Kuteteza thupi ku matenda a Aquarium ndi gawo loyenera lomwe ma aquarist ayenera kuchita kuti ateteze ziweto ndi mbewu kuimfa. Kufunika kwa mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa madzi ndi zinthu za m'madzi amtunduwu kuchokera pakuwonekera kwa ma virus opatsirana ndi tizilombo tambiri mu dziwe, komanso pambuyo poti chiweto chitafa. Komabe, si onse omwe ali ndi dziwe lochita kupanga sadziwa momwe angayeretsere madziwo moyenera kuti asavulaze anthu okhala m'madzimo.
Kodi disinication ndiyofunika liti?
Kuteteza matendawa kwa Aquarium kumachitika kawiri:
- Pa kukhazikitsidwa koyamba kwa chosungira chatsopano.
- Tizilombo toyamwa matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa tank ngati alipo chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana.
Pakuyamba koyamba kwa thankiyo, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikofunikira kuti tithane ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mabakiteriya, ma virus ndi ma virus ena, omwe angayambitse zotsatira zomvetsa chisoni komanso kufa kwa ziweto, chifukwa chake muyenera kuthana ndi aquarium mukangogula. Ma aquarium omwe alipo tsopano ndi opha tizilombo ngati matenda opatsirana am'madzi kapena algae wovulaza atadziwika, mwachitsanzo, ndi ichthyphotirius, ndevu zakuda kapena mwala wobiriwira. Muzochitika izi, kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimo sikungangowononga mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, komanso kuthandizira mwini wake kuchitira ziweto.
Disari kutalika kwa aquarium
Kusanthula koyambirira kwa madzi am'madzi kumachitika musanadzale ndikuyala dothi kuti muteteze zomera ndi nsomba ku matenda omwe angalowe mu thankiyo akagula. Ndikofunikira kukonza osati thanki yokha, komanso nthaka, komanso miyala yam'madzi. Kuwononga matenda osabzala kumafunikiranso. Njira yayikulu yodziwitsira matenda imagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta kunyumba ndipo imatenga maola makumi awiri ndi awiri.
Kuti muchotse mankhwala osungirako ndi potaziyamu permanganate, muyenera kuchita izi:
- Tangi yadzadza ndi madzi apampopi.
- Njira yothetsera imakonzedwa ndikusakaniza madzi ndi potaziyamu permanganate mpaka madzi atayamba kuda.
- Yankho limathiridwa mu thanki, ndikusiya kwa tsiku limodzi.
- Pakatha tsiku, madzi onse am'chinyalacho amatsitsidwa, thankiyo imatsitsidwa ndikukupukuta ndi nsalu yoyera.
- Njirayi imabwerezedwa kawiri.
Nthaka ndi zomera
Kukula bwino kwa dziwe padziwe kumadalira mtundu wa dothi, chifukwa chake, asanayikidwe, gawo lapansi liyenera kupezeka ndi matenda opatsirana. Pakukonzedwa, ndikofunikira kutsuka bwino dothi, kulola kuti liume ndi kupaka gawo lapansi mu uvuni kwa mphindi 15 pa kutentha kwa 100C. Nthaka yokonzedwayo imaloledwa kuzizirira kutentha ndi kufunda.
Zomera zatsopano zimatulutsidwa ndi njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, kuyika maluwa m'madzi kwa mphindi 15-20. Chachikulu ndichakuti musachite overdo ndi potaziyamu permanganate, apo ayi pali ngozi yotentha masamba.
Kukongoletsa Kukongoletsa
Zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi matabwa, miyala kapena zitsulo, ndi miyala ya m'madzi am'madzi ndi zotentha m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi 15 - 15 - nthawi ino ndikwanira kuwononga mabakiteriya oyipa ndi ma virus omwe angavulaze nsomba. Zinthu zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki sizitha kuwiritsa, chifukwa chake, njira ya potaziyamu permanganate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza bakiteriya.
Disinication ya aquarium yomwe ilipo
Dziwe lochita kupanga ndi nsomba limachiritsidwa ndi antibacterial. Kupanga thankiyo kukhala yopanda tizilombo, gwiritsani ntchito yankho ndi penicillin (10 mg / 2 L), ndipo njirayo imatenga maola 72. Palibe chifukwa choopera maluwa: zomera za m'madzimo sizimafa.Ngati nsomba yafa mwadzidzidzi mu tank, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amachitika pogwiritsa ntchito bulicidal bulb, kuphatikiza chidacho kwa mphindi 15 masiku atatu motsatizana.
Njira zogwira mtima za kudziletsa
Njira zabwino kwambiri komanso zotchuka pokonzera thanki yomwe ilipo ndi izi:
- Kutentha kwa madzi owiritsa - pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, algae onse owopsa, magulu a mabakiteriya ndi matenda akutsimikiziridwa kuti afa. Kutentha kuyenera kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono kuti galasi lazitsulo lisasweke. Njirayi ndi yoyenera pokhapokha ngati madzi opanda madzi kapena ndi guluu wolimba, mwinanso kutaya ndi kusokonekera kwachombo ndizotheka.
- Zida za antibacterial zamphamvu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pothana ndi nsomba zamatenda owopsa - matanki samatenthedwa ndi chida choyeretsa kapena champhamvu chlorine. Zoyera siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito! Mukatha kukonza thankiyo, muzitsuka kangapo ndi madzi ndi madzi.
- Hydrogen peroxide imathandizanso kupukuta thupi lamadzi ngati njira yopewetsera. Zochita za chinthucho sizolimba komanso zamphamvu monga momwe zimapangira kale, komabe, hydrogen peroxide ndiwosamala kwambiri komanso wogwiritsa ntchito. Komabe, mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito peroxide, chidebe chimayenera kutsukidwa.
- Kusakaniza kwa mchere wa patebulo ndi madzi akuda kungathandizenso kupha matendawa padziwe. Tikakhala ndi mchere ndi madzi osakanikirana, timadzi totere timayikidwa pakona ndi kusoka kwa thankiyo, kenako kuthira madzi mumchombo ndi kupita kwa maola awiri. Pambuyo pokonza, amadzaza madzi, ndipo thankiyo imatsukidwa bwino, popeza mchere ndi wowopsa kwambiri kwa phenotypes ambiri.
- Methylene buluu ndi amodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amakonda kwambiri. Ndizotetezeka kwa nsomba, chifukwa pokonza ma aquarium ndi ziweto zamtambo, simungathe kuzichotsa posungira. Buluu limawonjezeredwa kumadzi mu gawo la 2 mg / 10 l. Choipa chogwiritsa ntchito njirayi ndikuti methylene buluu imayika madzi mu tint yamtambo.
- Nyali ya ultraviolet ndi njira ina yotetezeka nsomba yophera mafuta tanki. Nyali ya ultraviolet itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yodziyimira pawokha, komanso kuphatikiza ndi njira zomwe tafotokozazi.
Kuthira kwa Aquarium ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kutsimikizira kuwonongeka kwa dothi, mabakiteriya ndi magulu amchere omwe amawononga nsomba, zomera ndi nkhono. Mukamayimitsa mafuta tanki, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ndi malangizo onse opakidwa ma antibacterial othandizira kuti musokoneze zachilengedwe komanso kuti musavulaze ziweto.
Zomvera
- C2H5OH (Ethanol).
- C3H7OH (n-Propanol).
- C3H7OH (Isopropane).
Mlingo: Ndikokwanira kupukuta zinthuzo ndi ethanol (70%), n-Propanol (50-60%) kapena isopropanol (69-70%). Chowopsa: Popeza ma alcohol ndi osasinthika komanso amasintha mofulumira, palibe ngozi ku nsomba ndi zomera. Zowonetsa: Maofesi a zaumoyo amachita zinthu mwachangu kwambiri. Ngakhale ma microbacteria amafa miniti. Bacterial spores, Mosiyana, sizikhudzidwa.
Maantiva opezeka ogulitsa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi mankhwala osakanikirana ndi ma alcohols, phenol, aldehydes ndi zotchingira mafuta. Kwenikweni, mankhwala ophera tizilomboto sanapangidwire oyambira m'madzi kuyambira pamenepo zotsalira zawo zimatha kuyambitsa poizoni. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, aquarium iyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi abwino ambiri kuti tichotsere zinthu zotsalira zomwe sizingachitike.
Zochitika zoyambirira
Chifukwa chake, pali zifukwa zopitilira zokwanira zothandizira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi. Tisanakambe za momwe tingayeretsere thankiyo pomwe nsomba imakhalamo, tiyeni tikambirane kufunika koyamba kuyeretsa - asipobe.
Madzi atangogula, ayenera kukonzedwa ndi nsomba - kugwira ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri kuti athetse majeremusi onse omwe angakhale ndi mabakiteriya okhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Malamulo a kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda ndiosavuta:
- dzazani thanki ndi madzi opanda kanthu,
- konzani yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (utoto ukhale wakuda, wokhutira) ndikuthira mu thanki yamadzi,
- masana aquarium iyenera kudzazidwa ndi yankho - nthawi ino ndikokwanira kupha mabakiteriya onse,
- ndiye muyenera kuthira madzi ndikupukuta aquarium bwino,
- ndiye chidebe chimatsukidwa kangapo pansi pamadzi.
Ma aquarium akapatsira kachilombo koyambirira, amatha kudzaza madzi kuthamangitsa anthu. Koma ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti ndikosatheka kutunga madzi pachampopi ndikuthira mu thanki - chlorine yonse ndiyofunika kuchotsamo. Kuti tichite izi, zimatetezedwa kwa masiku atatu, ndipo zitangotsanulidwa mu aquarium, kenako zimakhalako kwa masiku ena ochulukirapo. Ntchito zonse pamwambazi zikamalizidwa, mutha kuthamangitsa nsomba kulowa m'madzi.
Kuteteza matenda osokoneza bongo
Nthawi ndi nthawi, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osati makhoma ndi pansi pa pansi pa aquarium, komanso chilichonse chomwe chiri mmenemo. Cholinga chachikulu ndikuchotsa ndi kuteteza ma tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kuzinthu za tanki.
Panthawi yomwe madzi am'madzi akuyamba kugwira ntchito, ndipo nsomba zimasambira momwemo, muyenera kuyang'anira bwino momwe madzi, mawonekedwe ndi thanzi la okhalamo.
Ngati palibe matenda, ndikokwanira kusintha madzi ndikumayatsira matenda ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyeretsa kamodzi pachaka. Kuyeretsa kwathunthu kumachitika kamodzi pachaka 4.
Kodi mungatani posankha mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kodi mankhwala oyenera ayenera kukhala otani?
Musaiwale kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyumba yeniyeni ya nsomba. Monga nyumba ya anthu, amafunika kuyeretsa. Ngati munthu angadzipereke yekha kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti nsomba zapamwamba zotere sizikupezeka, ndiye mwiniwake yemwe ayenera kuthana ndi matenda a m'madzimo ndikuwunika momwe ziweto zake zilili. Anthu ambiri amadziwa za izi, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda molondola.
Zochitika zoyambirira
Kufufuza koyambirira kwa aquarium kumachitika mukangogula thankiyo. Nyumba yamtsogolo ya nsomba iyenera kulandira chithandizo chokwanira anthu oyamba azinyama ndi nyama asanaonekere pamenepo.
Momwe mungagwiritsire matenda oyamba ndi matenda oyamba:
Mukudziwa, ndakhala ndikulimbana ndi uve nthawi yayitali. Zitha kungokhala kuti ndikugula malasha a Biocoryn. Ndimatsuka pansi ndi mapampu, ndikusintha madzi. Mwa njira, ndili ndi nsomba zambiri ndizobadwa. Koma nthawi yomweyo zonse zimayambanso kusonkhana khoma ndi mbewu. Zowopsa! Zoyenera kuchita
Yikani miyeso yodzipha
Pomwe kuti aquarium ikugwira ntchito kale, koma panali chisokonezo ndipo mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana ndi algae adayamba kuwonekeramo, ndiye kuti kupha majeremusi sikungapewe. Ndikofunika kupulumutsa mbewu ndi nsomba kuchokera pamenepo.
Zinyama zonse zomwe zinali m'madzi omwe ali ndi matendawa ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi antibacterial solution. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chisakanizo cha 10 mg ya penacillin mu malita awiri a madzi. Zilowererepo mbewu masiku atatu. Osawopa, palibe chowopsa chomwe chidzachitike ndi mbewu nthawi iyi. The aquarium imatha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nyali yapadera tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 20. Kuteteza matenda m'madzi ndikofunika ngakhale ngati palibe mavuto owoneka. Njira zopewera ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungitsira thanzi la nsomba ndi anthu ena. Matendawa amayambanso ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo tonse padziko lonse lapansi. Zida zosavuta kwambiri zomwe zilipo ndi potaziyamu permanganate ndi peroxide. Chotsani nsomba zonse ndi zokongoletsa kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye dzazani m'mphepete ndi 3% peroxide kapena yankho lakuda la potaziyamu permanganate. Siyani kwa maola 5-6. Pambuyo pake, muzitsuka bwino bwino mbali zonse ndi ngodya.
Ngati palibe nthawi kapena chikhumbo chodikirira nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosonyezera. Gulani yankho lapadera mu malo ogulitsira azinyama omwe amapangidwira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa chilichonse. Kumbukirani kuvala magolovu musanayambe ntchito.Ngati muli ndi mwayi wothandizira chilichonse ndi formalin, chloramine, hydrochloric acid - ndiye gwiritsani ntchito njirayi.
Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikofunikira kukonzekera njira ya penicillin mu 10: 2. Siyani mbewu zonse pamenepo kwa masiku atatu.
Njira zofala kwambiri:
Mwa njira izi mutha kupukuta mbewu kamodzi, izi zidzakhala zokwanira kupha pathogenic sphere. Gulitsani ndalama izi ku malo ogulitsa zoo. Zotsatira zonsezo ziyenera kuwiritsa. Kuti mudziwe zolondola, zisungeni m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi zosachepera 20. Nthawi yochuluka yomwe amakhala m'madzi otentha, mabakiteriya ocheperako amatha kupulumuka. Chonde dziwani kuti mphira, pulasitiki ndi ma thermometers siziyenera kuwira nthawi iliyonse.
Sankhani njira yoyenera kwambiri ndikusangalala ndi malo okongola, abwino okhala ndi nsomba zabwino.
Aquarium ndi nyumba ya nsomba. Amafunikira kuyeretsa, komwe kumapangira zanyama zam'madzi nthawi zonse kumayenera kumayendera limodzi ndi kupha tizilombo. Tiyeni tiwone momwe angachitire izi nsomba isanalowe kumeneko ndikukhala momwe mungakhalire.
Sinthani magawanidwe ophera nsomba am'madzi
Ngati mabakiteriya adawonekera m'madzi anu ndikuyambitsa matenda azomera, muyenera kuwapulumutsa mwachangu. Zomera zotere ziyenera kuyikidwa mu antibacterial solution, yomwe imakonzedwa kuchokera ku 5 mg ya penicillin pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Mmenemo, algae amasungidwa kwa masiku atatu. Ndipo aquarium imatha kupha tizilombo tozungulira ndi nyali ya bactericidal, ndikuchita izi kwa mphindi 20.
Ngakhale zonse zili mwadongosolo m'madzi anu, zimafunikirabe kupha tizirombo toyambitsa matenda pafupipafupi monga njira yothandizira kupewa zanyama zanu zapamadzi. Kupatula apo, palibenso njira ina yochotsera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.
Kuti muthe kupha majekisiti akunyumba, muyenera kusankha njira yothetsera mawonekedwe onse. Zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri ndizofanana potaziyamu permanganate kapena hydrogen peroxide. Aquarium iyenera kumasulidwa ku ziweto zake ndi zokongoletsera, zodzaza kumaso ndi 3% hydrogen peroxide solution kapena sodium yokhazikika ya potaziyamu. Siyani ziyime kwa maola 4-5.
Njira inanso yodziwira matenda opatsirana, mwachangu, ndikutsuka ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri. Mutha kutsuka aquarium ndi yankho la formalin ndi chloramine, hydrochloric acid ndi Bleach.
Pofuna kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mbewu zonse, muyenera kukonzekera njira ya penicillin: 5 mg pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Ndikofunika kuwasiya mu njira yothetsera mavutowa masiku atatu. Sidex ndi isopropane, n-propanol ndi ethanol nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophera tizilombo ta aquarium ndi zida. Zinthu zonse zimangofunika kupukuta ndi 70% isopropanol, 60% n-propanol kapena 70% ethanol. Kupukuta kumodzi ndikwanira. Njirayi siyowopsa kwa nsomba, chifukwa ma alcohols ndi zinthu zotulutsa zomwe zimasuluka mofulumira. Amathandiza pochotsa mabakiteriya ndi ma microbacteria. Zotsirizazo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kulimbana.
Mutha kugula zotsalazo pamadipatimenti kapena m'masitolo apadera.
Ponena zowerengera zowiritsa ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsa, ndiye kuti pakapita nthawi ziyenera kukhala osachepera mphindi 15. Osawiritsa zinthu zopangidwa ndi mphira ndi pulasitiki, zotenthetsa ndi ma thermometers.
Msodzi aliyense wamadzi amasankha yekha njira yabwino yotetezera madzi am'madzi. Ndikofunikira pambuyo pake kuti muzitsuka zinthu zonse ndi madzi owiritsa ndikupanga mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthawi zonse.
Yambitsani aquarium
Kusasunthika kwa chilengedwe cha m'madzi mu aquarium kumadalira kuperekedwa kwake koyenera. Madzi omwe amayeretsedwa kuchokera ku chlorine amathiridwa mumtsuko. Kuti muchite izi, umathiridwa mumtsuko wina ndikutetezedwa kwa maola 72 - 96. Madzi okhazikika amatsanuliridwa mu aquarium. Musanayambe, dikirani masiku ena 1 - 2.
Pokonza madzi, munthu sayenera kuyiwala za zinthu zokongoletsera ndi misonkhano.
Kukonzekera kwa dothi
Tetezani mankhwala opatsirana. Ngati miyala ya mchenga, mchenga wa kunyanja, yomwe asitikali am'madzi amadzisonkhanitsa okha, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga izi, ndiye kuti kufunika kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumawonjezeka.Kupatula apo, kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mu gawo lapansi, lomwe limasonkhanitsidwa mu vivo, ndilabwino.
Kuthira dothi kumakhala kosavuta. Uvuni ndioyenera pazolinga izi. Nthawi yotsatila imatenga mphindi 15 mpaka 20. Sizoletsedwa kuthira gawo lamagetsi mu thanki, chifukwa kukhulupirika kwa chidebe chagalasi kumatha kusokonekera.
Kukongoletsa
Zinthu zokongoletsera ndi miyala ya m'madzimo amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo komanso zinthu zina. Zomwe zimakonzedwa ndimwala, zitsulo, nkhuni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimaphikidwa. Machitidwe oterewa sachitidwa ngati pulasitiki imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa zokongoletsera. Inde, mothandizidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri, pang'onopang'ono amasungunuka. Kuti muwasinthe, potaziyamu permanganate amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zokongoletsa zotetezedwa ndi zotulutsa.
Disinication ya aquarium yomwe ilipo
Zochizira zamasamba, algae ndi ena oimira zilombo, antibacterial zinthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mwa njira zothetsera, imodzi imasiyanitsidwa, yomwe imaphatikizapo penicillin (malita 2 - 10 mg a thunthu). Kuteteza matenda ku mbewu kumatenga maola makumi awiri ndi awiri. Zomera za Aquarium sizimafa nthawi imeneyi.
Sungalo, momwe nyama zakufa zidapezekera, limatulutsa disin ndi nyali ya bacteria. Izi zimachitika kwa mphindi 15 mpaka 20 kwa masiku awiri mpaka atatu. Gwiritsani chidebe palinso ngati palibe matenda opatsirana.
Chithandizo cha bactericidal chosinthika chimapangitsa kupulumutsa nsomba zam'madzi kuchokera ku subcutaneous, ulcerative ndi matenda ena.
Njira zodziwika bwino zophera majeremusi
Kusintha kwa akasinja atsopano ndi ogwiritsira ntchito kumachitidwa mosalephera. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito njira zotsatirazi:
- Popewa kufa kwa nsomba za ku aquarium, thanki yatsopano kunyumba imachiritsidwa ndi madzi otentha. Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa thankiyo, kutentha kwake kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
- Akasinja okhala ndi nsomba amathandizidwa ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a ichthyophthirius ndi matenda ena opatsirana. Anthu oimira maluwa ndi nyama atasamutsidwira ku thanki yokhala payokha, aquarium amayeretsedwa. Mwa izi, zinthu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zimaphatikizapo chlorine ndi zinthu zina. Musanabzale zamasamba ndikuyambitsa mwachangu, chidebe chimatsukidwa. Simungagwiritse zoyera pa izi.
- Kusanthula mphamvu peroxide. Zinthu zoterezi zimawonedwa kuti sizoyipa, chifukwa oyambitsa nsomba pamadzi am'madzi amazigwiritsa ntchito.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito mchere. Musanabzale algae, mafinya, makhoma ndi zinthu zina za thankiyo azichitira ndi yankho lomwe limaphatikizapo mchere. Thirani yankho la maola awiri mpaka anayi.
- Kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu permanganate. Kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu choterocho kumaloledwa pokhapokha ngati pamthunzi wamtchire ndi algae. Kupatula apo, zinthu zotere sizimavulaza zomera.
- Nyali ya UV. Nthawi zina, zida zowunikira za ultraviolet zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa matenda. Zipangizo zotere sizitsogolera ku ziweto. Kuthandiza nsomba yomwe imadwala ndi radiation ya ultraviolet ndi kothandiza chifukwa sikufuna ndalama zambiri.
Pofuna kuchiza matenda opatsirana, kukwaniritsa prophylaxis, sikokwanira kungojambula oimira maluwa ndi zinyama. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amalimbikitsa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zina zotere:
- Ukonde womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwira nsomba.
- Zosefera zamagetsi komanso zachilengedwe.
- Kudyetsa zodyera.
- Zida zowunikira.
- Matumba opangidwa ndi mphira.
- Zolemba
Pakuteteza matenda, njira zama antibacterial zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphika kwa zinthu ndi zinthu zina kuloledwa. Kutalika kwa mphindi 10 mpaka 15.
Njira yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kupewa kufa kwa thankiyo, zida zokongoletsera ndi zida, zida - izi ndizoyenera kuchitidwa, oyambira komanso wodziwa ntchito zam'madzi. Zomera ndi nsomba zimadalira momwe njirazi zimachitikira. Kusankhidwa kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zinthu ziyenera kuthandizidwa moyenera.
Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa Aquarium - Zowonongeka
Musaiwale kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyumba yeniyeni ya nsomba. Monga nyumba ya anthu, amafunika kuyeretsa. Ngati munthu angadzipereke yekha kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti nsomba zapamwamba zotere sizikupezeka, ndiye mwiniwake yemwe ayenera kuthana ndi matenda a m'madzimo ndikuwunika momwe ziweto zake zilili. Anthu ambiri amadziwa za izi, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda molondola.
Buku lamalangizo
1. Njira yophweka ndikuthira madzi am'madzi ndi madzi otentha, madzi otentha. Poterepa, ma virus onse ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tidzafa. Samalani: kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kukweza bwino kuti galasi lisawonongeke. Koma njirayi ndi yoyenera kokha pamadzi am'madzi opanda nsomba ndi zomangamanga zokhala ndi guluu wolimba - zimawoneka ngati zoumba. Ngati galasi likhala pa silicone sealant yofewa, limakhala lofewa kuchokera kumadzi otentha ndipo Aquarium ikhoza kuyamba kutayikira, ndipo chidebe chathanzi chimatha kugwa.
Njira ina yothandiza ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mutha kuchiza aquarium ndi njira yotsuka yamadzi kapena yankho la chlorine. Koma atatha kukonza, madziwo amayenera kutsukidwa bwino, popeza zotsalira zazing'ono za woyeretsa atha kuwononga nsomba. Moyenerera, Aquarium amayenera kutsukidwa kangapo, kenako ndikudzazidwa ndi madzi, kuloledwa kuyimirira kwa tsiku limodzi kenako ndikuphanso.
3. Mutha kugwiritsanso hydrogen peroxide kupha mafuta m'madzi. Imakhala yocheperako poyerekeza ndi zomwe zidasankhidwa kale, koma ndizotetezeka. Zachidziwikire, Aquarium iyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi, koma osati kwambiri.
4. Pakukonza aquarium, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wamba patebulo. Choyamba, pangani mchere ndi madzi ndipo ndi siponji yofewa, konzekerani galasi ndi seams. Kenako dzazani aquarium ndi madzi, onjezerani mchere pamlingo wa supuni 1 pa lita imodzi yamadzi ndikusiyani maola angapo. Kenako ikani madzi ndikumatsuka m'madzi mwamadziwo - mchere ndi wovulaza kwa mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, ndipo kwa ena umapha.
5. Njira yina yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngakhale pazomera zamadzimadzi popanda chiopsezo chakuwapha ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Pangani yankho la pinki yapakatikati ndi kutsuka aquarium, ndikupukuta ndi siponji yofewa mkati. Kenako muzitsuka m'madzi ndi madzi. Zomera zothandizira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ziyenera kuyikidwa kwa mphindi 10-15 mu njira yothetsera wa potaziyamu. Osati mopitilira muyeso - pali chiopsezo chotentha chomera ndikuyiyika galasi ndi ating kuyanika.
6. Pali mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphera tizilombo ta m'madzi ngakhale ndi nsomba - methylene buluu. Imakhala ndi bactericidal ndi fungicidal katundu, koma sikuvulaza zamoyo. Mankhwala amapezeka mu mawonekedwe a madontho, chifukwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda muyenera kuthana ndi muyeso wa 2 ml pa 10 malita a madzi. Drawback yokhayo ndikuti zonse ndi zamtambo.
7. Palinso njira ina yofatsa yopewera matenda osavulaza zomera ndi nsomba - nyali ya ultraviolet. Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito palokha komanso mophatikiza ndi zomwe tafotokozazi. Kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ndi kosavuta: gwiritsani ntchito kwa masiku angapo m'malo mwa nyali yokhazikika.
8. Pakakhala kofunikira kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzi, funso limadzuka: chochita ndi dothi. Njira yothandiza kwambiri ndi kuwira. Poterepa, ma virus onse amafa mwachidziwikire.
Njira Zotsatsira
Ngati vuto litachitika, ndipo mwazindikira kuti mabakiteriya ndi zilembo zambiri zimatuluka mu thanki, ndiye kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitingapewe. Gawo loyamba ndi 'kuthamangitsa' anthu omwe ali mmudzimo ndikuchotsa zonse zomwe zili m'madzimo. Kwa nthawi ya nsomba, ndikofunikira kudziwa chidebe china, ndikuthira madzi.
Pali njira zingapo zoyeretsera malo am'madzi. Pansipa pali otchuka komanso othandiza kwambiri omwe angachitike kunyumba.
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi madzi otentha. Ndikofunikira kuwira madzi ndikuwadzaza ndi thanki. Thirani pang'onopang'ono kuti galasi lisang'ambe chifukwa cha kutentha.Akatswiri amati ma virus onse amafa nthawi yamatenthedwe.
- Zinthu zapadera. Ma virus apadera omwe agulidwa m'sitolo atha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pokonza thanki. Izi zimaphatikizapo mayankho okhala ndi chlorine. Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito, aquarium iyenera kutsukidwa mosamala kwambiri.
- Hydrogen peroxide. Amatsuka zonse m'madzi ndi zonse zomwe zili. Hydrogen peroxide imawonedwa kuti ndi yotetezeka, koma itatha kugwiritsa ntchito, aquarium ndi bwinonso kutsuka.
- Mchere. Popeza zili m'khitchini iliyonse, kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi silovuta konse. Ndikofunikira kukonzekera slurry kuchokera kumchere ndi madzi, ndibwino mafuta mafuta onse ndi magalasi ndi. Mtsuko ukadzazidwa ndi madzi ndikuwonjezera mchere - supuni ya mchere imafunika pa lita imodzi yamadzi. Kwa maola atatu, aquarium iyenera kudzazidwa ndi saline. Kenako madziwo amatsitsidwa, thankiyo imatsukidwa.
- Potaziyamu permanganate. Nthawi zambiri, aquarium imagwidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa potaziyamu. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani njira yapinki yapinki ndikutsuka bwino thankiyo. Ndi yankho ili, mutha kukonza osati aquarium, komanso zomera ndi zokongoletsera.
- Nyali ya UV. Njirayi imawonedwa ngati matenda ofatsa. Kuti muchiritse mankhwalawo ndi nyali ya ultraviolet, iyenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pa aquarium kwa masiku angapo. Kuti mugwire bwino ntchito, njirayi ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi imodzi mwambazi.
Zadzidzidzi
M'mbuyomu m'nkhaniyi, takambirana za kufunika kopha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimo, komanso moyenera ngati titha kupeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso palinso zochitika zadzidzidzi zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi matendawa komanso kufa kwa nsomba. Pambuyo pazinthu zomvetsa chisoni zoterezi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonza bwino. Pofuna kupewa kudwala anthu athanzi, kuyeretsa kwathunthu kumafunikira:
- Choyamba, muyenera kudzaza thanki ndi mankhwala osachepera maola 24 - bulitiki kapena kuyera kukachita,
- kulingalira konse, zokongoletsera zomwe zinali mu thanki ziyenera kuwiritsidwa bwino,
- ndiye kuti aquarium itsukidwa bwino, yowuma - chifukwa mumatha kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya ultraviolet.
Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pambuyo pa nsomba zodwala ndi zakufa, kupha majeremusi ayenera kukhala apamwamba kwambiri. Ndipo ngati mukukayika kukhazikitsidwa kwawo kunyumba, ndibwino kulumikizana ndi kampani yomwe imapereka chithandizo chotsukira matanki.
Momwe mungapangire tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthaka
Kuphatikiza pakugwira thankiyo, ndikofunikira kwambiri kupha tizilombo ta dothi la m'madzimo. Mmenemo michere yosiyanasiyana imakhala mizu ndikugwira ntchito, kukhalapo kwake komwe kumayipitsa nsomba. Pali njira zitatu zophera tizilombo:
- kuwira,
- chithandizo chapadera
- kuwerengera.
Njira yoyamba imaphatikizapo kuwiritsa dothi kwa mphindi 15. Kukonzekera kwapadera kwa mankhwala ophera tizilombo nthaka ndi zomera za m'madzi zitha kugulidwa pa malo ogulitsira. Koma kuwerengera kumachitika mu uvuni - dothi liyenera kuyikidwa pa pepala lophika, ndipo kwa mphindi 15 kutentha kwa madigiri a 180 liyenera kukhala mu uvuni.
Muphunzira za kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera mu vidiyo yomwe ili pansipa.
Chithandizo choyambira
Njira yophera majeremusi imachitika ngati matenda opatsirana apezeka mu biotope. Chimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa matendawa ndikuletsa kuti isafalikire. Zomwe zimayambitsa trichodinia, ichthyophthyroidism, oodiniosis, chylodonellosis, cryptobiosis, hexamitosis, boneosis, gyrodactyliosis ndi dactylogyrosis ndi flagellates, ciliates ndi flukes. Komabe, chiyembekezo chawo cha moyo mu biotope yopanda wolandira ndi yochepa kwambiri.
Njira yoyeretsera imachitika kuti muwononge tizilombo tating'onoting'ono kuchokera pamalo owonekera a zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga aquarium. Ndikofunikira kusankha njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwambiri pokonzekera izi.Kupatula apo, ngati miyala, monga lamulo, singawonongeke ndi mphamvu ya mankhwala aliwonse, ndiye kuti zinthu za pulasitiki zimakhala pachiwopsezo, chifukwa chake, kusankha kwa njira yawo yotsatsira matenda kuyenera kufikiridwa mosamala.
Tizilombo tina toyambitsa matenda timamva bwino m'madzi momwe timakhalira kwakanthawi, ndikupeza malo osiyanasiyana opangira mawonekedwe a mazira, cysts, ndi zina zotere.
Njira zochitira njirayi
Okonda nsomba ambiri sadziwa kuthira manyowa m'madzi moyenera komanso njira zopangira izi. Zina mwazodziwika ndi izi:
Mukakonza mankhwala m'madzimo, chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kulipira nthaka. Kuwotcha kumawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yosavuta yopatsira mankhwala atizilombo toyambitsa matenda - ndizowononga majeremusi onse okhala m'nthaka.
Zomera Zazomera za Aquarium: Vidiyo
- 0,1% yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (1 gKMp04 pa lita imodzi yamadzi),
- 5% yankho la hydrochloric kapena sulfuric acid,
- 3% yankho la chloramine
- yankho lotulutsa bwino, lomwe lili ndi 5% yogwira chlorine,
- 2-4% formaldehyde yankho.
Alkalosis kapena matenda amchere
Zifukwa: madzi ofewa kwambiri, okhala ndi acidic mu aquarium, omwe amakhala ndi kuunika kwambiri, mbewu zochuluka.
Zizindikiro: khungu ndi kufinya kwa mizere ya nsomba kumera, ntchofu zimamasulidwa kuchokera m'mapiritsi awo, mayendedwe amakhala opweteka, zipsepse zimafalikira paliponse. Nsomba zikuyesera kutuluka mumadzi. Mukayamba matendawa, ziphuphu zimayamba kusefukira, kenako ndi khungu, kufa kwamphamvu kwa anthu okhala m'madzi ndizotheka, zomwe zimachitika, monga lamulo, usiku.
Chithandizo: Kusamutsa nsomba kumanki, madzi omwe ali ndi pH ya 7-8.5, amathandiza. Mu aquarium wamba, pang'onopang'ono mubweretseni acidity pamalire omwe mukufuna. Kubwezeretsa nsomba kumachedwa.
Momwe mungakonzekerere yankho la formaldehyde
Makampaniwa amapanga mwina 40% yamadzi formaldehyde solution (formalin) kapena ufa wa formin wokhala ndi 95% formaldehyde.
Kukonzekera yankho la 4%, tengani magawo khumi a yankho lamadzi amadzimadzi ndi kuchepetsa m'magawo 90 amadzi.
Kuchokera pa ufa wa formin, magawo anayi a ufa amawumitsidwa m'magawo 96 amadzi (pamenepa, madziwo ayenera kuwotchedwa 60-70 ° C).
Popewa kuphulika kwa mvula, formalin imasungidwa mumadzi osindikizidwa bwino m'malo amdima, kutentha pang'ono ndi 9 ° C. Ngati matope kapena ma flakes akupezekabe mu formalin, ayenera kutenthedwa mpaka 80-90 ° C musanagwiritse ntchito.
Momwe mungasinthire malo okhala pansi pamadzi
- Malo osungirako zinyalala, omwe amadzaza mbali imodzi ndi njira imodzi yotsatsira, amatsalira kwa maola 12, kenako amatsukidwa kangapo. Mu nsomba mycobacteriosis, njira za asidi sizili zoyenera kuteteza matenda am'madzi ndi nsomba, chifukwa causative wothandizila matendawa amathana nawo. Pankhaniyi, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito ma detergents, mwachitsanzo, kutsuka mafuta - "Lotus", "Crystal", ndi zina. Kuzungulira kwa yankho kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri - paketi imodzi ya ufa wamalita 30-50 amadzi. Aquarium yokhala ndi yankho limatha kupirira tsiku. Pamapeto pa disinoku, imatsukidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi madzi ofunda.
- Maukonde a Kapron, ma thermometers, ma hetera omwe amawuma kuti atenthe, amaikidwa mu malo ogwiritsira ntchito madzi opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kotero kuti amizidwa kwathunthu mmenemo.
- Njira yolimba yoyeretsera ndi kusontha imatha kutchedwa kutsuka samadzi ndi komwe kumatchedwa brine - njira yothetsera ya sodium kolorayidi ndi kuphatikiza kochepa (1:20) koloko yophika. Aquarium yopanda kanthu imapukutidwa mkati ndi mozungulira m'mbali mwa njirayi pogwiritsa ntchito nsalu ya nayiloni (mwachitsanzo, masheya) ndikusiyidwa kwa maola 6-12. Kenako mchere wouma umatsukidwa ndi madzi ofunda. Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira kapena otentha (kupitirira 50 ° C) sikulimbikitsidwa.
Makina ovulala
Zolinga: ndewu, kupsa mtima kwa nsomba zina poyerekeza ndi zina, kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zakuthwa (mwachitsanzo, mapulasitiki, miyala yakuthwa).Makamaka kuvulala kwapafupipafupi.
Chithandizo: Zovulala zazing'ono zimadzichiritsa zokha, zazikuluzikulu ziyenera kutetezedwa ndi zotupa za potaziyamu permanganate, malo osambira a methylene buluu. Yesani kuchotsa chomwe chimayambitsa kuvulaza m'madzimo.
Saprolegnia mu nsomba zam'madzi
Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa Aquarium - Zowonongeka
Musaiwale kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyumba yeniyeni ya nsomba. Monga nyumba ya anthu, amafunika kuyeretsa. Ngati munthu angadzipereke yekha kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti nsomba zapamwamba zotere sizikupezeka, ndiye mwiniwake yemwe ayenera kuthana ndi matenda a m'madzimo ndikuwunika momwe ziweto zake zilili. Anthu ambiri amadziwa za izi, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda molondola.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Kuti mumve kupezeka kwathunthu kosatulutsa madzi am'madzi ndi zida, muyenera kudziwa yankho lomwe lidzakonzedwe pamalo onse. Chosavuta komanso chopezeka mosavuta - yankho la hydrogen peroxide kapena potaziyamu permanganate. Tangi imathiridwa m'mphepete ndi yankho la 3% ndikusiya kwa maola 4-5 kapena kutsukidwa ndi wothandizila kwambiri. Hydrogen peroxide ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa amatha kutha kuwola, pomwe zinthu zowola sizowopsa kwa nsomba. Koma kumbukirani kuti zitha kuwononga khungu la munthu, chifukwa chake kupha tizilombo toyambitsa madzi am'madzi kuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi magolovesi ndi magalasi. Yankho lowonjezera la chloramine, formalin, Bleach ndi hydrochloric acid lidzayeretsanso aquarium mwangwiro.
Kubwezeretsa kwa Aquarium, kusazindikira mawonekedwe
Izi ndi nthawi yambiri. Iyenera kupangidwa ngati ma causative othandizira matenda opatsirana owopsa kwa nsomba ndi zomera atakhazikika m'nthaka, pazomera ndi tsatanetsatane wa kapangidwe kake mkati.
Monga nthawi zina, nsomba zimasamutsidwira m'chombo, komwe amazichira. Magawo ena onse amadzimadzi ali ndi vuto loti azidzipatula (thankiyoyo, kufufuza, zomerazi, dothi, fyuluta, thermometer, aerator, zinthu zopangira).
Mu mtsuko, mutha kuthira madzi ndi kutsuka ufa molingana ndi 400 g wa ufa pa 30 malita a madzi. Malo onse amatsukidwa kwathunthu, ndipo kenako aquarium imatsanulidwa kangapo ndi madzi ofunda. Pambuyo pake, madzi atsopano oyera amathiridwa, omwe amawononga tsiku, kenako akukhetsa.
Kukonza zoyeretsa ndi kutsuka kwamadzi
Kuyeretsa kwakonzedwa kwa m'madzi kumachitidwa mochuluka kuposa kutsuka aquarium yatsopano. Aquarium yotere imatsukidwa ndimapangidwe kangapo, zophukazo zimachotsedwa pamakina ndikuzikanda, aquarium imathandizidwa ndi kutentha. Mukatha kusamba, ndikofunikira kuti muike ma aquarium osachepera tsiku kuti liume.
Kutentha kwa Aquarium
Tsoka ilo, zimachitika kuti kachilomboka kamafika mu aquarium. Zotsatira zake, nsomba zimadwala ndipo zimafunikira chithandizo, ndipo m'madzi am'madzimo mumayenera kupezeka tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zikatero, kuchapa kosavuta sikokwanira. Ma aquarium opatsirana amawatsanulira tsiku limodzi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumapeto. Njira yosavuta yodzaza aquarium ndi bulitchi kapena mankhwala ena opha tizilombo. Chonde dziwani - ZINSINSI. Osati mankhwala onse apanyumba omwe ali ndi mankhwala ophera majini, werengani malangizo a chida.
Kuphatikiza apo, zida zonse za aquarium zimathandizidwa ndi kutentha - kuwira.
Popeza anthu ena mu "Aquarium Wash" amaika lingaliro la kuyeretsa kwamadzi sabata iliyonse, tiunikira nkhaniyi.
Sambani ndikutsuka m'madzi anu sabata iliyonse
Mukamayeretsa aquarium sabata iliyonse, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa:
1. Pezani zida: zosefera, kuthandizira, kutentha kutentha. Chilichonse chimatsukidwa, kuyikidwa pambali.
2. Ngati ndi kotheka, kusamalidwa ndi kudulidwa kwa mbewu kumachitika.
3. Lambulani makhoma a m'madzimo. Siponji kapena masamba apadera a wiper.
4. Ngati ndi kotheka, dothi la siphon. Simufunikanso kuyeretsa dothi sabata iliyonse, makamaka ngati pali mbewu zam'madzi mu aquarium.
5.Pambuyo pokhapokha madziwo amasinthidwa: madzi akale amatulutsidwa ndikuwotetezedwa kumene.
6. Zipangizo zoyeretsera zakhazikitsidwa kumbuyo.
Kumbukirani kupukuta chivundikiro cham'madzi ndi nyali kuchokera mkatimo kamodzi pamwezi.
Pambuyo pamanyumba onse, aquarium amapukutidwa ndi nsalu yowuma, madontho amatha kuchotsedwa ndi zotsukira zenera.
Kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe ali pamwambapa, njira yosambitsira madzi m'madzi sichikhala chovuta komanso chosasangalatsa, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zogwira mtima momwe mungathere.
Kanema wogwiritsa ntchito poyeretsa ndi kutsuka m'madzi
Peroxide ya haidrojeni: Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Aquarium
Pozama kwambiri, H 2 O 2 ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Imapha microflora yonse, ndipo ukatha kuisanja sufuna kutsukidwa bwino (monga, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi chlorine), chifukwa imawola mu okosijeni wotetezeka ndi hydrogen.
Hydrogen peroxide disinawon ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito patadutsa matenda opatsirana, komanso ngati aquarium idakumana ndi hydra, planarians, kapena ngati nkhono zazing'onoting'ono zidadzigwetsa.
Pakuteteza matenda, zinthu zonse zamoyo (zomwe tikufuna kuti tisunge) - nsomba, ma invertebrates, zomera, zimachotsedwa mu aquarium. Nthaka ndi zida zimatha kusiyidwa mkati, momwemonso zimatetezedwa.
30-40% perhydrol imatsanuliridwa mu aquarium (osati mankhwala 3%, koma yankho lamphamvu kwambiri la mafakitale la hydrogen peroxide), pomwe limaphatikizidwa ndi madzi kuti ndendeyo ikhale 4-6%.
Pambuyo pokonza, amadzaza madzi, madziwo amatsanulidwa ndi madzi oyera, ngati panali dothi, limapukutika kwathunthu kuchokera ku zotsalazo za zinthu zakufa, pambuyo pake mtsukowo ndi wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito. Palibe chilichonse chamoyo mwa iye.
Ngati mukufunikira kuchotsa planarium ndi hydra osakhazikitsanso aquarium, izi zitha kuchitidwanso mu thanki yapano pakuwonjezera njira yothetsera pharmacy pamakonzedwe a 4 ml pa 10 l yamadzi.
Kuyambitsanso aquarium yodwala komanso yobiriwira
Zinapezeka: 250 ml Tetra AquaSafe, 100ml. Tetra Vital, Teta NitratMinus Perls (agogo), Tetra NitatMinus (madzi), Bactozym. Ali mnjira, hydrogen peroxide idagulidwa ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala, ndipo ma CD a makeke ophika anali pamsika.
Titafika kunyumba, kuyeretsa kwathunthu ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimo kudayamba. Popeza Aquarium sanalowe mchipinda chosambira, ndimayenera kuti ndikasambe m'chipatalamo, popeza ndinatenga hose kunyumba yacht kunyumba ndi ine.
Aquarium anali kuzisenda kawiri ndi koloko ndikutsukidwa. Ndiye kutsukidwa kawiri ndi hydrogen peroxide. Imayesedwa ndi chowumitsa tsitsi, imasungunuka m'malo osalimba ndi silicone.
Pakadali pano, nsombazo zidadwala kwambiri, makamaka ma blappers, omwe adaphulika kotheratu, ndipo thupi lidayamba kuphimbidwa ndi fungus kapena kachilombo ka bacteria.
Chisankhochi chinapangidwa chokwanira mu zidebe. Mwamwayi, odwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira adabzalidwa mosiyana ndi ma cichlids ndipo omalizawo adamva bwino. Komabe, mlingo wabwino unatsanulidwa mwa onse awiriwo. Methylene, Kontrakitala, komanso njira ya chiprolet (antiotic).
Pena pake nditadya nkhomaliro, manja anga adafika pokhazikitsidwa ndi poyala ndi pansi pamadzi. Chilichonse chimayezedwa ndi mulingo. Kuphatikiza apo, zinyalala zidadulidwa kuchokera kuzotsalira za gawo lam lamine.
Pambuyo, mwachangu anayamba kutsuka dothi lobiriwira. Pang'onopang'ono, ndinawaza maulendo makumi awiri ndikusambitsa ndi nyumba. Madzi asanu oyamba oyambira pansi anali akuda bii. Ndiye, brown ... wha! Ndiye amadyera! Pofika zaka makumi awiri, madziwo adasandulika pang'ono, koma ndidasandulika obiriwira, chifukwa mikono ndi misana sizinamve.
Pambuyo, kupatula kutopa kwamtchire, mphindi zosangalatsa zakuyembekeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa aquarium idayamba. Dothi linadzazidwa pansi pamadzi, ndipo mapepala a Tetra NitratMinus Perls anagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe anali omwazikana komanso osakanikirana ndi dothi. Makapu a Bactozem-a adamwaziridwanso pansi. Kenako, zokongoletsera za mphatso ndi zochapa posachedwa (ma crofu awiri ndi zipolopolo) zinaikidwa, loko ndi amphora zimachotsedwa m'matumba ndikuikamo. Tchire zingapo za Vallisneria ndi cryptocorins zidabzalidwa.Zinapezeka kuti kapangidwe kake))) Koma, mungatani, ma cichlid amafunikanso kubisala kwinakwake.
Pamenepo, nsomba zinayamba kuyandama. Monga nkhani yofunika kuchita mwachangu, madzi a m'madzi adayamba kudzaza ndi madzi. Msewu unkalumikizidwa ndi bomba, ndipo malekezero ena adayikidwa mu aquarium. Kuwerengedwa kwamamita amadzi. Madzi ali pamwamba!
Nditatenga nsomba, "akatswiri" ananena kuti inali ngalande ya 200l. Sindinatsutsane nawo, ngakhale zinali zowonekeratu kuti izi sizinali choncho. Ndipo tsopano IZI. Madzi atathiridwa mu aquarium kupita m'mphepete, mita yamadzi inawonetsera - 400 malita. Kusamba konse)))
Madzi atangodzaza mega aquarium, Tetra AquaSafe ndi Tetra Vital (mawonekedwe: mavitamini, ayodini, ndi zina), ndi Tetra NitratMinus (madzi) anawonjezeranso iwo. Bokosi la bactozyme linayikidwa mu fayilo yoyikidwa mu chipinda cha zoumba. Mwamwayi, ndinatenga zonse ndi malire, zinali zokwanira malita 400.
Chabwino, tsopano, zachisoni pang'ono. Kusintha sikunakhaleko kuti nkukhala ndi tsogolo losangalatsa. Iwo anali otupa, atadzazidwa ndi zoyera ndipo, tsoka, anali atagona. Poopa "mtengo wa Khrisimasi" wokongola komanso scalar, ndidaganiza zosamukira ku malo osungira kumene kumene. Ndikudziwa kuti simungathe! Mwiniwakeyo anali ndi mantha ndipo amadziwononga yekha ... koma adadikirira maola atatu (kotero kuti chemistry idakwirira madziwo) ndikuyika ma cichlid kukhala "nyumba" yatsopano.
Usiku unadutsa - aliyense anapulumuka! Tsiku lachiwiri - onse ali moyo, palibe chizindikiro cha matendawa! HOORAY!
Chabwino tiyeni tiwone mwachidule
Kuti mubwezeretse mwachangu komanso posachedwa nyanja yam'madzi, muyenera:
Quarantsine AQUARIUM (TARA)
SODA NDI HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
TETRA NITRATE MINUS PERLS (GRANILES)
TETRA NITRATE MINUS (LIQUID)
MABODZA AWIRI A BACTASIM (BOTTOM IMODZI, YINA MU CHITSANZO)
TETRA AQUA SAFE
mankhwalawa kukonzekera koyambira kuchokera ku protozoa, mabakiteriya ndi bowa
Musanayambe kuyambiranso, muyenera kuganizira mozama pazonse, komanso kusanja bwino kwa anzanu ndi abwenzi, thandizo lawo pro100 silisintha.
Ndithokoza kwambiri mkazi wanga ndi mphaka wanga, yemwe adandithandiza ndi chithandizo chonse chogulitsa nsomba mwadzidzidzi
Momwe mungasambitsire mbewu kuchokera ku aquarium :: kuphera tizilombo ta zomera za m'madzi a m'madzi :: Aquarium nsomba
Zomera za m'madzi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa okhalamo, chifukwa zimalemeretsa madzi ndi mpweya ndikuyamwa kaboni dayokosi yotulutsidwa ndi nsomba. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbewu zowonjezera zamadzi zimatha kupha anthu okhala m'madzimo. Kuti mbewu zikule bwino komanso kusapweteka nsomba, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena kuti muziwasamalira.
Funso "adatsegula malo ogulitsa ziweto. Bizinesi siyenda. Zoyenera kuchita? "- 2 mayankho
Zindikirani
Ngati nsomba zinali kudwala, koma munawachiritsa - santhani mankhwala a aquarium mulimonse. Matendawa atha kukhala pabwino ndipo posakhalitsa akuwonekera.
Onetsetsani kuti mukufunsa achibale kapena abwenzi kuti akuthandizeni, ndizovuta kwambiri kuyang'anira ngakhale ndi malo ochepa okhala nokha.
Kusamalidwa koyenera kwa Aquarium - Zowonongeka
Musaiwale kuti nsomba zam'madzi ndi nyumba yeniyeni ya nsomba. Monga nyumba ya anthu, amafunika kuyeretsa. Ngati munthu angadzipereke yekha kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri, ndiye kuti nsomba zapamwamba zotere sizikupezeka, ndiye mwiniwake yemwe ayenera kuthana ndi matenda a m'madzimo ndikuwunika momwe ziweto zake zilili. Anthu ambiri amadziwa za izi, koma si aliyense amene amadziwa kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda molondola.
Zochitika zoyambirira
Yikani miyeso yodzipha
Pomwe kuti aquarium ikugwira ntchito kale, koma panali chisokonezo ndipo mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana ndi algae adayamba kuwonekeramo, ndiye kuti kupha majeremusi sikungapewe. Ndikofunika kupulumutsa mbewu ndi nsomba kuchokera pamenepo.
Zinyama zonse zomwe zinali m'madzi omwe ali ndi matendawa ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi antibacterial solution. Chodziwika kwambiri ndi chisakanizo cha 10 mg ya penacillin mu malita awiri a madzi. Zilowererepo mbewu masiku atatu. Osawopa, palibe chowopsa chomwe chidzachitike ndi mbewu nthawi iyi. The aquarium imatha kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nyali yapadera tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 20. Kuteteza matenda m'madzi ndikofunika ngakhale ngati palibe mavuto owoneka.Njira zopewera ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungitsira thanzi la nsomba ndi anthu ena. Matendawa amayambanso ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo tonse padziko lonse lapansi. Zida zosavuta kwambiri zomwe zilipo ndi potaziyamu permanganate ndi peroxide. Chotsani nsomba zonse ndi zokongoletsa kuchokera pamenepo, ndiye dzazani m'mphepete ndi 3% peroxide kapena yankho lakuda la potaziyamu permanganate. Siyani kwa maola 5-6. Pambuyo pake, muzitsuka bwino bwino mbali zonse ndi ngodya.
Ngati palibe nthawi kapena chikhumbo chodikirira nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosonyezera. Gulani yankho lapadera mu malo ogulitsira azinyama omwe amapangidwira kupha tizilombo toyambitsa chilichonse. Kumbukirani kuvala magolovu musanayambe ntchito. Ngati muli ndi mwayi wothandizira chilichonse ndi formalin, chloramine, hydrochloric acid - ndiye gwiritsani ntchito njirayi.
Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndikofunikira kukonzekera njira ya penicillin mu 10: 2. Siyani mbewu zonse pamenepo kwa masiku atatu.
Njira zofala kwambiri:
Mwa njira izi mutha kupukuta mbewu kamodzi, izi zidzakhala zokwanira kupha pathogenic sphere. Gulitsani ndalama izi ku malo ogulitsa zoo. Zotsatira zonsezo ziyenera kuwiritsa. Kuti mudziwe zolondola, zisungeni m'madzi otentha kwa mphindi zosachepera 20. Nthawi yochuluka yomwe amakhala m'madzi otentha, mabakiteriya ocheperako amatha kupulumuka. Chonde dziwani kuti mphira, pulasitiki ndi ma thermometers siziyenera kuwira nthawi iliyonse.
Sankhani njira yoyenera kwambiri ndikusangalala ndi malo okongola, abwino okhala ndi nsomba zabwino.
Kuteteza khungu la m'madzi ndi zida za m'madzi
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Kuti mumve kupezeka kwathunthu kosatulutsa madzi am'madzi ndi zida, muyenera kudziwa yankho lomwe lidzakonzedwe pamalo onse. Chosavuta komanso chopezeka mosavuta - yankho la hydrogen peroxide kapena potaziyamu permanganate. Tangi imathiridwa m'mphepete ndi yankho la 3% ndikusiya kwa maola 4-5 kapena kutsukidwa ndi wothandizila kwambiri. Hydrogen peroxide ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chifukwa amatha kutha kuwola, pomwe zinthu zowola sizowopsa kwa nsomba. Koma kumbukirani kuti zitha kuwononga khungu la munthu, chifukwa chake kupha tizilombo toyambitsa madzi am'madzi kuyenera kuchitika kokha ndi magolovesi ndi magalasi. Yankho lowonjezera la chloramine, formalin, Bleach ndi hydrochloric acid lidzayeretsanso aquarium mwangwiro.
Kuledzera kwauchidakwa
Ma mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda am'madzi
Kuthira mankhwala
Kubwezeretsanso aquarium
Kuyambitsanso aquarium: zomwe zingayambitse
Kodi zifukwa zomwe zingayambire kuyambitsanso thanki ya nsomba ndi ziti?
Kuyambiranso mwachangu
Zomera za Aquarium, dothi komanso malo okongola
Kuchapa
Yambitsaninso mwachindunji
Kuyambitsanso aquarium pambuyo pa matenda a nsomba
Kubwezeretsa kwa Aquarium, kusazindikira mawonekedwe
Izi ndi nthawi yambiri. Iyenera kupangidwa ngati ma causative othandizira matenda opatsirana owopsa kwa nsomba ndi zomera atakhazikika m'nthaka, pazomera ndi tsatanetsatane wa kapangidwe kake mkati.
Monga nthawi zina, nsomba zimasamutsidwira m'chombo, komwe amazichira. Magawo ena onse amadzimadzi ali ndi vuto loti azidzipatula (thankiyoyo, kufufuza, zomerazi, dothi, fyuluta, thermometer, aerator, zinthu zopangira).
Mu mtsuko, mutha kuthira madzi ndi kutsuka ufa molingana ndi 400 g wa ufa pa 30 malita a madzi. Malo onse amatsukidwa kwathunthu, ndipo kenako aquarium imatsanulidwa kangapo ndi madzi ofunda. Pambuyo pake, madzi atsopano oyera amathiridwa, omwe amawononga tsiku, kenako akukhetsa.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi zamasamba?
Momwe mungayeretsere ndikusambitsa aquarium: malamulo, njira, zitsanzo za makanema
Kusamba ndi kuyeretsa yatsopano - yogulidwa mizu
Kukonza zoyeretsa ndi kutsuka kwamadzi
Kuyeretsa kwakonzedwa kwa m'madzi kumachitidwa mochuluka kuposa kutsuka aquarium yatsopano. Aquarium yotere imatsukidwa ndimapangidwe kangapo, zophukazo zimachotsedwa pamakina ndikuzikanda, aquarium imathandizidwa ndi kutentha.Mukatha kusamba, ndikofunikira kuti muike ma aquarium osachepera tsiku kuti liume.
Kusamba ndi kuyeretsa malo okhala m'madzi mwadzidzidzi - atadwala komanso kuthandizira nsomba
Kutentha kwa Aquarium
Tsoka ilo, zimachitika kuti kachilomboka kamafika mu aquarium. Zotsatira zake, nsomba zimadwala ndipo zimafunikira chithandizo, ndipo m'madzi am'madzimo mumayenera kupezeka tizirombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zikatero, kuchapa kosavuta sikokwanira. Ma aquarium opatsirana amawatsanulira tsiku limodzi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo kumapeto. Njira yosavuta yodzaza aquarium ndi bulitchi kapena mankhwala ena opha tizilombo. Chonde dziwani - ZINSINSI. Osati mankhwala onse apanyumba omwe ali ndi mankhwala ophera majini, werengani malangizo a chida.
Kuphatikiza apo, zida zonse za aquarium zimathandizidwa ndi kutentha - kuwira.
Popeza anthu ena mu "Aquarium Wash" amaika lingaliro la kuyeretsa kwamadzi sabata iliyonse, tiunikira nkhaniyi.
Sambani ndikutsuka m'madzi anu sabata iliyonse
Mukamayeretsa aquarium sabata iliyonse, njira zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa:
1. Pezani zida: zosefera, kuthandizira, kutentha kutentha. Chilichonse chimatsukidwa, kuyikidwa pambali.
2. Ngati ndi kotheka, kusamalidwa ndi kudulidwa kwa mbewu kumachitika.
3. Lambulani makhoma a m'madzimo. Siponji kapena masamba apadera a wiper.
4. Ngati ndi kotheka, dothi la siphon. Simufunikanso kuyeretsa dothi sabata iliyonse, makamaka ngati pali mbewu zam'madzi mu aquarium.
5. Pambuyo pokhapokha madziwo amasinthidwa: madzi akale amathiridwa ndikutsitsidwa madzi atsopano.
6. Zipangizo zoyeretsera zakhazikitsidwa kumbuyo.
Kumbukirani kupukuta chivundikiro cham'madzi ndi nyali kuchokera mkatimo kamodzi pamwezi.
Pambuyo pamanyumba onse, aquarium amapukutidwa ndi nsalu yowuma, madontho amatha kuchotsedwa ndi zotsukira zenera.
Kutsatira malamulo osavuta omwe ali pamwambapa, njira yosambitsira madzi m'madzi sichikhala chovuta komanso chosasangalatsa, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zogwira mtima momwe mungathere.
Kanema wogwiritsa ntchito poyeretsa ndi kutsuka m'madzi
Hydrogen peroxide ya aquarium: pindulani kapena kuvulaza
Mfundo yogwira ntchito
Chithandizo cha nsomba
Hydrogen peroxide kutsutsana ndi algae
Hydrogen peroxide mumadzi muwadzidzidzi
Kodi mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi woipa ku zomera, nsomba, komanso mabakiteriya a biofilter?
Peroxide ya haidrojeni: Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Aquarium
Pozama kwambiri, H 2 O 2 ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Imapha microflora yonse, ndipo ukatha kuisanja sufuna kutsukidwa bwino (monga, mwachitsanzo, pambuyo pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala okhala ndi chlorine), chifukwa imawola mu okosijeni wotetezeka ndi hydrogen.
Hydrogen peroxide disinawon ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito patadutsa matenda opatsirana, komanso ngati aquarium idakumana ndi hydra, planarians, kapena ngati nkhono zazing'onoting'ono zidadzigwetsa.
Pakuteteza matenda, zinthu zonse zamoyo (zomwe tikufuna kuti tisunge) - nsomba, ma invertebrates, zomera, zimachotsedwa mu aquarium. Nthaka ndi zida zimatha kusiyidwa mkati, momwemonso zimatetezedwa.
30-40% perhydrol imatsanuliridwa mu aquarium (osati mankhwala 3%, koma yankho lamphamvu kwambiri la mafakitale la hydrogen peroxide), pomwe limaphatikizidwa ndi madzi kuti ndendeyo ikhale 4-6%.
Pambuyo pokonza, amadzaza madzi, madziwo amatsanulidwa ndi madzi oyera, ngati panali dothi, limapukutika kwathunthu kuchokera ku zotsalazo za zinthu zakufa, pambuyo pake mtsukowo ndi wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito. Palibe chilichonse chamoyo mwa iye.
Ngati mukufunikira kuchotsa planarium ndi hydra osakhazikitsanso aquarium, izi zitha kuchitidwanso mu thanki yapano pakuwonjezera njira yothetsera pharmacy pamakonzedwe a 4 ml pa 10 l yamadzi.
Ntchito zina za H 2 O 2
Kubwezeretsa kwa Aquarium: kuthamanga komanso kolondola
Kuyambitsanso aquarium yodwala komanso yobiriwira
Zinapezeka: 250 ml Tetra AquaSafe, 100ml. Tetra Vital, Teta NitratMinus Perls (agogo), Tetra NitatMinus (madzi), Bactozym. Ali mnjira, hydrogen peroxide idagulidwa ku malo ogulitsa mankhwala, ndipo ma CD a makeke ophika anali pamsika.
Titafika kunyumba, kuyeretsa kwathunthu ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimo kudayamba. Popeza Aquarium sanalowe mchipinda chosambira, ndimayenera kuti ndikasambe m'chipatalamo, popeza ndinatenga hose kunyumba yacht kunyumba ndi ine.
Aquarium anali kuzisenda kawiri ndi koloko ndikutsukidwa. Ndiye kutsukidwa kawiri ndi hydrogen peroxide. Imayesedwa ndi chowumitsa tsitsi, imasungunuka m'malo osalimba ndi silicone.
Pakadali pano, nsombazo zidadwala kwambiri, makamaka ma blappers, omwe adaphulika kotheratu, ndipo thupi lidayamba kuphimbidwa ndi fungus kapena kachilombo ka bacteria.
Chisankhochi chinapangidwa chokwanira mu zidebe. Mwamwayi, odwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mozungulira adabzalidwa mosiyana ndi ma cichlids ndipo omalizawo adamva bwino. Komabe, mlingo wabwino unatsanulidwa mwa onse awiriwo. Methylene, Kontrakitala, komanso njira ya chiprolet (antiotic).
Pena pake nditadya nkhomaliro, manja anga adafika pokhazikitsidwa ndi poyala ndi pansi pamadzi. Chilichonse chimayezedwa ndi mulingo. Kuphatikiza apo, zinyalala zidadulidwa kuchokera kuzotsalira za gawo lam lamine.
Pambuyo, mwachangu anayamba kutsuka dothi lobiriwira. Pang'onopang'ono, ndinawaza maulendo makumi awiri ndikusambitsa ndi nyumba. Madzi asanu oyamba oyambira pansi anali akuda bii. Ndiye, brown ... wha! Ndiye amadyera! Pofika zaka makumi awiri, madziwo adasandulika pang'ono, koma ndidasandulika obiriwira, chifukwa mikono ndi misana sizinamve.
Pambuyo, kupatula kutopa kwamtchire, mphindi zosangalatsa zakuyembekeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa aquarium idayamba. Dothi linadzazidwa pansi pamadzi, ndipo mapepala a Tetra NitratMinus Perls anagwiritsidwa ntchito, omwe anali omwazikana komanso osakanikirana ndi dothi. Makapu a Bactozem-a adamwaziridwanso pansi. Kenako, zokongoletsera za mphatso ndi zochapa posachedwa (ma crofu awiri ndi zipolopolo) zinaikidwa, loko ndi amphora zimachotsedwa m'matumba ndikuikamo. Tchire zingapo za Vallisneria ndi cryptocorins zidabzalidwa. Zinapezeka kuti kapangidwe kake))) Koma, mungatani, ma cichlid amafunikanso kubisala kwinakwake.
Pamenepo, nsomba zinayamba kuyandama. Monga nkhani yofunika kuchita mwachangu, madzi a m'madzi adayamba kudzaza ndi madzi. Msewu unkalumikizidwa ndi bomba, ndipo malekezero ena adayikidwa mu aquarium. Kuwerengedwa kwamamita amadzi. Madzi ali pamwamba!
Nditatenga nsomba, "akatswiri" ananena kuti inali ngalande ya 200l. Sindinatsutsane nawo, ngakhale zinali zowonekeratu kuti izi sizinali choncho. Ndipo tsopano IZI. Madzi atathiridwa mu aquarium kupita m'mphepete, mita yamadzi inawonetsera - 400 malita. Kusamba konse)))
Madzi atangodzaza mega aquarium, Tetra AquaSafe ndi Tetra Vital (mawonekedwe: mavitamini, ayodini, ndi zina), ndi Tetra NitratMinus (madzi) anawonjezeranso iwo. Bokosi la bactozyme linayikidwa mu fayilo yoyikidwa mu chipinda cha zoumba. Mwamwayi, ndinatenga zonse ndi malire, zinali zokwanira malita 400.
Chabwino, tsopano, zachisoni pang'ono. Kusintha sikunakhaleko kuti nkukhala ndi tsogolo losangalatsa. Iwo anali otupa, atadzazidwa ndi zoyera ndipo, tsoka, anali atagona. Poopa "mtengo wa Khrisimasi" wokongola komanso scalar, ndidaganiza zosamukira ku malo osungira kumene kumene. Ndikudziwa kuti simungathe! Mwiniwakeyo anali ndi mantha ndipo amadziwononga yekha ... koma adadikirira maola atatu (kotero kuti chemistry idakwirira madziwo) ndikuyika ma cichlid kukhala "nyumba" yatsopano.
Usiku unadutsa - aliyense anapulumuka! Tsiku lachiwiri - onse ali moyo, palibe chizindikiro cha matendawa! HOORAY!
Chabwino tiyeni tiwone mwachidule
Kuti mubwezeretse mwachangu komanso posachedwa nyanja yam'madzi, muyenera:
Quarantsine AQUARIUM (TARA)
SODA NDI HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
TETRA NITRATE MINUS PERLS (GRANILES)
TETRA NITRATE MINUS (LIQUID)
MABODZA AWIRI A BACTASIM (BOTTOM IMODZI, YINA MU CHITSANZO)
TETRA AQUA SAFE
mankhwalawa kukonzekera koyambira kuchokera ku protozoa, mabakiteriya ndi bowa
Musanayambe kuyambiranso, muyenera kuganizira mozama pazonse, komanso kusanja bwino kwa anzanu ndi abwenzi, thandizo lawo pro100 silisintha.
Ndithokoza kwambiri mkazi wanga ndi mphaka wanga, yemwe adandithandiza ndi chithandizo chonse chogulitsa nsomba mwadzidzidzi
Momwe mungasambitsire mbewu kuchokera ku aquarium :: kuphera tizilombo ta zomera za m'madzi a m'madzi :: Aquarium nsomba
Zomera za m'madzi ndizofunika kwambiri kwa okhalamo, chifukwa zimalemeretsa madzi ndi mpweya ndikuyamwa kaboni dayokosi yotulutsidwa ndi nsomba.Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti mbewu zowonjezera zamadzi zimatha kupha anthu okhala m'madzimo. Kuti mbewu zikule bwino komanso kusapweteka nsomba, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena kuti muziwasamalira.
Funso "adatsegula malo ogulitsa ziweto. Bizinesi siyenda. Zoyenera kuchita? "- 2 mayankho
Mufunika
- - potaziyamu permanganate yankho,
- - hydrogen peroxide solution,
- yankho la methylene buluu,
- - madzi ofunda
- - kuthekera kwa kutsuka mbewu.
Buku lamalangizo
1. Ndikofunikira kupangira aquarium ndi fyuluta yamadzi. Iyenera kutsukidwa komanso kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (kamodzi pa masabata awiri ndi atatu). Kuphatikiza apo, kupezeka kwa kuwala kwa m'mbuyo ndizofunikira.
2. Mukamakonza Aquarium, ndikofunikira kusamba osati kokha dothi ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsera, komanso mbeu, komanso ndikofunikira kuti muzizipha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
3. Poteteza matenda opha tizilombo, njira ya potaziyamu permanganate ndiyabwino. Kuti muchite izi, sungunulani ma milligram 10 a mankhwala owuma a kristalo 1 lita imodzi ya madzi ofunda. Zotsatira zake ziyenera kukhala zapinki. Zilowerereni chomeracho kwa mphindi 30, ndiye kuti muzimutsuka ndi madzi.
4. Muthanso kugwiritsa ntchito yankho la 3% ya hydrogen peroxide. Mutha kugula ku pharmacy. Pankhaniyi, kutsanulira mamiligalamu 10 a yankho mu chidebe ndi madzi okwanira 1 litre. Ndikokwanira kumiza chomera kwa mphindi 5, ndiye kuti mumadzatsanso madzi.
5. Njira ina yodziwitsira matenda: gwiritsani ntchito njira ya methylene buluu. Zimafunikira kutenga 0,5 gm ya kukonzekera kouma ndikusungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. Njira yothetsera vutoli iyenera kukhala ndi utoto wotuwa. Kuziziritsa kwa kutentha kwa chipinda. Kenako ikani chomera chogwiritsa, tumizani mphindi 10. Kenako muzimutsuka m'madzi ofunda.
6. M'masitolo apadera mutha kugula mankhwala opakidwa mankhwala opangira zomera ndi zinthu zakumadzi ndikutsatira malangizo omwe ali phukusi. Kenako muyenera kusambitsanso mbewuzo m'madzi ofunda.
7. Zitatha izi, mbewuzo zimafunikira kufufuzidwa bwino, kuchotsedwa ndikufa ndi masamba owonongeka ndi magawo ena. Tchire lalikulu kwambiri liyenera kugawidwa, mizu yayitali kudulira. Izi zimawonjezera kukula kwawo ndikupereka mawonekedwe okongoletsa ku aquarium.
Zindikirani
Ngati mudabweretsa chomera kuchokera kumalo osungira zachilengedwe, chithandizirani kuphera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mosasamala, chifukwa ziweto zanu zitha kufa ndi matenda.
Kuteteza kwa Aquarium, Quariine ya nsomba ya Aquarium, Disinawon wa 4.7 pa 5 kuchokera pamavoti 6
Kugawidwa nsomba
Konzani malo osambira antipasitic motere:
- mwina kuchokera mkuwa wopanda mchere pa mulingo wa 1 g pa 10 malita a madzi,
- mwina kuchokera ku potaziyamu permanganate pamlingo wa 1 g pa 10 malita a madzi,
- mwina kuchokera ku bicillin-5 pamlingo wa 50,000 BD pa malita 10 amadzi,
- mwina kuchokera ku malachite wobiriwira pamlingo wa 6 mg pa 10 malita a madzi.
Ndikofunikira kuchita nthawi ndi nthawi kuyang'anira nsomba kudziwa kupezeka kwa matenda. Zizindikiro zamatenda oyamba am'madzi atha kukhala:
- kupumira kwansomba
- kukana chakudya,
- kuphwanya mgwirizano wogwirizanitsa komanso kulekanitsa nsomba zophunzitsidwa ndi gululo.
Ngati nsomba zotere zapezeka, ndiye kuti yankho la mankhwala liyenera kukonzedwa kuchokera ku mankhwalawo (sodium chloride, tripaflavin, methylene buluu, bicillin-5, mkuwa wa sulfate, biomycin kapena malachite wobiriwira), womwe umathiridwa pang'onopang'ono mu aquarium m'magawo angapo ndikuphatikizira madzi mosamala. Njira yothandizirana ngati imeneyi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano.
Branchiomycosis
Pathogen: Branchiomyces sanguinis ndi Branchiomyces demigrans, bowa omwe amapanga magazi m'mitsempha yamagazi.
Zizindikiro: kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, mafiyira ofiira akuda pamitsempha chifukwa chatsekeka pamitsempha yamagazi. Nsomba imakhala yoopsa, itha kugwidwa ndi dzanja. Chilichonse chimatha, wodwalayo amabisala mumakona amdima, amaswedwa, pali zipsepse zakupsinjika. Pambuyo pake, ma gilo amadzakhala "marble" muutoto ndikusinthana ndi minki yapinki, imvi, yoyera. Zilonda zimayamba kufa.Matendawa ndi opatsirana kwambiri, kuzindikira kuyenera kuchitika mwachangu. Pakupita masiku atatu, kachilomboka kamatha kutenga anthu opitilira theka la anthu am'madzi.
Amathandizidwa mu precipitators ndi yankho la mkuwa wa sulfate ndi rivanol. Ma aquarium ambiri ndi opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, m'malo mwathunthu ndi madzi. Kubwezeretsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe takonzedwa mu nsomba zochiritsidwa kumatha kutenga chaka chimodzi.
Dactylogyrosis
Pathogen: Dactylogyrus fluke yomwe imakhudza minofu ya gill.
Zizindikiro; Mphepo imatembenuka kapena kukhala ndi utoto wamtambo, ma petals awo amamatirana, ntchofu umatuluka, mmbali zam'mphepete.
Chithandizo: zimathandizira kuwonjezera kutentha kwa madzi, kukhazikitsa yankho la bicillin, mchere, formalin m'madzi. Itha kuthandizidwa onse mu aquarium yayikulu komanso woyang'anira ndende.
Ichthyophthyroidism kapena nthenda yam'mero, semolina
Pathogen: Ichthyophthirius multifiliis wosavuta kwambiri. Zimakhudza khungu ndi makutu.
Zizindikiro: matendawa ndi osavuta - nsomba imayamwa pazinthu zolimba, imakhala pamtunda, imapuma mwadyera. Kenako, totupa timawonekera mthupi ngati malezala oyera, mbewu. Matendawa amatha kupha nsomba.
Chithandizo: Kukonzekera tsiku lililonse kwa kukonzekera kwa bactericidal (malachite obiriwira ndi ayodini, bicillin, Antipar, Bactopur) pamodzi ndi kusintha kotala kwamadzi, kutenthe pang'ono pang'ono kwa madzi ndi madigiri 4-5 kungathandize.
Lepidortosis
Pathogen: Aeromonas punctata kapena Pseudomonas fluorescens, mabakiteriya omwe amakhudza khungu
Zizindikiro: nsomba imamera mu nsomba, chifukwa ma pustule amapangidwa pansi pamakala - mabatani odzazidwa ndi madzi. Kenako imayamba kuchepa kwamamba ndipo nsomba imwalira. Zizindikiro ndizofanana ndi zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu, ichthyospiridiosis, kudziwika molondola ndikotheka pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapachipatala.
Chithandizo: thandizo limagwira ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matenda, pamene mamba akukulitsidwa m'malo ena a thupi. Malo osambira amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndikukhazikitsa njira zothetsera antibayotiki mu aquarium - bicillin, biomycin, streptocide. Matendawa ndi opatsirana; njira zakuchizira ndi prophylactic ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu okhala m'madzi akuluakulu; Ngati mankhwalawa sathandizira, nsomba yodwala iyenera kuwonongedwa, zida zam'madzi ndi nthaka ziyenera kutetezedwa.
Trichodinosis
Pathogen: Trichodina wosavuta kwambiri, wokhudza khungu. Choopsa cha mitundu yambiri yamadzi am'madzi.
Zizindikiro: poyambira, kuzindikira kuti sizingatheke, nsomba zimangopaka pamalo olimba nthawi ndi nthawi. Mukukula, mtundu wa nsombazo umapezeka, kulakalaka chakudya kumatha, ndipo madera amtundu wamtundu wamtambo amawonekera pathupi, omwe amatha kutuluka.
Chithandizo: kukweza kutentha kwa madzi, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, ndipo mankhwala adzakuthandizani. Mwambiri Aquarium, yankho la mchere, tripaflavin, methylene buluu. Osambira (mpaka 34 digiri) osambira ndi sodium chloride, yankho la ammonia. Kuti muchotse nsomba zamadzimadzi, muyenera kuchotsa nsomba kwa masiku awiri ndikusintha madzi mpaka madigiri 35.
Zilonda zam'mimba
Pathogen: Pseudomonas fluorescens, kachilombo komwe kamakhudza khungu ndi matumbo.
Zizindikiro: mawonekedwe a nsomba mumalo amdima ndi madontho omwe pang'onopang'ono amasandulika zilonda, kukula kwa diso la buccal, kutupa kwa anus ndipo, chifukwa chake, kutupa kwamatumbo - pamimba.
Chithandizo: Thandizo limagwira ntchito kumayambiriro kwa matendawa. Pazithunzi zambiri za aquarium, njira yothetsera wa streptocide, biomycin, bicillin imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusamba kosiyana ndi thireyi - potaziyamu permanganate ndi hydrochloride. Aquarium ndi zida amafunika kuti atetezedwe.
Kusamalidwa moyenera kwam'madzi ndi okhalamo
Malamulo apadera a kupewa
Malo abwino osungiramo madzi am'madzi - m'malo mwake, kukonzekeretsa kwa madzi okonzedwa, kukonzekera bwino, kuyeretsa kwokhazikika kwa aquarium kumatha mwayi wa matenda ambiri.Kudya pafupipafupi, komwe kumaphatikiza zakudya zamagulu ndi mavitamini ndi michere, kumachulukitsa kukana kwa ziweto zanu ku matenda. Kupatula zosowa, ndikofunikira kukonzanso komwe kumateteza kwambiri ku matenda aliwonse am'madzi.
Muyenera kusamala kuti mukonzenso nsomba zam'madzi - kuti mupeze nsomba zathanzi lokha, khalani osungika kwaokha.
Asphyxia kapena kukwana
Zifukwa: zimayamba chifukwa chakutalika kwa nsomba m'malo okhala opanda mpweya. Izi ndizotheka kumadzala yam'madzi, akasinja osakwanira.
Zizindikiro: makomo otseguka, nsomba zomwe zimapangitsa kupumira kwambiri. Ikamwalira, pakamwa ndi zochotseka zimangotseguka. Kufa kwa nsomba zochuluka nkotheka.
Chithandizo: Kusamutsa nsomba m'madzi omwe ali ndi mpweya wokwanira kungathandize. Kusintha kwa zochitika mu malo am'madzi: kuchulukitsa, kuthandizira, kuyeretsa zinyalala, kuwola zinyalala za chakudya, siphon dothi.
Zizindikiro zimatha kuphatikizana ndi matenda ena opatsirana. Kuzindikira kwake kungapangike molondola ndikuyika nsomba mumadzi opatsidwa ndi okosijeni - ngati simukuwona kusintha kulikonse, ndiye kuti matendawa ndi ochokera pachiwopsezo.
Acidemia kapena Amoni Poizoni
Zolinga: zili m'madzi azinthu zofunika kwambiri za nsomba, ma invertebrates, zomera. Imawoneka m'madzi okhala ndi madzi ambiri, osasamalika bwino, momwe madzi samasinthidwira, pamakhala zowola za organic kanthu.
Zizindikiro: Mitundu ya ziweto za m'madzi ikuyamba kuda; imasungidwa pafupi ndi madzi. Zowonongeka zomwe zapezeka m'magulu awo, kuyesera kutuluka mu aquarium. Zizindikiro zake ndizofanana ndi zizindikiro zambiri za matenda ena; kuzindikira kungakhale kovuta. Koma wochita zam'madzi nthawi zambiri amamvetsetsa zolakwa zomwe adapanga munyumba yosungiramo, ndipo ngati saiziyo singakonzedwe, ndiye kuti zisonyezo zikuwonetsa poyizoni wa ammonia.
Chithandizo: Choyamba - kusintha kuchuluka kwa madzi kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zinthu zovulaza. Limbikitsani aeration, yeretsani aquarium.
Acidosis kapena matenda a acid
Zifukwa: kuchepa kwapang'onopang'ono kapena lakuthwa kwa pH. Mwina ndi kuwaza kwa nsomba, mawonekedwe a oyamba kumene mu aquarium.
Zizindikiro: nsombayo imakhala yoopsa komanso yochenjera, mawanga oyera otuwa pang'onopang'ono amatuluka matupi awo, amayamba kusambira m'mbali kapena m'mimba. Nsomba zakufa zimadzigugudubuza, ndipo mabatani amatsekedwa. Kuchepa kwambiri kwa pH (izi zimachitika nsomba zikasamutsidwa), nsomba zimathamangira, kuyesayesa kutuluka, kutseka ntchofu zambiri. Amamwalanso.
Chithandizo: kuwonjezera soda ku aquarium kuti ikhale yofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa acidity, kusintha kwa madzi, kusintha pafupipafupi mtsogolo.
Kunenepa kwambiri
Chifukwa: kudyetsa yunifolomu, chakudya chouma, kuchuluka kwa madzi am'madzi.
Zizindikiro: nsomba sizigwira ntchito, pamimba pamatupa. Magazi amawala, mawonekedwe a minofu ya adipose pazinthu zamkati, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa ntchito yawo ndi kufa kwa nsomba.
Kunenepa kwambiri nthawi zambiri kumapha. Katetezedwe - koyenera, kudyetsa pafupipafupi magawo osiyanasiyana akudyetsa ambiri, kutsitsa, popanda chakudya, masiku kamodzi pa sabata, voliyumu yokwanira ya kusambira kwaulere.
Chlorine poyizoni
Zifukwa: chlorine yambiri m'madzi, zomwe zimachitika madzi ampopi atakhala kuti sanakonzekere kusintha.
Zizindikiro: nsomba zikakhala pamtunda, zimayesa kudumphira m'madzi, ndiye kuti matumba awo amtunduwu amayamba wotumbululuka, zoopsa zimachitika, nsomba sizilandira kukwiya ndikufa.
Chithandizo: kusamutsira nsomba kukhala m'madzi ndi madzi abwino. Sungani madzi kuchokera ku chisa chlorine kwa maola osachepera 48, mumadutsa fayilo yamakala. Mutha kuthana ndi chlorine mwachangu m'madzi mwakuwotha mpaka madigiri 90.
Zolemba zina
Potaziyamu permanganate ndi njira yothanirana ndi nsomba za ectoparasites (zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo osamba pang'ono ndi mafuta odzola), komanso kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a aquarium omwe agulika m'sitolo (10 mg / l - mphindi 30) ndi aquarium yokha (1 g / l).
Potaziyamu permanganate ndiwofunikira pakumwa kwa nsomba zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi protozoa (ichthyophthirius, chylodonella, costia, oodinium, trichodina), crustaceans (lernia ndi argulus), ma genetic flukes ambiri (dactylogiruses ndi hydrodactylus), komanso leeches (zopukutira). Ntchito potaziyamu permanganate komanso dermatomycosis. Sizingathandize pokhapokha ngati matenda a nsomba apezeka ndi matenda opatsirana.
Njira yokhazikika ya potaziyamu permanganate imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafuta kuti agwirizike m'mphepete mwa nsomba zomwe zimapangidwira kapena kuti muchotse tiziromboti tomwe timalowa mthupi.
Zochizira kusamba mapangidwe: 0,5 g potaziyamu permanganate pa 10 L madzi. Nsomba zimasamba m'mawa ndi madzulo kwa mphindi 15 (nthawi yomwe ikusamba ikhale maola 12).
Fin zowola
Kupatulapo, nsomba zonse zimatengedwa ndi matenda ngati zowola. Zimayamba ndikuphimba kwamaso m'mphepete, kenako malekezero a mphezi amagwa.
Poyambirira, matendawa amathandizidwa mosavuta ndi mchere ndi potaziyamu permanganate. Choyamba, nsomba imasamba kwa mphindi 10 mu mchere wa 2,5%, ndiye kamphindi - mu 1% yankho lamchere ndi potaziyamu permanganate, wothira mtundu wa pinki. Plaque mbisoweka pamaso pathu.
Argulez (nyambo ya nsomba)
Kudziwa chizindikiro cha matendawa si kovuta: tiziromboti taphatikizika timawoneka ndi maliseche. Chizindikiro chachiwiri ndi chakuti nsomba imachita zosasangalatsa ndikusaka miyala.
Kuti athandize wodwalayo, nsomba zimagwidwa kuchokera ku aquarium ndikuziyika mumtambo wonyowa. Kuphatikiza apo, zimayikidwa kuti malo okha omwe ali ndi majeremusi oyamwa akhalebe otseguka. Tsopano ikhoza kuchotsedwa mosamala ndi ma tweezers. Chilondacho chimathandizidwa ndi tripoflavin kapena yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate. Muthanso kumiza nsomba kwa masekondi 10 mu yankho la 0.2% lysol.
Dermatomycosis, matenda amfupa, gawo loyamba la zilonda zam'mimba
Khalani osambira achire malinga ndi njira yomwe tafotokozayi kale. Komanso, wina sayenera kuyiwala kuti makhiristo a potaziyamu permanganate amayamba kusungunuka mu kapu yamadzi, ndipo pokhapokha yankho limawonjezedwa pakusamba. Pali lingaliro: osati yankho lonse limatsanuliridwa nthawi yomweyo, koma theka lokha la ilo, zotsalazo zimangowonjezeredwa pambuyo pa mphindi 5.
Mukamasamba nsomba, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe amakhalira: ngati nsombazo zikupendekeka kapena kutembenukira kumbali, zimatumizidwa nthawi yomweyo ku chidebe chomwe chili ndi madzi abwino ndipo ndende ya yankho imachepetsedwa. Mafuta akakhala m'matumbo a nsomba, musadandaule: izi sizowopsa.
Nthawi iliyonse, njira yatsopano ya potaziyamu ya potaziyamu imakonzedwa kuti isambe ndipo madzi amatetezedwa bwino kuti akasungidwe komwe nsomba zimasambira.
Kuthana ndi matendawo kumachitika ngati matenda opatsirana apezeka mu biotope, kuti asafalikire komanso kuti asafalikire.
Zomera monga ciliates, flagellates, flukes, zomwe ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda: ichthyophthyridiosis, trichodiniasis, chylodonellosis, boneosis, oodiniosis, hexamitosis, cryptobiosis, dactylogyrosis, gyrodactyliosis, popanda wochititsa, khalani mu biotope kwakanthawi kochepa. Chifukwa chake, ngati wam'madzi akutsimikiza kuti majeremusi omwe ali pamwambawa ndi omwe ankawagwiritsa ntchito, ndiye kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndiosankha tokha. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kuchotsa nsomba kuchokera mumtsinje kwa masiku 15, ndikusintha madzi, ndikusunga kutentha mu aquarium kwa madigiri 26-28 kwa masiku 12, omwe masiku 3 - 32-33 madigiri. Majeremusi akuluakulu adzafa m'masiku atatu oyamba, ndipo omwe atakutidwa ndi ma cysts, atakula m'masiku 3-12, sadzapeza mlendo watsopano ndipo amwalira m'masiku atatu (kutentha kwa madigiri 32-33 kuwapha). Pambuyo pa nthawi yomwe mwatchulayi, mutha kuyambiranso nsomba.
Koma tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri opatsirana amatha kukhala m'madzimo kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kukhalabe pamndandanda wamakhalidwe, mazira, ndi zina zambiri. Muzochitika izi, aquarium, mbewu, nthaka, zida zimatha kupezeka ndi disinfection.
Panthawi yophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, aquarium imathandizidwa ndi yankho la mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Zosefera, ma nebulizer, maukonde amawiritsa kwa mphindi 10-15. Ziphuphu, matenthedwe, ma hoses, zosefera nyumba (kutanthauza pulasitiki), makapu oyamwa ndi mphira sangabowole. Amathandizidwanso mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Sprayers amatha kusungidwa mu nitric acid kwa maola angapo. Malondawo amathandizidwa ndi burashi yofewa, kutsukidwa kangapo ndi madzi. Nthaka ya aquarium imawiritsa kwa mphindi 30 kapena kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.
• 0.1% potaziyamu ya potaziyamu potanganum,
• 3% yankho la chloramine,
• 4% formalin yankho,
• 5% yankho la hydrochloric kapena sulfuric acid,
• 5% yankho la bleach.
Njira yothira mafuta m'madzi ndi motere: nsomba, zomera, zipolopolo ndi ma hydrobionts ena amachotsedwa mu biotope (zimayikidwa padera pakapangidwa, mwachitsanzo, nsomba imayikidwa pansi), chotengera chimatsanulidwa ndi yankho lakumaso kwa tsiku limodzi, tsiku lotsatira yankho limatsanulidwa ndikutsukidwa kangapo madzi oyera. Pambuyo pake, biotope imayambitsidwanso.
Ndi mycobacteriosis, sizingathandize kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a acidic, popeza mabakiteriya sawayankha. Pofuna kuthira matendawa ndi matendawa, kutsuka kwa ufa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito (450 g ya ufa pa 30 30 malita a madzi). Kutulutsa kumatsukidwanso mu yankho lomweli. Pambuyo pa kupha tizirombo, zinthu zonse zimatsukidwa kangapo ndi madzi ofunda ndikuwumitsidwa, ndiye kuti madzi amawatsanulira mu chotengera, chimatsalira kwa masiku angapo, kenako chimatsanuliridwanso ndipo nthawi ino kwathunthu.
Ndi mycobacteriosis, aquarium ndi zida zingathenso kuthamangitsidwa ndi njira ya 5% yankho la bulichi kapena 3% yankho la chloramine: kutsanulira 1 litre yankho mu aquarium ndikumaseseratu makoma amkati ndi akunja kangapo patsiku. Zitatha izi, Aquarium imatsitsidwa kangapo, nthaka imathiridwa ndikuthira madzi oyera, okhazikika, mbewu zimabzalidwa ndipo nsomba zimayambitsidwa masiku angapo pambuyo pake.
Pofuna kuthira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mutha kuyikanso mazoni amadzi kapena kuthirira ndi nyali ya bactericidal kwa mphindi 15-20.
Zomera, ngati sizingawonongeke, zimayikidwa mu yankho la penicillin (50 mg pa 10 malita a madzi). Mutha kugwiritsanso ntchito yankho la bicillin-5 pamiyeso ya magawo 150,000 pama malita 10 a madzi. Kuthana ndi matenda osamba osambitsidwa kumachitika mumtsuko ndi madzi kutentha kwa madigiri 24-26 (kumtunda, kutengera mtundu wa mbewu) kwa masiku 5-6 (mpaka milungu iwiri). Njira yothira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi patsiku, mutasintha madzi. M'mola iwiri yoyambirira, bwatolo limasungunuka, kenako limasungidwa.
M'matenda ena (makamaka oyambitsidwa ndi ma sporozoans, mwachitsanzo, ndi pleistophorosis, glucoseosis, nodular matenda, ma causative othandizira omwe amatha kupumula mu mawonekedwe a spores otetezedwa ndi membrane), kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda am'madzi ndi zam'madzi sizimapereka zotsatira. Poterepa, mbewuzo zimawonongeka.
Mwachidziwikire, kuthira mafuta m'madzi ndi ntchito yotenga nthawi yambiri.
Zochita, ngakhale akatswiri odziwa ntchito zam'madzi amazigwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza: makamaka pakachitika mliri wambiri. Chifukwa chake, njira yabwino ndikuletsa kuyambika kwa matenda opatsirana omwe ali mu biotope, yomwe imatheka ndikukhazikitsa zofunikira zam'madzi zomwe zangofika kumene, kupewa matenda ku aquarium, kusankha mosamala ndikusintha kwa chakudya (moyo), chisamaliro choyenera, kuyang'ana tsiku ndi tsiku ndikukana nsomba ndi matenda omwe akukayikira, etc.
Momwe mungagwiritsire tizilombo toyambitsa matenda atatha kufa nsomba?
Anthu omwe adafa amafunika kuponyedwa kunja, ndipo omwe atsala ayenera kugwidwa ndikugonekedwa mchidebe chokhala ndi madzi otetezedwa, ndiye kuti, amawasungitsa kwayokha. Ngati matenda a nsomba anali opatsirana, ndiye kuti muyenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'madzimo. Chonde dziwani kuti anthu okhala mu ufumu wamadzi omwe adatengedwa ndi majeremusi, chilengedwe chizichira pakapita kanthawi. Kupatula apo, majeremusi samakhala nthawi yayitali popanda kuchitira ena.Izi zidzachitika mu masiku 12-15, pokhapokha ngati madzi asinthidwa ndi 50-80% ndipo fyuluta imatsukidwa.
Ngati nthendayi inali yopatsirana, ndiye kuti iyenera kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a penicillin. Njira yothetsera imakonzedwa kuchokera ku 50 mg ya mankhwalawa ndi malita 10 a madzi pa kutentha kwa madigiri 25. Nsomba zonse zimayikidwa pamenepo. Njira yatsopano imakonzedwa tsiku lililonse ndipo nsomba zimasungidwa m'masiku 6.
Ndikofunikira kukonza nyama zonse za m'madzi zokhala ndi kachilombo. Zomera zimasungidwa mwanjira yofananayo kwamasiku atatu. Chidebe chomwechokha, momwe ziwetozo zimasungidwira, chitha kupulumutsidwa ndi nyali yokhala ndi bakiteriya. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakumwa mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kwa mphindi 20. Mutha kuyang'ana kunjira inanso yopatsira kachilomboka pakalibe nyali. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kupukuta nyumba yagalasi ndi 3% hydrogen peroxide kapena kutsanulira mu chidebe njira yothetsera ya potaziyamu permanganate kwa maola 5-6. Kenako muzitsuka ngodya zonse ndi magalasi mumadzi ndi madzi.
Njira ina yothandizira kupewera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa kale, zomwe zitha kugulidwa ku malo ogulitsa ziweto. Musanagwiritse ntchito, onetsetsani kuti mwavala magolovu. Amaloledwa kuphatikiza mankhwala okhala ndi galasi wokhala ndi chloramine kapena formalin.
Pambuyo pokonza izi, mchenga wakale ungayikidwe mu nyumba ya nsomba, koma uyenera choyamba kuwezedwa mu uvuni kwa mphindi 45-60.
Chifukwa chake, pamaso pa matenda opatsirana, okhalamo m'nyumba ya nsomba ayenera kuchita zonse momwemo. Koma kubweretsa vutoli mopitirira muyeso ndikosayenera. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mosamala momwe nsomba zimasinthira, kusintha pafupipafupi madzimadzi, kuyankha panthawi yake ngati matenda am'madzi.