Nsomba hexamitosis ndi matenda aparasi. Mu nyama za aquarium, kuwonongeka kwamatumbo ndi chikhodzodzo kumayambira, ndipo mawonekedwe ake amasintha. Pa thupi ulcerative mawonekedwe amapangidwa, mpaka mawonekedwe mabowo. Chifukwa chake, dzina lina la hexamitosis mu nsomba ndi matenda a "hole".

Makhalidwe a matenda

Fish hexamitosis mu aquarium wamba imayamba pamene ilowa mu chotengera, kenako thupi la nyama flagellate. Matendawa ndi cholengedwa china, chomwe kukula kwake ndi chikwi miliyoni, koma amatha kupatsira ziwalo zamkati.

Matendawa amachulukana mwa magawo, ndipo izi zimachitika ngakhale osagwira ntchito.

Flagellate imachoka m'thupi ndi zonyansa. Zotsatira zake, nsomba zotsalazo zimayambukiridwa. Chifukwa chake, kufalikira kwa hexamitosis mu aquarium wamba kumathamanga.

Onerani kanema wonena za chithandizo cha matendawa.

Chifukwa chiyani tiziromboti timayamba?

Anthu ambiri okonda dziwe lochita kupanga amavomereza kuti matendawa ali m'madzi amawonekera chifukwa chosamalira bwino thankiyo komanso nyama.

Amakhulupirira kuti zinthu zotsatirazi zimatha kukhala zomwe zimayambitsa tiziromboti:

• kugwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa kwabwinobwino kapena wokhala ndi shelufu yatha,
• kudya kosayenera: kudya mopambanitsa kapena kusala kudya pafupipafupi,
• kuchepa chitetezo chokwanira chifukwa chosowa mavitamini komanso michere yofunika.

Ofufuzawo amavomereza ndi amateurs kuti zinthu izi zimathandizira pakukula kwa matendawa. Koma akutsimikiza kuti ndi othandizira, ndipo zifukwa zazikulu zachitukuko ndi izi:

• dothi labwino
• chakudya choyipa
• madzi
• Zamoyo.

Kamodzi mu aquarium, flagellate siinayambike mwachangu. Amadikirira mpaka nyengo yabwino kwambiri kuti ikule bwino. Pambuyo pake, imayamba kuchulukitsa, pakadali pano, nsomba hexamitosis imadziwonetsa yokha ndi zizindikiro zake. Ngati chithandizo cha hexamitosis sichinayambike pa nthawi, nsomba zomwe zimayamwa zimfa.

Zizindikiro za matendawa

Zizindikiro za hexamitosis ya nsomba ndi:

1. Zizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa zimawonetsedwa ndi kusadya komanso kulavulira kunja kwa chakudya, osameza. Ngati simumvera izi osayamba kulandira chithandizo, nsomba imasiya kudya zonse zomwe zingayambitse kufooka ndi kufa kwa nyama. Akatswiri ambiri am'madzi amakhulupirira kuti kusowa kwa chakudya mu nsomba kumawonekera chifukwa cha mtundu wa chakudya chomwe sioyenera. Yesani kuloweza m'malo ndi mtundu wina, kuwononga nthawi yamtengo wapatali.
2. Mutha kumvetsetsa za matendawa potulutsa mtundu woyera. Amawoneka ngati chifukwa chokana epithelium yomwe yakhudzidwa, yomwe imachoka m'thupi la nyama.
3. Matenda a nsomba za aquarium amathandizidwanso ndikuwulutsa kwa zidutswa za zakudya zosakonzedwa.
4. Nyama zoyambukiridwa zimayamba kupewera anthu ena onse okhala m'madzimo, ndikusankha malo obisika.
5. Fish hexamitosis imadziwika ndi kusintha kwa mtundu, kumakhala kwakuda. Chingwe chomwe chimayendera limodzi ndi thupi koma osawoneka bwino pamakhalidwe ake chimawonekera kwambiri. Zimatengera mtundu woyera.
6. Mawonekedwe a nyama amasinthikanso, m'mimba imakhala yopindika, kumaso kumawuma. M'mitundu ina, nyama zam'mimba zimatupa.
7. Thupi la nsomba lophimbidwa ndi zilonda zam'mimba, zimatsogolera pakupanga mabowo omwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi.

Chithandizo cha Hexamitosis

Mofulumira komanso pafupipafupi kuposa ena, ma cichlids amitundu yosiyanasiyana, gourami, ndi oimira ena amwala a labyrinth amakhudzidwa. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi matupi a m'magazi, koma sikuwonetsa zizindikiro za matenda, komabe, ndionyamula.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, chithandizo cha nsomba chimayenera kuyamba. Choyambirira kuchita ndikubzala nyama zomwe zidasintha ndi mtundu. Mu tanki yodziwika, njira zingapo zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa pofuna kupewa matenda omwe atsala.

Onani njira ya mankhwalawa a hexamitosis ndi metronidazole.

Kuperekera kwa chithandizo cha hexamitosis kumaphatikizanso izi:

1. Kuti muchiritse nyama, muyenera kusintha kayendedwe ka kutentha. Kuti izi zitheke, matenthedwe amakwera mpaka madigiri 35, koma pokhapokha ngati nyama zangokhala m'madzi oterowo.
2. Njira ina yochizira nsomba za m'madzi ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a metronidazole. Mankhwalawa amalimbana bwino ndi matendawa, pomwe alibe mphamvu, chifukwa palibe metronidazole pa aquarium microclimate. Itha kuwonjezeredwa ndi madzi popanda kusenda nsomba zopatsirana. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kuti muwonjezere. Onani Mlingo wotsatira: 250 mg metronidazole pa malita 35 amadzimadzi. Onjezani Trichopolum kwa masiku atatu. Onetsetsani kuti mwabweza gawo la kotala la madzi onse panthawiyi. Pambuyo pake, 15% imasinthidwa tsiku lililonse.
3. Mutha kuwona zotsatira zoyambirira za chithandizo ndi Trichopolum mu sabata limodzi. Koma ngati panthawiyi nsomba zitayambiranso kukonda, metronidazole iyenera kuletsedwa. Ndi zotsatira zabwino, njira yonse yothandizira ndi masabata awiri, motero metronidazole imawonjezeredwa kumadzi ngakhale ndi zizindikiro zowonekeratu kuti akuchira.
4. M'masitolo azitsamba, mutha kugula mankhwala omwe adapangidwa kuti azithandiza komanso kupewa ziweto za aquarium. Zisakhudze microclimate ya posungira, pamene ikuthandizira kubwezeretsa thanzi la nsomba.

Njira zopewera

Popewa nsomba zochiritsidwazo kuti zisawakhudzenso ndi flagellate, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa. Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa ndizosasamalidwa bwino kwa tanki ndi nsomba, chifukwa mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa:

• sinthani dongosolo la zachilengedwe mu thanki momwe muliri,
• nthawi ndi nthawi kuwonjezera pazakudya zomwe zili ndi furazolidone. Amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa thanzi la nsomba.
• gwiritsani mitundu yazakudya zosiyanasiyana
• musamadye nyama mopitilira muyeso
• onjezani nsomba za Fishtamin kapena Zogwira ntchito kumadzi,
• yang'anira kuchuluka kwa nitrate mu tank.

Hexamitosis imayambitsa kuwonongeka kosagonjetseka kwa nsomba. Nthawi zambiri, ndizosatheka kuwapulumutsa. Malangizo osavuta a chithandizo chamankhwala komanso kupewa angathandizire kupewa zovuta.

Zizindikiro

Ndi matenda a matenda, hexamitosis makamaka imakhudza chimbudzi. Chakudya chimalephera kumezedwa bwino, nsomba zimasowa michere, mavitamini ndi michere, ndipo kufooka kumayamba.

Matendawa amatsimikiziridwa mosavuta ndi ndowe: kumaliseche kumakhala kowonekera-mucous, yoyera ndi filatera (m'mimba epithelium imasakanizidwa ndi iwo), kapena ngakhale chakudya chosasankhidwa chimatuluka. Zimakulirakulira, kenako chilako. Nsombayo imatha kudya zidutswa, kuyesa kutafuna ndikumulavulira. Mwa njira, izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azinena kuti ndi zovuta kuti adye. Zowonadi zake, machitidwe otere nthawi zambiri amakhala odwala - ndipo ma discus, ndipo nthawi zambiri amasintha, amatchuka kwambiri ndi matendawa - nsomba yamoyo imadya bwino.

Mimba imatha kutupa pang'ono, koma lino si gawo lazokakamiza. Nsomba zambiri, kuzilambalala, zimayamba kuchepa, kunenepa, mimba zawo zimakokedwa. Kusintha kwake kumadetsa, makhalidwe amasintha: nsomba zimayesa kukhala ndekha kwambiri.

Kukwera kwa pakhungu kumayambira - kukokoloka kwa maonekedwe a zilonda zam'mimba zosiyanasiyana, komwe kumayera kadzuwa. Nthawi zambiri, kukokoloka kumawonekera pamutu kapena pambali. Mu ma cichlids, gawo ili limachitika makamaka mwachangu. "Mahavu" pamutu ndi thupi la ma cichlids omwe amawoneka ngati athanzi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda omwe kale sanachiritsidwe, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri, koma osachokeratu. Mu nsomba zomwe zimachiritsidwa mpaka kumapeto, zilonda zimadwala pakapita nthawi.

Makhalidwe a matenda

Hexamitosis imawoneka chifukwa ch kulowetsedwa kwa mapiritsi a unicellular pargeite Hexamita salmonis (Octomitus trutae), kapena m'mimba mwa flagellum. Pansi pa ma microscope titha kuwoneka kuti tiziromboti tili ndi mawonekedwe opindika, kutalika kwake kumafikira 12 micrometer (10 - ³ mamilimita), pamwamba pake pali magawo anayi a flagella. Tizilombo timeneti timachulukana pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale titakhala kuti tikulephera kugwira ntchito timatha kupanga ma cysts mkati mwa matumbo ndi chikhodzodzo. Tizilombo toyambitsa majeremusi timatuluka nsomba limodzi ndi zinthu zonyansa, zomwe zimakhala zowopsa kwa aliyense wokhala m'mudzi wamba wamadzi.

Hexamitosis imawonetsedwa bwino mu nsomba za nsomba, koma sizimakhudza mutu ndi mzere wa khungu. Omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matendawa ndi acichlids aku America ndi ku Africa, gourami, laliuses, ndi labyrinth. Mitundu ina ya nsomba imatha kukhala ndi kachilomboka, koma imangonyamula, ndikuyamba kupweteketsa nthawi zina.

Mitundu ya nsomba ya Viviparous, monga bots, guppies, komanso nthumwi za banja la Carp (koi carps, golide nsomba) imatha kukhala kunyamula matendawa. Kuphatikiza pa mitundu iyi, omwe akhudzidwa ndi majeremusi amatha kukhala neons, macrognatuses, catfish, eels, pimelodusy, mastazembeli. Zotsatira za matendawa nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ngati kukokoloka ndi zilonda m'mutu ndi thunthu.

Amakhulupirira kuti hexamitosis imayambitsa kusowa kwa nsomba kosayenera, zolakwika pakudya (kufa ndi njala, kudya mopambanitsa, chakudya chosayenera kapena kuwonongeka), kusowa kwa mavitamini, komwe kumachepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi. M'malo mwake, izi ndizofanana, koma osati zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Makhalidwe a pathogen amadzilankhulira okha - zinthu zakunja zimangoyipitsa, koma sizoyambitsa.

Hexamita salmonis (Hexamita salmonis) amalowa m'thupi la nsomba limodzi ndi chakudya chovunda, madzi owonongeka, nthaka yoyipitsidwa ndi algae - onyamula zosavuta. The flagellar unicellular parasitates on samaki, ndipo nthawi zina amayamba kuchulukirachulukira, ndichifukwa chake matendawa amadziwonetsa, akufalikira. Gawo lotsiriza lingayambitse imfa ya chiweto cha m'madzi. Tsoka ilo, matendawa amawonekera mochedwa. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, mawonekedwe a hexa ophatikizana a hexa amapezeka pafupifupi nsomba zonse, ndipo mwachangu ndi nsomba zazing'ono zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu.

Onani nyanga yamaluwa yomwe ili ndi matenda a hexamitosis.

Asodzi omwe anali ndi matenda omwe amatchedwa "hexamitosis" samadwalanso. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawo adachita bwino, mankhwala apamwamba kwambiri adagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimaphunzira kupanga ma antibodies. Kuopsa kwa hexes ndikuti tizilomboti tizilomboti timakula mofulumira m'matumbo a nsomba, ndikupanga mapangidwe okhazikika - cysts. Maseze amatuluka ndi zotulutsa, Hexamita flagella mwachangu kulowa nsomba zina ndi madzi, ndikupangitsa mliri mkati mwa aquarium.

Kodi hexamitosis ndi chiyani?

Hexamitosis ilinso ndi mayina angapo - spironucleosis, octomitosis kapena "matenda abowo".

The causative wothandizila ndi majeremusi matumbo flagellate. Ndi chifukwa cha machitidwe ake omwe amawuma ndi poyambira kupanga thupi la nsomba. Zimakhudza nsomba zamitundu yonse ndi Mitundu. Kuposa ena, perch-like (discus), cichlids (astronotus, angelfish), guppies ndi labyrinth nsomba (amuna) amakhudzidwa ndi izi.

Flagellum ndi yaying'ono kangapo kuposa ma ciliates, motero satha kuwoneka ndi maliseche. Ma microscope okha ndi omwe amatha kudziwa. Matendawa amachulukana pang'onopang'ono, ndipo manambala ake amawonjezeka. Ngati majeremusi atagwira ntchito, amapanga ma cysts omwe amateteza chilengedwe. Amapezeka m'matumbo a chiweto chokhala ndi kachilombo, ndipo ndowe zimalowa mu aquarium, ndikuwonetsa ena onse okhala nawo kachilombo. Izi tizinthu tating'onoting'ono timakhala khumi kwambiri. Atatuluka m'thupi, amadziphatika ndi galasi, chomera, dothi kapena zinthu zina zokongoletsa, ndipo amakhalapo mpaka atalowa thupi lina kudzera mu chakudya kapena kudzera m'matumbo.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa

Monga lamulo, ngati mwini wake amasamalira malo ake okhala ndi ziweto zake, amapereka zakudya zoyenera komanso zaukhondo, nsomba sizipanikizika ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayamba kudwala. Ngakhale flagellum ikadzakhala ili kale m'thupi la chiweto, chitetezo cha mthupi sichimalola kuti ichulukane.

Hexamitosis ndi kovuta kudziwa nthawi kuti ayambe kulandira chithandizo mwachangu. Poyamba, matendawa samadziwonetsa.

Nthawi zambiri, majeremusi amalowa m'madzi ndi nsomba zatsopano, chakudya chamoyo, dothi, mbewu kapena zokongoletsa kuchokera ku aquarium ina. Chofunikira kwambiri pakugawika kwake bwino ndi kutentha kwa madzi kosaposa madigiri 33 Celsius.

Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dzenje ndi izi:

1. Madzi akuda. Kupanda kusefedwa ndi kuchizira,

2. Kuperewera kwa zakudya

3. Chakudya chambiri,

4. Kusintha kwakuthwa kwamadyedwe,

6. Chiwerengero chambiri cha nsomba zochepa,

7. Magawo osavomerezeka amadzi.

Mankhwala osokoneza bongo

Pakadali pano pali mndandanda wamankhwala omwe mungathetsere matenda a hexamitosis. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Chithandizo cha hexamitosis ndi metronidazole mu wamba aquarium. Wothandizirana ndi antiprotozoal yemwe samakhudza chilengedwe komanso kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu chidebe chimodzi popanda kuyambitsa zovuta. Mlingo wofunikira wa mankhwalawa ndi 250 mg pa 35 malita. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi patsiku kwa masiku atatu. Pamaso koyamba kumwa, ndikofunikira kusintha gawo la kotala, masiku onse otsatira, kubwezeretsa 15% ndikokwanira. Ngati mungazindikire kuti chisangalalochi chazirala kapena sichinawonekere, chithandizo chiyenera kuyimitsidwa. Nthawi yochepetsetsa yamankhwala ndi sabata. Pofuna kuthana ndi tiziromboti kwathunthu, zimatenga pafupifupi milungu iwiri maphunziro. Pankhani yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osamba ndi mankhwalawa, zimatenga masiku pafupifupi 7, 7,

2. Furazolidone. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi tetracycline kapena kanamycin. Njira yothetsera imakonzedwa pa 50 mg ya furazolidone pa 10 L ya madzi, ndi 1 g ya kanamycin pa 25 l voliyumu kapena 250 mg ya tetracycline pa 50 l ya madzi. Kuphatikizikako kumawonjezeredwa kamodzi patsiku mutachotsa kotala ya madzi. Bwerezani izi mpaka mutazindikira kusintha,

3. Ciprofloxacin ndi kukonzekera kwamadzi. Timakonzekeretsa kapangidwe kake ka 500 mg ya ciprofloxacin pa 50 l ya madzi. Timabweretsa pamodzi ndi ZMF HEXA-ex (mankhwala ochokera ku Tetra, omwe cholinga chake ndi mankhwalawa a hexamitosis, spironucleosis, etc.), malinga ndi malangizo,

4. N`zothekanso kugwiritsa ntchito kanamycin (1 g ya mankhwala pa malita 35 amadzi) ndi FURAN-2. Zophatikiza zimagawika mu zakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma zimayambitsidwa mu aquarium wamba palimodzi,

5. Ofloxacin. Ntchito m'malo ciprofloxacin. 200 mg pa 40 l imagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi furazolidone (60 mg pa 40 l), metronidazole (500 mg pa 40 l) ndi mchere wa iodized (40 g pa 40 l). Mwa zonse zomwe zimapangidwa, kapangidwe kake kanakonzedwa, ndikuthiridwa ndikugonekedwa usiku. Tsiku lotsatira, m'malo mwa madzi 80% mumafunikira, ndipo gawo lokonzekera, koma lopanda mchere. Mankhwalawa amachitika masiku atatu,

6. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa chithandizo cha hexamitosis ndi matenda ofananawo. Izi zikuphatikiza ndimankhwala angapo ochokera ku Tetra, Sera ndi Ihtiovit.

Njira ya chithandizo

Popeza nthawi zambiri hexamitosis imatha kufalikira m'madzi onse, sizikupanga kanthu kubzala nsomba yomwe ili ndi kachilombo. Muyenera kugawa aliyense m'malo mopatula. Palibe chifukwa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ochokera mu thanki wamba kudzaza sedimentator. Kudzakhala kofunikira kukonzekera voliyumu yofunikira pasadakhale. Madzi ayenera kutsatira magawo a mphamvu zonse. Kupanda kutero, kusintha kwa malo kumayambitsa kupsinjika kwa nsomba, zomwe zimangokulitsa matenda.

Njira yabwino yoyambira chithandizo ikukweza kutentha mpaka madigiri 33-35 Celsius. Flagellate samalimbana ndi kutentha kotere.Komabe, si mitundu yonse ya nsomba yomwe imatha kupulumuka nyengo zotere, chifukwa chake, musanatenthe, muyenera kuwerenga za kutentha kwa mtundu uliwonse wamadzi mu aquarium.

Kuphatikiza pa kukweza kutentha, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera a aqua opangidwa makamaka kuti athetse matenda monga hexamitosis kapena mankhwala. Mankhwala aliwonse amaphatikizidwa ndi malangizo omwe ali ndi mulingo woyenera komanso njira ya mankhwalawa. Ponena za mankhwala opangira mankhwala, momwe amagwiritsira ntchito ndi Mlingo akufotokozedwa pamwambapa.

Onani mosamala mankhwalawa ndipo osachulukitsa, ngakhale zikuwoneka kuti chithandizo sichikuthandizani. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mochuluka kumatha kupha nsomba kapena kuwononga ma gill komanso mucous membrane.

Muthanso kuyesa kudyetsa ziweto zanu kukhala ndi mankhwala omwe amathandizira kuchira ndikuchotsa mwayi wokhala ndi zizindikiro zotsalira. Mudzafunika chakudya chouma m'makutu, omwe amakhala opanda mchere m'madzi. Kuti mupeze supuni yazakudya, tengani mapiritsi 0,5 a metronidazole. Kenako mphete zam'mapiritsi ndi piritsi zimakhala pansi mosamala kusakaniza mankhwalawo kuti adye. Kenako, madzi amawonjezeranso pansi kuti anyowetse chakudya. Muyenera kuyimilira panthawi yomwe madzi amawonekera pansi, ndikuleka kumizidwa. Tichotsa chodyetsa chija ku mtsuko ndikusiyira kutupa. Itha kusungidwa mufiriji kwa pafupifupi masiku awiri. Simuyenera kudyetsa mopitilira 1-2 pa tsiku.

Kuphatikiza pa metronidazole, kanamycin (pa 100 mg ya chakudya 1 g ya mankhwalawa), doxycycline (20 mg), levamisole (12 mg) ndi furazolidone (12 mg) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mukamadya zakudya zamankhwala, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa momwe thupi ndi mafuta am'mimba amathandizira. Ngati pali nkhawa, kukana chakudya kapena chakudya sikupakidwa konse, lingaliro liyenera kusiyidwa kwakanthawi. Pakatha sabata, mutha kuyesanso, koma kuchepetsa ndende ndi theka.

KanemaChithandizo cha hexamitosis ndi metronidazole, njira yonse ya chithandizo

Kupewa

Kuti muteteze ziweto zanu ku mavuto azaumoyo, ndikokwanira kutsatira malamulo awa:

1. Mukatha kudyetsa chilichonse, chotsani zotsalira za chakudya ndi zinyalala pansi pogwiritsa ntchito siphon,

2. Zosefera ndi chowongolera ziyenera kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse,

3. Kugawa nsomba zatsopano komanso kupatsira tizilombo matenda, dothi ndi chakudya chokwanira,

4. Kuyang'anira madzi, kumayesa mayeso a nitrate ndi phosphates,

5. Hexamitosis iyenera kuthandizidwa kokha ndi mankhwala a antiprotozoal, popeza antibacterial othandizira sangasokoneze tiziromboti. Kumbukirani kuti ndikosavuta kupewa matenda kuposa kuchiritsa.

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Zambiri zokhudzana ndi matendawa

Awa ndi matenda oyamba omwe amakhudza matumbo a anthu okhala m'malo osungirako ziwalo, komanso chikhodzodzo cha ndulu. Kulongosola ndikosavuta: Zilonda, zilonda ndi ma geno osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana amawonekera pa ziweto. Mwa anthu, matendawa amatchedwa matenda opakidwa mafuta.

Spironucleosis imayamba pamene tiziromboti timene timalowa m'thupi la nsomba. Matendawa amatanthauza fomu yofanana ndi ya unicellular. Oyimira wamkulu kwambiri amayeza pafupifupi ma micromillimeter 12. Flagella adakhalapo pa thupi lake, ndichifukwa chake dzina lake lidapita. Tizilombo timachulukana timagawika, ngakhale tili tulo.

Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti flagellate imatulutsidwa pamodzi ndi zinthu zofunikira za nsomba, ndipo izi zikuwopseza kwambiri anthu osakhudzidwa.

Kodi hexamitosis ndi chiyani

Matendawa amatanthauza matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nsomba zam'madzi ndipo amakhudza chikhodzodzo ndi matumbo. Kunja, ndikosavuta kudziwa zilonda zam'mimba, mabowo ndi masikono osiyanasiyana, ndichifukwa chake matendawa amatchedwanso "dzenje".

Hexamitosis mu aquarium imayamba chifukwa cha kumeza kwa kachilombo kamatumbo ka flagellate, kamene kamakhala ndi mawonekedwe osakanikirana, mkati mwa chamoyo cha nsomba. Kapangidwe ka thupi lake ndi mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi dontho. Mtengo wake wokwanira ndi pafupifupi 12 mm mm. Kuphatikiza apo, thupi lake lili ndi awiriawiri a flagella, ndichifukwa chake, adadziwikanso ndi dzina lake. Kuberekanso kwa tiziromboti kumachitika kudzera m'magawo. Ndizoyenera makamaka kuti kubereka kwake kumatha kuchitika ngakhale osagwira ntchito.

Chithandizo powonjezera kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium

Njira yosavuta kwambiri, komanso yothandiza ngati muli ndi mwayi ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya omwe atenga kachilombo. Mabakiteriya ambiri am'mimba omwe amayambitsa hexamitosis samalola kutentha kwambiri. Zitha kuwonongeka ndikuwonjezera kutentha kwa madzi mpaka madigiri 34. Kuchulukitsa kwa kutentha kuyenera kukhala kosalala - osaposa digiri 3-4 patsiku. Nthawi yomweyo, onetsetsani kuti ziweto zanu zimakhala ndi okosijeni wokwanira, onjezerani zachilengedwe zam'madzi. Zomera panthawiyi ndizabwinobwino kuchotsa dziwe lamkati - sakonda madzi ofunda.

Tsoka ilo, pofuna kuthana ndi ma cichlids a ku Africa, njira iyi singagwiritsidwe ntchito.

Mankhwala

Muzovuta zovuta komanso zapamwamba, mankhwala amafunikira. Mankhwala a bactericidal sangakhale obweretsa zotsatira, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki. Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda am'madzi mu nsomba za aquarium, mankhwala a antironidazole amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ndizotetezedwa kwa bio-bwino - sizivulaza mbewu ndi zosefera za bio. Kotero mutha, popanda kuyikira dongosolo lonse lamadzi, onjezerani mankhwala ku chidebe chachikulu.

Metronidazole imasungunuka mu gawo la 250 mg. pa malita 34-35 amadzi. Masiku atatu oyamba, metronidazole imayendetsedwa tsiku lililonse, pomwe kotala ya madzi imalowedwa m'malo. Kenako - tsiku lililonse lachiwiri, pomwe kuchuluka kwa madzi osinthidwa kumatsitsidwa.

Mankhwalawa ndi metronidazole, yang'anirani momwe nsomba zimakhalira - pakuwoneka pang'ono kwa kuwonongeka, njirayi iyenera kuyimitsidwa. Ngakhale kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono pakulakalaka ndi chizindikiro kuti mwa inu, metronidazole satha.

Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zabwino zimawoneka kale sabata yoyamba yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a metronidazole, ngakhale zitakhala kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri, simuyenera kusiya kuchita njirayi. Kuti muchotseretu majeremusi, osachepera masiku khumi akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a metronidazole amafunikira. Kufupika kochepa kwambiri komwe kumayambiriro kwa mankhwalawa kumatha kukulitsa kukana kwa matenda, komwe kumakhala kudwala.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mankhwala a metronidazole mu aquarium kumaphatikizidwa bwino bwino komanso kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha, njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri kwa nsomba za labyrinth ndi ma cichlids aku South America.

Woopsa, kwa wamphamvu, nsomba zachikulire, makamaka ma cichlids, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kumatha kuchuluka: 250 mg. (Piritsi) ndi malita 15. Kuchuluka kwa madzi osinthidwa kumawirikiza kawiri.

Metronidazole ikhoza kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi mankhwala ena. Mwachitsanzo, kuphatikiza pamodzi ndi chiprofloxacin kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya mankhwala opha antioxidin amayamba ndi mapiritsi awiri pa malita 50-55 a madzi, ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi metronidazole. Mlingo wathunthu umagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku atatu. Kupitilira apo, ndendeyo imachepera theka.

Chithandizo chachiwiri

Poyerekeza ndi maziko a hexamitosis, omwe amachepetsa kwambiri thupi la ziweto zamadzimadzi, zachiwiri, matenda opatsirana mwadzidzidzi amatha. Pano kwa iwo kukonzekera kwa bactericidal ndikothandiza, komwe kuli ambiri pakati pa mankhwala "asodzi" apadera.

Kuthandiza matenda oyamba omwe amachitika motsutsana ndi mphamvu ya tiziromboti, Bactopur imagwiritsidwa ntchito (monga bactericidal agent). Monga chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda abowo, sichothandiza.

Antipar, yomwe, malinga ndi omwe amabwera kumene ku aquarium, omwe ndi mankhwala padziko lonse lapansi, ndiwothandiza pachabe. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zinthu zomwe zimapanga antipar mankhwalawa zimathandizidwa ndi majeremusi akunja. Sizigwira ntchito yolimbana ndi majeremusi amkati. Koma chithandizo cha matenda oyambitsidwa ndi nsomba omwe afowoka ndi matendawa nchotheka nchotheka nawo, munthawi imeneyi antipar imabwera.

Thandizo la Mankhwala Othandizira Kugulitsanso

Mu oyang'anira ndende, akasinja osiyana ndi malo osungira komwe nsomba zimasungidwa, njira zomwezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati momwe zimakhalira mu aquarium. Koma kuphatikiza pa mankhwalawa kumaperekedwa kwa nsomba ndi chakudya. Ngati chisangalalo cha ziweto zanu sichitha, ndiye kuti izi zithandizira njira zake.

Chakudyacho chimanyowa mu njira yothetsera mankhwalawa (mankhwalawa ndi ofanana ndi a aquarium) kwa theka la ola.

Zotheka ndi mankhwala

Mankhwala ambiri amatha kuyambitsa toxicosis. Zizindikiro:

• kusowa kwa chakudya
• kuchuluka kwa ntchofu,
• mayendedwe odabwitsa, opondaponda,
• kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka kupuma (kofulumira kapena kovuta).

Ngati mukuwona izi, mulingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa, kusintha kwa madzi kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa, ndipo chithandizo chikuyenera kupitilizidwa ndi magawo ochepa a mankhwalawo.

Njira zochizira komanso kupewa

Ngati mukufuna kuthandiza odwala omwe akudwala mu malo ena am'madzi, ndiye kuti anthu ena onse amadzimo, makamaka pankhani ya ma cichlids, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochizira komanso kupewa. Izi zikutanthauza kukhazikitsa theka Mlingo wa mankhwala patsiku.

Pakubwezera nsomba zomwe zapulumutsidwa ku thanki yayikulu, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayenera kupitilizidwa kwa sabata lina kapena masiku khumi.

Kwa nsomba, yofowoka kwambiri ndikukhudzidwa panthawi yodwala, ngakhale mutachira, pakatha milungu ingapo, ndikofunikira kubwereza maphunzirowa. Osachepera mawonekedwe a kuperekera chakudya ndi mankhwala.

Hexamitosis yopanda ubweya idzadziwonekeranso

Mutha kuchita mantha ndi chithandizo chotere komanso chovutirapo, kuchuluka kwa machitidwe ndi mankhwala amphamvu omwe mungafunike kutsatira. Koma matenda obowoka m'maenje sikhala pomwe muyenera kusankha pakati pamavuto chifukwa cha matendawa ndi zotsatira zake ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Kuchokera ku matendawa, nsomba zimafa, zimafa zowawa, ndikupatsira ena nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati nsombayo singalandiridwe bwino, matendawa amatha kuzimiririka, "kugona tulo" kwakanthawi. Koma ngakhale mu mawonekedwe "ogona" komanso m'malo abwino kwambiri am'madzi, izi zimayambitsa zoweta zanu, ndipo zimakhala zopatsirana. Choyipa chilichonse: kusintha kwa chakudya, kusayenda pang'ono kwa madzi, kutsika kwa kutentha - ndipo kutuluka kwatsopano kutsatira, momwe kumakhala kovuta kupulumutsa nsomba.

Hexamitosis ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, momwe mumatha kuvulazidwa kuchokera ku mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kulandira chithandizo kwa nthawi yayitali, sikuwoneka ngati akuwopsa ngati mliri watsopano, wokulirapo komanso kuphedwa kwa ziweto zanu.

Ndani amawonetsedwa nthawi zambiri

Hexamitosis imadziwonetsera yokha, monga lamulo, nthawi zambiri m'madzi a nsomba. Panthawi imeneyi, zotupa zimapezeka kumbali komanso pamutu wa pet.

Mitundu ina imatha kunyamula matenda.

Matendawa amabweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu kwa omwe akuimira aquarium:

Mitundu ina ya nsomba imangoyambitsidwa ndi njira zowononga. Izi zisanachitike, amangonyamula katundu wokha. Matenda awo amatha kuukira pokhapokha ngati zofunikira pazakukula kwake zapangidwa mu aquarium.

Onyamula matendawa ndi awa: banja la cyprinids (rudd, siliva carp, bream, woyera-eyed, roach, roach, barbel ndi ena), bots ya banja loach, guppies. Ochepera angakopedwe ndi flagellates ku catfish, eels, neons, pimelodus ndi macronagnatus. Matenda awo amatsimikizidwanso ndi maonekedwe a zilonda pakhungu kapena pamutu.

Chithandizo cha wamba aquarium

Mu nsomba mu wamba wamba, hexamitosis amathandizidwa m'njira zingapo. Zimatsimikiziridwa kuti matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala limodzi ndi kachilombo ka virus. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito metronidazole kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino.

Mankhwalawa ndi othandizika, kuphatikiza apo, zinthu zomwe zimalowamo sizikuvulaza OS, kotero ma aquarists nthawi zambiri amakonda. Zimagwira ntchito yokhala kwaokha ndi aquarium yonse. Mulingo waukulu wa mankhwalawa ndi 125 mg pa 17 malita a madzi. Chithandizo chimachitika kwa masiku atatu, pomwe pakufunika kusintha tsiku lililonse ¼ la madzi osungira. Malo osambira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati prophylaxis kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri.

Poyamba, ziweto zodwala zimasungidwa, ndiye kuti, zimakhazikitsidwa, pokhapokha matendawa atha kuphimba malo onse okhala pansi pamadzi. Madzi akuyenera kukhala pazofunikira kwambiri, zomwe mtengo wa + 35 ° C ungakhale wabwino. Kudumpha kutentha kumatha kupha majeremusi ambiri. Komabe, muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti si nsomba zonse zomwe zimatha kupirira kutentha kumeneku. Mwachitsanzo, ma cichlids samathandizidwa motere.

Kuphatikiza pa metronidazole, mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, kusankha kosiyanasiyana komwe kumawonetsedwa mu malo ogulitsa nyama. Koma musanagwiritse ntchito, ndibwino kufunsa wogulitsa wodziwa. Mankhwala odziwika kwambiri: Ichthyovit Kormaktiv, tetra medica hexaex ndi zmf hexa-ex. Zotsatira zabwino zimatheka popanga chithandizo chovuta kwambiri. Musazichitira chiweto mankhwala amodzi. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodziwika bwino limodzi ndi malo ogulitsa mankhwala.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mankhwalawa.

Mwachitsanzo, Furazolidone 50 mg imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa malita 15 molumikizana ndi Kanamycin (1 g pa 35 malita). Potere, kotala lamadzi mu aquarium liyenera kusinthidwa tsiku lililonse. Ciprofloxacin imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa 500 mg pa malita 50 amadzi molumikizana ndi ZMF HEXA-ex.

Ena nsomba pambuyo mankhwala akudwala toxicosis. Pankhaniyi, theka la mankhwala oyenera ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.