Zikuwoneka kuti ena moyo wonse wa timadontho tingofufuza kosatha kwa magawo mobisa. M'malo mwake izi sizowona.
Pali mole yotere, yotchedwa starfish kapena snout-star, yomwe imamva bwino kwambiri pansi komanso pansi, komanso ngakhale m'madzi. Dzina Lachilatini la nyama iyi ndi Condylura cristata. Mkuluyu amasambira mwangwiro, ndipo kukhala pansi pa madzi sikuwononga nthawi pachabe, ndipo amadya nsomba zazing'ono, ma mollusks ndi crustaceans.
Kuyang'ana chithunzichi, mutha kuzindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti tikulankhula za mod zachilendo. Imasindikizidwanso ngati gulu lolekanirana, popeza imasiyanitsidwa kwambiri ndi nthumwi zina za banja lino. Ndipo kusiyana kwake sikungokonda chikondi cha madzi okha. Mmodzi amangoyang'ana mphuno zake, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimadziwika kuti kusiyana kwake kwakuchokera ku timadontho tosiyanasiyana. Ndipo nkhaniyo siyokhala mu mphuno, komanso mu chinthu china chachilendo chomwe chimamangirira mphuno iyi.
Stargazer (Condylura cristata).
Koma ichi sichinthu chophatikizidwa ndi mphuno, koma mahema 22 ofewa a pinki omwe amakula mozungulira mchitidwe wamaliseche wamanyama iyi.
Mwapangidwe, kapangidwe kameneka kamafanana ndi gawo losakhalitsa loyesa. Chihema chilichonse chimakhala ndi kutalika kwa 1 mpaka 4 mm, pomwe pafupifupi onse ndi ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso amazindikira.
Starbursts ndi am'mgulu la New World moles.
Koma ma ray awiri samayenda, pomwe otsalawo amakhala otanganidwa kufufuza malo ozungulira, akumakonda kulanda. Amazindikira nthawi yomweyo kuti zitha kudyedwa kapena ayi. Kuti ndikhale wolondola, nsomba ija imangofunika ma millisecond okha 8 kuti adziwe ngati zingatheke kutumiza chakudyacho pakamwa kapena ayi.
"Nyenyezi" yanyama imamuthandiza kudziwa kuthamanga kwa mphezi - zomwe zimakonzedwa komanso zomwe sizili.
Mwanjira zina zonse, nyenyezi yam'mlengalenga imasiyana pang'ono ndi momwe zimakhalira kale. Ali ndi thupi lofananira lofanana ndi mutu wowongoka, womwe umapezeka kufupi kwambiri, pafupifupi osawoneka. Ali ndi miyendo imodzimodzi ndi zala zisanu pachilichonse, chomwe chiri choyenera kukumba pansi. Miyendo yakutsogolo imatembenukira kunja ndikufanana fosholo, ndipo miyendo yakumbuyo ndiyocheperako koma osati yapadera.
Ma Stargazer amatchedwanso nyenyezi.
Chovala cha nyenyeziyi ndi cholimba pang'ono kuposa chovala wamba. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala m'lingaliro lakuti pafupifupi sikanyowa konse, komwe ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa nsomba yam'madzi. Mtundu wothina umatha kukhala wa bulauni mpaka wakuda kwathunthu. Alinso ndi mchira, wowonda kwambiri, wamtali masentimita 6-8. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi yophukira imawonjezeka ndikukhala pensulo. Ndi mchira womwe mafuta amasonkhana, omwe amathandiza mole mozizira. Kukula kwa nyenyezi yam'madzi ndi yocheperako: imafikira kutalika kwa 10 cm, ndipo manyazi ake apamwamba kwambiri ndi 1 cm.
Starfish amakhala kum'mawa kwa North America, amasankha malo otetezeka amoyo, komanso malo onyowa komanso minda. Amamanga nyumba zawo pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, ndipo zotuluka zina zimatsogolera kumadzi. Nyumba yake, monga timadontho tina, ndi njira yomwe imadutsa mobisa. Kamera imodzi ikukonzedwa bwino: nsomba zam'madzi amazikhomerera ndi udzu wouma komanso wowonda. Awa ndi malo opumulira a mole. Zochita zakuthambo sizimadalira kaya ndi masana kapena usiku. Amatha kusaka nthawi iliyonse masana.
Starfish ndi aku North America.
Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chomwe mole-starfish chimagwira m'madziwe, iye samakana zonyansa, tizilombo ndi mphutsi zawo. M'nyengo yozizira, nyenyezi ija siikhala yozizira, koma imafunafuna chakudya pansi pa chipale chofewa, kapena kusambira pambuyo pa madzi oundana.
Poyerekeza ndi timadontho tina, iyi ndi nyama yokhala pagulu. Akazi omwe amuna ndi amuna amakhala limodzi osati m'nthawi yakukhwima, komanso nthawi ina. Pali nthawi zina pomwe nsomba zam'madzi zimapanga magulu ang'onoang'ono. Zowona, sizokhazikika ndipo zimasokonekera mwachangu.
Akazi amabereka ana kamodzi pachaka. M'badwo wachisangalalo ndi masiku makumi anai, pakutha pa iye ana awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri amabadwa. Amabadwa amaliseche, koma amakula msanga. Pofika tsiku lakhumi la moyo, amadzala ndi ubweya. Pakadutsa masabata 3-4, amasiya kudya mkaka wamawere, ndipo pofika miyezi 10 amakhala okhwima.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Chiyambi
Ophwanya nyenyezi adakhazikika kudera lakummawa kwa North America. Mutha kukumana naye kuchokera pagombe la Atlantic Ocean kudzera ku Manitoba, North Dakota, Ohio ndi Virginia, komanso kudera lonse la mapiri a Appalachian.
Nyamayi imakhala m'malo okhala ndi lonyowa. Nyengo yam'madziyi imagwirizananso ndi nkhalango zowongoka komanso zowuma. Itha kupezekanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, nyanja ndi maiwe. Nthawi zambiri nyama zomwe zimakhala m'madzi zimakhala m'malo onyowa.
Mawonekedwe
Starfish ndi nyama zachilendo kwambiri, zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa cha mphuno yake. Mphuno ya nyama yam'mimba imakhala ndi nipples makumi awiri mphambu awiri ofunikira kuzungulira mphuno, omwe amafanana ndi nyenyezi pamawonekedwe awo. Mphuno imakhala m'magulu awiri, lililonse limakhala ndi mashalubu. Kutalika kwawo kumayambira 1 mm mpaka 4 mm. Ma protrusions omwe amakhala ndi mphuno za nyama yam'mimba ndi gawo lovuta komanso lothanirika kwambiri lomwe limakupatsani mwayi wopeza chakudya, koma osati.
Mukafuna kukumba, ma tententi amateteza mphuno kuti zisabowoke. Zotupa za pamphuno zimagwira ntchito nthawi zonse, chifukwa nyamayo imagwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira zinthu zomwe zili m'malo onse. Palibe mafupa kapena minofu m'mphuno, nyenyezi yam'madzi imayenda nayo mothandizidwa ndi tendon, koma chiwalo ichi sichingogwiritsa ntchito popusitsa zinthu kapena kugwirira anthu ovutitsidwa, koma ngati chida chamalingaliro.
Nyenyezi yotchedwa nyenyeziyo imaphimbidwa mu ma receptor ambiri omwe amapatsira chidziwitso ku ubongo, zomwe zimapanga zithunzi za chilengedwe pokhapokha chifukwa cha kununkhira ndi kuzizira. Mphuno imalola nyamayo kuti igone mumdima, kupewa zopinga, ndikutsata omwe akukumana ndi mavuto, makamaka ma invertebrates. Khalidwe lililonse lotere limachitika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito masomphenya.
M'mamilimita 8 kapena 25 okha, nyama imatha kusankha ngati chinthucho ndi chabwino. Nthawi zambiri nsomba zam'mimba zimakhala ndi masentimita 17 mpaka 20, ndipo kulemera kwake kumasiyana ndi 35 mpaka 75. Thupi lina lanyama limafanana ndi timadontho tosiyanasiyana.
Starfish imakhala ndi thupi lofanana, ndipo kutsogolo kwake ndi kolimba kwambiri, lalifupi komanso lalifupi, lokhala ndi zopindika zazikulu. Ubweya wake ndi wokulirapo, wamfupi, wokulirapo kuposa mitundu ina ya bulu. Chovala chakumaso ndi chakuda kapena chakuda, ndipo thupi lonse lotsika limakhala lowala. Chinthu chodziwika bwino ndi mitundu yina ya timadontho timene timapanga bwino.
Kuswana
Nthawi yakubzala, nyenyezi ija imakhala ndi mnzake m'modzi. M'dzinja, amuna ndi akazi amakumana ndipo amakhalabe limodzi nthawi yonse yobereka, yomwe imatenga mpaka mwezi wa Marichi kapena Epulo.
Momwe nyenyezi zimakopera anzawo sizinaphunzirepo. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 45, ana amabadwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Juni. Mu lita imodzi, nthawi zambiri kuyambira ana awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Ngati wamkazi wataya mwadzidzidzi matalala ake, amatha kubereka nthawi yomweyo, koma kale mu Julayi.
Gulugufe achichepere amabadwa ali amaliseche, maso awo ndi makutu awo nthawi zonse amatsekedwa, ndipo kunyezimira kwa nyenyezi kumawerama ndikuzungulira nkhope yonse. Maso ndi makutu nthawi zambiri zimatseguka pakatha pafupifupi milungu iwiri. Amayi amafikira mawonekedwe awo ndi kudziyimira pawokha kwa makolo awo patatha masiku 30. Amafika paunyamata pakatha miyezi khumi ya moyo.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Starbursts nthawi zambiri amadyera ma invertebrates. Ngati chiweto chitha kupeza mayendedwe amadzi, imakonda kusaka nyama zoyandama. Pafupifupi 50% yazakudya za nsomba zokhala ndi zowawa, zomwe 80% ndi nyama zam'madzi, 30% yokha ya chakudya ndi tizilombo, makamaka bango, loaded, dragonflies, ndi ntchentche. Nyama yambiri imathanso kulanda tizilombo touluka, crustaceans, mollusks ndi nsomba zazing'ono.