Nkhumba ya ku Guinea ilinso Cavia porcellus (nkhumba yaying'ono).
Nyama iyi ndi m'gulu la makoswe a nkhumba yabanja. Alibe chochita ndi nkhumba, ndipo, nkhumba za girane zimadana ndi madzi, chifukwa chake musayese kuphunzitsa nkhumba kuti izisambira, imangonyira.
Mtundu woyamba. Chifukwa chake adayitanidwa ndi agonjetsi aku Spain, omwe adawona makoswe kwa nthawi yoyamba kuwafanizira ndi nkhumba zamkaka.
Mtundu wachiwiri. Dzinalo lidapita chifukwa cha momwe nkhumba zimaphikidwira ndi nzika. Pophika, ankawaza phula ndi madzi otentha kuti ayeretse ubweya. Anachotsanso chiputu cha nkhumba.
Mtundu wachitatu. Ili ndi dzina la nkhumba ya Guinea chifukwa cha kamvekedwe kamene amapanga. Kulankhula zopanda pake kuli ngati kukukuta ndi kuyesa.
Mtundu wachinayi. Chifukwa chofanana ndi nyama ndi nkhumba, kapangidwe ka mutu, khosi lolimba komanso kusowa m'chiuno.
"Marine" amangodziwika ku Russia ndi Germany. Poyamba, tidatcha kuti nkhumba yakunja, idalumikizidwa ndi njira yobweretsera makenthedwe "kuchokera kunyanja." Pambuyo pake dzinalo lidasinthidwa kukhala Guinea ya nkhumba.
M'mayiko ena, nkhumba zozungulira zimatchedwa Guinea nkhumba, Indian nkhumba, Dutch pig ndipo ngakhale kalulu wocheperako wochokera ku East Indies.
Khanda - zakale (nkhumba zam'mbuyo ndi zakale)
Nyama zoyenda pansi zimasungidwa ndi a Inca kalelo. Anthu ena aku South America ankapembedzerapo, komwe ankapereka nsembe. Ena anapatsidwa chakudya chokha. Pa mtundu wa Peruvia wojambula "Mgonero Womaliza" pakati pa tebulo pali mbale yankhumba yokazinga.
Nkhumba yoyeserera
M'zaka za zana la 16, atsamunda achi Spain adawona mwana wakhanda pamsika, kenako adalawa nyama yake m malo ogulitsira. Kununkhako kunali ngati nkhumba ya mkaka kapena nkhuku. Kuphatikiza apo, achichepere am'deralo amadzaza nyamayo isananyamuke, monga pokonza nkhumba.
Masiku ano, m'matumba a mbadwa za Incas, ndikosavuta kupeza nyama yaying'ono m'khola, osaganizira kuti posachedwa apeza tebulo lokazinga. Ndipo malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zodziwika bwino, anthu akumderalo amakhulupirira kuti utsi wa stovu ndiwothandiza kwa iwo. Chifukwa chake, zimasungidwa mu khitchini pafupi ndi kumva. M'malesitilanti, zakudya zawo zimaphikidwa ndi zitsamba, sosi zotentha. Nyama imatengedwa kuti ndi yazakudya.
Pafupifupi 1580, a ku Spain adayamba kubweretsa zinyenyeswazi ku Europe. Kutsata mtunda wautali kunathandizanso kuti anthu azizigwiritsa ntchito mosavuta. Maonekedwe osazolowereka, kutsetsereka komanso kusachita bwino kunagunda mtima wa munthu wotukuka. Ndipo adakhala mnyumba zodzikongoletsera zokha.
Maonekedwe Mayina: Guinea Nkhumba
Popeza njira inkadutsa pamadzi am'madzi, amachitcha "kutsidya lina". Popita nthawi, mawu akuti "for" amatayika. Koma dzinalo limasungidwa. Mwa njira, nkhumba zimatchulidwanso chimodzimodzi ku Germany, Poland ndi Russia. Ku England, amatchedwa nkhumba yaku India, m'maiko ena - Guinean, ku South America - gooey. Kunyumba, amadziwika kuti ndi kalulu.
Masiku ano, nyama zakunyanja izi ndizofala ku Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia ku vivo. Amakonda nyumba zotayidwa ngati nyumba. Nthawi zina, amakwanitsa kukumba pawokha. Khalidwe labwino nthawi zina limapangitsa kuti anthu 5-8 azisonkhana m'mabanja. Ndipo nkhumba sizidziwa kusambira komanso sindimakonda madzi.
Chibale cha Guinea chokhala ndi makoswe ndi mumps
Nkhumba ya ku Guinea ndiwokongola kwambiri. Sali m'gulu la artiodactyls. Kufanana kwake ndi nkhumba kumapangidwa ndi munthu ndipo kumakhazikitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zakunja. Thupi lakuthwa lomwe limakhala ndi miyendo yazifupi, lalifupi, khosi losakhwima, mutu waukulu - ndizo zonse zomwe zimafanana ndi mawonekedwe a nkhumba mkati mwake.
Komabe, mwana amadziwa momwe angafotokozere zakukhosi kwawo mokweza mawu. Pamalo abata, sizovuta kumva zonunkhira zomwe akutulutsa. Pakusowa kwa nyama, nyama imafinya makamaka mokweza, chofanana kwambiri ndi kufinya kwa nkhumba. Apa ndipomwe kufanana kwawo kumatha.
Momwe makentawo adalandirira "msanja" wa artiodactyl
Poyamba, tikuthana ndi komwe dzina la "mumps".
Pamene ogonjetsa aku Spain atafika kudziko lanyama za ziweto zam'tsogolo (Andes ku South America), anthu amderali adakweza makoswe ngati ziweto (mwanjira ina, "nyama"). Ndipo sizosadabwitsa kuti kwa nthawi yoyamba yomwe adawaona adawona mawonekedwe a mbale. Nyama yanyama imafanana ndi nkhumba zamkaka. Kuchokera pamenepo dzina "nkhumba" linachokera. Ili ndiye mtundu wowoneka bwino wa mawonekedwe.
Mwa njira, ku Peru mutha kupeza Cui (dzina loti nkhumba) ku mndandanda wa malo opezekera anthu ambiri, ngakhale izi sizofala ngati masiku a Columbus.
Chiyambi
Nkhumba za ku Guinea (kapena Guinea) zimasankhidwa kukhala makoswe amtundu wa nkhumba za genus Guinea kuchokera ku banja la nkhumba. Ngakhale zili choncho, nyamayo siimadutsana ndi kubereka kwa nkhumba, komanso sikugwirizana ndi nzika zam'nyanja yayikulu. Achibale awo ndi kalulu, gologolo, beaver, capybara.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndizokayikitsa kuti ali m'njira iliyonse yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi Guinea. Mayina amtunduwu abwino adaperekedwa kwa nyama zamtunduwu mwabwino mokhudzana ndi maonekedwe awo, kutengera mawonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe chawo, komanso kutengera malo awo ndi magawidwe ake. Pali mitundu ingapo yokhudza izi, koma ndizovuta kuvomereza china chilichonse.
Cavey (dzina lina kwa nkhumba za ku Guinea) ndi nyama yakale kwambiri. Ma Inca adawakonzera iwo m'ma XIII-XV, amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya chofunikira komanso chodyetsa nyama komanso popanga zokongoletsera. Malinga ndi wofufuza wina Neringa, nyama zakuthambo zimapezeka ku Peru kumanda a Ancona. Monga momwe mtundu wina wodalirika umanenera, makolo awo omwe adanenedwa kuti ndi makolo amakhalabe ku Peru.
Pakadali pano, mabizinesi ku Peru ali ndi nyama zopitilira 70 miliyoni. Chaka chilichonse amapanga pafupifupi matani 17,000 a nyama yamtengo wapatali. Kwa zaka zambiri, anthu okhala ku Andes akhala akupereka nyama za nyamazi, zomwe zili ndi mitundu yonse yazakudya ndi mitundu ya zipatso.
Nyama zakuthengo zimakhala m'mizere yaying'ono pamalo athyathyathya. Nyamayo ndi yotchinga, yokonzekeretsa nyumba zake mnyumba mobisa momwe zimakhalira ndi maulendo ambiri.
Nyama siyingadziteteze, chifukwa chake imakakamizidwa kukhala m'magulu. Ndipo gululo, monga mukudziwa, ndizosavuta kudabwitsa. Ntchito zoyang'anira zimawonetsedwa bwino ndipo zimachitidwa mwanjira yoyang'ana ngakhale awiriawiri. Ziberekeni mozama nyengo zosiyanasiyana, chifukwa chofunikira kuteteza mitundu.
Kuphatikiza apo, nkhumba zimamva kwambiri komanso kumva kununkhira kosadziwika. Pakakhala zoopsa, nyamazo zimabisala mwachangu mumakungu, komwe wozunza sawapeza. Nkhumba zimakhala zodetsa kwambiri - zimakonda “kusamba” ndi kusamba ana awo osatopa. Chifukwa chake, kupeza nyama ndi fungo la nyama zolusa sikophweka - chovala chake cha ubweya chimangokhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri la udzu.
Nyama zonyansa izi zidadziwika kwa azungu m'zaka za m'ma 1600 atalandidwa ndi zigawo zingapo zaku America ndi akazembe aku Spain. Pambuyo pake, ndi madzi, adafika ku Europe, komwe adafalikira ngati ziweto.
Kulemera kwakukulu kwa nkhumba yokhwima ndi 1-1,5 kg, kutalika - 25-35 cm. Oimira ena amafikira kulemera kwa 2 kg. Amakhala zaka 8-10.
Mu nkhumba zoweta, mtundu umakhala wa bulauni, m'mimba umakhala wopepuka. Nkhumba zakuthengo nthawi zambiri zimachita imvi. Pali magulu angapo azinyama a ziweto (okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana):
- ndi tsitsi lalifupi (selfies, mitanda ndi ena),
- wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali (Texel, Peruvian, Merino, Angora),
- ndi tsitsi lolimba (teddy, rex),
- wopanda kapena ubweya wocheperako (wadazi komanso wamkati).
Nyama zapakhomo ndizazungulirapo komanso ndizodzaza. Nyama zonyansa komanso zabwinozi zimakonda kunyamulidwa, kwinaku zikungoyambira bwino kubuma.
Usiku zimatha kukhala ngati tonne ngati mbalame. Nyimbo zokomera zimachitika ndi anyamata amuna akamayimba nyimbo zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa chakuwopsezedwa kwambiri kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, matenda ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa labotale. Izi zachititsa kuti agwiritse ntchito pozindikira matenda osiyanasiyana - diphtheria, chifuwa chachikulu ndi ena.
Pofufuza kwa asayansi otchuka aku Russia komanso akunja, akatswiri a bacteriologists (I.I. Mechnikov, N.F. Gamaley, R. Koch), malo achitetezo pakati pa nyama zoyesera.
Mbiri Yadzina
Onani chifukwa chake nyama yoseketsa iyi idatchedwa yachilendo. Maganizo angapo amadzina amadziwika, motero, amasiyanitsidwa ndi zizindikiro zingapo zachindunji ndi Zinthu ziwiri zikuluzikulu:
- mawonekedwe,
- Khalidwe ndi phokoso.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba za chirombo muzochita zake zasayansi (Theron of Peru), Pedro Sies de Leon alemba mu 1554, akumutcha "Ku" (Spanish: Cuy). Pambuyo pake m'mabuku a Diego G. Olgin (1608) pali "Ccoui", "Ccuy", lomwe limatanthawuza "kalulu wakomweko." Pankhaniyi, "ccuy" amatanthauzidwa kuti "mphatso". Ku kontrakitala yaku America, nthumwi zingapo za banja lino zasungira dzinali mpaka pano.
Ngati tingaganizire kuti nyamayi idadyedwa mosangalatsa, nyamayo imalemekezedwa, ndipo zifaniziro ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsa zomwe zili ndi chithunzi chake zilipo, ndiye kuti liwu loti "mphatso" lomwe lili mumtundu wa semantic limagwirizana ndi chinthucho.
Dzinali limatchedwa "guinea pig" kuyambira pomwe nyama zimadziwika ku Europe, komwe zimabweretsa ndi oyendetsa sitima aku Spain. Chifukwa chake, mwanjira yayitali kwambiri titha kunena kuti nyamazo zidakhala ndi dzina ku Europe ku Spain. Chifukwa chake, ndi dzanja lowala la oyendetsa sitima aku Spain, "mphatso ya kalulu" idasandulika nkhumba. Ndipo popeza "mphatso" yomweyi inali kutsidya lina, itafika ku Europe nyamayo inakhalanso "m'madzi", ngakhale kuti sinaphunzire kusambira.
Popereka dzina lotere ndikukhala anthu owonetsetsa, olemba adatinso kuchokera pazinthu zingapo za nyama zomwe zimawonekera pakuwoneka, komanso machitidwe a thupi komanso machitidwe.
Cavi amadziwika ndi: thupi lalitali, chovala chamkati, khosi lalifupi, miyendo yaying'ono. Pali zinayi kumaso ndi kutsogolo kwa 3 m'miyendo yakumbuyo, yokhala ndi zibwano zazikulu. Mchira wakusowa. Mawu a nyamayo ali ngati kukukutira kwa madzi, ndipo mantha akayamba kulowa. Kulira kwa nyama zomwe zimapangidwa ndi nyama zimatikumbutsa bwino kulira kwa nkhumba.
Kuphatikiza apo, kupukutira kosalala ndi kofanana kwambiri ndi dzina la nkhumba.
Cavey imafunafuna nthawi zonse ndipo imasungidwa m'makola ang'onoang'ono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazombo zonyamula nkhumba. Pazifukwa izi, fanizo la "nkhumba" ndiloyenera pano.
Zotheka kuti pano adachita mbali ndi momwe nzika zimaphika nkhumba pazakudya. M'mbuyomu, mitembo inkapatsidwa madzi otentha kuti achotse ubweya, monga kuchotsa machira ku nkhumba.
Komanso mitembo ya nyama yomwe ikugulitsidwa ku Peru imawoneka kwambiri ngati mitembo ya nkhumba zamkaka.
Ndime Zosadziwika
Zizindikiro zosadziwika, zomwe zochuluka zimatsimikizira zomwe zidaperekedwa kale za dzina loti "nkhumba". Komabe, pali zotsutsana.
Chifukwa chake, dzina la Chingerezi lomwe lili ndi "Guinean" limafotokozedwanso mosiyanasiyana. Chimodzi mwazosinthazi ndichotengera kuti malonda omwe amapanga ndi Guinea pa nthawi yomwe nyama zimawoneka ku Europe ndizo zinali zowonjezereka, ndichifukwa chake nthawi zambiri zinkasokonezedwa ndi madera ena. Mtundu wina umateteza lingaliro kuti poyambira magobo sanapangidweko, koma amangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya. Ndizotheka kuti chiyambi cha nkhumba ya idiom guinea - "nkhumba ya guinea" (mpaka 1816, Guinea) ndi ndalama yotchedwa boma la Guinea komwe Britain adayikamo golide) ikugwirizana ndendende ndi izi.
Lingaliro linanso - ku England nthawi imeneyo, "Guinea" m'njira zofananira zimafanana ndi chilichonse chomwe chimachokera kumaiko akutali. Pali lingaliro kuti m'mapanga munalidi malonda a 1 Guinea. Ndizotheka kuti zilembo zomwe mayina a Guiana (Guiana) ndi Guinea (Guinea) adangosokonezeka.
Gwiritsani ntchito mawu achi Latin akuti Cavia porcellus, ali ndi porcellus - "nkhumba yaying'ono", koma liu loti colia limachokera ku cabiai (dzina la nyamayo m'fuko la Galibi, yemwe amakhala ku French Guiana). Chifukwa chake, akatswiriwa amagwiritsa ntchito dzina loti Cavy (keivi), pomwe liwu loti "nkhumba ya ku Guinea" limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.
M'dziko lathu, mawuwa adachokera ku Poland (swinka morska), komanso ku Poland - kuchokera ku Germany.
Dzinalo la nkhumba zonyamula m'mayiko osiyanasiyana
Mwambiri, tanthauzo la nyama limakhala ndi mawu oti "nkhumba." Chifukwa chake achi French ali ndi nkhumba ya India, Achi Dutch amakhala ndi nkhumba ya ku Guinea, Apwitikizi amakhala ndi nkhumba yaing'ono yaku India, Achichaina amakhala ndi nkhumba ya Dutch. Mndandanda umapitilirabe.
Komabe, zimafanana ndi nyama zina. Mu Japan - モ ル モ ッ ト (morumutto - groundhog), m'Chisipanishi - conejillo de Indias (kalulu waung'ono wa ku India), m'modzi mwanjira zachi Germany - merswin (dolphin). Kusiyana kwakuthwa koteroko nthawi zambiri kumafotokozeredwa ndi mawonekedwe a chilankhulo ndi zochitika pa katchulidwe.
Mwachidule, tikuwona kuti m'zilankhulo zosiyanasiyana nyamayi imatchedwa mosiyanasiyana:
- m'Chijeremani - nkhumba ya Guinea
- mu Chingerezi - Nkhumba yaku Guinea, patali yokhala ndi nyumba, yosasenda (yosuntha)
- Chisipanishi - nkhumba yaku India,
- mu French - Indian nkhumba,
- ku Ukraine - nkhumba ya morska, patali Guinea,
- Chitaliyana - nkhumba yaku India,
- Chipwitikizi - Indian nkhumba,
- m'Dutch - Indian nkhumba.
Zikuwonekeratu kuti mayina osiyanasiyana amawonetsa mbiri yakale komanso gwero la nyama m'dziko linalake. Chofunikira pa nkhaniyi ndi zomwe ziyankhulo za dziko linalake. Komabe, kukhalapo kwa chifaniziro chachikulu cha "nkhumba" m'dzina la cholengedwachi chimayankhulira mtundu waukuluwo. Komanso, "mamps" samadula khutu kwambiri ngati gwero lake loyambira.
Zingakhale choncho, koma nkhumba yosungiramo nyama ndi nyama yokongola, yabwino komanso yoseketsa yomwe imakhalabe mphatso yeniyeni kwa okonda zinyama makamaka kwa ana.
Onani chifukwa chake nkhumba yamtundu wotchedwa vidiyo yotsatira.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yamkaka ikusilira?
Nthawi zambiri, kufinya si kwenikweni tanthauzo laphokoso la nkhumba za ku Guinea. Eya, iwo satopa! M'malo mwake, amachita izi: wik-wik.
Izi, monga zimatchulidwira kuti "squeak" za nkhumba zowetera, nthawi zambiri zimalumikizidwa ndi kumverera kwanjala. Ngati pali nthawi yodziwika pamene mumakonda kudyetsa nkhumba yanu yantchire, ndiye kuti nthawi imeneyi Wicca imamveka kawirikawiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, ngati nkhumba ikuwona kuti mukuyandikira ndi chakudya, onetsetsani kuti mukumva "kufinya". Nthawi zina mutha kuwona momwe makutu a nkhumba amayamba kuyenda molumikizana ndi Wicca. Nthawi zina, mutha kuwona "popcorning" wa nkhumba yopondera ndi mawu ofanana.
Nkhumba ya ku Guinea "imafinya" kokha kuti ikope chidwi cha mwini. Izi zitha kunenedwa kuti ndi zopangidwa, mawu okumba, omwe amangofuna kukopa chidwi cha anthufe. Kodi tikudziwa bwanji izi? Akatswiri ochita nawo kafukufuku wa nkhumba zamtchire, adatsimikiza kuti mawu ngati amenewa sakonda nkhumba zamtchire zomwe zimakhala kuthengo. Mwinanso chifukwa sanakhalepo ndi anthu kumeneko omwe amawadyetsa mathalauza pawotchi ndikubweretsa maswiti amadzimadzi.
Chifukwa chake, "kufinya" ndi mtundu wa nkhumba zokhazokha zokhazokha ndipo kumatanthauza kuti "Hei, mbuyanga, ndili pano!", Kapena: "Yafika nthawi yoti mupumule!" .
Werengani zambiri za phokoso lomwe lili munkhani ya "Guinea Pig Sounds"
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yam'madzi idumphira?
Makampani ena obereketsa amadabwitsidwa kwambiri komanso kudabwitsa kuti nkhumba yamtundu wina ikadumphe mwadzidzidzi popanda chifukwa (nthawi zina ngakhale ndi mlengalenga), ndipo imadumphadumpha mosayembekezereka.
Funso loyamba: kodi ndi ndani?
Ena amayamba kukayikira nkhumba zawo zam'madzi zaphwanyika kapena kupsinjika, wina akuganiza kuti anali ndi mantha, ndipo owoneka bwino kwambiri amawonetsa kuti pali matenda a chiwewe :) Ndivomera, ndinadabwitsidwanso koyamba ndi zikhalidwe zosazolowereka zazikazi zathu. Koma ndendende mpaka nditadziwa za popcorning.
Mawu oti "popcorning" adabwera kwa ife kuchokera Kumadzulo, ndikuyenera kunena, akuwonetsa bwino kuzungulira kwa nkhumba kudumpha - mwakufanizira ndi chimanga cha chimanga, chomwe chimadumphira mwadzidzidzi kuchokera pakutentha.
Ndithamangira kukudziwitsani, popcorning ndi chikhalidwe chofala kwa nkhumba za ku Guinea. Ndipo zoseketsa komanso zoseketsa, ndiyenera kunena! Nkhumba zina zimatha kudumphira m'mwamba ndi matupi awo onse, ndipo zina zimatha kumenya miyendo yakutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Nthawi zambiri, nkhumba zimapanga phokoso.
Popcorning ndimakonda zofala kwa nkhumba zazing'ono. Nkhumba zachikulire za agogo zimapezekanso, ngakhale nthawi zambiri, ndipo sizimadumphadumpha ngati achinyamata.
"Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yanga ikulumphira? Kodi chifukwa chiyani izi?" - mumafunsa.
Popcorning ndi chikhalidwe cha nkhumba zamtchire pomwe nyama, ndikudumpha, imawonetsa chisangalalo chake komanso mawonekedwe ake abwino.
Nguluwe ikalumpha, ichi ndi chizindikiro choyamba kuti ndi wokondwa komanso wosangalala. Khalidweli litha kuonedwa mukamapatsa nkhumba udzu watsopano kapena chakudya chotsekera, kapena mungopita ku khola ndikuyamba kuyankhula ndi nkhumba.
Abusa nthawi zambiri amafuna kuwonetsa zotsatira za kuwonekera kwa abwenzi kapena kuwombera kanema woseketsa uyu pavidiyo, koma, mwatsoka, sizigwira ntchito kukakamiza nkhumba "kutulutsa" popereka. Kupumira kumatulutsa mawu osafunikira. Njira zabwino zowalimbikitsira kulumpha ndi kuchita zomwe zimawakondweretsa, monga kuwadyetsa bwino, kucheza nawo, kusewera komanso kuyankhula. Ndipo kenako nkhumba idzakusangalatsani ndi kudumpha kwanu kosangalatsa!
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yamkondoyi ikuyimba?
Kuboola, kokhala ngati phokoso lalikulu kosungidwa ndi nguluwe, komwe nthawi zambiri kumatchedwa kuti likhweru, kumakhala kaphokoso, mantha, kapena kupweteka.
Mukamva mawu awa, ndibwino kuti muwone ngati nkhumba zamtchire zili bwino kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chomwe chikuwopseza nkhumbazo ndikuti palibe amene wavulala.
Zikumveka ngati:
Koma zimatha kukhala zochulukirapo komanso kupyoza kwambiri.
Werengani zambiri za phokoso lomwe lili munkhani ya "Guinea Pig Sounds"
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yamtunduwu imalira?
Nkhumba za ku Guinea ndi nyama zolimba zomwe sizimadwala. Koma nthawi zina mumazindikira mwadzidzidzi kuti nkhumba yamtundu wayamba kukwawa.
Nthawi zambiri, kukanda ndi kutsuka chovala cha ubweya ndi njira zachilengedwe komanso zaukhondo zomwe zimakonda kufala nkhumba. Nyama izi zimakhala zoyera kwambiri mwachilengedwe, ukhondo wa thupi komanso kusowa kwa kununkhira ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino kuthengo, chitsimikizo kuti omwe amadyawo sangazipeze ndi fungo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusiyanitsa pakati pa "kutsuka" mwachizolowezi kuchokera pakukanika kosalekeza.
Ngati mungazindikire kuti imodzi mwa nkhumba imayamba kukwawa mwachisawawa kapena kuwonetsa zizindikiro zina, ngati mupeza zilonda kapena zilonda m'thupi, ndiye kuti ndi chizindikiro choopsa. Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi ndi omwe amachititsa kuti khungu lanu liziyenda bwino kwambiri, koma pali zovuta zina. Poterepa, muyenera kufunsa dokotala wofufuza zamanyama kuti adziwe zoyenera kudziwa. Nthawi zambiri, adokotala amatha kudziwa ngati ali ndi zotsatira zoyeserera, koma nthawi zina pamakhala kuti, kuti mupeze chomwe chikuyambitsa, ndikofunikira kupukuta khungu ndi chovala cha nkhumba ya Guinea. Tsoka ilo, si magulu onse azachipatala m'dziko lathu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi nkhumba za Guinea, motero zimakhala zovuta kupanga.
Matenda a pakhungu la fungus
Matenda oyambitsidwa ndi bakiteriya angayambitse kuyabwa ndikutupa, ndipo khungu louma kapena chifuwa lingayambitse kukwiya kwambiri ndi kukhazikika. Matenda akunja achilendo ndi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kuyabwa kwa nkhumba. Matendawa nthawi zambiri amayamba pa nkhope ndikufalikira kumadera ena a thupi. Matenda oterewa nthawi zambiri amayenda limodzi ndi kutsekeka kwa tsitsi ndikuwoneka ndi zilonda ndi zilonda pakhungu. Chithandizo chimayikidwa kutengera kuti ndi ma microorganism omwe amathandizira matenda. Nthawi zambiri, pakabayidwa jakisoni angapo, mumps amabwereranso kwawoko ndikuchira msanga.
Ma parasisi akunja
Khungu loyera mumathumba amamba nthawi zambiri limakhala chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a tiziromboti zakunja monga utitiri, nkhupakupa ndi nsabwe. Izi tiziromboti ndi zochepa kwambiri ndipo zimayambitsa kuyabwa kwambiri, kukanda, kuthothoka kwa tsitsi komanso zizindikiro zina. Ngati mukukayikira kuti nkhumba yamtchire ilinso ndi zina mwazilombozi, leanani ndi veterinarian wanu nthawi yomweyo. Kuthandizira mwachangu ndi mankhwala amakono kumathandizira kuthetsa matenda ndikupeweratu zovuta.
Ziwengo kapena khungu louma
Kuuma komanso kumva khungu kumakhala vuto lomwe nkhumba zambiri zokhazikika bwino zimadwala. Chimodzi mwazomwe zimayambitsa khungu louma ndikusamba pafupipafupi kwa nkhumba zozungulira, makamaka kugwiritsa ntchito shampoo yosayenera.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yamkoko imabowola khola?
Poyamba, nkhumba zamtchire ndimakolo awo, mano awo amakula moyo wawo wonse ndipo kutopa kwawo amafunika kutafuna nthawi zonse. Nthawi zambiri izi ndi chakudya kapena udzu, koma nthawi zina nthambi za mitengo ya zipatso zimapita “ndi bang”. Nkhumba zimakondwera kutchera makungwa kwa iwo.
Ngati, ngakhale pali kukhalapo kwa kuchuluka kwa chakudya m'thirimo ndi kupezeka kwa nthambi, nkhumba ya guine mwanjira ikupitiliza kukuta pazitseko za khola, ndiye kuti mu 99% ya milandu ndikulira kwa moyo. Ndizachilendo kuti nkhumba ikhale mu khola. Makamaka ngati khungu ndilopanikizika. Makamaka ngati nkhumba ili yokhayokha, yopanda wachibale. Kugula bwenzi latsopano kapena nyumba yatsopano, yotambalala ya nkhumba kumathetsa vutoli kamodzi! Izi ndikukuuzani kuchokera muzochitika zanga,)
Chifukwa chake, lingalirani zifukwa zonse zomwe nkhumba yosanja ikubera khola:
- Chifukwa chofala kwambiri - mumps ndikutupa ndikufunsani, akufuna atuluke
- ngati pali nkhumba zina zodyera m'chipindacho, kenako kukukuta mipiringidzo, nkhumba yanu ikhoza kuwonetsa chidwi ndi achibale (mwachitsanzo, mamuna akamva fungo la mkazi)
- Njira ina - ma mumps amangokhala ndi njala ndipo safuna kudikirira nthawi yodyetsa nthawi zonse.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yambali ikubisala?
Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala chizindikiro cha mantha. Kuthawa ndikubisala ndi momwe chibadwa cha nkhumba chilichonse chimamvekera ndikumveka, munthu watsopano, kusintha malo, ndi zina zovuta.
Nkhumba ikawopa china chake, nthawi zambiri imathamanga, mwachangu kwambiri, kulowa ngodya yamdima wapafupi, kuyesera kupeza malo obisika kapena burow. Khalidwe limadziwika ndi nyama yabwinobwino, momwe kuthawirako kumakhala koteteza. Ngati chiweto sichingapeze pobisalira, chimathawa mofulumira komanso momwe chingathere. Zikachitika kuti njira zonse zathawa, zimasiya, ndikubwerera kukhomalo, kenako nkugundika.
Chifukwa chake, nkhumba yosungirako imabisala ikawopa. Kubisala kuti muzimva otetezeka.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba yosungirako imadyera zinyalala zake?
Eni ake amakhala ndi nkhawa akazindikira kuti nkhumba yosanja ikudya zinyalala zake.
Inde, nkhumba zamtchire zili ndi chizolowezi chodabwitsachi, chomwe ngakhale chingaoneke chodabwitsa, sikuyenera kukuvutitsani.
Zodabwitsazi, zomwe zimapangidwanso ndi mahatchi, akalulu, makoswe, agalu, ndi nyama zina, zimatchedwa "Coprophagy."
Ku mafunso "Chifukwa chiyani?" Nanga chiyani? " Akatswiri amayankha kuti ndikofunikira kuti magayedwe a nkhumba agwire bwino ntchito. Mimba ya nkhumba zowetera ili ndi mawonekedwe osavuta, osiyana ndi zingwe (zomwe zagawanitsa matumbo), monga ng'ombe, mbuzi ndi nkhosa. M'mimba mwa nkhumba, chakudya chimakudya, koma michereyo samayamwa kwathunthu komanso pang'ono, koma osangoyamwa, amasiya thupi limodzi ndi ndowe.
M'matumbo osavuta okhala ndi nkhumba zodyetsa, chakudya chameza chimayenda mwachangu kuposa momwe chimagwirira ntchito. Koma kuyamwa kwa michere kumachitika pang'ono, chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito ndowe kumakuthandizani kuti mubwezeretsenso michere yomwe sinagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yoyamba kudutsa m'mimba.
Ndiye ichi ndichinthu chabwinobwino, chodziwika bwino cha makoswe ambiri komanso chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka chakudya.
Mitundu yowonjezera yamawonekedwe a dzinalo
Nkhumba yamtchire ngakhale yokhala ndi moyo ndiyofanana ndi nkhumba, kupatula kuti palibe chidendene:
- Mosasokoneza mutu waukulu
- Makutu achabe
- Miyendo yayifupi
- Maonekedwe a thupi amafanana ndi nkhumba
Kumbali inayo, ngati anthu atayitanitsa nyama zomwe zangopezeka kumene polemekeza zomwe zimadziwika kale, pamakhala zovuta zazikulu ndi zosiyana. Chifukwa chake, bukulo ndilopeka.
Chikhulupiriro china chokwanira ndichakuti nyamayi imatchedwa chifukwa chifukwa cha mawu ake. Ziwetozo zikakhuta, zimangokhala chete - zofanana kwambiri ndi nkhumba yaing'ono. Ndipo akachita mantha, amafinya ngati nkhumba. Kutengera ma analogies awa, dzinalo lidawonekera.
Inde, mu mawonekedwe awa ndizodziwikiratu.
Momwe nkhumba idasinthira
Tidaganiza ngati nkhumba, nanga bwanji nyanja? Nkhumba za ku Guinea sizimangosambira zokha, komanso sizimakonda madzi.
Apa kufotokozera kosavuta ndikwakuti makolo akale a nyama zamakono zoweta amatengera kuchokera kutsidya lina. Chifukwa chake anawatcha kutsidya, nyanja. Makoswe ali ndi dzina lomwelo mu Chipolishi ndi Chijeremani.
Dzina loti Guinea nkhumba limatsimikizira pang'ono chiphunzitso ichi, chifukwa M'masiku amenewo ku England chilichonse chomwe chidatengedwa kuchokera kunyanja chimatchedwa "Guinean".
Mafotokozedwe akufunika apa: Guinea ili ku West Africa, ndipo Cui adachokera ku South America. Apa, monga m'mbiri yonse ya makoswe apanja, palibe mayankho osavuta. Mafotokozedwe omwe ndi ofala kwambiri ndi awa:
- Mawu oti "Guinean" adagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza "kunjaku"
- Guinea imagwirizana ndi Guiana (koloni ya France ku South America), motero kusokonezeka kunabuka
- Nkhumba za ku Guinea poyambirira zimagulira ndendende ndalama imodzi (ndalama zachingelezi), dzina lake.
Ansembe Achiwembu
Poyesera kuti aletse zoletsa kudya nyama pa Lent, ansembe achikatolika sanatole chilichonse. Chifukwa chake kevivi (dzina lina la ziweto zathu) linajambulidwa munyanja zam'madzi.
Inde, kuchita izi mwakachetechete kunali kovuta. Chifukwa chake, adabwera ndi izi: kevi idalowetsedwa kunja ndi capybaras (makoswe okhala ndi njira yamoyo yamadzi). Pamaziko awa, ansembe adayika nkhumba ngati ... nsomba. Ndipo adaganiza zowaitanira kuti apamadzi - kuti afotokozere zomwe amachita.
Nkhaniyi ingaoneke yopanda pake, koma zinthu zambiri za New World zinazungulira zoletsa kugwiritsa ntchito pakusala kudya. Mwachitsanzo, cocoa, ngakhale sitha kuikidwa m'gulu la chakudya chomwe chimalimbikitsa kudziletsa.
Kufotokozera kosavuta
Mafotokozedwe osavuta kwambiri kwa komwe dzina loti "Guinea la nkhumba" ndikuti oyendetsa sitimawo oyamba omwe amabwera kumene nyamazo zimadziwa zimaswana kuchokera ku Incas yakomweko. Ndipo pobwerera, adatengedwa kupita kuchombo (nthawi zambiri, amatenga nkhumba zodziwika bwino za ku Europe paulendo ndikazisunga cholembera).
Zodzikongoletsera ndizabwino, zimatha kudya zouma zomera, osatenga malo ambiri, pali zinyalala zochepa kuchokera kwa iwo. Chifukwa chake, adasinthanitsa nguluwe zankhondo zoyambirira kuzombo za Spain. Dzinalo, kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri, ndizomveka kwambiri.
Koma zonse zidasintha atafika ku Europe. Panalibe nyama zochepa, zomwe zinali zamtengo wapatali (ngati chidwi), zinali zopindulitsa kwambiri kugulitsa nyama zotsalazo, m'malo molole kuti azidya. Ndipo nyama zodyera zam'madzi zimayenda kuchoka pagombe kupita kumalo okhalamo aristocrats.
Mwini wake amatcha nkhumbayo pafupipafupi kuti ndibwino kubisala Chaka Chatsopano chisanachitike.
Mayina ena amtundu wa nkhumba
Tanena kale mayina Kevi (Kavi, Kaviya), Kui, Guinea - m'maiko osiyanasiyana nyamayi imatchedwa mosiyana. Kumbukirani kuti sanatchulidwebebe.
Dongosolo lasayansi lalikulu ku Latin ndi Cavia porcellus. Gawo loyamba limachokera ku dzina lanyama zam'deralo. Lachiwiri limatanthawuza "nkhumba."
Ku UK, dzina lodziwika bwino ndi nkhumba yaku India. Ku Spain - kalulu waku India. Izi ndichifukwa choti America yotseguka idaganiziridwa kuti India. M'mayiko ena a Azungu ku Ulaya, maukwati amatchedwa Peruvia.
Nkhumba zamakono zamtchire
Ziweto zamasiku ano ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi makolo amtchire. Mwachilengedwe, Cavia ndi zofiirira komanso pamimba pang'ono. Mitundu ya "Kunyumba" ndizosangalatsa kwambiri: chakuda, choyera, chofiyira, mayi-wa ngale, mawu awiri, mitundu itatu ... Pafupifupi chilichonse.
Malinga ndi mtundu wa ubweya, pali:
- Longhair
- Shorthair
- Wokhala ndi tsitsi
- Opanda tsitsi
Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za Mitundu ina patsamba lanu.
Pali mtundu wa kukoma kulikonse.