Nsomba za Aquarium kuchokera kwa oimira ma cichlids zimakonda ndi amadzi ambiri am'madzi. Mwa mitundu yonse, cichlazoma yakuda-yowoneka bwino imapezekanso - nsomba yowoneka bwino komanso yayitali komanso yapamwamba mtsogoleri. Kuti muthane ndi okhala motere sizovuta, mumangofunikira kudziwa za chikhalidwe cha ziweto komanso kukonza kwake.
Kufotokozera ndi malo achilengedwe
Koyambira ku Central America. Apa nsomba zimakhala m'malo osungira osapanda kanthu bwino ndi dothi lamiyala. Kunja, chiwetocho chimakhala ndi thupi lalitali ndi mtundu wowala - thupi la utoto wamtambo wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda ndi mawanga. Mitundu ingapo ya cichlazoma tsopano idapangidwa. Cichlazoma wokhala ndi zigawo zisanu ndi zitatu, albino yachilendo, ndi cichlazoma wofiyira. Mtundu wa lalanje wowala mu cichlazoma fest.
Zipsepse zimabisalira thupi lonse, m'mphepete momwemo. Mowoneka, zipsepsezi ndizowonekera, koma tint wachikasu amawoneka posuntha. Oimira ena paziphuphu atchulanso kutulutsa kwamtundu wachikasu, ngati Saic's cichloma, komanso mawanga omwe amapita kumapeto a dorsal. Maso ndi okulirapo, akuda ndi utoto.
Ngati chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chiri chokwanira, nsomba sizikumana ndi zovuta kuchokera kwa omwe amagwira nawo ntchito kwambiri - asodzi a nsomba amakonda kubisala m'malo obisika kuti asangalale.
Zaka zokhala ndi moyo wabwino pazaka zoyenera zafika zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Aquarium
Aquarium ya nsomba, muyenera kusankha lalikulu kwambiri voliyumu. Zabwino kwambiri amaziwona ngati aquarium ya lita zana. Kwa ma cichlases amitambo yakuda kwa banja, kumalimbikitsidwa madzi am'madzi okwanira malita 50-60, ndipo ngale, severum kapena Eliot adzafunika nyumba kawiri. Kuchokera pa malita 120 amadzi mumafunikira vinyo wa cichlazoma. Pali nsomba zamtundu wa Managuan, kwa awiri omwe amadzaza amadzala 400 malita kapena kuposerapo, chifukwa nsomba ndi yayikulu. Monga momwe zimafunikira cichlazoma fest.
Dothi
Nthaka ndimiyala mwachilengedwe, motero simuyenera kuwonjezera mchenga m'madzi. Ndikokwanira kuyika miyala yayikulu-yayikulu ndi mtundu wosiyana. Kuti mupange malo okhala, ikani miyala ikuluikulu kapena ziwonetsero zadothi pansi, konzani mapanga, ma grotto. Tsikhlazoma biocellatum amakonda kukumba pansi, motero iyenera kukhala yayikulu.
Kuwala
Kuunikira pang'ono kuli koyenera. Monga mukuwonetsera, ngati mufuna kuyatsa kwamphamvu kwa nsomba zina zomwe zimakhala m'madzimo, izi sizimavutitsa ma cichlids - amatha kubisala pamaso amdima.
Pali mitundu ingapo yosungiramo malo am'madzi. Amasiyana machitidwe awo, kukula kwawo ndi mawonekedwe awo. Poganizira zamtunduwu, siyani pazomwe ndizoyenera kwambiri ziweto zomwe zilipo komanso kukula kwa aquarium.
Daimondi cichlazoma
Mtundu wakuda diamondi. Makulidwe omwe ali mu ukapolo amakhala pafupifupi, pafupifupi 20 cm ndi ochepera. Samaliyamu ya diamondi nthawi zambiri imayenera kutsukidwa, chifukwa nsomba zimakonda kukweza fumbi kuchokera pansi, kusuntha miyala. Kukwiya kwa diamondi cichlazoma sikuloleza kuti kusungidwa ndi nsomba zazing'ono.
Tsikhlazoma Severum
Oimira Severum ali ndi mtundu wosiyana ndi utoto, Madontho komanso kukula. Ma aquarists ambiri ali ndiIKhlazoma Severum, amawukonda chifukwa cha kusazindikira kwawo komanso mawonekedwe ake. Mtunduwu umatha kudziwika ndi zaka zana - zaka pafupifupi 15. Chifukwa cha chinsinsi chapadera chomwe Severum adyetsa ana awo. Voliyumu yabwino kwambiri ya Severum imachokera ku 200 malita.
Meeka
Silvery cichlomas wa Meek - kukongoletsa kwa aquarium. Nsombazo zimakhala ndi zipsepse zofiyira komanso khosi, dontho lakuda kapena mzere thupi. Mtundu wa Meek umakhala wowala kwambiri akamatulutsa. Kutalika kwa thupi kuli mpaka 17 masentimita, chifukwa nsomba mudzafunika nsanja yayitali pakati pa malita 150. Meeka amakonda kukumba pansi ndikubisalira m'misasa.
Utawaleza
Utawaleza cichlazoma amatanthauza ziweto zazikulu ndipo zimakhala ndi zovulaza. Mtundu umakulirakulira mukamakula. Kukula kwake kumatha kutalika mpaka 35 cm. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa nsombazo m'magulu awiri mu 400 000 malita. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chili pafupifupi zaka khumi.
Tsikhlazoma Bee
Njuchi ya cichlazoma ndiyodziwika ndi mtundu wake wachilendo komanso yaying'ono. Nsomba zambiri zimakhala ndi utoto wokhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya buluu mpaka yakuda. Kutalika kwa thupi kumafika mpaka masentimita 12. Amasiyana m'makhalidwe azankhanza poyerekeza ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Kuti mukonzetse, mukusowa aquarium ya malita 120.
Sejika
Tsikhlazoma ya Sajik imatha kukumana pafupipafupi. Ichi ndi nsomba yayikulu kwambiri mpaka masentimita asanu ndi anayi okhala ndi thupi lokongola la siliva wonyezimira. M'mphepete mwa Sajik muli mawanga a lalanje, komanso mikwingwirima yakuda. Tikakhala opanda ulemu, Ma aquarium omwe adalimbikitsa ma Cichlases awiri a Sajik ndi malita 60. Mwamuna wamwamuna Sajika amadziwika ndi bampu pamphumi pake.
Chinaraguan
Nsomba yaku Nicaraguan cichlazoma ili ndi mtundu wokongola - kuchokera ku buluu mpaka wachikasu. Pakati pali chingwe chakuda. Cichlazoma wa ku Nicaraguan ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 15 zakubadwa. Nsombazi ndizamtendere, koma zazikulu, ndizofunikira, kuti zizisungidwa. Amasowa ma aquarium kuchokera ku malita 150.
Salvini
Utoto wa Salvini ndi wapadera. Thupi lopakidwa utoto wowala, wamizeremizere wautali. Nsombazo zimakula pafupifupi 20 cm, choncho Salvini amafunika malo am'madzi okwanira 200 malita. Kutalika kwa moyo wa Salvini kuli pafupifupi zaka 13. Woyambitsa nsomba wa m'madzi atha kuyamba kulima Salvini, nsomba sizovuta kuyisamalira.
Cuba
Nsomba imakhala ndi imvi ndipo utawaleza utawaleza, utoto wake umatha kusintha mosiyanasiyana. Cuban cichlazoma amakula mpaka 20 cm, motero malo akuluakulu okhala ndi malita 150 amafunikira. Amakhala ndi mkwiyo.
Cikron kapena ndimu cichlomas
Citron imakhala ndi torso yowala kuchokera ku mandimu kupita ku lalanje. Kukula kwakukulu, kumafika 20 cm kapena kupitilira. Khalani ndi moyo kuyambira zaka 10 mpaka 12 pansi pa malo abwino. Mandimu cichlazoma ndi okwiyitsa.
Khalidwe ndi Kugwirizana
Cichlazomas ndi amodzi mwa ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amakhala mwachangu komanso achangu, kotero musanakhazikike, lingalirani za yemwe mumagwirizana naye kuti mupewe kusamvana. Ngakhale mtundu wake wadyera, nsomba zimatha kuyenderana ndi ziweto zambiri ngati sizisokoneza. Chimodzi mwachipongwe kwambiri chimatchedwa cichloma ya fest.
Nsomba za Aquarium zimakonda kukhala zankhanza pokhapokha pokhapokha ndikusamalira ana awo.
Kusankha oyandikana nawo, muyenera kuyang'ana pa kukula ndi mawonekedwe ofanana. Amakhala bwino ndi pseudotrophies, pelvicachromises, nannakars. Milandu yokhala mwamtendere ndi minga ndi zotchinga ndizodziwika. Koma ndibwino kuti musabzale nsomba zam'madzi, apo ayi kulimbana kwa dothi kumayambira. Sikoyenera kusunga zilombo zazikulu limodzi - zimadyera pama cichlases komanso zimayambitsa kupsinjika kwa nsomba.
Kuswana
Kuberekera nthawi zambiri sikufuna munthu kuchitapo kanthu. Ndi zabwino, amadzikwatirana. Wamphongo ndi wamkazi amakhala ndi banja ngakhale asanathe.
Kubalana sikudalira nyengo, mwachangu kuwonekera chaka chonse. Clutch imodzi imakhala ndi mazira mazana atatu, koma si iliyonse yomwe imawonekera. Kubala ana ndi nthawi yowonjezera nsomba, chifukwa chake simuyenera kukhala achangu, kusuntha zadothi, kusunthira dothi.
Matenda
Zokhudza matenda, palibe matenda enieni pano. Zowopsa kwa nsomba ndi ma bacteria ndi ma virus ma virus. Zifukwa zakukula kwa matenda:
- madzi osasankhidwa,
- kuthekera kosakwanira
- kusowa kwa fyuluta yabwino.
Zotsatira zake, madzi samakhala malo okhala, koma malo owonongeka - ammonia, ma nitrate ndi nitrites amadziunjikiramo, ndikuwopseza chamoyo cha okhalamo. Nsomba zimatha kudwala chifuwa chachikulu kapena matenda obwera chifukwa cha kupsinjika, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa chakuchuluka kwa anthu aku aquarium kapena oyandikana nawo omwe amakhala mwa iwo.
Makhalidwe amtundu wa cichlase
Ma cichlases akuda amtundu wakuda ali ndi mtundu wopepuka, wamtambo wowoneka bwino komanso wamtambo wakuda bii pafupifupi mikwaso yakuda. Akazi ndi omwe ali ndi mimba yokhala ndi utoto wamkuwa.
Zebras atha kutaya mbuna kupita ku chinsomba ngati cholinga chawo chikhale kuti afike pamalopo. Koma, ngati simukupanga mpikisano, mnyumba yosungirako yokhala ndi ma diode apamwamba kwambiri, amawoneka abwino kwambiri.
Kuswana, kufalitsa cichlasoma wakuda
Akatswiri onse am'madzi amadziwiranso kuti kusala ma cichlases akuda sikovuta. Ndipo ndi mtheradi, zenizeni! Titha kunena kuti kubereka kwawo kumachitika mosadalira. Koma, monga mu bizinesi ina iliyonse, kuti mukwaniritse bwino, mukufunabe zokumana nazo, ndipo koposa zonse, kuyesetsa.
Cichlazoma wakuda-wakuda ndi nsomba yodziwika bwino; opanga okha amapanga magulu awiriawiri monga ang'ono, ali okha. Pakapangidwe ka awiriawiri, koyambirira ndikwabwino kuyisunga mu gulu laling'ono mulingo wofanana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu kapena zisanu.
Kuthengo
Nsomba zamtunduwu zimakhala bwino kuthengo.
Monga mukudziwa, pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya nsomba zam'madzi zoyamba kuthengo zinkakhala kuthengo. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola, adagwidwa ndikuwasintha kukhala mu ukapolo.
Izi zidachitika ndi cichlomas. Kuthengo, amakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana osungirako zinthu ku Panama, Guatemala, Honduras, Costa Rica, m'mitsinje ina ku America, makamaka kumwera kwa dzikolo. M'malo obadwira, nsomba zamtunduwu zimasankha mitsinje yayikulu ndi yaying'ono moyo wake, kuphatikiza apo, imatha kupezeka m'mitsinje yaying'ono. Ndikoyenera kuti ma cichlazomas akhalepo m'malo opanda phokoso, pansi kapena m'makona ang'onoang'ono.
Kudyetsa
Pamadyedwe a cichlazoma, okhala ndi mizere yakuda, osamveka bwino. Cichlazoma wakuda samakana zowuma zingapo: gammarus, daphnia ndi chakudya chopangidwa ndi msika. Pakati pazomera zamasamba, nyenyeswa za mikate yoyera sizisiyidwa, ndipo nyama zamkaka zosapsa kapena nkhumba zimakongoletsedwa kuchokera ku mkate wophika kunyumba.
Kukonzekeretsa zinthu zotere sikophweka konse: ndikofunikira kudula mafuta a ng'ombe kapena mtima wa nkhumba, filimu ndi magawo a cartilaginous, kenako ndikudula mtima wazidutswa, ndikuyika m'matumba apulasitiki ndikuwumitsa. Musanadye, pezani kukhitchini grater ndikudyetsa pang'ono. Nyama yokhala ndi minced yotereyi simangokondedwa ndi cichlazoma wakuda, komanso nsomba zambiri.
Tlamhlazoma Wakuda Wamizeremizere
Awa ndi nsomba zomwe zimasiyana ndi zachilengedwe mitundu yapinki, yofiirira kapenanso ya rasipiberi. Mtsutsano woti nsomba izi ndi zomwe zimachitika pakusintha mosalekeza kapena kusinthika kwa majini sichinapepuke. Asayansi ambiri amakonda kukhulupirira kuti mtundu woyambirira wa nsombawo ndi womwe umapangitsa mtundu wa recessive ndipo amayenera kuutcha kuti Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum var. Flamingo Kukula kwa chiweto sichimafika masentimita 7,8, mawonekedwe a manambala abwino samasinthidwa. Zachikazi ndizocheperako komanso zopatsa, koma ndikatulutsa, ma spleles okongola a amayi amapezeka mbali zawo.
Nsomba imakhala ndi chitetezo chokhazikika chofanana ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe, ndipo imatha kupatsa ana okhazikika mumtundu wake wautoto.
Ma Albino Ma Cichlases a Wakuda
Fomuyi imatha kuwoneka mwa ana a aliyense wa Zebras-Cichlases. Mawonekedwe a alubino ndi omwe amabwera chifukwa chosinthira masinthidwe a malesili. Nsomba zotere zimabadwa mwachilengedwe komanso zam'madzi.
Anthu aliwonse alibe khungu, amakhala ndi chitetezo chofooka kwambiri, chizolowezi cha matenda ambiri.
Izi gene anomaly ndizofunikira kwambiri pazikhalidwe zomwe zimamangidwa komanso magawo a malo am'madzi, ziweto zimatha kufa ngakhale kutentha kutatsikira mpaka +22 ° C.
Cichlazoma chakatalika chakuda
Itha kuchitika chaka chonse ndi zosokoneza zazing'ono, zonse mu Aquarium komanso padziwe lina losawuka. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino, ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mochulukitsa pamtunda, potero kuchepetsa mavuto, malo amkati ndi nsomba zina, kuphatikiza ndi njirayi ana ambiri amasungidwa.
Magawo am'madzi a aquarium sachita mbali ina pakuwaza. Monga cholimbikitsa pakuwaza, 1/4 - 1/5 yamadzi amadzimadzi amasinthidwa ndipo kutentha kumawonjezeka ndi madigiri angapo (pafupifupi 28-29 ° C).
Pakapita chibwenzi kwakanthawi kochepa, mkaziyo amaikira mazira pamalo okongola, amatha kukhala mwala, ndipo pansi pa mphika, chipolopolo, pogona pena, ngakhale chipolopolo cha coconut ndizoyenera kuchita izi. Nthawi zina caviar amaikidwa pamtengo wa chomera. Pambuyo pofalikira, makolo amawonetsa nkhanza kwambiri kwa onse "alendo osawadziwa" omwe asambira gawo lawo. Ngakhale ndi nsomba yayikulu, makolo amamenyera mpaka komaliza mazira ndi mwachangu.
Moyo wam'madzi
Tsikhlozama zebra ndi nsomba zopanda chidwi, motero zimatha kubweretsedwa kwa oyamba kumene omwe sadziwa zoweta ziweto za aquarium. Amakhala bwino ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba, ngakhale yamtopola. Titha kunena kuti zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi nsomba zina. Komabe, zobisika zamtunduwu ziyenerabe kudziwika chifukwa cha kubereka kwawo bwino. Tilankhula za iwo munkhani ili pansipa.
Ma aquarium angati asankhe
Izi nsomba sizoyimira abale kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, pozisamalira, malo am'madzi omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 100 pa nsomba zingapo ndizoyenera. Kwa akuluakulu, mutha kusankha mosamala m'madzi kuchokera ku malita 250, kuyembekezera kubereka mwachangu.
Poganizira kuti anthu ena amakhalanso m'madzi am'madzi, zofuna zawo ziyeneranso kukumbukiridwa.
Kapangidwe ka m'madzi mutha kusankhidwa mpaka mita imodzi.
Madzi a Aquarium
Gawo lalikulu lomwe muyenera kulisamalira ndi madzi, omwe amakhala malo okhala ziweto zanu. Madzi ayenera kukhala atsopano. Madzi abwino kapena kasupe wabwino. Koma choyamba ziyenera kutetezedwa kwa pafupifupi tsiku limodzi. Kenako nsomba zimatha kukhazikitsidwa m'nyumba yawo yatsopano.
Kutentha kwamadzi kuyenera kukhala pakati pa 24 ndi 27 degrees Celsius. Mukatulutsa, ndikofunikira kuti kuwonjezera madzi ndi madigiri angapo. Nthawi imeneyi, nsomba zimayamba kusamala kwambiri ndi malo okhala.
M'malo mothetsa madzi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito chotchingira madzi a Tetra Aqua Safe.
Chilichonse chili ngati chilengedwe
Izi zitha kuchitika posankha miyala, dothi komanso kubzala mbeu zofunikira. Ma cichlids wokhala ndi zingwe amamva bwino ndikusankhidwa koyenera pazomwe zili pamwambapa. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimakonda kwambiri zachilengedwe komanso zimanyoza pansi.. Tiyenera kuwapatsa mwayi. Komabe, ndikosayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga, chifukwa nsombayo ikadzakuwononga, madzi amatha kusefukira.
Kuphimba pansi ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yayikulu-yayikulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsa, aquarium ikhoza kugawidwa m'magawo angapo. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo awiri, ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi ma tiketi amiyala yakuda angapo. Tsopano pakugulitsa m'masitolo azinyama mungapeze chilichonse chomwe mungafune: m'mapanga, grotto, malo otsetsereka, otsetsereka, ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, nthambi ndi driftwood. Mwanjira, kapangidwe ka malo am'madzi amatha kupanga kalembedwe kalikonse malinga ndi zomwe amakonda mwiniwake.
Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi mbewu mu aquarium. Nsomba za Aquarium zimawakonda kwambiri. Ndipo malo okhala ndi zomera amawoneka okongola kwambiri.
Zomera monga echinodorus zimayenda bwino chifukwa cha masamba awo akulu ndi owondana. Cryptocorynes ilinso bwino mu chilengedwe. Zomera zimafunika kulimbikitsidwa bwino ndi miyala, ndipo zibzalidwe m'miphika yaying'ono, yomwe imalimbikitsidwanso pansi.Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mbewuyo idakhazikika pansi, apo ayi mutha kupeza chisokonezo m'madzimo, chifukwa nsomba zamtunduwu nthawi zambiri zimasokoneza dothi ndipo mbewu zosasunthika bwino zimatha kusambira mu aquarium, zomwe zimakhala zovulaza thanzi la zomera zam'madzi.
Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito mbeu zomwe sizifunika kukhazikitsidwa pansi, monga elodea. Chomera chimamasuka kusambira m'madzi, ndipo chikangofika pansi chimatulutsa mizu yomwe imagwira pansi.
Momwe mungapangire zakudya zoyenera?
Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino kumadalira chakudya choyenera.
Pazithunzi ndi makanema ambiri omwe atumizidwa pa intaneti, mutha kuwona momwe njira yodutsira ikusangalalira.
Muyenera kudyetsa zosiyanasiyana, koma dosed. Mu zakudya muyenera kudyetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yokhala chete, youma, masamba.
Amakonda nyama zing'onozing'ono zazing'ono komanso nsomba zozama, ndipo amasangalala ndi timabowo tosiyanasiyana komanso tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta nyama.
Kwa mwachangu, wopanga ma tubule, ma cellworm, ndi zina zachilengedwe zowonjezera ziyenera kuperekedwa.
Chenjezo ndikuti nsomba zimasamba mosavuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamavutike. Ndi bwino kupatsa chakudya kawiri pa tsiku, koma pang'onopang'ono.
Cichlazomas wa Disc Wakumanja
Ma Disk isomorphs a Tsikhlazoma-Zebra ndi omwe amabwera chifukwa cha kusankhidwa chifukwa chodutsa mawonekedwe achilengedwe ndi mitundu yogwirizana kwambiri.
Awa ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala ndi thupi lalifupi ngati disk, ndizofanana ndi discus yabodza. Amapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kusatetezeka mwa anthu ndiokhazikika.
Chithunzi caviar cichlazoma wakuda-wamtambo
Munthawi yama makulidwe, opanga amasamalira mazira mosamala, amayang'anira kuyera kwawo, ndikuchotsa mazira osafa ndi akufa.
Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mphutsi, makolowo (achikazi) amawasamutsira kumalo ena obisika, monga lamulo, ili ndiye ngodya ya aquarium yokhala ndi malo abwino pobisalira. Pakatha masiku awiri kapena atatu (pomwe mavu a ulk atasowa mu mphutsi), mphutsi zimatuluka m'khola ndikuyamba kusambira ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi makolo awo. Kudyetsa ana, zazikazi, ndikugwedeza zipsepse, zimamvetsetsa phokoso lochokera pansi pamadzi, ndipo pofika madzulo limasonkhanitsa aliyense pobisalira.
Cichlazoma wachikasu
Ichthyologists nawonso alibe lingaliro limodzi pa izi. Kuchokera pamalingaliro amodzi, mitundu yachilendo yamtambo wamtambo wa akuda imapezeka m'chilengedwe kokha m'madzi a Lake Charo. Koma asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti uwu ndi mtundu wokhawo woberekera, wopangidwa mwakapangidwe komanso osakhala zachilengedwe.
Maonekedwe a thupi ndi zinthu zina sizosiyana ndi mtundu wamtundu wamtundu wamtambo wamtambo. Kutalika kwamphongo ndi 10-11 cm, zazikazi ndi 6-8 cm.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wowala bwino komanso wowala wa nsomba izi, nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa Lemons, zimakondedwa kwambiri ndi oyamba kumene.
Mtundu wa anthuwa umasinthasintha, koma zofunika za kuchuluka kwa thanki komanso kutsatira kwambiri magawo am'madzi momwemo.
Kugwirizana
Ngakhale kuti Tsikhlazoms wokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda ndi a banja lankhondo la a Tsikhlov, mtunduwu umakhala mwamtendere pokhapokha nthawi yamasewera.
Ndikamawerengera bwino komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira, Zebras imatha kukhala limodzi ndi ma cichlids ena:
- pelvicachromis,
- pseudotrophies
- diamondi cichlomas
- ma choko okongola.
Pankhani yaukatswiri woyenera wa chosungira, anthu oyandikana ndi a Zebras akhoza kukhala:
Ngakhale ubale wa ziweto zam'madzi pansi pamadzi sizimatheka nthawi zonse, makamaka ngati kuterera kumachitika mu malo wamba otchedwa aquarium. Mbidzi zimayika mazira pansi ndipo zimateteza mwachangu. Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito kavalo pakukhwima, malo okhala oterowo akhoza kukhala.
Mukasunga Tsikhlazoma ya Black-Striped, ndiye kuti sangakhale wankhanza, koma moyo wake udzachepetsedwa. Ziwetozi ndizabwino komanso zowoneka bwino pagulu, kapena zophatikizika ndi munthu yemwe si wamkazi.
Pakukhazikitsa tanki ndikuphatikizira molondola zofananira za amuna kapena akazi, sitiyenera kuyiwala ngakhale wamkazi mmodzi wamwamuna aliyense wamwamuna.
Musasunge nsomba zazing'ono zoweta, monga maguwa, mavu, mavu, pafupi ndi mbidzi zamkwiyo, posachedwa zimasandukira chakudya. Mitundu yayikulu ya ma cichlids imatha kukhala ndi mbidzi zazing'ono koma zolimba.
A Tail akutsimikizira: maziko azam'madzi
Zebra cichlazomas adakali otchuka kwambiri m'madzi amakono ndipo akutsogolera pakufufuza kwapaintaneti.
Izi nsomba ndizosasamala kwambiri zamitundu ya cichlid ndipo ndizochepa kwambiri, koma sizokayikitsa kuti oyambira am'madzi oyamba azigwiritsa ntchito kuswana kwawo, chifukwa zofunika mwazigawo zam'madzi ziyenera kuzindikirika bwino. Pali malamulo ena osungira ziweto izi:
- Kusankhidwa kwa thanki kuyenera kuganizira kukula kwa chiwetocho. Malita 50-60 ndi okwanira banja, koma ndibwino kuti zizisungidwa okhala pansi pamadzi m'gulu laling'ono mu malo osungirako osakhalako okwanira malita 200-300.
- Ndikwabwino kusankha malo okhala m'mizinda momwe mungapangire kugawa bwino mothandizidwa ndi masamba, ma skigs, grottoes, m'mapanga. Mikwingwirima yakuda imakonda malo obisika, amafunikiranso "ana", omwe makolo achangu amasamalira ana awo.
- Ndikofunikira kupanga dothi kuchokera ku tchipisi ta granite kapena timiyala tating'ono popanda lakuthwa konsekonse. Ziweto zazingwe zamtambo wakuda zimakonda kusekerera pansi ndipo zimatha kukweza mitambo ya mankhwala kuchokera kumtunda wofewa. Miyala yayikulu ndi yosafunika, chifukwa omanga zachilengedwe izi sangathe kuzisuntha.
- Mphepo zambiri ndi mapanga okonzedwa ndi mwini wake pasadakhale zimathandizira kuchepetsa ntchito yomanga mwachangu ndikusunga pansi kuti zisawonekere mozungulira ndi maenje m'malo obzala mbewu zam'madzi. Ma Blackstrips amakondanso miphika ya ceramic ndi halvesut ya kokonati ngati nyumba.
- Kuti tisunge kutchera koyambirira kwa thankiyo, ndibwino kusankha mafomu okhala ndi mizu yolimba ndi masamba olimba. Echinodorus, cryptocoryne, anubias ndi yoyenera. Vallisneria spiral ikhoza kubzalidwa kumbuyo komwe ndikuwala Izi zipanga zokongoletsera zokongola ndikuthandizira kuyeretsa madzi kuzinthu zoyipa, zimadzaza ndi mpweya.
- Algae a akuyandama mitundu - ricchia, pastia, wolfia - mthunzi pamadzi ndipo zithandizira kupatsa thanzi chakudya cha ziweto ndi chomera chatsopano.
- Mafuta a tanki ayenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale. Pamenepa, madzi ampopi amatetezedwa kwa tsiku limodzi. Ma paramu ofunikira: kutentha + 24 ... + 28 ° С, kuuma 9-28 dH, acidity 6-8.3 pH.
- Ngati nkhokweyi ndiying'ono ndipo ili ndi Zebras imodzi yokha, ndiye kuti kufunikira kwawowonjezera mphamvu ndi kusefera ndizochepa, koma zida izi ndizofunikira posungira. Kuphatikiza apo, maphunziro okwanira ayenera kuperekedwa, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mazai azitha kupanga bwino.
- Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kuchuluka kwa madzi liyenera kusinthidwa ndi kuyeretsa, kusinthidwa sabata.
- Kuunikira kumalimbikitsidwa kuti ichitidwe pamwamba, koma kuti mukhale ndi mtundu wowoneka bwino, nthawi zina mumatha kuyatsa mbali kapena kuyatsa kwatsogola.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Atafika miyezi isanu ndi inayi, nsomba yakuwala ija imakhala munthu wokhwima, wokonzeka kubereka. Munthawi imeneyi, mutha kudziwa mosavuta kugonana kwa munthu wokhala m'madzi mwa kukula kwa thupi ndi mtundu wake. Akazi ndi nsomba zazing'ono zokhala ndi masikelo apinki owoneka bwino, ndipo zazimphona ndizimtundu zokulirapo ndi mitundu yowala pang'ono.
Nthawi yoswana ya ma cichlids imatha kuyambira Meyi mpaka Sepemba. Pakadali pano, zazikazi zimayikira mazira m'misasa yomwe adawakonzera. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito amalimbikitsa kuti nsomba zoterezi, pamodzi ndi ana awo, ziziyikidwa muzotengera zoyenera kuti pakhale kutentha pafupifupi + 27 ° C.
Ndizotheka kudziwa nthawi yomwe flamingo cichlazoma iyamba kuchuluka, molingana ndi chikhalidwe chake. Amuna amayamba kuyenda mozungulira pamadzi, kukopa chidwi chawo. Mmodzi wokhwima m'magulu amatha kubereka mazira 300 nthawi, kenako wamwamuna amakwaniritsa iliyonse ya izo. Modabwitsa, "awiriawiri" a nsomba zomwe zimapangidwa nthawi yakubzala ndi nthawi yophukira amakhala okhulupilika kwa moyo wawo wonse. Abambo osamala a banja lansomba amayimilira ana, amayamba kuchita zinthu mokalipa kwa nzika zina za m'madzi, kudziponya paukonde, kupha oyandikana nawo osateteza mazirawo.
Ngakhale kuti ma cichlomas amawonedwa kuti ndi "makolo" abwino, munthu sayenera kuyiwala kuti moto wamphesa yamoto ndi nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimatha kudya mwachangu, kuzitenga ngati chakudya. Mbadwo wocheperako nthawi zambiri umakhala mu chidebe china chokhala ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 30 ndi aeration ofooka, momwe kutentha kumakhalabe mkati mwa 30 ° C. Fry wamasiku atatu amayamba kudya chakudya chokhazikika, muzakudya zawo mungathe kuphatikiza ma ciliates, oatmeal, chakudya chapadera. Ana okalamba amabwerera kumalo osungira nsomba, komwe makolo amatenga ana awo mwachangu kubanjako ndikuwongolera kuyenda kwawo.
Chithunzi cha mphutsi za Cichlazoma
Monga mukumvetsetsa, mwachangu amakula popanda kukopedwa ndi opanga. Komabe, nthawi zina zamphongo zimatha kuwonetsa kukwiya kwambiri ndipo pazinthu zotere ndi bwino kumusiya, kusiya achichepere m'manja mwa mkazi yekha. Munthawi imeneyi, woyang'anira nsomba amayenera kuyang'anira kuyendetsa bwino madzi ndipo musaiwale kubwezeretsa madzi kamodzi pa sabata.
Sikovuta kudyetsa cichlamose wa ana Monga chakudya choyambira, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ufa uliwonse wouma kapena wophatikiza. Mutha kudyetsa ndi chakudya chodulidwa chokhacho, koma muyenera kutsimikizira za mtundu wake.
Maonekedwe a thupi
Mbidzi ma cichlids ndi olimba komanso otentha, matupi awo ali ndi mtundu wautali ndipo amapanikizika pang'ono pambuyo pake, ziweto ndi eni nyali yayitali kwambiri, yowala yayikulu ndi yayikulu, koma yokhala ndi mutu wokwanira.
Amuna nthawi zonse amakhala ndi mwayi wopanga masewera othamanga, ndipo zipsepse zake zimakhala zazitali ndikuwongoka, pakupita kwa nthawi, kukula kwina kumachitika.
Akazi okhala ndi ma cichlases akuda ndiwosalala komanso owoneka bwino, zipsepse zawo ndizowzungulira.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Cichlazoma wakuda-wakuda (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) adafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1867.
Amakhala ku Central America, kuyambira Guatemala kupita ku Honduras ndi Panama. Pakadali pano, afalikira kwambiri ku United States, makamaka kumayiko akumwera.
Amakhala m'mitsinje Guaramo, Aguan, Tarkoles. Amakonda malo okhala ndi otaya, ndipo amapezeka m'mitsinje yaying'ono ndi m'mitsinje yayikulu. Biotope wamba yomwe nsomba imakhala ndi mwala pansi, yokhala ndi malo okhala ambiri.
Izi nsomba sizipezeka konse poyera, zimakonda ngodya zokhala ndi malo okhala. Amadyanso zachilengedwe pa tizilombo, mphutsi, mphutsi, nsomba ndi zomera.
Zovuta pazomwe zili
Cichlazoma wakuda wokhala ndi zingwe zosavuta kusamalira komanso kusamalira. Koma, nthawi yomweyo, siyabwino kwa oyamba kumene chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake chokongola. Ndikofunika kuyiyika payokha, kapena ndi ma cichlid ena a ku Central America, mu malo otambalala kwambiri.
Kuphatikizanso kwina ndikuti ndikosavuta kutha kwa banja, ndipo nthawi zambiri kuchokera ku mbali ya asaramu simuyenera kuchita chilichonse.
Ali ndi mbiri yofalikira muthumba mukamawongolera kunyumba kuchokera ku sitolo. Zachidziwikire kuti izi ndi nthabwala, koma nthabwala zomwe sizili kutali ndi zenizeni.
Koma, ngakhale ndi zabwino zake zonse, mizere yakuda siyingalangizidwe kwa oyamba kumene. Momwemonso, nsomba zankhanza sizabwino kwa oyamba kumene, makamaka ngati sakudziwa izi ndipo atenga nsomba izi mumadzi wamba.
Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi
Palibe zovuta kusiyanitsa chachikazi ndi chachimuna chamutu wakuda.
Kugonana kwa wamwamuna kumatha kudziwa kukula kwake, ndikokulirapo, ndi pamphumi yolimba, koma yopepuka.
Monga ma cichlids ambiri, ziphuphu zachimuna ndi zobowola zimayalidwa ndikuwongola.
Yaikazi imakhala ndi utoto wamalanje pamimba yake, ndiyocheperako komanso yozungulira.
Cichlid Wakuda-Wokhazikika - Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Cichlazomas amatha kudya pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa chakudya, koma amalimbikitsidwa kuti azikonda mitundu ya nyama yodyetsa (enchitrea, chisa, crustaceans yamadzi atsopano).
Monga ma cichlids ena, ma cichlazomas amafuna mavalidwe apamwamba azomera. Ndikotheka kugula chakudya chamasamba m'masitolo owerengera nyama kwanuko, kapena mutha kukhazikitsa zida zokulirapo chiomacho komanso chodzikongoletsera pakhomo.
Komanso pa menyu ya ziweto ndikofunikira kuti mupange dzungu, letesi ndi hercules. Popewa kudya zakudya zochulukirapo, kudyetsa ziweto zanu zokha, kuchuluka, kudya chakudya chokwanira kumathandiza kuti nsomba zizikhala ndi nkhawa.
Kuti ziweto zanu zizitha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso kulandira mavitamini ndi michere yonse yofunikira ndi chakudya, chakudya cham'madzi chimayenera kukhala chosiyanasiyana komanso chokwanira. Pogwiritsa ntchito chisanu chouma, chouma, nyama ndi masamba posakaniza kudya.
Ngati mukufuna kugula mitundu yamtundu wapamwamba wa nsomba zam'makomo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugule chakudya kuchokera ku Tetra Corporation. Kwa nthawi yayitali kukhalapo pamsika wazinthu zamadzimadzi, zopangidwa ndi kampaniyi sizikufunika kutsatsa kowonjezera. Ubwino wazosakaniza zamakampani pakampani yaku Germany ndizabwino kwambiri.
Kodi ndizotani pazomwe zili?
Khalidwe la nsomba ndilopusa komanso lodyera. Amathanso kuukira anzawo akukulira kuposa iye ngati angamvekeredwe ndi "gawo lakumadzi." Makhalidwe oyenerana ndi mawonekedwe a oimira ma cichlids, koma amapangidwa makamaka mu ma cichlids.
Chifukwa cha mikhalidwe iyi, simuyenera kuyesa kukhazikitsa ubale pakati pawo ndi okhala mwamtendere kwambiri m'madzimo, pokhapokha mutasankha mitundu yomwe imakhala m'matanthwe apamwamba amadzi.
Cichlazomas sangakhale m'madzi ochepa: amafunika malo, madzi oyera, madzi othandizira komanso osunthika a madzi. Kusamalira sikovuta, koma kumafuna kulondola.
Habitat
Kufalikira monsemu ku Central America, komanso ku mayiko ena. Mwachitsanzo, zilombo zakutchire zimapezeka ku Australia. Imakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana am'madzi, kuchokera kumtsinje wofulumira kupita kunyanja ndi m'madziwe. Imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndizosowa kwambiri kupeza m'madzi otseguka.
Tikukupemphani kuti muwerenge: Zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zizindikiritso za pulmonary edema mu amphaka
Kujambulidwa wachinyamata - mwachangu wa cichlazoma wa milozo yakuda
Pakadutsa milungu pafupifupi itatu, ana amatha kuikidwa m'madzi kuti azikula kwinaku akuwona zomwe zanenedwa pamwambapa ndikuwasamutsa pang'onopang'ono kuzakudya ndi zinthu zina. Palinso njira zina zoberekera ma ntambo akuda. Mwachitsanzo, iyi ndi njira ya iwo amene safuna kupusitsika ndi nsomba zoyambira, koma akuwopa mkwiyo waukali wa nsomba kapena akufuna kubereka ana ambiri kuposa momwe amapangira nsomba wamba. Kuti muchite izi, kugawa kumapangidwa kudutsa malo onse am'madzi, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku plexiglass, yomwe imayikidwa mu wamba wamba, kupatula opanga kuchokera ku nsomba zina. Pankhaniyi, malo omwe amatambalala ayenera kukhala 1/4 - 1/3 a aquarium, kutengera kukula kwa posungira. Zina zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo, kuphatikiza chimango chokhala ndi ukonde wa udzudzu, zomwe zimachotsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu awiri m'zigawo zosiyanasiyana za m'madzimo.
Ma aquarists ena, pazotsatira zabwino, atangomaliza kusamutsa caviar ndi gawo lapansi kupita ku thanki yokhala ndi madzi ochepa a 8-16 cm. Mwanjira imeneyi, malo omwe amadziwika kuti aeration amakhazikitsidwa mu sump, ndipo mlingo wofooka wa methylene buluu umalowetsedwa m'madzi. Poterepa, chisamaliro chonse cha ana chimagwera pamapewa a wamadzi.
Chosangalatsa: Pali mtundu wa albino wamtundu wakuda wa cichlasoma! Sichosiyana ndi mitundu, koma imapezeka chifukwa cha zovuta zamtundu. Albinism imadziwoneka yokha mwa ana amtundu uliwonse wamoyo. "Albino wamizere yakuda" amakhala onse mumtundu wa nsomba komanso m'madzi am'madzi. Zoyenera kusunga ndi kubereka mwanjira iyi ndizofanana ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Komabe, mawonekedwe a albino amakhala ndi chitetezo chofooka kwambiri ndipo amatenga matenda.
Ndipo, pakadali Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum var. Kuphatikiza kwa Flamingo mawonekedwe akhungu lamizere yakuda - "Flamingo".
Zonsezi pamwambapa ndi chipatso chabe cha kuyang'ana nsomba zamtunduwu zam'madzi ndikutola zambiri kuchokera kwa eni ake ndi obereketsa. Tikufuna kugawana ndi alendo osati zambiri, komanso machitidwe amoyo, kukukulolani kuti mulowe mokwanira komanso moonda kulowa m'dziko la aquarium. Lowani https://fanfishka.ru/forum/, tengani nawo pazokambirana pa tsambali, pangani mitu yazithunzi momwe mungalankhulire zokhazokha ndi zofunikira za anzanu, fotokozerani zomwe akuchita, mawonekedwe awo ndi zomwe zili pagululi, gawanani kupambana kwanu ndi zisangalalo zanu, gawanani zomwe mwakumana nazo ndikuphunzira kwa ena. Tili okondweretsedwa ndi gawo lililonse la zomwe mumakumana nazo, sekondi iliyonse ya chisangalalo chanu, kuzindikira kulikonse kwakulakwitsa komwe kumapangitsa kuti abwenzi anu apewe zolakwika zomwezo. Zomwe tili kwambiri, m'malovu owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino ali m'moyo ndi moyo wa gulu lathu la mabiliyoni asanu ndi awiri.
Zoyambira ndi zakunja
Cichlid pinki flamingo ndi mmodzi mwa nthumwi zodabwitsa za mitsinje ndi nyanja za Central America ndi Africa. Kuchititsa chidwi kwamtunduwu ndik kwasinthasintha kwake mwachangu, chifukwa chake nsombayi ikukulira msanga kuchuluka kwake, tsopano itha kuwonedwa m'madzi a Florida ndi Indonesia.
Othandizira mpaka lero mpaka pano sangadziwe zoyambira zenizeni za nsomba, pali malingaliro atatu mawonekedwe amtunduwu. Gulu loyamba la asayansi likusonyeza kuti nthumwi zapinki za dziko lamadzi ndi m'bale wa cichlazoma wakuda. Chiphunzitso chachiwiri chimakankhira am'madzi kuti adziwe kuti iyi ndi njira yobweretsera nsomba yomwe imapezeka kudzera mwa kudutsa mitundu ingapo ya nsomba zamankhwala. Gulu lomaliza la ofufuza limakonda mtundu womwe nsomba zamtundu wa pinki flamingo zimawonekera nthawi yakusintha.
Nsomba zodabwitsa zimasiyana ndi anthu ena okhala pansi pamadzi mu mtundu wosaiwalika. Zina zakunja kwa nsomba za flamingo ndi monga:
- kukula kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu (kuyambira 8 mpaka 15 cm),
- Mitundu yopera, yomwe malinga ndi kuunikako imatha kusintha kuchoka pa pinki kupita pamtundu wa rasipiberi,
- kupezeka kwa gawo lakutsogolo kwamphamvu, gonopodo yacute ndi ma anal tubercles amphongo omwe amawoneka munthawi ya kuswana,
- chovala chamtundu wamkati mwa akazi,
- chonyezimira mbali za nsomba zachikulire.
Oyimira ang'ono awa a ma cichlids amakhala m'madzi amchere ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi magetsi ochepa. Amakonda kuzolowera kumangidwa kumene, chifukwa chake flamingo cichlasoma nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'madziwe amchere, ndipo m'madzi am'madzi amakhala kunyumba.
Ma cichlasomas a pinki amakhala m'madzi amchere ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi magetsi ochepa.
Mitundu: Kusiyana, mawonekedwe, mawonekedwe
Cichlazoma wakuda wokhala ndi miyala imayimiriridwa ndi mitundu ingapo yotchuka. Padziko lonse lapansi iwo ndi osiyana pang'ono. Koma, kusankha nsomba, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mipata yomwe ilipo. Anthu ena amakula, ena amakhala anzeru, pomwe ena amakhala omasuka.
Kusiyana kwamakina a cichlazoma wakuda-wakuda kungapezeke patebulo pansipa:
Cichlazomas ndi mawonekedwe odabwitsa. Izi ndizosavuta kumvetsetsa poyang'ana patebulo. Nthawi zina amakhala amtendere, ngati anthu aku Nicaragua, ngakhale amakhala akulu. Zina, mwachitsanzo, nsomba za utawaleza, zimakhala zaukali ngakhale ndi oyimira akuluakulu a ufumu wamadzi.
Mukamasankha cichloma, samalani ndi mitundu yamtunduwu. Oyamba kumene amakonda kugula nsomba za mtundu wokongola, osasamala za momwe munthu amagwirizanirana ndi nzika zina.
Nkhani yamawonekedwe
Sizingatheke kufufuza mbiri yakuwoneka kwa mitundu yonse ya ma cichlids m'madzi am'madzi. Koma zowona zina zimadziwika kuti ndi ziti zomwe mitundu yatchuka pakati pa asodzi am'madzi pambuyo pake.
Oddlyly, cichlazoma woyamba yemwe analowa mu aquarium ya amateurs anali chanchita cichloma. Ngakhale m'nthawi yathu ino, kukumana ndi iye m'masitolo a ziweto ndikosavuta.
Cichlazoma ya Mekek idadziwika kwambiri ndi asitikali apamadzi aku Europe mu 1933 ndipo idatchuka. Amadziwika kuti nsombazi zidabweretsa ku Russia ndi People's Artist ya USSR komanso wokonda chidwi wa m'madzi Sergey Obraztsov. Cichlazoma wokhala ndi gulu lakuda adadziwika chaka chamawa ndipo pakadali pano ali cichlasoma wotchuka kwambiri.
1977 sitampu ndi chithunzi cha Meek cichlazoma
Mitundu ina yambiri inabwera ku Europe mu 1940, ndi ku Russia koyambirira kwa 60s.
Albinos: Zovuta ndi Makhalidwe ake
Nthawi zambiri cichlazoma wakuda wokhala ndi miyendo imakhala wowoneka bwino. Koma mu ana ena mumakhala maalubino - anthu opanda utoto. Kuphatikiza kuti nsombayi ndi yoyera, ilibe mawonekedwe otalikirana. Osasokoneza iwo ndi mitundu yamaicicids.
White cichlazoma amabadwa mu ana aliwonse - izi ndizosintha mosabadwa. Imapezeka m'chilengedwe komanso m'malo ochita kupanga. Chokhacho chomwe chimasiyanitsa ndi ma alubino ndi kusadziletsa kwawo.
About labidochromis chikasu ndi ma cichlids ena
Nthawi zambiri kuposa nsomba zina, amapeza ichthyophthyroidism. Timalingalira za kusintha kwa kutentha. Ma cichlids wamba amakhala omasuka pa kutentha kwa madigiri a +24. Ma Albinos amawonetsa kuti akhudzidwa ndi zoterezi. Mukatsitsa kutentha mu aquarium mpaka madigiri +22, + nsomba zimafa.