Zokongoletsera zimatha kukumbukira nkhope ya munthu ndikuzindikira pakati pa alendo angapo.

Kudziwana ndi munthu si ntchito yophweka, chifukwa kumamveka koyamba. Timasiyanitsa abwenzi athu, abale athu, anansi athu, ndipo palibe chovuta kwa ife pano, koma chifukwa cha "ntchito yovomerezeka" timafunikira maluso openyera bwino.

Nkhope za anthu onse ndizofanana kwambiri - mphuno imodzi, yomwe imakhazikika pakamwa nthawi zonse, maso awiri, omwe nthawi zonse amakhala pambali ya mphuno, etc. - ndipo mawonekedwe onse mawonekedwe amawonekera chifukwa cha kusiyana pang'ono kukula kwa mphuno, malo ake wachibale ndi maso, ndi zina zotero.

Mwachidziwikire, kusiyanasiyana kotereku kumafunikira, choyamba, kuyesedwa mwatsatanetsatane, ndipo chachiwiri, kusanthula. Mu cortex yathu ya ubongo, palinso gawo lapadera lomwe limapenda mwachindunji alendo, omwe amatchedwa kuti ma gimpu opindika, amagwira ntchito,, mogwirizana, ndi magawo ena a ubongo - mwachitsanzo, ngati nkhope yatsopano imawoneka ngati ikutidziwa kapena ayi zimatengera kulumikizana kwa mawonekedwe opindika girus wa nakoana.

Ponena za nyama zina, zakhala zikukhulupirira kuti mitundu yokhayokha yomwe imakhala ndi mitsempha yotukuka kwambiri, makamaka yoyambirira, imatha kusiyanitsa nkhope. (Monga momwe tikudziwira eni agalu ndi amphaka, sitingakambirane, komabe, tisaiwale kuti ziweto sizimawona anthu, komanso zimanunkhiza ndikuzimva, motero kuzindikira kwa eni akewo makamaka kumatengera zikwangwani.)

Kenako zidapezeka kuti ma corvids ena ali ndi kuthekera kofanana, komwe poyesa anazindikira anthu moyenera ndi mawonekedwe awo, osati ndi zizindikiro zina zakunja. Koma mbalamezo zimakhala zokhala maso, ndipo ubongo wawo ndi wovuta kwambiri, umakhala wosiyana ndi nyama. Ndipo sitingayembekezere kuti nyama zachikulire zomwe zokhala ndi makungwa osakhazikika - monga nsomba - zimatha kusiyanitsa nkhope ya munthu ndi ina, ngakhale zitaphunzitsidwa mwapadera.

Komabe, kuganiza motere kungakhale kuchepetsa luso la nsomba. Ofufuzawo ochokera ku Oxford ndi University of Queensland adayesa kuphunzitsa opanga matope kusiyanitsa nkhope imodzi ndi ena ambiri, ndipo izi zidatheka.

Makoswe omwe amakhala m'malo osungirako madzi otentha amatchuka ndi njira yawo yosaka: amalavulira mtsinje wamadzi mu tizilombo tokhala pamtunda pamwamba pamadzi, ndikugogoda iwo kuti adye nkhomaliro. Munthu angaganize momwe zimavalira kuti nsomba zizikupondera: amafunika kutuluka m'madzi pachitsime chomwe chili mlengalenga, ndipo, kuwonjezera apo, ndikofunikira kulingalira kuthamanga kwa mlandu wamadzi pawokha kuti usayambe kugwera pansi nthawi isanakwane.

Keith Newport (Chenjerani chatsopano) ndi anzake adayika zenera pamadzipo ndi ma splashes, pomwe adawonetsa zithunzi za anthu osiyanasiyana, ndikuphunzitsa nsomba kuti zikalavulira kumaso. Kenako nkhopeyi idawonetsedwa limodzi ndi anthu ena ambiri - ndipo zidapezeka kuti ma saputa mu 81-86% amatha kuzindikira za thupi.

Ngakhale zithunzithunzi zitasinthidwa kuti zisakhale zamtundu, kunyezimira ndi mawonekedwe a mutu, nsomba zimadonanso malovu moyenera, ndiye kuti kwa iwo maonekedwe anali omwe anali ofunika. (Kanemayo wa momwe zonse zidachitikira zitha kuwonekera pano.) Zotsatira zonse zoyesererazi zikufotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi Malipoti asayansi.

Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti panalibe chifukwa chazambiri zodziwikitsa anthu pamaso pa nsomba, chifukwa chake kuthekera uku kunapezeka. Kuchokera pamenepa titha kunena kuti pofuna kuzindikira nkhope, zida zapadera za neural sizofunikira, ndikuti munthu atha kuphunzira mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zazikulu za neural zomwe zimazindikira ndikuwunikira chida chamayiko ozungulira.

Komabe, zingakhale bwino mwanjira ina kutiwone ngati nsomba zina, monga zokometsera, zitha kuzindikira nkhope zathu, ndi momwe ubongo wawo wa nsomba umagwirira ntchito.

Nkhani zonse "

Asayansi adayesa zophera nsomba zomwe zimapezeka m'mitsinje ndi nyanja zamchere

Zinapezeka kuti oponya nsomba mu malo otentha amatha kukumbukira nkhope za anthu ndiku "wombera "mitsinje yamadzi pazithunzi zokha za asayansi omwe adawadyetsa.

Izi zanenedwa mu nkhani yomwe idasindikizidwa mu magazine a Science Scient Reports.

"Kutha kusiyanitsa pakati pa nkhope kumawonedwa ndi luso lovuta kwambiri kotero kuti timaganiza kuti ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso anyani. Zowona kuti pali malo mu ubongo wathu womwe umayang'anira kuzindikira nkhope kumawonetsa kuti nkhope ndizinthu zapadera kwa ife. Tinayesa lingaliroli pofufuza ngati nyama yina yomwe ili ndi ubongo wosalira zambiri ikhoza kusiyanitsa nkhope, ngakhale singafunikire kutero, "atero Kat Newport, ofufuza ku University of Queensland ku Brisbane.

Mwa njira, asayansi apeza posachedwa kuti nsombazi zimatha "kuwombera" mitsinje yopyapyala yamadzi pa tizilombo mlengalenga, kuwombera ndi kuwadya.

Asayansi anena kuti kukhala ndi luso lotha kusaka, lomwe nthawi zambiri limadziwika kuti "nsomba zokuponya mivi," kungawapatse mwayi kusiyanitsa pakati pa maonekedwe ndi zinthu za zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo nkhope za anthu.

Kuyesaku kunapita motere: nsombazo zinawonetsedwa zithunzi ziwiri za nkhope za anthu, ndipo adayenera kuzikumbukira ndikusankha pakati pawo zomwe "atawombera", asayansi adawapatsa gawo la chakudya.

Zotsatira za kafukufukuyu, zidapezeka kuti owaza nsomba samangodziwa kusiyanitsa, komanso kukumbukira anthu osiyanasiyana 40, kuwaphatikiza ndi chakudya kapena kusapezeka. Nsomba, ngakhale ndizosowa kwazowunikira komanso kulephera kwa kuwona kwawo kuwona zinthu mlengalenga, nkhope zodziwika bwino mu milandu ya 81-86%.

"Popeza kuti ophera nsomba amatha kuthana ndi mavuto oterewa, zikusonyeza kuti ubongo wovuta komanso luso lamphamvu lodziwa sizofunikira kuti munthu adziwe nkhope. Zotheka kuti malo ozindikira m'maso athu adatulukira kuti munthu athe kuzindikira mosavuta nkhope zambiri zosadziwika bwino kapena kuzichita bwino, "adatero Newport.