Partridge yoyenda ndi miyendo ndi mbalame yomwe taxonomy ndi ya mndandanda wa nkhuku, subfamily of grouse. Amayera nthawi yozizira, chifukwa amakhala nthawi yozizira kwambiri.
Partridge yoyera-yokhala ndi miyendo - mbalame yomwe taxonomy imatengera dongosolo la nkhuku, subfamily ya grouse
Makhalidwe akulu amtunduwo
Partridge ndi mbalame kukula kwake komwe kumagwirizana pakatikati pa nkhuku zoweta ndi zodula. Nthawi zina mbalame zachikulire zaka zokhala ndi chakudya chabwino zimafikira zazikulu kuposa nkhuku zoweta. Komabe, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kudzikundikira kwamafuta amkati, omwe amatha kuwonongeka mwachangu nthawi yachisanu. Mowoneka, kukula kwa nkhuku yaku Polar iyi kumawonjezeka chifukwa cha nthenga pachikuto chokwanira ndi nthenga komanso linga la fluff.
Magawo aomwe akuyimira mitunduyi ali motere:
- Mawonekedwe a thupi amakhala nkhuku, koma osiyanasiyana. Osagawika pakuwongolera kwambiri ndikufikira squat.
- Kutalika kwa thupi kuchokera kumphepete mwa mchira mpaka mulomo kumayambira 33 mpaka 40 cm, kulemera kochepera kilogalamu - kuchokera 500 mpaka 800 g.
- Mutu ndi maso ang'ono, khosi ndi lalifupi.
- Mlomo wa mbalame yodumphira imawoneka yachilendo. Ndiwachifupi komanso wowerama.
- Miyendo ndiyonso yaifupi, yokhala ndi nthenga zazitali zazitali, zomwe zimayendetsa gawo la ma snowshoes.
- Mapikowo ndi ochepa, zomwe zimakhudza chikhalidwe cha kuthawa.
- Chochititsa chidwi ndi zazitali komanso zazitali. Cholinga chawo ndi kukumba matalala ndi kukhala pansi pamphepo zamphamvu.
Ptarmigan ndi woimira wamba wa tundra ndi nkhalango-tundra. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalameyi idapeza niche yake zachilengedwe mu alpine tundra kunja kwa nkhalango.
Zojambulajambula: partridge (zithunzi 25)
Kuyenera kukhala m'malo ovuta
Partridge amakhala ku tundra makamaka pakati pa akhwangwala. Komabe, kwa miyezi ingapo ngakhale pano akuyamba nyengo yakukula kwazomera, maluwa ndi zipatso.
Mumkhalidwe wotere, kubisala ndikofunikira kwambiri. Mu nthawi yonse yozizira, gawo loyera ndiloyera kwathunthu. Wakhungu amangokhala ndi mulomo, maso ndi nthenga zakunja zokha. Komabe, mawanga awa samatsimikizira nkhuku yachisanu, koma imasokoneza masamba ake.
Partridge ali ndi mitundu inayi ya nyengo: dzinja, masika, chilimwe ndi nthawi yophukira. Komabe, chachimuna ndi chokha chomwe chimasintha mtundu maulendo anayi, chachikazi chimasinthanso maula atatu okha.
Pakatikati, chachikazi chimasinthira msanga nyengo yozizira kukhala chilimwe. Partridge wamwamuna amasunga zovala za nyengo yozizira mu masika. Komabe, amasintha zina ndi zina. Ambiri mwa thupi la mbalameyi ndi yoyera, koma mutu ndi khosi zikuyamba kale kupeza mtundu wa bulauni. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi nsidze zofiira.
M'chilimwe, gawo loyera limakhala lofiira. Madzi ochepa okha ndi omwe amayera. Izinso ndizobisalira, koma pokhapokha thambo. Iwo omwe tundra partridge angafune kukumana nawonso sayenera kuwona mbalame yowuluka kuchokera pansi.
Chifukwa chake mbalamezo zimadzibisalira nyengo yachilimwe ya tundra, komwe mtundu wobiriwira umaphatikizidwa ndi bowa wambiri, maluwa, maluwa osambira, miyala.
Mu nthawi yophukira, mtundu wa maula amapeza mitundu yambiri yachikasu, yofiira ndi ya lalanje. Uku ndikusinthasintha kwa zipolowe za mitundu zomwe zimalamulira m'dzinja tundra.
Moyo ndi Zopatsa Thanzi
Mbidzi ya mbalame ya polar imakhala makamaka ku tundra. Komabe, imapezekanso pamitengo yomwe ili m'nkhalango-tundra zone. Nthawi zina imawulukira m'mbali mwa nkhalango za kumpoto kapena mapiri. Izi zimachitika nthawi ya njala.
Chidwi chomwe mbalame imakonda m'nkhalangozi chimagwiranso chifukwa chakuti chimawuluka bwino. Komabe, njere zimatha kusiya mbewu zosasindikizidwa, pomwe tundra yonse idakutidwa kale ndi chipale chofewa.
Gawo la tundra limadyera makamaka pazakudya zam'mera. Zakudya zamalimwe za mbalame yachikulire zimakhala ndi masamba, zipatso, mbewu, maluwa. Nkhuku zimakonda kudya tizilombo, ngakhale zimatha kudya zipatso ndi masamba. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pa mapuloteni amanyama ndi mafuta, magawo ang'onoang'ono amakula mwachangu, kenako amatha kulolera nyengo yachisanu m'moyo wawo.
Partridge amakhala ku tundra makamaka pakati pa akhwangwala
M'chilimwe, mbalame zachikulire zomwe zimadya zakudya zam'madzi zimadziwikanso kuti zimadya tizilombo, mphutsi, komanso ena osakhala mwa tundra. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kudziunjikira mafuta kuti musapulumuke nthawi yozizira.
Khalidwe la mbalameyi tsiku ndi tsiku. Usiku amabisala m'malo obisika ndipo amakhala pansi mwachete. M'nyengo yozizira, amakhala m'chipale chofewa. Chizolowezi chimapulumutsa mbalame ku chimfine, mphepo komanso zilombo. Komabe, pobisalira pamakhala ngozi imodzi. Chapakatikati, kutentha pakasintha, chisanu chambiri chimayamba kupanga matalala. Ngati mbalame yadziphimba yokha nthawi yachisanu usiku, ndipo ikuma mbandakucha, mbalameyo imakhala pachiwopsezo chokhala m'ndende yotchingidwa ndi chipale chofewa, chifukwa singakhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuthana ndi chisanu.
Njira yomwe amakonda kusunthira mbalameyi ikuyenda. Kwa miyendo yochepa ngati imeneyi, kuthamanga kwa nkhuku pansi kumadabwitsa.
Kubalana komanso kusankha kugonana
Mbalame za nkhuku ndizotchuka chifukwa cha ziweto zamkuntho. Ena a iwo amangokhala ndi nyimbo komanso mavinidwe omwe amatsutsana ndikulimbana. Komabe, pali mbalame zomwe zimamenyera nkhondo osati magazi okha, komanso kufa. Aliyense amadziwa kusokonekera kwa tambala. Koma kulimbana kwa magawo achimuna sikunachitike kwa aliyense. Pakadali pano, kuwonekaku kukuchenjera komanso kudabwitsa.
Chapakatikati, chisanu sichinasungunuke, magawo amayenda kukadyetsa malo osungunuka. Pakadali pano, anyamatawa akuwona malo oyenera kubereka. Gawo lotsatira la kugonana liyenera kukhala lokongola chibwenzi cha akazi. Komabe, amuna ambiri alibe nthawi yamasewera, chifukwa ndewu zazikulu za kubereka magawo zimayamba pakati pawo.
Chochitika chilichonse choterechi mwa njira iliyonse chimakhala chinthu chogonana. Amunawo akukumenya nkhondo mwamphamvu, akunjenjemera, akumapita, ndikumenyetulira ndi kumata misomali yawo ndi milomo kwa mdani, zazikazi zimayima pambali ndikuyang'ana. Kupatula apo, wopambana pankhondoyo amasamalira, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri wamkazi samakonda wokonda kwambiri.
Nkhondo zonse tsiku lina zimatha, ndipo akazi pamapeto pake amakhala chinthu chokongola ndi chamkuntho. Wamphongo amawuluka uku akuimba nyimbo yodukiza. Padziko lapansi, amakhalanso kulira kwapadera ndikutulutsa kosiyanasiyana. Pakumaliza kukalamba kwadzikoli, yamphongo imathamangitsa wamkazi, kumavina momuzungulira.
Pakadutsa izi, mbalame zimatha kukhala zosatetezeka kwambiri, chifukwa sizindikira chilichonse chozungulira. Munthu amatha kuyandikira anthu oterowo popanda kuyambitsa mbalame. Nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti magawo amawona chilichonse, koma kwenikweni safuna kusokonezedwa ku chochitika chofunikira kwambiri m'moyo wawo.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti magawo a polar ndi mbalame zokhazokha. Pambuyo pa kumenyanako konseku, kuvina ndi ziphona, ayenera kukhala limodzi zaka zonse zopatsidwa kwa iwo.
Pambuyo magawo agawire ziweto, igwerani awiriawiri, dikirani nyengo yofunda, nesting iyamba. Zachikazi zimakonzekera chisa. Chinthu chachikulu munjira imeneyi ndikupeza malo obisika. Pambuyo pake, pena pake, pansi pa chitsamba kapena pansi pa mwala, mkazi wokhala ndi zikhadabo zamphamvu amapanga dzenje ndikuzikhomera ndi chomera.
Nthawi zambiri chisa chotere chimapezeka mazira 7 mpaka 20. Maonekedwe ake ndi mawonekedwe a peyala, utoto ndi mitundu. Pa nthambi ndi masamba a mbewu za tundra, mazira achikasu achikasu ndi oper chikasu okhala ndi mawanga bulauni ndi madontho amaphatikizika kwathunthu ndi maziko. Osati gawo lomaliza pakusungira mazira ndi mawonekedwe awo. Zinthu zooneka ngati peyala nthawi zambiri sizingunikire kulikonse, koma zimangoluka m'malo mwake mozungulira.
Atakhala pachisa, chachikazi mpaka mphindi yomaliza amayesera kuti asadzipeze ndi chisa. Munthu amatha kubwera pafupi ndi mbalame, koma patali yovuta kwambiri, njirayo imachoka ndikuchotsa chidwi mwa njira iliyonse yomwe ingatheke. Wamphongo amatenganso gawo loteteza chisa, kuyesera ndi chiwonetsero chake kuti atenge munthu kapena chilombo kumtunda wotetezeka ku chisa.
Pambuyo pa milungu itatu, anapiye amasiya mazira awo, owuma, pambuyo pake amathanso kutsatira makolo awo. Zachikazi zimatsogolera ana kutali ndi chisa, ndikusankha malo otetezedwa. Wamphongo amayandikira ana ake, ndikuwasamalira ndi aakazi.
Kwa nthawi yobala ana, zovuta zonse zimayiwalika. Ana osiyanasiyana ndi makolo awo amatha kuphatikizidwa kukhala gulu limodzi loyenda. Mmenemo, mbalame zonse zachikulire zimateteza ana onse.
Kusamalira ana kumatenga pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Pofika nthawi yophukira, magawo ang'onoang'ono amayamba moyo wodziyimira pawokha, ndipo kasupe, akapulumuka nyengo yozizira, amapanga banja lawo.