Bulu wa Nosy kapena kahau, monga amatchedwanso, ndi a banja la nyani. Nyani zapaderazi ndi gulu la anyani. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake enieni, amasankhidwa kukhala amtundu wina ndipo ali ndi mtundu umodzi.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri cha anyani ndi mphuno yake yayikulu, yomwe imafikira pafupifupi 10 cm, koma mwayiwu umagwira makamaka amuna. Mwa akazi, mphuno siili yaying'ono kwambiri, komanso ili ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Zili ngati kuti wakwezedwa pang'ono.

Achinyamata achichepere, mosaganizira jenda, amakhala ndi mphuno zazing'ono, ngati za amayi. Mwa anyamata achichepere, mphuno zimakula pang'onopang'ono ndikufika pamitundu yayitali pokhapokha pakutha msinkhu.

Cholinga cha gawo losangalatsali ku Kachau sichidziwika. Zingakhale kuti mphuno yaimuna yayikulupo, anyani amphongo okongola amayang'ana zazikazi ndikusangalala ndi mapaketi ake.

Amuna amphuno amalemera kawiri kuposa zazikazi

Chovala chofiyira komanso chofupika cha mbewa zam'mphuno kumbuyo kuli cholocha chofiirira chokhala ndi mawonekedwe achikasu, lalanje ndi bulauni, pamimba - imvi yopepuka kapena yoyera. Pamaso pa nyani palibe ubweya, khungu limakhala lachikasu, ndipo makanda amakhala ndi tinthu tofiirira.

Mingono ya mphuno yokhala ndi zala zazikulugwira ndi yayitali kwambiri komanso yopyapyala, imawoneka yosakhala yosiyana, yofanana ndi thupi. Amakutidwa ndi tsitsi loyera. Mchira wake umakhala wolimba komanso wolimba, bola thupi, koma zapamwamba sizigwiritsa ntchito konse, ndichifukwa chake kusunthika kwa mchira sikumapangidwa bwino, makamaka poyerekeza ndi michira ya mitundu ina ya nyani.

Kuphatikiza pa mphuno, chochititsa chidwi kwambiri mwa amuna ndi chowongolera chachikopa chomwe chimakutira m'khosi mwawo, wokutidwa ndi tsitsi lolimba, loonda. Chimawoneka ngati kolala. Mphamvu yowoneka yakuda yomwe ikukula m'mbali mwa msewuwu imatinso kutsogolo kwathu munthu wammphuno wamwamuna.

Kachau amadziwika ndi mimba zawo zazikulu, zomwe, mwa kufanizira ndi anthu, amatchedwa nthabwala zotchedwa "nyumba za mowa." Izi zimafotokozedwa mosavuta. Banja la anyani akuluakulu, mphuno wamba yodziwika ndimimba yake yayikulu yokhala ndi mabakiteriya ambiri opindulitsa mkati mwake.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timeneti timathandizira kuti foda iwonongeke mofulumira, ndikuthandizira nyamayo kupeza mphamvu kuchokera ku chakudya chazitsamba. Kuphatikiza apo, mabakiteriya opindulitsa amateteza ziphe zina, ndipo nosaschi amatha kudya zakudya zomwe kudya kwake ndizowopsa kwa nyama zina.

Ponena za mitundu ina ya anyani, a nosack ndi anyani apakatikati, koma poyerekeza ndi nyani pang'ono amawoneka ngati chimphona. Kukula kwa abambo kumayambira pa 66 mpaka 76 cm, mwa akazi amatenga masentimita 60. Kutalika kwa mchirawo ndi masentimita 66-75. Amuna, mchira umakhala wautali pang'ono kuposa wachikazi. Kulemera kwa amuna nthawi zambiri kumakulanso kuposa kumene anzawo amakhala nawo. Imafika pa 12-16 kg.

Ngakhale ndi kukula kwake, kulemera kwake komanso mawonekedwe ake osawoneka bwino, kahau ndi nyama zoyenda kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakonda kuthera pamitengo. Nosach amalowera panthambipo, akumamatirira kumanja kwake, kenako ndikukoka miyendo yakumbuyo ndikudumphira kunthambi kapena mtengo wina. Kutsikira kudziko lapansi kokha kumapangidwa ndi chithandizo kapena ludzu lokoma kwambiri.

Moyo

Nosachi khalani kunkhalango. Amadzuka masana, ndipo usiku ndi m'mawa, anyani amapumula mu korona wakuda wa mitengo pafupi ndi mtsinje, womwe adasankha kale. Ntchito yapamwamba kwambiri m'mimba zopanda mbewa zimawonedwa masana ndi madzulo.

Kachau amakhala m'magulu a anthu 10-30. Mgwirizano wawung'onowu umatha kukhala abulu, pomwe pafupifupi akazi 10 omwe ali ndi ana awo omwe sanafike paunyamata amagwa pa amuna amodzi, kapena kampani yangokhala amuna, yomwe imangokhala amuna osakwatiwa.

Zoyerekeza zachimuna zimakula ndikusiya mabanja awo (ali ndi zaka 1-2), pomwe akazi amakhalabe m'gulu lomwe adabadwira. Kuphatikiza apo, mu nyani zazimaso zazikazi, chizolowezi chosinthana ndi amuna ndi akazi chimachitika. Nthawi zina, chifukwa chogwira ntchito kwambiri podzipezera chakudya kapena kugona tulo tambiri, magulu angapo anyani amphongo amaphatikizika kwakanthawi.

A Kachau amalumikizana pogwiritsa ntchito nkhope ndi mawu osamveka: kututumula pang'ono pang'ono, kusokosera, kusokosera kapena kubangula. Nyani ali ndi mawonekedwe, sakonda kukangana kapena kumenyana pakati pawo, makamaka pagululi. Wachikazi wachikazi amatha kuyambitsa mkangano wawung'ono, ndiye mtsogoleri wa gulu ayimitsa izi ndi kufuula kokweza kwammphuno.

Zimachitika kuti pagulu la anthu otsogolera mtsogoleri amasintha. Wamphongo wachinyamata komanso wamphamvu amabwera ndipo amalanda maufulu onse a mmbuyomu. Mutu watsopano wa paketi amathanso kupha ana akale. Poterepa, mayi wa ana omwe adafa achoka pagululi ndi wamwamuna wogonjetsedwa.

Habitat

Nosach amakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje pachilumba cha Borneo (Kalimantan) pakatikati pa malo opezeka zilumba za ku Malawi. Ndili chilumba chachitatu chachikulu kwambiri kuchokera ku New Guinea ndi Greenland ndipo ndi malo okhawo padziko lapansi omwe kahau amakumana.

Amphongo amtundu wamtendere amakhala momasuka m'nkhalango zotentha, mitengo yamangati ndi dipterocarp yomwe imakhala ndi mitengo yayikulu yobiriwira, m'malo onyowa ndi malo obzalidwa ndi hevea. Pamtunda wopezeka 250 mamilimita pamtunda wa nyanja, nyani wamphongo ndiye kuti sangaoneke.

Nosach - chinyamazomwe sizimapita kutali ndi madzi. Kuwala uku kumasambira mwangwiro, ndikulumphira m'madzi kuchokera kutalika kwa 8-10 m ndikuyika mtunda wa 20 m pamiyendo inayi, ndipo makamaka m'nkhokwe zowirira za nkhalango m'miyendo iwiri.

Mukasunthira m'makona amitengo, mphuno imatha kugwiritsa ntchito miyendo yonse inayi, kapena kukwawa, kusuntha ndikutulutsa kutsogolo, kapena kudumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, yomwe ili pamtunda wawutali kwambiri kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.

Pofufuza chakudya, ma nosats amatha kusambira kapena kuyenda m'madzi osaya

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Pofufuza chakudya, ma nosaschi wamba amapita mpaka pamtunda wamakilomita atatu patsiku, mumtsinje, pang'onopang'ono kulowa mkatikati. Pofika madzulo, a Kahau abwerera. Chakudya chachikulu cha anyani ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba a mitengo ndi zitsamba, zipatso zosapsa, maluwa ena. Nthawi zina chakudya chomera chimaphatikizidwa ndi mphutsi, nyongolotsi, mbozi komanso tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.

Kuswana

Primates amaonedwa ngati okhwima, atakwanitsa zaka 5-7. Amuna nthawi zambiri amakula mochedwa kuposa akazi. Kumayambiriro koyambira, anyani akukhwima amayambira nyengo yawo yakukhwima. Pa kahau, wamkazi amalimbikitsa mnzake kuti akwatire.

Iye, ndi machitidwe ake okopa, akuwonetsa milomo yake ndi chubu, ndikugwedeza mutu, ndikuwonetsa kumaliseche kwake, akuuza mwamunayo wamkulu kuti ali wokonzeka "chibwenzi chofunikira".

Akakhwima, wamkazi amasaka ana kwa masiku pafupifupi 170-200, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kamwana kamodzi kamabadwa. Amayi amudyetsa iye ndi mkaka wake kwa miyezi isanu ndi iwiri, koma kenako mwanayo samakhala wolumikizana naye kwa nthawi yayitali.

M'masamba achikazi, mphuno siimakula, monga amuna

Utali wamoyo

Palibe chidziwitso chambiri cha kuchuluka kwa kahau omwe amakhala mu ukapolo, chifukwa mtunduwu sungasinthidwe. Nyani za mbewa zabwinobwino sizikhala bwino ndi anthu ndipo siziphunzitsidwa. M'malo achilengedwe mphuno wamba amakhala pafupifupi zaka 20 mpaka 23, ngati silikhalapo ngati mdani wawo kale, ndipo anyani okwanira amakhala nazo.

Nyani ndi mbewa zimatsutsana ndi nyani wakuthengo, ndipo Kahau ndi ziwombankhanga zam'madzi sizokondwerera kukadya nawo. Chiwopsezo chimadikirira nosy m'mitsinje ndi m'malo otetezeka a mitengo yamangati, momwe ming'alu ikuluikulu imawadyera. Pachifukwa ichi, anyani, ngakhale ali osambira abwino, amakonda kuthana ndi mayendedwe amadzi mdera laling'ono kwambiri la nkhalangoyi, pomwe ng'ona ilibe malo oti itembenukire.

Kusaka kwapang'onoko kumakhalanso ndikuwopseza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi, ngakhale kuti mbewa zam'maso ndizotetezedwa ndi lamulo. Anthu amasaka kahau chifukwa cha ubweya wokongola komanso nyama yokoma, malinga ndi nzika. Kudula mitengo yamangati ndi mvula, kuthamangitsa madambo, anthu amasintha nyengo pachilumbachi ndikuchepetsa malo oyenera a nosy.

Nthawi zambiri ma nosats amadya masamba ndi zipatso.

Nyengo zanyengo zimakhala ndi chakudya chocheperako, kupatula apo, zimakhala ndi mpikisano wolimba wa chakudya komanso malo ena - awa ndi ma macaques okhala ndi nkhumba komanso yayitali. Izi zapangitsa kuti anthu opitilira theka la anthu osachezeka achepetsa, ndipo malinga ndi International Union for the Conservation of Nature, ali pafupi kutha.

Zosangalatsa

Nosach - Primatemosiyana ndi anyani ena ndi nyama yodziwika bwino padziko lapansi. Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe ake achilendo, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimatsimikizira kupadera kwa nyani wakhungu.

• Mutha kuwona kuti kahau mokwiya ikhoza kukhala pamphuno yake yofiyira ndi kukulira. Malinga ndi buku lina, kusinthika kotereku kumagwira ntchito ngati njira yowopseza mdani.
• Asayansi amati anyani amafunika mphuno yayikulu kuti achulukitse anyaniwa omwe amapanga mawu. Ndi mawu okweza, abusa amadziwitsa aliyense za kupezeka kwawo ndikulemba gawo. Koma malingaliro awa sanalandirebe umboni wowonekera.
• Nosachi amatha kuyenda, kuthana mtunda waifupi m'madzi, kugwirizira thupi molunjika. Izi ndizofanana ndi anyani a anthropoid okhazikika kwambiri, osati anyani amphaka, omwe amaphatikizapo anyani amphongo.
• Kachau ndiye nyani yekhayo padziko lapansi amene amatha kudumphira m'madzi. Amatha kusambira pansi pamadzi pa mtunda wa mamita 12- 20. Namasaki amasambira ngati galu, ndipo zimagwira pang'ono ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo zimamuthandiza.
• Orsobulo nosochki amakhala m'mphepete mwa madzi abwino, chifukwa cha mchere wambiri ndi mchere womwe umapezeka m'mitengoyi, zomwe zimathandizira pakudya kwa mbewa.

Nosach Monkey m'malo osungirako

Bulu la nosach limatha kuwoneka mwachilengedwe pamtunda wa malo osungirako zachilengedwe a proboscis Monkey Sangment, lomwe lili pafupi ndi mzinda wa Sandakan. Chiwerengero cha anyani ambiri am'derali pafupifupi anthu 80. Mu 1994, mwiniwake wa galimotoyi adagula nkhalango yodulira ndikudzaliramo kanjedza lamafuta m'gawo lake.

Koma, ataona mphuno, adakopeka kwambiri kotero kuti adasintha zomwe adasiya, kusiya mitengo yamangati kupita kumapiri. Masiku ano, alendo mahandiredi ambiri amabwera kumalo osungirako chaka chilichonse kudzayang'ana anyani amtundu wawo kumalo awo achilengedwe.

M'mawa ndi madzulo, omusamalira amatenga mabasiketi akulu kumadera omwe ali ndi zokoma kwambiri za kahau - zipatso zosapsa. Nyama, zodziwika kuti panthawi inayake zimadyetsedwa bwino, zimakonda kupita kwa anthu ndipo ngakhale zimadzipatsa zithunzi.

Nosach pazithunzi, yokhala ndi mphuno yayikulu ikulunjika pamilomo yake, ikuyang'ana kumbali ya nkhalango zobiriwira za nkhalango, ikuwoneka yoseketsa.

Tsoka ilo, ngati njira za panthawi yake sizinatengedwe kuti muchepetse kudula mitengo mwachisawawa komanso osayambitsa nkhondo yolimbana ndi kuwononga zachilengedwe pachilumba cha Borneo, nkhani zonse zonena za anyani anyama zaposachedwa zimakhala nthano. Boma la Malaysia likukhudzidwa kwambiri ndikuwopseza kuti ziwonongedwe. Kachau adalowa mu International Red Book. Amatetezedwa m'malo 16 otetezedwa ku Indonesia ndi Malaysia.

Onani mafotokozedwe

Nyani yosemphana ndi ya anyani akuluakulu a kutalika kwake, kutengera kugonana, kulemera kwawo sikudutsa 20 kg ndipo kutalika kwa thupi sikupitirira masentimita 78. Chifukwa chake, avareji yaimayi yazikazi ndi 8-10 kg kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 55-65. masekeli 15-20 makilogalamu, kutalika kwa thupi - 73-78 masentimita. Monga lamulo, mchira, mosaganizira jenda, ndi wofanana kutalika kwa thupi.

Mbali yayikulu yamakedzana amphongo ndi mphuno yayikulu yooneka ngati peyala, pansi, kukula kwake imatha kufika 10 cm. Nthawi zina chiwalochi chimayambitsa zovuta zambiri pakudya, ndipo nyani amakakamizidwa kuzithandiza. Pophunzira luso la mphuno ndi cholinga chake, malingaliro a akatswiri adagawika.

Ena amati pakamakangana ndi anyani ena, mphuno yofutukula imasokoneza mdani.
Malinga ndi ena, chifukwa cha gulu lalikulu lopanga zinthu, anyani amatha kufuula mokweza, ndikufuula komwe nyamayo imalengeza kukhalapo kwawo m'gawo lililonse, motero imayika chizindikiro.

Enanso amati ndi ndendende ndi ukulu wa mphuno pomwe mkazi amasankha wamphongo wokhwima kwambiri msinkhu wakukhwima.

Mphuno yowola ndi mawonekedwe a amuna okhaokha, mwa akazi ndi ana anyama, chida chogwiritsa ntchito chaubweya ndichoperewera, chokwezedwa, chokhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu. Khungu pankhope pake limakhala losalala popanda chofunda, lokhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Kumbuyo kwa chitukuko chokhwima kumakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Mtundu wake umatha kukhala wakuda, wamtundu wofiirira kapena wofiirira wokhazikika, kapena wopepuka, wachikaso wowoneka bwino kapena wopaka. Chovala pamimba ndichopepuka cha beige kapena imvi.

Kuphatikiza pa mphuno, mimba yayikulu komanso kukula kwake, pali zosiyana zingapo zakunja pakati pa amuna. Pakhosi laimuna, tsitsi limakhuthala kwambiri, ndikupanga kolala, ndipo pali ululu wakuda, wamtali m'litali lonse la msana. Ponena za thupi, miyendo imawoneka ngati yokhotakhota komanso yotalikilapo, imakutidwa bwino ndi ubweya wonyezimira. Mchira wabwino kwambiri komanso wolimba, komabe, sugwiritsidwa ntchito, mosiyana ndi minyewa yotupa.

Habitat

Madera okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso malo otsika a mitsinje ya Borneo ndi malo okhala anyani amphongo. Malo omwe amakonda kukhala ndi ma peat bogs, nkhalango za dipterocarp, madambo okhala ndi mitengo yamangati. Kuphatikiza apo, anyani samera m'malo opezeka 250 m pamwamba pa nyanja, malo abwino kwa iwo ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja momwe mumasungiramo madzi.

Adani a Monkey Nosed

Nthawi zambiri, anyaniwa amagwidwa ndi njoka zazikulu, chiwombankhanga kapena abuluzi. Ngakhale atetezedwe ndi anthu aku Kahau, akupitiliza kusakidwa ndi asodzi chifukwa cha ubweya ndi nyama yamtengo wapatali. Akalulu osuta omwe amakhala ku Borneo amakonda kusaka ng'ombe, ndipo pafupifupi sadzaukira anyani.

Zifukwa zakuchuluka kwa anthu

A Nosachi ndi osambira abwino kwambiri okhala ndi ma tawi otakataka kuti awathandize kusambira pamayendedwe othamanga. Anyani amtundu wa Savvy amagwiritsanso ntchito nthambi zamiyala kudutsa kuchokera ku banki kupita ku ina. Gulu la nosers nthawi zonse limawoloka mtsinje m'chigawo chake chochepetsetsa. Izi sizimangonenedwa pongowaganizira kuti zingakhale zosavuta, komanso motetezeka: olusa amathanso kuukira osachedwa kuwoloka mtsinje. Mmodzi mwa adani akuluakulu a anyaniwa ndi ng'ona yamtundu winawake, yomwe ndi mtundu wa ng’ona zamadzi zatsopano. Chifukwa chake, kuwoloka malo ochepa a mtsinjewo kumalola anyani kuti apewe zoopsa. Komabe, zili m'malo awa pomwe anthu amapanga milatho, ndipo motsatira misewu ndi nyumba zosiyanasiyana zimawonekera pano. Gawo lofunikira kwa iwo limamasulidwa ndikuwonongeka kwa nkhalango yamatanthwe. Zotsatira zake, a nosaschi amakakamizidwa kuwoloka mitsinje m'malo owopsa komwe angafere.

Zina zomwe zikuwononga malo okhala ndi kuphatikizaponso kuphatikiza mgodi wosavomerezeka wagolide ndi kudula mitengo. Ntchitoyi imabweretsa kuphwanya kukhulupirika kwa nkhalangoyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kusuntha magulu a nyani. Asayansi omwe amawona machitidwe a magulu apadera ngati amenewa awona kale zotsatira za kudzipatula. Nyani amakonda kudya masamba onse omwe amapezeka komanso zakudya zina zam'mera, ndipo popeza sangathe kupita kudera lina, amayamba kufa ndi njala.

Kuwononga Moto

Kukhalapo kwa munthu m'nkhalango kumatha kukhala ndizotsatira zowononga kwambiri. Mu 1990s Borneo adawonongedwa ndi moto.Zinthuzi zinkayenda kwa milungu ingapo ndipo zinawononga mitengo yambiri yankhalango zowuma pachilumbachi. Zomwe zimayambitsa moto sizinakhazikitsidwe. Mwina kupezeka kwawo kumalumikizidwa ndi ntchito za alimi omwe, pofuna kuyesa kuchotsa nthaka chifukwa chaulimi, amalephera kuyendetsa moto.

Palibe kopita

Mosiyana ndi nyani wina ambiri, nosachi samayanjana ndi anthu. Sangapezeke m'nkhalango zotalikirana ndi madzi. Zomwe zimachitika, asayansi amawona zochepa zamchere ndi mchere mumadothi akutali ndi nyanja ndi mitsinje, mbewu zomwe zimagawidwazo sizoyenera kudyetsa nosoci.

Kuyesera kusamutsa anyaniwa ku Borneo kupita kunkhalango ina sikophweka, popeza mitengo yaming'amba ikuwonongeka padziko lonse lapansi. Zinyama zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zina zikuwopsezanso kuti ziwonongeka, ndipo zikafika posakhalitsa, zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.

Chiwerengero cha Kahau

Kudula mitengo mwachisawawa, kukhetsa madambo komanso kulima madera omwe kale ankakhalapo anyani, kumapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri kwa chiwerengero chawo. Madera otsalawo omwe angathe kukhazikikamo amakhala ndi mitundu yolusa kwambiri yamapira ataliitali. Gulu la Kahau limakopeka ndi kupha nsomba zambiri. Kwa zaka 50 zapitazi, chiwerengero cha anyani amphongo chatsika ndi theka, masiku ano anthu pafupifupi 3,000. Mitunduyi idalembedwa mu International Red Book ngati ikusowa.

Pamodzi ndi wopanda abwana

Oyang'anira amuna popanda abambo nthawi zambiri amakhala achichepere komanso odziwa zambiri kuposa omwe atenga kale, ndipo amakhala m'magulu osiyana.

Asayansi awona zochitika zoopsa m'magulu a azimayi. Chifukwa chokhala ndi malo ochepera ochepa, magulu akukhala osakhazikika. Akazi ndi makanda awo akusunthira kuchoka ku nyumba ina kupita ku ina. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama zazing'ono zochepa ndizobadwa tsopano kuposa kale. Mwachidziwikire, izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kufa kwakukulu kwa achichepere achinyamata kuchokera ku njala ndi matenda. Pakapita kanthawi, izi zikhala vuto lalikulu. Akalamba akamakalamba ndi kufa, ana awo ochepa sangathe kuchulukitsa anthu. Kuphatikiza apo, anyamata achichepere amapita ku magulu a bachelor ali aang'ono kwambiri kuposa kale. Akatswiri omwe akuphunzira za anyani satha kufotokoza zomwe zimayambitsa izi, koma akuwuzanso kuti zingaopseze kupulumuka kwamtunduwu. A.

Nosach (nyani): Kufotokozera

Ngati mungayang'ane kuchokera kumbali kupita kwa abambo achimuna, izi ndizoseketsa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti ali wofanana kwambiri ndi bambo yemwe amamwa mowa kwambiri. Mudziweruzire nokha: mawonekedwe omasuka, manja agona pamaondo anu, mphuno yayikulu yosasunthika, yodulidwira, monga anthu akunenera, "mowa" wamimba. Chithunzi cha "wokongola "yu chiri pamaso panu.

Amuna okha ndi omwe amatha kudzitama ndi mphuno yayikulu. Ali ndi mphuno yayitali kwambiri yomwe imafanana ndi nkhaka. Kukula kwa "umuna" uyu kumafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10 kapena kupitilira apo. Chilombocho chikayamba kukwiya kapena kukwiyitsidwa ndi china chake, mphuno yake imakula ndikuyamba kufiira. Zachikazi ndi zazing'ono sizikhala ndi zokongoletsera zotchuka chonchi; mphuno zawo zimatha kutchedwa kuti ndi zokhala ndi ubweya m'malo motalika.

Mbale (nyani) ndi yayikulu kukula, pomwe mchirawo ndi wofanana ndi kutalika kwa thupi lonse, womwe umakhala wa 70-75 masentimita. Akazi ndiwopamwamba kwambiri kuposa "abambo", kutalika kwa thupi lawo ndi 60-65 masentimita ndi kulemera pafupifupi 10 kg. Amuna amalemera pafupifupi 20 kg.

Mu nyani wamkulu, msana umakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi koma lozama kwambiri. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wofiirira, wa lalanje wowala, wautoto kapena wofiyira njerwa. Tummy wandiweyani nthawi zambiri imakhala ya imvi yopepuka komanso yoluka chikasu. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa amuna ndi akazi osati ndi mphuno zawo zazikulu;

Malo ndi malo a nosoci

Chilumba cha Borneo chili pamndandanda wamalo amenewo padziko lapansi omwe amakopa kukongola kwawo kwakuthengo. Mapiri amvula amakhala ndi nthumwi zodabwitsa za nyama. Kachau amakhalanso m'malo osangalatsawa. Nyani izi zachilengedwe zimangokhala ku Malawi kokha, zimapezeka pano m'mphepete ndi zigwa. Nosachi sakhala pamwamba pamtunda wa 200 mamilimita. Malo omwe amakonda nyama izi ndi nkhalango za mangrove ndi dipterocarp, ndipo zimapezekanso paminda ya hevea.

Moyo wa mbewa zachilengedwe

M'mawonekedwe, anyani amphongo akuwoneka kuti ali otumphuka komanso osakhwima, koma kufikira mutawona momwe amayenda modutsa mitengo. Nyamazo zimadumphadumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, zikugwedezeka m'manja, nthawi zina zimayenda, ngati anthu, pamiyendo iwiri.

Masana, nyani amakhala akuchita zochitika zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku; Masamba ogona amakonzedwa pamitengo yosankhidwa pasadakhale, osachoka kumtsinje kupitirira 15 m.

Gulu limodzi la anyani amphongo limachokera ku nyama 10 mpaka 30. Mtsogoleriyo ndi wamkulu kwambiri wamwamuna, wamkazi amakhala ndi akazi pafupifupi 8-10, ena onse m'banjamo ndi ana ndipo ndi achinyamata omwe sanakule. Amuna okonzekera kukhwima ayenera kusiya banja, pomwe akazi achichepere amakhalabe. Nthawi zina amuna okhaokha omwe sanakhale ndi ana awo amasonkhana pagulu limodzi.

Kutalika kwa moyo wa nyani nthawi yabwino kumatha kukhala zaka makumi awiri.

Kodi nyani wamphongo amadya chiyani?

Chakudya chachikulu cha nosoci ndi masamba achichepere ndi zipatso, posaka zomwe amadutsa tsiku mpaka kilomita ziwiri. Malinga ndi asayansi, nyama zamtunduwu zimadya mitundu pafupifupi 47 ya mbewu, pomwe 30 ndi masamba, ndipo 17 ndi mphukira, maluwa kapena zipatso.

Kuchulukitsa kwa anthu

Monga tanena kale, a nosy amapezeka kuthengo kokha ku Borneo ku Southeast Asia. Akuluakulu akuderalo akuyesetsa kwambiri kuteteza nyama zamtunduwu, koma izi sizingalepheretse kuchuluka kwa kahau. Malinga ndi asayansi, padziko lonse lapansi pali nyama zosakwana 3,000 kukhala ndi mphuno zodabwitsa.

Zonse ndizokhudza zochita za anthu. Nyani zimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, zomwe posachedwa zidasowa koma pang'onopang'ono padziko lapansi. Zikuwoneka kuti posachedwa zilumba za Borneo zidakutidwa ndi mitengo yaminga ndi nkhalango zamvula, tsopano ambiri a iwo m'malo ena awonongedwa kapena kuwonongedwa kwathunthu. Pafupifupi zaka zana zapitazo, anthu anali asanagone Borneo en masse. Panthawiyo, zinali zotheka kuyang'anira ma gulu angapo a nosas. Koma pofika anthu, madambo anali atakutidwa, anyaniwo analibe malo okhala, chifukwa chomwe anali atatsala pang'ono kutha.

Kufotokozera kwa mphuno

Achibale a anyani ena, ma nosas amakhala ndi thunthu pakati.. Kulemera kwake kwamphongo ndi 20 kg kutalika kwa 73-76 masentimita, zazikazi ndizopepuka komanso zazing'ono: ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 10, kutalika kwa matupi awo ndi 60-65 cm. Mosasamala za kugonana, mchira wa nyama uli wofanana kutalika kwa thupi.

Koma kusiyana kwakukulu kwa amuna achikulire, komwe kunapatsa dzinalo mtundu, ndi mphuno yooneka ngati peyala, kutalika kwake kungafikire 10 cm.Ngotengera cholinga cha gulu lanyumba, malingaliro a akatswiri a zoologists adagawanika.

• Malinga ndi mtundu wina, kuwonjezeka kwakukulu ndi kufalikira kwa mphuno m'mphuno zakwiya ndi njira yowopsezera mdani.
• Ndikothekanso kuti mphuno imakhala ngati gawo la resonator, kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa kulira kwa cachau. Poyerekeza kupezeka kwawo mdera linalake, anyani amalemba chizindikiro m'njira yachilendo.
• Zikuwonekeranso kuti kukula kwa mphuno kumatenga gawo posankhidwa ndi akazi a mnzake wokhwima panthawi yakukhwima.

Kukhala ndi mphuno yayikulu kwambiri ndi mwayi kwa amuna okhaokha. Mwa akazi ndi ana aang'ono, tanthauzo la fungo silili laling'ono, komanso linapanganso mawonekedwe ena: limapukutidwa mphuno mosiyanasiyana. Khungu lopanda nkhope ya nyani limakhala ndi maonekedwe achikasu. Kumbuyo kwa chinyama chachikulire kumakutidwa ndi tsitsi lalifupi. Imakonda kupakidwa penti yofiirira yofiirira ya malalanje, achikasu, ocher, ma brown. Mimba imakutidwa ndi imvi kapena kuwala kwa beige.

Kuphatikiza pa mphuno ndi m'mimba owoneka bwino, palinso kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu wa amuna kuchokera kwa akazi - khutu lachikopa lophimbidwa ndi ubweya wakhungu, ndikupanga kolala yowoneka ngati chitsulo m'khosi, komanso msana wowoneka bwino wakuda. Miyendo mogwirizana ndi thupi limawoneka mopendekeka ndi lowuma, yokutidwa ndi imvi. Mchira, komanso miyendo, ndichopepuka, champhamvu, koma mphuno sikugwiritsa ntchito.

Maonekedwe a masamba opunduka ndi onyenga: kwenikweni, a kahau amatha kuyenda modutsa mitengo, atatembenuza kutsogolo kwawo ndikukoka miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, potero amayenda kuchoka ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi. Nthawi zambiri anyani amakhala kumeneko. Ndimafunso amadzi okha kapena chithandizo chowoneka bwino padziko lapansi chomwe chimawatsitsa. Nosachi amatsogolera moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, kugona usiku m'makona a mitengo, omwe adasankhidwa kale pafupi ndi mtsinje

Ndizosangalatsa! Kuti muthane mtunda waung'ono pakusintha, kachau imatha kupita ku miyendo yakumbuyo. Ndipo amatha kusambira ngati galu, akudzithandiza ndi miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, yokhala ndi nembanemba. Awa ndi anyani okha omwe amatha kudumphira m'madzi: amatha kuthana ndi mtunda wa mamita 20 pansi pa madzi.

Nosoca amakhala m'magulu a anthu 10 kapena 30. Komanso, itha kukhala "gulu la amuna", komanso gulu la akazi 8-10, lotsogozedwa ndi wamwamuna wamkulu. Otsala a gulu losakanizikalo ndi ana okhwima msinkhu (ngati alipo). Mwachilengedwe, nosachi ndiwachilengedwe komanso sakonda kuwonetsa ukali, makamaka mkati mwa paketi. Nyama zimalumikizana wina ndi mnzake osati mothandizidwa ndi nkhope, komanso ndi mawu osamveka.

Mikangano ndi mikangano pakati pa mamembala achibale ndizosowa kwambiri ndipo zimazimitsidwa msanga: zoyeserera za azimayi aakazi opanga zodzetsa chisangalalo zimathandizidwa nthawi yomweyo ndi phokoso lamphuno lomwe mtsogoleriyo amapanga. Nthawi ndi nthawi, "kuphatikiza mphamvu" kumatha kupezeka m'matumba. Mnyamata wamwamuna wamwamuna wamphamvu ndi wamphamvu amakhala wamkulu, kumapitikitsa mpikisano, kumuletsa mwayi womwe anali nawo ngakhale ana. Zikatero, mayi wa mwana wophedwayo amasiyanso paketi.

Kuyesera kufalitsa ma nosy sikunachite bwino. Ofufuzawo anena za kuthekera kochepera kocheza, kusaphunzira bwino. Pachifukwa ichi, palibe deta pa chiyembekezo chokhala moyo wamsinga. Kuthengo, anyani amakhala pafupifupi zaka 20, ngati sakhala ogonana nawo kale. Mwambiri, nthawi imeneyi imatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu ndi kuchuluka kwa gawo lazodyetsa zomwe zimagawidwa m'gawoli.

Zojambula ndi malo amphuno

Monkey sock (kahau) ndi nyama yosowa kwambiri yomwe imangopezeka pachilumba cha Kalimantan (Borneo), yomwe ili pakati pa Brunei, Malaysia ndi Indonesia. Kusaka, komanso kudula mitengo mwachangu, zimapangitsa kuti malo azisowa.

Ngakhale kuti adalembedwa mu Buku Lofiyira, chiwerengero cha anthu chikucheperachepera, paliponse pali zosakwana 3,000 kachau. Nyama zosangalatsazi ndizofala kwambiri mdera la Sibah pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Kinabatangan.

Habitat nyama sock komwe mchere wofunikira, mchere ndi zinthu zina zofunikira m'zakudya zawo zimapuma, ndiye kuti, mitengo ya mango, mitengo ya peat, nkhalango zam'madzi, madzi abwino. M'madera omwe amakwera pamwamba pa nyanja kuposa mamita 350, ndizosatheka kukumana ndi nyama.

Kukula kwa amuna akuluakulu kumatha kufika 75 cm, kulemera - 15-24 kg. Akazi ndi ocheperako kawiri komanso opepuka. Nosachi ali ndi mchira wautali - pafupifupi masentimita 75. Kohau ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Pamwambapa, matupi awo amakhala ndi maonekedwe ofiira, m'munsi mwake ndi oyera, mchira ndi miyendo imachita imvi, nkhope yopanda tsitsi, yofiira.

Koma kusiyana kwawo kwakukulu kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya anyani ali pamphuno yayikulu, m'mimba yayikulu komanso mbolo yofiyira yowoneka bwino mwa amuna akuluakulu, omwe nthawi zonse amakhala osangalala.

Pakadali pano, asayansi sanapeze chifukwa chimodzi chofotokozera kuti mabomawo ali ndi mphuno zazikulu chonchi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti amathandizira zinyama pakutsamira ndikuyika ngati chubu popumira.

Komabe, funso limadzuka, bwanji osamiza akazi omwe alibe ulemu. Akatswiri ena amaika patsogolo mtundu kuti mphuno imathandizira kulira kwa amuna komanso kuthandiza kutentha kwa thupi.

Nthawi zina mphuno ya masentimita 10, yomwe mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi nkhaka, imasokoneza kudya. Kenako nyamazo zimamuthandiza ndi manja ake. Ngati chiweto chakwiya kapena chakwiya, mphuno imakulanso ndipo imasanduka yofiyira.

Ndi zaka, mphuno zimakulanso kukula. Ndizosangalatsa kuti kugonana koyenera nthawi zonse kumasankha wamwamuna wokhala ndi mphuno yayikulu kupitiriza mtundu. Zokha komanso zanyama zazing'ono, chiwalochi chimakhala chokhazikika pokhazikika.

Pachithunzichi ndi nosach chachikazi

Mimba yayikulu gulu chifukwa cha m'mimba. Muli mabakiteriya omwe amalimbikitsa kupatsa mphamvu kwa chakudya. Zimathandizira:

- kugawaniza kwa CHIKWANGWANI, zipatso zimapatsidwa mphamvu zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera ku greenery (ngakhale anthropoids kapena anthu amapatsidwa zinthu zotere),

- kusaloledwa ndi mabakiteriya amtundu wina wa ziphe, chifukwa chake, masassel amatha kudya mbewu zomwe nyama zina zimatha kuwononga.

Komabe, pali zovuta zina pamenepa:

- kusinkhidwa kwa zipatso zotsekemera ndi shuga zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale mpweya wambiri mthupi (flatulence), zomwe zimatha kupha nyama.

- Nosoachi samadya zakudya zokhala ndi maantibayotiki, chifukwa izi zimapha mabakiteriya m'mimba.

Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apoyamba, mphuno zazikulu ndi m'mimba, am'derali amatcha nosch kuti "nyani Wachi Dutch" chifukwa amafanana ndi achi Dutch omwe adalowera pachilumbachi.

Habitat, malo okhala

Zigwa za m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi gombe la Borneo ndi malo okhawo padziko lapansi omwe mungathe kukumana ndi nyani wakhungu. Malo omwe nthawi zambiri amasankha ndi mitengo yazitali kwambiri, mitengo yayitali kwambiri.

Ndizosangalatsa! Amphongo amphongo, ndikusankha malo awo, amapereka chidwi m'mphepete mwa mitsinje yamadzi ndi mitsinje. Amakhulupilira kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zina zamchere ndi mchere munthaka, zomwe zimadziwika mderali ndipo ndizofunikira popanga dongosolo lodyetsa nosal.

M'dera lomwe lili kumtunda kwa nyanja kuposa 200-350 m, kachau sitha kuwoneka.

Chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha nosach

Kumbali ya ma nosas, iwo ndi nyama yonenepa komanso yosalala, izi ndizoyimira zabodza. Amagwirana ndi manja, amalumpha ndikuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi.

Kuphatikiza apo, amatha kuyenda pamiyendo iwiri mtunda wawutali. Ndi ma giboni okhazikika ndi ma nos ochokera ku anyani onse omwe ali ndi kuthekera uku. M'malo otseguka, amasunthira miyendo inayi, ndipo pakati pamitengo yamitengo amatha kuyenda ndi miyendo pafupifupi.

Mwa anyani onse, kahau amasambira bwino kwambiri. Mwachindunji kuchokera pamitengo, amalumphira m'madzi ndikuyenda mosavuta pamadzi pamtunda wa mita 20. Amasambira "ngati galu", akuthandiza miyendo yawo yakumbuyo, pomwe pali ziwalo zazing'ono.

Mayi wachimayi kuyambira kubadwa amamiza mwana wake m'madzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amakwera pamapewa a mayi kuti adzaze mapapu ndi mpweya. Ngakhale amatha kusambira bwino, nyama sizimakonda kwambiri madzi, nthawi zambiri zimabisala kuchokera kwa tizilombo tokwiyitsa.

Nyani zachikondi izi zimaphatikizidwa limodzi. Ichi chitha kukhala harem, chomwe chimakhala chachikulire chachimuna ndi chachisanu ndi chiwiri, ena onse ndi ana ndi nyama zazing'ono. Kapena gulu la anyamata achinyamata odzipangira okha.

Akafika paunyamata, amuna amachotsedwa m'manja mwa akazi, pomwe akazi omwe akukula amakhalabe nawo. Mu gulu limodzi la osers, pakhoza kukhala nyama 30. Akazi achikulire amatha kusintha akazi nthawi zingapo pamoyo.

Usiku kapena kugawana kusaka zakudya, magulu amatha kubwera palimodzi. Nyengo ikulankhula pogwiritsa ntchito kubuula, kubuula, mawu osiyanasiyana amphuno, kutulutsa. Panthawi yaphokoso kwambiri m'nyumba ya abusa, abambo akuluakulu amayesetsa kutonthoza aliyense ndi mawu osavuta amkati. Mikangano ya mbewa imathetsedwa ndikufuula: Aliyense wakuwafuula mokulira, ndiye kupambana. Wotayika ayenera kusiya manyazi.

Kugona nosaschi pamitengo yomwe ili pafupi ndi madzi. Ntchito zawo zazikuluzikulu zimawonekera masana, ndipo zimatha ndikayamba kwamadzulo. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti nosoci sangathe kukhala kutali ndi madzi, chifukwa mwinanso sangakhale okwanira michere yonse yothandizira thupi.

Kuphatikiza apo, nyani uyu samayanjana ndi munthu, mosiyana ndi achibale ake ambiri. Makhalidwe onse omwe adapatsidwa ndi anthu ndiabwino. Amawafotokozera kuti ndi anyani amtchire, achinyengo, oyipa, ochedwa komanso aulesi.

Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kulimba mtima kwakukulu komwe amateteza gulu lawo akaukiridwa ndi adani, komanso kusoweka kwa malingaliro opusa ndi malingaliro apamwamba muzochita zawo. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi anzeru mokwanira.

Ration yamasamba

Maziko a nyani wakuthengo ndi:

• masamba ang'onoang'ono a mitengo
• mphukira zabwino
• Maluwa okhala ndi timadzi tokoma,
• zipatso, makamaka zosapsa.

Nthawi zambiri, "zakudya zamasamba" izi zimapangidwa ndi mphutsi, mbozi, ndi tizilomboti tating'ono. Kufufuza zakudya za Kachau kumayambira mumtsinje, pang'onopang'ono kulowa pansi kuthengo ndikuyenda m'mbali mwa aft. Kukwanira, nthawi zina amayenda ma kilomita angapo patsiku, ndipo kumadzulo amabwerera komwe amakhala.

Adani achilengedwe

Nyama zazikuluzikulu za nkhanu sizimapezeka ku Borneo. Adani akuluakulu a asisitere ndi ng'ona zikuluzikulu zazikulu zomwe zimakhala m'madambo a mitengo yam'madzi, mapiri am'nyanja, kumapeto ndi mitsinje. Zimasilira ndikuukira anyani zikaoloka mtsinje. Pazifukwa izi, nosachi, ngakhale kuti amasambira bwino, yesetsani kusintha posachedwa kwambiri m'madzi.

Zofunika! Makungu osuta omwe amakhala pamtunda siziwopseza kwambiri anthu obwera kudzacheza: kuchuluka kwa nyama zodyerazi ndizochepa kwambiri, kuphatikiza apo, amakonda kusaka nyama yayikulu - mbuzi, mbawala, nkhumba zakuthengo.

Nthawi zambiri, kahau imazunzidwa ndi abuluzi akuluakulu ndi abuluzi, chiwombankhanga zam'madzi. Kusaka kosaka ndi chiwopsezo china kwa iwo: munthu akuthamangitsa nosy chifukwa cha nyama yokoma ndi ubweya wokongola wakuda.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi kufotokozera

Dzina lathunthu la nyani ndi mphuno wamba, kapena m'Chilatini - Nasalis larvatus. Mtengo wamtunduwu ndi wa anyani onenepa kwambiri ochokera ku banja la nyani. Dzinalo Lachilatini la mtundu "Nasalis" ndilomveka popanda kutanthauzira, ndipo mitundu ya epithet "larvatus" imatanthawuza "chophimbidwa, chobisala" ngakhale nyani uyu alibe chigoba. Amadziwika ku RuNet ngati Kahau. Kachau - onomatopoeia, nosachi amafuula ngati izi, chenjezo la ngozi.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Kuchepa msanga kwa nkhalango yamvula, kudula mitengo kwa mitengo yam'madzi, kuthengo kwa madambo, komanso kulima mitengo yamafuta m'mapiri achonde kunapangitsa kuti zinthu zisinthe kwambiri ku Borneo.

Kukhazikika kwa nosy kwacheperanso, komwe, kukutaya mpikisano wamtunda ndi chakudya kwa omwe akupikisana nawo - mauwisi okhala ndi mapira atali ndi nkhumba. Izi, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa pazilumbazi pachilumbachi, zapangitsa kuti kuchuluka kwa mitundu pazaka 500 zapitazi kutsika ndi theka, ndipo masiku ano sikuposa anthu 3,000.

Ndizosangalatsa! Pafupi ndi Sandakan pali malo osungirako zachilengedwe a proboscis Monkey Sangment, komwe mumatha kuwona ma nosas mwachilengedwe. Mbiri ya malowa ndi yodabwitsa.

Mwiniwake wa nkhokweyo mchaka cha 1990 adapeza nkhalango yayikulu ya mitengo ya mgwalangwa. Kuwona nosy yemwe amakhala kumeneko, mwini wake wa mundawo adachita chidwi ndi anyaniwo zachilendo. Anafuna kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza moyo wawo komanso chikhalidwe chawo. Ataphunzira kuti nyama zatsala pang'ono kutha, anasintha njira zake zoyambirira.

Tsopano, m'malo mwa malo olimidwa mafuta a mgwalangwa, gawoli limakhala malo osungirako zachilengedwe, komwe kuli anthu pafupifupi 80. Malowa ndi otchuka kwambiri ndi alendo omwe ali ndi mwayi wowonera anyani kuchokera kumalo osavuta omwe azunguliridwa ndi nsanja zingapo. Kawiri pa tsiku, osiyanitsa malo amabweretsa mabasiketi kuno ndi zokoma za nosy - zipatso zosapsa. Pofika nthawi imeneyi, anyani, atazolowera kale chakudya, amasiya m'nkhalangozi.

Malinga ndi mboni zowona ndi maso, sikuti amangokhala ndi mantha aanthu, komanso kutenga nawo mbali pazithunzithunzi zojambula, ndikutsamira kumbuyo kwa nkhalango yobiriwira yowala. Boma la Malaysia, lomwe likukhudzidwa ndi momwe chilengedwe chilili ku Borneo palimodzi, likuchitapo kanthu, pazinthu zina, kuteteza kutheratu kwa anyani achilendo achilendo a nosy: mitunduyi yalembedwa mu IWC ndipo yatetezedwa m'malo otetezedwa.

Kanema: Nosach

Palibe zotsalira za nosy zomwe zapezeka, zikuwoneka kuti zimachitika chifukwa amakhala kumalo okhala chinyezi, momwe mafupa samasungidwa bwino. Amakhulupirira kuti adakhalako kale ku Late Pliocene (zaka 3.6-2,5 miliyoni zapitazo). Ku Yunnan (China), panali nyama yochepa thupi kuchokera ku mtundu wa Mesopithecus, womwe amati ndi kholo la nosoci. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti kunalipo komwe maziko a anyani okhala ndi mphuno zachilendo ndipo abale awo anali. Mphamvu za guluzi ndizotsatira zamitengo yamitengo.

Achibale apafupi kwambiri a asisiteri ndi ena otetezeka - anyani amphongo (rhinopithecus, pigatrix) ndi simias. Zonsezi ndizoyambira kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, zomwe zimapangidwanso kuti azitha kudya zakudya zamasamba ndikukhala pamitengo.

Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake

Chithunzi: Zomwe zimawoneka ngati mphuno

Kutalika kwa thupi lammphuno ndi 66 - 75 cm mwa amuna ndi 50 - 60 cm mwa akazi, kuphatikiza mchira wa 56 - 76 cm, womwe ndi wofanana amuna ndi akazi onse. Kulemera kwa wamwamuna wamkulu kumasiyana makilogalamu 16 mpaka 22, yaikaziyo, monga momwe imapezekera nthawi zambiri nyani, imakhala yocheperako kuwirikiza kawiri. Pa pafupifupi 10 kg. Chithunzi cha mbewa ndi chonyansa, ngati kuti nyama yasauka: mapewa akugwedezeka, osunthidwa kumbuyo ndi mimba yabwino. Komabe, nyaniyo amayenda modabwitsa komanso mwachangu, chifukwa cha miyendo yayitali yolimba ndi zala zazikulu.

Wamphongo wamkulu amawoneka wokongola kwambiri komanso wowala. Mutu wake wokhazikika umawoneka kuti ndi wokutidwa ndi ubweya wa bulauni, pomwe maso ake amdima amawoneka, ndipo masaya otupa amaikidwa mu ndevu ndi zomata za kolala. Nkhope yopyapyala yopanda tsitsi imawoneka yaumunthu, ngakhale kupukutira kwa mphuno yopachika, kutalika kwa 17.5 masentimita ndikutseka pakamwa kakang'ono, kumakupatsirani caricature.

Khungu lokhala ndi tsitsi lalifupi kumbuyo ndi mmbali ndilotetemera, kuwala kumbali yamkati ndi taye, ndi malo oyera pa oblium. Miyendo ndi mchira wake ndi imvi, khungu la manja ndi zidendene zakuda. Akazi ndi ocheperako komanso owoneka bwino, okhala ndi kumbuyo kwamkati, opanda kolala yotchulidwa, ndipo koposa zonse - ndi mphuno yosiyana. Sizinganenedwe kukhala zokongola kwambiri. Mphuno ya akazi ili ngati ya mayi-waga: yotuluka, yopindika. Ana ndi nkhono za mphuno ndipo ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi mtundu kuchokera kwa akuluakulu. Ali ndi mutu ndi mapewa ofiira, ndipo thunthu ndi miyendo yake imvi. Khungu la nkhope za ana mpaka chaka chimodzi ndi theka ndi lamtambo wamtambo.

Chochititsa chidwi: Kuthandizira mphuno yayikulu, mphuno imakhala ndi cartilage yapadera, yomwe palibe nyani wina aliyense.

Tsopano mukudziwa momwe mphuno zimawonekera. Tiwone komwe nyani uyu amakhala.

Kodi mphuno imakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Nosach mwachilengedwe

Mtundu wa nosach umakhala pachilumba cha Borneo (chokhala ndi Brunei, Malaysia ndi Indonesia) ndi zilumba zazing'ono zoyandikana. Nyengo yamalo awa ndi yotentha kwambiri, ndipo nyengo sasintha pang'ono: kutentha kwapakati pa Januware ndi + 25 ° C, mu Julayi - + 30 ° C, masika ndi nthawi yophukira amadziwika ndi ziwonetsero wamba. Mlengalenga mumakhala chinyezi chambiri, zomera zimapeza bwino, zomwe zimapereka malo okhala komanso chakudya chopatsa mphuno. Nyani zimakhala m'nkhalango m'mphepete mwa mitsinje, kumapeto kwa mitsinje ndi m'mitengo ya mitsinje. Kuchokera pagombe kupita mkati mwa chisumbucho amachotsedwa osapitilira 2 km, m'malo opitilira 200 m pamwamba pa nyanja samapezeka.

M'madambo ataliitali a mitengo ikuluikulu yobiriwira, ma nosasquer amakhala otetezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri amagona pamitengo yayitali kwambiri, komwe amakonda kwambiri mamita 10 mpaka 20. Malo okhala nkhokwe nthawi zambiri amakhala madzi osefukira ndipo nthawi zambiri madzi amasefukira. madzi munyengo yamvula. Nosachi amatha kusinthana ndi malo oterewa ndipo amawoloka mitsinje mosavuta mpaka 150 m. Sali achilendo pagulu la anthu, ngati kupezeka kwawo sikungosangalatsa, komanso kumadzala minda ya hevea ndi mitengo ya kanjedza.

Kukula kwa gawo lomwe amasamukira kumadalira chakudya. Gulu limodzi limatha kuyenda kuchoka pa mahekitala 130 mpaka 900, kutengera mtundu wa nkhalango, osasokoneza ena kudyetsa pano. M'mapaki adziko kumene nyama zimadyetsedwa, gawo limachepetsedwa mpaka mahekitala 20. Gulu limatha kuyenda mpaka 1 km pa tsiku, koma nthawi zambiri mtunda wake umakhala wocheperako.

Kodi mphuno imadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Monkey Sock

Nosach pafupifupi pafupifupi zamasamba. Zakudya zake zimakhala ndi maluwa, zipatso, njere ndi masamba a mitundu 188, pomwe pafupifupi 50 ndi omwe ali ndi masamba 5. Masamba amapanga 60-80% yazakudya zonse, zipatso 8-35%, maluwa 3-7%. Pocheperako, amadya tizilombo komanso nkhanu. Nthawi zina imamera pa khungwa la mitengo ina ndikumadya zisa zamatabwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mchere ukhale woperewera.

Makonda osangalatsa kwambiri:

• oyimira banja lalikulu la Eugene, lomwe limadziwika kwambiri m'malo otentha.
• Akulu yemwe mbewu zake zili ndi mafuta ambiri,
• Lofopetalum Javanese misa chomera ndi mitundu yopanga nkhalango.
• ficuses,
• mango ndi mango
• maluwa achikasu a limoncharis ndi agapanthus.

Kukula kwa gwero lina la chakudya kumatengera nyengo, kuyambira Januware mpaka Meyi, nosachi amadya zipatso, kuyambira Juni mpaka Disembala - masamba. Kuphatikiza apo, masamba amasankhidwa ndi achinyamata, osangofalikira, komanso okhwima pafupifupi osadya. Amadyetsa makamaka atagona m'mawa komanso usiku, asanagone. Masana, limasokoneza zokhwasula-khwasula, burps ndi kutafuna chingamu chimbudzi chambiri.

Mphuno imakhala ndi m'mimba yaying'ono kwambiri komanso matumbo amtali kwambiri kuposa onse ochepa thupi. Izi zikuwonetsa kuti zimamwa chakudya bwino. Nyani imatha kudya chakudya, ikungodzikakamiza, ndikudziyimilira ndi manja ake, nthawi zambiri pamodzi, popeza imzake imadya.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Common Nose

Monga zoyenera nyani, a nosachi amagwira ntchito masana komanso kugona usiku. Gululi limagona mumitengo yoyandikana, ndikukonda malo pafupi ndi mtsinje. Atadya m'mawa, amapita kutchire kuti ayende, nthawi ndi nthawi akapuma kapena kudya. Usiku, amabwereranso kumtsinje, komwe amadya asanagone. Zimafotokozedwanso kuti 42% ya nthawi yomwe amathera tchuthi, 25% akuyenda, 23% pa ​​chakudya. Nthawi yonseyo imagawidwa pakati pa masewera (8%) ndi kutsuka (2%).

Nosas amayenda munjira zonse zilipo:

• kuthamanga
• dumphirani kutali, kukankha ndi mapazi awo,
• kugwedezeka nthambi, kuponyera matupi awo pamtengo wina,
• amatha kupindika ndi kuyendayenda mozungulira ngati manja popanda thandizo la miyendo,
• amatha kukwera mitengo yamiyendo yonse mbali zinayi,
• Amayenda molunjika, atakweza manja awo m'madzi ndi matope pakati pa mitengo yamitengo yambiri, yomwe imangokhala ya anthu komanso gibbon,
• kusambira bwino - awa ndi omwe amasambira abwino kwambiri pakati pa anyani.

Mwambi wa nosy umakhalabe gawo lawo lodabwitsa. Amakhulupirira kuti mphuno imakulitsa kulira kwamphongo nthawi yamphongo ndipo imakopa anzawo ambiri. Mtundu wina - umathandizira kupambana pankhondo yolimbana ndi utsogoleri, yomwe imapezana ndi wotsutsa. Mulimonsemo, mkhalidwewo umatengera kukula kwa mphuno ndipo amuna amuna omwe ali mumpingowo ndiye amphuno kwambiri. Kulira kofuula kwa phokoso kwa ma nosers, komwe amachokera pangozi kapena pakagwa, kumafalikira kwambiri - mita 200. Amakhala ndi nkhawa kapena kukondwa ngati gulu la atsekwe, ndikufuula. Nosocas amakhala ndi zaka 25, zazikazi zimabereka mwana wawo woyamba wazaka 3 - 5, amuna amakhala ndi zaka 5 - 7.

Chosangalatsa: Tsiku lina, mphuno, yomwe inali kuthawa mlenje, inasambira kwa mphindi 28 pansi pa madzi, osawonetsa pamwamba. Mwina izi ndizokokomeza, koma amasambira mita 20 pansi pamadzi.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Hatchling Cub

Nosachi amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a abambo ndi aakazi ake, kapena amuna okhaokha. Maguluwa ali ndi anyani okwana 3-30, ndi okhazikika, koma osatalikirana kwambiri ndipo munthu payekhapayekha, wamwamuna ndi wamkazi, amatha kusuntha kuchokera kumodzi kupita kwina. Izi zimathandizidwa ndi oyandikana nawo kapena ngakhale mgwirizano wamagulu amodzi usiku. A Nosachi modabwitsa sanachite zachiwawa, ngakhale kwa magulu ena. Nthawi zambiri samalimbana, amakonda kukalipira mdani. Wamphongo wamkulu, kuphatikiza podziteteza kwa adani akunja, amasamalira kayendetsedwe ka ubale mu paketi ndikubalalitsa mikangano.

M'magulu mumakhala magulu azigogo, wamkulu wamwamuna amalamulira. Akafuna kukopa chachikazi, amalira mwamphamvu ndikuwonetsa ziwalo. Chikwangwani chakuda ndi mbolo yonyezimira owoneka bwino zimafotokozera zofuna zake. Kapena udindo waukulu. Imodzi siyisankha ina. Koma mawu omaliza ndi a mzimayiyo, yemwe amagwedeza mutu, ndikutulutsa milomo yake ndikuchita miyambo ina, kuwonekeratu kuti sakutsutsana ndi kugonana. Mamembala ena a paketiyo akhoza kulowererapo pochita izi, ambiri, nosachy samatsata malamulo okhwima pankhaniyi.

Kuberekanso sikudalira nyengo ndipo kumachitika nthawi iliyonse pomwe wamkazi amakhala wokonzeka kuchita izi. Yaikazi imabereka mwana m'modzi, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi ana awiri omwe amapuma pafupifupi 2 years. Kulemera kwa zatsopano ndi pafupifupi 0,5 kg. Kwa miyezi 7-8, khandalo limamwa mkaka ndikukwera mayi, ndikumagwira chikhotho chake. Koma maubwenzi apabanja amapitilira kwakanthawi atapeza ufulu. Ana, makamaka akhanda, amasangalala ndi chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro cha akazi ena onse, omwe amatha kuvala, kuwakwenya ndi kuwachotsa.

Chosangalatsa: Nosachi amakonda kucheza ndi anyani ena omwe amakhala moyandikana nawo akakhonde amitengo yayitali - ma macaques autali, mapira a siliva, gibbons ndi orangutan, pafupi ndi iwo komwe amakhala usikuwo.

Woyang'anira wosamala

Chithunzi: Nosach kuchokera ku Red Book

Nosach amalembedwa m'ndandanda wa IUCN Red ngati "mitundu yowopsezedwa" ndipo CITES ntchito yoletsa malonda apadziko lonse mu nyama izi. Zina mwa anyaniwa zimapezeka m'malo osungirako nyama otetezedwa. Koma sizothandiza nthawi zonse chifukwa chosiyana mu malamulo komanso malingaliro amayiko osiyanasiyana pakusamalira zachilengedwe. Ngati ku Sabah muyezo uwu utaloleza kukhalabe ndi gulu lokhazikika, ndiye ku Indonesia Kalimantan, anthu okhala m'malo otetezedwa adatha.

Njira yotchuka monga kuswana kumalo osungira nyama ndi kutulutsidwa m'chilengedwe pamenepa sizikugwira ntchito, chifukwa a nosachi sakhala mu ukapolo. Osachepera kutali ndi kwawo. Vuto lomwe limakhala ndi nosy ndikuti amalola kuti azilumikizidwa kwambiri, samakhala ndi nkhawa komanso amakonda kudya. Amafuna chakudya chawo chachilengedwe ndipo samazindikira cholowa m'malo.Ntchito yoletsa kugulitsa nyama zachilengedwe isanayambe, asodzi ambiri anatengedwa kupita kumalo osungira nyama, komwe onse anamwalira chaka cha 1997 chisanachitike.

Chochititsa chidwiNkhani yotsatirayi ndi chitsanzo chosamalira bwino nyama. M'malo oteteza zachilengedwe ku Kaget Island, anyani pafupifupi 300 anatha chifukwa chaulimi wosavomerezeka ndi anthu wamba. Ena adamwalira ndi njala, anthu 84 adathamangitsidwa m'malo osatetezeka ndipo 13 mwa iwo adamwalira ndi kupsinjika. Nyama zina 61 zinabweretsedwa kumalo osungirako nyama, kumene 60% anafa mkati mwa miyezi 4 atagwidwa. Cholinga chake ndikuti nyanjayo isanakhalepo mapulogalamu owunikira, palibe malo omwe adawunikiridwa. Kulanda ndi kunyamula za nosy kunathandizidwa popanda chovomerezeka, chomwe chimafunikira muubwenzi ndi mitunduyi.

Nosach zimangofunika kukonzanso malingaliro kutetezedwe kwachilengedwe pamlingo waboma ndikuwonjezera udindo wophwanya maboma achitetezo m'malo otetezedwa. Ndizolimbikitsanso kuti nyamazo zimayamba kuzolowera moyo wam'minda ndipo zimatha kudya masamba amasamba a kokonati ndi hevea.