso. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mdziko lapansi mulinso mitundu inayake yokongoletsedwa - tenchi yagolide.

Tench ndi nsomba yamadzi abwino, motero amapezeka m'madziwe, m'madziwe, m'malo osungira. Imatha kupezeka m'mitsinje, koma osowa. Lin amakonda kubisala m'tchire ndipo amakonda maiwe akuluakulu, chifukwa kumeneko ndi omasuka. Malo awa amakopeka kwambiri ndi tench ndi nkhokwe zawo za bango, matope ndi mabango. Amakonda malo okhala ndi maphunziro ofatsa. Imakhazikika bwino m'madzi ochepa a oxygen. Tench amatha kupulumuka ngakhale m'malo omwe nsomba zina zimafa nthawi yomweyo.

Ali ndi sikelo yolimba, yayitali komanso yayitali yomwe imakhazikika pakhungu ndiku kumasula ntchofu. Tchetcheyo ili ndi kamwa lowerengeka komanso locheperako, m'makona momwe muli tinyanga tatifupi. Maso ndi ang'ono, amakanika ndi iris. Zipsepse zonse zimazunguliridwa, ndipo pamakhala kupendekera kwapang'ono mu ndalama za caudal. Ilibe mtundu winawake, chifukwa zimatengera chosungira momwe nsomba zimakhalira. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi msana wakuda wokhala ndi utoto wonyezimira, ndipo mbali zake zimakhala zopepuka nthawi zina zachikaso. Zipsepse zimayera imvi, koma zoyambira ndi mapapo amkaka ndimakaso. Kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi ndikosavuta, chifukwa choyambirira chimakhala ndi waya wachiwiri waminyezi.

Nthawi zambiri, kulemera kwa munthu kumangokhala 600 g, koma nthawi zina zoyerekeza zomwe zafika 50 cm, zolemera pafupifupi 2-3 kg, zimapezeka. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 18.

Chakudya cha tenchchi chimakhala chosiyanasiyana, chimakhala ndi mphutsi za tizilombo, nyongolotsi, milungu, mbewu zam'madzi ndi zotayira.

Momwe mungasankhire

Kusankhidwa kwa tench kuyenera kufikiridwa ndi udindo wapadera, chifukwa moyo wanu umadalira izi. Malangizo oyambilira ndi kugula nsomba zatsopano. Tsopano ndizotheka, chifukwa nsomba nazonso zimagulitsidwa m'madzi am'madzi. Ngati mukugula kugula pa kontrakitala, onaninso mayendedwewo mosamala, chifukwa ndiye chizindikiro chachikulu choti mwatsopano. Kenako samulani, ndipo musatenge mawu aogulitsa. Nsomba zatsopano sizimanunkhira nsomba, kununkhira kwatsopano kumachokera. Maso a tench ayenera kukhala owoneka bwino. Kupatuka kulikonse ndi chizindikiro cha bwino. Kanikizirani nsomba, dzenje lotsala ndi chizindikiro chowoneka bwino chatsopano. Nyama ya nsomba yatsopano imakhala yofinya, yobwezeretsa mwachangu komanso yolimba. Ngati mudagula khumi, ndipo mutafika kunyumba ndikuyamba kudula, mwapeza kuti mafupawo ali kuseri kwa nyamayo, kuibweza kapena kuiponya mumkhokwe, simuyenera kudya nsomba zotere.

Momwe mungasungire

Tench yatsopano imatha kusungidwa kwa masiku atatu okha. Komabe, musaiwale kuti m'matumbo, muzitsuka bwinobwino ndikupukuta. Pambuyo pake, mutha kukulunga mu pepala loyera, lomwe kale lidalowetsedwa ndi yankho lamphamvu lamchere. Kenako mutha kukulunga ndi nsalu yopukutira.

Nsomba yophika imatha kusungidwa mufiriji kwa nthawi yayitali, kutentha osaposa 5 ° C.

Kufotokozera kwa nsomba khumi

Mbali yodziwika bwino yamtunduwu ndi kusachitapo kanthu komanso kukonda kutentha. Chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chosaganizira komanso chotsika, ndikusankha gombe. Mutha kukumana ndi tench makamaka kunyanja ndi m'madziwe. Amakhala m'mitsinje - anthu okalamba komanso ma bays. Pomwe tench imakhala, nthawi zonse pamakhala masamba am'madzi komanso kuya kwakuya.

Kuwunika kwachikhalidwe

Ku Hungary, tench amatchedwa "nsomba ya gypsy", izi ndichifukwa choti sizimadziwika komweko.

Dziwani kuti katundu wochiritsa adaphatikizidwanso mzere. Munali mu Middle Ages ndipo nthawi imeneyo amakhulupirira kuti ngati nsomba iyi idadulidwa pakati ndikuyika chilonda, ndiye kuti ululu umatha, kutentha kumachepa. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti tench imachotsa jaundice. Amakhulupilira kuti ili ndi zotsatira zabwino osati pa anthu, komanso nsomba zina. Achibale odwala amafunikira kupaka pa tench basi zonse zitha.

Mawonekedwe

Thupi limakhala lalifupi, lalitali komanso loonda. Mamba ang'onoang'ono amatsatira kwambiri, yokutidwa kuchokera kumtunda ndi wosanjikiza wa viscous ndi ntchofu wandiweyani. Mtundu wa thupi umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku siliva wobiriwira kupita pamtundu wakuda ndi pang'ono brint.Zipsepse ndi ma fins, zazifupi, zipsepu za caudal popanda notches. Maso ndi ofiira - lalanje. Pali tinyanga tatifupi m'makona amlomo.

Dzinalo limawonetsa chidwi chake, mfundo yake ndikuti limatha “kusungunuka,” kutanthauza kuti, likusintha maonekedwe mumlengalenga.

Kulemera kwa munthu wamba ndi 250 - 600 g. Mitundu yayikulu imayesedwa kuti ndi nsomba yokhala ndi kulemera kwa 1 mpaka 2 kg. Chiyerekezo chachikulu chokwanira chimafikira 4 kg;

Kodi tenchi imakhala kuti?

Amakonda kukakhala komwe kuli madzi opanda mphamvu, kutanthauza kuti, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yomwe ili ndi mitengo yambiri yokwawa. Amakonzekera kukhala pafupi ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kumene mabango ndi mabango amakulira. Izi ndizomwe nsomba zimadya. Pafupifupi 60 peresenti ya zakudya za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zakudya zam'mera. Simakana kukokana chipolopolo, mphutsi ndi mphutsi za tizilombo.

Maphikidwe khumi

Pazakudya, tench imachita mpikisano ndi nyama zabwino kwambiri. Koma chimasiyanitsidwa ndikuti filimu ya nsombayi imakimbidwa mosavuta komanso mwachangu. Pazifukwa izi, mbale khumi zimaphatikizidwa m'maboma ambiri azakudya. Iwo ndi abwino kwa ana ndi okalamba.

Nyama imakhala ndi mavitamini komanso michere yambiri. Izi zili ndi mafuta ambiri monga boron, iron, lithiamu, mkuwa, calcium, potaziyamu, cobalt, manganese, magnesium, phosphorous ndi bromine. Mafuta ali ndi mavitamini A ambiri, komanso mafuta ochulukirapo a polyunsaturated.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamtunduwu mwachangu komanso mawonekedwe a stewed kumachepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima.

Zopatsa mphamvu za calorie ndizochepa, 40 calories zokha pa 100 magalamu.

Oven adaphika tench

Mukufuna 1 mainche, katsabola, zonunkhira za nsomba ndi batala. Timatsuka ndikutsuka mtembo, nadzatsuka kwathunthu pansi pamadzi. Kuwaza mu zonunkhira, kuwonjezera.

Pakufunika zonunkhira zowonjezera kukoma, koma ngati tenchyo yagwidwa ndikutulutsa, ndiye kuti ndibwino kusasunga zonunkhira - munthawi imeneyi nyamayi imakhala ndi masamba ofunika pang'ono.

Valani mtembo ndi mafuta ndikuyika mulu wazambiri m'mimba, kuphika kutentha kwa madigiri 250, nthawi ndi nthawi kuthira ndi madzi omwe amawonekera. Kapena kuphika nsomba mu zojambulazo.

Zothandiza komanso kuchiritsa katundu

Lin ndi imodzi mwazinthu zochepa zomwe zimakhala ndi mapuloteni apamwamba kwambiri, omwe ali ndi ma amino acid ofunikira. Madokotala amalimbikitsa mwamphamvu kudya chakhumi kwa anthu omwe amadandaula chifukwa cha ntchito yovuta yam'mimba, kapena mavuto ndi chithokomiro cha chithokomiro. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti ngati muzigwiritsa ntchito mwaphika ndi moto kapena nsomba yophika, zimathandizanso thupi lonse. Tenchi yambiri imakhudza ntchito ya mtima, ndiko kuti, imalepheretsa kuchitika kwa arrhythmias.

Zodulira mabatani

Ma cutlets amapangidwa ngati kuchokera ku crucian carp. Amakhala yowutsa mudyo komanso okoma.

Kuti mukonze mbale, muyenera magalamu 500 a nsomba zopindika zopopera nyama, mazira awiri, anyezi wamba, supuni ya mayonesi ndi supuni ziwiri za ufa wokhala ndi slide.

Choyamba, ufa umawonjezeredwa ku minced nyama, uyenera kuyamwa madzi owonjezera kuchokera ku nsomba. Pitani pa anyezi chopukusira nyama. Onjezani ku minced nyama, pali mayonesi ndi kuyendetsa mazira angapo. Tsabola aliyense, mchere ndi kusakaniza bwino. Tiyeni tiime pafupifupi mphindi 15, ngati pali madzi ambiri, ndiye kuwonjezera ufa wina.

Timaphika poto wamoto ngati zikondamoyo. Ma cutlets oterowo amaperekedwa ndi mpunga wowiritsa.

Pophika

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti tench sioyenera kudya panthawi yopanda zipatso. Mtundu wabwino kwambiri wamalawa ndi nsomba zomwe zimagwidwa kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi. Mtunduwu umakonda kukhala m'madzi otentha kapena osalala, motero nyamayo imanunkhira nkhungu ndi silika. Koma izi zitha kukhazikitsidwa mosavuta ndikumayendetsa chingwe chotsalira m'madzi osungira, kapena kuwasunga m'madzi kwa maola 12.

Lin ndi yoyenera zovala zosiyanasiyana. Ikhoza kuphika, yokazinga, yophika, yozikika, yosungika, yoyesedwa, yophika mu kirimu wowawasa kapena vinyo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti amapanga nyama yabwino kwambiri yophika bwino.

Thumba lokonzekera bwino limafanana ndi kukoma kwa nyama ya nkhuku, ndipo khungu lake limafanana ndi khungu la mbalame.

Wokometsedwa tenchi

Yopangidwa pampikisano ndi nsomba zina zilizonse. Khungu lokongoletsedwa limatengedwa kuti ndi chinthu chabwino.

Mafunso okhudza mwachangu ndi osowa. Zomwe zimafunikira kuchokera pazosakaniza ndi nsomba yokha, mchere, mandimu ndi ufa.

Lini amayenera kutsukidwa pang'ono, kumata matumbo ndikutsukidwa. Mipira imachotsedwa moyenera. Ngati nyamayo ndi yayikulu, imadulidwanso.

Mchere nsomba ndi kuwaza ndi mandimu. Siyani mphindi 20, kuti mchere. Ndiye mkate mu ufa ndi mwachangu mu mafuta otenthetsa masamba mpaka golide wagolide.

Timafalitsa mbaleyo pachoko kapena thaulo kuti tichotse mafuta ochulukirapo. Timayika pambale ndipo ndi chake - zakudya zathu zokazinga zakonzeka.

Khutu la tench

Kukonzekera ndikosavuta. Pa saucepan 2 lita mudzafunika nsomba imodzi yapakatikati, kapena mitu yayikulu ya 3-4 yokhala ndi zochotsa, mbatata 4, anyezi umodzi, tsabola wa belu, tsamba la bay, parsley, katsabola, tsabola ndi mchere.

Ikani nsomba kapena mitu kuti muziwiritse pamoto wotentha, madzi omwe ali poto azikhala ozizira, apo ayi msuzi ungakhale wopanda mitambo. Nsomba zikamaphika, mbatata, anyezi ndi tsabola. Tidula mbatata kukhala ma cubes akulu, ndipo masamba otsalawo kukhala mphete zina. Ndikwabwino kuti mutenge tsabola wobiriwira, popeza wofiira ndi wachikasu amapereka khutu pang'ono.

Madziwo akamawiritsa, onjezani tsamba la Bay ndi zonunkhira, ziziwiritsa kwa mphindi 15, ndikuonetsetsa kuti tench yophika. Tsanulira msuzi kudzera cheesecloth kapena sieve.

Bony nsomba - kudula mzidutswa, kusanthula mosamala. Patulani mafupa am'mafupa ndikubwezeretsani mumsuzi, kubweretsa, ndikuwonjezera mbatata, ndikakonzeka, ikani anyezi ndi tsabola. Pamapeto kuphika, onjezani miyala yodulidwa ku khutu lanu ndikuyang'ana zonunkhira, ngati kuli kotheka, mchere ndi tsabola. Nthawi yomweyo musanagwiritse ntchito, ikani zonunkhira wowawasa zonona mu khutu lanu.

Kodi tenchi imapezeka kuti ku Russia?

Tench ndi nsomba wamba. Malo omwe amakhala ndi gawo la ku Europe la Russia. Kudera la Asia, kupitilira Urals, tench ndiyofala. Nthawi yonse ya Yenisei kudutsa malire a nsomba zomwe zikupitirirabe. Popeza woimira uyu wa cyprinids amadalira chilengedwe, sizichitika kum'mawa kwa Siberia ndi Baikal.

Ngati pali madzi osasunthika, mabanki opalasa komanso pansi pamatope, ndiye kuti mwina pali tcheya. Imakonda kutentha kutentha kwamadzi pang'ono, kupewa madzi ozizira ndi ozizira. Chifukwa chake, nyanja zopanda bwino, mapwewe, mitsinje, ndi mayendedwe amtsinje wokhala ndi njira yopumira ndi malo abwino kwambiri a tenchi.

Tench nthawi zambiri amakhala pamtunda wokwera, wokhala ndi mabango ndi algae, amabisala pakati pama snags ndi matope. Imalekerera yochepa okosijeni m'madzi. Samasamukira, amakonda kukhala yekha, wokhala ndi moyo wabwino m'malo otchuka. Ndi nyengo yachisanu ikayamba, imayamba kugwera ndipo imakhala m'ziwonetsero mpaka kutentha kwatentha.

Kufotokozera kwapadera ndi machitidwe

Ngakhale kuti tench ndi ya banja la cyprinid, sizowoneka ngati carp konse. M'malo mwake, imatha kusokonezedwa ndi zilonda, zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi thupi, koma opepuka, osakhala ndi ntchofu, mamba.

Kodi tenchi imawoneka bwanji? Nsombayo imakhala ndi maolivi agolide m'mbali, kutembenukira kumbuyo kubiriwira lakuda kapena lakuda. M'mimba mumakhala mtundu wa chikasu, ndipo zipsepse zimakhala zakuda nthawi zonse. Thupi la nsombalo limakutidwa ndi ntchofu wosalala, womwe umayamba kugundika ndikuuluka mlengalenga.

Ngati nsombayo ikukhala mosungiramo madzi ndi dothi lamchenga, ndiye kuti mtundu wake umakhala wagolide wopepuka. Wokhala mumtsinje kapena mumtsinje wokhala ndi matope kapena matalala, tench amakhala ndi khungu lakuda kapena lakuda.

Monga onse oimira banja la cyprinid, mutu wa tench ndiwocheperako; Maso ndi ofiira, ochepa kukula. Pakamwa pake ndi kakang'ono, kakukweza pang'ono. Milomo ndi yanyama. Ili ndi mano amodzi, mano kumapeto kwake amakhala mkati. Pa nsagwada pali tinyanga tating'onoting'ono tomwe timalemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsomba zisamaoneke bwino.

Kukula kwa mzerewu ndi kocheperako, kolimba kwambiri kwa thupi. Mchirawo ndiwotalikirapo pang'ono. Kutalika konse kumbuyo, komanso phokoso lalifupi, lili ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, opanda mphako. Zipsepse zamkati mwa tench zimakonda kukula moyo wonse. Akuluakulu pawokhapawokha, atakhala kuti amatha kufikira anal. (Chithunzi).

Kodi mizereyo imadyetsa chiyani?

Tench ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zomwe zimakonda kudzipezera chakudya chamadzulo. Kutacha, tench imayamba kukumba pansi kufunafuna chakudya. Chilichonse chimadyedwa: nsikidzi zoyandama, mphutsi, mphutsi za udzudzu, tizilombo touluka pamwamba pa madzi. Osawalitsa tench udzu komanso matope. Zamoyo zotsalira zopanda nyama - detritus - zimangopita kukadya.

Usiku ukagwa ndipo madzi padziwe pang'onopang'ono azizirira, ntchito za nsomba zimachepa kwambiri. Kenako tench imagwera mpumulo, ikukhazikika m'malo obisika pansi pamatope kapena pakati pa mabatani.

Tench ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zamtendere kwambiri. Koma ngati malo osungirako komwe amakhala komwe kulibe zakudya zamagulu ochepa, ndiye kuti tench imatha kuwonetsa zadyera podya ana achinyamata a ena a banja la cyprinid.

Njira zoberekera

Kutha kufalikira kwa tench kumachitika kwa zaka 3-4. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kuyamba kwa kutchukira ndi madzi, otentha mpaka 17-190C. Monga lamulo, kuwaza kumayambira kumapeto kwa Meyi ndipo kumatenga milungu isanu ndi itatu. Munthawi imeneyi, mizere imasokoneza moyo wawo wobisika, kumayenda m'magulu.

Pofalikira, zazikazi zimakonda kusaka malo ndi madzi oyera, osayenda bwino. Kuya kwake, komabe, sikudutsa mita 1. Njira izi zimakhalapo nthawi 2-3 ndikusinthika kwakanthawi. Kutengera ndi msinkhu wa nsomba, kuchuluka kwa mazira kumatha kukhala pakati pa 50 mpaka 600. Mphutsi zimalumikizidwa ku mizu ndi zimayambira za pansi pamadzi.

Caviar tench ndi ochepa kwambiri ndipo ali ndi kuwala kobiriwira kobiriwira. Ngati madzi atentha kopitilira 200C, ndiye kuti nthawi ya makulitsidwe satha masiku opitilira 4. Kenako mphutsi zimayamba ndipo nthawi yayitali imayamba. Pambuyo pakuwonekera, mwachangu amalowa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Malo osungira zakudya a achinyamata omwe akukula ndi plankton ndi algae.

Tench ndi nsomba yomwe imakula pang'onopang'ono. M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, mwachangu amatha kukula mpaka 5 cm. Kuti athe kufikira mzere wa 20 cm kutalika, zaka 5 ziyenera kudutsa.

Kukula kwa mzere

Ku Russia, kukula kwa teni m'matcake makamaka ndi magalamu 150 mpaka 700.

Kukula kwa mzere wapakati pa Russia kuli pafupifupi kilogalamu

Kilo imodzi ya nsomba imawerengedwa kuti ndi wabwino, ngakhale ochita bwino amatulutsa kilogalamu 3-4. Zomwe zimachitika ku England zimadziwika kuti ndi zosokoneza mbiri, makilogalamu khumi kwambiri olemera makilogalamu 890 adabwera ku Daren Wardom m'chilimwe cha 2001. Pali malipoti a mizere ya kilogalamu khumi, koma izi sizilembedwa.

Zosiyanasiyana khumi

• Mtsinje. Mosiyana ndi nyanjayi, imawoneka bwino kwambiri. Pakamwa pamakwezedwa mawu kwambiri. Mtundu wake ndi wakuda. Nthawi zambiri timapewa malo okhala ndi mafunde ataliatali, obisala m'malo opanda phokoso,
• Chigawo cha Lake. Wamkulu koposa pakati pa anthu amzake. Ali ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino wagolide komanso pamimba siliva,
• Dziwe. Khumi iyi ndi yaying'ono pang'ono kuposa nyanja. Amamva bwino m'madziwe opangidwa modabwitsa komanso m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono achilengedwe,
• Wagolide Mitundu yokongoletsera yomwe idawonekera chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa. Ili ndi mtundu wagolide. Pali mawanga owoneka bwino m'mbali. Maso ali ndi khungu.

Zochititsa chidwi

Phukusi lophimba thupi la tenchi limatha kuchiritsa, popeza ndilo mankhwala achilengedwe achilengedwe. Malinga ndikuwona kwa akadaulo odziwa bwino komanso maphunziro a ichthyologists, nsomba zodwala zimabwera kwa iye kuti "azichitira". Njirayi imakhala m'lingaliro loti "nsomba zodwala" zimakola pambali pa "dokotala", ndikuyipitsidwa ndi kuchira kwa ntchofu. Mwanjira imeneyi, nsomba zimapulumutsidwa, kuphatikiza ndi majeremusi amadzi. Buluzi imapulumutsa tenchi ngakhale nthawi yozizira, ikapulumuka chifukwa cha kuzizira. Ndizodabwitsanso kuti tench imalola kuti pike yomwe idwala ichike yokha kuti isachiritse, ndipo siyimakumana nayo. Koma pike wathanzi salinso wopusitsika pakudya kwa "dokotala", ngakhale amakonda kwambiri oyendetsa ndege. Zoyang'anira, ambiri, samawona ngati tench monga chakudya chambiri, mwachidziwikire, onse ali ndi chifukwa chomwecho - ntchofu. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zina ngati nsomba nyambo.

Slime tench ndi mankhwala achilengedwe!

Mwa njira, dzina la Lin palokha lidalandanso chifukwa cha malo ake achilendo! Chowonadi ndi chakuti kuchokera pakuyenda pakati pa mlengalenga kupita mumlengalenga, ntchofu pamthupi lake imayamba kuuma ndikuchita mdima (kusintha mtundu). Pambuyo pake imaswedwa ndi zidutswa, m'malo omwe mtundu wa masikelo ndi wopepuka. Titha kunena kuti nsomba ikusungunuka. Chifukwa chake dzinalo. Zachidziwikire, chifukwa cha kupuma kwake kosangalatsa komanso kopatsa chidwi, komanso kusakonda kuyenda kwake, atha kulandira dzina la ulesi, zomwe zingakhale zowona komanso zowona. Palinso lingaliro kuti dzinalo limachokera pano, koma, komabe, akatswiri ambiri opanga bwino kwambiri amatsatira mtundu wa zosintha ndi kusintha kwa mitundu.

Mwa mitundu ya nsomba yochita kupangidwa ndi iyi ndi Gold tench, yomwe ili ndi mawonekedwe ndipo yalandilidwa mwapadera chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino posunga ma dziwe okongoletsera m'nyumba.

Komanso, obereketsa amtundu wa Kvolsdorf tench, omwe maselo olipira omwe amasungidwa mwapadera, amawasunga. Anthu a Kvolsdorf amakula mwachangu kwambiri kuposa anzawo akumtchire ndipo m'mbuyomu adakhala zinsinsi za anthu omwe amadana nawo.

Ngakhale kuti mtsinje wowoneka bwino umabowoleza pomwe kutentha kwa madzi kumatsikira, m'malo ena osungirako nthawi zina kumatha bwino. kusodza nsomba khumi m'nyengo yozizira .

Ngati tench ikhoza kupezekabe mu baikal bas "ndi" Red Book of Buryatia ", ndiye kuti kummawa sikuchitika. Mitsinje ndi nyanja zam'mphepete mwa Yuropu ndi malo ake okhala.

Onani zithunzi za mzere m'gawo lolingana.

Ndipo tsopano chidwi chanu kanema wosangalatsa.

Kulandila tench pa feeder ndi njira zina zogwirira nsomba zachifumuzi zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane magawo oyenera amalo. Tsamba lathu likukula mosalekeza. Tlembetsani ife ku Vkontakte, gawanani zomwe takumana nazo ndikusinthana kwa malingaliro.

Adani khumi

Moyo wa nsomba zayekha sizitanthauza kukhalapo kwa zoopseza zina zambiri kuchokera kwa anthu okhala mderalo. Ziwonetsero zanyengo monga pikes ndi ma penti pazifukwa zina sizimagwira pa tench. Mwina izi zikuchitika chifukwa chakuti ntchofu zomwe nsomba amazipanga zimawakhumudwitsa.

Burbot, yomwe, ngati tench, ndi nsomba ya pansi ndipo imakonda kudya nthawi yamadzulo, ndiye chiwopsezo chokha chachikulu kwambiri. Mpikisano wa chakudya, komanso mfundo yoti burbot sangafune kudya mphukira zazing'ono zachinyamata, imapangitsa khumi kuti isakhale malo ake.

Osaka, omwe atha kuwononga kwathunthu nsomba zam'madzi mu dziwe, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha tenchi.

Mosiyana ndi tench yaukalamba, msuzi wake nthawi zambiri umakhala chofunkha cha nzika zina zam'madzi, popeza malo omwe amatulutsa samatetezedwa ndi makolo. Ngakhale kuti mazira otayidwa amatha kukhala ochuluka kwambiri, gawo laling'ono limatsalira kumalo a nsomba zazikulu.

Matenda

Chifukwa cha kupangika kwapadera kwamatenda a ntchofu, wophimba thupi lonse, tench imalephera matenda ambiri okhudza banja la carp. Matenda monga dactylogyrosis, rubella ndi majeremusi ena samuopa. Komabe, tench imatha kudwala opisthorchus.

Tsoka ilo, ndikosatheka kudziwa kachilombo ka "ndi diso", musanadye, muyenera kusankha chimodzi mwanjira izi:

• lowani kwambiri
• kuyetsa,
• kutentha mankhwala.

Ubwino wa nyama

Nyama ya tench yamchere yatsopano imawonedwa ngati ya zakudya, monga 100g. 45 kcal okha. Akatswiri azakudya amalangiza pafupipafupi kudya nsomba izi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi magazi ambiri komanso omwe ali ndi matenda amtima.

Nyama ya tench ilinso ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika kuzifufuza: potaziyamu, magnesium, sodium, mkuwa, zinki, fluorine, chromium, manganese. Nsombazo zimakhala ndi mavitamini A, E, C. A protein yambiri imakupatsani mwayi wophatikiza nyama khumi muzakudya za ana ndi osewera. Iodine, yomwe ili ndi nyama yayikulu yam'madzi, imakhudza bwino magwiridwe antchito a chithokomiro.

Ku Russia, amakhulupirira kuti tench imatha kuchiritsa matenda a jekiseni, ndipo ochiritsa amatha mabala poika kwa iwo nyama yonyamula.

Zizolowezi

Tench akupita kokasaka chakudya mumtundu wa sludge, kukumba. Nthawi zambiri, pachakudya, nsomba zimalowa kwambiri m'madzi. Asodzi akuwonetsa kuti ndizosatheka kukumana ndi tench pamtunda. Ena amazindikira kuti mumdima, munthawi yakutuluka kwa tizilombo, nsomba zimatuluka m'matumbo am'madzi.

Zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku

Tench ndi nsomba yomwe imatha kudyetsa tsiku lonse, koma zochuluka zake zimawonedwa m'mawa ndi madzulo - nthawi zambiri nthawi imeneyi imasamukira kugombe. Nthawi yotsala yomwe nsomba imakhala m'malo akuya, koma ikupitiliranso kudyako. Amadziwika kuti m'masiku amitambo, nsomba khumi zimatha kudya maola onse masana.

Zochitika zina ndi zina

M'nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha, tench imakhala m'madzi amitsinje yaying'ono komanso mitsinje yomwe imadzala ndi masamba, pomwe pali silt kwambiri pansi. Zimakhala m'malo otenthetsedwa ndi dzuwa pakuya kwa mita 1-2. Amakhala malo amodzi mokhazikika.

Mukugwa, nyengo yozizira ikayamba, mizere imapanga mafunde, siyani kudya, dziwitseni m'maenje a mitsinje ndi mitsinje. M'nyengo yozizira, nsomba sizimawonedwa - zimakonda kusewera.

Amagwira chingwecho munthawi yotentha yokha, chifukwa nthawi ina sipadzaluma. Mukuchita usodzi kuyambira kasupe mpaka kumatuluka, kenako patatha milungu iwiri. Munthawi imeneyi, zhor zodabwitsa zimawonedwa mu nsomba. Chapakatikati, madzi akatentha, mizere imayandikira m'mphepete mwa malo ochepa okhala ndi masamba ndi algae, momwe amafunafuna chakudya.

Kusamuka

Ngakhale kuti tench imakhala moyo wopanda ntchito, nsomba zimatha kusamukira kuderalo tsiku ndi tsiku mkati mosungiramo, kuchoka malo akuya mpaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kwinaku mukudutsa masamba omwe amadutsa m'njira yomweyi. Komanso nsomba zimatha kuyenda pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.

M'chilimwe

Chilimwe ndi nthawi yayikulu yosaka teni. Munthawi imeneyi, nsomba zimagwira ntchito kwambiri. Poganizira za mtundu wa nsomba zomwe zimapezeka, zimagwidwa pamagulu angapo amtundu - zida zoyandama komanso pansi. Njira yoyamba ndi yabwino chifukwa ikuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino zagwidwe. Pankhani ya ndodo yotsika pansi, ndibwino kuti musankhe mitundu yake yamadyetsedwe.

Kumayambiriro kwenikweni kwa nyengo yotseguka kwamadzi, tench amadya chakudya cha nyama, chifukwa chomwe caddis, nyongolotsi, mphutsi, mphutsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nyambo. Lin amakonda leeches omwe amakhala mu dziwe. Pambuyo pake, pamene mphukira za dziwe zam'madzi zikuwoneka (mabango, malo ogulitsa, dziwe, makapisozi a mazira), menyu a nsomba amakhala osiyanasiyana. Munthawi imeneyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwire masamba khumi ndi mphukira ndi masamba osalimba azitsamba izi.

Kusodza kwabwino kwa nyambo ya chomera kumayamba kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito balere, nandolo, ndi mtanda. Nsomba sizimayanja kanyumba tchizi. Ena oyimba chidwi amati akachulukitsa kanyumba tchizi ku zinthu zina, nibble amakhala bwino kwambiri.

Kuti mupeze kukopa kwa tench, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito zosakaniza wamba nyambo. Poganizira kuti nsomba imatha "kuyenda m'mayendedwe", imasungidwa ndi nyambo kwa masiku angapo. Ngati chikudziwika ndendende komwe tench imakhala, palibe chifukwa chodyetsera.

M'nyengo yozizira

Ngakhale tenchi siyigwira ntchito nthawi yozizira, m'malo ena osungira okhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso thaw yayitali, nsomba zimatha kutuluka ndikuyamba kudya. Izi ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri msodzi amasowa nthawi ngati izi. Ngati tench yokokedwa ndi mbedza yozizira - izi zimangokhala mwayi.

Komabe, ena amateurs amapita dala "pamzere" nthawi yozizira, koma kugwira kwakukulu kumakhala kofatsa.

Kuluma ndikumenya

Nthawi zina, tench ikagwira ntchito mopitirira muyeso, imagwira mwamphamvu nyamboyo, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala yosamala ndipo nthawi zambiri siyiluma. Kulumidwa kwa nsomba izi ndi kofanana ndi crucian carp. Koma chizolowezi chokonda kusangalala ndi njirayi ndi chofanana kwa mphindi zochepa: chimapumira pang'ono ndi milomo ya milomo, ndikuponyera pansi. Izi zimabweretsa kusinthasintha kwakutali kwa buluzi, komwe msodzi amatha kuwona ngati kulumidwa pang'ono kwa nsomba. Koma pakadali pano, sizikupanga nzeru. Ngati kuyandama modzidzimutsa ndikuzisunthira kumbali, kapena kugonera mbali imodzi - nthawi yomweyo imakoka.

Asodzi ambiri azindikira kuti nsomba, makamaka zazikuluzikulu, zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu akamadula. Amayesanso kusokoneza mzere mu tchire, kuyesera kukumba mu silika. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuthana ndi tench; msodzi ayenera kukhala wamkulu nthawi imeneyo. Chizindikiro cha tench ndi “chinyengo” cha mzere wa usodzi, ndipo kenako amakoka. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zambiri amatha kuswa. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe cholimba chansomba.

Misonyezo ya nsomba ikamapezeka siyosowa, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mbedza imadula pakamwa mwa nsomba. Tchetcheyo itatopa, nsombayo imangobweretsedwera kumtunda m'madzi, osapereka mpata, kuti isawopseze anthu ena omwe angabisike pafupi. Zitha kutha kuchotsa nsombazo m'madzi mothandizidwa ndi ukonde - chifukwa chake sizingathe chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchofu.

Gwiritsani ntchito nyambo

Amakhulupirira kuti nsomba yaying'ono, ngakhale ikupirira, ndi nyambo yoyipa, chifukwa siyimira kukopa kwa nyama yomwe imadya. Koma ena oyimbira sagwirizana ndi izi. Amakhulupilira kuti pali malo osungirako komwe mumapezeka khumi kwambiri, komanso komwe nyama zomwe zimadyazo zimazolowera kudya nsomba.

Lin yogulitsa: kukonzekera bizinesi

Tenchi imakhala ngati nsomba yothandiza pa malonda, ngakhale mu nthawi ya mafakitale asanafike ku Russia izi zidawomberedwa pamodzi ndi crucian carp ndi carp. Nthawi zambiri, kuswana tench mu dziwe sikuti ndizosiyana ndi kukula kwa carp.

Chovuta kwambiri ndi gawo loyamba, lomwe limaphatikizapo zotchinga zotsogolera. Dziwe loti mwina limachita lendi kuboma kapena kukokedwa lokha. M'njira zonsezi, muyenera kupeza zilolezo zofunika.

Mukamasankha dziwe kapena gawo lomwe lawonongeka, zinthu zingapo zimaganiziridwa, kuphatikizaponso dziwe lolondola lomwe lingathe kuswana teni. Nsomba zokhala ndimadziwe otentha otentha okhala ndi masamba ambiri. Linu sichikhala ndi dziwe laling'ono kwambiri.

Pabizinesi yopangira mzere wopindulitsa, muyenera kutola zinthu zokhala ndi galasi lamadzi osachepera mahekitala 20. Zovomerezeka komanso zambiri kutengera luso lazachuma. Si nsomba zambiri zokha zomwe zimalimidwa mu dziwe lalikulu, komanso zimapeza ndalama popereka ndalama zothandizira kusodza. Malo osungirako akakhala pafupi ndi mudziwo, ndalama zomwe asodzi amagwira zimatha kukhala zochuluka kuposa pogulitsa nsomba.

Komanso posankha dziwe, ndikofunikira kulingalira pamakina opopera, chifukwa chipata choterocho sichimangokulolani kuti mulamulire kuchuluka kwa madzi, komanso kuti ndi njira yosavuta kwambiri yopezera nsomba zabwino. Ngati palibe njira yopangira payipi yopopera, muyenera kusiya dziwe ili ndikusankha njira ina.

Tench ndi nsomba yomwe imafunikira pansi pamatope ndikukula kwambiri dziwe, kuya kwake kuyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 metres kuti nsomba zitheke. Ndi kuswana kwakukulu, nsomba zimadyanso ma invertebrates ang'onoang'ono omwe amapezeka kuchokera ku silt, zotsalira zamasamba ndi detritus. Izi ndi zabwino chifukwa mlimi sayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama kuti asungidwe. Koma njirayi ndi yoyenera pazosungira zazikulu zokha, pomwe kuchuluka kwa nsomba zamchere ndizochepa.

Kuti tiwonjezere kuchuluka kwa zinthu kuchokera mdera lomwelo, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira yolimba, yomwe maziko a mzerewu ndi odyetsa. Njirayi ndi yoyenera kuti ikukula mwachangu, yomwe imayambitsidwa mu dziwe mu kasupe, ndipo imagwidwa pakugwa kuti igulitse. Kuchokera pa mahekitala amodzi a dziwe, nsomba zingapo zimapezeka, koma mtengo wake woweta kwambiri ndi wokwera kwambiri.

Njira yodyetsera tench imaphatikizapo kudyetsa nsomba ndi chakudya chamagulu, masamba osankhidwa atsopano ophatikizidwa ndi phala, mbewu za udzu, ndi zinyalala za tirigu.

Kubala ndi kukulitsa tench yogulitsa

Mzere umayamba kuswana ndi mwachangu, womwe umapezeka mu malo ogulitsa nsomba mwapadera. Zogula zanyama zazing'ono zolemera 30-40 magalamu pazaka ziwiri za moyo zimafika pamtunda wa pafupifupi magalamu 200. Podzafika chaka chachitatu, chimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 400, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri chotsatsa nsomba. Kuchulukitsa kwakhumi ndi matani 1.2 pa hekitala iliyonse. Mukakula mu polyculture ndi carp, zokolola zonsezo zimatha kufika matani 1.5.

M'madziwe ang'onoang'ono, palibe vuto pogwira nsomba zabwino, chifukwa tench imadziwika kuti ndi yaulesi yomwe sinachoke m'malo ake odyetserako - ndiyosavuta kuyigwira ndikubaya. Ndizovuta kwambiri ndi nyanja zazikulu ndi dziwe, sizikupanga nzeru kugwiritsa ntchito kukoka mwa iwo, sizingatheke kuphimba gawo lonse lamadzi. Njira yokhayo othandiza pamenepa ndiyotuluka. Mchitidwewu umachitika usiku ndi phokoso losachepera kotero kuti tench isadziyike yokha pamalo otsetsereka.

Kusazindikira kwa tenchi komanso kutha kuyendetsa popanda mavuto kumawoneka ngati nsomba - yokhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, nsomba imatha kukhala popanda madzi kwa maola pafupifupi 48.

Kubereka mzere phindu

Ndikosavuta kuwerengera phindu lazachuma, chifukwa ndikofunikira kulingalira zinthu zomwe zingapangitse zotsatira zosiyana zachuma malinga ndi momwe bizinesi imagwirira ntchito. Komanso masiku ano ku Russia kulibe amene amabereka tenchi yokha. Mwabwino kwambiri, amamasulidwa mu dziwe ndi carp. Pazifukwa izi, ndalama zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga famu ya nsomba zidzaganiziridwa:

• Pafupifupi, ma ruble pafupifupi 5-7 miliyoni amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndikusungiramo posungira mahekitala 100. Ndalamazi zikuphatikiza kulengedwa kwa mpumulo wa posungira komanso kupanga maloko. Mukalandira dziwe kuchokera ku boma, mitengo yake imatha kuchepera.
• Muwonongerani ndalama pogula mwachangu tenchi. Kuti mudzaze malo osungira ndi mahekitala 100, ma ruble pafupifupi 2-3 miliyoni adzafunika. Mukamagwira nsomba iliyonse kugwa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mwachangu mwachangu. Ngati wamalonda angalole kuswana kokha, kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa nsomba, zitha kukhala zothekera kuti kuwaza nsomba padziwe kudzaphimba kuchepa kwaanthu chifukwa chakugwidwa. Ndiye kuti simukuwonongeranso ndalama podzaza posungira ndi mwachangu.
• Ndi njira yayikulu yolima teni, wamalonda adzafunika kuyika kuchuluka kwake podyetsa. Pazifukwa izi, zinyalala zaulimi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Kuthekera kopanga ndi alimi kuthandizira kuchepetsa mitengo - ali ofunitsitsa kugulitsa zochuluka pamitengo yotsika mtengo.
• Ndalamazi zikuphatikiza malipiro a mlonda, yemwe amayang'anira madamu padziwe, kuti amuteteze kwa ozizira.
• Padzakhala zinyalala komanso polipira ntchito za usodzi ndikuzinyamula kupita kumalo kukagulitsidwa.

Pafupifupi, mtengo pa kilogalamu iliyonse ya nsomba yomwe imakulitsidwa ndi njira yayikulu ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 70 pa kilogalamu iliyonse. Ndi njira yayikulu - zochepa. Nsomba zouma kwambiri ndi pafupifupi ma ruble 100 pa kilogalamu, live tench - 120-140 rubles. Mukugulitsa, ndalama zidzakhala zochulukirapo. Chifukwa chake kuchokera pa phindu limodzi la kilogalamu imodzi padzakhala ma ruble 30-30, kutengera mtengo, mitengo yamakono, njira yokwaniritsira.

Pafupifupi, matani 1.2 a nsomba zamchere amapezeka pahekitala iliyonse ndi njira yolimbira. Chifukwa cha izi, nkhokwe imodzi yokhala ndi malo olima mahekitala 100 imatha kupatsa mwayi wabizinesiyo ndi phindu lokwera kuchokera ku nsomba, mpaka ma ruble miliyoni 3,6. Phindu likuwonjezeka kudzera pazowonjezera zomwe zimapeza: bungwe la asodzi olipira. Mwachitsanzo, m'matawuni a Moscow msodzi amalipira ruble masauzande angapo patsiku. Ngati anthu 10 asodza tsiku lililonse padziwe, ndalama zowonjezerazi zimakhala pafupifupi ma ruble 10,000 mpaka tsiku.

Zojambula pamiyeso

Nyama ya mzere, yomwe idagwidwa kumapeto kwa Epulo kapena koyambirira kwa Meyi, imawonedwa ngati yokoma kwambiri. Mukatulutsa, mitembo sikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya. Kukoma ndi kununkhira kwa nsomba izi nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti anthu ambiri akane kudya khumi. Izi ndi nsomba zamchere zatsopano zomwe zimakonda marshy bottoms, chifukwa chake nyama yake imatha kukhala sludge. Koma kuthetsa vutoli ndikosavuta: ikani nsomba zamadzi m'madzi oyera kwa maola 12-14. Ngati njirayi singathandize, gwiritsani ntchito zonunkhira ndi mandimu.

Asanaphike nsomba, mtembo amayeretsedwa. Pakadali pano, amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa ma mankhusu onse kuti asawononge khungu la nsomba, lomwe pambuyo kuphika kapena kuphika limasandulika kukhala gori wokoma wagolide.

Tench ndi nsomba yosinthika, chifukwa imatha kuphika, kuwotchera, kuphika, kuphika, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika nsomba ndi supu. Kudzaza kosiyanasiyana kumakonzedwa kuchokera ku fillet ya nsomba. Mtembo wa Tench umakhala wokoma kwambiri mukaphika wowawasa wowawasa ndi vinyo, umawukhira ndikuwuphika ndi zitsamba. Ma gourmet ambiri ngati okazinga ndi ophika khumi, chifukwa filletayo ndi yachifundo komanso yowutsa mudyo.

Ngati mukuphika tench, pre-marine nsomba mu mandimu ndi zonunkhira, ndiye kuphika ndi gulu la katsabola, kuyikidwa m'mimba mwa mtembo.

Pazinthu za ntchofu wa tenisi

Phulusa lomwe limaphimba thupi la tench limakhala ndi zinthu zochiritsa chifukwa chakuti ndi mankhwala achilengedwe olimbana ndi chilengedwe. Kafukufuku adachitidwa ndi ichthyologists, omwe adazindikira kuti nsomba zamatenda zimabwera kudzathandizidwa ndi anthu athanzi: amapaka kumbali ya nsomba yam'mimba. Njirayi imathandiziranso kuteteza ku tizirombo ta madzi.

Nsomba zokha, chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa ntchofu, zimapulumutsidwa ngakhale nthawi yachisanu, ikabisala kuzizira. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti ngakhale pike wodwala yemwe adwala amadzidalira yekha kuti apatsidwe "mankhwala" ndipo samawavulaza. Koma pike wathanzi sasamala kudya nsomba zathanzi. Zoyang'anira nyama sizimawona ngati chakhumi monga chakudya, mwina chifukwa cha ntchofu womwe nsomba imakutidwa.

Nsombayo idadziwikanso ndendende chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa ntchofu zachilendo. Nsomba ikafika pamadzi ndi madzi, ntchofu zake zimayamba kuzimiririka, ndipo zimachita khungu. Pambuyo pake, imasowa kwathunthu mzidutswa, pomwe pali mamba owala. M'mawu osavuta - nsomba zam'mimba. Kuchokera pamenepa, dzina la nsomba ndi khumi.

Zosangalatsa

Zina mwa mzere ndizodabwitsa. Nsombayo ili ndi khungu lolimba komanso lopanda mphamvu. Koma sizinthu zokhazo zomwe zidakhudza kwambiri ofufuzawo. Thupi la nsomba limatha kupanga mapuloteni enaake omwe nsomba zina mulibe - ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi zinthu. Kafukufuku watsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi ma virus ndi ma virus ambiri a pakhungu.

Kupezeka kwa chinthuchi kumateteza mzere ku matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza anthu ena okhala ndi matupi amadzi. Izi zinali zokondweretsa kwambiri kwa asayansi aku Japan kotero kuti amafuna kupanga othandizira amphamvu kuchokera ku nthumbu ya tench. Koma kafukufuku wazaka zingapo wasonyeza - izi ndi zenizeni, koma zovuta kwambiri komanso zodula.

Asayansi adadabwa kuwona kuyesa kwa magazi a nsomba. Zinapezeka kuti ili ndi ichthyotoxins - zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi poizoni.Zofanana ndi izi zidapezedwa kale m'matupi am'madzi amtsinje, pelamide ya carp, tuna, ndi madzi ena abwino komanso anthu okhala m'madzi. Choopsa kwambiri ndi nsomba zam'madzi. Kuyesera kunachitika komwe mbewa za labotale zimagwiritsidwa ntchito - atatha kulumikizana ndi mankhwala oopsa, kufa kumachitika pafupifupi 85% ya milandu, ndipo mwachangu kwambiri - mkati mwa mphindi 10-30.

Chiwopsezo chachikulu cha zinthu zakupha m'matupi a nsomba chimawonedwa panthawi yophukira. Ofufuzawo sanadziwe chomwe chikugwirizana ndi izi. Nkhani yabwino ndiyakuti mitembo ya tench ilinso ndi zochepa za ichthyotoxins, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosafunikira kukana kudya nsomba iyi. Ziphe zimawonongedwa ndi kutentha kwa nsomba. Ngozi yokhayo kwa anthu ndikungowerenga zinthu zapoizoni m'magazi.

Tench ndi nsomba yochokera ku banja la carp. Mitundu yodziwika ya nsomba imawoneka ngati mawonekedwe apadera, kukoma kwambiri, kusazindikira thupi. Ndikopindulitsa kuswana nsomba limodzi ndi nyama - izi zimachulukitsa ndalama.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Tench ndi mtundu wa nsomba zokhomedwa ndi ray za banja la cyprinid komanso dongosolo la cyprinid. Ndi m'modzi payekhapayekha wa mtundu womwewo (Tinca). Kuchokera ku dzina la banja la nsomba ndizodziwikiratu kuti carp ndiye wachibale wapafupi kwambiri wa tench, ngakhale kuti simungathe kudziwa nthawi yomweyo mawonekedwe, chifukwa palibe zofanana poyamba. Mamba ogwiritsa ntchito ma Microscopic, omwe amakhala ndi maolivi agolide komanso ma buluu wochititsa chidwi, kuphimba - izi ndi mbali zazikulu za mzerewu.

Chochititsa chidwi: Pa mzere womwe umatulutsidwa m'madzi, ntchofu zimawuma mwachangu ndikuyamba kugwa, ndikuwoneka kuti nsomba zikutuluka, zikukhetsa khungu. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndichifukwa ichi adayitanidwa.

Palinso lingaliro lina lokhudza dzina la nsomba, lomwe limadziwika ndi moyo. Nsombazo sizobowola komanso sizigwira ntchito, ambiri amakhulupirira kuti dzina lake limalumikizidwa ndi mawu oti "ulesi", omwe pambuyo pake adapeza mawu atsopano monga "tench".

Kanema: Lin

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, tench siyogawika mitundu yosiyanasiyana, koma pali mitundu ingapo yomwe anthu adabzala mwangozi, awa ndiye mzere wagolide ndi Kwolsdorf. Choyamba ndi chokongola komanso chofanana ndi nsomba ya golide, motero nthawi zambiri chimakhala m'malo osungirako zokongoletsera. Lachiwiri ndilofanana ndi mzere wofananira, koma limakula mwachangu kwambiri komanso limakhwima (nsomba imodzi ya kilogalamu imodzi imawerengedwa kuti ndi yofanana).

Ponena za mzere wamba womwe umapangidwa ndi chilengedwe chomwechi, umathanso kufikika modabwitsa, mpaka kutalika mpaka 70 cm ndi kulemera kwa thupi mpaka 7.5 kg. Zonena zotere ndizosowa, motero, kutalika kwa thupi la nsomba kumasiyana kuchokera pa 20 mpaka 40. M'dziko lathu, asodzi nthawi zambiri amagwira mzere wolemera mpaka magalamu 150 mpaka 700.

Ena amagawa mzere wofanana ndi malo osungirako komwe amakhala.

• mzere wam'madzi, womwe umadziwika kuti ndi waukulu komanso wamphamvu kwambiri, umakonda nyanja zazikulu ndi malo osungira,
• mzere wamtsinje, womwe ndi wosiyana ndi woyamba mu ting'onoting'ono, pakamwa pa nsomba timadzuka, timakhala m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje,
• mzere wa dziwe, womwe ulinso wocheperako kuposa mzere wam'madzi ndipo umakhalamo bwino m'malo osungirako zachilengedwe komanso maiwe okumba,
• inchi tench, yomwe imakhala m'malo osungirako, chifukwa momwe mulitali mwake simapitilira masentimita 12 kutalika, koma ndizofala kwambiri.

Kodi khumi amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: nsomba khumi pamadzi

Pafupipafupi, menyu a mzerewu amakhala ndi ma invertebrates omwe amakhala pansi pamatope.

Zakudya za nsomba ndizosiyanasiyana, tench siosangalatsa kuluma:

• chimfine,
• otchera
• nsikidzi zamadzi
• mimbulu
• osambira
• nsomba zina,
• phytoplankton,
• ma clams
• nsikidzi zamadzi,
• mphutsi zamtundu uliwonse (makamaka udzudzu).

Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chanyama, tench amadya mafuta a masamba mwachisangalalo: mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya algae, mphukira za sedge, bango, malo ogulitsa, maluwa a maluwa amadzi.

Chosangalatsa: Pazakudya, tench ndiyosasamala, ilibe zakudya zapadera (makamaka nyengo), chifukwa chake imatenga zomwe imagwera pansi pa zipsepse.

Malo omwe kudyetsako nsomba zimasankhidwa ndi madera okhala ndi matope kapena pansi komanso pang'onopang'ono. Kuti mupeze chakudya, mizere imayenera kukumba mozungulira, kuthyolako pansi, zomwe zimakwiyitsa mabatani am'mwamba padziko lapansi, omwe amapereka mzerewo. Nthawi yodyetsa mzerewu imayamba m'mawa kwambiri kapena m'bandakucha. Masana, ndi kuwala kambiri dzuwa, nsomba sizikufuna kudyetsa. Usiku, tench samadyetsa, koma imagona pansi pamatope. Ndi nyengo yozizira yozizira, nsomba imadya pang'ono ndikudya pang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kukonzekera hibernation mukamadyetsa kwathunthu.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Golden tench

Lin, mosiyana ndi abale ake a carp, amadziwika mochedwa, mochedwa, komanso momasuka. Lin ndiwosamala kwambiri, wamanyazi, chifukwa chake zimakhala zovuta kugwira. Wokodwa pa mbedza, zonse zikusintha: amayamba kuchita zankhanza, mwaluso, amaponya mphamvu zake zonse kukana ndipo amatha kumasuka mosavuta (makamaka chochitika cholemetsa). Izi ndizosadabwitsa, chifukwa mukafuna kukhala ndi moyo, simumangokhala otanganidwa.

Tcheki, ngati molekyu, imayatsidwa ndi kuwala kowala, sakonda kutuluka, ikadzisungira ikubisalira, m'nkhokwe zamadzi mozama. Anthu okhwima amakonda kukhala okha, koma nyama zazing'ono nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizidwa pamagulu oyambira nsomba 5 mpaka 15. Amapezanso chakudya chakhumi.

Chidwi Chosangalatsa: Ngakhale kuti tench ndiyowoneka bwino komanso yopanda ntchito, imapanga zosunthira zakudya pafupifupi tsiku lililonse, kusuntha kuchokera pagombe mpaka pakuya, kenako ndikubwerera kugombe. Pakuwonongeka, amatha kuyang'ananso malo atsopano owonongera.

Chakumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, mizere imayamba kugwera ndipo imagwera pansi pomwepo, zomwe zimatha ndikubwera kwa masiku a masika, pomwe mzere wamadzi umayamba kutentha mpaka madigiri anayi wokhala ndi chikwangwani chowonjezera. Wadzuka, mizereyo imathamangira m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndikukula kwambiri ndi zomera zam'madzi, zomwe amayamba kuzilimbitsa atatha kudya nthawi yayitali yozizira. Zikuwoneka kuti pakuwotcha kwambiri nsomba imakhala yowopsa ndikuyesera kukhala pafupi pansi, pomwe imazizira. Pamene nthawi yophukira iyandikira ndipo madzi ayamba kuzizira pang'ono, tench imakhala yogwira ntchito kwambiri.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Gulu la Lines

Monga taonera kale, mizere ya anthu achikulire, imakonda kukhala yokhayokha m'malo ozama. Ndi achinyamata osazindikira okha omwe amapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono. Musaiwale kuti tench ndi thermophilic, chifukwa chake imangofalikira kumapeto kwa Meyi. Madziwo akatenthedwa kale (kuyambira 17 mpaka 20 madigiri). Ming'oma imayamba kukhwima pafupi ndi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, ikalemera kuchokera ku 200 mpaka 400 magalamu.

Pakuchepa kwawo, nsomba zimasankha malo osaya omwe ali ndi mitundu yonse yazomera ndipo pang'ono kuwombedwa ndi mphepo. Njira zowaza zimadutsa m'magawo angapo, magawo pakati omwe amatha mpaka milungu iwiri. Caviar imayikidwa osaya, nthawi zambiri yopingasa mita, yophatikiza nthambi zamitengo zomwe zimatsitsidwa m'madzi ndi mbewu zam'madzi zingapo.

Chochititsa chidwi: Mizereyo ndi yachonde kwambiri, mkazi m'modzi amatha kubereka mazira 20 mpaka 600, nthawi yakukhazikika yomwe imasiyana maola 70 mpaka 75 okha.

Mazira a tench si akulu kwambiri ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wobiriwira. Fryasi yemwe adabadwa, pafupifupi 3 mm kutalika, samachoka komwe adabadwira masiku angapo, wolimbikitsidwa ndi michere yomwe yatsala mu yolk sac. Kenako amayamba ulendo wodziyimira pawokha, kulumikizana pagululo. Zakudya zawo poyambirira zimakhala ndi zooplankton ndi algae, kenako ma invertebrates apansi amawonekera.

Nsomba zazing'ono zimamera pang'onopang'ono, pofika chaka chimodzi kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 3-4. Pambuyo chaka china, zimawonjezeka kawiri ndipo pazaka zisanu zokha kutalika kwawo kumafika masentimita makumi awiri. Zinakhazikitsidwa kuti kukulitsa ndi kukula kwa mzerewu kumapitilizabe kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, ndipo amakhala ndi zaka 12 mpaka 16.

Adani achilengedwe a mzere

Modabwitsa, nsomba zamtendere komanso zamanyazi ngati tench, zilibe adani ambiri kuthengo. Nsomba imeneyi imakhala ndi buluzi mosiyanasiyana ndi thupi. Asodzi ndi nyama zomwe zimakonda kudya nsomba zomwe zimakonda kudya nsomba, zimaleka mphuno zawo, zomwe sizimawonjezera chidwi chawo chifukwa cha ntchofu wosasangalatsa, womwe umakhalanso ndi fungo lake lenileni.

Nthawi zambiri, ochulukirapo, achichepere komanso osadziwa zambiri amavutika. Tench sitchinjiriza masonry ake, ndipo mwachangu amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu, chifukwa chake, tinsomba tating'onoting'ono ndi mazira mosangalala amadya nsomba zingapo (pike, nsomba), ndi nyama (otters, muskrats), ndi mafoni am'madzi sasamala kudya. Mavuto achilengedwe achilengedwe nawonso ndi omwe amachititsa mazira ambiri kufa, pomwe kusefukira kwamadzi ndi madzi kumatsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti caviar, yemwe ali m'madzi osaya, amangowuma.

Munthu amathanso kutchedwa mdani wa tench, makamaka amene amayendetsa bwino ndodo yosodza. Nthawi zambiri nsomba 10 zimayamba isanayambe. Achinyamata omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yonse ya nyambo zachinyengo ndi nyambo, chifukwa tench imasamala kwambiri zatsopano. CCA tench ili ndi maubwino angapo: poyamba, imakhala yovuta kwambiri, chachiwiri, nyama yake ndi yokoma kwambiri komanso yodyetsa, ndipo chachitatu, palibe chifukwa choyeretsa mamba, ndiye kuti sipatenga nthawi yayitali kuti musokoneze nayo.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Mukulirapo kwa Europe, malo okhala khumi amakhala ochulukirapo. Ngati tizingolankhula za kuchuluka kwa mzere wonse, titha kudziwa kuti kuchuluka kwake sikuopseze kutha, koma pali zifukwa zingapo zoyipa zomwe zimakhudza iwo molakwika. Choyamba, ndikuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwa nkhokwezi komwe amasungako tench. Izi ndi chifukwa cha zochitika zachuma zachuma za anthu.

Imfa yakuchepa kwa tench imawonedwa nthawi yozizira, pamene dontho lambiri lakugwa m'madzi osungira, zomwe zimatsogolera kuti nthawi yozizira nsomba ikungoziziritsa ayezi, samakhala ndi malo oti nthawi zambiri azikumba ndi silika komanso nthawi yozizira. Pa gawo la dziko lathu, kuba, kukuchuluka kuposa ma Urals, chifukwa chake anthu khumi akuchulukirachulukira.

Zochita zonsezi za anthu zidabweretsa kuti madera ena, athu komanso akunja, tench idayamba kutha ndikuchititsa nkhawa mabungwe azachilengedwe, chifukwa chake adalembedwa m'mabuku ofiira a malowa. Apanso, ndikofunikira kufotokozera kuti izi zachitika kokha m'malo ena, ndipo osati kulikonse, kwenikweni, tench imabalalitsidwa kwambiri ndipo chiwerengero chake chili pamlingo woyenera, popanda kuyambitsa mantha aliwonse, omwe sangakhale osangalala. Tikukhulupirira kuti izi zipitilira mtsogolo.

Alonda Omwe

Chithunzi: Lin kuchokera ku Red Book

Monga tanena kale, kuchuluka kwa mizere kumadera ena kunachepetsa kwambiri chifukwa cha zochita za anthu, chifukwa chake ndinayenera kuwonjezera nsomba yosangalatsayi ku Red Book yamagawo amodzi. Tench adalembedwa mu Red Book of Moscow ngati mtundu wosatetezeka m'gawo lino. Zomwe zikulepheretsa pano ndikuthamangitsidwa kwamadzi akuda mu Mtsinje wa Moscow, kuwonetsera pagombe, malo osambira ambiri oyendetsa magalimoto omwe amasokoneza nsomba zamanyazi, komanso kuchuluka kwa rotan kudya lingua caviar ndi mwachangu.

Kummawa kwa Siberia, tench imawonedwanso ngati madzi osowa, makamaka m'madzi a Nyanja ya Baikal. Kukula kwa kupha anthu kunabweretsa izi, choncho tench ili mu Red Book of Buryatia. Lin limadziwika kuti ndi losowa kwambiri m'dera la Yaroslavl chifukwa chosowa malo obisika okhala ndi masamba am'madzi, momwe amatha kutumphuka modekha. Zotsatira zake, zalembedwa mu Red Book la dera la Yaroslavl. Kudera la Irkutsk, tench yalembedwanso m'Buku Lofiyira la dera la Irkutsk. Kuphatikiza pa dziko lathu, tench yatetezedwa ku Germany, monga pamenepo nambala yake ndiyochepa kwambiri.

Kusunga nsomba zamtunduwu, njira zotsatirazi zosungidwa zikulimbikitsidwa:

• kuyang'anira nthawi zonse anthu odziwika,
• kuwunika malo osaka nthawi yozizira komanso malo owuma,
• kuteteza zachilengedwe m'magombe,
• kuyeretsa zinyalala ndi kuwonongeka kwa mafakitale komwe kumatulutsa ndi malo ozizira,
• zoletsa kusodza panthawi yophukira,
• Chilango chokhwima cha kuba.

Mapeto ake, ndikufuna kuwonjezera chachilendo kwa ntchofu ndi kukula kwa masikelo khumi, idawululiridwa kwa ambiri ochokera kumiyeso yosiyanasiyana, chifukwa machitidwe ake ndi machitidwe ake, omwe adapezeka mwamtendere, osakhazikika komanso osasamala, adawunikiridwa. Maonekedwe a tench wokongola sangasokonezeke ndi ena, chifukwa Ndizoyambira komanso zoyambirira kwambiri.

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera teni ndi iti?

Nyambo yabwino kwambiri ya ult ndi nyongolotsi wamba. Mkhalidwe waukulu - nyambo iyenera kukhala yaying'ono osati kuyambitsa kukayikira muusodzi wosamala.

Malo omwe nsombayo ili kupezeka imatha kuwonekera ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wochokera kumtunda. Mwa asodzi, izi zimatchedwa "njira yanjira" kapena "msewu wanjira".

Kodi mudakhalapo ndi CATCH YOLALIKIRA YONSE?

Munali liti komaliza kugwirira mapiritsi / mitembo / mitembo yambiri?

Nthawi zonse timafuna kupeza zotsatira kuchokera ku usodzi - kugwira nsomba zitatu zokha, koma ma kilogalamu khumi ndi awiri - izi ndi zomwe adzagwidwe! Aliyense wa ife amalota za izi, koma si aliyense amadziwa bwanji.

Kugwidwa kwabwino kumatheka (ndipo tikudziwa izi) chifukwa cha nyambo yabwino.

Itha kukonzedwa kunyumba, mutha kugula m'masitolo asodzi. Koma m'masitolo ndi okwera mtengo, kuti muziphika nyambo kunyumba, muyenera kuthera nthawi yambiri, ndipo, molondola, nthawi zambiri nyambo zanyumba zimayenda bwino.

Kodi mukudziwa kukhumudwitsidwa pamene mudagula nyambo kapena kuphika kunyumba ndikugwira mapaundi atatu kapena anayi?

Ndiye mwina ndi nthawi yoti mutengere mwayi wogulitsa chinthu, ntchito zomwe zatsimikiziridwa mwasayansi komanso machitidwe pamitsinje ndi m'madziwe aku Russia?

Zachidziwikire, ndibwino kuyesa kamodzi kuposa kumva kangapo. Makamaka tsopano - nyengo yenyewe! Kuchotsera kwa 50% mukamaitanitsa ndi bonasi yabwino!