Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa ndi cha banja la chiwombankhanga. Malo omwe amakhala amakhala ku Australia, New Guinea, Tasmania. Mbalame imathanso kupezeka kum'mawa India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Indochina, Guinea. Mbalame zamtunduwu sizimangokhala m'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso kumtunda waukulu mpaka 1000 km kuchokera kunyanja. Chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri cha mbalame zili m'malo omwe mumakhala anthu ochepa ndipo palibe zotsatira zakulowera kwa anthu kuthengo.
Mawonekedwe
Thupi la mbalameyo lakutidwa ndi maula oyera, kupatula mapiko ndi kumbuyo. Ali ndi imvi yakuda. Akazi ndiakulu kuposa amuna. Kutalika kwa akazi ndi 80-90 cm, ndipo amuna kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 66-80. Wingspan amafika pa 1.78-2.2 m. Mlomo ndi waukulu, wokhala ndi buluzi, wamtambo wamtambo wokhala ndi utoto wakuda. Iris ndi yakuda. Miyendo yake ndi yachikasu ndi imvi yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali zakuda. Kuuluka, mbalame imasinthana ndi mapiko osesa kwambiri olimba poyenda pang'ono.
Kuswana
Nthawi yoweta ya chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera imadalira malo okhala. Ku Australia, imayambira mu Juni mpaka Ogasiti. Mitengo yayitali kapena zopangira mwala zimasankhidwira zisa. Chisa chimakhala chachikulu komanso chakuya. Zinthu zake ndi timitengo, nthambi, zitsamba, udzu. Awiriwa amakhala pamasabata atatu mpaka 6 akumanga ntchitoyi. Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatha milungu 6. Mu clutch, monga lamulo, pali mazira awiri oyera owumbika. Anapiye amene anabadwa ali ndi zovala zoyera. Achichepere amakhala ndi mapiko pazaka 70-80, pomwe ali pafupi ndi makolo awo mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Kukhala Ndi Khalidwe Labwino
Mbalamezi nthawi zambiri zimakhala. Ena amapanga maukwati osatha ndipo amakhala m'malo ena chaka chimodzi. Ena amakhala ndi moyo wosakhazikika. Awiriwo amakhala amwano komanso amalimbikira mpaka imfa ya m'modzi wa omwe ali nawo. M'magulu ang'onoang'ono, nyama zodyerazi zomwe zimayamwa zimasokera ngati kuli chakudya chochuluka. Koma kwakukulu, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa woyera sichimamveka bwino.
Chakudyacho chili ndi mitundu yambiri ya nyama komanso nyama yovomerezeka. Popita kusaka, mbalameyo imawulukira pamwamba pamadzi, ndikugwira nsombazo ndi zikhadabo ndikuchokapo nthawi yomweyo. Nsomba, akamba, njoka zam'nyanja, komanso mbalame ndi nyama zazing'ono zazing'ono zimadyedwa. Chakudya chimaperekedwa chokha, awiriawiri komanso m'mabanja.
Chiwerengero
Masiku ano, pali mbalame pafupifupi 100,000. Ziwombankhanga zokhala ndi miyendo yoyera sizisowa kwenikweni ku Thailand ndi madera ena a Southeast Asia. Pali ambiri aiwo pachilumba cha Kangaroo ku South Australia. Oimira nyamazo adavutika kwambiri mkati mwa zaka zana zapitazi kuchokera ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe anali ogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri paulimi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kunakwaniritsidwa mu 1973, ndipo anasiya mu 1989. Chithunzi cha mbalame yolusa chili pa imodzi mwa zikalata zaku Singapore, zomwe zidayamba kufalitsidwa mu February 1980.
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Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera (lat. Haliaeetus leucogaster) ndi wa banja la Achimuna (Accipitridae). Mbalame yodyedwa yamtunduwu imakhala ndi chodabwitsa kukuwa usiku. Amakhala phokoso kwambiri mwezi wathunthu. Palibe kulongosola kotsimikizika kwa chizolowezi chotere.
Malinga ndi a Malay, akulira amachenjeza oyster, ma mussels, scallops ndi nyama zina zamkati zam'mimba zam'mimba ndikuyamba kutuluka. Ku Malaika, wowombayo wokhala ndi ulusi amatchedwa burung hamba siput, lomwe limatanthawuza "mbalame ya nkhono" ku Russia.
Mtunduwu udafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1788 ndi wolemba zachilengedwe waku Germany a Johann Friedrich Gmelin wotchedwa Falco leucogaster.
Kufalitsa
Malo okhala amachokera ku Indochina kupita kumadera a m'mphepete mwa South Australia ndi Tasmania. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi timiyala tambiri timapezeka pansi pakatikati pa dziko lonse lapansi komanso kuzilumba zam'nyanja.
Mitundu imakhala yokhazikika komanso malo, koma ngati pangafunike, imatha kusuntha kwakutali. Amakonda madera okhala anthu ochepa ndipo amayesetsa kupewa kucheza ndi anthu.
Nthawi zambiri, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera imakhala m'ming'alu yosatheka kufikako yomwe ili pakamwa pa mitsinje kapena m'mphepete mwa nyanja. M'madera okwera, amapezeka pamalo okwera mpaka 1,500 m, ndipo ku Sulawesi ngakhale pamalo okwanira 1,700 m.
Mitunduyi ndi yodziwika bwino; masanjidwe ake sakudziwika.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa amuna amuna ndi masentimita 66-80, ndipo akazi 80-90 cm.C kulemera kwake, ndi 1.8-3 kg ndi 2.5-4 kg. Wingspan 178-220 cm. Zitsanzo zazikulu kwambiri zimapezeka kumwera kwa masambawo. Akuluakulu, mutu, khosi, kutsogolo kwa msana ndi m'mimba zimakhala zoyera. Nthenga zake zimakhala zakuda kapena zakuda. Mu mbalame zazing'ono, zolaula zofiirira zimakhala, zomwe zimazimiririka pazaka 4-5 pambuyo pa kutha.
Mlomo ndi wamphamvu, wometedwa, wokhazikika, wakuda kumapeto komanso wowala m'munsi. Miyendo yopanda ubweya yopaka utoto wamtambo. Zovala zamphamvu ndizakuda. Mchirawo ndi wopindika.
Kutalika kwa moyo kwa chiwombankhanga choyera kuthengo kuli pafupifupi zaka 20.
Zizindikiro zakunja za chiwombankhanga choyera.
Chiwombankhanga choyera chimakhala ndi kukula: 75 - 85 cm.Wingspan: kuchokera 178 mpaka 218 cm.C kulemera: 1800 mpaka 3900 magalamu. Zowonjezera zamutu, khosi, m'mimba, ntchafu ndi nthenga za mchira wa distal ndi zoyera. Kumbuyo, kuphimba mapiko, nthenga zoyambirira za mapiko, ndi nthenga zazikulu za mchira zimatha kukhala zakuda mpaka zakuda. Iris ndi yakuda, pafupifupi yakuda. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimakhala ndi mulomo wawukulu, waimvi, wokutira, womwe umatha ndi mbewa yakuda. Miyendo yayifupi kwenikweni imasowa nthenga, mtundu wake umasintha kuchoka pa imvi yowoneka kukhala mtundu wa zonona. Zovala zake ndizazikulu komanso zakuda. Mchirawo ndi waufupi, wopindika.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa (Haliaeetus leucogaster)
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimawonetsa zithunzi zakugonana, zazikazi ndizokulirapo pang'ono kuposa zazimuna. Eagle wamwamuna wamba ndi wamtundu wa 66 mpaka 80 cm, wokhala ndi mapiko a 1.6 mpaka 2.1 m, ndipo wolemera kuyambira 1,8 mpaka 2.9 kg, pomwe avareji mwa akazi amachokera ku 80 mpaka 90 cm kutalika kuyambira 2.0 mpaka 90 2.3 m mapiko ndi kulemera kwa 2,5 mpaka 3,9 kg.
Ziwombankhanga zazing'ono zokhala ndi mbewa zokhala ndi mtundu wina kuposa mbalame zazikulu. Amakhala ndi mutu wokhala ndi nthenga za kirimu, kupatula kumaso kwa bulauni kumbuyo kwa maso. Nthenga zotsalazo ndi zofiirira zakuda ndi nsonga za kirimu, kupatula nthenga zoyera kumunsi kwa mchira. Utoto wa chiwombankhanga wachikulire umawonekera pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono, nthenga zimasintha mitundu yawo, ngati nsalu. Utoto wotsiriza umayikidwa pazaka 4-5. Chiwombankhanga chaching'ono chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera nthawi zina chimasokonezedwa ndi chiwombankhanga cha ku Australia. Koma zimasiyana kwa iwo ndi mutu komanso mchira wautoto, komanso mapiko akuluakulu, mbalame zooneka.
Habitats of the White-belled Eagle.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zilumba. Amapanga magulu awiriawiri, omwe amakhala gawo lonselo chaka chonse. Monga lamulo, mbalame zimakhala pamwamba pa mitengo kapena imawulukira pamwamba pa mtsinje m'malire a malo awo. Ziwombankhanga zokhala ndi mbewa zoyera zimawulukira patsogolo pang'ono, zikuyang'ana malo otseguka. Derali likakhala lamatabwa kwambiri, monga ku Borneo, mbalame zodya nyama sizilowa pamtunda woposa makilomita 20 kuchokera kumtsinje.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa (Haliaeetus leucogaster) ku zoo
Zomwe zikuchitika pa chiwombankhanga choyera.
Masana, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa chimakwera m'mwamba kwambiri kapena pakati pa mitengo yomwe ili pamatanthwe pafupi ndi mtsinje, pomwe mbalame zimakonda kusaka.
Dera lokasaka la chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi timiyala tating'ono ndi laling'ono, ndipo cholusa, monga lamulo, chimagwiritsanso ntchito abusawo, tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zambiri pofunafuna nyama, iye amatamira kumadzi ndi kuwolowera, ndikuwulula iye. Pamenepa, kulumphira m'madzi okhala ndi ma splashes akuluakulu kumawoneka kochititsa chidwi. Chiwombankhanga choyera chimasaka njoka zam'madzi zomwe zimakwera pamwamba kuti zipume. Njira yosaka iyi ndi mtundu wa nyama yomwe ili ndi mbewa ndipo imachitidwa kuchokera kumtunda waukulu.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa (Haliaeetus leucogaster) chikuuluka
Kudya Mphungu Zoyera-Woyera.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi timiyala tambiri timadyera nyama zam'madzi monga nsomba, akambuku ndi njoka zam'nyanja. Komabe, zimagwiranso mbalame ndi zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi. Awa ndi asaka, aluso kwambiri komanso okalamba, amatha kugwira nyama yayikulu kwambiri, mpaka kukula kwa buluzi. Amadyanso zovalazo, kuphatikiza mitembo ya ana a nkhosa kapena zotsalira za nsomba zakufa zomwe zatsala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Amatenganso chakudya kuchokera kwa mbalame zina zikagwira nyama. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimasaka chokha, awiriawiri kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Malo otetezedwa ndi chiwombankhanga choyera.
Mphungu yokhala ndi mbewa yoyera ku IUCN imatchulidwa ngati mtundu wocheperako wopanda nkhawa ndipo ili ndi mbiri yapadera ku CITES.
Mtunduwu umatetezedwa ndi lamulo ku Tasmania.
Chiwerengero chonsechi ndizovuta kuyerekezera, koma akukhulupirira kuti ali pakati pa 1,000 ndi 10,000 anthu. Chiwerengero cha mbalame chikucheperachepera chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa anthu, kuwombera, poyizoni, kutayika kwa malo chifukwa cha kudula mitengo komanso, mwina, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Chiwombankhanga choyera chayandikira kuti chikhale mtundu wosavutikira. Kuti atetezeke, malo omwe amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mosavomerezeka amapangidwa m'malo omwe zisa zachilengedwe. Mwina njira zoterezi zitha kuchepetsa nkhawa za kubereka ana awiriawiri, ndikuletsa kuchuluka kwa mbalame.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Msonkho
Mphungu yoyera-yoyera idayamba kufotokozedwa ndi katswiri wazachilengedwe waku Germany Johann Friedrich Gmelin mchaka cha 1788, ngakhale a John Lat adalemba zolemba mu 1781, kuchokera patsamba lomwe linapezedwa mu February 1780 pa Princess Island kuchokera kumadzulo kwa Cape Java paulendo womaliza wa Captain Cook. Dzinalo lenileni limachokera ku Greek wakale leuko “Zoyera”, Gaster "Belly." Wachibale wake wapamtima ndiye chiwombankhanga chodziwika kwambiri ku Sanford wochokera ku Solomon Islands. Amapanga ma supraspecies, ndipo, monga momwe zimakhalira nthawi zina mu michere ina ya chiwombankhanga, imodzi (mpira wa mutu-yoyera) imakhala ndi mutu woyera, mosiyana ndi mutu wakuda wa mitundu ina. Mlomo ndi maso ndi amdima, ndipo zipere ndi zachikaso zakuda, monga ziwombankhanga zonse za kunyanja kum'mwera. Mitundu yonseyi imakhala ndi utoto m'miyara, ngakhale sizioneka bwino nthawi zonse ku chiwombankhanga choyera. M'magawo a cyotchrome b, mitundu ya ziwombankhanga ziwiri zam'madzi zinali zina mwa zomwe zasanthulidwa mu kafukufuku wa 1996. Ngakhale kuti amasiyana kwambiri maonekedwe ndi zachilengedwe, kusiyanasiyana kwa majini awo a 0.3% kukuwonetsa kuti makolo a mitundu iwiriyi mwina adasokonekera, monga momwe analiri zaka 150,000 zapitazo. Olembawo amafufuza kuti ngakhale kusiyanasiyana kwa ma genetic kumakhala kogwirizana ndi ma subspecies, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe kumapangitsa kuti awiriwa asungidwe monga mitundu yosiyana. Kufufuza kwa mitochondrial ya cytochrome b locus ndi kosiyana pang'ono ndi chiwombankhanga cha panyanja cha Sanford, komwe kumapereka kusiyanasiyana kwaposachedwa pambuyo pa New Guinea-A, chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera kolowera ku Solomon Islands.
Kugwirizana kwa chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera kunja kwa chiwombankhanga cha Sanford sikumveka pang'ono .. Umboni wa maselo akusonyeza kuti ndi amodzi mwa mitundu inayi ya chiwombankhanga cham'malo otentha (limodzi ndi nsomba za chiwombankhanga cha ku Africa ndi nsomba ku Malawi ya Malawi. china chake chomwe chingakhale ndi ubale wapafupi ndi ziwombankhanga za kunyanja chakumpoto. Kafukufuku wina wopezeka mu 2005 adawonetsa mbewa zoyera za Sanford ndi chiwombankhanga cham'madzi kukhala zopanda nsomba zinayi zankhondo (ziwiri zomwe zatchulidwazi, kuphatikiza mitundu iwiri yosadziwikabe ya mtunduwu Ichthyophaga ).
Komanso chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera komanso chiwombankhanga choyera, mayina ena ojambulidwa akuphatikizapo osprey oyera, chiwombankhanga, ndi chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi imvi.
Kugawa ndi malo okhala
White-belided Eagle imapezeka nthawi zonse kuyambira ku Mumbai (nthawi zina kumpoto mpaka Gujarat, ndipo m'mbuyomu ku zilumba za Lakshadvip) kum'mawa ku India, Bangladesh ndi Sri Lanka ku South Asia, kudutsa m'mphepete mwa Southeast Asia konse, kuphatikiza Burma, Thailand , Malaysia, Indonesia, Indochina, zilumba zikuluzikulu komanso zam'mphepete mwa Philippines komanso kumwera kwa China, kuphatikiza Hong Kong, Hainan ndi Fuzhou, kum'mawa kudzera ku New Guinea ndi zisumbu za Bismarck ndi Australia. Kumpoto kwa Solomoni, imamangidwa ndi chilumba cha Nissan, ndipo malo ena ndi Sanford Sea Eagle. Ku Victoria, komwe kuli kochepa, kumapezeka kwambiri ku Corner Inlet ndi Gippsland Lakes. Momwemonso, ku South Australia, ochulukirapo kwambiri pagombe lakumpoto kwa chilumba cha Kangaroo. Gawo limafikira kuzilumba za Bass ndi Tasmanian Strait, ndipo adaganiza kuti amatha kuyenda pakati pa zilumbazi ndi kumtunda. Pali malo amodzi osatsimikizika kuchokera ku Lord Howe Island ndi angapo ochokera ku New Zealand.
Zimakhala zodziwika bwino m'malo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso zimatha kuwonekeranso bwino kumtunda (Izi zadziwika kuti malo osungirako nyama a Panna m'chigawo chapakati cha India, pafupifupi mailosi chikwi (621 miles) kuchokera kunyanja) Chiwombankhanga choyera chimakhala chantchito moyo komanso malo, ngakhale amatha kuyenda mtunda wautali. Adatinso akuyenda pamtsinje kukasaka nkhandwe ( Pteropus ) M'dziko la Australia anthu ambiri amayenda mozungulira madzi am'madzi akayamba kuuma. Nthawi ina, banjali lidayamba kuswana pa Nyanja ya Albacutya kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Victoria chifukwa nyanjayo idalibe zaka 30. Mitundu imasokonezeka mosavuta ndi anthu, makamaka ikakhala ndi chisa ndipo chifukwa cha izi imatha. Imapezeka m'malo ochulukirapo osavulaza kapena kusokoneza anthu.
Kuswana
Nyengo yoswana imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi malo, zinajambulidwa nthawi yachilimwe m'chigawo cha Trans-Fly komanso m'chigawo chapakati cha Papua New Guinea, komanso kuyambira Juni mpaka Ogasiti ku Australia. Mbidzi zoyera ziwiri za chiwombankhanga zimachita chiwonetsero mwaluso zikuwuluka musanayerekeze: kudumphira pansi, kuthamangitsa ndikuthamangitsa wina ndi mnzake pakulankhula mokweza. Amatha kuunikirana wina ndi mnzake, ndikuwuluka patadutsa 2-3 m (6.6-9,8 ft) ndikutsata wina ndi mnzake ndikubwera. Kuwonetsedwa kwa ziboliboli - komwe awiriwo amawuluka kwambiri asanagwere pansi ndikuyesera kugwirana ndi zolakwika za mnzake ndi zake. Ngati zikuyenda bwino, kuyenda pansi kwamatayala awiri kutsogolo kwa chipinda kuyandikira pansi. Khalidweli lalembedwanso ngati chiwonetsero chankhanza polimbana ndi chiwombankhanga chosanja.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera nthawi zambiri chimatola mitengo yayitali kapena ma pyloni opangidwa ndi anthu kuti azikhalamo. Nthawi zambiri malo amafufuzidwa komwe kuli mtengo wakufa kapena nthambi yayitali yokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati tambala kukafufuza malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala, pafupi ndi madzi omwe amakhala ndi chivundikiro chamitengo. Perch imakutidwa ndi ndowe ndi zimbudzi komanso zinyalala za zinyalala. Chidacho chimakhala chakuya kwambiri m'mbale yopangidwa ndi timitengo ndi timitengo, ndipo chokhala ndi zinthu ngati udzu kapena algae. Kukonzanso pachaka kumabweretsa zisa kukhala pang'onopang'ono. Nkhondo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'mafoloko a mitengo yayikulu ndikuwona matziwe. Zidutswa zakale za njoka yoyera kapena yoyimba mano zakonzedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Malo okhala ndi malo okhala malo abwino osambira, ndipo nthawi zina zisa za zisumbu zimamangidwa pansi. Mwamuna ndi mkazi wobereketsa, wamwamuna amakhala wotakataka, amakhala milungu itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi akumanga kapena kumanganso chisa asanaike dzira. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mazira awiri opusa, oyera, ozungulira. Kuyeza 73 x 55 mm, amadzilimbitsa kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi mpaka kuwaswa. Zomera zazing'ono ndi theka la anapiye, ndipo zokutidwa ndi oyera fluff zitatuluka dzira.Poyamba, zazimuna zimabweretsa chakudya ndipo zazikazi zimadyetsa anapiye, koma makolo onsewo amadyetsa anapiyewo akamakula. Ngakhale mazira awiri amaikidwa, sichachilendo kuti ana awiri azikula bwino mpaka kukhala zinyalala (kusiya muchisa). Dzira limodzi limatha kukhala losabereka, kapena mwana wankhuku wachiwiri akhoza kufa mchisa. Ngati kulumikizana koyamba kutayika, makolo akhoza kuyesanso ana. Nthochi zinajambulidwa zokhala ndi masiku 70 mpaka 80, ndi zina zonse kuzungulira gawo la makolo mpaka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, kapena mpaka nyengo yotsatira yobala.
Chakudya
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimadya nyama ndipo chimadya nyama zamitundumitundu, kuphatikizira zovunda. Nthawi zambiri amapeza nsomba, ndikuwuluka pamadzi ndikuzigwira m'malaya ake. Amakonzekera kumenyedwa, ndikugwira miyendo yake kutsogolo (pafupifupi pansi pa chibwano), kenako ndikumenya kwinaku akuwombera mapiko ake kuti am'nyamutse. Nthawi zambiri, phazi limodzi lokha ndi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira nyama. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimatha kudumphadumpha pang'ono mpaka madigiri 45 kuchokera kutalika kwake ndikupinda pansi pang'ono kuti chithe nsomba pafupi ndi madzi. Pomwe timasaka madzi masiku amasamba, nthawi zambiri imawulukira molunjika padzuwa kapena kumakona mbali yakumanjako, mwachionekere kuti tipewe kuponyera mithunzi pamwamba pamadzi, motero, kupewa.
Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chimadyera makamaka nyama zam'madzi monga nsomba, akambuku ndi njoka zam'nyanja, koma imalandira mbalame monga ma penguins ang'onoang'ono, zikho za ku Eurasian ndi petrels ndi anyani (kuphatikizanso nkhandwe zowuluka). Akuti chilumba cha Bismarck chikudya mitundu iwiri ya phenum, msuweni wamba wa kumpoto komanso wowoneka bwino. Uyu ndi mlenje wodziwa zambiri, ndipo adzaukira adaniwo mpaka kukula. Amadyetsanso zovunda, monga nkhosa zakufa, mbalame, ndi nsomba zomwe zimakhala m'mphepete mwa madzi, komanso kuthamangitsanso maukonde asodzi ndikutsatira okolola bango.
Amakhala ndi zida zazing'onoting'ono monga nkhokwe zotentha, njoka zokhala ndi muluzu, njoka za brahminy ndi ospreys, kuwakakamiza kukana chakudya chilichonse chomwe atenga. Mbalame zina zokuzunzidwa ndi monga siliva ndi pacific gull, cormorants, ndi boobies aku Australia. Pali cholembedwa chimodzi kuchokera ku chiwombankhanga choyera chamkati, chimagwira korona ngati sichinaphulepo kanthu. Amatha kuba zakudya zamtundu wawo, kuphatikizapo othandizira awo. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi mbewa yoyera chikuwombera mbalamezi, ndikuziwombera ndi matambalala kuchokera kumwamba kapena kuwuluka cham'munsi pansi pa chilombo chaching'ono ndikugwira nyama, nthawi yonseyo chikuwomba pansi. Zisindikizo zakumaso zakumwera zimayang'anidwanso ndi nsomba zawo.
Mphungu zoyera pamimba zimadya zokha, awiriawiri kapena m'mabanja. Mabanja atha kugwirira ntchito limodzi kusaka. Nyama imatha kudyedwa pomwe mbalameyo imawuluka, kapena ikafika pamalo ena ngati chisa. Chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi khungu loyera ndichovulala, momwe amadya. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwambiri pakudya chakudya chake, komanso kutulutsa timangapo tating'onoting'ono ta fupa lophwanyika, ubweya ndi nthenga.
2006 Kafukufuku wamkati wamadzi kuzungulira Canberra, pomwe mbewa yoyera ndi mbewa yoyera imagawana gawo lomwe limawonekera pang'ono mkati mwa nyama yomwe yatengedwa. Mphero yoyera-yoyera inatenga kalulu, ma macropod osiyanasiyana, mbalame yakumtunda monga cockatoo ndi parrot, komanso odutsa angapo, kuphatikizapo maula ndi nyenyezi. Ziwombankhanga zokhala ndi mbewa zoyera zokhala m'madzi, zopanda nyama, monga akamba am'mawa ataliitali komanso chinjoka chamadzi aku Australia, ndi mbalame zamadzi, monga abakha, ma grebes ndi ma cook. Mitundu yonseyi imasaka bakha wamamuna. Akalulu amapanga gawo laling'ono chabe la zakudya za chiwombankhanga choyera chamkati. Ngakhale zimakhazikika pafupi ndi inzake, mitundu iwiriyi siinayanjane, monga mtundu waching'ono wokhala ndi nsapato utasakira kutali ndi madzi ndipo chiwombankhanga choyera chimasaka m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Komabe, mkangano ndi t-yoyera-yoyera-yolumikizidwa pazomera za mitengo yojambulidwa idalembedwa ku Tasmania.
Australia
Mphungu Yoyera-Yokhala ndi Mndandanda walemba m'madzi ndi osamukasamuka magawo omwe amapereka udindo wake ngati otetezedwa pansi pa Australia Federal Environmental Protection Act ndi 1999 Biodiversity Conservation Act. Mitundu yambiri ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja, imakhala pachiwopsezo kuti ingawonongeke m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri okhala ku Australia, makamaka kumwera ndi kum'mawa kwa dzikolo, komwe zikuwoneka kuti zikuchepa. Komabe, pakhoza kukhala kuwonjezeka kwa anthu akudziko, chachiwiri pantchito yopanga zotsalira, madamu ndi zida, komanso kufalikira kwa carp yodziwika kale ( Cyprinus Carps ) Komabe, ndikosowa m'mphepete mwa Mtsinje wa Murray, pomwe nthawi zambiri unkadziwika. Yalembedwanso monga Kugwidwa motsogozedwa ndi Victoria Law of Warranty Flora and Fauna (1988), ndi ochepa osakwana 100 otsalira. Pa mndandanda wa alangizi a 2007 omwe ali pangozi ya vertebrate fauna ku Victoria, Chiwombankhanga cha White-listed kamalemba osatetezeka .
Pali mbalame zosakula zochepera 1000 ku Tasmania komwe mtunduwu umawerengedwa osatetezeka pansi pa Ndondomeko 3.1 Tasmania Law Endangered Species 1995. Ku Tasmania, izi zikuwopseza kuswana, kutayika kwa malo okhala malo abwino, kuwombera, poyizoni, kulanda ndi kugundana ndi zingwe zamagetsi ndi ma turbin amphepo, komanso kuwononga ndi kuwononga chilengedwe. M'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi malo omwe mumakonda, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala m'malo ozungulira chilengedwe. Ziwombankhanga zam'madzi zoyera zawonedwa kuti zikuwonjezera malo ake osaka kuphatikiza minda yama nsomba a nsomba, koma zomwe zimabweretsa izi pakubala bwino sizikudziwika.
Kufunika kwachikhalidwe
Mphungu Yoyera imakhala yofunikira kumitundu yosiyanasiyana ku Australia. Woyang'anira nyama kuchokera ku dera la Wreck Bay Aboriginal, ndi chizindikiro cha Buderi mdera la Jervis Bay. Gululi likuwona madera ozungulira Booderee National Park kukhala ogwirizana nawo. Dzinalo la ku Sydney linali gulbi , ndipo mbalameyo inali nambala ya Colebee, mtsogoleri wamapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 wa mbadwa za Cadigal. Mphungu yokhala ndi mbewa yoyera ndiyofunikira kwa anthu a mafuku a Mak Mak kumwera chakumadzulo kwa Darwin kumpoto kwa dera, omwe adazindikira kulumikizana kwake ndi "dziko labwino." Ndiye totem yawo ndipo imagwirizanitsidwa ndi dziko lawo. Nthawi Mak Mak Mayina awo ndi a mitundu yonse ndi paokha. Umbrawarra Gorge Nature Park anali maloto a mbalame m'dera lotchedwa Kuna-ngarrk-ngarrk . Zinali zofanizira anthu amtundu waku Tasmanian- Nairanaa linali dzina limodzi logwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepo.
Amadziwika monga Manulab kwa anthu aku chilumba cha Nissan, chiwombankhanga choyera chimawoneka kuti ndi chapadera ndipo chimamupha iye woletsedwa. Kuyimbira kwake usiku kumanenedwa kuti kumawonetsa zoopsa, ndipo kuwona gulu loitanira chiwombankhanga likuwuluka pamwamba ndi chizindikiro kuti winawake wamwalira. Nkhani za anthu amalava burung hamba siput amatanthauzira kuti "kapolo wa maolloll." Amayitanidwa Kaulo m'chinenedwe chomaliza cha Ake-Bo, chiwombankhanga choyera chakhala ngati kholo la mbalame zonse mu nthano imodzi ya Andaman Islands. Pa gombe la Maharashtra, dzina lawo ndi kakan ndipo mayitanidwe ake amatchedwa kuwonekera kwa nsomba mu nyanja. Nthawi zina zimadzala pamtengo wa kokonati. Eni mitengo amawononga chisa kuti asasokedwe akamakolola coconuts.
Mphungu yokhala ndi mbewa yoyera ikuwonetsedwa pachaka cha $ 10,000 cha Singapore, chomwe chidafalitsidwa pa 1 February, 1980. Ndi chizindikiro cha dziko la Malaysia ku Selangor. Malaika tycoon Loke Van Tho anali nsanja ya mamitala 40 (130 ft) yopangidwa ndi cholinga chokha chowonera chisa chamiyala yoyera m'minda yachifumu ya Istan Bukit Serene ku Johor Bahru. Yotengedwa muFebruary 1949, zithunzi zinapezeka Nkhani zowonetsedwa london mu 1954, mbalameyo ndi chisonyezero cha gulu la a Manly-Warringah Rugby, yomwe idasankhidwa pa chaka choyambira mu 1947. Kuyambira chaka cha 2010, ziwombankhanga zokhala ndi mbewa yoyera zakhala zikuyesa kubweretsa nkhuku zokhala ndi moyo pa EagleCam, ndi mafelemu owonetsera ku Birds Australia Discovery Center yapafupi ku Sydney Olympic Park, New South Wales. Atalera mwana m'modzi, komabe, chisa chawo chinagwa mu February 2011, nkhaniyi idakopa chidwi chonse m'chigawo chonse.