Barbel kachilomboka kapena matabwa - banja lalikulu komanso lambiri la kafadala. Chizindikiro cha mtunduwu ndi masharubu wamkulu, kangapo kutalika kuposa thupi. Iwo ali m'magulu motere: arthropod tizilombo coleoptera barbel.
Osonkhanitsa am'mimba amakonda kwambiri kafadala chifukwa cha kutalika kwake pakukhudzidwa ndi thupi, mawonekedwe a elytra, kutulutsa kosema kosiyanasiyana, ma tubercles ndi ma spikes pa elytra, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu ina yowuma imakhala pafupifupi $ 1,000.
Ndiponso, mzinda wa kafadala wokwera angathe kuwononga gawo yofunika kwambiri nkhalango mu nthawi yochepa, choncho nkhalango mbaavunga. Pazifukwa zomwe zili pamwambapa, ngakhale zachulukane bwanji zachilengedwe komanso kufalikira kambiri padziko lapansi, anthu omwe adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiira amapezeka m'mabanja a chikumbu.
Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe
Tizilombo timadzipweteketsa tokha, timadya zipatso, makamaka mitundu ya mitengo. Koma nthawi zina kuyang'ana akuopsa kwambiri. Chizindikiro chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi ndevu zazitali zosunthidwa, kukula kwake ndi 2, kapena ngakhale kasanu, kupitirira kutalika kwa thupi. Pansi pa tinyanga pali maso ndi tizilombo. Masharubu - limba wa fungo ndi kukhudza.
Chofala pa nsikidzi zonsezi ndimapangidwe amtali, ngakhale, kutengera mtunduwo, mawonekedwewo amatha kukhala ochulukirapo mbali zonse komanso zokulirapo. Mu kapangidwe ka thupi la akulu, magawo atatu akuluakulu amatha kusiyanitsidwa: mutu, chifuwa ndi m'mimba. nthambi anawagawa zigawo 5 - mafupa a chiuno, trochanter, ntchafu, m'munsi mwendo ndi phazi.
Amakhala ndi ma payipi atatu a tchipisi, chitin elytra cholimba, ndipo ena ali ndi nsagwada zazikulu. Mimba ndi yofewa, yogawika magawo, nthawi zambiri ndi asanu. Kodi mutu wawo ndi anamaliza, izo zimachitika kuti ndithu mwamphamvu anaikapo mu prothorax lapansi.
Amuna amakhala osiyana ndi zazimayi kumlomovu wautali, zibwano zam'mphongo zamphongo zimapangidwanso kwambiri, m'mimba zimakhala zakuthwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapakidwa utoto. Matupi awo amakhala osalala komanso owonekera. chikumbu yodziwika ndi chinthu choterocho monga dimorphism kugonana. Apa ndipamene akazi ndi amuna amawoneka osiyana, ngati ochokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Tizilombo tambiri ta barbel timapanga mawu osokosera, kakhwawa kapena phokoso. Izi zimachitika chifukwa mikangano ya nthiti za prothorax ndi pamwamba akhakula mesothorax, kapena mikangano ya m'chuuno cha miyendo yakumbuyo ndi elytra lapansi. Amapanga mawu oterewa akamaopsezedwa ndi adani awo. Mwinanso kuopa kuwachotsa.
mtundu awo ndi osiyana kwambiri. Amakhala ndi utoto wamapiko a chitin ndi tsitsi pa thupi. Mitundu imakondwera ndi mitundu yake. Kuwala mithunzi - poterera chikasu, letesi, ndimu, pinki.
Mithunzi yakuda - yofiirira, yofiirira, yakuda. Utoto wophatikizidwa nthawi zambiri umachitika - mikwingwirima, mawanga ndi mitundu ina, nthawi zina zovuta komanso zokongoletsera. kusiyana konse kunja kafadala zimadalira malo ndi mitundu.
Ziwerengero zoyipa kwambiri zimavumbula mitundu pafupifupi 26,000 ya zolengedwa izi, koma izi nthawi zambiri zimasintha. Pafupifupi chaka chilichonse mitundu yatsopano imapezeka kuchokera m'malo osiyanasiyana, makamaka kuchokera kumalo otentha ndi madera okhala pafupi ndi equator. Komabe, mu wotukuka Europe, zosowa Asia ndi America zapamwamba, mtundu watsopano ikupita.
Ku Russia, kuli mitundu 583. Ngakhale pali kusiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwake, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda taphunzitsidwa bwino ndi asayansi. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi sing'anga kakulidwe kwa kafadala. Koma pali zimphona pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo, munthu wokonza matabwa wokhala ku North America amafika masentimita 19 mpaka 22.
Pali mitundu ina yaikulu ku America South - ndi lumberjack Brazil, dzino chachikulu, amene kukula 17-18 masentimita The barbel kachilomboka ku Fiji ndi waukulu wachitatu wa kafadala lalikulu amadziwika pa mphindi.. Kukula kwake kumafika 15 cm.
Matabwa achihuni
Wa kafadala European, yaikulu pa nthawiyo ndi kalipentala barbel, ndi za 6 masentimita yaitali Mu Russia, palinso nthumwi yaikulu ya mitundu -. Za Ussuri chidina barbel. Anakula mpaka 11 cm.
Wodulira zam'madzi
Pali 11 subfamilies zokhudzana barbel. Natulande pa fimbi fimo. Mayina awo: barbel weniweni, lamina, barbel, prondrina, prionina barbel, spondylidin. Lamines monga mitundu yoposa okwanira 13,000 a kafadala; kunja, ambiri a iwo akuwoneka kaso. Mwachitsanzo, ena ali ndi mikwingwirima yakuda yakuda ndi yobiriwira pamapiko awo.
Ma Prionins amaphatikiza mitundu ya 1000. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa tizirombo wamkulu. Imapezeka kulikonse padziko lapansi, kupatula zigawo zozizira za polar. Kukula kwake ndi kosiyana kwambiri, kuyambira 2 mm mpaka 178 mm, koma kwambiri izi ndi kafadala wamkulu, nthawi zina mpaka mpaka 22 cm.
Utoto bulauni, wakuda, wabulauni malankhulidwe. Ndizosangalatsa kuti zimphona zomwe zili pakati pa kachikumbu ndizoyendetsa: mitengo yolumikizira mitengo, mitengo yamapiri yaku Brazil, zazikulu ndi zodyetsa, ndi Ussuri.
Zamoyo za Parandrins zochulukitsa 50, zimakhala m'malo otentha komanso otentha. Atypical banja, monga iwo ali aafupi kwambiri tinyanga, zambiri amatikumbutsa kafadala mbawala yamphongo. Mtundu wa mapiko olimba nthawi zambiri umakhala wofiirira kapena wakuda.
Ma whiskers kapena lepturins ndi banja la 100 genera ndi 2500 mitundu. kafadala Small, mapiko utoto ndi lachikasu wakuda mikwingwirima.
Spondylidins amaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa 100. Awa ndi oyimira usiku ndi nthawi yamadzulo. masharubu awo ndi osati kale kwambiri, kukula n'chochepa kuposa thupi. Mtundu wamapikowo ndi wamtambo-wakuda kapena wakuda.
Izi barbel kachilomboka mu chithunzi chikufanana ndi chithunzi chochokera ku frescoes aku Egypt. Lili ndi maonekedwe okongola kwambiri, mkati mwa thupi mumaloledwa, mapiko okhala ndi matte sheen olemekezeka, pang'ono ngati bokosi lamkuwa. Masharubu ali segmented, miyendo ndi kaso. Chitsanzo chabe cha chida chamikono.
Maonekedwe a kachilombo ka barbel
Chinthu chapadera cha m'banja wapamwamba yaitali segmented ndi mafoni ndevu zapamlomo wapamwamba, zina kwambiri choposa kutalika kwa thupi.
Carapace imakhala yolimba, pansi pa elytra yolimba, yocheperako, koma mapiko ogwira ntchito amabisika.
Beetles lokha ndi okongola modabwitsa komanso okongola. A mndandanda wa yaikulu komanso otchuka oimira chikumbu ndi mokakamizidwa iliyonse etymologist novice. Zosonkhanitsa nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kachikumbu kakakulu - titanium, alpine barbel, Ussuri chimphona ndi steppe wakuda barbel. Ngakhale kachilomboka wakuda masentimita asanu ndi limodzi, omwe amapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Rostov ndi Stavropol, amachititsa chidwi kwambiri. nsikidzi izi kukonda moyo nocturnal ndipo mosiyana ndi tizilombo tina, amakonda malo. Ndiye kuti, njira ya kachilomboka ikadagona m'chipinda chanu chogona sichigona m'mbali mwa khoma, koma pakati, osachita manyazi konse ndi malo opepuka. Kwa munthu yemwe sanakonzekere, msonkhano wokhala ndi kachilomboka wamkulu, mwachiwonekere kumadziyesa ngati mwiniwake wa chipindacho, msonkhano ungakhale wodabwitsa.
Khalidwe Chikumbu m'chilengedwe
Tizilomboti tating'onoting'ono sitiyambitsa ngozi kwa anthu. Ngakhale nsagwada zowopsa, kachilomboka kanasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake odekha komanso odandaula, opatsa chisangalalo, samabisala ndipo osathawa, samawopa kukhala m'manja mwake, samayesa kuluma kapena kuvulaza munthu. Amuna ndi zazikulu kwambiri kuposa akazi, ndi wautali masharubu ndi wochepa elongated thupi. Akazi amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe ake ozungulira osati ofunda kwambiri - lalifupi kwambiri kuposa amuna amtundu womwewo.
Masharubu ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri. Iwo amaona kachilomboka owazungulira, analanda kusintha kutentha ndi chinyezi. Ngati cholakwika chikuchita mantha, chimapindika ndevu zake ndi chifuwa chake kuti chisawonekere. Munthawi yabwinobwino, masharubu ndi okwera m'mbuyo ndikuwathandizira kachilomboka kuyenda m'malo.
Kodi barbel kachilomboka kudya?
Chakudya cha kachilombo wamkulu ndi zomera zokoma, maluwa, mungu, ndi khungwa lanthete la mbewu zazing'ono. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi timphonda tambiri, zopanda mavuto komanso zokongola.
Tizirombo ndi mphutsi voracious wa barbel kachilomboka. Mphutsi imakhala ndi moyo zaka 1-2, koma nthawi zina imatha kukhala kuthengo zaka zambiri, nthawi zina mpaka zaka 50. Kwa miyezi ingapo, gulu la mphutsi za barbel zimatha kuwononga nyumba yopanda matabwa pamodzi ndi denga komanso mipando, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera kukhala. Mu chilungamo, tikuona kuti si kafadala onse longhorn kudya mtengo. Mphutsi zina zimatha kudya pamtunda ndi humus, zomera za herbaceous, mizu.
Mitundu yambiri ya kachilombo ka barbel imatha kuuluka. Osati nthawi zonse, yekha panthawi mating. Ndege zimakulitsa malo okhalamo, zimapangitsa kuti kuzungulira kwa interspecific kubereka pakati pa barbel. Mtundu wa ndege nthawi zambiri umakhala waukulu kwambiri, kuyambira mamilimita angapo kupita pamakilomita angapo.
Chifukwa kafadala kupanga phokoso ngati mokweza
Zowonjezera zosangalatsa za barbel zitha kutengedwa ngati mtundu wakukhazikika, womwe umapezeka ndi kupukusa ndi miyendo yakumbuyo pa elytra yolimba ndi nthiti pamimba. Phokoso limakhala laphokoso kwambiri, lotha kusintha nyumba yamatabwa kukhala pulawo ya Silent Hill kapena kanema wina woopsa wokhala kumzinda. Anthu a m'mudzimo ndikukhulupirira kuti creaking wokoma nyumba ndi lingaliro momasuka za moyo chete mu chipululu.
Phokoso lomwe akupera limakhala ndi ntchito yayikulu - limawopsa makoswe ndi nyama zazing'ono, ndipo nthawi yakukhwima, phokoso lalikulu limalowetsa nsikidzi kuti zipeze anzawo oyenera.
Zotsatira za moyo wa Barbel
Kayendedwe ka moyo wa mitundu yambiri ya barbel zimatenga zaka 1-2. Tizilomboti timayikira mazira mazana angapo, mpaka 400 mazira pamalo oyenera - gawo lothira zitsamba, mu khungwa lofewa, atapanga dzenje pakati pa matabwa kapena polumala chipika kapena bolodi. Zachikazi zimatha kuyikira mazira pachidutswa chaching'ono, poganiza kuti m'tsogolo mphutsi zimadzisamalira mwa kutchera mitengo. Ena mitundu kuikira mazira mu umodzi makungwa pa nthawi, gnawing ndi M'mimbamo osiyana lililonse dzira.
mphutsi za barbel
Chofunikira kwambiri pakukula bwino kwa mphutsi za mazira ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi. The larva ndi nyongolotsi woyera popanda yoteroyo, koma ndi outgrowths olimbikira pamodzi m'mbali mwa thupi ndi mutu mdima zida mphamvu za nsagwada angathe gnawing mwa matabwa onse. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kafadala wamtundu wamtali amakonda mtengo wamtundu wina, koma ambiri, kafadala ambiri amatha kudya mtengo uliwonse. Popeza pali mphutsi zambiri, kulumikizana kamodzi kumatha kuvulaza nthawi yomweyo.
Ndi isanayambike nyengo yozizira, ndi larva umapita mu kuya kwa mitundu mtengo ndipo amafuna zinthu zovuta. Ndi kutentha ndi kubwereranso chinyezi chokwanira, mphutsi zimabwereranso kunkhalangoko, nkhuni zimayenda mosadukiza, zimadutsa gawo la achikulire, kukukuta pansi ndipo kumatuluka kachilomboka watsopano.
mphutsi za barbel
The viability wa mphutsi ndi lalitali kwambiri. Asayansi amawona kuti kachilomboka ndi zaka zofanana ndi ma dinosaurs, omwe adakwanitsa kupulumuka m'malo osiyanasiyana mpaka lero. M'mikhalidwe yovuta, mphutsi zimawoneka kuti zimasungidwa mkati mwa nkhuni ndipo zimatha kupitiliza kugwira ntchito kwazaka zambiri. Ngati zakudya osakwanira, kafadala ang'onoang'ono kuwapeza n'choperewera mphutsi pambuyo pupation.
chidole cha barbel
Pambuyo pobadwa, kachilomboka wachikulire amakhala miyezi yowerengeka, mpaka pakati pa chilimwe. Panthawi imeneyi, nsikidzi amakwanitsa kupanga ndege, kupeza abwenzi abwino, kukonza zomangamanga.
Wotsogola wamkulu kwambiri padziko lapansi
Oyimira akuluakulu kwambiri a kachilombo ka barbel amakhala ku South America. The titaniyamu kachilomboka kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 17, kupatulapo kutalika kwa masharubu. Khwangwala wopangira mano kapena kachilomboka kolowera kumatha kupitirira masentimita 18. Mbawala yayikulu kwambiri ku Russia ndi yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito Ussuri, imangofika 11 cm, koma izi ndizambiri.
wokonda barele
Mtundu wa kafadala akhoza kukhala aliyense, malingana ndi malo okhala. Chifukwa cha kukula kwawo, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono sitingaope kwambiri kuti tisadye mbalame. Mimbulu imawopseza zilombo zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi lakuthwa komanso lalikulu.
Udindo wa barbel kuthengo
Mkati mwachilengedwe, ntchito ya barbel yambiri komanso yogwira ndi yofunika. Mphutsi ndi akulu ndi chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha mbalame ndi zazinyama zazing'ono.
Achangu ndi wosusuka mphutsi ali nawo ndondomeko za kutaya mitengo akale ndi matenda, windbreak. Kachilomboka sikangokhala pachabe komwe kamatchedwa khuni. Asayansi akuwunikira ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa moyo wa kafadala wa mitengo komanso kufalikira kwa mycelia - mycelium mkati mwa chitsa ndi mitengo yakugwa. Akamanena za vuto ili - nkhuni si chakudya chokwanira mphutsi ndi kusasitsa yachibadwa. Bowa wama protein ambiri amakhala chithandiziro chabwino mu mphutsi za kachilomboka. Koma mbali inayo, mycelium ndiyosavuta kulowa mu matanda otayirira ndi okosijeni, omwe amakhudzidwa kale ndi mphutsi. An kudalirana chidwi bowa ndi mphutsi ndi nkhani ya maphunziro ambiri mu munda wa zachilengedwe.
Mothandizidwa ndi kafadala, stumps zakale zimasandulika kukhala michere yomwe masamba ndi zitsamba zazing'ono zimatha kukula. Tizilombo ta akulu ndi achikulire timachita mbali yofunika kwambiri mungu wathunthu wa mungu, popeza amadya mungu.
Zolusa barbel kwambiri
Ichi ndi chipinda chakuda kapena chakuda, chomwe chasankha nyumba zamatabwa zokhalamo kuti ndizikhalamo. Tizilomboto tating'onoting'ono ndi lalikulu kwambiri, lili ndi thupi mpaka 8 cm kapena 20 cm, ngati mungawerenge ndi masharubu. Mphutsi ndi laling'ono kwambiri, pafupifupi 3 cm yaitali ndi za 3-5 mm m'mimba mwake. Tizilomboti timakhala m'mafelemu a pazenera, kudenga, masanjidwe, mipando.
kuwonongeka kwa kachilomboka ndi barbel brownie
Black barbel kachilomboka akufotokozera okha kukonzedwa coniferous, makamaka spruce, paini ndi larch mtengo, Mwachitsanzo, matabwa, mitengo, etc. Wamphamvu kuwonongeka nkhuni nyumba ndi nyumba kwenikweni anati m'madera mpweya chinyezi mkulu (mwachitsanzo, malo m'mphepete mwa nyanja m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja), makamaka pamene kutentha mpweya si mkulu.
kachilombo ka barbel
Tizilomboti timayamba pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, kumachitika tsiku lotentha, makamaka masana ndi masana. Kuuluka mtunda yochepa. Yaikazi imangokhala masiku 25 okha, ndipo imayikira mazira masiku 12 okha, ikangotha. Kuyika kwa dzira kumayendetsedwa ndi kukula kwamphamvu, kununkhira kwa terpenes ndi kuyipitsa kwa gawo logwira mtima. Akazi kutchera machende mu mipata nkhuni akuya 20-30 mm. M'madyerero 2-8, wamkazi amatha kubereka pafupifupi 200, mazira 420 ambiri, omwe mphutsi zimatuluka masabata 1-3. Posakhalitsa amayamba kudulira ndima, ozungulira pang'onopang'ono, akudutsa m'matangadza amitengo yamadzi okhaokha ndikumatsekeka ndi ufa wowoneka bwino komanso kuchimbira. Ukusunthira pang'onopang'ono kukuza 12 mm m'mimba mwake. Pamwamba pake pamakhala matope osalala, ndi kochepa thupi ngati pepala. Pang'onopang'ono, nkhuni zimapangidwanso, pomwe pakati zimakhalabe zolimba. Wamkulu mphutsi kukonzekera ndege dzenje kwa kafadala m'tsogolo, ndiye kukuza Inde ndi kukonza chidole mchikuta, amene alimbane ndi zodulidwa mbali imodzi ndi kukhomerera ndi ufa kubowola pa linzake. Mphutsi zimadutsa gawo lisanafike mwana, lomwe limatenga milungu iwiri. Gawo la pupa koyenera limatenga milungu iwiri. Pamene mtembo wa kachilomboka wamng'ono chimalimba kwambiri, amachoka nkhuni mwa dzenje chowulungika. Kukula konse kumatenga zaka 2-10, nthawi zambiri zaka 3-6 ndipo zimatengera mtundu wa chakudya, kutentha ndi chinyezi.
Black Brownie Lumberjack kufalitsidwa ku Europe, Siberia, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Asia Minor ndi China. Imapezeka kumwera kumpoto kwa Africa; idabwerezedwanso kumwera kwa Africa ndi North America. Wakuda nyumba lumberjack barbel ndi oopsa luso tizilombo nkhuni ndi nyumba.
Kuvulaza komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha barbel
Mavuto onse amakhudzana ndikuwonongeka kokhazikika kwa nyumba zamatabwa ndi nyumba. Komabe, kuwononga kwa nyumba, kudenga, ndi mipando kungakhale kwambiri. Khungwe la barbel limasinthiratu nkhuni zapamwamba kukhala fumbi.Makoma komanso pansi zowonongeka zimatha kukhala zoopsa moyo chifukwa chotha kugwa.
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Momwe mungamvetsetse kuti kapangidwe kake kamayambukiridwa ndi mphutsi
Ngati fumbi laling'ono lamatanda likuwoneka kapena pafupi ndi khoma lamatabwa, ichi ndi chizindikiro chotsimikizika cha kukhalapo kwa mbozi. Musayembekezere zizindikilo zatsopano, monga kugwa kwa denga. Chitanipo kanthu. Tsoka ilo, mphutsizo zili ndi makhadi onse abwino - ndi otetezeka, ali ndi chakudya chabwino chochulukirapo, ngati sakonda zomwe zingachitike, amatha kulowa pansi ndikukhala zaka khumi kumeneko. Mankhwala omwe amalowa mozama kwambiri pamtengowo kulibe. Chifukwa chake, chiwopsezo cha matenda akupitilizabe.
kubowola ufa
Osamvetseka mokwanira, opanga matabwa ambiri amalambira mitengo yolimba - thundu, mahogany, phulusa, mtedza. Mipando yotere ndi mkati, masitepe, ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri. Mvetsetsani kuti mtengo wamtengo wapatali uyenera kupulumutsidwa ndi mbiri ya thud. Mitengo yolowerera bwino imamveka kwambiri ikusintha. Mawu osokosera amatanthauza kupezeka kwa magawo opotoza omwe amadya mphutsi za kachilombo. Ena opanga makabati sanaphunzitse momwe angasungire zinthu zomwe zadyedwa ndi cholakwika, komanso kupatsanso kukongola kwapadera m'malo opangidwa ndi ma resini opangidwa. Zosangalatsa zoterezi ndizofunika ndalama zokwanira ngakhale zakale, koma zotsatira zake ndizodabwitsa.
Mitengo yofewa - spruce, pine, birch, imavutika kwambiri ndi cholakwika. Kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa cholakwika ndi mawu ndikovuta. Gogoda pamtengo osati ndi ma kneni anu, koma ndi kumbuyo kwa nyundo. Ngati pansi ndikumira ndipo mawuwo samveka, nkhani yake ndioyipa. Mitengo yamadyedwe yolimba imatha kubayidwa ngakhale ndi screwdriver yabwino. Zidutswa zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa pomwepo ndikuzisintha ndikuyamba kupanga kuchokera ku kachilomboka.
Kodi ndizotheka kuthana ndi mphutsi za barbel
Mokwanira komanso kutsimikiziridwa kuti muchotse mphutsi ndizovuta, mwinanso ndizosatheka. Koma kupangitsa mphutsi kufa ndi zenizeni. Kukonzanso kumachitika ndi njira zowopsa kwambiri. Maziko a poizoni ndi phosphine. Komanso kupanga zatsopano pamsika wa Russia XILIX GEL kumakupatsani mwayi woperekera chitsimikizo pazinthu zoyendetsedwa zaka 10.
Werengani zambiri za momwe phosphine fumigation pano.
Kukhala mkati mwa nyumba mukakonza popanda chigoba cha gasi kumachotsedwa kotheratu. Pambuyo maola ochepa, mutha kupatsirana malo ndi kuchita chithandizo chakunja kwa khoma. Zinthu zopangidwa ndi poizoni wokhala ndi phosphine zimasinthasintha ndipo zimatha msanga.
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Kupewa komanso kuteteza
Mukamamanga nyumba yamatabwa, bafa, chimaliziro, padenga, padenga, pansi pamatabwa, onetsetsani kuti ndi zida zamatabwa. Sayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro za kachilombo ka mphutsi za mitengo. Makungwa onse, bast, ayenera kudulidwatu, osafufuza pang'ono. Kapangidwe kake ndi khungwa lake ndi malo abwino kwambiri kuti mphutsi ziziwayendera bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale gawo laling'ono la khungubwe lomwe latsalira chifukwa chonyalanyaza limasokoneza banja lonse. Wotani khungwa lochotsedwa, osachokerera nyengo yachisanu.
kupha tizirombo
Samalani ndi kukonza nkhuni
Zofooka za bolodi ndi matabwa, kupezeka kwa nsonga, ming'alu, zowola - malo abwino oikira ma kafadala. Zovuta pakati pa mitengo, matabwa, matchuthi kuchokera kuzinthu zachilengedwe - kuyitanira mwachindunji kuchokera kwa opanga matabwa kupita kunyumba. Gwiritsani ntchito ubweya wa mchere, kulepheretsa tizilombo, kutseka ming'alu yonse mpaka yosalala kwathunthu. Nkhuni ziyenera kuthandizidwa mosamala, kenako kuzikongoletsa ndi varnish ndi varnish kapena zokutira kwamadzi ndi mphamvu ya plasticization.
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito ma varnish ndi mafuta owuma, utoto wakunja wa nkhuni uyenera kusinthidwa chaka chilichonse. Kupanda kutero, tizilombo titha kuononga nyumbayo mwachangu kwambiri. Ozizira nthawi yayitali, nyengo ya kafadala sinathere kwambiri. Nyumba zitha kuyimirira kwa zaka mazana ambiri ndikukhalabe ndi mphamvu. Nyengo zanyontho ndi zotentha, mphutsi za kafadala zimakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ndipo zimawononga msanga nyumba zosatetezeka.
Moyo & Habitat
Kachilombo ka Barbel kumakhala moyo padziko lonse lapansi komwe kuli nkhalango. Kugawidwa kwawo kumatengera kupezeka kwa chakudya - makamaka mitengo. Kupatula kwawo ndi ku Arctic ndi Antarctic, makamaka chifukwa chosowa chakudya.
Munjira ya moyo, ndi mafoni. Amakwawa, ambiri mwachangu. Zina mwa izo zimatha kuwuluka. Ngati mutenga kachilomboka, mumakhala mawu ochepetsa. Moyo wawo umadalira nyengo ndi malo okhala.
M'madera akum'mwera, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda "takhala timapiko" kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe. Tizilombo ta ku Central Asia timayamba kuuluka pafupi ndi nthawi yophukira. Ena amakhala otakataka masana, amadya makamaka maluwa omwe amatsegula masana. Ena amagwira ntchito usiku. Zakudya zawo sizibisalira mumdima.
Kutinso nsikidzi usiku ndi usana zimapeza malo ovuta kufikira kapena kupumula. Kutengera ndi kukula kwake, kuchuluka kwa kuthawa kumatsimikizidwanso. Chingaliricho chikakulirakulira, chikafota, ndikuboweka kwambiri. Amakhala moyo wobisalira. Kuwona kachilomboka wachikulire m'nkhalangomo ndi mphatso yeniyeni kwa katswiri wazakudya ndi chizindikiro chodabwitsa kwa wolosera.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Kuti Kodi kachilombo ka barbel kumadya chiyani?, zimatengera malo omwe amakhala. Tizilomboti tadzala timadzaza ndi ma pichesi ndi maluwa okongola, makungwa ang'ono ndi masamba a tchire ndi mitengo. Zidutswa za khungwa lakufa kapena wathanzi, petioles, zomera, zamkati za cacti kapena mbewu zina - izi ndizomwe chikumbu cha barbel chimadya.
Ndiye kuti kachilomboka wamkulu ndiosavulaza. Ndipo apa kachasu wa barbel - Uku ndi kuwopsa kwa mitengo, nyumba zamatabwa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi mitengo. Amamera m'mitengo ndipo amadya nkhuni, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ambiri m'nkhalango zapadziko lapansi.
Tizilombo tambiri tinagawikana ndendende chifukwa cha mitundu yosankhidwa ya mitengo, yomwe idasankhidwa kudyetsa mphutsi zawo. Mwachitsanzo, kachilomboka barbel imakonda mitengo yolimba, thundu, mwachitsanzo.
Imatha kukhazikika pamitengo ya thundu, komanso malo omwe mtengo umawonongeka. Tizilomboti timakhala tating'onoting'ono, kuyambira 3 mpaka 6 cm, wakuda ndi tint yoyera, komanso utoto wonyezimira. Elytra ofiira kumapeto. Kuphatikiza pa thundu, amasankha beech, Hornbeam, elm, mtedza wamtsogolo.
Khungubwe lakuda, kapena pine amakonda kusankha conifers. Amatchulidwanso kuti bug Sitima. Mphutsi zake zinaononga ngakhale mapangidwe omanga sitima omaliza, ngati atamangidwa kuchokera paini. Iyenso amadya mungu wamaluwa, singano ndi masamba.
Beetles omwe amakonda mitengo ya coniferous pamaso ake omangira - larch, spruce, paini, amaphatikiza kachilomboka, ndi utoto wofiirira.
Tizilombo ta kachilomboka Amadyera khungwa lofewa la mitengo yaying'ono, singano zazing'ono. Koma mphutsi zake zimapweteketsa mitengo pafupifupi. Amapitilizabe kuwononga nkhuni, ngakhale kukolola ndi kuwaza kuti adye. Ndipo amakondanso kukhala pafupi ndi anthu, kuwononga nyumba.
Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali
Njira yonse yobereka imachitika m'malo abata komanso amtendere, kwinakwake kumtunda. Pamwamba pa mtengo, padenga. Mwa akazi, ndimatulutsa wapadera (chinsinsi) chomwe chimakopa wokondedwa. Kukalamba kumatenga pafupifupi mphindi 30. Yaikazi yomwe imalandira chisamaliro imakhalabe ikutetezedwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi imuna, yomwe imamuperekeza mpaka mawonekedwe a mazira.
Pakumala kwa nyengo yakukhwima, yamphongo imafa, ndipo wamkazi amasala kuti akaikire mazira. Tizilomboti tikuikira mazira pafupifupi 100 mumakhwala a mitengo ndi mitengo. Amasankha zomanga ndi fungo. Atapanga nkhwangwa, kachilombo kamasonyezanso kusamalira ana.
Mphutsi zimatuluka mazira, kenako pupae, ndipo zitangopita zaka zochepa zokha zimatha kudya zipatsozo mumtengomo ndikunyengana. Mphutsi zokha, zikukula, pafupifupi kufikira kutalika kwa kachilomboka. Nthawi yonse ya moyo imakhala magawo angapo: dzira, mphutsi, pupa, ndi imago.
Nthawi zina, kafadala wokalamba amakonzekereratu malo oti adyere ndi kukulitsa mphutsi zamtsogolo. Amasankha mitengo yaying'ono, amadya makungwa kuzungulira kuzungulira kwa mawonekedwe a mphete, pafupi ndi muzu. Zotsatira zake, mtengo umayamba kufa pang'onopang'ono. Ndipo mphutsi zomwe zimachedwa zimamaliza zowononga.
Amaponya kukhosi kwamphamvu, kuluma nkhuni. Nthawi zina m'nkhalango youma mumatha kumva phokoso ili. Mphutsi ndizolimba. Zimalekerera zovuta zilizonse, zimakhala pamitengo youma komanso yopanda thanzi kwa zaka zambiri.
Amakhala ndi khungu lowala, kuyambira oyera mpaka achikasu. Thupi lokha limakhala lofewa, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, lomwe limapangidwa bwino ndi cephalothorax. Ili ndi nsagwada zamphamvu zolunjika molunjika kutsogolo, zomwe zimatha kugwira ntchito kudula komanso kutafuna.
Moyo wamunthu wachikulire sufupika. Tizilomboti timatuluka pachimbudzi kumayambiriro kwamasika, koma mphutsi izi zimayenera kukhala ndi nthawi yoti "zibalike". Ngati kasupe ali kutali kwambiri, chimangacho chimangoyambira pakatikati pa mtengowo ndikuboola, ndikubisalira, kudikirira kutentha.
Ubwino ndi kuvulaza anthu
Mphutsizo zikatuluka, dzenje limapangidwa mumtengowo, pomwe pomwe dothi lawung'ono limatulutsa. Chifukwa chake zimamveka komwe kachilombo koyipako kamakhala. Nthawi zina amadya mtengo kuchokera mkati kuti amalize kutaya zinyalala, kenako ndikugwa.
Tizilombo tina, monga mbira, takhala anthu osakondweretsa aanthu. Mwachilengedwe, ndizosowa, koma amamva bwino mu nyumba zamatabwa. Nyumbayo, pansi, zenera lamatabwa lamatabwa, mipanda ya denga ndi padenga - chilichonse chitha kuvutika ngati chida chikuyamba. Amayala mphutsi zomwe zimawononga nkhuni zilizonse.
Ngakhale mipando, mabedi, matebulo ndi mipando imatha kuvutika ndi oyandikana nawo. Beetles mosamala amaikira mazira ake m'malo osafikirika - ming'alu yakuzama muzinthu zamatabwa. Pambuyo pa milungu iwiri, mphutsi zimawonekera kuchokera kwa iwo, zomwe zimayamba ntchito yawo yosaoneka yowononga. Mukapanda kukonza zinthuzi pa nthawi yake, pakapita nthawi zonse zikhala fumbi.
Pali anthu ena omwe amapanga kachilomboka komwe sikuopsa, koma amapindulitsa. Mwachitsanzo, imvi barbel osati zovulaza ku nkhalango. Zimakhudza mitengo yakale yokha komanso yomwe imafa, yomwe imathandizira kusintha kwa matanda otayirira kukhala humus. Tizilombo tambiri timakhala ngati mungu woyambira maluwa, opindula kwambiri kuposa ma pollinators apamwamba.
Momwe mungachotsere barbel
Chikumbu panyumbu kunyumba -Modzi wa adani oyipitsitsa a munthu, ngati sichoncho owopsa. Mphutsi zake ndizolimba, zamphamvu, ndipo osapezeka pompopompo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kudziwa malamulo ena, momwe mungachotsere chiphuphu cha barbelkuti asasiyidwe opanda nyumba.
- Mukamasankha nkhuni, onetsetsani ngati amathandizidwa ndi antiseptic.
- Mukamamanga nyumbayo, gwiritsani ntchito matabwa apadera ndi nkhuni ndi antiseptic. Adzaletsa kuukira kwa kafadala.
- Ngati muli ndi nsikidzi, onetsetsani kuti mwalandira chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi. Ichi ndi bromomethyl, nthaka ya chloride, chloride ya mercuric. Komanso, kusinthaku kuyenera kuchitika katatu pachaka. Mphutsi zimakhalira khumi, kupewa ndikofunikira. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti njirayi iyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi ntchito zofunikira. Ndikwabwino kuyitanitsa akatswiri kuchokera ku malo oyera ndi oyambitsa matenda chifukwa chaichi.
Akatswiri amafunikanso kulumikizana ndi malingaliro anu ngati mungafune kuphatikiza utsi kuchokera ku nsikidzi, chithandizo cha gasi poyizoni kapena kukhazikitsa nyambo zakupha. Njira zonsezi zimafunikira ukatswiri wodziwa kusamala.
Mutha kuchita mankhwalawa ndi nthunzi youma kapena, mosiyana, kuzizira. Ndi njira izi zokha zomwe ndizovuta kukhazikitsa kunyumba. Ndipo ndi osatetezeka. Chifukwa chake, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, ndipo zimangokhala m'malo osankhidwa.
Njira yamakono yochotsera nsikidzi zapanyumba ndi kuwotcha ma microwave. Chida chapadera chimawotcha nkhuni ngakhale kovuta kufikira malo, kuwononga mphutsi. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi chitetezo kwa anthu ndi nyumba. Zimachitika kuti zigawo zina zomwe zakhudzidwa ndizosavuta kudula ndikuziyambitsa ndi zatsopano, zosawonongeka komanso kukonzedwa.