Masiponji am'nyanja ndi mitundu yosiyana ya ufumu wa nyama. Zolengedwa izi sizokhala ngati nyama zokha, komanso m'njira zambiri pamakhalidwe ndi zakudya kuchokera kwa oimira wamba padziko lapansi.

Masiponji am'nyanja sanaphunziridwe bwino, chifukwa chake, zidziwitso za mitundu inayake ndizochepa. Koma tiyesetsa kutsegula chinsinsi cha dziko lapansi la zolengedwa zodabwitsazi! Nthawi ino chimphona cha nkhani yathu chidzakhala chinkhupule cha kunyanja chotchedwa "siponji ya volcano".

Dzinalo lina la nyamayi (imakhalanso ya sayansi) ndi chinkhupule cha Antarctic, kapena siponji yamoto. Nyama imakhala pansi pa nyanja za Antarctic (Nyanja ya Weddell, Ross Nyanja, ndi zina).

Mwa masiponji onse am'nyanja omwe akupezeka padziko lathuli, chinkhupulechi chimayenera chisamaliro chapadera, chifukwa chitha kupulumuka zaka masauzande angapo! Inde, mudamva bwino!

Panthawi yomwe asayansi amatuluka mchaka cha 1996, asayansi adatenga siponji ndi kuyeza zaka zake ... zotulukazo zidadabwitsa ngakhale okayikira kwambiri. Siponji anali zaka masauzande khumi! Tangolingalirani zinthu zingapo zosangalatsa zomwe siponji imodzi ingatiuze ngati angathe kulankhula.

Kodi siponji ya nyanja ya Antarctic imawoneka bwanji?

Mwa oimira ena amtundu wamtunduwu, chinkhupule ndi chiphalaphala. Mizere yake imafikira mamita awiri m'litali ndi 1,7 m mulifupi. Kapangidwe ka thupi la chinkhupulachi ndi ofanana ndi phiri, motero nyamayo inapatsidwa dzina.

Pakatikati pa thupi pali khomo lotseguka. Ena amayerekezera chimphona ichi ndi chikho. Njira imodzi kapena ina - chinkhupule ndichofanana ndi chimzake.

Mtundu wa siponji ya volcano imapezeka kuchokera oyera oyera mpaka oyera okhala ndi mithunzi yachikasu ndi imvi.

Khalidwe la Antarctic

Nyama zamtunduwu zimadziwika ndi cohabitation, kotero zimatha kupezeka m'magulu a anthu angapo, omwe amakhala pansi pa nyanja.

Kuya komwe masiponji ophulika amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala pakati pa 40 mpaka 450 metres.

Mbali inayake ya kapangidwe ka makoma a “vase” wa siponji yamoto yophulika ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Izi pores nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito nyama zam'madzi zingapo m'malo osungira, monga crustaceans yaying'ono, shrimp ndi nyongolotsi zam'madzi. Kwa zolengedwa zazing'ono zopanda chitetezo, nyumbayo imatha kutchedwa hotelo ya nyenyezi zisanu.

Choyamba, tizilombo tambiri timalowa mkati mwa chinkhupule, chomwe chimakhalanso chakudya cha "okhazikika". Kachiwiri, chinkhupule chophulika chimatulutsa zinthu zapadera m'thupi lake zomwe zimachotsa zilombo zoyipa. Zikhala kuti "alendo ogonera" amakhala ndi thanzi komanso otetezeka.

Masana abwino, owerenga okondedwa a njira yathu!

Timayesa kuti muli anzeru bwanji komanso anzeru bwanji?

Chifukwa chake, tili ndi ntchito imodzi yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa inu! Ichi ndi chithunzi chovuta kwambiri ndipo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa manambala chimasinthidwa ndi anthu osaposa 9%.
Tiyeni tizipita!

Kuyang'ana m'mapanga am'madzi, olekerawo adasowa. Mpweya wake wa okosijeni ndi wokwanira pafupifupi maola atatu

Kutuluka m'mapanga ali ndi maulendo atatu:

1) Choyamba, shaki yayikulu imamuyembekezera.

2) Kumbuyo kwachiwiri - ng’ona yanjala.

3) Pambuyo pa kuphulika kwachitatu kwapansi pamadzi.

Kodi njira yabwino yopulumutsira anthu ndi iti?

Yankho: Chifukwa chake, njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwitsira khomo ndi khomo lomwe khwangwala amakhala - khomo nambala 2. Nyama izi sizingakhale pansi pa madzi kwa ola limodzi mpaka maola awiri.

Chifukwa chake, diver yathu imangofunika kudikirira pang'ono mpaka ng'ona itasambira. Ndipo nkutuluka kuthengo.

Koma masiponji ophulika ndi adani, ndi ndani?

Ngakhale atha kudziteteza, siponji ya Antarctic idakalibe adani achilengedwe - ndi Acodontaster Conspicuus (starfish) ndi nudibranch clam Doris kerguelensis.

Koma ngakhale izi sizimalepheretsa siponji ya moto kuti ikhalebe chiwindi chofunikira kwambiri padziko lapansi pano.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

KWA ZONSE NDI ZOKHUDZA ALIYENSE

Kwa iwo omwe sanadabwe ndi matanthwe a coral ndi nsomba za motley - kutsamira pakati pa madzi oundana a Antarctic, mabwinja odabwitsa, mapiri apansi pamadzi ndi maliro apadera.

1. Museum of Contemporary Underwater Art - Mexico

M'mphepete mwa gombe la Mexico ku Cancun, kusambira ndi zochitika zachikhalidwe ndizofanana.
Panthaŵi inayake, Cancun Marine Reserve inali pafupi kutha: chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa alendo othandiza alendo komanso kusintha kwa nyengo, mathanthwe ake oyimbira a coral, limodzi ndi okhalamo, adawopsezedwa kuti awonongeratu. Pofuna kusokoneza anthu osasinthika am'matanthwewo, osalepheretsa alendo kuti azisangalala ndi madzi apansi panthaka, boma la Mexico lidathandizira kuti pakhale nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale kwambiri zamadzi padziko lonse lapansi. Pofika chaka cha 2011, ziboliboli zoposa 400 za anthu zidakhazikitsidwa pansi pa madzi m'mbali mwa nyanja.

Zilichonse zojambulidwa ndi wosema ndi wojambula Jason Taylor ndizopadera. Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakaleyo siikhala pansi kwambiri, motero onse osambira komanso osadziwa zambiri amatha kusambira pakati pazifanizo zake. Malinga ndi polojekitiyi, ziboliboli zisintha momwe zimawonekera chaka ndi chaka, pang'onopang'ono zokhala ndi ma corals, kuti mutha kubwerera kuno ngati malo atsopano mobwerezabwereza.

2. McMurdo Bay, Antarctica - kutsamira ayezi

Kuyambukira ku Antarctic? Inde, izi zimachitikadi: mkati mwa kutentha, nthawi zambiri kumatsika madigiri 40, momwe mulibe tizilombo, mbewu, kapena nyama zazikulu, anthu amapanga zinthu zosaganiza ndikugwera mwachindunji kuzama kwazizira. McMurdo Antarctic Gulf - malo omwe madzi oundana amasuntha mita ndi theka kuti atimizidwe m'madzi omwe mawonekedwe ake amafika modabwitsa 300!

Kutentha kwa madzi pansi pa ayezi wosanjikiza nthawi zonse sikudutsa zero. Maso a anthu ambiri akangozolowera kuunika kowala, anthu olimba mtima akadzipezeka pakati pa malo owoneka bwino, amakumbukirabe zolakwa za mwezi. Mwa njira, ngakhale kuli kozizira, m'madzi a Bay mungathe kukumana ndi anthu ambiri odabwitsa: siponji zowala, nyenyezi, jellyfish, anemones ya nyanja ndi hedgehogs. Nthawi zina mumatha kuwona ma penguin amfumu apa, ndikufalitsa madzi osakira nyama. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti si aliyense amene amaloledwa kulowa pansi pa dziwe: chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi luso komanso luso lozama kwambiri.

3. Chipilala cha Yonaguni, Japan - Mzinda Wotayika

Yonaguni ndi chilumba chaching'ono chomwe chili ndi ma kilomita 28 okha, omwe anthu ake ndi osakwana zikwi ziwiri. Ili pakatikati pa nyanja lotseguka, makilomita 125 kuchokera ku Taiwan ndi makilomita 127 kuchokera ku Ishigaki, chilumba chapafupi kwambiri ku Japan. Chilumbachi chitha kuona ngati sichingakhale gombe lake, amodzi mwa malo odziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi - mzinda wakale wotayika, womwe umadziwika kuti "Chikumbutso cha Yonaguni".

Mabwinja a pansi panthaka ali pamtunda wamtunda wa mamitala 5 mpaka 40 kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa chilumbachi ndipo lero ndi chimodzi mwazinsinsi zodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Masamba okongola, masitepe apamwamba komanso nsanamira zazikuluzikulu zimafanana ndi zomwe zidafotokozedwa zotsalira za kachisi wakale, yemwe kukula kwake kudali kotengera nyumba zonse zodziwika ndi anthu. Komabe, m'nthawi yathu ino, akatswiri ambiri amaphunziro amakhulupirira kuti Chipilala cha Yonaguni chinachokera ku chilengedwe chokha komanso china chilichonse. Mikangano pazokhudza miyala yamiyala, komabe, sizinathebe mpaka pano.

4. Sylfra, Iceland - cholowa chamayiko awiri

Nyengo ya ku Iceland, yomwe ili kumpoto kwenikweni kwa Nyanja ya Atlantic, sizimangokhala nyengo yakusambira. Komabe, zinthu zikusintha malo ena apadera dzikolo. Dziko lamapiri oundana, mapiri ophulika ndi miyala yamiyala ili pomwepa pamalire a mayiko awiri. Padziko lapansi, kusweka pakati pa Eurasia ndi America kumawonekera mu Nyanja ya Sylphra, yomwe yadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri padziko lapansi.

Madzi a Sylphra ndi oyera bwino: mawonekedwe ake amafikira 100 metres. Chifukwa cha mafunde amphamvu, madzi pano samazizira, kotero kuti anthu osiyanasiyana ali ndi mwayi wogwira manja awo kuseri kwa linga la mayiko awiri. Chokhacho chomwe simuyenera kuyembekezera pano ndi moyo wamadzi pansi pamadzi: kuchuluka komwe mungakumane m'madzi ozizira a nyanjayi ndi nsomba zazing'ono zomwe zimangamira miyala.

5. Banua Wuhu, Indonesia - phiri lamadzi

Kodi mungayang'anenso bwanji poyang'ana kuphulika kwa mapiri popanda kuwopa ziphalaphala zam'mphepete mwake komanso za poizoni?
Phiri lophulika pansi pa nthaka Banua Wuhu lili pafupi ndi chilumba cha Mahagetan ku Indonesia ndipo limakwera mamita 400 pamwamba pamadzi, okha ma 5 metres osafika pamadzi. Lava sichobisidwa m'matumbo mwake - m'malo mwake, mitsuko ya siliva imaphulika kuchokera pansi pa phirilo: sulufule, yomwe imachokera kwinakwake pansi pa dziko lapansi.

Mukayamba kulowa m'madzimo, ma coral owala kwambiri ndi zolengedwa zam'madzi zodabwitsa zimawonekera mozungulira inu. Mu nyengo yamitambo, pomwe kuwala kwa dzuwa sikudutsa pakati pamadzi, chilengedwe chodabwitsa chomwe chikulamulira pano, ndipo chete pansi pamadzi nthawi zina kumasokonezedwa ndi kubangula kwa phirili.

6. Neptune Memorial Reef - manda apansi pamadzi. Florida, USA

Manda oyambira ake okongola kwa iwo omwe nthawi yonseyi anali okonda kwambiri nyanja chifukwa chofuna kuti adzalekane nayo atamwalira. Apa, pafupifupi mita 15 pansi pa madzi, pali manda, zipilala, maepamanda ngakhale mabenchi.

Womwalirayo, yemwe adaganiza zoyikidwa m'manda munyanja nthawi yonse ya moyo wawo, adatenthedwa. Phulusa lawo limasakanizidwa ndi mchenga ndi simenti, ndipo zomwe zimayikidwa zimapatsidwa mawonekedwe ena - mwachitsanzo, zipolopolo kapena starfish. Osiyanasiyana amatsitsa pansi chifanizo. Ntchito yomanga manda ikamalizidwa, pali malo otsalira a anthu pafupifupi 100,000.

Aliyense wakuphika ndi chiphaso cha kuponyera amatha kukaona malowa. Mwa njira, anthu osiyanasiyana amakopeka pano osati kokha ndi ziboliboli zachilendo. Malo awa pafupifupi atangoyamba kumene kukhala moyo wam'madzi: pamwamba pazifanizo ndizaphimbidwa ndi masiponji am'nyanja ndi ma coral ofewa, ndipo pakati pawo nsomba zam'malo otentha zimakhala ndi gulu lokongola. Chifukwa chake okonda pansi pamadzi amapatsidwa mwayi wachilendo wosiyanasiyana wam'nyanja zakum'mwera kuti awone zakumaso zomwe zimawerengedwa kuti "Tidaperekeza agogo anga a Angelo ndi ma dolphin."