Chingwe chosalimba - buluzi waung'ono wachilendo wochokera kubanja lodyera. Ndiwofanana kwambiri ndi njoka, chifukwa, mosiyana ndi abale ake, alibe miyendo. Kufanana kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovulaza kwa buluzi wopanda vuto uyu: anthu amasokoneza ndi njoka ndikuyesa kuwononga.

Kugawa

Chidutswa chosalimba chija chimayimiriridwa pakati ndi kumwera kwa Europe, Caucasus, ndi kumpoto kwa Iran. M'magawo omwe kale anali Soviet Union, amapezeka m'nkhalango kuyambira ku Baltic, Belarus, Ukraine ndi Moldova kupita kuchigwa chakumanzere kwa Mtsinje wa Tobol (Western Siberia). Kuphatikiza apo, imakhala m'nkhalango za Transcaucasia komanso m'maiko a North Caucasus.

M'madera ena, mtundu wokhawokha womwe umapezeka kuti ndi wabwino. Mabuku ofiira a Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Komi Republic, Kostroma, Vologda, Moscow, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk, Tver, Chelyabinsk ndi Tyumen m'zaka zaposachedwa.

Chingwe cha brittle (tinnitus ndi dzina lachiwiri) chimakonda kukhazikika m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zowuma, m'malire a nkhalango kunja kwa madambo ndi minda, pamalo owonekera, kudula mitengo komanso m'minda. Ku Caucasus, kumakhala nkhalango zamapiri, m'malo otsetsereka okhala ndi zitsamba. Buluzi nthawi zambiri limabisala m'nkhalango, pansi pa miyala, mitengo yakugwa, zitsa, zowola, zimbudzi zam'madzi, mu mitengo yakufa.

Chotupacho ndi chosalimba. Chingwe Chosagwedezeka ndi Njoka

Buluzi yaying'ono, yofanana ndi njoka, idayamba kufotokozedwa ndi Karl Linney. Dongosolo la kupindika limafotokoza kuti mawonekedwe amomwe thupi limafana Mwa zodzitchinjiriza, okhala m'mizinda, imapezeka nthawi zambiri kuposa ena kuyambira kale chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake okongola ndi mawonekedwe odandaula.

Mtundu

Thupi la chovala chovindikira chimakutidwa ndi masikelo osalala, omwe amakhala ndi mizere yayitali. Thupi lakumwambalo lilipaka utoto wamafuta kapena amvi, omwe amaponyedwa ndi mkuwa. Ndi ebb iyi yomwe idapatsa chidindacho dzina lachiwiri, lomwe amadziwika nalo mdziko lathu - mkuwa. Nthawi zina kufananaku kwa ambiri ndikusocheretsa ndipo funso limabuka kuti: "Kodi brittle spindle ndi poyipa kapena ayi?" Ayi, ichi ndi cholengedwa chopanda vuto chilichonse chomwe sichidzavulaza aliyense.

Mmbali ndi m'mimba mwa tinthu timeneti ndizopepuka. Kumbuyo kwa amuna akuluakulu, mizere iwiri yoluma, nthawi zina, mawanga a bulauni amatha kuwoneka. Amatchulidwa kwambiri kumbuyo.

Ana a abuluzi ali ndi utoto mosiyanasiyana. Amakhala ndi siliva-oyera kapena golide-zonona kumbuyo, yemwe amakongoletsedwa ndi zingwe zazitali zazitali, zomwe zimatha kukhala chimodzi kapena ziwiri. Thupi lotsika limapakidwa panjira yosiyanitsa: bulauni yakuda kapena yakuda ndi sheen wokongola. M'mphepete, m'malire mwa maluwa awa amawoneka bwino. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, achinyamata ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi abale awo achikulire mwakuti m'zaka za zana la 19 adatengedwa kukhala amtundu wina.

Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe

Nyimbo yotchedwa tinsel, yotengera, chifukwa cha mtundu wake wamkuwa, yabweretsa mayesero ambiri pamoyo wa buluzi wocheperako. Kusokonezeka ndi okopera, njoka yokhala ngati njoka, adaonjezera ngozi akakumana ndi munthu. Sikovuta kuti katswiri wazamoyo asiyanitse buluzi lopanda mwendo ndi chingwe cha njoka. Koma munthu wamba amayang'ana maonekedwe ndi zochita za nyama zouluka ngati zowopsa.

Kutalika kwa nyama yokhala m'mimba ndi mkati mwa 30-45 cm, pomwe 2/3 ndiye mchira. Kusiyana kwazimuna m'mawonekedwe a bulauni kumbuyo kwa bulauni m'mizere iwiri. Zachikazi zimakhala ndi utoto wamtambo wa bronze, mchirawo ndi wafupi.

Mpheta, buluzi, osati njoka

Mimba ndi mmbali zimatha kukhala zopepuka kapena zosiyanitsa chokoleti ndi zakuda. Mwa achinyamata, zonse ndizosiyana. Msuzi wokongoletsa kumbuyo, nthawi zina wokhala ndi tinthu tating'ono tasiliva, timakongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima. Maonekedwe a ana ndiosiyana kwambiri ndi achikulire pomwe m'zaka za zana la 19 adapatsidwa mtundu wina.

Utoto wocheperako ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi abuluzi akuluakulu

Pakati pa abuluzi opanda miyendo, ma alubino athunthu amapezeka. Ndizosavuta kuzindikira ndi mitundu yoyera ndi maso ofiira. Zitsanzo zosawoneka bwino zimatha kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa chokha chobisalira. Pali payekha-sungunuke, wakuda kwathunthu.

Utoto wamitundu yoyera ndi yakuda yotchedwa melanists

Makulidwewo ali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Zimakhala zovuta kudziwa malire pakati pa thupi ndi mchira. Palibe sternum, palibe paws. Veral ya Vertebra, nthiti zing'onozing'ono, ndi miyendo yake ndikuwonetsedwa ndi mafupa ochepa. Lilime ndi lalifupi, ndikumapendekera kumapeto.

Mutha kusiyanitsa chingwe chosalimba kuchokera ku njoka ndi zizindikiro zazikulu:

• Thupi limakutidwa ndi mamba osalala, osakhazikika mawonekedwe kumbuyo ndi pamimba,
• kukhalapo kwa eyelid yosuntha, kuthekemera.

Mu njoka, zonse ndizosiyana: mawonekedwe osasunthika komanso masikelo ochulukitsidwa pamimba. Koma pamakhalidwe, buluzi wosavulalayo amawoneka kuti amatsanzira chotulutsa chowopsa. M'mphindi zowopsa kapena mantha

• Amveke, ndi kuti atsegule pakamwa pake ndikuwopseza,
• zolakwika ndikuwonetsa kufunitsitsa kuponya mdaniyo.

Ambiri akulakwitsa, akukhulupirira kuti pamaso pawo pali njoka yapoizoni, ndipo ayi mtengo woterera. Kufotokozera abuluzi agwidwa amatsimikizira kuti sachita nkhanza. Minga simaluma ngakhale ndi mano akuthwa, ndipo m'ndende iwo amatenga chakudya kuchokera m'manja mwa mwiniwake.

Makhalidwe

Mpandawo wosalimba ndi buluzi yemwe amagwira ntchito madzulo ndi m'mawa. Nthawi yonse yonse ikupuma, ikuyenda mu udzu wokulirapo, pansi pa miyala, panthaka yopanda, kukwera pakati pa ma rhizomes, mu stumps, komanso timitengo ta nyama zazing'ono zazing'ono. M'dothi lotayirira, amatha kukumba ma mink awo ndi mitu yawo.

Monga abuluzi ambiri, akhwangwala ndi nyama zangokhala. Amakhala ndi zowerengeka zazing'ono mkati mwa malo angapo. Ana obadwa nawonso samachotsedwa kutali ndi kwawo.

Ngakhale njoka zimafanana, njoka zam'madzi izi ndizosachedwa kwambiri ndipo, wina anganene, zopanda chidwi. Chingwe cholowera, mafunde olumikizira amakwatula mchira ndi thupi lonse, koma chigoba cholimba cha fupa chimasokoneza mayendedwe awo. Zovala zolimba ngati zotchinjiriza zimateteza buluziyo bwino kwambiri ndikakwera m'matchire ndi zinyalala za m'nkhalangozi, pakati pa miyala, koma pamalo osalala komanso osatseka amalepheretsa mayendedwe ake.

Monga njoka, zibonga zimatha kusambira, ngakhale sizifuna kutero. Pa "kusambira", bowo limakweza mutu wake pamwamba pamadzi. Zombozi sizongokhala osambira abwino kwambiri, komanso osaka osagwira ntchito, chifukwa ndi owoneka bwino komanso osawoneka bwino. Oimira mtunduwu, mosiyana ndi abale awo ambiri, samasiyanitsa mitundu konse, amatha kuzindikira mawonekedwe a imvi. Koma popeza amakhala ndi moyo wapansi pang'ono, zolakwika zonsezi sizimawabweretsera mavuto. Kuwona koperewera kumangopindulitsa ndi kukhudzika kwambiri kuti timve kununkhira kuti buluzi umamverera ngati njoka pogwiritsa ntchito lilime lake losangalatsa.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Mtengo wa spindle umadyetsa zolengedwa zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono zomwe zimatsogola - mobisika. Madera achinyezi, chakudya chotere nthawi zambiri chimakhala chambiri, chifukwa chake sizikhala zokwawa chifukwa, chifukwa chake, ziwembu zomwe munthu amadya zimapezeka m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.

Ikazindikira nyama, khungubayo imakakunkha pang'onopang'ono ndi lilime lake, kenako ndikuyimeza. Pakudya, buluzi nthawi ndi nthawi amapukusa mutu wake pansi. Chifukwa chake, amachotsa ntchofu kwa wovutayo komanso kupukutira kwake. Gululi amatha nthawi yoposa theka la ola ndikudya nyama yayikulu.

Thupi logontha limasungidwa ndi mano owongoka kumbuyo. Zimathandizanso tinthu tina kutulutsa nyongolotsi kuchokera m'dothi lapansi. Pang'onopang'ono, buluziyo umalowa mkati mwa thupi la nyongolotsi ndipo posakhalitsa umachichotsa kwathunthu kuti utuluke. Ngati nyongolotsiyo singathe, buluzi amatulutsa gawo logwidwa kale.

Nthawi zambiri zingwe ziwiri zimagwira nyongayo kuchokera mbali ziwiri ndikuzigawana mbali ziwiri. Pakadali pano, amazungulira mozungulira ndi thupi lawo lonse: buluzi wina kulowera patali, ndi winayo m'mbali mwake. Mano a Bent amathandizira ngakhale kuti nkhono zichoke ku zipolopolo. Buluziyo imagwira phazi la nkhonoyo ndipo imaligwira pang'onopang'ono.

Mbuna, monga njoka, zimatha kumeza nyama yayikulu, motero nthawi zina zimakonda kulimbana ndi njoka, abuluzi ena ndi nyama zazing'ono zamtundu wawo. Mlanduwu udalembedwa pomwe kupendekera kwa masentimita makumi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi kudadya njoka, yomwe kutalika kwake kudali masentimita 18. Koma chakudya chobzala sichisangalatsa mitundu iyi konse.

Zisanu

Frostworms overwinter mu ndima kapena mizere yakuya. Nthawi zina kuya kwawo kumafika masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri. Sikovuta kuti abuluzi awa apeze malo oyenera kuchitira nyengo yachisanu, chifukwa chake anthu angapo amasonkhana m'makola kamodzi, nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa "okhala" kumapitilira anthu 30. Ziphuphu nthawi zambiri zimaphimba khomo lolowera chakumadzulo kwawo ndi nthaka, mbewa kapena udzu. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti, masamba ena a nthomba amatha nthawi yozizira pagulu la njoka komanso anyani.

Ndodozo, monga pafupifupi zonse zowoneka bwino, zimasungunuka nthawi ndi nthawi. Komabe, samakhetsa khungu lawo lakale ngati njoka yonse, koma amasuntha maselo okufa pafupi ndi mchirawo, kenako ndikukhetsa mphete zawo.

Kuswana

Pazinthu zosalimba, nthawi yakukhwima imayamba kuphuka. Mimba imatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu. M'mwezi wa Julayi, ana a ng'ombe, ophimbidwa ndi chipolopolo, amakhala owonekera bwino. Mbodzi wamabulu amodzi amatha kuwerengetsa ana asanu mpaka makumi awiri ndi asanu. Pambuyo pobadwa, nthawi yomweyo amaphwanya nembanemba. Ana amadya zolengedwa zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala m'nthaka. Kutha msinkhu kumachitika pazaka zitatu. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, abuluzi amtunduwu amakhala zaka zisanu ndi zinayi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri.

Kodi mphezi zosalimba ndi moyo wake zimakhala kuti?

Kukhazikika kwa abuluzi amenewa ndi nkhalango. Amakhala m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zozama, zamtchire ndi zoyenda m'nkhalango. Kuphatikiza apo, zimapezeka m'minda ndi minda. Ku Caucasus, chingwe chosalimba chimakhala m'mapiri okhala ndi mitengo, malo otsetsereka okhala ndi masamba ochepa, komanso m'nkhalango zamtchire ndi mapiri otseguka. M'mapiri amapezeka pamalo okwera mpaka 2300 metres. Zingwe zosalimba zimakonda malo onyowa, okhala ndi masamba, nthawi zina nthawi zambiri zimawombedwa ndi dzuwa, koma khalani pafupi ndi malo okhala.

Mabuluziwa amagwira ntchito m'mawa nthawi yamadzulo komanso nthawi yamadzulo, ndipo nthawi yonseyo amapumula pansi pa miyala, mu udzu wandiweyani, m'nthaka yosaloleka pakati pa ma rhizomes, pansi pa mitengo yakufa, stumps ndi burrows yazinyama zazing'ono. M'dothi lotayirira, zibowo zimatha kukumba palokha mothandizidwa ndi mutu.

Monga mitundu yambiri ya abuluzi, mphete zimakhazikika. Zogawana zamtunduwu ndizochepa, mkati mwake momwe muli mamita ochepa. Kuwonekera pa ana onse sikumachotsedwanso pamtunda wawutali.

Zimpamba ndizangokhala phee.

Ngakhale kuti abuluziwa amafanana ndi njoka zakunja, zimayenda pang'onopang'ono komanso zimachedwa. Chingwecho chikang'amba, chimakhota thupi ndi mchira ndi funde, koma chigoba cha mafupa chimasokoneza kayendedwe. Zovala zolimba izi zimagwira ntchito yoteteza pomwe buluziyo ukukwera pakati pamiyala, m'nkhalango ndi zinyalala za m'nkhalango, koma pamalo otseguka, amawalepheretsa kukwawa. Akhungu, monga njoka, amatha kusambira, kwinaku akukulira mitu yawo pamwamba pamadzi. Koma abuluzi sakonda ntchito iyi kwambiri, chifukwa imatha ntchito mwachangu. Amamizidwa m'madzi pokhapokha pakufunika.

Mphepo zamkuntho sizomwe zimasambira zoyipa zokha, koma zimasakidwa moyenerera, popeza zimachedwa komanso samatha kuona bwino. Oimira mitundu, mosiyana ndi anzawo, samasiyanitsa mitundu, amangozindikira zochepa za imvi. Koma chifukwa amakhala ndi moyo wobisika, pafupifupi wobisika, amakhala omasuka. Kuwona koperewera kumatha. Buluzi limazindikira kununkhira ngati njoka, mothandizidwa ndi lilime lake losalala.

Kodi mtengo wopopera ndikuyenda bwanji?

Ma spindleworms amadya zopanda pake zomwe zimapanga pang'onopang'ono - zomwe zimatsogolera pansi - mobiriwira ndi ma slgs. M'malo achinyontho muli chakudya chochuluka, motero buluzi sayenera kukwawa kwambiri, mogwirizana ndi izi magawo awo ali ochepa kwambiri.

Zingwezo ndizoyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Atazindikira nyama, mphero, kusekemera, ndikuizula nayo mothandizidwa ndi lilime lake, kenako ndikuyamba kumeza. Pakadali pano, nthawi zina amapukusa mutu wake pansi, kotero amachotsa ntchofu kwa wovutayo ndi kumaso kwake. Gululi limatha kuyamwa nyama yayikulu kwa mphindi 30 kapena kupitirira. Thupi loterera limawaloleza kuti azigwira mano owongoka, kumbuyo, mothandizidwa ndi abuluzi kutulutsa nyongolotsi kuti zisasunthe. Pang'onopang'ono kupindika kumatengera thupi la nyongolotsi ndikuikoka m'minkyi kwathunthu. Ngati nyongolotsiyo singathe, buluzi amatulutsa mbali yomwe idalipo kale.

Nthawi zambiri, zingwe ziwiri zimagwira nyongolotsi imodzi kuchokera kumalembedwe osiyanasiyana a thupi ndikusweka pakati, kwinaku zikuzungulira thupi lonse mozungulira nkhwangwa, munthu m'modzi mosavomerezeka, kenako inayo.

Amabwinja amagwiritsa ntchito mano awo kuti atole nkhono ku zipolopolo zawo. Buluzi limalowetsa mwendo wa nkhonoyo ndipo kenako limaligwira pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zina zingwe zimadya mbozi, milili ndi mitengo. Tizilomboti timakhala tambiri, monga njoka zimameza chakudya chachikulu, nthawi zina zimatsutsana ndi abuluzi, njoka ndi nyama zazing'ono zamtundu wawo. Pali milandu yodziwika bwino pomwe mphete, yomwe thupi lake inali masentimita 29, idadya njoka kutalika masentimita 18. Milandu yakudya zakudya zam'mera sizimawonedwa.

Kodi gulu lanthete limatetezedwa bwanji kwa adani?

Kuchokera kwa adani, abuluzi awa amapulumutsidwa chifukwa cha njira yawo yobisika, kuthekera koponya mchira wawo ndi makalata olimba omwe alipo. Kuphatikiza apo, ziguduli zimawombera ndi chimbudzi chawo. Kukula kwachichepere kuli ndi njira zake - ngati zikuwopsezedwa, amapindika kumbuyo kwawo ndikuwonetsa mimba zawo zakuda. Zikuwoneka kuti kusintha kwamtundu kumabweretsa chidwi cha mdani. Koma ndalamazi ndizosakwanira, choncho zibwibwi zimakonda kuvutitsidwa ndi zilombo zina.

Kukula kwachichepere kumakhala chakudya chamiyendo, nsikidzi zolusa (kafadala) ndi njoka. Adani achilengedwe a spindleworms ndi nthomba, nkhandwe, martens, hedgehogs ndi mitundu pafupifupi 25 ya mbalame zosiyanasiyana. Ndipo mindandanda iyi ya adani siyokwanira. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kafadala kaamba ka njoka nthawi zambiri amawukira njoka zamkuwa, omwe anthu amawasokoneza, chifukwa ali ndi mayina odziwika.

Nthawi zambiri, abuluzi opanda miyendo awa amawachotsa anthu, chifukwa m'maiko ambiri pamakhala malingaliro olakwika onena za kuwopsa kwa nyama zopanda vuto zonsezi. Ngati mutenga kachilomboka m'manja mwake, samayesanso kuluma.

Zilonda zosalimba zimamva bwino m'misika. Ali kuukapolo, mbiri ya moyo wa spindle, yomwe inali zaka 54, inalembedwa. Nthawi yomweyo, ali ndi zaka 45, munthuyu anali wokhoza kubereka. Koma masamba ena osalimba amakhala nthawi zambiri zaka 20-30.
Popeza abuluziwa amakhala ndi moyo wobisalira, nthawi zambiri samakopa anthu, chifukwa chake palibe zambiri zonena za kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka kwa mitunduyi. M'mayiko ambiri ku Europe, kufooka kwapafupipafupi kunakhala kochepa, chifukwa chake kumatetezedwa.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

27.05.2015

Chikwangwani chosalimba (Latin Anguis fragilis) kuchokera ku banja la Spindle (Latin Anguidae) ndi mlendo wolandiridwa kwa alimi ndi olima dimba. Amadzipulumutsa podzichiritsa podya zakudya zambiri za nkhono ndi zaulesi. Mano ake ang'onoang'ono owongoka amaweramira kumbuyo ndipo amatha kusinthana kuti agwire nyama yoterera.buluzi ichi ndi chosiyana ndi njoka zina kuti maso ake ataphimbidwa ndi kutsetsereka lids.

Chingwe chosalimba chimakhala kudera la Europe, North Africa ndi Western Asia. Kwa iye, nthawi zonse pamakhala malo otentha. Amasankha malo omwe amakhala pakati pa nkhalango zosakanizika ndi zowola, nkhalango zachisumbu ndi ma moorlands. Nthawi zina ndi m'mapaki ndi backyards akumidzi. M'mapiri, sichikwera pamwamba pa 2000 m ndipo imapewa malo ouma osefukira ndi dzuwa.

Chiwerengero chodalirika cha mapalapala osalimba sichikudziwika. Masiku ano, amatha kuwoneka ochepera m'malo zachilengedwe. A zambiri timeneti chabwinobwino tikuvutika ndi ankhanza kupulula anthu ndi kupha pansi mawilo a magalimoto.

Gulu

Iagawidwa m'magulu awiri - Anguis fragilis colchicus (Colchis spindle spindle) ndi Anguis fragilis fragilis (subspecies a nominative). M'mbuyomu, taxonomy idatchulanso mitundu ya Anguis fragilis monga subspecies ya Anguis fragilis peloponnesiacus (Peloponnesian fragile spindle), koma mu taxonomy yamakono ndi mitundu ina ya Anguis cephalonnicus (Kefalon spindle). Akatswiri ena a zamagetsi amakangana pamabungwe ang'ono Anguis fragilis colchicus.

Moyo

Kawirikawiri anakakhala nkhalango, deciduous ndi kusakaniza. Mutha kumuwona m'mphepete komanso m'mayipi. Chapakatikati, imagwira masana, dzuwa likayamba, limasinthira ku moyo wamadzulo. Pogona, amabisala m'maula, milu ya nthambi, zokhala zowola, amakonda malo okhala ndi mthunzi komanso chinyezi. Kawirikawiri zilibe achoke kutali m'misasa. Amadyetsa kwambiri ma invertebrates, koma pakhala pali zakudya za njoka, abuluzi ndi mbewa zatsopano (m'malo otetezeka zimachitika nthawi zambiri). Cannibalism ndiyabwinonso.

Habitat

Mtengo wopota ambiri ku Ulaya, Asia Minor, ku Caucasus, Iran, Algeria. Imapezeka pamtunda wamtunda wa 2300. Mtambowu umatambasuka kuchokera kum'mwera kupita kumadera akumpoto chifukwa cha kutentha kwapakati pamadzi.

Lizard imakhazikika m'nkhalango zosakanikirana kapena zowola, nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'mphepete, minda ndi madera. Amakonda madera onyowa okhala ndi masamba ochepa, okhala ndi zitsamba zobiriwira. Izo wakonda malo pamthunzi, koma nthawi zina basks dzuwa, kutali ndi pogona chachikulu. Chapakatikati chimagwira masana, nthawi yotentha - usiku.

Buluzi wopanda cholowa imayang'anira nthawi yozizira kutentha kwa 8-10 ° C m'maenje akulu pamodzi ndi abale. M'nyengo yozizira gulu akupita ku anthu 30. Lowetsani buluzi ndi mitu yawo, kupita mwakuya mpaka masentimita 50-70. Milandu ya spindles yomwe imakhala mchisanu mpaka -6 ° C idatha bwino. Onse adapulumuka, ndikuyamba kudziwa chisanu.

Mikango imadziwika ndi moyo wokhazikika. Utali wozungulira ziwembu zawo chakudya ang'onoang'ono, mamita angapo. Ngakhale ana samachotsedwa patali kwambiri ndi malo awo. Zovunda zimatha kusambira. Koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, kotero kumizidwa m'madzi kumangokakamizidwa.

Mu chikhalidwe, anthu ambiri mwa raptors, yoongoka, hedgehogs, nkhandwe, martens tidbit - izo mtengo woterera. Njoka mafoni ndi owopsa, ndipo buluzi umachedwa komanso wopanda chitetezo.

chipulumutso chake - mu stumps akale, wagwa mitengo pansi madipoziti m'nthaka lotayirira, pansi nkhalango. Ndikosavuta kuyang'ana bowo lamtchire. Mutha kuziwona mumtambo pomwe mitambo, pomwe nyongolotsi, chakudya chachikulu cha abuluzi, zimangokulira.

Asodzi akuwedza usiku, usiku. Osauka masomphenya ndi clumsiness wodzipangitsa abuluzi alenje zoipa. A Chingerezi amawatcha mphutsi zoyenda pang'onopang'ono. Kufunafuna nyama kumathandizidwa ndi lingaliro labwino lonunkhira ndi lilime lozikika.

Poyenda, thupi ndi mchira wake zimakutidwa ndi funde, koma chipolopolo chimaletsa izi. Ntchito yake - chitetezo ku miyala lakuthwa, yaminga tchire. Zimachitika zopindika zosalimba kubisala mu anthill. Mamba molondola kuteteza thupi ku kulumidwa okhalamo wosimidwa.

Ankakhala chopondera chopanda miyendo Sindinapewa munthu. Choyamba mwa katswiri terrariums chokwawa. Pang'onopang'ono, kufalikira kwa abuluzi kunachepa chifukwa cha zochulukirapo zama feteleza, kupukutira ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.

Ndikosavuta kuyimitsa botolo lamkuwa. Pazophatikiza za herpetologists anguis. Kugula buluzi ndiosavuta ku nazale yapadera.

Kodi mphete yopingasa imawoneka bwanji?

Anguis fragilis (Anguis fragilis) - ndi achilendo mtundu wa abuluzi legless. Ili ndi thupi lalitali (mpaka 40 cm) lopindika. Mutu kuchokera m'thupi sukusiyanitsidwa ndi khosi, mchira wake ndi wosamveka, wofinya, ngati abuluzi. Maso ali ocheperako, mabowo ang'ono ndi ochepa koma amakula bwino.

Ochekenera anguis zimasintha. Achinyamata ali pamwamba pa kaso wowoneka bwino wa kirimu wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yochepa thupi yakuda kwambiri kufupi ndi kaphiriko, kuyambira malo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mbali zake ndi zakuda komanso zofiirira, ndipo pansi pake pamakhala zakuda. Amabwibwi akamakula, mtundu wa msana umakhala wakuda, ndikupanga matupi abulauni, a bulauni kapena amkuwa, pomwe mbali zake zimawala.

Kusiyana kwa mtundu wa amuna ndi akazi mabodza chakuti woyamba chapamwamba thupi woderapo, nthawi zambiri mawanga buluu, pamene akazi pamwamba pa imvi bulauni, kuchepetsa - mdima.

Nthawi zambiri abuluziwa amalakwika chifukwa cha njoka, makamaka zapoizoni, ndichifukwa chake amakhala ndi mbiri yoyipa. Chotumphukacho chimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi njoka, choyambirira, ndi kukhalapo kwa mchira wolumikizana, ndipo chachiwiri, ndi maso omwe amakhala ndi mayendedwe amiyendo (kwa njoka zonse, maso samasunthika chifukwa cha ma eyoni osayenda).

Mitundu ya spindles

• Anguis cephallonica kapena kalasi Peloponnesian nyongolotsi kefalonnskaya anguis, masoka malo - ndi kotentha nyengo.
• Anguis colchica - mpaka posachedwa, amadziwika kuti ndi masamba amizeremizere. Masiku ano, ali ngati gulu lazodzikongoletsera.
• Anguis fragilis - yemweyo anguis fragilis. Zofunikira kwambiri pamtunduwu ndizosiyanasiyana modabwitsa komanso kutalika kwa moyo mpaka zaka 35.
• Anguis graeca ndiye mtundu wosowa kwambiri. Malo ochitikira - okhala munthaka komanso ku Mediterranean nyengo.
• Anguis incomptus - mitundu ambiri osowa anapeza chimodzi chokha boma Mexico. Imayang'aniridwa mosamalitsa.
• Anguis veronensis ndi mbozi waku Italy. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa miyendo yama microscopic ndi malo, malinga ndi dzina la subspecies.

yekha kupindika mkalasi kapenagicidae ali ndi genera 13, kuphatikiza masamba 2000. Onse njoka ndi abuluzi asanu-wokhala ndi miyendo inayi amatha kupezeka. Monga tanena kale, onse a mitundu awa ndi mbali khalidwe - chophimba akunja, kaphatikizidwe iwo mu kalasi limodzi.

Zosangalatsa

Chofunikira kwambiri pamtunduwu ndi mawonekedwe ake. Zikuwoneka ngati spindle mu chithunziNgati njoka wamba. Ichi ndichifukwa chake funso limakhala kuti, "kupindika poizoni kapena ayi? " Ayi ndithu Mtundu wa nyama zamtunduwu ndizotetezeka kwathunthu kwa anthu.

Monga tanena kale, amatha kulumikizana, kusamalira ndikumbukira mwini wake. Komabe, ma spindles amatha kudzitchinjiriza mwa kuluma kowawa kwambiri komanso mwakuya, chifukwa cha mano owongoka.

Choncho, kusunga buluzi, ngati n'kofunika mutu njoka ndi patsinde pa khosi. Kuphatikiza apo, monga ngati njoka zonse, zibonga zimasintha khungu kawiri pachaka. Uku ndi kufanana kwawo ndi njoka. Koma palinso zosiyana zambiri.

Zizindikiro ndi amene amatha kusiyanitsa njoka ndi anguis:

• Mutu wa buluzi umalowa mthupi mozungulira, ndikuphatikizika, mosiyana ndi njoka, momwe zimatchulidwira kumbuyo kwa thupi.
• Kuthamanga kochepa, makamaka pa ndege zosalala.
• Kukhalapo kwa ma eyelone am'manja komanso kuthekera konse.
• Pamaso pa kumva.
• Nsagwada zokhazikika zomwe sizimalola kumeza nyama yayikulu.
• Mosiyana ndi njoka, zopindika sizimapinda mphete.

Chochititsa chidwi china - ma spindles samasiyanitsa mitundu. Owazungulira limapezeka mu kamvekedwe imvi. Komabe, kuthekera kwawo kuwona phale kungakhale kopanda phindu kwa iwo, monga Chosangalatsa sichichitika usiku. Zipangizo zamiyendo sizichulukanso pamachitidwe awo pamavuto.

Iwo amatha kudziteteza, "vybryzgivaya" mu chimbudzi cha tizilomboto lomwe. Achichepere - achichepere, kudalira momwe mungadabwere, tembenukani. Ndipo, popeza ali ndi mthunzi wakuda, pafupifupi graphite, kusintha kosavuta kumachitika, komwe zikuyenera kuwombera ndikuwopseza mdani.

Chodabwitsa, kuwonjezera, kukonzekera kwamtunduwu nthawi yachisanu. Pre pamaso hibernation, amasonkhana mu magulu ndi kuikamo kumalo "usiku", izo amalimata ndi masamba Moss, udzu, etc. Spindles ndizofala kumayambiriro kwamasika.

Pambuyo pobisalira, sakhazikika pakudya dzuwa. Amakwawa pamiyala yosanja komanso pamiyala. Sizikusokonezani anguis njoka. Osamapha nyama, chifukwa ndizosowa, zomwe zili pangozi. Komabe, musazichite mosasamala. Amatha kudziteteza.

Areal anguis

Poto yamkuwa ili paliponse ku Europe, kumene m'malo omwe imafika ku Arctic Circle, ku Asia Little, ku Iran. Imapezeka ku Caucasus, ku Western Siberia.

Spindles amakhala m'mabotolo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakonda malo okhala ndi chinyezi chambiri. Iwo akhoza kukumana m'nkhalango wosanganiza ndi mitundu m'mbali nkhalango, clearings wakale, minda kumene wamtali udzu kukula mu mpesa anasiyidwa mu nkhalango, koma kawirikawiri pafupi matupi a madzi kapena malo lonyowa.