Suriname Pipa - Toadzomwe zimapezeka kumadzi aku Amazon ku South America. Mtunduwu ndi wa banja la a Pip, gulu la amphibian. Chule chapadera chimatha kubereka ana kumbuyo kwake pafupifupi miyezi itatu.

Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a Surinamese pipa

Mbali yodziwika bwino ya amphibians ndi kapangidwe ka thupi lake. Ngati mukuyang'ana chithunzi cha Pipa Surinamese, mungaganize kuti chule adachita mwangozi pansi pa madzi oundana. Thupi loonda, lathyathyathya lofanana ndi tsamba lakale la mtengo kuposa wokhalamo wokhala m'madzi otentha a mtsinje wotentha.

Mutu umakhala ndi mawonekedwe atatu, ndipo umapangidwanso, monga thupi. Maso ang'ono, opanda eyelope, ali pamwamba pa muzzle. Ndizosangalatsa kuti achule amasenda lilime losowa ndi mano. M'malo mwake, pakona pakamwa, chikhalacho chili ndi zigamba za khungu zofanana ndi ma tententi.

Kutsogolo kwake kumatha ndi zala zina zazitali zopanda zibowo, popanda nembanemba, monga zilili ndi achule wamba. Koma miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala ndi makatani amkati mwamphamvu pakati pa zala. Izi zimalola nyama yachilendo kuti ikhale yolimba pansi pamadzi.

Kukhala ndi maso osawona bwino, zala zanzeru zimathandizira peepe kuyenda pansi pamadzi

Thupi la munthu wamba limaposa 12 cm, komanso lilinso ndi zimphona, kutalika kwake kungafikire masentimita 20. Chikopa cha Surinamese pipa ndichopanda, chopindika, nthawi zina chimakhala ndi mawanga akuda kumbuyo kwake.

Utoto wake umakhala wosiyana ndi mitundu yowala, nthawi zambiri umakhala wa khungu lotuwa wokhala ndi m'mimba opepuka, nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi chingwe chakuda chobwera kummero ndikuzungulira khosi la chule. Kuphatikiza pa kusowa kwenikweni kwa data yakunja, pipa "inapatsa" chilengedwe fungo lamphamvu lofanana ndi fungo la hydrogen sulfide.

Surinamese pipa moyo komanso zakudya

Surinamese pipa m'madziwe oyaka matope, opanda magetsi olimba. Pali pipa waku America pompano ndi anthu - mu ngalande zothirira zam'minda. Pansi pamtundu wa silika womwe mumakonda ndi chakudya chamiyendo.

Ndi zala zazitali, chule limamasula nthaka yovunda, ndikukokera chakudya pakamwa pake. Kukula kwapadera kwa khungu pamafelewidwe amtundu wa asterisks kumamuthandiza mu ichi, ndichifukwa chake pipa amatchedwa "nyenyezi mfuti".

Surinamese pipa amadyetsa zotsalira zomwe zakumbidwa pansi. Itha kukhala zidutswa za nsomba, nyongolotsi ndi tizilombo tina tokhala ndi mapuloteni.

Ngakhale kuti chule limapanga zikhalidwe za nyama zapadziko lapansi (khungu loyipa ndi mapapu olimba), chithunzicho sichimawoneka pamwamba.

Kupatula kunja ndi nthawi yamvula yambiri kumadera a Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia ndi madera ena a South America. Kenako mimbulu yopanda phokoso imasunthira kunja kwa madzi ndikuyenda maulendo angapo kuchokera mnyumbayo, ikusunthidwa m'malo obisika amvula amvula.

Chifukwa cha khungu la amayi, ana onse a pipa amakhalabe ndi moyo

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Kuyamba kwa mvula yanyengo kumakhala chizindikiro kwa nthawi yakubzala. Ma peyala a Surinamese ndi amtunduwu, ngakhale ndizovuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi. Yaimuna imayamba kuvina kokwatirana ndi "nyimbo".

Potulutsa chidutswa chachitsulo, wopondayo amveketsa bwino kuti mkaziyo ndi wokonzeka kukhwima. Pofika kwa wosankhidwayo, wamkazi amayamba kuponyera mazira osavomerezeka kumadzi. Wamphongo nthawi yomweyo amatulutsa umuna, ndikupatsa moyo watsopano.

Zitachitika izi, mayi woyembekezera amakhala pansi ndipo amagwira mazira okonzekera kukula kumbuyo kwake. Wamphongo amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, amagawa mazira kumbuyo kwa mkazi.

Ali ndi miyendo yam'mimba ndi kumbuyo, amalikizira dzira lililonse pakhungu, ndikupanga khungu lofananira. Pakupita maola ocepa, msana wonse wa chule umakhala ngati uchi. Atamaliza ntchito yake, bambo wonyalanyaza amasiya mkaziyo ndi mwana wamtsogolo. Pamenepa udindo wake monga mutu wabanja umatha.

Mu chithunzi, mazira ndi tsabola womata kumbuyo kwake

Pamasiku 80 otsatira, Pipa azikhala atanyamula mazira kumsana wake, wofanana ndi mtundu wa kindergarten. Pa zinyalala imodzi ongoza cholowa amapanga achule ang'onoang'ono 100. Ana onse ali kumbuyo kwa mayi woyembekezera amalemera pafupifupi 385 magalamu. Gwirizanani, osati zovuta kwa wozunzika wotere.

Dzira lirilonse likakhazikika m'malo mwake, gawo lake lakunja limakutidwa ndi membrane wolimba yemwe amachita ntchito yoteteza. Ma cell akuya kufika 2 mm.

Pokhala m'thupi la amayi, maimelowo amalandira kuchokera mthupi lake zonse zomwe zimafunika kuti akule. Magawo a “uchi” ali ndi mitsempha yambiri yamagazi yomwe imapereka chakudya ndi mpweya.

Pambuyo pa masabata 11 mpaka 12 a chisamaliro cha amayi, ana aang'ono amaphulika mu filimu ya foni yawo ndikupanga gawo lalikulu lamadzi. Amakhala odziyimira pawokha kuti athe kutsogolera moyo womwe uli pafupi kwambiri ndi moyo wa munthu wamkulu.

Mapichesi achichepere amasiya maselo awo

Ngakhale makanda amabadwa kuchokera mthupi la mayi atapangidwa, izi sizimawoneka ngati "kubadwa kwathu" m'mawu ake enieni. Mazira amakula komanso nthumwi zina za amphibians, kusiyana kosiyana ndi malo okhawo otukuka mbadwo watsopano.

Omasulidwa ku achule, kumbuyo kwa bomba la surinamese pamafunika kusintha. Pachifukwa ichi, chikhalalachi chimakola khungu lake pamiyala ndi mwala, potaya "malo a mwana" wakale.

Mpaka nyengo yotsatira yamvula, chule wachilengedwe amatha kukhala kosangalatsa. Zinyama zazing'ono zidzatha kubereka pokha pokha zikafika zaka 6.

Pipa atabadwa atabadwa zazing'ono zazing'ono

Kuberekera Surinamese pipa kunyumba

Ngakhale kuwoneka kapena kununkhira kwanyumba sikuletsa okonda zachilendo kulera nyama yodabwitsayo kunyumba. Kuwona momwe ntchito yonyamula mphutsi ndi kubadwa kwa achule ang'ono sikosangalatsa kwa ana okha komanso kwa akulu.

Kuti Pipa amve bwino, mukufunikira ngalande yayikulu. Chule imodzi imasowa madzi okwanira malita 100. Ngati mukufuna kugula anthu awiri kapena atatu - onjezerani aliyense ndalama zofanana.

Madzi ayenera kusungunuka bwino, kotero samalani ndi makina amtunduwu wa okosijeni am'madzi pasadakhale. Ndondomeko ya kutentha iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala. Chizindikiro chake sichikhala pamtunda wa 28 C ndi kutentha kwa 24 C.

Pansi, miyala yabwino yokhala ndi mchenga nthawi zambiri imathiridwa. Zingwe zopangira kapena zokhala ndi moyo zingathandizire kuti Suriname toad imve kunyumba. Pazakudya, mapaipi samawonekera. Kwa iwo, zakudya zowuma za amphibians, komanso mphutsi, mawonde ndi zidutswa zazing'onoting'ono za nsomba, ndizoyenera.

Kupemphera mwamaganizidwe odabwitsa a amayi oyembekezera kwambiri, mlembi wa ana (komanso katswiri wazanthawi yayitali) Boris Zakhoder adapereka ndakatulo yake imodzi ku Surinamese peep. Chifukwa chake chule lakutali komanso laling'onolo lidatchuka osati ku South America kokha, komanso ku Russia.

Habitat

Achule a ku Surinamese amakhala ku Amazon ndipo zofala m'maiko otsatirawa:

• South America
• Peru
• Brazil
• Bolivia.

Pipa amatha moyo wake wonse m'madzi. Nthawi zambiri achule amenewa amakhala m'madziwe ang'onoang'ono ndipo samawasiya pamoyo wawo wonse. Pali mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yamtundu wa Suriname. Apaulendo akuti pipa amakhala ndi moyo wodekha komanso wopanda nkhawa. Kuyenda movutikira pansi pama dambo. Komanso, anthu ena amtunduwu amakhala m'mizere yothirira, paminda yolimidwa.

Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe

Mutu wa pipa ndiwopindika ndipo umafanana chimodzimodzi ndi thupi lonse la chule otentha. Maso ali pamwamba pa nkhope, alibe kope ndipo ndi ochepa kwambiri. Chimodzi mwazinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri zam'mimba ndi kusowa kwa mano ndi lilime mwa nyama izi. M'malo mwake, ziwalo zogaya zimasinthidwa zigamba za khungu zomwe zimapezeka pakona pakamwa. Amawoneka ngati mahema.

Kanema: Pipa

Kusiyananso kwina kwakukulu kuchokera ku achule ena onse - miyendo yakutsogolo ya amphibian iyi ilibe zimagwira kumapeto kwake ndikutha ndi zala zokulitsidwa. Ndipo zomwe zimadabwitsa kwambiri - palibe zopanda pake pa iwo, zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi pipa ya Surinamese ku nyama zonse zapamwamba kwambiri. Koma pamiyendo yakumbuyo pali makoko akhungu, amasiyanasiyana mwamphamvu zawo ndipo amapezeka pakati pa zala. Makatani awa amachititsa kuyenda kwa chule pansi pa madzi ndi chidaliro.

Kutalika kwa thupi la Surinamese pipa pafupifupi sikokwanira kupitirira masentimita 20. Ndiosowa kwambiri pamene anthu akuluakulu amapezeka omwe kutalika kwake kumafika 22-23 cm. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakusintha kwa chisinthiko chomwe chimalola kuti Surinamese pipa kuti izitha kutengera zochitika zachilengedwe ndi chobowola (chosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri ya achule otentha). Achule awa ali ndi khungu laimvi komanso m'mimba wopepuka.

Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mzere wakuda womwe umabwera mpaka kumaso ndi kuphimba khosi la chala, motero umapanga malire. Fungo lonunkhira, losasangalatsa la nyama yokongola pang'ono pang'onopang'ono limalepheretsa anthu omwe amadana nazo ("fungo lokhalo" limafanana ndi hydrogen sulfide).

Zopatsa Thanzi, Khalidwe

Chimadya pa pipa chomwe chimapezeka pansi. Pogwiritsa ntchito kutsogolo, chule amasula pansi, kuyesera kugwira tinthu tokhala ndi michere. Mitundu yayikulu - chofunda cha Suriname, imagwira usiku, sichisiya thupi lamadzi.

Ngakhale kuti madzi amawakonda kwambiri, achule a mtunduwu ali nawo kupuma ndi mapapo ndi khunguKhalidwe la mitundu yapadziko lapansi.

Amuna munyengo yamatumba amapanga mawu osangalatsa, kumadina ndi mawu achitsulo.

Surinamese pipa ngati chiweto

Ngati zingafunike, zolengedwa zachilendozi zimatha kusungidwa kunyumba ngati chiweto (sikuti aliyense amakonda agalu ndi amphaka). Ndikofunika kuwapatsa iwo malo oyenera. Choyamba mufuna chinsalu chachikulu komanso chakuya (oposa malita zana kapena awiri). Pipa amakhala moyo wachisangalalo, chifukwa chake ndi koyenera kumamupatsa iye (iwo) chiwerengero chokwanira cha "pobisalira" ndi zowunikira zazifupi.

Achule amadya zazinthu zamtundu uliwonse zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito:

• Magazi,
• Zivomezi
• Utoto wamadzi
• Ngakhale nsomba zazing'ono.

Njira yodyetsera imatenga, pafupifupi, mphindi khumi. Atangodya, zinyalala zilizonse zimafunikira kuchotsedwakotero kuti wokhala watsopano m'madzi samatenga matenda aliwonse.

Kuti mukongoletse aquarium ndi Surinamese pipa mkati, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira ndi mbewu zenizeni, pankhaniyi palibe zoletsa. Pansi titha kumakidwa ndi miyala yoyala, ngakhale kuti zazingwe ndizofanana chimodzimodzi.

Malo okhala ndi malo okhala

Mutha kupeza Surinamese pipa ku South America, ku Amazon. Amakhala ku Suriname, Peru, Bolivia ndi maiko ena angapo. Izi zimakonda kukhala m'malo osungirako pang'onopang'ono kapena oyimirira ndi madzi amatope, okhala pansi. M'nyengo yamvula, madzi a Amazon akamadzaza madera akulu, Surinamese pe pe amayenda, ndikufufuza malo atsopano ozungulira.

Mawonekedwe

Ngati mungayesere kupeza phukusi la Surinamese m'malire a madzi, poyang'ana pang'ono lingakhale lolakwika chifukwa cha chidutswa chakale, chovala, kapena mwala wosalala. Kapangidwe ndi kapangidwe ka thupi la amphibian uyu ndizachilendo kwambiri.

Miyeso ya amphibian imeneyi nthawi zina imafika mpaka 20 sentimita, koma kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 12. Thupi ndi lathyathyathya, ali ndi mawonekedwe pafupi ndi amakona, osinthika bwino kukhala mutu wa mawonekedwe osalala. Pakamwa pa Surinamese pipa ndi yotakata kwambiri, yopanda, yosiyana ndi achibale ena, lilime ndi mano.

Maso ndi ang'ono, opanda ma eyel, omwe amakhala mwachindunji pakamwa, akuyang'ana m'mwamba. Kusowa kwa eyel akufotokozedwa ndikuti Surinamese pipa amakhala nthawi yayitali m'madzi, osafikira kumtunda. Ngakhale khungu lake loyinyika komanso kupuma limapangidwanso bwino kuti likhale ndi moyo kunja kwa matupi amadzi.

Zolocha zam'mphepete mwa Surinamese zilibe ziwalo pakati pa zala zazitali zazitali zosuntha, kumapeto kwake kuli nyenyezi zakumaso.

Miyendo yakumbuyo imakhala yamphamvu, yopanga, ngati achule ena, okhala ndi nembanemba. Adasinthidwa mwangwiro pakuyenda kwamadzi. Kapangidwe ka miyendo yakutsogolo kumayenderana ndi moyo ndi zakudya za amphibian uyu. Mtundu wa khungu la Surinamese pipa ndi wofiyira, kuyambira waimvi mpaka wofiirira wakuda, kotero kuti zikhale zovuta kupeza pakati pa silt ndi mabala adani achilengedwe.

Chodabwitsa china cha Surinamese pipa ndi kununkhira kwake kosakumbukika, kotikumbutsa hydrogen sulfide.

Zikuwoneka kuti, kununkhaku kumakhala ngati "beacon", kulola abambo kuti azitha kupeza akazi mosavuta m'madzi ovuta panthawi yakuswana.

Pomaliza

Dziko la amphibians ndi lodabwitsa komanso losiyanasiyana kotero kuti munthu amatha kudabwa ndi zokongola zachilengedwe, zomwe zidapatsa anthu okhala ndi nyamazo mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, mitundu, kukula, komanso kuthekera koyenera kusilira, ndipo, nthawi zina, kutsanzira.

Surinamese pipa ndi chitsanzo chowoneka bwino cha momwe mungasamalire ana anu amtsogolo, mtundu wa chisamaliro chotani chothandizira ana. M'mabuku amtsogolo, tidzakumana ndi oimira angapo osangalatsa komanso odabwitsa a amphibians.

Kodi pipa amakhala kuti?

Chithunzi: Pipa the Chule

Malo okondedwa a chule awa ndi matupi amadzi okhala ndi madzi ofunda komanso amatope, osasiyanitsidwa ndi mphamvu yamphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyandikira kwa munthu sikumamuwopseza - nsonga za Surinamese zimakhala pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu, nthawi zambiri zimawoneka kuti sizili kutali ndi malo olimapo (makamaka m'mitsinje yothirira). Nyamayi imangokhala yamatope pansi - kwakukulu, kosanjikiza ndi malo osungirako.

Zamoyo zodabwitsa zoterezi zimakhala m'chigawo cha Brazil, Peru, Bolivia ndi Suriname. Pamenepo amawaganiziridwa kuti "opambana amoyo onse a madzi oyera" - mapiri a Surinamese amakhala ndi moyo wamadzi. Achule awa amatha kuwoneka mosavuta osati mumitundu yonse yamadzi ndi mitsinje, komanso m'mitsinje yothirira yomwe ili paminda.

Ngakhale chilala chotalika sichitha kuwakakamiza kuti akwawire panthaka yolimba - pipa amakonda kukhala pansi m'maenje owuma. Koma limodzi ndi nyengo yamvula kwa iwo akuyamba thambo lenileni - achule amatenga miyoyo yawo kwathunthu, kuyenda ndi madzi amvula kudutsa m'nkhalango zomwe madzi amasefukira.

Chodabwitsanso chidwi ndi chikondi champhamvu cha Pip Surinamese wamadzi - chifukwa chakuti nyama izi zidapanga khungu labwino komanso loyipa, loyipa (zizindikiro izi ndizodziwika bwino ndi nyama zapadziko lapansi). Thupi lawo limafanana ndi tsamba laling'ono lathyathyathya lokhala ndi ngodya zakuthwa mbali zake. Kusintha kwa mutu m'thupi sikunafotokozeredwe. Maso akuyang'ana mokweza.

Malo okhala anthuwa asanduka malo ananso a pezi za Surinamese. Ngakhale mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino komanso fungo la hydrogen sulfide, anthu omwe amakonda nyama zachilendo amasangalala kubereka achule kunyumba. Amavomereza kuti zonsezi ndizosangalatsa komanso zothandiza kutsatira njira yonyamula mphutsi ndi mkazi akabadwa ndi ma tadpoles.

Zikatero, ngati mutawerenga nkhaniyo mukamvetsetsa chisoni ndi ma Surinamese peep ndikusankha mwamphamvu kukatenga chule kunyumba, ndiye kuti mwakonzanso malo akuluakulu. Mmodzi wa ma amphibian ayenera kukhala ndi madzi okwanira 100 malita. Kwa aliyense wotsatira - buku lofanana.Koma ndizomwe zili apo - likukhalira kuti Pipa Surinamese kuthengo kokha amatha kuzolowera chilichonse. Ali mu ukapolo, amakumana ndi zovuta, ndipo kuti nyama iyi ibereke, ndikofunikira kupereka zingapo.

Izi zikuphatikiza:

• kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wam'madzi ukhazikika,
• kutentha kosalekeza. Kusintha kwa mfundo ndizovomerezeka pamtunda kuchokera pa 28С mpaka 24С,
• Zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Chule izi sizifunika kudyetsedwa osati zouma zouma za m'madzi okha, komanso ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mphutsi za tizilombo touluka m'madzi ndi nsomba zatsopano.

Kupanga Surinamese pipa yemwe akukhala m'madzi am'madzi kukhala omasuka momwe angathere, mchenga wokhala ndi miyala yabwino komanso mwala wamtchire uyenera kuthiridwa pansi.

Kodi pipa amadya chiyani?

Chithunzi: Pipa m'madzi

Ndi zala zake zamphamvu komanso zazitali zopezeka pamphumi pake, nyalugwe imamasula dothi ndikuyang'ana chakudya, kenako ndikuitumiza kukamwa kwake. Amadzithandizira pantchito yabwinoyi ndikumakula m'miyendo yake. Popeza kuti amafanana ndi nyenyezi, chule ameneyu amatchedwa "galu wa nyenyezi". Zakudya za chule cha Surinamese zimakhala ndi mitundu yotsalira yomwe ili pansi penipeni penipeni pa nkhokwe, pansi.

Kuphatikiza apo, pipa amadya:

• nsomba zazing'ono ndi mwachangu,
• nyongolotsi
• mbozi zam'madzi.

Achule a Pipa pafupifupi samasaka chilichonse. Mosiyana ndi achule wamba, omwe ife tinkakonda kuwona, samakhala mchithaphwi ndipo samagwira tizilombo touluka ndimalilime awo atali. Inde, ali ndi khungu loyipa, kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa mapapu, koma Surinamese pipa amangodya mwakukumba mozama mu siltali, kapena kungokhala m'madzi.

Ponena za nyengo yamvula, ofufuza ena adazindikira momwe nyengo yamvula imakhalira, anthu aku South America amawoneka m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi ndikuyenda maulendo ataliatali kuti akapeze mapaunda ofunda ndi auve omwe ali pafupi ndi nkhomaliro yamvula. Pomwepo amatenthetsera ndi kuphimba ndi dzuwa.

Tsopano mukudziwa kudyetsa achule a pipa. Tiwone momwe amakhalira kuthengo.

Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo

Chithunzi: Suriname Pipa

Monga achule ena ambiri otentha, pakuchepa kapena kuyanika kunja kwa matupi amadzi, Pipa Surinamese imakhala nthawi yayitali m'malo opanda uve, osaya matope kapena poyambira, kudikirira moleza mtima nthawi zoyambira. Pochita mantha, amphibian mwachangu amadzera pansi, kukumba mozama mozama.

Ndikosatheka kuti musangokhala pa mawonekedwe azikhalidwe zamiseche. Mwachitsanzo, ma tadpoles olimba amakonda kufika pamwamba pa madzi ndikumagwira mpweya wabwino wopatsa moyo posachedwa. "Ochoka" ofooka, m'malo mwake, amagwera pansi ndikuyandama pansi ndikuyesa kokha 2-3.

Mapapu awo atatseguka, nthenga zimatha kusambira mozungulira. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawiyi akuwonetsa machitidwe - osavuta kuthawa kwa adani ndi kudya. Chule, chomwe m'mbuyomu chinkanyamula mazira kumbuyo kwake, tadpoles itatuluka, imakola miyala, ndikufuna kuchotsa mazira obwezeretsanso mazira. Pambuyo pa molting, mkazi wokhwima mwakugonana amakhalanso wokonzeka kukhwima.

Mapaipi amadyetsedwa kuyambira masiku awiri amoyo wawo. Zakudya zawo zazikulu (ziribe kanthu momwe zimamvekera) ndi ma ciliates ndi mabakiteriya, chifukwa mwa mtundu wawo wa zakudya amakhala osasefera (monga ma mussels). Nettle ufa ndi abwino kudyetsa akapolo. Kuberekanso ndi kukulitsa bomba la Surinamese kumachitika pa T (mu vivo) kuyambira 20 mpaka 30 ° C ndi kuuma osapitilira 5 mayunitsi.

Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka

Chithunzi: Surinamese pipa chule

Amphongo ochita zachiwerewere amapanga kumveka kwinakwake, kumamuwuza mkaziyo kuti ali wokonzeka kumupangitsa kukhala wokondweretsa komanso wosangalatsa kukhala ndi nthawi. Amuna ndi akazi amaseweretsa magule aukwati pansi pamadzi (munthawi imeneyi, wina ndi mnzake “amawunikidwa”). Chikazi chimayikira mazira angapo - limodzi ndi izi, "wosankhidwa wake" amawatsanulira ndi madzi ake akumimba.

Pambuyo pake, njirayi imagona pansi, pomwe mazira okhathamira amagwera mwachindunji kumbuyo kwake ndipo amatsatira iye. Wamphongo amatenga nawo mbali mu njirayi, kukanikiza mazira kwa mnzake ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo. Pamodzi, zimatha kugawa nawo mosiyanasiyana m'maselo omwe ali kumbuyo konse kwa mkazi. Chiwerengero cha mazira amodzi mu mawonekedwe amodzi amasiyana kuchokera pa 40 mpaka 144.

Nthawi yoti chuleyo ibereke ana ake ndi masiku 80. Kulemera kwa "katundu" ndi mazira omwe ali kumbuyo kwa mkazi ndi pafupifupi magalamu 385 - kuvala zomangamanga za pipa kuzungulira koloko ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri. Ubwino wa mtunduwu posamalira ana uli m'lingaliro loti pomaliza kupanga mapangidwe omanga, umakutidwa ndi kadzenje kowopsa koteteza khungu lomwe limapereka chitetezo chodalirika. Kuzama kwa maselo komwe caviar imayikidwa mpaka 2 mm.

Kukhala, makamaka, m'thupi la amayi, maimelo amalandira kuchokera mthupi lake zonse zomwe amafunikira kuti chitetezeke. Magawano omwe amalekanitsa mazira kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake amalowetsedwa ndi zotengera - kudzera mwa iwo mpweya ndi zosungunuka zimalowa mu mbewu. Kwina kwina mu masabata 11 mpaka 12 achinyamata pe pe achinyamata amabadwa kale. Kufika pa ukalamba ndi zaka 6 zokha. Nyengo ya kuswana ikugwirizana ndi nyengo yamvula. Izi sizodabwitsa, chifukwa pipa, monga wopanda chule wina, amakonda madzi.

Adani achilengedwe amabisalapo

Chithunzi: Toad Surinamese pipa

Pipa Surinamese ndiwothandizadi kwa mbalame zotentha, zodya nyama komanso anthu ochulukirapo okhala m'malo. Ponena za mbalame - nthawi zambiri achule amenewa amadzisangalatsa ndi nthumwi za mabanja a corvidae, abakha komanso achifinya. Nthawi zina amadyedwa ndi adokowe, mahule, heron. Nthawi zambiri, mbalame zodziwika bwino komanso zodziwika bwinozi zimatha kugwira nyama ikauluka.

Koma choopsa chachikulu ndi njoka ku Surinamese, makamaka njoka zam'madzi (monga zazala zina zonse zomwe zikukhala kuzilumba zilizonse). Kuphatikiza apo, ngakhale kubisala kokongola sikawathandiza pano - pofunafuna, nyama zapamtunda zimakonda kwambiri zinthu zam'tsogolo komanso kudziwa kutentha komwe kumachitika ndi zinthu zamoyo. Akamba akuluakulu amasamba nawonso sakonda kudya phwando ngati la chule.

Komanso, ngati achikulire ali ndi mwayi wopulumutsa miyoyo yawo pothawa mwachangu kapena pobisalira wowathamangitsa, ndiye kuti malembawo alibe chodzitchinjiriza. Ambiri a iwo amafa, kukhala chakudya cha tizilombo tokhala m'madzi, njoka, nsomba ngakhalenso chinjoka. Mokulira, aliyense wokhala m'malo otentha "adzawona kuti ndi mwayi" kudya phwando.

Chinsinsi chokha chopulumukira ndi kuchuluka - kokha kuti Pipa wachikazi wa ku Surinamese akaikira mazira pafupifupi 2000, amapulumutsa mtunduwo ku chiwonongeko ndikuulola kuti uwonongeke.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Chithunzi: Pipa amawoneka bwanji

Pipa amagawidwa makamaka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya South America. Achule awa amatha kuwoneka pafupifupi m'maiko onse a kontrakitala iyi. Akatswiri ena owonera za nyama adazindikira kukhalapo kwa achule awa ku Trinidad ndi Tobago. Malire ofukula ndi ofikira mpaka 400 metre pamwamba pa nyanja (ndiye kuti nsonga za surinamese zimapezeka ngakhale pamalo okwera).

Ngakhale kuti Pipa Surinamese adasankhidwa kuti ndi gulu la nyama zam'madzi zambiri, chule ameneyu amadziwika kuti ndi wamadzi am'madzi - mwa kuyankhula kwina, amakhala nthawi zonse m'madzi, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa anthu amtunduwu. Pipa Surinamskaya amakonda malo osungirako ndi madzi osayenda kapena kuyenda kwakanthawi - malowa amatenga mitsinje yambiri, komanso ma dziwe ndi madziwe ang'onoang'ono. Achule amabisala mwaluso m'm masamba agwa, ndikuphimba pansi pazosungira. Chifukwa choti pamtunda amasuntha kwambiri ndipo (mosiyana ndi achule ena ambiri) samatha kudumphira mtunda wautali, anthu omwe ali kunja kwa dziwe amakhala osavuta kuwapeza.

Ponena za momwe zachilengedwe zilili, lero kuchuluka kwa Surinamese pipa ndi mphamvu zake zimawoneka kuti ndizokhazikika. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa adani achilengedwe komanso chiwonetsero cha anthropogenic, mitunduyi imapezeka kawirikawiri. Palibe chowopsa pakukula kwa mitundu iyi, ngakhale m'malo ena pakhala kuchepa kwa anthu chifukwa cha ntchito zaulimi za anthu komanso kubwezeretsanso madera. Pipa Surinamese palibe mndandanda wazamoyo zomwe zikuopseza kuchuluka, umapezeka m'malo osungirako.

Pipa Surinamese imasiyana ndi ena onse oimira amphibian m'njira zambiri - kokha kokha ilibe lilime lalitali lopangidwira kugwira tizilombo, mulibe ma membala ndi zibwano pamiyendo yake. Koma ali womasuka kwambiri ndipo opambana onse amasamalira ana, atanyamula mazira kumbuyo kwake.

Mawonekedwe ndi kufotokozera kwa Surinamese pipa

Kusiyana koyamba kuchokera kwa anthu ena okhala ndi mitundu ina ndi thupi. Mukawona chule yotere nthawi yoyamba, mutha kuganiza kuti sking rink idasuntha kangapo. Thupi lake ndi locheperako komanso lathyathyathya, lofanana ndi tsamba lakale, lalitali la mtengo winawake, komanso kuvomereza kuti ndiwokhala mumtsinje wotentha wokhala ndi madzi ofunda ndizovuta.

Mutu wa chida cha Suriname uli ndi mawonekedwe atatu ndipo umasunthika ngati thupi lonse la chule. Maso ili pamwamba pa nkhopeAlibe zopewa ndipo ndi ochepa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti achule amenewa alibe mano ndi lilime. M'malo mwake, chipangizocho chili ndi zikopa zamkati zomwe zimapezeka pakona pakamwa ndipo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi mahema.

Miyendo yakutsogolo ya amphibian ilibe ziwalo ndipo imatha ndi zala zazitali zomwe zopanda zibwano, izi ndi kusiyana kwina kuchokera kwa achule ena. Ndipo pamiyendo yakumbuyo pali makoko akhungu, amakhala amphamvu kwambiri ndipo ali pakati pa zala. Makatani amenewa amathandiza kuti chule lizikhala olimba mtima ngati madzi.

Thupi la chule osati lalikulu kwambiri silikhala kupitirira masentimita khumi ndi awiri, koma pali anthu opambana, kutalika kwake fikirani masentimita makumi awiri. Khungu la nyama yachilendo iyi ndi loyipa komanso khwinya, nthawi zina mumatha kuwona mawanga akuda kumbuyo.

Utoto wa Surinamese pipa suli wowala, makamaka ali ndi khungu la bulauni komanso pamimba lowala; pakhoza kukhalanso lingwe lakuda lomwe limapita kummero ndikuphimba khosi la chala, ndikupanga malire pamenepo. Kuphatikiza apo, nyama yosawoneka bwino kwambiri imakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu lomwe limafanana ndi fungo la hydrogen sulfide.

Njira Ya Moyo Wa Chule Ndi Thanzi

Mbale yokhala chule ili ndi malo osungira okhala ndi madzi otentha komanso amatope, omwe alibe magetsi amphamvu. Muamakumana ndi anthu pafupi, pafupi ndi minda yobzalamo ngalande zothirira. Amakonda pansi pamatope, ndiye malo opatsa pipa.

Ndi zala zake zazitali, zomwe zili pamphumi pake, iye amasula dothi ndikuyang'ana chakudya, kenako ndikuikokera mkamwa mwake. Othandizira mu izi ndi omwe akutuluka pamiyendo, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri ndi asterisks, kudzera mwa chule uyu amatchedwa "mfuti ya nyenyezi".

Zakudya za chule zaku Surinamese, ndizotsalira zomwe zimayikidwa pansi, pansi pa malo osungira. Itha kukhala:

• nsomba
• nyongolotsi
• mapuloteni okhala ndi michere yambiri.

Achule a Pipa sawoneka konse pamtunda, ngakhale ali ndi zisonyezo zonse za nyama ya pamtunda:

1. khungu loyipa kwambiri
2. mapapu olimba.

Zosiyanazo ndi nthawi zomwe mvula imagwa kwambiri ku Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador ndi mizinda ina ku South America. Kodi zimachitika liti? Zida zamtundu wa Surin kuwonekera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikuyenda kwa makilomita mazana ambiri kuti akapeze mafinya otentha ndi akuda pafupi ndi nkhalango yamvula, komwe amapaka dzuwa ndi dzuwa.

Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi kubereka

Nthawi yobala achule a Surinamese imayamba nthawi yamvula ikayamba. Mitengo iyi ndi yachimuna ngakhale sizovuta kusiyanitsa komwe kuli mkazi komanso komwe amuna amakhala. Kuti agonjetse wamkazi, wamwamuna ayenera kuyamba kuvina kokhadzula, komwe kumatsata - nyimbo.

Kuti mkazi amvetsetse kuti mwamunayo akufuna kukwatirana, amayamba kubaya. Chachikazi atasankha wamwamuna, amamuyandikira ndikuponya mazira osavomerezeka m'madzi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo yamphongo imayamba kumasula ubwamuna kuti ipatsenso ana mtsogolo.

Pakapita kanthawi, njirayo imatsikira pansi kuti ikatenge mazira omwe mwamunayo adaziphatikiza, amazigwira kumsana kwake. Ndipo yamphongo panthawiyi iyenera kugawana mazira kumbuyo kwa mayi wamtsogolo.

Amapanga timaselo tating'onoting'ono kumbuyo kwa wamkazi, ndikakanikizira dzira lirilonse pamenepo, amadzithandiza ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndi m'mimba. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito maola ambiri, chomera chakumbuyo chimatha kusokonezeka ndi uchi. Ntchito itatha, wamwamuna amasiya ana ake amtsogolo ndi mkaziyo ndipo samadzawonekeranso m'moyo wawo.

Surinamese pipa adzabala ana awo kwa masiku pafupifupi makumi atatu. Chule pa zinyalala imatha kutulutsa achule pafupifupi zana omwe amabadwa nthawi yomweyo. Katundu yemwe ili kumbuyo kwa mkazi Amalemera pafupifupi magalamu 385, kwa bomba, izi ndizovuta. Mazira onse atakhala m'malo awo, adakutidwa ndi membrane woteteza, imakhala yolimba kwambiri komanso imateteza ana amtsogolo. Kuzama kwa maselo komwe caviar imakhazikika imafika mamilimita awiri.

Pokhala mu thupi la amayi, mazira amatenga kuchokera mthupi lake lonse, kupatula, michere yomwe ndiyofunikira kuti ikule. Manda omwe amawalekanitsa amakhala ndi mitsempha yambiri yam'magazi, kudzera momwe amalandirira mpweya ndi zakudya, mazira.

Masabata khumi ndi awiri pambuyo pake, achule achichepere amatyola filimu yoteteza nyumba yawo ndikusambira kulowa m'dziko lopanda madzi. Kuyambira kubadwa, amakhala odziimira pawokha ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino yekha, popanda thandizo la munthu wamkulu.

Maonekedwe aanthu ang'onoang'ono awa samadziwika ngati kubadwa kwa moyo, ngakhale achule amawoneka kuchokera mthupi la mkazi. Njira yopangira mazira, monga amphibians ena, kusiyana kokhako ndi komwe amapanga.

M'badwo watsopano ukabadwa, chule kumbuyo kwa Surinamese pamafunika kukonzanso mwachangu. Kuti muchite izi pipa akumutupa msana za algae ndi miyala yosiyanasiyana ndipo izi zimamupangitsa kuti achotse malo omwe maimelo adapangidwira.

Mpaka nyengo yotsatira ya matingawa, achule amatha kusangalala ndi moyo ndipo alibe nkhawa. Achule achichepere azitha kubereka mosadalira ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Surinamese pipa kunyumba

Anthu omwe amakonda nyama zachilendo amaberekera achule abwino kwambiri amenewa kunyumba, ndipo mawonekedwe awo osawoneka bwino komanso fungo la hydrogen sulfide sawawopsa konse. Ndizosangalatsa kuyang'anira momwe akazi amanyamula mphutsi ndi momwe amabwerera kudziko lapansi.

Ngati mukuganiza zoyambitsa pipa kunyumba, ndiye kuti mudzafunika malo okhala ndi malo okhala. Ngati muli ndi chule limodzi kuti mukhale ndi moyo, ndiye ziyenera kukhala osachepera malita zana amadzi, ndipo ngati awiri kapena atatu, ndiye kuti agawanikana kotero kuti kuchuluka komweko kumagwera pamunthu aliyense, ndiye kuti, achule atatu amafunikira aquarium kwa malita mazana atatu a madzi.

Madzi ayenera kukhala odzazidwa bwino ndi mpweya, motero muyenera kuganizira izi pasadakhale. Komanso yang'anani mosamala kutentha kwa kutentha. Kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri makumi awiri ndi asanu ndi atatu ndi kukhala osachepera makumi awiri ndi anayi.

Pansi pa aquarium muyenera kuthira mchenga ndi miyala yabwino. Komanso ziyenera kukhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolusa, izi zingathandize Surinamese Frog khalani omasuka. Afunika kudyetsedwa kosiyanasiyana chakudya cham'madzi, ndipo sangakane kuchokera ku nyongolotsi, mphutsi ndi tizinthu tating'onoting'ono tamoyo.