Mwachizolowezi, kulimbana kwa agalu kulibe, chifukwa palibe gulu limodzi lazachipembedzo padziko lapansi lomwe limazindikira kukhalapo kwawo (mu magulu amtundu wina mulibe lingaliro lotere). Kunena zowona, galu aliyense wamkulu mokwanira, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale yaying'ono, koma wokhala ndi mawonekedwe aukali komanso kutenga nawo mbali pomenya nkhondo, amathanso kuonedwa motere.
Chiyambire ndi cholinga chomenyera zoweta za agalu
Mwambo womenya ndewu zamagazi womwe unayambira ku Roma wakale, nthawi imeneyi ndikuti agalu akulu amtundu wa Molossian adayamba kuluma pakati pawo, komanso ndi nyama zina (zimbalangondo, ng'ombe zamphongo, mikango, ndi zina) kuti adziwe wopambana. Ndewu zochititsa chidwi zinkachitikira ku Coliseum ndipo anali otchuka kwambiri. Pakadali pano, zosangalatsa zamtundu wankhanza za anthu ndizoletsedwa pafupifupi m'maiko onse, kupatula Turkmenistan, Honduras, Japan ndi mayiko ena aku Asia.
Mbawala za agalu zakhala zikutchuka kwazaka zambiri
Pit ng'ombe terriers ndizoyipa kwambiri komanso zakupha, malinga ndi ambiri okhala kumeneko, agalu omwe amawaganizira kuti akumenya nkhondo, adawomberedwa m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ku England podutsa mabulogu akuluakulu koma osasunthika okhala ndi zigawo zamphamvu komanso zoyenda. Mukuswana, zokonda zinkaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe anali olimba komanso opatsidwa chidwi mwachangu, komanso kuthekanso kopanga zigamulo zodziyimira pawokha komanso samva kupweteka pang'ono (nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi khungu lakuda ndi chovala cholimba). Kukangana kwa anthu sikunalimepo kapena kuphatikizidwa mwabadwa. Agalu omenyera masiku ano amaphunzitsidwa kusamala, kuteteza, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magwiridwe antchito.
Galu wolimbana ndi nthumwi ya galu wobedwedwa ndi munthu makamaka pomenya, kumenyana ndi agalu ena (pafupifupi. Pit ng'ombe terrier). Gulu loweta lankhondo kulibe mu FCI.
Bull terrier
Ching'ombe cha Chingerezi chimakhala cha kukula kwa agalu, kutalika kwake sikumaposa 53-56 masentimita, ndipo osalemera kuposa 23-25 kg. Ali ndi minofu yolimba, yosinthika komanso yolimba. Galu ndiwosuta kwambiri ndipo ndiyosavuta kuyendetsa. Mutu wokongola wokhazikika wokhala ndi miyala yozama, yopapatiza komanso yodontha, maso a alkali samapangitsa kuti aliyense azimvera chisoni. Maonekedwe ndi owopsa kwambiri, koma mawonekedwe, malinga ndi eni ambiri, sagwirizana ndi izi konse.
Malo opangira ng'ombe ali ndi maonekedwe enieni osati mbiri yabwino.
Oimira mtundu uwu amadziwika ndi wokondwa komanso wabwino, yemwe simungathe kuyembekezera kuchokera ku galu wowopsa.
American Pit Bull Terrier
Ma ng'ombe, kapena ng'ombe zamphongo, monga ma pit ng'ombe a ma pitft nthawi zambiri amatchedwa, sizisiyana mu miyeso yayikulu (kulemera - 14-27 makilogalamu, kutalika kufota - 43-53 cm). Agalu ndi olimba, olimba, othamanga komanso oyenera, kuphatikiza mphamvu, mphamvu ndi chidaliro, ndikusungabe chisomo komanso mafoni. Wokonda kwambiri, wokhala ndi chikhalidwe cholimba kwambiri komanso mzimu wamphamvu wolimbana. Mulingo waukali wa zoo ndi wokwera. Mtunduwu suzindikiridwa ndi FCI ndipo ndi woletsedwa m'maiko ambiri a European Union.
American Pit Bull Terrier ndi mtundu womwe umakhala ndi mbiri yoyipa pamaso pa anthu, koma kwenikweni, agalu amtunduwu alibe zoyipa zambiri kuposa terrier iliyonse
Staffordshire Bull Terrier
Ogwira ntchito ndi otsika (35-40 cm), okhathamira, pang'ono pang'onopang'ono komanso owoneka bwino. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya mtunduwu ndi miyendo yayifupi, yokhala ndi manja awiri. Galu amagwira ntchito mosamala komanso mwamphamvu. Mwambiri, kwa agalu awa, kuwonekera kwaukali sikamakhala kwachikhalidwe, koma nthawi zina pamabwera anthu omwe amapatsidwa machitidwe onse omenyera nkhondo, kuphatikiza kuchita zankhanza ndi kufunika koyeza mphamvu ndi aliyense.
Staffordshire Bull Terrier idapangidwa zikhalidwe za wankhondo wolimba mtima komanso wamphamvu, koma pambuyo pake mtunduwu unasintha zomwe cholinga chake chinali kupangitsa galu kukhala bwenzi labwino komanso bwenzi lenileni
American staffordshire terrier
Amstaff ndi galu lamphamvu, samatalikirana kwambiri (43-48 cm), othamanga, galu wambiri wokhala ndi mafupa olimba ndi minofu yazitsulo. Galu ndiwanzeru, wopatsidwa mtundu wamnzeru, mphamvu, komanso wotchukira wotchi, chitetezo komanso mikhalidwe yolimbana nayo. Mtunduwu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe osemphana, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe osiyana (ukali ndi nkhanza motsutsana ndi kukometsa komanso kusauka, chikhalidwe chabwino motsutsana ndi mkwiyo, wogwirizana ndi kubwezera, etc.).
Amstaff, aka American Staffordshire Terrier, ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri padziko lonse wa galu wokhala ndi mbiri yotsutsana.
Chotengera Chingerezi
Chotupa cha Chingerezi ndi chachikulu (kutalika kufota mpaka 80 cm, kulemera kumatha kupitilira 100 kg) mtundu wofanana ndi galu wokhala ndi mizu yachingelezi. Wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu, agalu omangidwa mwakachetechete ndi mawonekedwe abata kwambiri, palibe zomwe zatsalira za kukokomeza magazi komwe kudutsa kale makolo akale akumenyanawo. Galu amadzisunga yekha ngati munthu wamagazi amfumu, osadzilola kuti usokonekere ndi ana agalu. Zimphona zofatsa komanso zaulemu zimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri zachitetezo komanso ntchito yolondera.
Chingerezi Mastiff - galu mosazindikira amadzutsa ulemu kwambiri
Bullmastiff
Akuluakulu a ng'ombe zamphongo ndi agalu olondera m'nkhalango, omwe adathandiza asodzi kuti azitha kuthana ndi ozizira m'zaka za m'ma 17-18. Chipangizo chophatikizira ndi chopepuka ichi (kulemera - kuchokera pa 50 makilogalamu, kutalika - 61-69 masentimita) chimakhala chokhazikika pangozi, pangozi yochepa yomwe ali wokonzeka kuthamangira ku chiwukitsocho. Kunyumba, ziweto ndi ulesi komanso phlegmatic. Mtunduwu sukhala ndi vuto lankhanza lopanda pake, komabe, pakhala pali milandu yokhudza anthu.
Bullmastiff - mlonda wodalirika komanso mnzake wosatopa, akutsogolera gulu lake kuchokera ku bulldogs ndi mastiffs aku England
South Boerboel
Boerboel, yemwe dzina lake limatanthauzira kuti "galu wa famu", ndi wamphamvu kwambiri (kutalika - 60-70 masentimita, kulemera - 60-90 kg), nyama yayikulu ndi yamphamvu, yozizira komanso yosinthika, imathandizira pompopompo komanso kuti athe kuyesa momwe zinthu ziliri. Makhalidwe otetezedwa agalu ali pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri, kotero ndikosavuta kusasiyanitsa ndikuyambitsa mkwiyo. Milandu yaku Boerboel yokhudza anthu idalembedwa. Mtundu waku South Africayu sudalembedwa pa FCI.
South Africa Boerboel - woimira wa Molossians, koma wamphamvu komanso wamphamvu
Sharpei
Sharpei amachokera ku China ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi amtundu wakale kwambiri. Galuyo ndi wamkulu kukula (kutalika - 40-51 masentimita, kulemera - 20- 35 makilogalamu), womangidwa mwamphamvu ndi mawonekedwe oyamba kwambiri komanso osakumbukika. Kuswana kumadziwika ndi bata, kudziimira pawokha, kukayikira komanso kusakhulupirika kwa alendo, zomwe ndizomveka ndi ntchito yoteteza yomwe adayipatsa.
Shar Pei ndi mtundu wakale wodabwitsa womwe wasungabe momwe unachokera komanso mawonekedwe ake
Alabai
M'busa wodziimira payekha komanso wopanda mantha ku Central Asia, monga amatchedwanso Alabai, si woyamba kuwonetsa mkwiyo ndipo samenya mwamphamvu. Chachikulu kwambiri (kutalika - kuposa masentimita 70, kulemera - kuchokera 50 makilogalamu) ndipo chinyama chokwanira kudzachenjeza kaye kulira komanso khungwali, ngati izi sizinyalanyazidwa, galu amachita moyenera. Khalidwe la mtundu uwu ndi lovuta, galu amatha kukhala wopanda njira komanso wogwira.
Alabay (Agalu Lalikulu la M'busa ku Asia) ndiye mtundu wakale kwambiri wa agalu omwe makolo awo adachita nawo nkhondo zankhondo ndikumateteza
Gamper
Armonia Wolfhound ndi galu wamkulu komanso wamphamvu, agalu omangidwa mwamasewera. Pafota, galu amatha kufika masentimita 77-80, ndipo kulemera kwake kumatha kupitirira 70 kg. Amtunduwu amasiyanitsidwa ndi kusamala komanso kukhazikika, kuthekera kopanga zisankho ndikukhala pawokha. Gamper ndi wolimba mtima ndipo amakhala maso nthawi zonse, akuwonetsa mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yoteteza. Choyamba, zimateteza zolengedwa zonse zazing'ono komanso zazing'ono m'kumvetsetseka kwake (azimayi, ana, anaankhosa, ana agalu, ndi zina).
Gamper (Armfonia wolfhound) ndi mtundu wachilengedwe wakutali waku Armenia, womwe, malinga ndi oweta, safunikira kuphunzitsidwa mwapadera kuteteza mwini wake ndi katundu wake, zonsezi zili m'magazi a gamper
Galu wa Mbusa wa Caucasian
Mbiri ya kukhalapo kwa nkhandwe za ku Caucasian ili ndi zaka zoposa 2000. Agalu akuluakulu (mpaka 75 cm amtali komanso olemera kuposa makilogalamu 110) amadziwika kuti ndi amodzi mwa olondera abwino chifukwa ali ndi chidwi chodabwitsa kwambiri. Amphamvu, olimba mtima komanso olimba mtima, okhulupilika kwambiri kwa akunja. Amatha kukhala ankhanza, koma samachita popanda chifukwa.
M'busa wa Caucasian, kapena Wolfhound wa Caucasus, ndi mtundu wa agalu akulu olondera okhala ndi chikhalidwe chotsimikiza, chosachita mantha
Bulldogs
Kumenyanako kunapezekedwa ndi achingelezi aku America ndi aku America - atali, agulu ndi nyama zazifupi. Ma ambulansi ndi okulirapo pang'ono, kukula kwawo kumatha kufika masentimita 70. Agalu amadziwika ndi kukwiya kwambiri komanso kugwirana ndikufa, kuwonetsa mikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri yoteteza.
American Bulldog ndi chizindikiro cha American Marine Corps
American Akita
Akita ndi mtundu wachichepere wodziwika ndi nyumba yamphamvu, yopanda malire komanso yokhazikika yokhala ndi mafupa olimba komanso minofu yolimba. Agalu amadzidalira okha komanso ndizofunikira, anzeru komanso osasamala, ochezeka, koma atcheru.
American Akita ndi mtundu waukulu wobereredwa m'mapiri kumpoto kwa Japan
Akita Inu
Akita waku Japan ndi amodzi mwa agalu akale kwambiri padziko lapansi. Galu wamkulu (mpaka 67 masentimita) wokhala ndi mawonekedwe, wonyada, wolemekezeka komanso wodziletsa. Khalidwe ili lodziyimira pawokha komanso lopambana.
Akita Inu - imodzi mwa agalu akale kwambiri padziko lapansi, yowetedwa kumpoto kwa Japan
Kodi ndichabwino kupeza galu wokhala ndi mikhalidwe yomenyera
Agalu onse omenyera amakhala ndi zovuta komanso zodziimira pawokha, zomwe si aliyense amene angathe kupirira nazo. Ndizomveka kukhala ndi chiweto chokhala ndi mikhalidwe yolimbana ndi okhawo amene amadziwa galu wodziwitsa bwino yemwe ali ndi nthawi yokwanira yochita ndi nyama ndipo ali wokonzeka kumutenga. Ndizokhumudwitsidwa kwambiri kutenga galu womenyera nkhondo kwa anthu opanda nzeru omwe sakudziwa zambiri ndi agalu.
Wofewa, osatsimikiza za kuthekera kwake komanso mwini wake wosagwirizana ndi mnzake amapanga gulu lake kukhala chimpanda chomwe chingakhale chiopsezo kwa ena, komanso kwa iye.
Mmanja mwa munthu wopanda nzeru, agalu olimbana amakhala oopsa kwambiri
Msungwana wanga ali ndi bulldog waku America kwathu. Zachidziwikire, samathamangira konse motsatana, koma mawonekedwe ake onse akusonyeza kuti ndizosatheka kuseka naye. Munthu akangokweza mawu kwa mbuye wake, osatchula momwe zimakhudzira, baryo nthawi yomweyo imaponya bar, ndipo amathamangira kunkhondo.
Zinthu Zophunzitsa
Agalu omenya amafunika kuleredwa kuyambira ali aang'ono kwambiri.. Izi zoweta zimakhala zamtunduwu komanso ludzu kuti zizimenya nawo ndewu, kotero ana agalu amafunika kuyanjana nawo momwe angathere. Ziwetozo zimayenera kupereka nthawi yake yonse yaulere, kuyenda naye tsiku lililonse kwa maola awiri ndi awiri (pokhapokha pakung'ung'udza komanso kuthina), kum'patsa gawo lolimbitsa thupi. Pa maphunziro ndi maphunziro, muyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Nthawi zonse onetsani malo ake otsogola komanso otsogola, osaloleza galu kuti azikakamira zake zokha (mwiniwakeyo akhale wolamulira wosagwirizana),
- ngati kuli kotheka sonyezani okhwimitsa zinthu,
- liperekeni malamulo moyenera, mosapita m'mbali,
- Osagwiritsa ntchito ziwawa zakuthupi.
Agalu omenya ayenera kuphunzitsidwa
Ana ang'ono sangasiyidwe ndi galu wamtundu wankhondowo, popeza makanda amachititsa mkwiyo wanthawi zambiri.
Ndikofunika kuphunzitsira galu yemwe amakonda kupsa mtima kwa wophunzitsa waluso amene amadziwa kupha nyama ngati izi. Koma maphunzirowa sangokhala maphunziro amodzi kapena awiri omalizidwa, galu amayenera kuthana ndi moyo wake wonse, kwinaku akusunga mosamala kwambiri.
Agalu olimbirana bwino kwambiri
Chigawo chilichonse padziko lapansi chimadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yake yolimbana. Ngati mutenga Japan, ndiye kuti mtundu wa Tosa Inu ndiwomwewo, ndipo ku Pakistan, ma mastiffs aku Pakistan (Bully Kutta) amawonedwa kuti ndi mtundu wotere. Ku Russia, uku ndi mtundu wa wolfhounds ndi American pit bull terriers, ndipo ku South America, ndiye ku Great Dane ndi ku Fila wa ku Argentina.
Tosa Inu
Matendawa adabadwa chifukwa chogulitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya agalu kuti apeze mtundu womwe ungamenyane ndikuphwanya magazi komanso kutenga nawo mbali pomenya ndewu.
Dziko lankhondo lachi Japan lotchedwa moloss limadziwika kuti ndi Tosa, lomwe lili pachilumba cha Shikoku. Mitunduyi idakonzedweratu kumapeto kwa zaka zana zapitazo. Kutalika kwa akuluakulu kuli pafupifupi 80 masentimita, ndi kulemera kwa pafupifupi kilogalamu 60 kilogalamu. Thupi la galu limakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Chigoba cha galu ndi chachikulu komanso champhamvu, ndipo kamwa yake imakhala yolimba. Makutu amtundu wopachikika. Mastiffs aku Japan amakhala odekha ndipo samawonetsa kukhudzika pang'ono. Samva kuwawa ndipo alibe mantha. Khalidwe lawo lodziyimira pawokha limafunikira mbuye wamphamvu komanso wolimbikira. Galu weniweniyo amatha kupanga zisankho ndipo, pakakhala pangozi, amakumana ndi kuthamanga kwa mphezi, osapatsa mwayi wowapulumutsayo.
Omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomenya nkhondo amaphunzitsidwa kuyambira adakali aang'ono. Mchitidwe wophunzitsira galu umayendera limodzi ndi miyambo ingapo yachilendo, yomwe imadziwika kuti dziko lotuluka dzuwa. Ngakhale kumenyedwa kwa nyama zamtunduwu, Ajapani salola kukhetsa magazi, kotero mawonekedwe a ndewu ndiwofunikira kwambiri pakuwonetsa. Ngati mmodzi wa agalu avulaza mnzake, ndiye kuti galu wotereyu sadzayenererana kukhala ndi moyo, choncho tosa inu akumenya nkhondo samatha ndi kuvulala kapena kuvulala, makamaka imfa.
Fila brasileiro
Ku New Zealand, mtundu uwu umawonedwa kuti ndiowopsa kwambiri kwa anthu, motero kutumizidwa kwa agalu a ku Fila aku Brazil kudzaloledwa m'dziko lino. Malamulo ofananawo adakhazikitsidwa m'maiko ena a Australia. Nyama izi sizingatengedwe kupita kumayiko monga Republic of Cyprus, Israel, England ndi Norway. Kuti mupeze galu wa mtundu uwu, muyenera kupeza chilolezo chapadera kwa oyang'anira sitimayo.
Galuyo ali ndi mafupa amphamvu komanso mtundu wopindika wa khungu. Kutalika kwa akuluakulu kumaposa 70 cm, ndi kulemera kwa ma kilogalamu makumi asanu.
Mphindi yosangalatsa! Galu pamlingo wakubadwa amakhala ndi kukana kwa akunja, chifukwa chake, ngakhale pamipikisano kapena zowonetsera zosiyanasiyana, mtundu uwu umakhululukidwa chifukwa cha mkwiyo wawo wosasunthika kwa oweruza.
Ngati kupsa mtima kotereku kuli kwachiyero, ndiye kuti izi sizinthu zofunikira kuti tisayanjidwe. Nthawi yomweyo, oweruza saloledwa kukhudza nyamazo.
Mtunduwu ukhoza kupitilira mphamvu ya mwiniwake wosazindikira yemwe sangathe kusokoneza chinyama chake. Pankhani yolondola komanso yokhoza, komanso yofunika kwambiri mwaukadaulo wogwiritsira galu, bwenzi lenileni komanso lokhulupirika, komanso mulonda wopanda mantha yemwe wodzipereka kwa mbuye wake, atha kupangidwa kuchokera ku nyama. Nthawi zonse amateteza banja lonse, kuphatikizapo ziweto.
Bulli kutta
Amakhulupirira kuti komwe agaluwa amabadwira ndi Pakistan, ngakhale ambiri amakangana pazomwe mtunduwo udachokera. Pali mtundu wina womwe makolo akale a bulli kutts ankalondera akapolowo zaka mazana angapo zapitazo BC. Kuphatikiza apo, adawonekera ku Pakistan chifukwa cha Aperisi.Pomwe adathamangitsidwa kunja, galu adatsalira, akugwiranso ntchito zomwezo.
Kwa zaka zingapo, obereketsa akhala akukonza kunja kwa mtunduwo. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa ziweto kunachepetsedwa mpaka 85 cm, ndipo kulemera kwawo kunali kocheposa 90 kilogalamu.
Makamaka a bulli kutta amadziwika chifukwa cha kukhetsa magazi kwake, kusokonekera, komanso nthaka. Chifukwa chake, mastiffs aku Pakistani nthawi zonse amakhala otchuka chifukwa cha mikhalidwe yawo yankhondo, kutenga nawo mbali pomenya ndewu. Ngakhale izi ndizoletsedwa nthawi yathu ino, m'midzi ina ya India ndi Pakistan, mitundu iyi yankhondo imachitidwa.
Galu de bordeaux
Amadziwika kuti ndi mtundu wapadera. Ndikofunika kudziwa mawonekedwe apadera, owopsa omwe ali ndi makutu, omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi nkhonya wachikulire. Mtunduwo unkagulitsidwa makamaka kumenya ndewu zankhanza, zonse ndi agalu ndi nyama zina. Galuyu sadzayambiranso kumenyera nkhondo ngakhale wotsutsa atha kukhala wamphamvu komanso wamkulu kwambiri.
Nthawi inayake adagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zina. Ankathandiza alenje, kuteteza katundu wa nzika, komanso kunyamula katundu. Akatswiri akuba mabatani amagwiritsa ntchito agalu kuteteza mitembo yomwe inkatengedwa kuchokera kumalo ophera nyama kupita kumalo ogulitsira. Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale mu Nkhondo Yoyamba Yapadziko Lonse, agaluwa adathandizira kuwongolera omwe adalamulira kuti ayambe kuthamangitsa ovulala kunkhondo.
Pakadali pano, agalu a Bordeaux amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati alonda okha. Amawopseza ena osati pankhope pawo, komanso kukula kosangalatsa. Mastiffs aku France amakula mpaka 0,7 metres, akulemera kuposa 50 kilogalamu.
Galu amalondera kwambiri dera lake, chifukwa chake limawoneka lowopsa kwa onse (akunja) omwe amalimba mtima kuti aphwanye malire a gawo ili. Agaluwa amafunika kuphunzitsidwa komanso kusangalatsidwa nawo m'nthawi yake. Simalingaliridwa kukhala mtundu wolimbikitsidwa wa mabanja okhala ndi ana.
Boerboel
Mtunduwu unkadziwikanso kwa Asuri pomwe makolo a mtunduwu ankamenya nkhondo pomenya nkhondo. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti siivomerezeredwa ndi International Cynological Organisation, popeza ambiri amaganiza kuti agaluwa ali ndi magazi owerengeka, omwe amaimira maula opanda zingwe, okongoletsa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake agalu amtunduwu amakanidwa kwathunthu.
Ngakhale izi, ma Boerboels aku South Africa alipo ndipo akuimira gulu la agalu omenyera, omwe ali odziwika kwambiri. Awa ndi anthu akuluakulu, mpaka 70 cm kutalika kufota, omwe akulemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 60.
Mfundo yofunika! Ma Boerboels amatha kuyankha pawokha pazomwe zikuchitika. Ngakhale ndizochulukirapo, ndi nyama zosakhazikika, zosinthika komanso mwachangu, ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa.
Ma Boerboels amakonda kulamulira, nthawi zambiri amakana kutsatira malamulo a ngakhale mbuye wawo, yemwe amawonedwa ngati yekhayo amene angakhale ndi mphamvu pa galu. Kuti asawonetse nkhanza inayake, ayenera kukhala olemedwa mwakuthupi, okhudzika kwambiri ndi kusakhala ndi mphamvu, zomwe zimapindulira thanzi lawo.