Mulingo | Ndiye chifukwa chake mwambi wodziwika umati: popanda kudziwa foloko, usalowe m'madzi. Wophunzira wamkulu sanamvere malangizowo, omwe adalipira kwambiri.
Meteorite adagwera m'nkhalango pafupi ndi tawuni ya Wilsi. Pambuyo kanthawi, m'modzi mwa anthu am'deralo - Grant, adakumana ndi mwala wachilendo. Pamene munthu anali kuganizira za zomwe wapeza, cholengedwa chinagwedezeka kutuluka pamenepo ndipo m'kutulutsa kwa diso kudakhazikika pachifuwa cha ngwazi.
Chiphatso mothandizidwa ndi majeremusi achilendo chimayamba kusintha. Thupi lake limatengera mitundu ina, ndipo njala yokhazikika, yomwe imamupangitsa kuti asinthe. Koma mawonekedwe akunja ali ndi malingaliro ake a Grant.
Tsopano munthu wamkulu, wolamuliridwa kuchokera mkati mwa cholengedwa, akukonzekera kuwononga chigawo chonse. Woyamba kuberedwa akhoza kukhala wokwatirana ndi Grant. Koma sheriff wakomweko, akuganiza kuti china chake sichabwino, akuyamba kufufuza. Tsopano m'manja mwake muli miyoyo yambiri. Koma kodi pali njira yochotsera okhumudwitsayo? Onani kanema waulere "Slug" 2006 wapamwamba kwambiri.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Slugs ndi gulu lalikulu la nyama - gastropods. Akuti pali mitundu pafupifupi 100,000 ya zinyalala, ndipo, kupatula ma gastropod, magulu ena onse ndi moyo wam'madzi. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ndi ma gastropods am'madzi, monga ma slow a m'madzi ndi nkhono.
Seke yokhala ndi nkhono yopanda nkhono yochokera ku nkhono. Mpaka pano, zigamba zambiri zokhala ndi zotsalira za chigobachi, zomwe zimatchedwa "malaya," zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala mkati. Mitundu ingapo ili ndi chipolopolo chakunja.
Kanema: Slug
Kutaya chipolopolo kumatha kuwoneka ngati kusunthika kosasunthika, popeza idapereka chitetezo china, koma aulesi anali ndi njira yopusitsa. Mukuwona, tsopano imatha kudumphira mosavuta pakati pa dothi - chinthu chosatheka ndikamagwira chipolopolo kumbuyo kwake. Izi zimatsegulira dziko lonse lapansi mobisa kuti osambira azikhalamo, dziko lotetezedwa ndi nyama zomwe zimasaka nkhono.
Lombalo limayenda ngati “mwendo wopepuka,” popeza limakhala lachifundo komanso pansi ndiloyipa, limatulutsa ntchofu pomwe limasunthasuntha. Ntchofu iyi ndi ya hygroscopic, ndiye kuti, imatenga chinyezi ndikukhala othandiza kwambiri. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chake slugs amakonda mitundu yonyowa, kufunikira kotulutsa kamtunda kanyengo kowuma kungayambitse kuchepa kwamadzi.
Chowoneka Chokondweretsa: Njira zowoneka bwino za mucous ndizogwiritsa mwanzeru. Madzi amasungunulira madzi mumphika wake, womwe umachepetsa usiku wake, usiku kapena mvula, koma mafuta opangidwa ndi nthumwi amasunga mphamvu zomwe zingakhale zofunikira kuthana ndi mkangano.
Sumpgs imayenera kukhala yonyowa, apo ayi imasungidwa madzi ndikufa. Ichi ndiye chifukwa china chomwe amakhala otakataka kwambiri nyengo yonyowa. Izi zikufotokozanso chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amakhala usiku - kupewa kutentha kwamasiku. Mosiyana ndi nkhono, ma slgs alibe chipolopolo. Thupi lawo lonse ndi limodzi mwamphamvu, mwamphamvu yolimba, yokutidwa ndi ntchofu, yomwe imathandizira kuyenda pansi komanso kupewa kuvulala. Zowombera zimatha kuyenda pamwamba pa miyala ndi zinthu zina zakuthwa, kuphatikizapo lumo.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Kodi a slug amawoneka bwanji
Slugs imatha kuwoneka yosalala, koma nthawi zina imakhala yonyenga - ina imakutidwa ndi ma spine ofewa. Imodzi mwa mitunduyi ndi ya slug-hedgehog, yomwe ndi fungo lamkati. Chiphuphuchi chimatha kusuntha thupi lake mokhazikika komanso kuchikulitsa nthawi 20 zikafunika kulowa m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono.
Masewera a slug ali ndi awiriawiri amisomeka pamutu pake (amatha kufupikitsidwa). Malo owoneka ndi maso ali pamwamba pazitali zazitali. Mphamvu yokhudza kukhudza ndi kununkhira imapezeka pazinthu zazifupi. Chihema chilichonse chomwe chatayika chimatha kubwezeretsedwanso. Slug ili ndi mapapu amodzi okha. Uku ndi dzenje laling'ono kumanja kwa thupi. Kuphatikiza pa mapapu, aulesi amatha kupuma kudzera pakhungu. Pali mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya ma slgs osiyanasiyana kukula, mawonekedwe ndi mitundu.
Zisanu ndi ziwiri zotchuka kwambiri zikuwoneka ngati:
- imvi yayikulu kapena kambuku wa slug Limax Maximus ndi wamkulu kwambiri, mpaka 20 cm. Imakhala ndi mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ya imvi, yokhala ndi ma tent tent. Chovala chimakwezedwa kumutu,
- bulasi yayikulu yakuda ya slug Arion ndi yayikulu kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 15. Utoto umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni mpaka lalanje wowala,
- Budapest slug Tandonia budapestensis yaying'ono, mpaka masentimita 6. Mtundu umasiyana kuchokera ku bulauni mpaka imvi, keel yayitali kumbuyo kwake nthawi zambiri imakhala yopepuka kuposa thupi lonse.
- yellow slug wa Limax kukoma kwa sing'anga kukula, mpaka 9 cm. Chikasu kapena mtundu wamba, wokhala ndi mafuta, ma tententi abuluu achitsulo,
- Dera lazg Arion Gortenis ndi laling'ono, mpaka 4 cm. Ili ndi mtundu wakuda buluu, m'munsi mwa phazi ndi ntchofu ndi lalanje wachikasu,
- The slug of the gray field of Deroceras reticulatum ndi ochepa, mpaka 5 cm. Utoto umasiyanasiyana kuchokera kutuwa wonyezimira mpaka imvi yakuda, kupweteka kwamapazi kumakhala m'maso,
- Testolella haliotidea sing'anga, mpaka 8 cm. Mtundu - utoto wonyezimira. Wochepera m'mutu kuposa mchira, ndi chipolopolo chaching'ono.
Chosangalatsa: Ngakhale kuti aulesi amakhala ndi thupi lofewa, ali ndi mano olimba komanso olimba. Iliyonse imakhala ndi kamwa kamkamwa kamene kali ndi mano osakwana 100,000 pa tepi ya radula kapena lilime.
Kumanga
Thupi la terrestrial slugs ndi lalitali kutalika, koma limatha kusintha mawonekedwe chifukwa cha kupindika kwa minofu. Kunja, aulesi amakhala ndi ziwonetsero ziwiri. Kutsegula kwam'mapapo kokha komwe kumanja ndi kumene kumaphwanya. Epithelium ya khungu imalekanitsa kuchuluka kwa ntchofu, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuyumitsidwa kwa chotsegulira, zimathandizira kuwonekera pang'onopang'ono pamtunda, komanso kuthamangitsa adani.
Monga gastropods ena, magawo atatu ali odziwika mu thupi la slugs: mutu, mwendo ndi visceral misa. Chomaliza, pakalibe chipolopolo, sichimapanga chikwama chamkati, ndikukhomekezeka mbali yakumanzere ya mwendo notum (lat. notum - kubwerera). Pamutu pake pali ma tentative contrapttile (limodzi kapena awiriawiri), pomwe ziwalo zam'malingaliro (maso opukutika, ziwalo za tactile ndi sensation zamankhwala zimapezeka). Kumbuyo kwa mutu kumbali yakumbuyo kumakhala chovala chokhala ndi chotseguka cham'mapapo chosatupa (pneumostom) kumatsogolera kumkono wamkati, womwe umagwira ngati mapapo. Kutsegulira kwa anal kumakhala pafupi ndi pneumostom.
Ma ground slugs amadziwika ndi hermaphroditism (nthawi zina motsatana) ndi umuna wophatikizana.
Kodi munthu wosalira amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Yellow slug
Slugs azikhala m'malo onyowa, akuda kapena nyumba. Matupi awo ndi onyowa, koma amatha kupuma ngati alibe malo okhala. Masipu nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'malo omwe anthu adapanga, monga minda ndi maluwa. Amatha kupezeka kulikonse padziko lapansi ngati malo awo ndi onyowa komanso ozizira.
Mukudziwa bwino zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma slog ndi nkhono, koma ma gastropod adasinthana kuti azisankha malo ambiri apadziko lapansi - kuyambira m'nkhalango kupita ku zipululu komanso kuchokera kumapiri atali kupita mitsinje yakuya.
Britain ndi kwawo kwa slug wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - Limax cinereoniger. Imapezeka m'nkhalango zakum'mwera ndi kumadzulo, imafika 30 cm mukadzala bwino. Pafupifupi mitundu 30 ya a slugs amakhala ku Britain, ndipo mosiyana ndi zomwe ambiri amakhulupirira, ambiri amachititsa kuwonongeka pang'ono m'mundamo. Zina mwa izo ndi zothandiza, chifukwa zimadya makamaka pakuwonongeka kwa masamba. Pali mitundu inayi yokha yomwe imapanga zowonongeka zonse, chifukwa chake ndibwino kuphunzira kuzindikira awa ochepa oyipa.
Chosangalatsa: Mosiyana ndi nkhono, ma slgs sakhala m'madzi atsopano. Ma slog a panyanja amapanga padera, natayanso zipolopolo za makolo awo.
Mitundu ina, monga ya m'munda, imakhala pamtunda, ikudumphira m'mizimba. Ena, monga munda wa slug, nawonso amawukira mobisa, makamaka mbatata ndi mababu a tulip.
95% yaulesi m'mundamu imakhala yosawoneka mobisa, nthawi ina iliyonse, ndichifukwa chake njira zopangira khungidwe kanyumba kamatchero zimayamba kutchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi. Mtundu umodzi wa nematode ndi majeremusi achilengedwe, omwe amakhalanso mobisika.
Ecology
Mwinanso, chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zida zokwanira zopewa madzi osungunuka, ma slgs amakhala m'mabotolo onyowa, mwachitsanzo, zinyalala za m'nkhalango zowola. Munthawi zachilengedwe zomwe zilipo, zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, zimadya masamba adagwa, mbali zopanda limba za zomera zokhala ndi moyo, komanso bowa (kuphatikiza ndizoperewera kwa zolengedwa zina). Oimira mitundu ina - zilombo zolusa komanso necrophages, kudya invertebrates moyo nthaka (mwachitsanzo, gastropods ena ndipo, nyongolotsi) ndi matupi awo.
Slugs ilinso ndi gawo lochulukirapo la adani, kuphatikizaponso adani. Nyama zambiri zapakhomo zimawadyera, komabe, palibe "oledzera" ena mwa iwo. Kuchokera ku ma slump a mammary, hedgehogs, moles, shrews ndi makoswe ena ngati mbewa amadya modzifunira, kuchokera kwa mbalame - akhwangwala, ma jackdaws, starlings ndi nkhokwe zina, komanso kuchokera kwa mbalame zapakhomo - nkhuku ndi abakha. Slugs imaphatikizidwanso m'zakudya za achule ambiri, mikanda, salamanders, abuluzi ndi njoka.
Pakati pa tizilombo tosakhazikika, tizilombo tambiri timadya timadzi tokoma. Makamaka ambiri a iwo pakati ka kafadala-pansi pansi (Carabidae).
Slugs ndi omwe amakhala (osakakamiza, apakatikati kapena oyambira) pamavuto ambiri. Chifukwa chake, m'matumbo am'mimba, chiwindi kapena impso za slugs zina, mitundu ingapo ya ciliates ndi coccidia idapezeka.
Mavuto ambiri aulesi amakhala ndi mitundu ingapo ya maulangeti angapo, ma tapiwipi, zozungulira, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe munthu wamkulu amakumana ndi zoweta ndi mbalame zakuthengo.
Mtengo wachuma
Slugs imayambitsa mazira a mbatata ndi masamba, kabichi yoyera ndi kolifulawa, letesi, mbewu zosiyanasiyana za masamba (masamba ndi mizu yoyambira kuchokera m'nthaka), mbande ndi mphukira zazing'ono zamasamba ambiri, nyemba ndi nandolo, sitiroberi, nkhaka ndi tomato, komanso zipatso ndi zipatso mphesa. Amayambitsa kuvuta pang'ono ku kabichi wofiira, parsley, adyo, anyezi, masamba a nkhaka zakucha ndi sitiroberi. Amawononga kwambiri tirigu ndi rye, nthawi yomweyo amadya nthangala ndi mbewu zake. Zocheperako, oats ndi barele amadwala ma slgs, kwenikweni samakhudza tirigu wamkati, fulakesi ndi burwheat. Kukhazikika pa chomera chimodzi kupita pamzake, slugs zimathandizira kufalikira kwa matenda osiyanasiyana fungus ndi ma virus pakati pa mbewu - kabichi powonera, nyemba za nyemba za Lima, komanso kuzizira kwa mbatata. Matendawa amatha kubweretsa zotayidwa mnyumbamo, komanso nthawi zambiri, kuposa zochita zowononga za slugs.
Kodi aulesi amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Lambulani m'mundamo
Sumpgs ndi omnivorous, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti amadya zonse zomera ndi nyama. Slugs siokoma ndipo amadya pafupifupi chilichonse. Sipogi zimathandizira kuthyolako zinthu mukamadya chakudya ndikuzibwezeretsani m'nthaka.
Amadya masamba owola, nyama zakufa, ndipo pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe angapezeke padziko lapansi. Zoyala ndizofunikira kwambiri zachilengedwe chifukwa zimaphwanya michere mukazidya komanso ndikazibwezera, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri polenga dothi labwino.
Slug amakhala nthawi yayitali mumakola ozizira, onyowa pansi panthaka. Imawoneka usiku kudya masamba, mbewu zikumera, mizu ndi zomera zowonongeka. Mitundu ina ya slugs ndiyachilengedwe. Amadyanso ma slgs ena ndi ma nyansi.
Zowonda zamtundu wa nkhono zam'mapapo zimakhala ndi minofu yofewa, yokhala ndi mucous ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi malo okhala pamtunda (mtundu umodzi wamadzi oyera umadziwika). Mitundu ina ya slugs imawononga minda. M'madera otentha, mapapu wamba wamba ochokera ku mabanja amtchire, ma chacidid ndi ma filomycids amadya bowa ndi masamba owola. Zowoneka bwino za banja la herbivorous Veronicelid zimapezeka m'malo otentha. Zoyipa zanyengo zomwe zimadyanso nkhono zina ndi nyongolotsi zimaphatikizanso ma testicles ochokera ku Europe.
Zosangalatsa
Nyanja slug Elysia chlorotica imagwiritsa ntchito chloroplasts Vaucheria litorea m'matumbo am'mimba. Chloroplasts amatha kusinthitsa chakudya chaubweya m'thupi kwa miyezi ingapo, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti shuga azikhala ndi glucose kuchokera ku photosynthesis. Jini la slug limapukusa ena mwa mapuloteni ofunika ndi ma chloroplasts a photosynthesis.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Chithunzi: Blue Slug
Sumpgs amazolowera kukhala pamtunda komanso panyanja. Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe, amachotsa zinthu zakufa, kuwola zinthu, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito monga chakudya chofunikira cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama. M'madera ambiri, ma slgs amaikidwa ngati tizirombo chifukwa amatha kuwononga mbewu zaminda ndi mbewu.
Mucus ndi gulu lachilendo, lopanda madzi kapena lolimba. Zimawuma pamene slug ikapuma, koma zovomerezeka ikakanikizidwa - mwa kuyankhula kwina, pamene slug imayamba kusuntha. Slug imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti apite kwawo (njira yochepetsetsa imapangitsa njira yosavuta kuyenda). Ntchofu zouma zimasiya chizindikiro cha siliva. Slug imapewa nyengo yotentha chifukwa imataya madzi mthupi mosavuta. Imagwira makamaka mu kasupe ndi m'dzinja.
Slugs imayenda pamtunda wambiri, kuphatikizapo miyala, dothi, komanso nkhuni, koma amakonda kukhala ndikuyenda m'malo achinyezi kuti adziteteze. Kusuntha komwe kumapangidwa ndi ma slgs kumawathandiza kukweza mbali zodikiratu ndikukhala bwino. Kuyenda kwa ma slgs kumayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa akamagwira ntchito ndi minofu yawo m'malo osiyanasiyana ndikupanga mosiyanasiyana.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Big Slug
Slugs ndi hermaphrodites. Amakhala ndi ziwalo zachimuna ndi zachikazi. Masewera aubweya amatha kukhala ndi iwo okha ngati pakufunika kutero, ndipo akazi onse amatha kutulutsa mazira ang'onoang'ono a ngale. Wavalayi amaikira mazira 20 mpaka 100 pansi panthaka (nthawi zambiri pansi pa masamba) kangapo pachaka. Vuto limodzi limatha kubereka ana mpaka 90,000 pa moyo wonse. Nthawi yamakulidwe imadalira nyengo. Mazira nthawi zina amabwera pambuyo popuma zaka zingapo. Slug imatha kukhala kuthengo zaka 1 mpaka 6. Akazi amakhala nthawi yayitali kuposa yamphongo.
Mukameta, aulesi amasuntha ndikusokoneza matupi awo kuti amadzipukutira mozungulira amuna awo. Kukhazikika kwa kapangidwe ka mafupa kumapangitsa kuti ma slgs azisunthika motere, ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ntchofu kukakamira kuchokera ku tsamba kapena udzu kumakwatirana. Anthu awiri akakhala pamodzi, aliyense amaloza chimwala chamiyendo (chotchedwa chachikondi cha chikondi) kukhoma la thupi la mnzake mwamphamvu kwambiri kotero kuti imalowa mkati mwa ziwalo zina.
Popewa zilombo zolusa, zina mwaulesi zimayang'ana mumlengalenga, pomwe mnzake amayimitsidwa ndi chingwe chowoneka bwino. Kugonana komwe kumachitika pambuyo pake kwa slugs kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mnansi wapamtima.Amakhalabe amuna bola akhale pafupi ndi mzimayi, koma amasintha kukhala akazi ngati ali okha kapena pafupi ndi bambo wina.
Adani achilengedwe a aulesi
Chithunzi: Kodi a slug amawoneka bwanji
Slugs zimakhala ndi zolengedwa zambiri zachilengedwe. Komabe, pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana, adani awo amasowa m'malo ambiri. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa anthu obwera kumeneko kukule mwachangu. Makamaka nyama zolusa zolimbikira ndi zamtundu wamitundu mitundu (mwachitsanzo, kafadala ndi ntchentche). Tizilombo tambiri ndi mphutsi zambiri zimadya kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, kafadala sakonda kudya slugs. Ndiwonso gwero lalikulu la chakudya cha ozimitsa moto ndi kafadala.
Hedgehogs, mikanda, abuluzi ndi mbalame za nyimbo zikufunika tizilombo kuti zikhale ndi moyo. Palinso adani achilengedwe aulesi, koma sangakhale moyo pakudya iwo okha. Popeza tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikuopsezedwa kuti tidzawonongeka kapena tawonongeka kale m'malo ambiri, aulesi amatha kukhalamo mwakachetechete. Kuchulukana kwa tizilombo tosakaza kwakhala kowononga kwambiri kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo kuulimi ndi ulimi wa ziweto.
Muyenera kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo, chifukwa mwinanso mumathandizira adani achilengedwe a slugs kukhazikika m'munda wanu. Komanso m'magulu a slugs ali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo - otchedwa molluscicides, omwe amavulaza osati ma slgs ndi nkhono zokha, komanso owononga zachilengedwe.
Chifukwa chake, adani achilengedwe a slugs ndi:
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Ku UK, pali mitundu pafupifupi 30 ya slugs. Ambiri a iwo ndi azomera zamasamba, koma ena ndi acarnivores. Kuchulukana kwa anthu kumawonjezeka nthawi yamvula komanso m'minda yothiriridwa bwino. Munda wamba nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi 20,000 slugs, pomwe ma gastropod amayikira mazira 200 pa mita ya cubic. Kuchepa kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu ambiri omwe amadyetsa, monga amphibians ndi hedgehogs, kwathandizanso kukulira kuchuluka kwa anthu.
Ngakhale zilombo zazikulu monga amphibians zimatha kungoyikira mazira kamodzi pachaka, ma slgs alibe malire. Kuphatikizidwa ndikuti ma slgs amakula bwino kwambiri kuposa kale, wamaluwa samapeza mpumulo ndipo amafunikira njira zowongolera zolimbana ndi izi.
Kuyendetsa mosadukiza komwe kumachitika pakati pa mayiko ndi kofala chifukwa kumalumikizana ndi nthaka ndi dothi. Zitha kunyamulidwa kudzera muzomera zophika, masamba osungidwa ndi zinthu zina, zida zamatabwa zamatabwa (mabokosi, mabokosi, mapenti, makamaka zomwe zinali zogwirizana ndi nthaka), komanso zida zakulimira ndi zida zankhondo. Kupangidwa kwa mitunduyi ngati kubwera kumadera ambiri padziko lapansi kuyambira kuchiyambiyambi kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, zikuwoneka kuti ndi kogwirizana ndi malonda oyambilira komanso kukhazikika kwa anthu aku Europe, ndi umboni wa ma slgs obweretsedwa m'magawo atsopano.
Sumpgs ali m'gulu la nyama zotchedwa ma mollusks. Slug - Ichi ndi nyama yopanda chipolopolo chakunja. Chachikulu, chokhala ndi chovala chokhala ndi chovala chokhala ngati chovala kumaso kwake, chimakhala ndi chipolopolo Slugs ndizofunikira kwambiri zachilengedwe. Amapereka chakudya kwa mitundu yonse ya anyama, mbalame, mphutsi, tizilombo ndipo ali mbali imodzi yachilengedwe.
Ndani omwe ali aulesi: mafotokozedwe, zithunzi, mitundu, malo mwadongosolo
Slugs, kapena ma slgs, amatchedwa gastropods, omwe chipolopolo chake panthawi ya chisinthikacho chinakhala chosavuta kapena kutayika. Tizilomboti tili ndi thupi lokwera pang'ono, ndikusintha mawonekedwe chifukwa cha minyewa. Kutengera mtundu wa kutalika, amafikira kuchokera ku mamilimita angapo mpaka 2 mamilimita. Thupi la gastropod mollusk limakhala ndi mchenga, bulauni, imvi, utoto, nthawi zina ndi madontho oyera oyera ndi akuda. Lili ndi:
- mutu wokwezeka wokhala ndi ma tententi anayi aatali, omwe ali ndi maso, olimbitsa ndi kufupikitsa milomo, omwe amagwira ntchito yokhudza kukhudza ndi kuzindikira.
- torso yokhala ndi chovala kumbuyo, mkati mwake momwe mudali ndi mapapu, ndipo kudzanja lamanja - kupumula komanso koyandikira kumatako,
- miyendo - gawo lamunsi la thunthu, pomwe mwini wake amayendayenda.
Khungu la mollusk ndi loonda, lophimbidwa ndi chinthu cha mucous, chomwe chimathandiza kuti lisunthe, limalepheretsa kuterera pamalo owonekera, kuteteza motsutsana ndi zilombo komanso zimathandiza kuti chinyontho chizikhala chinyezi. Zomwe cholengedwa ichi chikuwoneka.
Pali mitundu yambiri ya tizirombo: dimba (dimba), wakuda, wofiira, kabichi, munda, nkhalango, ndi zina zotere.
- empire - ma cellular
- supra-empire - eukaryotes,
- ufumu ndi nyama
- ufumu - mitundu yambiri,
- mtundu - maubulo,
- kalasi - gastropods,
- jenda - aulesi.
Khalidwe labwino
Kuti muchite bwino ndi alendo osawadziwa kunyumba, m'munda kapena m'munda, sikokwanira kudziwa njira zabwino zowathandizira nawo. Kuti athe kuchotsa okhazikika pa omwe amadya mbewu, munthu ayenera kumvetsetsa momwe amaberekera, kuchuluka kwake, zomwe zili zoyenera kwambiri kukhalapo kwawo komanso kubereka, kuposa momwe amakonda kudya chilengedwe ndi chipinda chochezera.
Kuberekanso, kuzungulira kwamoyo, chiyembekezo chamoyo
Izi tizirombo ndi hermaphrodites, i.e., nthawi yomweyo zimakhala ndi zikhalidwe zogonana. Kuti ziberekane zimafunikira umuna wamtanda. Nthawi zambiri, ochita kupeza amapeza mnzake wakubereka mwa fungo. Pakatha kuvina kwakanthawi, umuna umasinthana, kenako aliyense amaikira mazira awiri ndi atatu - mazira m'nthaka yonyowa.
Pambuyo pa masiku 14 mpaka 21 mpaka 21, timabowo tating'onoting'ono. Achinyamata amadya kaye zinyalala zadothi. Pambuyo pa masiku 40-45, iwo amakula ndikuyamba kubereka. Pambuyo pakukhwima kamodzi, mazira amayikidwa kwa mwezi kapena kupitirira. Nyengo yanyengo imodzi, munthu aliyense amatha kuyikira mazira mazana asanu.
Slugs omwe amakhala mkati mwa Russia, atagona komaliza, amwalira mukugwa. Pambuyo pophikira mazira kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, achinyamata amapezeka, omwe, atatha mwezi wathanzi wakhama, amayamba kubereka.
Kuzungulira kwa chitukuko kumatengera nyengo. Nthawi zina gastropods, osakhala ndi nthawi yoti ayikire mazira m'dzinja, nthawi yozizira pansi ndikugona mchaka. Nthawi yawo yokhala ndi moyo zaka 1-3.
M'malo abwino okhala
Zowoneka ngati chinyezi komanso mthunzi. Mtengo woyenera wa kutentha kwawo kuti akhalepo bwino kuyambira 15 mpaka 19 digiri. Mollusks amakhala otakataka usiku ndi usana mvula ikadzala, pomwe mlengalenga mumakhala chinyezi. M'nyengo yotentha, amapendekera m'nthaka ndikusintha ngati ntchofu, ndikugwa.
Pofuna kuti pasapezeke, aulesi amakhala m'malo obisika. Amakonda kukhazikika pansi pa mabodi, nthambi, miyala ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala malo othawirako komwe amabisala nyengo zovuta ndi maso amtengo.
Kodi slugs amadya chiyani zachilengedwe komanso kunyumba?
Ma gastropod amadya bowa ndi zinyalala za mbewu. Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri ndi magawo azomera, masamba ndi zipatso. Tizilombo timeneti ndiowopsa m'minda yolimapo. Amatha kuwononga pafupifupi mbewu yonse.
Kuphatikiza apo, zolengedwa zoterera izi zimatha kukhala nkhungu komanso matenda osiyanasiyana opatsirana. Mitundu ina yaulesi ndi mphutsi zapakatikati zophatikizira nkhuku. Kuphatikiza apo, zikaukira m'minda, tizirombo timawasiya nkhungu, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwawo.
Zomera zomwe tizilombo timene timadya nthawi zambiri:
- kabichi
- saladi wachichepere
- sitiroberi ndi zitsamba,
- wogwiriridwa
- mbewu zopachika, kupatula mpiru.
Kodi slugs amachokera kuti, amawoneka bwanji m'munda, munda, nyumba?
Ndi zachilendo m'munda uliwonse kapena m'munda womwe alendo omwe sanaitanidwewo kulibe. Kodi adachokera kuti? Gastropod mollusks, okhala kuthengo ndikusamalira zachilengedwe zakutchire ndi zamtchire, mofunitsitsa amasamukira ku malo obzala zachikhalidwe, akugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yoposa 150 ya chakudya chawo. Nthawi zambiri tizirombo timagwera pa chiwembu ndi mbande zoyesedwa.
Zabwino nyengo, yotentha, yonyowa kasupe ndi nthawi yophukira, nthawi yachilimwe yamvula, nyengo yotentha, imathandizira kubwezeretsanso kwaulesi. M'munda ndi m'mundamo amatha kupezeka pansi pamasamba akuluakulu, m'mitengo momwe kumakhala konyowa komanso kwamdima, maenje a kompositi.
Slugs imatha kukhazikika pokhapokha pobzala, komanso bwalo la nyumba yapanja pansi pa matabwa ndi miyala, komanso m'malo okhalamo komanso osakhala okhalamo (bafa, cellar kapena pansi). Zitha kupezekanso m'zipinda zomwe zili pansi. Amasamukira kumalo okhalamo kuti akafune kuzizira komanso kuzizira m'dzinja lowuma komanso nyengo yachisanu.
Momwe mungawononge tizirombo m'munda?
Pali njira zambiri zomwe zingathandize kuthamangitsa alendo osayitanidwawo. Njira zina zowongolera gastropods cholinga chake ndiku kuchotsa ndikuthamangitsa tizirombo, pomwe ena amafuna kuti awononge. Zotsirizazi zimaphatikizira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opangidwa ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala opangira kunyumba ndi othandizira okhala ndi chilengedwe.
Kupanga zovuta kwambiri
Ngati pazifukwa zina simukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito ankhanza omwe amatha kuthana ndi tizirombo, mutha kungowathamangitsa pamalowo. Kuti muchite izi, zonse ziyenera kuchitika kuti malo ena osankhidwa m'gawo losankhidwa akhale losatheka:
- Thirani mchenga wowuma, utuchi kapena osaphwanya bwino dzira kapena zipolopolo za mtedza kuzungulira minda.
- Finyani dothi lozungulira mbewuzo ndi phulusa, laimu, singano za paini kapena superphosphate, amene sakonda slugs. Izi zichitike pokhapokha ngati kuli kouma.
- Pangani zotchinga za makapu amadzi otayika, omwe anamira pansi pamlingo womwewo kuti gastropods isathe kupita kumalo obzala.
- Chotsani miyala, matabwa, namsongole, zotsalira m'deralo.
- Pukuta nthaka yonyowa.
- Kukumba dothi mozama m'dzinja.
Mankhwala
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala pokhapokha ngati njira zina zilibe mphamvu komanso tizirombo tambiri totalikirana. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda siabwino kulimbana ndi thukuta, chifukwa si tizilombo. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonongera moyenera. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi mankhwala othandizira polimbana ndi tizirombozi zimaperekedwa pagome:
Dzina la mankhwala ophera tizilombo | Zogwira ntchito | Kutulutsa Fomu | Mawonekedwe | Nthawi yogwira, masiku |
Predator | Metaldehyde | Ma granles owuma | - otetezeka kwa tizilombo tothandiza
- zimaphatikizapo kumanga malo a nyambo.
| 30 |
Nkhani | - Zapangidwa kuti zizilamulira tiziromboti m'nyumba ndi m'nyumba,
- yoyenera kubzala mbewu zilizonse,
- Zotsatira zake zikuwonekera patatha maola angapo mutabalalitsa magawo.
| 14–21 |
Stopulitis | - amapha majeremusi mu maola 24,
- Zilibe vuto lililonse m'minda komanso tizilombo tothandiza.
| 21 |
Bingu | - amathamangitsa mbalame
- Njira zochizira 1-2 pachaka ndizokwanira kuteteza kmaudzu kuzomera,
- amawononga maolloll mkati 2 maola,
- imasunga mvula ikagwa,
- Zisakhudze zowawa tizilombo.
| 14–21 |
Odya pang'ono | - zosagwirizana ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo,
- kumwazikana magalasi madzulo.
| 14 |
Ulicide | Iron phosphate mchere | - kugonjetsedwa ndi mvula
- zotetezeka zamoyo ndi zomera,
- yoyenera kusinthira mbewu zilizonse
- ili ndi zinthu zachilengedwe.
| 14 |
Njira zoyang'anira zolengedwa: nyama ndi zomera motsutsana ndi ma slgs
Zomera zokhala ndi tchire toterera zimathandizira kuchotsa tizirombo tosazungulira ndi adani awo achilengedwe. Njira imodzi yosamalirirani yolimbana ndi ma slgs ndikupanga malo kunyumba kwanu komwe sanalandiridwe mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zofunikira kuti nyama zamoyo zizidya tizilombo.
Pofuna kukopa adani achilengedwe a gastropods kumunda, muyenera:
- kuti mbalame zizipachika nyumba zosungiramo mbalame, zopanda mkate ndi tirigu pamitengo,
- pa chakudya chamadzulo, pangani nyumba kunja kwa masamba kapena pangani dziwe laling'ono lokhala ndi mpanda wa udzu utaliitali,
- kwa ma hedgehogs pafupi ndi chosungira cha mabodi, nthambi kapena nthambi, pangani kanyumba ndikuphimba ndi udzu ndikuyika chakudya chouma cha nyama, mtedza, zipatso.
Zomera zabwino zimathandizira kuchotsa tizilombo. Pafupi ndi mbewu zomwe tizirombo timakonda, komanso poyandikira malowo zibzalidwe:
- adyo
- uta
- sage
- marigold
- oregano
- Pelargonium
- basil
- chitowe
- mpiru
- chokwawa
- kufesa nsikidzi.
Zithandizo za anthu ndi njira
Njira za anthu othana ndi alendo osafunsidwawa ndikuwaza mbewu zomwe zimadya tizirombo, poyizoni kapena kugwiritsa ntchito misampha ndi zonyansa. Pazokonzekera zodziyimira pawokha, zomwe zimawonetsedwa patebulo pansipa, khofi, ammonia, ndi zina zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zosakaniza | Kuphika | Kugwiritsa |
300 g wa adyo, 10 l amadzi | Mukalimbikira kusakaniza kwa zinthu kwa maola 24, vutani. | Popera madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi dothi pansi pawo. |
50 g ufa wowuma wa mpiru, 300 ml ya madzi | Thirani mpiru ndi madzi. Onjezani madzi ku yankho lomwe limadulira ola limodzi kuti voliyumu yoyambayo idatsika. |
500 g wa fodya, 5 l madzi | Onjezani sopo pang'ono wamadzimadzi ku chisakanizo cha fodya chomwe chaphikidwa masana. |
250 g lowuma kapena 0,5 makilogalamu a tsabola wowotcha watsopano, 5 l madzi | Kusakaniza kwa zinthu zomwe zimaphatikizidwa kwa maola makumi awiri ndi awiri kumawiritsa ndikukupatsanso kwa maola 48. |
1 tsp khofi wapapo kapena pansi, 100 ml ya madzi | Sakanizani zosakaniza. |
2 tbsp. l ammonia, 5 l amadzi |
Zambiri zamomwe mungadzipangire nokha pakokha zida zogwira slugs:
Zosankha za Msampha Wazilombo | Kuphika | Kugwiritsa |
Mowa | Dulani mabotolo kuchokera m'mabotolo apulasitiki. Thirani mowa mumtsuko kuti aphimbe pansi. | Konzani misampha patsamba lanu kapena kumira pansi. Tizirombo tomwe tinasowa mwaiwo titha kuzitengera kutali kwambiri mdera lanu. |
Zosanza za Moisten ndi mowa ndi malo pa polyethylene. | Kufalitsa pa malo nyambo. Mumaundula atagundika, ndikukulungani ndi kutaya. |
Chimanga | Thirani chimanga cha chimanga mumtsuko wagalasi. | Ikani zotengera kumbali zawo ndikuyika m'malo angapo. Mutadzaza msangawo ndi tizirombo, tsekani chivundikiro chake ndikuutaya. |
Kabichi | Zosafunika. | Kufalitsa masamba obiriwira kabichi m'derali. Pambuyo akakamira ndi aulesi, kuwataya kapena kuwawotcha. |
Momwe mungachotsere slugs mu nyumba kapena nyumba yapadera?
Ngati kachilombo kamodzi kapezeka kunyumba, kayenera kutayidwa. Ngati mollusks wambiri akupezeka mchipindacho, muyenera kupeza pomwe iwo amangochokerako ndikuwaza mchere kapena ufa wampiru pafupi naye. Mutha kupukutanso pamalo omwe tizirombo tikuyenda ndi nsalu yothira ndi viniga kapena ammonia.
Kupewera kwa maonekedwe a slugs mchipindamo ndi chiwembu
Ndiosavuta kuchitapo kanthu panthawi yake kuteteza nyumba ndi nyumba kuti zisawonongeke ndi tiziromboti, kuposa pamenepo kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo osayesa kuyesetsa kuzichotsa. Mutha kuteteza nyumba yanu ndi dimba kuti musaloledwe ndi alendo osakumanidwa potsatira malamulo angapo:
- popewa kuwononga malowo ndi matabwa, miyala, masamba, maudzu,
- ikani ma kompositi momwe mungathere pamipando,
- kukumba nthaka mu kugwa,
- gwiritsani ntchito singano za conifer ngati mulching
- Osabzala mbande pafupi kwambiri
- Bzalani pa gawo la chomera, fungo lake lomwe limasokoneza maubwenzi,
- Pukutani m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba ndi laimu, chotsani makoma ndi sulfure wamkuwa, pumani ndi kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri.
Makanema ofanana aulere:
Kanema wa Slug 2006 - mumakonda kuonera kanema wotere pa intaneti? Nkhani zabwino kwa mafani! Tasonkhanitsa chilichonse kwathunthu Zowopsa za alendo ndi malo kwa kuwona kwaulere mumtundu wabwino.
Komanso samalani ndi kusankha kwakanema ndi chiwembu chofananira:
Siyani ndemanga kapena mtundu wa kanema, monga tsamba lanu, tidzakusangalatsani kwambiri!
Mtundu Wosalala
Ndi kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira komwe pachimake zochitika za slugs zimachitika, pa 1 sq. m mupeza anthu achikulire 25 olimba mtima. Zosungiramo tizirombo toterera izi zimakhala ndi mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya mbewu, kuphatikizapo kabichi, nandolo, tomato, nkhaka, kaloti, mbatata, sitiroberi. Kusiyanako ndi tsabola wotentha.
Sumpgs amatha kutchedwa olanda usiku, chifukwa amakonda kuchita mwakachetechete mumdima. Masana, malo okhala ndi chinyezi kwambiri komanso kutentha pafupifupi madigiri 18 amasankhidwa. Amachoka m'malo awo obisalamo 'achifwamba' pambuyo pa 21.00 ndikuchita phwando mpaka pafupifupi 2.00. Chifukwa chake, atazindikira kuti mabowo mumasamba ndi ziphuphu m'mipatso, alimi nthawi zambiri amaganiza kuti mbozi zagwira ntchito. Ayi, awa ndi aulesi. Amadzipukutira chakudya ndi lilime la grater, pomwe masauzande angapo (!) Ma cloins achi Chitinous. Zimakhala ndi iwo kuti ma slgs amapanga mabowo pazipatso, amakula mwakuzama, ndipo masamba nthawi zambiri amatayikiridwa pakati, osakhudza mitsempha yayikulu. Popeza tizirombo sakhala usiku, zanzeru zawo zimadziwika mosavuta ndi mizera yasiliva ya ntchofu ndi milomo ya chimbudzi chowoneka chomwe chimasiyidwa pamasamba ndi zipatso.
Kuti tisunge mbewuyi, tifunika kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu. Ndi ziti? Zosiyana kwambiri. Koma tisanayambe nkhondo, tiyeni tidziwe amene akuwonongeka pang'ono kuti tidziwe zofooka zake.
Pomwe dothi limakhala lotayirira ndipo lopanda matumba akuluakulu, ndipo malo osafesedwa, mpweya komanso kusakhazikika sikusunthika, aulesi ndi ochepa.
Slug ndi dzina lodziwika kwa ma gastropod ambiri, achibale a nkhono omwe pang'ono kapena atataya zipolopolo zawo panthawi ya chisinthiko. Thupi lawo lofewa komanso losalala la masentimita 7 ndiloyambira phazi limodzi ndi mutu. Khungu lonyansa limasunga ntchofu, lomwe limaphimba thupi lonse, kuliteteza kuti lisaume komanso kuthandiza kukwawa.
Pamutu pa a slug pamakhala tinyanga tiwiri tating'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe titha kuuchotsa: kumtunda ndi maso, komanso m'munsi kukhudza. Utoto wa tizilombo umatengera mitundu, koma nthawi zambiri imakhala imvi kapena bulauni. Ngakhale palinso malalanje owala.
Slugs ndi hermaphrodites, ndiye kuti, nyama zamitundu iwiri. Koma kuti ayikire mazira, pomwe amasamba otheka, amafunikirabe matuza. Othandizana nawo amapezana ndi fungo lapadera, lomwe, malinga ndi asayansi, ndilopadera kwa aliyense, monga zala zathu. Mukatha kukhwima, aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito mazira angapo m'nthaka akuya masentimita 5 - 8 pansi pamatumba, ming'alu, m'maenje ofunda a kompositi kapena pansi pazinthu zingapo (milu yaminga, miyala, etc.). Mwa njira, atagona koyamba, ma slgs safunikiranso kukwatirana, "cholandilidwa" cholandiracho chidzakhala chokwanira kuyikira mazira mazana anayi. Nyerezerani kuthamanga kwawo kweneku!
Nthawi zambiri mazira amakhalapo mpaka kumapeto. Ndipo pafupifupi theka lachiwiri la Meyi, ana aang'ono obwera kumene amayamba kuwoneka kuchokera mazira osaneneka. Kukula kwachichepere, ngakhale kuli kochepa, kumakhala kowopsa modabwitsa: kumadya chakudya kwambiri kuposa kunenepa kwake. Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, tizirombo takonzeka kubereka ndi kuyikira mazira. Ndipo pakugwa (makamaka ngati chilimwe chanyowa), timawona kuchuluka kwawo.
Kuchulukitsa kwa slugs kumathandizidwa ndi nyengo yamvula kwa zaka ziwiri zotsatizana: kugwa nthawi ya oviposition, m'chilimwe cha chaka chamawa nthawi ya kukula kwamagulu achinyamata.
Ngati simukufuna kusokonezedwa ndi kugwira tizirombo, njirayi itha kuthandizidwa komanso pafupifupi yokha. Makamba am'madzi ndi masamba ophimbidwa ndi wokutira pulasitiki kuti ma slgs azitha kukwera pansi pawo. Usiku, tizirombo timaphimbidwa, ndipo masana, kutentha kwambiri kukadzuka mkati mwa msampha wofikira, adzafa, osatha kupirira chipinda chinyezi chopangidwa. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti ziphuphu sizikuuma, ndikuwonjezera nyambo yatsopano.
Sungani m'mawa m'mawa ndi magolovu kapena ndi timipukutu. Choyamba, ndizovuta kutsuka ntchofu, ndipo chachiwiri, zimatha kukhala ndi mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilomboto.
Mutha kugwira ma arthropod ndi mowa. Zikuwoneka kuti amakondabe chakumwa chofukizachi. M'malo awo owononga kwambiri, kukumba mbiya za theka-lita m'nthaka (sinthani ndi izo), pomwe mumatsanulira mowa 100 g. Slugs, yosemedwa ndi chakumwa chaulere, chidzakwawira mumakontena, koma sangathe kutuluka mumitsuko yamagalasi. M'mawa mudzawasonkhanitsa m'mbale imodzi ndi kuthira madzi amchere ambiri. Kenako akhoza kuponyedwa mumulu wa kompositi.
Muthanso kukumba mozungulira muli osaya ndi chokoleti chofinyira mozungulira munda, womwe muyenera kutetezedwa. Slugs ndi yisiti yosungunuka m'madzi amakopanso. Njira yakale yachikale imagwira ntchito bwino: ikani chikho chimodzi cha viniga 9% mu ndowa ndikuthira izi pamutu pa kabichi nthawi yamadzulo ndi yankho ili. Ma slgs, ophimbidwa ndi zinyalala kapena zouma zouma, zimadutsanso ndi ma slgs. Mapesi a dilesi yolimitsa amatha kupindika mozungulira mwendo wa kabichi: aulesi amaopa kwambiri kuwotchera kwake.
Kudyetsa ma lichens, bowa ndi masamba omwe adagwa, ma slgs amagwira ntchito ngati mtundu wotsukira ndikuthandizira pokonza ma organics. Asodzi amagwiritsa ntchito nyambo, ndipo anthu ena okhala chilimwe amaweta nkhuku kuti adye.
Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mulch mu ma buluti ambiri okhala ndi utuchi, mchenga wowuma komanso khofi yoledzera. Ngakhale khofi wocheperako amachepetsa mphamvu yamanjenje, ndipo tizirombo timafa.
Kuti muteteze tizirombo, mutha kupanga zodzitchinjiriza pafupi ndi kama ndikuwaza pansi ndi mandimu, phulusa, fumbi la fodya, mpiru wouma, kapena ngakhale Superphosphate.
Poizoni wowona wa slugs ndi Iron Sulphate. Kuti muchite zambiri, iyenera kusakanikirana ndi mitsinje kapena mchenga wamba. Kamodzi mu chisakanizo chotere, a slug amamwalira patatha masekondi angapo.
Mutha kuwaza maula kawiri pausiku ndi mphindi 20-30 ndi yankho la "mchere wa Potaziyamu" (1 makilogalamu pa 10 malita a madzi), pogwiritsa ntchito 1 litre yankho pa 1 sq. m. Kuyika kwa "Superphosphate" (30 - 40 g pa 1 sq. m), laimu yosenda (30 g pa 1 sq. m), kusakaniza kwa laimu ndi fumbi la fodya (20 - 25 g aliyense) ndiwothandiza. Koma chithandizo chimodzi chamankhwala am'mawa, sichokwanira. Nthawi yoyamba yomwe zinthuzi zifika pamtunda wa tiziromboti, mankhwalawa amatulutsa ndulu yambiri ndikuthira mankhwala omwe wadwala. Chifukwa chake, chithandizo choyamba chimamugwirira iye mowopsa, ndipo wachiwiri yekha ndi omwe amatsimikizira chiwonongeko chokwanira.
Kukonzekera kwapadera (mwachitsanzo, "Meta", "Bingu") kumatha kupha tizirombo, koma kutengera kulumikizana kwawo mwachindunji ndi a slg. The yogwira mankhwala irondehyde imalowera kulowa mthupi, ndikupanga poyizoni. Nthawi yomweyo, slugs amakonda kwambiri mankhwala. Atamva fungo lake, amamuyang'ana ndipo adya. Ndipo pakapita mphindi 1 - 2, amayamba kuchitapo kanthu. Poyamba, tizilombo timeneti timasinthasintha, kenako ndimakhumudwa kwa pafupifupi theka la ola kapena ola, kenako ndikuwonjezekanso. Ndipo pafupifupi 1 - 1.5 mawola amwalira.
Koma kugwiritsa ntchito umagwirira, muyenera kusamala. Mankhwala onse ayenera kuyimitsidwa masiku 20 asanakolole. Pakupsa zipatso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mpiru (150 g pa 10 L madzi), tsabola wa pansi (1 tsp. Per 1 sq. M) kapena phulusa la nkhuni (300 g pa 1 sq. M), kuwapukutira ndi kubzala. Komanso, konzekerani chisakanizo cha fumbi la fodya, phulusa ndi laimu yosenda chimodzimodzi. Zabwino zimaperekedwa ndi yankho lokonzedwa kuchokera ku madzi okwanira 1 litre ndi 2 tbsp. l ammonia.
Mu Novembala, chisanu chisanachitike, kukunani dothi pachidebe cha fosholo ndi kusiya mpaka kumapeto. Popeza aulesi sangabisike kwambiri, nthawi yozizira adzafa limodzi ndi mazira otayidwa.
Amalimbananso ndi madzi otentha (kuphatikiza 40 - 50 madigiri) madzi. Koma njirayi ndi yoyenera kabichi, chifukwa imagwirizana ndi kutentha kwambiri.
Mwambiri, kuti ma slgs asavutike pa kabichi, dzalani mbande nthawi yoyambirira (mbewu zokhwima komanso mizu sizikhala ndi tizirombo) ndi mzake motalikirana mpaka 50 cm, kuti asapange madera onenepa, onyowa komanso otetezedwa. Kuwonongeka kwa mbewu kumatha kuchepetsedwa ndikuthira mabedi ndi zidutswa za mapepala apulasitiki kapena chitsulo. Omwe alimi ena ozungulira mbewu amapanga ma 5 cm kuchokera pansi: ndikosavuta kuthira madzi mu "sosi" wopangidwira, manyowa, ndipo chinyezi sichifalikira pamtunda.
Oddlyly, mu nkhondo yolimbana ndi aubweya omwe amakonda chilichonse chonyowa, madzi amathanso kuthandizanso. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudula mphuno yakale yothirira mosalekeza, kukumba m'nthaka pang'ono ndikuwadzaza ndi madzi (makamaka mchere - 1 tbsp. L mchere pa 1 l). Kamodzi m'malo ogulitsira oterowo, a slugs sangathenso kutuluka ndikufa mwachangu.
Pali adani ambiri a gastropods m'chilengedwe, koma siofala kwambiri m'minda yathu. Ma saizi agwidwa bwino ndi zisanza, ntchentche, abuluzi, agwape, mbalame zina ndi timadontho. Slugs amalandilanso kulandila kwa kafadala ndi nyerere. Koma popeza tizirombo timagwira kwambiri usiku, mdani wawo woipa kwambiri ndiye chala chaimvi.
Kuti muchepetse nkhondo yolimbana ndi aulesi, abweretseni onse patsamba. Ndipo, chabwino, samalani, chotsani namsongole ndi kudulira udzu munthawi yake. Zowoneka bwino mumakonda mitengo yomwe mutha kubisala ndi dzuwa lowononga.
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