Munkhalango za Amazonia, asayansi apeza mbalame yomwe imatha kufuula mosavuta ndege. Wosintha wamisamba umodzi "adzaimba" ndi omwe adatsogola, ngwazi pakati pa mbalame zokulira - chofunda chofunda. Phokoso la ringer linali 9 decibels olimba kuposa momwe liwu limakhalira, mtolankhani wa tvbrics.com amatchula za nplus1.ru.

Makamaka, mbiri yotsuka ndiye yotsimikizidwa ndi katswiri wazamanyama waku America Jeffrey Podos. Iye, pamodzi ndi mnzake wakuBrazil, Mario Con-Havt, adapita kunkhalango za Amazon kuti akafanane ndikuimba ndi wachibale wake, yemwe anali wolimbirana belu. Mwa njira, asayansi anali ndikukayikira kuti kukankha sikunali ngwazi, tsopano pali umboni.

Akatswiri a Ornithologists anayeza kuchuluka kwa birdong pogwiritsa ntchito mita yolira. Ndipo ringer anapeza mitundu iwiri ya nyimbo: yodziwika kale, matalikidwe ake ndi ofanana ndi piha (108 ndi 116 dB, motsatana). Koma yachiwiriyo, yomwe imachitika kamodzi pa sikisi, imakhala yokwezeka kwambiri: avareji ya 116 dB, komanso okwera 125 dB.

Poyerekeza ndi mawu ena, voliyumu yotchetchera kapinga ndi 90 dB, ndipo injini ya ndege ndi 120. Zotsatira zake zidapangitsa kuti belu limodzi lizipukusa mbalame yomwe ili mokweza kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Kodi Ringer amatha bwanji kuimba ndi mphamvu zotere? Asayansi anena kuti chinthu chonsecho chili momwe amapangidwira pakamwa: iye, monga mbalame zambiri zochokera kubanja lomwelo, ali ndi kamwa yotakata kwambiri. Ndipo izi ndizomwe zimamuthandizira kuti asangodya zipatso zazikulu zokha, komanso zimathandizira kuti aziyimba: belu ringer limameza mpweya wambiri ndipo mwadzidzidzi limataya.

Asayansi apeza chinthu chimodzi: kuchuluka kwa ringer kumalumikizidwa ndi nthawi yayitali ya chizindikirocho. Nyimbo zotulutsa kwambiri ndizofupikirapo kuposa masiku onse, zovala za ringer zimatha kutalika kwa nyimboyo chifukwa cha voliyumu. Ndipo kotero "choyimbira" ndimatsuka chimakhala chachikazi. Amayimba pamaso pa akazi, kuyesera kuwonjezera mwayi kuti azindikiridwe.

Madona okhala ndi zina nthawi zina amatha kudumpha kuchokera kwa abambo, ndipo kuchuluka kwa nyimbo ya amuna, malinga ndi asayansi, kumatha kumuwopseza kuti azimva.

Mafunso Ofunikawasamalira

- Kodi nthomba zikuyenera kulandira katemera?
- Zovulaza kuchokera kwa veterinarians kupita ku parrots sizatero, - akutero Oleg Rosenberg, mphunzitsi ku Veterinary and Zoology Circle ku Little Academy of Science. - Ngati mbalameyo imakhala m'khola lotseguka ndipo ilumikizana ndi mbalame zakutchire, ndiye kuti mumasitolo muyenera kugula katemera wa matenda a chideru. Tengani muyezo umodzi, onjezerani mbalameyo ndi madzi. Katemera ayenera kuperekedwa kamodzi pachaka. Ngati phulayo amakhala m'nyumba, katemera safunika.

M'chilimwe, tsegulirani mbalameyi tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 20 kutsogolera kuwala kwa dzuwa, izi zithandiza kupewetsa zipatso zomwe zimapezeka chifukwa chosowa vitamini D.

- Momwe mungadyetsere mbalame?
- Parrots amadyetsedwa ndi chakudya chapadera, chomwe chimagulitsidwa m'masitolo a ziweto. Koma zokomera, chilichonse pachokha pano, muyenera kuyesa njira zosiyanasiyana kuti muwone zomwe chiweto chanu chimakonda. Ngati tizingolankhula zazing'onozing'ono, zina ngati mbewu, zina monga mapira ndi zipatso zouma, Mitundu yayikulu ya adore walnuts ndi zipatso.

Kwa mbalame zotchedwa zinkhweti atakhala nthawi yayitali mumakhola, mubweretse nthambi zamitengo ya zipatso (yamatcheri, yamatcheri, ma plums) ndi masamba omwe sanalandiridwe ndi chemistry ndi impso. Ziwonetserozo zimasenda impso ndi khungwa ndi kupera pakamwa pawo.

- Ndikupatsa madzi amtundu wanji?
- Yophika yophika.

- Mukufunikira nthawi yochuluka bwanji yopita ku mbalame?
“Osachepera ola limodzi patsiku.” Ngati muli ndi mbalame zingapo, ndiye ndi iliyonse ya izo muyenera kulumikizana mosiyana. Mapira ndi mbalame zamtendere. Ngati simukumakhala nawo nthawi yocheza nawo, komanso kokha nawo, osasokonezedwa ndi wina aliyense kuchokera kubanja, chiweto chanu chimatha kudwala.

- Kodi ndizotheka kupeza phala ngati mphaka wagula kale kunyumba?
- Ngati mungalole paroti wina kuti auluke, ndiye kuti chidzakhala cholinga cha mphaka. Kupatula ngati iwo atakulira limodzi. Poterepa, mphakayu udzaona budgie yemweyo ngati mkati wam'nyumba. Mphaka sidzathamangira ku mbalame zazikuluzo (jaco, amazon), chifukwa ndizazikulu ndipo zimatha kuvulaza.

- Kodi ndikuyenera kusamba parrot ndikuwasamalira?
- Kusamba mokakamira parrot sikofunikira. Ikani kusamba mu khola, ndipo mbalame ikafuna, ndiye kusamba. Nthenga zimafunikira kudula nsapato zawo. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi inu nokha kunyumba. Gulani clipper, lumo wamba sangathe kugwira ntchito, ndikuwonera maphunzirowa angapo pa intaneti. Zikuwonetseratu kuti mukufunika kudula mbali zingati.

- Momwe angatolere khola?
-Khola liyenera kukhala lalikulu kuti phala liziwuluka. Ndikofunikira kuti mbalame izitha kupanga kuchokera ku kuukira (malo komwe ikukhalamo) kupita kumapeto anayi a mapiko. Poterepa, minofu yamapiko imagwira ntchito bwino, parrot imakhala bwino nanu.

Ma parroti akulu, monga Jaco kapena Amazons, amafunikira malo ochulukirapo. Khola lomwe limayeza pafupifupi mita imodzi kuchokera pansi mpaka kudenga ndi loyenera.

- Kodi ndiyenera kutulutsa parrot kuti izawuluka panyumba?
- Parrot sayenera kuwuluka mozungulira nyumbayo nthawi zonse. Mu 90% ya milandu, kufa kwa mbalamezi kumachitika chifukwa amamasulidwa kuti aziyenda. Parrots samayendayenda pamtunda, akuuluka kunja kwa chimbudzi, amataika nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mutulutsa, tsekani mawindo m'chipindacho ndi makatani. Parrots nthawi zambiri amagunda galasi motsutsa mathamangitsidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, parrot imatha kukhala pakhomo, ndipo ngati itatseka chifukwa chokonzekera, mbalameyo imadina mawalo ake - onani kuti mwayitaya. Pomaliza, chiweto chanu chimatha kuwuluka kupita kukhitchini, kulowa mu msuzi wowira kapena mchere wambiri chifukwa cha chidwi, ndipo ndi chiphe cha mbalame.

Khalani okonzekera kuti ma parrote ayesa chilichonse pamlomo wawo: azikata pazenera, zokongoletsera, zingwe.

- Chingawopsezeni parrot?
- Palibe chifukwa choti mumugwire ndi miyendo, osamulola kuti asunthe. Mbalame imatha kufa ndi mantha. Kuuluka kwanyengo ndimawonekedwe abwinobwino, mwachilengedwe. Parrot ayenera kuona kuti nthawi iliyonse ikhoza kuuluka kuchoka pachiwopsezo. Ngati sichingalephereke, kuthamangitsa kwa adrenaline kumachitika, ndipo mtima sugwirizana.

Ngati parrot ija idawuluka mwadzidzidzi ndikukhala paphewa panu kapena kukanda, musasunthe. Simungathe kufuula, fundani mikono yanu. Izi zimadziwika kuti ndi zankhanza ndipo zimatha kuwopsa Pet.

Malo okwera. Mbiri ya nyama. Zojambula za mbalame

Mbalame ndi zolengedwa zokondweretsa, ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi nyama zina zonse, komanso ngakhale ndi inzake. Mbalame zina zimakhala pafupifupi moyo wawo wonse mlengalenga, zachiwiri zimakhala zopanda mapiko ndi nthenga ndipo zimatha kuthamanga pansi, pomwe zina zimangokonda gawo lamadzi.

Mbalame yayikulu kwambiri

Izi, zachidziwikire, ndi nthiwatiwa. Kukula kwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri ya nthiwatiwa zaku Africa kumafika mamita 2.80, kulemera kwa kilogalamu 170.

Mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri

Mbiriyi ndi ya hummingbird. Chovala chaching'ono kwambiri chotchepera kwambiri chimalemera magalamu 1.5 okha ndi kutalika kwa thupi pafupifupi 5 sentimita.

Mbalame yowuluka mwachangu kwambiri

Pakati pa mbalame zouluka, mtundu wa peregrine falcon sufanana. Poyenda mwachindunji, pereconine Falcon imatha kuthamanga mpaka 200 km / h, ndipo potchedwa kugwa pansi posaka, nyama yolusa yomwe ili ndi utoto imayamba kuthamanga mpaka 325 km / h. Mwa njira, peregrine falcon sikuti mbalame yothamanga kwambiri, komanso nyama yothamanga kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Mbalame yothamanga kwambiri
Mwina sichinsinsi kuti nthiwatiwa zimathamanga kwambiri pakati pa mbalame zonse. Amatha kuthamanga pa liwiro la 80 km / h. Ndi kuthamanga, gawo la nthiwatiwa imatha kufika mpaka mita 8 kutalika.

Mbalame yolemera kwambiri kuposa mbalame zonse
Pano, malo oyamba pakati pawo amagawidwa ndi bustard wamkulu waku Africa komanso duduk. Modabwitsa, mbalamezi zimalemera makilogalamu 18-20.

Mbalame yokhala motalika kwambiri

Phukusi lalikulu lachikasu lomwe linamangidwa limakhala zaka pafupifupi 80. Komabe, akukhulupirira kuti nthawi yachilengedwe, moyo wa parrot uyu ukhoza kukhala zaka zana kapena zingapo.

Masomphenya akuthwa kwambiri
Mbiri ya Peregrine Falcon yachiwiri. Mbalameyi imatha kuona bwino kwambiri kotero kuti imatha kuzindikira mbewa kuchokera pa mtunda wa makilomita 8.

Mapiko akulu kwambiri

Mbidzi yoyendayenda, chiwerengerochi ndi 3.6 mita. Andean Condor, wotsogolera banja la falcon, ndi 3 mita 20 sentimita pang'ono pang'ono.

Mlomo wautali kwambiri

Mlomo wa mulomo ndi mulomo wawutali kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kukula kwa thupi. Kutalika kwa mlomo wa mbalame yaying'ono imeneyi kumatha kufika 10 cm, kutalika konseku 15 cm, i.e. Mlomo wa nyama yolumikizidwa ndi nyama yotalikirapo nthawi ziwiri kuposa thupi.

Ndege yapamwamba kwambiri

Apa ndizovuta kwambiri kudziwa yemwe ali mpikisano weniweni mu gawo ili. M'milandu yodziwika bwino, malo oyamba ali mwa mtundu wa Rippel, mbalameyi idawuluka pamtunda woposa makilomita 11.

Mbalame yokongola kwambiri

Cuban Todi amadya tizilombo tambirimbiri tsiku lililonse, zomwe kulemera kwake kumakhala pafupifupi 60-65% ya kulemera kwa mbalameyo.

Mbalame yowuluka mothamanga kwambiri kapena chiwerengero chachikulu chamikwapuro pamphindi
Mbira yokhala ndi buluu, mbalame ina yotulutsa timadzi touluka, imapanga mapiko 80 sekondi imodzi.

Mbalame yoyandama bwino kwambiri

Ma penguins ndizosambira zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Emperor penguin amaoneka wamphamvu kuposa mitundu ina - amasambira mothamanga 36 km / h, ndikuti ambiri amatha kulowa pansi mpaka pakuya pafupifupi mita 500.

Mbalame yolimba kwambiri

Bakha wakunyumba amatha kupirira kutentha kwa -110 degrees Celsius. Izi zimapangitsa kuti isakhale membala wopilira kwambiri wa banja lokhala ndi thukuta, komanso nyama yokhazikika nthawi yonse.

Mbalame yolira kwambiri

Mtendere wa ku India umalira mokweza kwambiri (komanso moyipa) mwakuti umatha kumveka kwa makilomita angapo.

Zizindikiro zakunja kwa Cascade yayikulu

Big Kiskad ndi amodzi mwa ankhanza odziwika ku Brazil. Mayina ake ena amadziwika kuti P. sulphuratus, kiskadees, ndi Derby flycatcher. Kutalika kwa mbalameyo ndi 21-26 cm, mapiko - 13 cm, mchira 8.

Nthenga zake ndizochepa komanso zolimba. Utoto wamitundu yambiri wakumbuyo wamtundu wa maolivi wofiirira ndi utoto wonyezimira. Chopendekera ndi kunsi kwa thupilo ndizofanana chikasu. Nsidze, mphumi, khosi ndi kutsogolo kwa khosi ndizoyera. Frenum, gawo lotsikira m'masaya limakhala lakuda, chisoti chachifumu chamutu chimakhala chakuda.

Nthenga zamapiko, zotchingira mapiko ndi nthenga za mchira wokhala ndi malire ofiira. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono topakidwa utoto wowoneka bwino, wokhala ndi korona wakuda komanso chingwe chofiirira m'maso nthenga za mapiko ndi mchira.

Mbalameyi imakhala ndi mulomo wamtaliitali, motalika kuposa mawonekedwe ake. Mlomo wokulungidwa, wokhala ndi mbedza yayikulu komanso dzino loonda, kumapeto. Miyendo ndi yolimba.

Big Kiskad (Pitangus sulphuratus).

Mapikowo ndiwotalikirapo, ndipo mchira wake umakhala ndi notch yaying'ono. Zala ndizitali, zazitali zooneka ngati zala. Mabatani amawoneka mozungulira mlomo.

Kufalikira kwa kiskad yayikulu

A great kiskad amakhala kum'mawa kwa North America. Kuphatikiza apo, mtunduwu umapezeka ku South America ndi Central Argentina. Amakhala ku Guiana, kumpoto kwa Brazil ndi Trinidad.

Zisa zazikulu za pitanga kuchokera kumwera kwa Texas ndi Mexico kupita ku Argentina.

Habitat ya kiskad yayikulu

Mchimwene wamkulu wa nkhono amakhala m'minda yosiyanasiyana yophatikizana ndi tchire, m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, m'malo okhala, komanso m'malo odyetserako ziweto.

Mbalame zimakhala ndi zinthu zazitali: chitsamba chosungidwa, mtengo, mwala wokulirapo, dothi ladothi. Izi ndizofunikira kuyang'ana nyama.

M'malo otentha, amapewa nkhalango zolimba ndipo amakhala pafupi ndi madzi.

Mverani mawu akumasewera akulu

Kachkad wamkulu amakhala amakonda kumakangana ndi anthu amtundu wake. Mwachilengedwe, kiskad chachikulu ndiwopanda mantha ndi nyama yowopsa - coral asp ndipo ikuyesetsa m'njira zonse zotheka kupewa kulumikizana ndi njoka iyi. Mbalame sizikhala kutali ndi chilichonse chomwe chimafanana ndi utoto wa chivundikirochi.

Chidacho chachikulu ndi chiphokoso kwambiri.

Ngakhale ndi ndodo yamatabwa yopentedwa ndi mikwaso yachikaso ndi yofiyira. Izi ndizomveka: mbalame zimapewa kugundana ndi njoka yowopsa komanso kuda nkhawa ndi ana awo. Pakalibe zoopsa, ma kiskadas akuluakulu amakhala pamitengo ya mitengo pamwamba pamadzi, nthenga zoyera ndikuyang'anira tizilombo.

Zakudya Zamasewera

Chigwkad chachikulu ndi mbalame yopatsa chidwi. Nthawi zambiri amadzibira m'madzi kuti agwire nsomba, tadpole kapena chule. Pambuyo pakubwera atatu kapena 4, ayenera kuwumitsa maula ake padzuwa. Kenako kiskad wamkulu amasintha kuti agwire mavu, nsikidzi ndi tizilombo tina.

Komabe, pamene zinthu za kusaka zimakhala zochepa mu nthawi yozizira, kiskad chachikulu chimadya mbewu, zipatso ndi zipatso.

Chakudyacho chimathandizidwa ndi abuluzi, mbewa ndi anapiye. Kachitsulo chachikulu chimasaka nyama kuti ichite pakawonedwe kake, imawulukira wogwiridwayo, mwachidaliro chododometsa, ikagwira tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kwambiri, timabwerera ku malo awo ndikudya nyama kumeneko.

Khalidwe lakukhwima la masewera akulu

Nthawi yakuswana, kiskad chachikulu chimakopa chachikazi ndi kuthawa kwake kokongola. Amawulukira patsogolo pa mnzake, akuwonetsa luso lake louluka. Wamphongo amathanso kusewera, kumangofuula, kuyitana bwenzi lake kuti akwatire.

Nthawi zambiri kiskad imalowa m'madzi kuti igwire nsomba, tadpole kapena chule.

Nesting Big Cascade

Magulu akulu a kiskadas amapanga chisa chodziwa bwino. Ili ndi mawonekedwe a mbewa yayikulu, yayikulu, yopindika, masamba, zimayambira ndi nthenga. Thireyi imakhala ndi zofewa: ubweya, pansi, nthenga.

Kuyika kwa kasiketi wamkulu nthawi zambiri kumakhala ndi mazira 3-4 amtundu wonyezimira wonyezimira komanso wowoneka bwino komanso wamtambo wobiriwira, wobiriwira kumapeto.

A kiskad wamkulu nthawi ya makulitsidwe amakhala akhama komanso ankhanza kuposa kale. Pafupi ndi chisa chake, iye ndi wankhanza weniweni, kuteteza ana ake. Mbewuzo zimadyetsedwa pamodzi ndi chachikazi ndi chachimuna.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.