Kwa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, mitundu yambiri yosangalatsa ya nkhumba zoweta yabweretsedwa ku Russia. Takhala tikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale poti nkhumba sizongokhala utoto wapinki, komanso zakuda, zokhomedwa komanso zokuluka. Koma kuno ku nkhumba zaku Hungary mangalitsy ngakhale motsutsana ndi maziko awa adakwanitsa kuyima kunja ndi kunja kwachilendo kwambiri. Ndipo mtundu uwu ndiwokondweretsa kwambiri chifukwa ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ndalama zolipirira zinthu zikuyenda bwanji komanso mtengo wa zinthu zomwe zapezeka.

Chiyambidwe cha kubereka kwa nyama yankhumba

Mbiri ya kubereka kwachilendo kumeneku kuyambira mu 1830 ku Hungary, yomwe panthawiyo inali mbali ya Ufumu wa Austria. M'modzi mwa anthu olemekezeka, a Duke Joseph, adaganiza zodutsa nkhumba zoweta zomwe zimakhala ku Carpathians. Pa kulamula kwake, obereketsa anakwaniritsa lingaliro ili, kutenga nkhumba za Sumadia za mtundu wa Mediterranean ngati maziko.

Ntchito yayikulu yomwe mkuluyo amafuna kuti achite inali kupanga mtundu wa nkhumba zoweta zomwe zimasinthidwa ndi nyengo yovuta ya zigwa za Carpathian momwe zingathere. Ngakhale mabizinesi akuchulukirachulukira, kuyesayaku kudali kopambana modabwitsa: obereketsa anakwaniritsa zomwe akufuna munthawi yochepa.

Komabe, zotulukapo zake zinali zosayembekezeka: nkhumba zomwe zidawolokedwa zinali zowoloka bwino. Zolinga zina zonse zakwaniritsidwa. Nkhumba zatsopanozo zinali ndi chitetezo chokwanira pafupifupi matenda onse omwe nkhumba wamba zimadwala. Amaloleranso mosavuta nyengo zilizonse, kupatula chaka chonse amatha kukhala mumsewu popanda kufunikira nkhumba yodzaza. Pankhani yazakudya, mtundu watsopanowo unalibe mavuto, chifukwa nkhumba zimatha kuyendetsa bwino malo odyetsa ziweto zokha.

Amitundu, otchedwa nkhumba mangalitsa, adatchuka mwachangu ku zigawo za Hungary za Ufumu wa Austrian, komanso kumayiko a Chiyukireniya Transcarpathia. Makamaka adayamba kusamba ku nyumba za amonke ndi matchalitchi. Ubwino wa mtunduwu udali wowonekera kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wake ndiwofunika kwambiri kotero kuti mu 1833 lamulo lidaperekedwanso loletsa kuphatikizidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mitundu ina.

Posakhalitsa kutchuka kwa mtundu watsopano kudayamba kale kuchuluka mu ufumu wonsewo, ndipo nyama ndi mafuta anyama a nkhumba zaku Hungary zidayamba kutchuka kwambiri ku Europe pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Alimi aku Hungary amadyetsa nkhumba ngati nkhosa - gulu lodabwitsa, lomwe linali losavuta pamaso pa malo odyetserako ziweto zamapiri akuluakulu. Izi zimabweretsa ndalama zochuluka kwa alimi mpaka zaka za zana la 20, pamene nkhalango za Carpathian zidayamba kudulidwa mwachangu.

Nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse itatha, mtunduwo unali utatsala pang'ono kutha. Akuluakulu achikominisi a ku Hungary ndi Ukraine sanawone zabwino za mtunduwu, chifukwa chake kuchuluka konse kwa nkhumba zodyera kunayikidwa pansi pa mpeni. Podzafika mu 1970, chiwerengero chawo sichinapitirire mazana awiri.

Mwamwayi, anthu aku Hungary adadzazidwa mu nthawi komanso kale mu 1980s, pulogalamu yobwezeretsa mtunduwu idayamba kugwira ntchito. Pambuyo pake, mu 1994, boma la Hungary lidakhazikitsa bungwe la National Mangalica Pig Breeders Association.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la XXI, abusa aku Austrian, Britain ndi America adalumikizana kubwezeretsa matendawa, ndipo patapita nthawi pang'ono nkhumba izi zidatumizidwa ndi alimi aku Chiyukireniya pamlingo wocheperako.

Nkhumba za Barbecue - kufotokoza

Choyambirira chomwe chimakopa chidwi pakuwoneka kwa nkhumba izi ndi malaya awo atali. Kuphatikiza apo, ubweya ndiwosangalatsa kukhudza ndi ma curls kukhala mphete zomwezo. Chophimba chomwe chimatulukira chimafanana kwambiri ndi chikopa cha nkhosa. Ku England, mawu oti "nkhumba", kutanthauza "nkhumba ya nkhosa" amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamtunduwu. Alimi a nkhumba aku Hungary amakonda kutcha mayadi awo "nkhumba zokhota." Ku Russia, mawu akuti "Hungary downy mangalitsky pig" amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Chovala chachikulu komanso chowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi tsitsi la mangalits nthawi yozizira, pamene muyenera kudziteteza ku chisanu. Mu nthawi yophukira, chivundikirocho chimapindika nkusanduka chiputu chofewa, ndipo kumbuyo kwa nkhumba mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera, ndikupereka ubale wawo ndi nkhumba zakuthengo. Ngati mungasunge nkhumba za mtunduwu nthawi zonse mokhala otentha ndikuwapatsa chakudya chochuluka, tsitsi lomwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wamtchire limatsala pang'ono kutheratu, ndipo amakhala ngati nkhumba wamba.

Mwambiri, opanga ma brazi ali ndi lamulo lolimba komanso mafupa olimba. Kunja kwa nkhumba zachikulire, pamimba lalikulu limawoneka bwino mpaka caricature, likuwoneka loyipa kumbali yakumiyendo yazifupi. Nkhumba yomwe ili pansi imakhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu, chopyapyala kapena chopindika kumbuyo. Mutu ndi wa kutalika kwapakatikati, kufinya kumapindika, makutu ndi akulu kwambiri komanso amatsogola kutsogolo.

Pakadali pano, mitundu inayi ya mangalits imasiyanitsidwa: yakuda, kumeza, ofiira ndi oyera. Mtundu womaliza ndiwofala kwambiri, chifukwa pafupifupi 80% ya mtunduwo. Mtundu wofiyira wofiyira udapangidwa kuchokera pakubera kwazungu yoyera ya nkhumba ndi mtundu wa Szalontai, imakhala ndi zokolola zapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya mitundu. Mtundu wamtundu wotchedwa Swallow udawindidwa podutsa ndi mtundu wa Sirius. Kuphatikiza pa utoto wachilendo, nkhumba zamtunduwu zimadziwikanso ndi gulu lalikulu.

Mbiri yakale

Amakhulupirira kuti nyama zodyera zamtchire ndi mtundu wa nkhumba zomwe zidabadwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 ku Hungary podutsa chikhalidwe cha ku Hungary bakoni chokhala ndi a ku Serbia samadia ndi nkhumba zazikazi.

Kuchuluka kwa kutchuka kwake kunabwera zaka za pambuyo pa nkhondo, pomwe kufunika kwa salami ndi nyama yankhumba kunachuluka ku Europe.

Komabe, chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, zakudya zomwe zokhala ndi mafuta ambiri a nyama zidapezeka kuti zili zovulaza, kuchuluka kwa ma barbecue m'maiko ambiri a Old World kudachepetsedwa kwambiri, ndipo nkhumba izi zidatsala pang'ono kutha.

Izi zidapulumutsidwa ndi kampani ya Hamones Segovia, yomwe idatsata azimayi 90 amtunduwu kuti aberekane. Anakwanitsa kuchita bwino kwambiri pakukonzanso nyama zamakoko.

Makamaka, lero Hamones Segovia ndi kampani yokhayo yomwe ili ndi mitundu yonse itatu ya nkhumba zotere ndipo ili ndi gulu lalikulu la nyama izi.

Mangalitsa ndi gawo la pulogalamu yoteteza zimbudzi za ku India ndipo ndi lodzikuza kwa boma.

Chaka chilichonse mu February ku Budapest, Phwando la Mangalitsa limachitika, komwe opanga soseji amapikisano, mpikisano wamadzimadzi umachitika, mapulogalamu osangalatsa komanso kulawa kwa zakudya zamayiko kumachitika.

Habitat

Ku Russia, mtundu wa nkhumba zodyera nkhumba nthawi yomweyo udabwera. Poyamba, adawetedwa kudera la Moscow ndi North Caucasus. Tsopano mtundu uwu wayamba kutchuka kwambiri m'dziko lathu.

Ponena za maiko akunja, afalikira ku Spain, England, Hungary ndi Ukraine.

Kufotokozera kwamasamba

Chidule:

• Thupi limakhala lalifupi, lalikulu, lamphamvu.
• Msana wamphamvu.
• Tizilomboti tili tating'ono, tatifupi, makutu timakhala tating'onoting'ono, titapachika pamaso, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi, ngati thupi lonse.
• Miyendo ndi yolimba, yolimba, yokhala ndi minofu yolimba, komanso yokutidwa ndi tsitsi.
• Mimba ndi yayikulu, yopindika.
• Kumbuyo ndikothekanso, chifuwa ndichachikulu.
• Mchirawo ndi wautali kutalika, wokutidwa ndi ubweya.
• Nipples ndi ziboda zakuda.
• Khosi ndilotakata, cylindrical komanso lalifupi.
• Kukula kufota pafupifupi 50 cm.
• Mimba ndi yolimba, osati yoyenda.
• Mchiuno mulifupi.
• Mtundu wa tsitsi ukhoza kukhala wofiira, woyera kapena wosakanikirana. Pali malo amchere amchere. Komabe, pali oimira ochepa kwambiri amtunduwu, titha kunena kuti atsala pang'ono kuwonongedwa.
• Mtundu wa nyama izi ndi wodekha komanso wochezeka, koma ndiwotakataka, pofunafuna chakudya amatha kuyendayenda kwa nthawi yayitali pabusa ndi malo oyenda. Amakonda kukonza mumsewu, mumkaka wa nkhumba sikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutseke nthawi yayitali.

Chifukwa cha tsitsi lochulukirapo, nyamazi siziopa kuzizira kapena kulumidwa ndi tizilombo touluka tomwe timayamwa magazi. Pamodzi ndi thupi, tsitsi limakulungika, ndipo kumbuyo limayimirira.

Chovala choterocho cha ubweya chimakula pakati pa anthu pofika nthawi yophukira, ndipo kasupe nkhumba zimayamba kusungunuka, ndipo tsitsi lakelo limakhala laling'ono.

Chifukwa cha chovala chofunda chotere cha ubweya, nyama zimatha kukhala bwino panthawi yozizira, zimangofunika zofunda kuchokera ku udzu kapena udzu kuti zisagone mu chisanu.

Ngakhale nyama zazing'ono zimakondwera bwino nthawi yozizira. Amakhalanso ndi moyo wotere kuchokera kwa achibale olusa.

Mutha kugula nkhumba yazakudya pamtengo wa rubles 12000-20000.

Ndemanga

Malinga ndi alimi, zabwino za mtunduwu zimaphatikizapo:

• nyama ya nkhumba zotere ndi yowutsa mudyo komanso yaying'ono yamafuta.
• anthu amtunduwu amasamalira bwino msipu Nyengo yachilimwe, komanso nthawi yozizira imatha kugaya chakudya chilichonse, chifukwa chake mtengo wa chakudya chama barbecue ndi wotsika,
• oyimira mtundu uwu ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri mthupiTinatengera kwa makolo athu akale, choncho timalolera kusintha kwa nyengo ndipo sikukudwala,
• Kukula kwachichepere ndizachidziwikirechifukwa chake, atakula msanga, nkhumba zimatha kubereka.
• Chifukwa chokana kwambiri chisanu, nyamazo zitha kuwerengeka kumpoto.
• ngakhale kudyetsa kwamtunduwu, anthu amatha kulemera thupi (makamaka minofu).

Zovuta zomwe zikuwonekera za mtunduwu ndi monga:

• kuchuluka kwa nkhumba zodyera ndizochepa, chifukwa chake amatha kutchedwa mtundu wachilendo,
• chifukwa cha owerengeka ogulitsa zakudya, mtengo wawo ndiwokwera kwambiri kuposa nkhumba za mitundu ina yamalo amalo,
• Akazi achikazi amabweretsa nkhumba zochepa kuposa mitundu ina ya nkhumba.

Kuphatikiza nyama

Wopatsa nyama nyama 70-80%. Ichi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina ya nyama.

Mangalica, womwe ndi mtundu wamafuta amtundu wa nkhumba, umadziwika padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha mafuta omwe alibe mafuta a cholesterol, ndi nyama ya marble yokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamafuta.

Pakakhala miyezi isanu ndi itatu, nkhumba zimapeza mafuta olimba - mpaka masentimita 5. Pofika mwezi wa 10, makulidwe amtunduwu amatha kale 10 cm.

Chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa magazi a nkhumba zakutchire, fecundity ya mangalits ya ku Hungary siili kwambiri. M'mimba yoyamba, nkhumba sizimatsogolera nkhumba zisanu, komabe kuchuluka kwa ana mu mzere umodzi kumawonjezeka mpaka 8-10.

Jamon wosuta amapezeka kuchokera ku nyama ya Mangalitsa ya ku Hungary. Ma braziers ali ndi mawonekedwe pamtundu wamtundu: samapanga mwachangu osati mafuta, koma minofu ya minofu, chifukwa cha izi ali ndi mafuta pang'ono.

Pankhaniyi, amatchulidwa mtundu wa nyama monga mtundu wabwino pakati pa herbivores.

Kuswana

Monga Mangalits, Mangals ndi mtundu wa nkhumba zomwe zimayamba msanga: akafika zaka 5-7, wamkazi amatha kutenga pakati.

Komabe, eni ake amtunduwu amalimbikitsa kukhwima osati kale kuposa momwe mayi woyembekezerayo akufika kulemera kwa 100 makilogalamu - izi zimafunikira kuti mwana akhale ndi mwayi wokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira.

MaBrazier ndiwachonde kuposa makolo awo aku Hungary amtundu wamafuta. Chifukwa chake, ngati Mangalitsa angangobweretsa ma piglets a 5-6 okha mu litala limodzi, ndiye kuti ma Mangals mawonekedwe a makanda 12-16, kuyambira lachiwiri kupitilira apo, amatengedwa ngati ndiwozonse.

Pakutalika kwambiri, nkhumba zazikazi za Mangal (malinga ndi eni ake) zimatha kudzisamalira zokha mwa ana motetezeka: zimapanga chisa mumsela ndikuchita mosamala, ngakhale zimalemera kwambiri.

Mapira a Mangalitsa, Mangal ndi Wild boar akadali aang'ono kwambiri ndi ofanana: mawonekedwe awo wamba ndi owala kapena mikwingwirima yakuda motsutsana ndi maziko osiyanasiyana.

Pazaka 1 zakubadwa, nkhumba za nkhumba zakutchire zimakulitsidwa kutalika, Mangalits amazunguliridwa, yokutidwa ndi tsitsi lopotapota, Mangala okhala ndi thupi lofanana ndi Mangalitsa, osunga muzzle komanso kutalika kwa tsitsi, ngati tsitsi.

Ana a nkhumba amalimbikitsidwa kuti aletsedwe kuyamwa atakwanitsa mwezi umodzi. Pofika nthawi ino, a Malawi ang'ono ndi Mangalits ayamba kulimba, ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chokwanira, amatha kugaya zakudya zolimba ndipo ali okonzeka kudya msipu.

Malamulo:

• The pigsty amapangidwa mopingasa momwe angathere. Mkati, ngakhale nyengo yozizira, iyenera kukhala pamwamba pa 0. Payenera kukhala ndi mawindo angapo, kuyatsa kwanyumba, zojambula, mmalo mwake, zimapewedwa.
• Kuyenda ndi nthawi yofunikira kwambiri pakusunga ma Mangals. Sawagwira popanda kuyenda; samangokhala kuti amangidwa. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupereka corral yotakata, mthunzi wochokera ku dzuwa, malo ake ophika ndi chakudya ndi madzi.
• Kuyeretsa kumachitika nthawi zonse, mtunduwu sukhala m'matope.
• Mukamasunga nkhumba zaulere, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira kusowa kwa poyizoni wazomera.
• Cholembera cha nkhumba ziyenera kukhomedwa kuti ziziteteza kwa adani.

Zosakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakubereka, mtundu wa nkhumba mangalitsa umapindulitsa ena - kuphweka kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika wa zomwe ali.

Chifukwa cha majini omwe amapezeka ku nkhumba zakutchire za Carpathian, nkhumba zaku Hungary zimatha kukhala m'malo osakonzekera bwino ndikudya msipu.

Kuyambira pomwe mtunduwu udabadwa mpaka pakati pa zaka zana zapitazi, alimi aku Hungary ankaweta nkhumba mosadukiza pabusa wamapiri.

M'nyengo yozizira kokha amathamangitsidwa m'misasa yopangidwa mwachangu, kupereka chitetezo chochepa kwambiri kuzizira. Ndipo m'malo oterewa, mtunduwu udachita bwino kwambiri, ngakhale udakhala woperewera.

Masiku ano, alimi ena a nkhumba amakhalanso ndi njira zachikhalidwe zopangira nkhumba zonyenyetsa zakudya, momwe nyama zimayendetsedwa kumalo abwinoko nthawi yachilimwe ndikubwerera kumakumba nthawi yachisanu.

Zowona, ndizodziwikiratu kuti njirayi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pomwe pali malo opanda ufulu wokhala ndi ma foro olemera.

Koma ndi zomwe amayenda mosadukiza, phindu lochulukirapo limapezeka, ndipo nkhumba zimapereka zochuluka pazomwe zimatha malinga ndi kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangidwa ndi nyama.

Chifukwa choti si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugula, alimi ena amasunga m'nyumba modyeramo nyumbamo.

Tsoka ilo, pansi pamikhalidwe yotere, zopindulitsa zazikulu za nkhumba za ku Hungary pansi zimasinthidwa. Kuti mukhale ndi nyama yabwino pamlingo woyenera, muyenera kusankha zakudya mosamala, zomwe zimachepetsa phindu la kupanga.

Kuphatikiza apo, kusayenda kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nkhumba, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta otsika mtengo komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama yamtengo wapatali pakupanga zophera.

Posankha njira yachikhalidwe yosungira nkhumba poyera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nkhumba zimatetezedwa ku chisanu podzibisalira mu udzu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachisanu yozizira, payenera kukhala mulu waukulu wa udzu kapena udzu.

Kudyetsa

Pankhani yodyetsa, nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal ndizopindulitsa kwambiri. Mokulira, ndi mtundu wowetera, ndichifukwa chake ndikokwanira kuti msipu ukule ndikukula. Koma, zowona, zokolola kwambiri zimatha kupezeka kokha ndi kuwonjezera kwa chakudya, zosakaniza, ma proxes ku msipu.

Chifukwa chake, chakudya chokwanira chokwanira cha nkhumba yachikulire Mangal iyenera kukhala:

• msipu (zitsamba),
• Nthambi za mitengo ndi zitsamba (makamaka zikulimbikitsidwa nthawi yozizira, pakalibe udzu),
• Chipatso chakugwa (koma chosawonongeka),
• tirigu wosweka
• mankhwalawa, choko, dongo, chakudya chamfupa.

Tsopano pang'onopang'ono za mawonekedwe a kudyetsa ma Braziers:

1. Mangalov amadyetsedwa katatu patsiku.
2. Masiku 25-30 asanaphedwe, nyamayo iyenera kusamutsidwa kukadyetsa tirigu.300 g ya chimanga chabwino chimaperekedwa kwa aliyense patsiku, izi zimapangitsa kuti nyama ikhale yabwino kwambiri. Inde, kuwonjezera pa izi, muyenera kupitiliza kuperekera zosakaniza, zipatso, koma zazing'ono.
3. Ndikofunika kudyetsa nkhumba ndi wokamba mawu kuyambira masiku 3-5 amoyo, ngati wamkazi alibe mkaka wokwanira nkhumba zonse. Amapangidwa kuchokera ku mbewu za barele wokazinga.
4. Madzi ayenera kupezeka m'malo opanda malire, makamaka ma piglets. Madzi oyera okha ndi omwe amaperekedwa, chifukwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kukhala uve.
5. Kuyambira pafupi sabata zitatu zakubadwa, nkhumba zimasinthira kudyetsa akuluakulu.

Matenda ndi chithandizo chawo

Tizilombo ta mtundu wosiyanasiyana tili ndi chidwi chodziteteza, komabe, sizingatheke pokana matenda osiyanasiyana popanda thandizo.

Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuperekera katemera munthawi yochepa kuchokera ku matenda monga:

Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kutsuka anthelmintic thupi la nkhumba munthawi ndikuwadyetsa mankhwala oyenera.

Chiyembekezo cha kuswana ku Russia

Nkhumba pansi ku Hungary ndizopereka ziphuphu chifukwa chakuti, malinga ndi zina zomwe zimamangidwa, zimapereka mtengo wotsika kwambiri.

Chifukwa chake, nkwabwino kwambiri kuwabzala komwe kuli malo opandaulere okwanira mabusa.

Popeza kuchuluka kwa anthu ochepa m'madera ambiri a dziko lathu komanso kupezeka kwa malo ambiri osagwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyembekezo za mtunduwu ku Russia ndizabwino kwambiri.

Choyamba, mtunduwu udzakhala wosangalatsa kwa obereketsa nkhumba, ndiye kuti, wamba wamba okhala m'mudzi. Pakupanga malo ang'onoang'ono omwe sanalipidweko, koma osangokhala malo a munthu, ndizotheka kuweta zoweta za ma beazi popanda kuwononga ndalama zilizonse.

Koma alimi ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti nkhumba zawo zidya pamalo omwe agulidwa kapena atakongoletsedwa moyenera.

Mwamwayi, m'madera ambiri a Russia malo ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa chake sipakhala mitengo yayikulu. Popeza mahekitala amtundu umodzi amatha kudya msuzi wa nkhumba imodzi ndi theka mpaka awiri, phindu lake likuwonekeratu.

Koma kuzinyama zazikuluzikulu zoberekera nkhumba masiku ano, zosunga nkhumba sizoyenera. M'malo otsekedwa, malo ogulitsa zakudya sangathe kupikisana ndi nkhumba za mitundu ina chifukwa cha phindu ndi phindu.

Kufotokozera

Kodi magazi a kholo lakumadzulo olipidwa adalipira chiyani?

1. Nkhope. Kunja, wonyezimira amakhala ngati nkhumba.
2. Choweta chomwe chimathandizira kanyenye kuti uzitha kulemera pogwiritsa ntchito phazi la chakudya.
3. Kuteteza thupi kwakukulu. Kutha kulolera mosavuta matenda ambiri omwe oyimira nkhumba zina amagwira, popanda njira zopewetsera komanso kutemera.
4. Kutha kudziyimira payekha ndikuthana ndi njira yoperekera patali. Pano, palibe munthu amene ayenera kuchitapo kanthu. Ngakhale nkhuni zambiri, iye amasamalira ana ake, akukonzera ana ake malo. Eni ake a mtunduwu sangadandaule kuti wamkazi amaphwanya nkhumba.

Mangalitsa adathanso kukopa chibadwidwe cha Mangal, kuwapanga m'njira zambiri zofananira. Kuti mumvetsetse zomwe zimabadwa mwatsopano, mutha kudziwana ndi kholo lakale.

Chophimba chake chimafanana ndi chovala chachikopa. M'nyengo yozizira, imakhala ndi tsitsi lalitali lopindika, kukumbukira, ubweya wa astrakhan. Ndi mawonekedwe ake onse, brazi amakhala ngati nkhosa. M'masiku akale, mtunduwu unkadyetsedwa ngati nkhosa, ndikuwapititsa kubusa. Chophimba chotere chimatha kuteteza nyamayi nthawi yozizira.

Ndipo m'chilimwe, chithunzicho ndi chosiyana kotheratu. Mangalitsa amafanana ndi nkhumba wamba yokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi, ma curls onse amawonongeka pokonzekera kusungunuka. Kwa mtundu uwu, mtundu wa mitundu itatu ndi wamtundu: wofiira, oyera, "kumeza".

Pakati pa zaka za zana la 20 kunadziwika ndi kuswana kotheratu kwa mtunduwu, komwe panthawi imeneyo kunali osafikira 200 oimira nkhumba zam nkhosa. Koma obereketsa sanalole kuti mtunduwu usathe ndipo adachitapo kanthu kuti abwezeretsenso.

Kusiyanitsa brazier ndi nthumwi ina iliyonse ya nkhumba, chikwangwani chapadera cha "malo a Wellman" chithandiza. Kutalika kwa malowo sikuposa masentimita 5. Malo - gawo lakumunsi la khutu.
Mawonekedwe a mangalitsa amtundu m'njira zambiri amafanana ndi kufotokozera kwawoko.

Kodi amafanana chiyani?

Mtundu wofunikira komanso wofunikira kwambiri womwe umasamutsidwa kuchokera ku brazier kuchokera ku Hungary brazier ndi zomwe zili. Chophimba chotenthetsera chimathandizira kuti zinyama zizilekerera kuzizira, ndipo kusungunuka kumapangitsa kuti zisamavutike ndi nyengo yotentha komanso kulumidwa ndi tizilombo.

Khalidwe labwino la nyama zonse ziwirizi liziwoneka pokhapokha ngati nkhumba zili pamsewu. Mkhalidwe wobiriwira wa nkhumba umayambitsa kutayika kwa kuthekera uku, nyama zimataya malaya amkati aubweya wopotana.

Mitundu yonseyi ndi herbivores. Kutha kudyetsa iwo ndi msipu popanda ndalama zina zowonjezera ndikusankha kwakukulu kwa alimi. Amakhala modekha ngakhale osadyetsa chakudya chapadera, pongodya mizu yamitengo, bowa, zifuwa, udzu wamba komanso masamba.

Kukumbukira kwabwino kwambiri komwe makolo onse a barbecue amatengera ndi mtundu uwu. Izi zimapangitsa kuti athe kukhala ndi moyo ngakhale atakhala zakuthengo komanso m'malo odyetsa kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pazofanana, pali zosiyana, zizindikilo zomwe nthawi zina zimapangitsa kanyenye kukhala kofunika komanso kofunika.

Brazier ndi brazier. Kusiyana

Mangalica amatchedwa mwala wa sebaceous. Mtengo wamafuta wa nyama iyi umatsimikiziridwa ndi kusapezeka kwa cholesterol mmenemo. Ukalulu - mtundu wa nyama. Pa msipu, amatha kupeza mpaka 200 kg, pomwe pali kuwonjezeka kwa minofu, osati mafuta.

Makutu a brazier amapezeka moyang'ana mutu, ngati kuti amaphimba maso, pafupi ndi brazier - ali pamalo owongoka.

Barbecue ndiwachonde kuposa kholo lawo. Kuyambira lidebe lachiwiri, amatha kubereka ana mpaka 12, pomwe brazier imakhala ndi 5-6 yokha. Akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti nyama zokhwima zizikwana kuposa momwe thupi la barbeque limafikira 100 kg. Kupanda kutero, kuchepa kwa nkhumba kungakhudze mbewu ndi kuchuluka kwa mbewu, kukula kwawo komanso kuthamanga kwa kulemera.

Zosangalatsa! Kugwirizana kwa mitundu itatu yonseyi (barbeque, boar chilombo, barbecue) kumatsimikizidwanso ndikufanana modabwitsa kwamawonekedwe a nyama zazing'ono. Onsewa amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa mikwingwirima yopepuka ndi yakuda pa thupi la nyama. Koma pofika mwezi umodzi, zosiyana zamtundu uliwonse zimayamba kuonekera.

Thupi la nkhumba zamtchire limatalika, ma braziers, m'malo mwake, amapeza mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa, kukulira tsitsi lopotana. Achichepere ang'onoang'ono kuyambira ubwana wawo ali ngati ma brazier, pomwe phokoso lawo limakhala lokwera kwambiri, ndipo tsitsi limafanana ndi nkhumba zamtchire.

Zoyipa

Popeza talandira zambiri zofunikira kuchokera kwa makolo ake, wopangayo, nthawi yomweyo, ndi mtundu womwe uli ndi zovuta zingapo zomwe sizinganyalanyazidwe ngati mukufuna kuziswana:

1. Pokhala ndi mizimu yamakolo, nyama zamchere zimalakalaka zigawo zazikulu. Izi ndi zina mwazinthu zazikulu pakuganiza zogulitsa mtunduwu. Maiwe ndi malo odyetserako ziweto ayenera kukhala akulu kuposa zomwe zimafunikira nkhumba wamba.
2. Ngakhale kuweta kwamtunduwu ku Russia komanso kudera la Ukraine, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogulitsa nyama kanyumba kumakhala kochepa, chifukwa chake pamakhala vuto pamene kuswana nyama izi. Sichosavuta kukumana ndi kanyenya komwe kali ndipo amatha kupatsidwa mtundu wosakanikirana womwe umawoneka ngati kanyenya. Koma kudziwa mtundu wokhazikika womwe umaberekera nthawi zambiri kumatheka pokhapokha nyama zikafika pazakale.

Koma akatswiri omwe akudziwa izi, omwe sanabadwe ambiri, amapereka upangiri kwa iwo omwe akufuna kupeza nyama zotere:

• kuponyera ana nguluwe zakutchire ndikofunikira. Mwanjira iyi, phindu lolemera lidzakhala lalikulupo komanso mwachangu, ndipo nyamayo imakhala yapamwamba kwambiri,
• Thumba la nkhumba liyenera kudzipereka lokha lazaka 1 mwezi. Choyamba, ziwapangitsa kukhala olimba, ndipo chachiwiri, zitha kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa kupititsa kamtunda kuchokera kamodzi mpaka kawiri pachaka,
• ngati ma brazier atembenuka kwathunthu kukhala amtundu waulere ndikulowa mu pigsty mu malo ozizira kwambiri okha, kupezeka kwa mbewu zapoizoni kudera lonse kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa.
• Dera la nyama zodyera ziyenera kukhala lokwanira. Kwa barbecue, kuyenda ndikofunikira. Kuletsa kwake kungakhudze kuwonjezeka kwa gawo la sebaceous la nyama ndi kuchepa kwa nyama, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri mtengo wamtsogolo.

Popeza tazindikira zabwino ndi zovuta zonse, ndipo popeza taganiza zobereketsa nkhumba zotere, ndizotheka kusintha ntchito yovuta ngati iyi kukhala chisangalalo chenicheni.

Maonekedwe a kanyenya

Braziers ndi mtundu wosankhika wa nkhumba za herbivore. Mukugwa, matupi awo adakutidwa ndi tsitsi lakuda. Mtundu wa malaya ndi wofiirira komanso waimvi mpaka wakuda.

Ma braziers ndi ofanana mtundu ndi nkhumba wamba zakutchire. Ngati ma brazi amasungidwa m'nyumba, ndiye kuti tsitsi lawo limakhala, ngati nkhumba wamba.

Maonekedwe awo alibe mphamvu kwambiri, ndipo miyendo yawo ndi yopyapyala ndi ziboda zazing'ono. Makutu ndi ang'ono kukula.

Ma Braziers ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa chifukwa cha ubweya wachilendo.

Mtunduwu ndi nyama. Ku Ukraine, mwachitsanzo, mtundu uwu uli ndi analogue imodzi - nkhumba yoyera ya steppe. Ma Braziers mwabadwa amaphatikiza minofu yambiri, osati mafuta, amakhala osanenepa konse, ngakhale amatha kulemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 300. Ndipo ma braziers amatha kuphimbidwa ndi mafuta.

Ma braziers ndi nyama zodabwitsa; zimatha kudya udzu, chakudya cha zinyama, ndi zotayira chakudya. M'nyengo yozizira amadyetsedwa ndi udzu, mbewu za muzu, mapesi a chimanga, ma acorn, ma chestnuts, chinangwa, mafupa, tirigu wa tirigu ndi offal wapamwamba kwambiri. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuphunzitsa nkhumba kudya chakudya chilichonse.

Ma brazier ndi omnivores. Amatha kudya udzu, chakudya cha nyama, komanso zotayira.

Braziers safuna katemera, chifukwa ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi, chomwe adalandira kuchokera ku nkhumba zakutchire. Amalekerera kwambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri. Sangokhala ndi nkhawa.

Katundu wa nkhumba

Kulemera kwa nkhumba ndi 160-200 kg, boar - 200-300 kg. Mbiri yonse yotsimikizika pamtunduwu ndi 500 kg. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama zazing'ono sikokwanira kwambiri. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, nkhumba yokhala pansi yoyenda imalemera pafupifupi 70 kg.

Mwayi wawukulu wa mtunduwu ndi nyama yokongola kwambiri komanso yokoma "ya marble", yomwe imayang'aniridwa kwambiri pamsika wa ogula. Komabe, kwakukulu, mangalitsa amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa sebaceous. Pakakhala miyezi isanu ndi itatu, nkhumba zimapeza mafuta olimba - mpaka masentimita 5. Pofika mwezi wa 10, makulidwe amtunduwu amatha kale 10 cm.

Chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa magazi a nkhumba zakutchire, fecundity ya mangalits ya ku Hungary siili kwambiri. M'mimba yoyamba, nkhumba sizimatsogolera nkhumba zisanu, komabe kuchuluka kwa ana mu mzere umodzi kumawonjezeka mpaka 8-10.

Mikhalidwe yazokaka

Zosakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakubereka, mtundu wa nkhumba mangalitsa umapindulitsa ena - kuphweka kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika wa zomwe ali. Chifukwa cha majini omwe amapezeka ku nkhumba zakutchire za Carpathian, nkhumba zaku Hungary zimatha kukhala m'malo osakonzekera bwino ndikudya msipu.

Kuyambira pomwe mtunduwu udabadwa mpaka pakati pa zaka zana zapitazi, alimi aku Hungary ankaweta nkhumba mosadukiza pabusa wamapiri. M'nyengo yozizira kokha amathamangitsidwa m'misasa yopangidwa mwachangu, kupereka chitetezo chochepa kwambiri kuzizira. Ndipo m'malo oterewa, mtunduwu udachita bwino kwambiri, ngakhale udakhala woperewera.

Masiku ano, alimi ena a nkhumba amakhalanso ndi njira zachikhalidwe zopangira nkhumba zonyenyetsa zakudya, momwe nyama zimayendetsedwa kumalo abwinoko nthawi yachilimwe ndikubwerera kumakumba nthawi yachisanu. Zowona, ndizodziwikiratu kuti njirayi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pomwe pali malo opanda ufulu wokhala ndi ma foro olemera. Koma ndi zomwe amayenda mosadukiza, phindu lochulukirapo limapezeka, ndipo nkhumba zimapereka zochuluka pazomwe zimatha malinga ndi kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangidwa ndi nyama.

Chifukwa choti si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugula, alimi ena amasunga m'nyumba modyeramo nyumbamo. Tsoka ilo, pansi pamikhalidwe yotere, zopindulitsa zazikulu za nkhumba za ku Hungary pansi zimasinthidwa. Kuti mukhale ndi nyama yabwino pamlingo woyenera, muyenera kusankha zakudya mosamala, zomwe zimachepetsa phindu la kupanga. Kuphatikiza apo, kusayenda kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nkhumba, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta otsika mtengo komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama yamtengo wapatali pakupanga zophera.

Posankha njira yachikhalidwe yosungira nkhumba poyera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nkhumba zimatetezedwa ku chisanu podzibisalira mu udzu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachisanu yozizira, payenera kukhala mulu waukulu wa udzu kapena udzu.

Pankhani yazakudya, nkhumba imabereka mangalitsa aku Hungary akuwonetsa mawonekedwe ake abwino. Ikasungidwa nthawi yotentha, zimadyera udzu womwe udzadzipezere wekha pabusa, ndipo nthawi yozizira, msipu wamba umakwanira. Sakufunanso chakudya china chilichonse, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti akhale otchipa.

Zomera zomwe zimakhala, chimanga, mbewu za maungu, mbatata zosaphika, chinangwa, zinyalala za chakudya, masileya, ndi zina zotere zitha kuperekedwanso kwa nkhumba ngati chakudya chosankha. Kusunganso thanzi la nkhumba, dongo lofiira, choko ndi chakudya cha mafupa ziyeneranso kukhalapo mukudya.

Popeza braziers imakonda kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti isamamwe. Komanso, safunikira zowonjezera zina zilizonse zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula.

Zabwino ndi zoyipa za mitundu ya nkhumba

Ngakhale kuti nkhumba zimaswana ma brazier ndi brazier zidabadwa pafupifupi zaka mazana awiri zapitazo, ziwerengero zake padziko lapansi siziposa makumi masauzande. Ndipo izi sizolumikizidwa osati kwambiri chifukwa chakuti zaka 30 zapitazo mtunduwo unali pafupi kutha, koma ndi zovuta zake. Ubwino womwe uli nawo umangowonekera pokhapokha ukagwidwe, womwe siwomwe mlimi aliyense angathe.

1. Kutsika pamakhalidwe omangidwa. Nkhumba zimatha kukhala momasuka chaka chonse. Zomwe amafunikira ndi udzu wambiri momwe mungabisalire chisanu. M'chilimwe, safuna malo alionse okhalamo.
2. Zakudya zotsika mtengo. M'nyengo yotentha, ma brazi amakhala okonzeka kukhutira ndi msipu, womwe iwo adzapeza mu msipu, ndipo nthawi yozizira amangofunikira udzu ndi masamba. Sakufunanso chakudya chamtengo wapatali.
3. Nyama yabwino. Nkhumba za mtundu uwu zimatulutsa nyama yapamwamba kwambiri, yomwe imayamikiridwa kwambiri kuphika.
4. Thanzi labwino. Popeza nkhumba zakudyazi za ku Hungary sizingadwale ndi matenda a nkhumba wamba, katemera ndi zina zanyama zitha kuchitidwa.

Tsopano ziyenera kunenedwa za zoperewera mu mawonekedwe a mtundu wa nyama yankhokwe:

1. Zoyenera kumangidwa. Nkhumba za ku Hungary zimawululira zabwino zonse pokhapokha ngati zizisungidwa mwankhanza. Komabe, sikuti mlimi aliyense ali ndi malo osakwanira omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudyetsa nkhumba.
2. Zabwino zochepa. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu wina wa nkhumba, zotulutsa zonse zochokera mu nyama imodzi ndizochepa.
3. Kuzolowera kunenepa kwambiri. Pofotokoza nkhumba zodyera, olemba ambiri amawonetsa kuti kumwa mopitirira muyeso kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nkhumba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa phindu la zinthu zomwe nyama zimalandira kuchokera kwa iwo.
4. Zoyendayenda ku Russia.M'dziko lathu, chiwerengero cha nkhumba mu mtundu uwu chikuyembekezeka mazana, ngati si makumi, chifukwa chake ndizovuta kwambiri kukhala ndi agalu achichepere. Choyamba, ndiokwera mtengo kwambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, nthawi zina zimakhala zosatheka kuzipeza.

Zotheka Kubereketsa Nkhumba Zomwe Zimaswanidwa Ku Russia

Nkhumba pansi ku Hungary ndizopereka ziphuphu chifukwa chakuti, malinga ndi zina zomwe zimamangidwa, zimapereka mtengo wotsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, nkwabwino kwambiri kuwabzala komwe kuli malo opandaulere okwanira mabusa. Popeza kuchuluka kwa anthu ochepa m'madera ambiri a dziko lathu komanso kupezeka kwa malo ambiri osagwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyembekezo za mtunduwu ku Russia ndizabwino kwambiri.

Choyamba, mtunduwu udzakhala wosangalatsa kwa obereketsa nkhumba, ndiye kuti, wamba wamba okhala m'mudzi. Pakupanga malo ang'onoang'ono omwe sanalipidweko, koma osangokhala malo a munthu, ndizotheka kuweta zoweta za ma beazi popanda kuwononga ndalama zilizonse.

Koma alimi ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti nkhumba zawo zidya pamalo omwe agulidwa kapena atakongoletsedwa moyenera. Mwamwayi, m'madera ambiri a Russia malo ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa chake sipakhala mitengo yayikulu. Popeza mahekitala amtundu umodzi amatha kudya msuzi wa nkhumba imodzi ndi theka mpaka awiri, phindu lake likuwonekeratu.

Koma kuzinyama zazikuluzikulu zoberekera nkhumba masiku ano, zosunga nkhumba sizoyenera. M'malo otsekedwa, malo ogulitsa zakudya sangathe kupikisana ndi nkhumba za mitundu ina chifukwa cha phindu ndi phindu.

Zambiri

Nkhumba za Mangal zidawonekera mu 1833 chifukwa chodutsa oyimilira kuthengo ndi brazier ya Carpathian.

Kubzala nkhumba ku Mangal kuli ndi maubwino angapo. Chifukwa chake, mosiyana ndi achibale, nkhumba yamtundu wa Mangal ikukula msanga, nkhumba zachikulire zimatha kulemera pafupifupi 300 kg. Izi nkhumba zimatchulidwa ngati mitundu yapamwamba ya herbivorous.

Kubzala nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal ndi njira yopweteketsa, choncho nthawi zambiri minda yayikulu ya nkhumba kapena alimi odziwa ntchito akugwira ntchito ndi artiodactyl akhala akuchita izi kwa chaka chopitilira chaka chimodzi. Ma piglets a Mangal akufunika kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wawo umakhala wokwera kwambiri.

Nkhumba za Mangal zimagawidwa m'magulu anayi kutengera mtundu wa malaya. Nthawi zambiri nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal ndizoyera, mtundu uwu ndi 80% ya oimira. 20% yotsala imagwera anthu pawokha amtundu wa nkhumba Mangal ofiira (onani chithunzi), wosakanizidwa ndi mtundu wakuda. Tsoka ilo, oimira onsewa, kupatula azungu, tsopano atsala pang'ono kutha.

Pambuyo pobadwa, nkhumba zimakhala ndi tsitsi. M'mwezi woyamba wamoyo, pang'onopang'ono zimasowa. Ngakhale nkhumba zangobadwa kumene zimasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso kukana kuzizira, kotero kuti nthawi yozizira imatha kukhala bwino m'chipinda chamatabwa popanda kutentha kwina.

Kufotokozera zakunja:

• makutu a pakati
• tsitsi lopindika,
• kulemera kwakukulu - 300 kg,
• mlandu wamphamvu,
• misempha yambiri yamafuta ochepa mafuta,
• miyendo yopyapyala yolimba.

Kukula Zinthu

Kupititsa patsogolo nyama, abambo samalowerera. Panthawi yakutha msinkhu, kumasulidwa kwamphamvu kwa estrogens ndi endogene kumachitika, chifukwa chomwe fungo losasangalatsa limawonekera munyama. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita zachiberekero zakale zokhala ndi mwezi umodzi. Njirayi imalimbikitsanso kukula kwachangu, kotero nthawi zina akazi samawilitsidwa.

Nkhumba za Mangalazi zimatha msinkhu m'miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Njere imanyamula ana masiku 120. Ngati farrow sichili choyamba, ndiye kuti pakubala kamodzi, nkhumba imatha kulekerera ana opitilira 12. Pakatha masiku 5, nkhumba imatha kudya zokambirana zamadzimadzi. Pazaka mwezi umodzi, mbewu ndi mizu zitha kuyambitsidwa kale m'zakudya.

Kuti nkhumba zizitha kumva bwino munyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kuti zizipeza chakudya chamagulu. Zakudya ziyenera kuphatikizapo zinthu monga izi:

• mbewu ndi msipu - 70%,
• mifuwa, ma acorn - 30%,
• mavitamini amadzimadzi ndi mchere.

Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti nkhumba zizilandira chakudya chokwanira, koma osavomerezeka. Kudyetsa mopitilira muyeso, komanso kuperewera, ndizovulaza thanzi la nyama: zimatha kufa ngakhale kudya kwambiri. Ana a nkhumba amachotsedwa akamafika milungu inayi. Kuti muwonjezere zokolola, kuluka kumachitika patsiku la 5-7 mutasiya kuyamwa.

Ma piglets a Mangal amakhala ndi chitetezo chabwino, motero sangataye katemera. Anthu aku Brazier ndi ochezeka kwa anthu ena okhala pafamuyo, komanso anthu.

Zomwe muli

Nkhumba za Mangal ndizokulira kukula kwake, motero, zimafunikira malo ambiri kuti zisunge ndikuyenda. Ma piglets a Mangal amasungidwa m'malo achitetezo. Kuyenda kumapangidwa m'malo okhala ndi masamba obiriwira, kotero kuti nkhumba zimatha kudzimeza lokha ndi masamba ngati zifuna.

Kansalu kena kokhako kuyenera kuyikidwapo poyenda kuti nkhumba zibisala mvula ndi kutentha. Pokonza nyengo yachisanu ndikofunikira kumanga khola. Zinyalala za udzu kapena udzu zimayikidwa pansi khola. Palibe kutentha kwina komwe kumafunikira.

Mtengo wowaza nkhumba umapangidwa bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku nkhuni. Thumba lankhondo liyenera kukhala ndi zida zapamtunda. Chofunikira pakuwasamalira nkhumba ndikusunga chokwanira mchipindacho, ndikofunikanso kupewa machitidwe osayera. Zinyalala ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Kudyetsa Zinthu

Ma brazier ndi omnivores. Mosiyana ndi stereotypes, oimira awa samafunikira chakudya chochuluka. Maziko a nyama ya nkhumba ndi minofu yambiri. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, a Mangalian amapeza 600 g patsiku.

Ngati palibe njira zoyendera nkhumba, muyenera kukolola nokha chakudya. Pumpu zimafunikira zokwanira ma greens, ndiye muyenera kuti muzidulira udzu. Komanso, masamba okwanira ayenera kukhala m'zakudya:

Ma braziers amatha kudya pafupifupi masamba onse, kuphatikiza masamba okha, komanso zipatso. Chomwe chimaletsa ndi ma apricots: mafupa awo amayambitsa poizoni. Zonenepa zamasamba zonse ndi zipatso ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndikuwapatsa nkhumba. Kuti nkhumba zizikula mwachangu, chimanga chimayambitsidwa muzakudya.

Ngati chiweto chikufika kulemera kwa makilogalamu 150, muyenera kusiyanitsa zakudya ndikuyang'anira momwe zimakhalira: chifukwa choperewera michere, kukula kumatha kuyima kwathunthu. Kuti nkhumba zizitha kuphunzira zokha, zimayenera kuzolowera izi zisanachitike. Njira yabwino ndiyakuti nkhumba zikagule kuyenda ndi amayi awo.

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu

Ndemanga za omwe ali ndi nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal ndi zabwino. Abusa amasangalala ndi kuphweka kwa kukonza komanso kusamalira nkhumba izi. Ubwino wake ndi kusinthasintha kwabwino kwa oimira ichi kukhala pamikhalidwe ina iliyonse komanso kuwononga mtengo wake pankhani ya chakudya.

Oberekera amawona kuti nyama ya Mangal ndiyachifundo kwambiri kuposa nkhumba zina, ndipo alibe mafuta. Kutsitsa kumaphatikizapo mtengo wokwera wa anthu oyera mtima. Kuphatikiza apo, ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza. Nkhumba yotere imatha ndalama zoposa ma ruble 12,000. Zonse zimatengera pedigree.

Komabe, ngakhale pamtengo wokwera kwambiri, oimira mitundu ya Brazier akufunika kwambiri. Ngati mumakonda kupita kamodzi kokha ndikugula anthu angapo, ndiye kuti mtsogolomo zitha kudyedwa popanda mavuto palokha. Chovuta china ndichofunikira m'deralo kuti muzisunga: pakuti nkhumba zazitali zazikulu zimafunikira malo akuluakulu oyenda.

Zofunikira za nkhumba

Kusunga nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal, chipinda chachikulu chikufunika. Deralo lidzadalira kuchuluka kwa ziweto. Kuti mukhale bwino, munthu m'modzi amafunika masikweya mita 5. Anthu ambiri amati Mangalov amatha kusungidwa mumsewu, ngakhale nthawi yozizira, koma nyama zimafunikabe kubisala chisanu, makamaka ngati nkhumba zazing'ono.

Makamaka chidwi ziyenera kulipidwa kuti zigonekere pansi. Kwa nkhumba zochepa, mutha kupanga mulu wa dothi ndikuyika pamwamba pa bolodi. Kwa ziweto zazikulu, njira yabwino kwambiri ndikuphimba konkriti. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe zanyumba zokhala pansi: zimatenga zinthu zonyansa zanyama, zomwe zimakulitsa kununkhira. Mukamagona pansi, muyenera kumanga zotungira zonyowa ndi mkodzo.

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza bwino mpweya wabwino m'chipindacho. Zogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso zotulutsa. Kuunikiranso kumathandizanso kwambiri: m'zipinda zogona kwambiri, nkhumba zimapuma. Chiwerengero cha mazenera chimadalira mwachindunji pansi.

Mu nkhumba muyenera kulinganiza kupezeka kwa madzi. Izi ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire miyezo yaukhondo ndipo zidzachepetsa kwambiri kuyeretsa, makamaka ngati mupanga pansi pang'onopang'ono. Kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira sikuyenera kugwa pansi pa zero. Ma braziers amadziwika ndi chitetezo chabwino, chifukwa chake kuyikira zida zamagetsi sikofunikira.

Pomaliza

Mutha kudziwa zambiri kuchokera pa kanemayo - mtundu wa nkhumba za barbecue.

Nkhumba zotere zimakhala ndi mwayi waukulu pamtundu wina. Kuswana kwawo sikutanthauza ndalama zapadera, chifukwa ngakhale ndi magawo akuluakulu a chakudya amadya zochepa poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina. Nkhumba za Mangal zimathamanga kuwonda. Nguluwe yayikulu imafika 300 kg.

Mukamaweta nkhumba Mangal kwa nyama, ndikofunikira kuchita ndi zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kugonana. Njirayi imathandizira kwambiri kulemera ndikuyenda bwino kwa nyama. Nyama zowoneka bwino zimafunikira malo akuluakulu oyenda.

Gulani mtundu wowoneka bwino wa nkhumba za Mangal ndizovuta. Tsoka ilo, anthu ofiira, osakaniza ndi akuda anali atatsala pang'ono kutha. Mokulira amazilima minda yama nguluwe. Mtengo wa nkhumba zamtunduwu ndiwokwera kwambiri.

Nkhumba za Barbecue - kufotokoza

Choyambirira chomwe chimakopa chidwi pakuwoneka kwa nkhumba izi ndi malaya awo atali. Kuphatikiza apo, ubweya ndiwosangalatsa kukhudza ndi ma curls kukhala mphete zomwezo. Chophimba chomwe chimatulukira chimafanana kwambiri ndi chikopa cha nkhosa. Ku England, mawu oti "nkhumba", kutanthauza "nkhumba ya nkhosa" amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngakhale pamtunduwu. Alimi a nkhumba aku Hungary amakonda kutcha mayadi awo "nkhumba zokhota." Ku Russia, mawu akuti "Hungary downy mangalitsky pig" amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

Chovala chachikulu komanso chowoneka bwino kwambiri ndi tsitsi la mangalits nthawi yozizira, pamene muyenera kudziteteza ku chisanu. Mu nthawi yophukira, chivundikirocho chimapindika nkusanduka chiputu chofewa, ndipo kumbuyo kwa nkhumba mikwingwirima yakuda imawonekera, ndikupereka ubale wawo ndi nkhumba zakuthengo. Ngati mungasunge nkhumba za mtunduwu nthawi zonse mokhala otentha ndikuwapatsa chakudya chochuluka, tsitsi lomwe amafunikira kuti akhale ndi moyo wamtchire limatsala pang'ono kutheratu, ndipo amakhala ngati nkhumba wamba.

Mwambiri, opanga ma brazi ali ndi lamulo lolimba komanso mafupa olimba. Kunja kwa nkhumba zachikulire, pamimba lalikulu limawoneka bwino mpaka caricature, likuwoneka loyipa kumbali yakumiyendo yazifupi. Nkhumba yomwe ili pansi imakhala ndi chifuwa chachikulu, chopyapyala kapena chopindika kumbuyo. Mutu ndi wa kutalika kwapakatikati, kufinya kumapindika, makutu ndi akulu kwambiri komanso amatsogola kutsogolo.

Pakadali pano, mitundu inayi ya mangalits imasiyanitsidwa: yakuda, kumeza, ofiira ndi oyera. Mtundu womaliza ndiwofala kwambiri, chifukwa pafupifupi 80% ya mtunduwo. Mtundu wofiyira wofiyira udapangidwa kuchokera pakubera kwazungu yoyera ya nkhumba ndi mtundu wa Szalontai, imakhala ndi zokolola zapamwamba kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya mitundu. Mtundu wamtundu wotchedwa Swallow udawindidwa podutsa ndi mtundu wa Sirius. Kuphatikiza pa utoto wachilendo, nkhumba zamtunduwu zimadziwikanso ndi gulu lalikulu.

Kulemera kwa nkhumba ndi 160-200 kg, boar - 200-300 kg. Mbiri yonse yotsimikizika pamtunduwu ndi 500 kg. Kuchulukitsa kwa nyama zazing'ono sikokwanira kwambiri. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, nkhumba yokhala pansi yoyenda imalemera pafupifupi 70 kg.

Mwayi wawukulu wa mtunduwu ndi nyama yokongola kwambiri komanso yokoma "ya marble", yomwe imayang'aniridwa kwambiri pamsika wa ogula. Komabe, kwakukulu, mangalitsa amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wa sebaceous. Pakakhala miyezi isanu ndi itatu, nkhumba zimapeza mafuta olimba - mpaka masentimita 5. Pofika mwezi wa 10, makulidwe amtunduwu amatha kale 10 cm.

Chifukwa cha kuphatikizika kwa magazi a nkhumba zakutchire, fecundity ya mangalits ya ku Hungary siili kwambiri. M'mimba yoyamba, nkhumba sizimatsogolera nkhumba zisanu, komabe kuchuluka kwa ana mu mzere umodzi kumawonjezeka mpaka 8-10.

Zosakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pakubereka, mtundu wa nkhumba mangalitsa umapindulitsa ena - kuphweka kwambiri komanso mtengo wotsika wa zomwe ali. Chifukwa cha majini omwe amapezeka ku nkhumba zakutchire za Carpathian, nkhumba zaku Hungary zimatha kukhala m'malo osakonzekera bwino ndikudya msipu.

Kuyambira pomwe mtunduwu udabadwa mpaka pakati pa zaka zana zapitazi, alimi aku Hungary ankaweta nkhumba mosadukiza pabusa wamapiri. M'nyengo yozizira kokha amathamangitsidwa m'misasa yopangidwa mwachangu, kupereka chitetezo chochepa kwambiri kuzizira. Ndipo m'malo oterewa, mtunduwu udachita bwino kwambiri, ngakhale udakhala woperewera.

Masiku ano, alimi ena a nkhumba amakhalanso ndi njira zachikhalidwe zopangira nkhumba zonyenyetsa zakudya, momwe nyama zimayendetsedwa kumalo abwinoko nthawi yachilimwe ndikubwerera kumakumba nthawi yachisanu. Zowona, ndizodziwikiratu kuti njirayi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pomwe pali malo opanda ufulu wokhala ndi ma foro olemera. Koma ndi zomwe amayenda mosadukiza, phindu lochulukirapo limapezeka, ndipo nkhumba zimapereka zochuluka pazomwe zimatha malinga ndi kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa zopangidwa ndi nyama.

Chifukwa choti si aliyense amene angakwanitse kugula, alimi ena amasunga m'nyumba modyeramo nyumbamo. Tsoka ilo, pansi pamikhalidwe yotere, zopindulitsa zazikulu za nkhumba za ku Hungary pansi zimasinthidwa. Kuti mukhale ndi nyama yabwino pamlingo woyenera, muyenera kusankha zakudya mosamala, zomwe zimachepetsa phindu la kupanga. Kuphatikiza apo, kusayenda kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri mu nkhumba, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa mafuta otsika mtengo komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyama yamtengo wapatali pakupanga zophera.

Posankha njira yachikhalidwe yosungira nkhumba poyera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti nkhumba zimatetezedwa ku chisanu podzibisalira mu udzu. Chifukwa chake, nthawi yachisanu yozizira, payenera kukhala mulu waukulu wa udzu kapena udzu.

Pankhani yazakudya, nkhumba imabereka mangalitsa aku Hungary akuwonetsa mawonekedwe ake abwino. Ikasungidwa nthawi yotentha, zimadyera udzu womwe udzadzipezere wekha pabusa, ndipo nthawi yozizira, msipu wamba umakwanira. Sakufunanso chakudya china chilichonse, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti akhale otchipa.

Zomera zomwe zimakhala, chimanga, mbewu za maungu, mbatata zosaphika, chinangwa, zinyalala za chakudya, masileya, ndi zina zotere zitha kuperekedwanso kwa nkhumba ngati chakudya chosankha. Kusunganso thanzi la nkhumba, dongo lofiira, choko ndi chakudya cha mafupa ziyeneranso kukhalapo mukudya.

Popeza braziers imakonda kunenepa kwambiri, ndikofunikira kuti isamamwe. Komanso, safunikira zowonjezera zina zilizonse zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula.

Zinthu zosunga ndi kuswana

Ngati ana a nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal adakonzekeretsedwa kuti aphedwe, ndiye kuti azikopedwa ali ndi zaka 1-1.5 miyezi, chifukwa ndikatha izi sizosangalatsa kwambiri kuti amayamba kulemera msanga. Uterine kutha msambo kumachitika ndi miyezi 5-7, pomwe mimba imatenga pafupifupi masiku 120. Pa mimba imodzi, mutha kupeza nkhumba zopitilira 12, koma izi ndizowona ngati nkhumba siyomwe ili ndi mimba yoyamba.

Pakadutsa masiku 5 atachokapo, m'badwo watsopano umatha kudyetsedwa ndi phala lamadzimadzi, dongo lofiira, tirigu wa barele ndi zinthu zina monga zakudya zomwe zili ndi mavitamini ndi michere yonse yofunikira kwa achinyamata. Nkhumba zikafuna kukhala ndi milungu itatu kapena itatu, zimadzicheka masamba okha ndipo ziyenera kuyamba kupatsa beets, kaloti, maapulo ndi udzu watsopano.

Kuti nthumwi za nkhumba zomwe zatchulidwazi zimve bwino kwambiri nyengo yozizira, zakudya zake ziyenera kukhala ndi izi: 70% - mbewu za muzu, mapesi a chimanga ndi udzu, 30 peresenti - ma chestnuts ndi ma acorn. M'chilimwe, chakudya chimakhala chotsika mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa nthumwi za mtunduwu ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimafunafuna chakudya zokha. Nthawi yomweyo, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za kudya kowonjezera, chifukwa chamoyo chilichonse chimafunikira mavitamini ndi mchere nthawi iliyonse.

Zoti nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal ziyenera kudya zakudya zambiri kuti zikule bwino ndi zabodza. Ngati nkhumba zimadya kwambiri, makamaka nkhumba, zimatha kufa zonse, osaziphatikiza ndi chakudya.

Akangobadwa kumene, agaluwa amakhala ndi "milozo" yamtundu, komabe, m'mwezi woyamba wa moyo, utotowu umazimiririka. Pazaka zomwezi, kuyamwa kuyamwa kuyamwa. Kuti muchulukitse zipatso, mbewuyi imapangidwanso masiku asanu ndi awiri mutasiya kuyamwa. Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti ngakhale a Mangals omwe angobadwa kumene saopa nyengo yoipa, choncho ngakhale mu chisanu chochepa amatha kusungidwa mumtengo wopanda matenthedwe owonjezera. Eni malo ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kufalitsa udzu ku nkhumba kuti izitentha, izi ndizofunikira chifukwa nkhumba imapanga chisa kuchokera ku udzu, komwe imakhala yabwino kwambiri kwa nkhumba.

Nkhumba za Mangal zimakhala ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri mthupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sizifunikira katemera. Nkhumba zimakonda kuzolowera zinthu zina komanso anthu, komanso zimakonda kucheza ndi nyama zonse pabwalo. Ming'alu imakulidwa chifukwa cha nyama, koma imathanso kuphunzitsidwa pophunzitsa agalu osaka, komanso masewera ndi kusaka.

Monga tanena kale, anthu oimira mtundu wa Mangal ndi ochepa, motero akufunikira kwambiri. Makampani odziwa kubzala akuchenjeza: musagule nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal pa dongosolo, chifukwa m'malo mwa mtundu wangwiro mutha kupeza nkhumba za Vietnamese kapena Korea.

Gawo lamndende

Ngati mulibe mwayi wopanga nkhumba zazikulu, ndiye ndibwino kuti musagule Mangals, chifukwa amafunika gawo lalikulu. Kenako, corral, iyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi mpanda wolimba womwe sungalole alendo osakumananso ndi nkhumba.

Kuti mayendedwe azikhala omasuka momwe mungathere, ndikofunikira kuti udzu kapena zitsamba zimerepo, chifukwa nkhumba za mtundu wa Mangal zimakonda kudya zakudya zamasamba. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti palibe chomera chakupha zomwe zimamera m'deralo. Kuti mubisire nyama zawo ku chisanu ndi mvula, muyenera kuphimba mitunduyo ndi denga.

Makhalidwe a nkhumba

Monga tanena kale, nkhumba za mtunduwu zimalemera mpaka 300 kg. Zonse zimatengera zomwe mumadyetsa chiweto chanu, ndi momwe zimakhalira. Mabuluwa amafunika kuti asamalowerere pazaka ziwiri zokha. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kumanga minofu ndikuchotsa fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera ku nkhumba. Ndizinthu izi zomwe zimapangitsa kugawa zakudya zam'nyanja monga herbivore yapamwamba.

Mutha kuwerenga zambiri za kubereketsa mtundu wa ku Vietnam.

Nyama ndizokonzeka kuchita zachiwerewere pazaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Chizindikiro china cha mtundu uwu ndi kupezeka kwa tsitsi lalitali, lalitali. Amakhala m'thupi lonse, ndipo kumbuyo kwake amaimirira. Izi zimapangitsa nkhumba kukhala ngati kanyenya ndi boar wakuthengo. Amakula m'dzinja, kuzizira kumabwera. Chifukwa cha chovala chachisanu chambiri, ma piglets amatha nthawi yachisanu chisanu popanda zida zowonjezera.

Pakubala nyama, adalengeza mikwingwirima kumbuyo kwawo. Amatha kukhala opepuka kapena akuda kuposa mtundu woyambira.

Ubwino woweta nkhumba Mangal ndi:

• nyama yokoma kwambiri
• chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito podyetsa chimakhala chothandiza pa mtengo wotsika,
• kusasamala posamalira ndi kukonza,
• osayendetsedwa ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yozizira,
• kusasitsa koyambirira.

Mawonekedwe Abwino

Cholinga chochititsa chidwi chotere cha nkhumba izi ndi kudzipereka kwawo posamalira. Palibenso chifukwa chobera ana nkhumba, bola ngati simungathe kuwapatsa chilimwe. Nyama zotere zimakonda kwambiri mophweka. M'malo omwe amayenda, ndikofunikira kuti muziganizira mpanda. Kupanda kutero, nkhumba za barbecue zimangopita kukakhala ndi nyama zosokera, agalu.

Mukamayenda, nkhumba zimatha kudya masamba onse. Zomwe zimamera pafupi ndi iwo. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kuonetsetsa pasadakhale kuti m'dera lino mulibe zitsamba zakupha. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyiwala za nthawi yayitali, zomwe zingateteze nyama ku mvula ndi matalala, komanso pakuwala kwa dzuwa.

Ngakhale kuti eni ake amasunga nyama pamalo otseguka chaka chonse, ndizotheka kupereka malo abwino mchipinda choyera komanso chofunda. Pafunikabe kupanga bedi la udzu ndi udzu.

Muyenera kukhala ndichidwi kuti mudziwe momwe zimawonekera.

Nkhumba ikangobadwa kumene, ndiye nyambo yake imaloledwa kwa masiku 3-5. Poyamba, amadyetsedwa woyankhula amadzimadzi. Poyambirira, ndikofunikira kudyetsa ana ndi michere yowonjezera. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kupereka choko, dongo, fupa chakudya. Madzi abwino ndi oyera amayenera kupezeka m'zakudya, zomwe nkhumba zimatha kulowa. Mwanayo akatha masabata atatu, ndiye kuti amatha kudya chakudya chofanana ndi akulu. Amatha kutafuna udzu komanso kuwombera chakudya cholimba.

Ngati wina ali ndi mwayi wopeza mtundu wangwiro, ndiye kuti payenera kukhala mavuto ena ndi kuswana kwawo. Popeza kusasitsa nkhumba kumayambiriro kwambiri, koma amafunika kuchitika pokhapokha kulemera kwawo kufika 100 kg. Cholinga chake ndikuti nthochi zofesa nthawi imodzi zimatha kubala ana ambiri. Ngati nkhumba imalemera pang'ono, nkhumba zimakhala zofooka komanso zosagwira ntchito.

Zoberekera za ana zimachitika masiku 116-120. Poyerekeza ndi kufesa ku Vietnamese, grillue barbecue ndi abwino kwambiri pochita ntchito zawo. Koma izi sizitanthauza kuti muyenera kusiya zonse mwamwayi osatsata nkhumba. Nthawi zina pakhoza kukhala zopatuka kuchokera pa njira yokhazikika yokhotakhota, chifukwa chofunikira thandizo.

Pamene nkhuku ya nkhuku ikuyamba kusesa ikusonyeza.

Ana a nkhumba amatha kukhala ndi moyo pawokha mwezi umodzi. Pakatha masiku 5 mutasiya kuyamwa, mbewuyo imakonzeka kukhwima. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kutenga 2 farrowing pachaka.

Mutha kugula nkhumba yazakudya pamtengo wa ruble 12000-2000.

Pa kuweta nkhumba zakunyumba ndi mafakitale, Mitundu yoposa zana imapangidwa kuti izitha kuperekanso kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi nyama. Mothandizirana, awa ndi amitundu itatu:

• konsekonse (nyama ndi mafuta): Landras, Duroc, Lapay, Temvors, Pietrain, Urzhumskaya,
• nyama ndi nyama yankhumba (kuchuluka kwapadera kwa nyama ndi mafuta): Chiyukireniya cha Belaya ndi Ryabaia, choyera cha ku Lithuania, chanzeru ku Germany, Murom, Siberian kumpoto,
• mafuta (mafuta apamwamba kwambiri): Mangalitsa, Wakuda wamkulu, Berkshire.

Mndandandandawu, M Angals amakhala malo apadera - mtundu wa nkhumba zomwe zimayambitsa zokambirana zambiri pa intaneti. Mutu waukulu wokambirana ndi dzina la mtundu, chifukwa nthawi zambiri umadziwika ndi Mangalica wa ku Hungary. Kuphatikiza apo, m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku timakhulupirira kuti Hungary Brazier ndi mtundu wa nkhumba wokhala ndi ubweya.

Tidzayesa limodzi kuti timvetsetse kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa Mitundu iwiri yothandizirana - imakhudzana ndi chiyambi, mawonekedwe, nyama. Mangalitsa ndi Mangala alinso ndi miyambo wamba yokhudzana ndi kusunga, kudyetsa, kuswana.

Chiyambi cha Mangalice waku Hungary

Mangalitsa ndi wochokera ku Hungary. Pa gawo loyamba, muli mitundu ya nkhumba zakale komanso zakutchire za Carpathian:

Ana obwera chifukwa cha kusakanikirana kwa magazi kotero kuti sanakhale kwachilala, ali ndi tsitsi lofiirira komanso wamkwiyo. Kudutsa kwina ndi Sumadia (Serbia) kunapangitsa kuti kuwonekere mu 1833 kwa Hungary fluffy (pansi) Mangalitsa. Pakadali pano, nkhumba zidapeza zooneka bwino zamtundu wa sebaceous, mawonekedwe wamba, zidayamba kulemera mwachangu.

Zaka zankhondo za pambuyo pa nkhondo za XX, Mangalitsa anali pachimake pa kutchuka, koma opaleshoni idagwera potchuka: kutembenuka kwa 70-80s, matanthwe a sebaceous a Mangalitsa adatsika kwambiri. Cholinga cha ichi chinali lingaliro lofala kuti zakudya zokhala ndi mafuta sizabwino.

Apanso, udindo wa Mangalitsa unalimba mu 1990, pomwe kampani "Hamones Segovia, S.A." (Spain) idayamba kubereka.

Mangalitsa ndi gawo la pulogalamu yoteteza zimbudzi za ku India ndipo ndi lodzikuza kwa boma. Chaka chilichonse mu February ku Budapest, Phwando la Mangalitsa limachitika, komwe opanga soseji amapikisano, mpikisano wamadzimadzi umachitika, mapulogalamu osangalatsa komanso kulawa kwa zakudya zamayiko kumachitika.

Nkhumba zimasokoneza Brazier

Mbiri yakuyambira kwa mtundu uwu ndiwogwirizana mwachindunji ndi mayina akunja.

M angal ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa chifukwa chodutsa Mangalitsa ndi boar yakumadzulo ku Europe. Izi zidapangitsa kuphatikiza mawonekedwe amtundu ndikupanga machitidwe oyandikira kuti apeze nyama yomwe ili ndi chisamaliro chokwanira, kukonza ndikudyetsa.

Malinga ndi chidziwitso chomwe chilipo, mtundu wa Mangal sunalembetsedwe mwalamulo. Komabe, izi sizimayimitsa olumikizana a nyama yapamwamba, kufunafuna kuti akhale osakanizidwa kuti aphebe komanso ana osankhika. Kusankhidwa kwina kutengera mtundu wopezedwa kumapitirirabe.

Makhalidwe a ogula a Mangalitsa ndi Mangal

Mangalica, womwe ndi mtundu wamafuta amtundu wa nkhumba, umadziwika padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha mafuta omwe alibe mafuta a cholesterol, ndi nyama ya marble yokhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yamafuta. Jamon wosuta amapezeka kuchokera ku nyama ya Mangalitsa ya ku Hungary.

Ma braziers ali ndi mawonekedwe pamtundu wamtundu: samapanga mwachangu osati mafuta, koma minofu ya minofu, chifukwa cha izi ali ndi mafuta pang'ono. Pankhaniyi, amatchulidwa mtundu wa nyama monga mtundu wabwino pakati pa herbivores.

Kufanana kwakukulu ndi Mangalitsa, yomwe ili ndi mtundu wa nkhumba Mangal, ndi zomwe zili. Chovala chofunda cha ubweya chimapangitsa kuti kusakhale kosavuta kulekerera chisanu mumsewu, ndipo kusungunuka kwakanthawi kumapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kuthana ndi kutentha kwa chilimwe.

Chitetezo champhamvu chamthupi, chobadwa kuchokera kwa makolo akale otentha, sichimangokhala ndi nkhawa ndipo chimakupatsani mwayi wopanda katemera.

Mitundu yonseyi ndi yoweta, samafuna chisamaliro chapadera, amakhala ndi malingaliro abwino komanso anzeru - izi zimawathandiza kuti azolowere kuyenda momasuka, kumva bwino m'malo odyetserako ziweto kapena malo achitetezo (mwachitsanzo, m'munda) nthawi yachilimwe ndi nthawi yachisanu.

Chilimwe ndi nthawi yapadera ya nyama zamphamvu zomwe zimatha kulandira michere kuchokera ku msipu uliwonse. Udzu, wokometsedwa m'madziwe, zipatso zovunda, mphukira ndi mizu ya mitengo ndi zitsamba, mizu, zipatso, zipatso, zipatso zamkati, bowa ndi zipatso zimadyedwa. M'nyengo yozizira - udzu, mbewu za chinangwa, chinangwa, zosankha chimanga ndi chimanga, chakudya chonyansa.

Kwa chaka chimodzi, mitundu yonseyi imapeza 200 makilogalamu pa udzu, zakudya zabwino ndi udzu, ndipo mpaka 300 itadyetsedwa ndi chakudya chamagulu.

Zopindulitsa

Ubwino zingapo ndizodziwika ku Mangalits ndi mtundu wa Mangalits. Makhalidwe, ndemanga za eni zimapanga chithunzithunzi chotsatira zabwino za mitundu iyi yapamwamba:

Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale posankha anthu osankha mapaundi 300 ngati famu ya nkhumba kapena famu yangayi.