Ang'ono, osakulirapo kuposa tambala wathu wofiira (Prusaka), crustacean. Thupi lake lakhota. Bokoplav amakonda madzi oyera, oyenda ndipo chifukwa chake amapezeka makamaka m'madziwe oyera, nyanja ndi mitsinje yokhala ndi dothi lamchenga kapena louma. Chosangalatsa chambiri, chotchedwa crustacean chimasunga pafupifupi nthawi zonse pansi pamtunda masamba ndi kusambira m'mbali, chifukwa chake ili ndi dzina - amphipod. Pomwe akusambira, sasunthanso moyenerera, koma ndikudumphadumpha, zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chakuti thupi lake lalikulu siloyenda ndi miyendo, koma mchira wake, womwe amawakanikiza, kenako amalume.

Kusambira kumafuna kudziwa zambiri, koma kudumpha kwam'madzi ndi chidwi makamaka ngati utachotsa madzi. Kenako mu imodzi yomwe idagwa imadumphira m'mbuyo kudutsa m'madzi momwemonso, titero, timakumbukira kudumphadumpha kwa nkhanu, zomwe amati zimapanga fathoms 2-3. Mchira, mothandizidwa ndi momwe amphibian amapangira kudumpha kumeneku, samapitirira, koma ali ndi magawo 7, omwe lirilonse, kupatula komaliza, ali ndi miyendo yabodza.

Mwa awa, awiriawiri am'mbuyo amakhala osasunthika, ndipo atatu kunja kwake, m'malo mwake, amayenda mosasunthika, akukankha madzi kumankhwala opuma omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi timapepala mpaka kumapazi a thupi (izi ndizosavuta kuwona pamene crustacean igona). Kuyenda uku kumakhala kwamphamvu, mpweya wochepa m'madzi, chifukwa ma amphipod amapuma kwambiri, amafunikira kukonzanso mpweya, ndipo amafa mwachangu m'madzi omwe sanatsukidwe ndi zomerazo. Chifukwa chofunikanso kupumira, ma amphipods, kamodzi mgulu lonyamulira kapena aquarium yokhala ndi madongosolo athyathyathya, samalani nthawi yomweyo pamadzi.

Akazi amphipodi amasiyana ndi aimuna akamakula pang'ono, ndipo amavala mazira ake m'mimba mpaka ana atatuluka tating'onoting'ono. Pakufunika nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti amasulidwe omaliza asanakonzekerebe, koma osachepera milungu iwiri kapena itatu. Mwambiri, ili ndi funso losangalatsa lomwe lingakhale bwino kulipenda. Pakusiya mazira, ma amphipod samatambasulira, koma kukhalabe, ngati mwana wamkhonje, pansi pa m'mimba mwa amayi ndikuwoneka, ngati nkhuku, kuti mutetezedwe.

Amphipod amakhala pansi pamadzi osaya, koma osasamba kwamadzi, mwina pansi pamiyala ikuluikulu komanso zidutswa zamatabwa, amadyera makamaka pamtengo komanso nthawi yophukira, mwachitsanzo, amaziluma masamba atagwera m'madzi. Mukakweza mwalawo mwala womwe amakhala momwemo, timawapeza omwe ali ndi anthu ambiri, ang'ono ndi akulu, osakanizika pamiyeso yoyipa. Koma akangozindikira kuti asokonezedwa, nthawi yomweyo amabalalika mbali zonse kuti abisala kumbuyo kwa chinthu chomwe adakumana nacho. Iwo a iwo omwe adapitilira kutsatira mwala wochotsedwa, kuti akwaniritse gawo la chipulumutso, yesetsani kudzipulumutsa ku iwo ndi mayendedwe okhazikika amiyala, kutsata mbali mwa njira, koma osalumpha tanthauzo lenileni la mawu. Ngati alephera kuthana ndi mwalawo, ndiye kuti zotumphukira zake ziwuma posachedwa, makamaka padzuwa, chifukwa chake chikhumbo chofuna kudzipatula posachedwa chiyenera kufunidwa osati chifukwa chakuopa kuchokera kwa mdani amene akubwera, koma makamaka, pakuwopa kwawo. Ngati ayikidwa mchombo, ndiye kuti choyambirira ndi kupeza malo amdima pansi pa pepala kapena miyala.

Ma Amphipod nthawi zina amawonetsa luso. Kamba ka kabodzi kakang'ono atawabzala, pamenepo, pakuwona kuwopsa, adabisala ndipo adakhala masiku awiri osasunthika mpaka atakatulutsa catfish, ndipo atachotsedwa, adasambiranso mosasamala.

The amphipod, yotengedwa m'mitsinje, imasungidwa bwino m'madzi ndipo imakhala movutikira kwa sabata, ambiri, koma otengedwa m'madziwe, makamaka ndi njira yaying'ono, amakhala bwino.

Atakonza botolo motere, wokonda kwambiri anthu ochepa am'madzi, Dr. A. N. Serebrennikov, anaikamo ma amphipod angapo otengedwa mu Nyanja ya Kosinskoye ndipo, ndikuphimba ndi galasi, anayiyika pawindo ladzuwa. Nyenyesazo adazigwiritsa ntchito ngati chakudya, kapena ngakhale mkate woyera wokha, womwe amawatsitsa pachingwe kawiri pa sabata.

Ndipo kunali kofunikira kuwona, akutero, momwe amphipods adadziponyera pachotupa cha mkate ndipo, atachiphatikiza mbali zonse, adachikoka, ndikuchikoka, ndikugubuduza, ndikudya. Nthawi yonse yomwe amapuma amapindika, kapena kukhathamiritsa ndi kuzungulira mbali zina pansi, ndikukulika zala za mchenga ndi zoloza kumaso, kapena mwadzidzidzi kukwera m'mwamba, kufotokozera maphompho atasuntha.

Miyezi iwiri itatha, atayika ma amphipod mu mtsuko, S. adayamba kuzindikira kuti ena mwa iwo adayamba kusambira awiriawiri, ndipo mu khumi mwezi wa February gulu lonse la tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri tidadumpha mwadzidzidzi. 'Sizikudziwika kuti mwana akabadwa ali mwana ali kuti. Atatuluka mu gazebo wawo wobiriwira, anawo nthawi yomweyo adakwera m'mbuyo ndikusambira kunja kokha ngati awopa chilichonse kapena wina aliyense. Zikuwoneka kuti, adapeza kumeneko chakudya chofunikira kapena kungobisala kuzunza kwa makolo awo adyera.

Kuchokera pakuwonera kwina, zidapezeka kuti kuchuluka kwa ana obadwa ku banki kunali pafupifupi 12. The mwachangu adakula, malinga ndi C, mwachangu, adakhetsa khungu lawo lonse, monga khansa zina, ndipo pang'onopang'ono adakhala ofanana kukula kwa akulu.

Mwa izi, sikuti aliyense wakula. Ena mwa iwo adamwalira, mwina kudyedwa ndi makolo awo, ndi gawo lina la kutentha, popeza onse sangathe kuyimitsa kutentha ndikufa chifukwa chochuluka. Poletsa miliri, S. anawonjezera madzi ozizira, omwe anawatsitsimutsa, ndikuphimba botolo ndi kuwala ndi pepala kuchokera kumwamba. Kuphatikiza apo, pakuwombera kwakukuru, adabisamo mosangalala, kubisala ku kuwala kwa dzuwa, zomwe sizinali zabwino kwa iwo. Kudya nyama yowola, nyama zakuthambo zimakonda kudya nyama zowola, nyama ndi nyama zonse, motero ndimakonzedwe abwino kwambiri. Kudya izi, zimakula msanga ndipo zimakula. Amakonda kwambiri nyongolotsi zazing'ono, zomwe ma amphibians nthawi zambiri zimawombera ndi kupera zidutswa.

Kufupi ndi Moscow, kuchuluka kwa ma amphipods kumasiyanitsidwa ndi Svyatoye Ozero2 ku Kosin (motsatira Mosk. Kaz. Railway). Ma amphipod awa amapezeka pano ochulukirapo ndipo amapezeka makamaka m'mphepete mwa chomera, duckweed, elodea, komanso pansi pa madambo omwazikana pafupi ndi gombe. Madzi a ku Kosin ndi oyera kwambiri, amawonekera komanso nthaka ndi yoyera bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, zipolopolo zinakumana ndi ine mu mtsinje. Kuphunzira m'mudzi wa Listvyany

Amphipods, monga momwe amanenera, amapanga chakudya chabwino kwambiri cha protein, chomwe, monga mukudziwa, sichilandira chakudya chakufa konse, ndipo ngati chimadya zonyansa, sichilola kwenikweni. Kusambira pafupi ndi Proteus, amphipods amatulutsa thukuta lake ndipo potero amulola nyama yakhunguyi kudziwa za kukhalapo kwake ..

Kodi amphipod amakhala kuti?

Shrimp amphipod ndi ambiri. Mitundu ina ya nsomba zazinkhanira zosiyanasiyana zimakhala m'nyanja. Pali mitundu yamitundu ina ya khansa yotchedwa whale nsabwe.

Amasonkhana m'magulu akuluakulu pachinsomba ndikudya khungu lawo. Nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zilonda zamkati. Mbawala za Whale, mosiyana ndi ma crustaceans ena parasitic, alibe magawo oyenda momasuka. Tizilombo timadutsa kuchokera ku chinsomba china kupita ku chimzimu chimatulutsidwa, ndipo chimapatsiridwa kwa ana awo kuchokera kwa amayi awo ndi mkaka.

Amphipod ndi ochepa kwambiri.

M'madzi oyera mitundu ya amphipods ndizochepa. Pa Baikal pokha pali mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, pafupifupi mitundu 240 ya crustaceans imakhalamo, ndipo imangopezeka mu nyanjayi. Ma Amphipod samasinthidwa kukhala ma crustaceans.

Nthawi zambiri ma crustaceanswa amagona mbali zawo, mumchenga pafupi ndi madzi. Nthawi zina amapanga phokoso lalikulu, ndipo anthu ena nthawi zina amalumpha kuchokera m'khamu. Munthu kapena nyama yayikulu ikuyandikira, akhungubwi amayamba kudumpha ngati utitiri, ndikumatula mchenga ndi miyendo yawo ndi m'mimba.

Masana, ntchentche zam'madzi zimakhala pansi pamiyala kapena pansi pa algae atagona pagombe, ndipo usiku zimasuntha mwachangu ndikuyenda kumtunda ndikuyang'ana algae wakufa yemwe amadya. Ma crustaceans amphipod amapuma ndi ma gill, motero amatha kumakhala m'malo opanda chinyezi. Pazilumba za Commander, amatha nthawi yozizira pamwamba pa nyanja, pansi pa chipale chofewa, akugwera mozungulira.

Amphipod amakhala ndi moyo wa parasitic.

Mphamvu za Amphipod

Nthaka zam'madzi zimatha kuyenda mozungulira dzuwa. Akatswiri adachita chidziwitso cha sayansi: adayika nthata zam'madzi mkati mwa chotengera chowonekera, malo otsalawo adagawidwa m'magulu, ndipo patapita kanthawi onse oyang'anira crustaceans adapeza m'gululo lomwe limayang'ana kunyanja (malinga ndi kampasi). Ndikusintha kuti ora lililonse ora la nyanja limasunthira mbali inayake kufikira dzuwa, ndipo usiku kuyenda kwawo kumadalira komwe mwezi umakhala.

Ma Shrimp amphipod amatha kuyenda mumdima. Nthaka zam'nyanja zomwe zimakhala m'malo osiyanasiyana m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimatha kuyenda molumikizana ndi dzuwa mbali zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi mawonekedwe am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kugwirizana pakati pa kayendedwe ka kusunthika ndi kusintha kwa ngodya pakati pa gwero lounikira kungaonedwe ngati umboni wa kukhalapo kwa "wotchi yachilengedwe" yomwe imakhudza mkhalidwe wa thupi.

Chipolactacean amphipod ichi chili ndi kukula kwa mamilimita awiri okha.

Maluso osazolowereka amakhala ndi ma amphibian hyperiopsis omwe amakhala mwakuya. Nsagwada zake zili ndi mawonekedwe asymmetric, pomwe nsagwada zamanzere ndizokulirapo kuposa kumanja. Kudzanja lamanzere kululu kwakutupa, mbali yake yamkati imakhala ndi mano osalongosoka, ndipo gawo lakunja lili ndi mawonekedwe a convex ndipo limapanganso tinthu totsegulira. Mano amapezekanso pakatikati pa nsagwada yakumanja, pomwe crustacean imadutsa mano a nsagwada yakumanzere, zomwe zimapangitsa kulira. Hyperiopsis imagwiritsa ntchito kuthekera kuti athe kusonkhana m'magulu amdima wathunthu. Ndipo ma amphipod amtundu wina wogwirizana amagwiritsa ntchito luso kuti akope akazi.

Ma amphipod ambiri amatha kukumba pansi ndikuthamanga kwa mphezi. Pochita izi, amapaka tinyanga tchetchete mumchenga, ndipo amaukoka ndi miyendo yowoneka bwino, kwinaku akugwiritsa miyendo yogwira kutaya nthaka. Amphibians amagwira ntchitoyi mwachangu kwambiri. Kutha kumeneku kwathandizira kufalikira kwa ma amphipod kuchokera kunyanja kukakwera mitsinje, chifukwa mchenga sukulola zomwe zilipo kuti anyamule pansi. Chifukwa chake, ma amphipod crustaceans amafalikira ku Volga mpaka kumapeto kwenikweni. Adalowa mu Volga kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Caspian.

Ma Amphipod amatha kubisala pompopompo pansi popanda ngozi.

Mitundu yambiri ya amphipods ndi omnivores. Amadyetsa nyama zakufa komanso zam'madzi zam'madzi, nyama zotsalira, zowola. Chakudya chamtundu wina chimaluma mothandizidwa ndi mbola ndikufewetsa. Nsagwada zimalepheretsa tinthu ting'onoting'ono tambiri kuti tisagwere m'madzi. Ma crustaceans ena amadya pogwiritsa ntchito luso lotha kusefa. Madziwo akachoka pagombe, utoto wa m'madzi umakhala mumchenga, umatulukira kutsogolo kwa thupi. Nthaka ikavumbulidwa, crustaceans imakumba kotheratu. Izi zimachitika ndi funde lililonse latsopano.

Ma Amphipod ndi ofunikira zachilengedwe, chifukwa mitundu yambiri ya nsomba imadya pa iwo, kuphatikizapo otsatsa. Mu Nyanja ya Azov ndi Nyanja ya Caspian, nsomba zamphongo ndi ana ochepa a sturgeon amadya crustaceans, ku Far East amadyedwa ndi ma toround, m'madzi oyera, trout, ndi mitsinje yakumpoto, om, muksuna ndi vendace. Ma crustaceanswa amalowetsedwa mnyumba zosungira zatsopano kuti achulukitse nsomba.

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