Malinga ndi Baibulo, mvula yochokera ku achule ndi themberero loyipa. Ndipo asayansi amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizofotokozera mosavuta. Chomwe chimapangitsa mvula iyi ndi mitsinje yamadzi, yomwe ndi mtundu wa mkuntho. Ngati chivomerezi chalowa m'dziwe ndi achule, chimawatenga kumwamba ndi madzi. Mphepo ikauma, achule amawaza kuchokera kumwamba kubwera padziko lapansi. Mu 2007, achule adagona m'tauni ya El rebolledo ku Spain.
Mvula ya akangaude
Mu 2013, mumzinda wa Santo Antonio da Platin ku Brazil, akangaude adagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Inde, "mvula kuchokera kwa akangaude" imamveka ngati dzina la wokondweretsa, koma akatswiri azamatsenga akuti izi ndizomveka. Mwambiri "mvula" yopangidwa kuchokera kwa akangaude Eximius Anelosimus. Zofukula za pensulo zazikuluzikulu zamtunduwu zimakhazikitsa ukonde wotalika mpaka 20 mita pamitengo. Mwachidziwikire, kukoka kwa chimphepo kumang'amba ukonde wotere ndikumapita nawo kumwamba. Atafika, anaganiza kuti kunali kugwa kuchokera kumwamba kuchokera kangaude.
Kodi ndichifukwa chiyani izi?
Pali malingaliro angapo okhudzana ndi kupanga kwamvula yamagazi.
1. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi ma algae ofiira tinali m'madzi, chifukwa amatenga tint yofiirira.
2. Meteor shawa, yomwe idabweretsa zinthu zosadziwika ndi sayansi.
3. Mchenga wofiira kuchokera ku Sahara.
Njira yachitatu ndiyosayerekezereka, chifukwa ngati izi zikadakhala zoona, pakadakhala mvula yambiri. Koma ndalemba izi, popeza manyuzipepala aku India anali oyamba kupereka chiphunzitsochi molondola.
Koma gawo lachiwiri lili ndi chitsimikiziro pamene iwo amatenga madzi, anapeza gawo laling'ono la zinthuzo, zomwe mpaka pano sanapeze tanthauzo lomveka. Njira yoyamba ilinso ndi chowonadi, mayesowa adatsimikizira kuthekera kwa kuthengo kwofiira mumvula yamagazi.
Ndikuona kuti mvula mu 2001 m'miyezi itatu iyi idagwa mosiyanasiyana. Mvula yamadzi inayamba kuchokera pa pinki yowala kupita pakhungu. Mvula yofiyira yamagazi ikagwa, zimawoneka ngati magazi akugwera pa inu. Zinali zosatheka kusiyanitsa mvula ndi magazi. Zachidziwikire, ngati simukulawa.
Nkhani ya mvula yamagazi siyokhayo. Mpaka zaka za zana la 20, mvula yambiri yamagazi. Zolemba zina zimati mvula idachokera m'magazi a anthu ndi zovala zowonongeka zamagazi. Khulupirirani kapena ayi, zili ndi inu. Koma zomwe zidachitika kuti ku India kudagwa mvula mu India zikuwonetsa kale kuti zolembedwazi zili ndi chowonadi china.
Zikomo chifukwa chondisamalira. Lembani malingaliro anu mu ndemanga ndikulembetsaDziko lapansi.
Mvula yamagazi: malingaliro a mawonekedwe
Pambuyo pofufuza ku Kerala, zidapezeka kuti chomwe chimayambitsa mvula yofiira chinali matewera ofiira osakanikirana ndi madzi.
Komabe, pali mitundu ina ya momwe mvula yamankhwala idakhalira: utoto wa agulugufe a hawthorn kapena phukusi kuchokera pamlengalenga, chifukwa pakati pazinthu zosanthula kuchokera ku Kerala, zinthu zopanda tanthauzo zidapezeka. Malinga ndi asayansi, amagwirizana ndi Red Square Nebula, yomwe ili ndi zaka 2300 kuchokera padziko lapansi.
Kuphatikiza apo, mu 2012, zomwe zidachitika ku India zidadzibwereza - mvula yamagazi adazungulira pa tawuni ya Kannur.
Ndipo padziko lapansi pano pali mathithi amadzi ku Antarctica.
Mvula ya ndalama zakale XVI - XVII c. Meshchera, Russia, 1940
Patsikulo, chuma chambiri chidagwera okhala m'mudzi waku Russia - ndalama pafupifupi chikwi! Kuti muwwezere mlengalenga mumlengalenga, mumafunikira mphamvu yayikulu, yomwe imatha kubweretsa chisanu. Chilichonse chingakhale bwino, koma zovuta zakuthambo izi sizimapanga chilichonse.
Malinga ndi mtundu wina, panthawi yamkuntho wamabingu, chumacho chidasokonekera, ndipo chimphepo champhamvu chidatulutsa ndalama mlengalenga ndikuziponyera m'dera la mudzi wosangalala. Mwa njira, izi zisanachitike, mu Novembala 1940, mumzinda wachingelezi wa Hanham, kunagwa mvula kuchokera kumagolide a zipembedzo 1 ndi 0,5.
Mvula ya Zipatso, Coventry, England, 2011
M'modzi mwa anthu omwe adawona izi: "Zinali zosayembekezeka komanso zosamveka. Maapulo si chipatso chopepuka kwambiri, chifukwa zimatha kuwononga kwambiri. Mwamwayi, anthu sanavulazidwe: magalimoto angapo adakhala akuvutikira pakugwa kwa apulo. Anthu ena pakati pa mana apulosi akumwamba amapezanso kaloti komanso ngakhale mitu yaying'ono ya kabichi.
Mvula yochokera kunthaka, ku Scotland, 2011
Mvula iyi idagwa kwa ophunzira amodzi mwa masukulu, omwe panthawiyo anali m'bwaloli panthawi yamaphunziro a masewera olimbitsa thupi. A David Crichton, mphunzitsi wawo, adakakamizidwa kuti asokoneze phunzirolo ndikuthamangitsa ophunzira mchipindacho.
Kenako mphunzitsi, limodzi ndi ma wadi ake, amatola mphutsi kwa nthawi yayitali kuti awapatse mayeso. Mphutsi zokwana 120 zidapezeka mkati mwa radius wa mamita 92. Asayansi amati mphepo idabweretsa nyongolotsi, koma patsikulo nyengoyo idali yotentha komanso yopanda phokoso.
Chifukwa chake palibe kufotokoza.
Mvula ya Thrush, Arizona, USA, 2011
Mbalame zouluka kuchokera kumwamba sizinso zachilendo. Chifukwa chake pa Chaka Chatsopano cha 2011 ku USA, zikopa zakuda 4,000 zidagwera nzika, onse adafa.
Akatswiri a Ornithologists adaphunzira nkhani yachilendoyi kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo adazindikira kuti mbalamezo sizimafa chifukwa chomenya mpaka pansi, koma zikagundana ndi chinthu. Asayansi ena ananena kuti zopsereza zamoto Chaka Chatsopano ndizomwe zimayambitsa mlandu.
Ena adanenetsa kuti, chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa, mbalamezo zidataya mawonekedwe ndikuyamba kugwera mumitengo ndi nyumba.
Sopo yasodzi, Yoro, Honduras, Meyi - Julayi, pachaka
Mvula yamvula ku Honduras sichinthu chodziwika bwino, koma chachikhalidwe. Izi zikuchitika pafupi ndi mzinda wa Yoro pakati pa Meyi ndi Julayi.
Chimawoneka ngati ichi: nthawi ya 5-6 pm mtambo wakuda utapachikika pansi, kenako mabingu, mphezi zimayaka ndipo nsomba zimayamba kugwa kuchokera kumwamba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, zachilendozi zimafotokozedwanso ku Fonduran.
Ngakhale wasayansi wamkulu Humboldt adafotokoza zenizeni zamvula zam'madzi. Pali zochitika zambiri zoterezi zomwe zalongosoledwa m'mbiri.
Kukula kwa cosmic, Chita, Russia, 2015
Chifukwa chiyani kugwa kwamvula sikumabweretsa anthu: makoswe, nsomba, ndi akangaude ... Komabe, mu Epulo la chaka chino, anthu okhala ku Chita adakhala ndi vuto lapadera: chinthu chodabwitsa chidagwa kuchokera kumwamba ndikuphulika, ndikuwonetsa owopsa. Zoterezi sizachilendo m'mbiri: pafupifupi pafupifupi 400 zinthu zotere zimagwera pa Earth pachaka.
Mvula yokhala ndi kukoma kwa nkhondo, Lakewood, USA, 1984
Kuphatikiza pa zolengedwa komanso zinthu zakuthambo, nthawi zina zinthu zosayembekezereka zimangogwera pa Earth. Chifukwa chake, mu 1984 mumzinda wa Lakewood, chipolopolo chojambula cholemera makilo 12 mwadzidzidzi chinagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Chochitika chofananachi chidachitika pa febulo 7, 1958 ku Naples - pomwe chigamba cha ku Germany chidagwa nthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse.
Mvula yamvula
Mvula ndimwadzidzidzi, ndipo sizovuta kudabwitsa aliyense ndi izi. Koma nthawi zina mpweya wadzaoneni umachitika.
Mwachitsanzo, mu Okutobala 1755, mvula inagwa mumzinda wa Locarno waku Switzerland, wokumbutsa magazi ndi utoto, ndipo chipale chofiyira chinagwa ku Alps. Zinapezeka kuti fumbi linasamutsidwa kuchokera kuchipululu cha Sahara kupita ku Switzerland ndi mphepo yamkuntho. Ndipo ili pafupifupi makilomita 3,000.
Ku China, mvula idagwa kuchokera achule tsiku lomaliza chivomezi cha Sichuan cha 2008.
Pa Januware 15, 1877, njoka zinagwa m'misewu ya Memphis panthawi yamvula. Kuphatikiza apo, ena a iwo anali ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa - mpaka theka la mita.
Nthawi zambiri, ikagwa mvula, achule amagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Imodzi mwa mvula "chule "yi idachitika pa Juni 16, 1939 ku Trowbridge (Great Britain). Mphepo yamkuntho inawatola ku madambo ozungulira nadziwunjikira kumzinda. Ndipo ku Honduras, mvula yotere imachitika nthawi zonse kuyambira zaka za zana la 19. Pamenepo, osati achule omwe amagwera pansi, komanso nsomba.
Mu 60s ya zaka zapitazi, mvula yamtundu wa ... kirimu inali kugwa nthawi zonse pamodzi wa mizinda ya US. Malongosoledwe ake anali osavuta: panali chomera chopangira zonona zouma za manyowa awo mu mzindawo. Mapaipi oyeretsa atatsekedwa, ufa umagwera mlengalenga. Anthu okhala komweko akuti ngakhale chifunga cha mzinda wawo chidakhala chotsamira.
Ku Florida mu 1969 kunali mvula. Mwadzidzidzi, limodzi ndi mvula, mipira ya gofu inagwa pansi. Panali angapo a iwo. Zomwe okonda gofu adatsiriza popanda kufufuza zidakhala chinsinsi.
Mu Disembala 1974, mazira owiritsa adagwera pa sukulu ku Berkshire (England) kwa masiku angapo motsatizana.
Meyi 11, 1984 m'chigawo cha Vicksburg (USA) matalala adagwa. M'modzi mwa matalala anali chimfine. Mwanjira yodabwitsa, adagwa mubingu ndipo adakutidwa ndi ayezi.
Mu 1990, ng'ombe idagwa kuchokera kumwamba pa chikwama chosodza cha ku Japan chomwe chili munyanja ya Okhotsk. Pakuomba mwamphamvu sitimayo inamira, ndipo ogwira ntchitowo anapulumutsidwa. Mwa njira, asodziwo adati nyama zingapo zidagwa.
Mu 2001, ku UK, komanso mu 2007 ku USA, mvula idagwa ndi ma earthworms idagwa.
Komabe, zinthu ngati izi zimachitika osati kumayiko akutali, timakhalanso ndi zomwe tiyenera kunyadira.
Mvula, yomwe idachitika pa Juni 17, 1940 kudera la Gorky pafupi ndi mudzi wa Meshchera, imatha kupikisana motsutsana ndi mutu wa zachilendo kwambiri. Patsikulo ndalama za siliva za m'ma 1600 ndi 1700 zinagwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Ndizovuta kunena komwe ndalama izi zidachokera: kodi mkuntho udakwera chuma kumwamba kapena dzira la munthu wina kuti lizigwa mvula? Koma zoona zake zilipo.
American Charles Fort (1874 - 1932) akhala akuwerenga zaka izi kwa zaka zambiri. Anatha kutolera zithunzi zopitilira 60,000, zowulutsa m'manyuzipepala komanso magazini ofotokoza mvula yachilendo.
- Mvula yodabwitsa kwambiri padziko lapansi
Nyengo nthawi zina zimadabwitsani kuti simudziwa komwe mukupita komanso zomwe mungachite. Kungakhale mabingu okhala ndi thambo lowoneka bwino, ndiye matalala chilimwe, kapena china.
Milandu ngati imeneyi imakhala yofala, motero palibe chifukwa chodabwira. Chinthu chinanso chodabwitsa - nthawi zina m'malo mwa madzi kapena ayezi china chake chosaganizira bwino chimagwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Inde, zoona, mudamva kuti nthawi zina achule ndi nsomba zimagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Koma pali milandu ina yodabwitsa kwambiri yomwe sinachitike kalekale.
Mvula ya Spider ku ArgentinaMu Epulo 6, 2007, akangaude adayamba kugwa kuchokera kuthambo m'chigawo cha Salta, Argentina. Komanso, akangaude amitundu yambiri, mitundu yonse ndi mitundu. Kukula kwa kangaude komwe sikunali kakang'ono kwambiri - pafupifupi masentimita 10 (ngati anayeza ndi miyendo). Ngakhale umboni wapakalembedwe wosangalatsa uyu wasungidwa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazithunzi.
Korovopad ku Japan
Mu 1997, woyendetsa nsomba aku Japan adayamba kumira munyanja ya Japan. Asodzi opulumutsidwa, monga amodzi, akuti wobowolezayo adaponyedwa ndi ng'ombe yomwe idagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Zachidziwikire, asodziwo adatsekedwa m'chipatala, poganizira zomwe zidachitika.
Koma zonse sizinakhale zomvetsa chisoni - patadutsa milungu iwiri lamulo la Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la Russia linatiuza za zomvetsa chisoni - oyendetsa ndege amodzi mwa ndegeyo anaba ng'ombe, ndikusankha nthawi ndi nthawi kuti adzimangire okha. Koma oyendetsa ndege sanadziwiretu kuti nyamayo ipita kuthengo ndege ikanyamuka.
Ng'ombeyo idayamba kuwononga chilichonse mkati mwa ndege, ndipo idachita kuyitaya (sizikuwonetsedwa momwe zidachitikira - kudzera mwa kuwombera kwa bomba, kapena mwanjira ina).
Mvula yamagazi ku Colombia
Nthawi zambiri mumamva za mvula "yamagazi", ndiye kuti, mvula yofiira. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuti chifukwa chamvula yamvula yamtunduwu ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono, kapena chinthu china. Koma mchaka cha 2008, mvula yamwazi idagwa ku Colombia.
Unali magazi enieni, monga momwe wasayansi waku La Sierra, Choco amasonyezera. Zomwe adatengedwa, kuwunika komwe kunawonetsa kuti anali magazi. Zikuwonekeratu kuti ansembe akumaloko adanena kuti ichi ndi chizindikiro kwa ochimwa kuti akuyenera kusintha moyo wawo.
Mu 2007, ku Germany, dalaivala wa magalimoto adawona pagalasi loyang'ana kumbuyo kuti akutsika kuchokera kumwamba ... ndalama, pepala ndalama. Zinapezeka kuti ndi yuro. Woyendetsa adayamba kutolera ndalama, kenako pazifukwa zina adayitanitsa apolisi. Atafika, kunalibe ndalama mumseu ndi misewu, zonse zinasonkhanitsidwa.
Mvula Yatsopano Nyama
Mlanduwu, wolembedwa, unachitika mu 1876 (inde, kanthawi kapitako), ku United States. Mwamuna wina wolemekezeka anali atakhala muofesi yake, m'nyumba yake.
Mwadzidzidzi adazindikira kuti china chake chachilendo chikuchitika kunja kwawindo - zidutswa za nyama yatsopano zikugwa.
Amereka adatola zidutswa zingapo, yokazinga, ndikuyitanitsa abwenzi ake kuti ayese mphatso yosayembekezereka yochokera kumwamba.
Ataona pang'ono pang'ono, abwanawo ananena kuti sanali mwanawankhosa.
Zinthu 10 zodabwitsa kwambiri zomwe zidagwa kuchokera kuthambo nthawi yamvula
Zinthu 10 zachilendo zomwe zidagwa kuchokera kuthambo
Mvula kapena matalala - mpweya womwe ungakondweretse kapena kukhumudwitsa anthu. Koma nthawi zina, nthabwala zachilengedwe, ndi achule, ndalama, ng'ombe ndi zinthu zina zosayembekezereka zimagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Talemba zakhumi khumi zodabwitsa kwambiri.
Mvula ya achule.
Malinga ndi Baibulo, mvula yochokera ku achule ndi themberero loyipa. Ndipo asayansi amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizofotokozera mosavuta. Chomwe chimapangitsa mvula iyi ndi mitsinje yamadzi, yomwe ndi mtundu wa mkuntho.
Ngati chivomerezi chalowa m'dziwe ndi achule, chimawatenga kumwamba ndi madzi. Mphepo ikauma, achule amawaza kuchokera kumwamba kubwera padziko lapansi.
Mu 2007, achule adagona m'tauni ya El rebolledo ku Spain.
Nyama yamvula
Zizindikiro mlengalenga
Marichi 3, 1876 m'tawuni yaying'ono ya Kentucky, Olympia Springs (USA), nyama yowazidwa kuchokera kumwamba - zidutswa za masentimita 10-25 kukula. Pakufufuza mu labotale, kunakhala ngati minofu ya mapapu a kavalo.
Zomwe zidachitika izi ndizachinsinsi.
Malinga ndi lingaliro lowoneka bwino, gulu lalikulu la njoka mwina langodya mahatchi angapo okufa, ndipo mbalame imodzi ikamaba nyama mlengalenga, zotsalazo zimatsata.
Mvula yamkuntho
Mvula yokoma ya kirimu wowuma.
Mu 1969, nzika za mumzinda wa Chester waku America zitha kupeza mafuta a kirimu kuchokera kumwamba. Ayi, awa si mana akumwamba konse. Zochitikazo ku Borden, wopanga mafuta osalala amkaka, adakumana ndi zovuta zokhala ndi mpweya wabwino. Zotsatira zake, makaluni amchere amaphulika m'mwamba. Zogulitsa confectionery zidasakanikirana ndi mvula ndi mame, ndipo zimalowa mu mzindawo momwe muli chinthu chomata.
Mvula ya Mpira Wagalu
Mvula yamasewera a gofu.
Pa Seputembara 1, 1969, okonda masewera a gofu ochokera ku Punta Gorda (USA, Florida) mwina amaganiza kuti amwalira ndikupita kumwamba - mipira yambiri ya gofu idagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Malinga ndi akatswiri a zanyengo, mkuntho unangodutsa mu mzindawu, ukuwonongera malo osungiramo mipira ya gofu ndikukweza zomwe zili m'mwamba. Mphepo yamkuntho itachepa, mipira idayamba kugwa m'misewu ya mzindawo.
Mvula ya mphutsi
Umboni mvula yamkuntho.
Marichi 4, 2001 ku UK panthawi yophunzirira mpira pa ophunzira a Galashiel Academy, mphutsi zadzidzidzi zinagwa pansi kuchokera kumwamba. Nyengo inali yodziwikiratu, chifukwa chake nkovuta kunena kuti izi zimachitika nyengo.
Popeza chochitikacho chidachitika zenizeni pakati pamunda wosayera, phwando silimaphatikizidwa. Vutoli silinasinthidweko lidabweranso mu 2007 ku Louisiana.
Nyongolotsi zazikulu zingapo khumi ndi ziwiri zidagwera mkazi pamsewu nthawi yomweyo.
Thupi lochokera kumwamba
Ovutika padziko lapansi chifukwa cha masoka amlengalenga.
Mwayi wobwereza nkhani yoipayi pa Seputembara 25, 1978 ndi ochepa. A Mary Fuller a ku San Diego anali atakhala mgalimoto moyimilira ndi mwana wake wamwamuna wazaka 8, pomwe mwadzidzidzi thupi laumunthu lidasweka pamphepete mwamphepo yagalimoto yake.
Kodi thupi lidachokera kuti? Fuller sanadziwe izi, koma ndege yomwe idakwera Pacific Southwest Airline, yotsatira ndege nambala 182, idagundana ndi ndege yapadera ya Cessna. Ngoziyi idapha anthu 144. Thupi lomwe linaswa chimphepo chamkuntho chagalimoto ya a Miss Fuller anali m'modzi mwa omwe adachitidwa ngozi.
Mwamwayi, Fuller ndi mwana wake wamwamuna adakumana ndi mavuto ochepa okha. Mpaka pano, ngoziyi idakali kuonedwa ngati yoipa kwambiri m'mbiri ya ndege yaku California.
Ng'ombe ikugwa kuchokera kumwamba
Ng'ombe yomwe idagwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Mu 1997, woyendetsa nsomba aku Japan adapulumutsidwa ndi bwato loyang'anira ma Russia ku Nyanja ya Japan. Wosweka chombo atafunsidwa momwe sitimayo idavutikira, asodziwo adayankha kuti ng'ombe idagwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Palibe amene anakhulupirira nkhaniyi, ndipo asodziwo nthawi yomweyo adagwidwa ndikumangidwa. Patatha milungu iwiri, Mneneri wa Gulu Lankhondo Lankhondo la Russia adakhumudwitsa adauza akuluakulu aku Japan kuti m'modzi mwa gulu lake adabera ng'ombe ndipo adakwera nayo ndege. Pazifukwa zosadziwika, ng'ombe idaponyedwa kuchokera kumtunda wa 10 km pamwamba pa Nyanja ya Japan. Oyendetsa boti achi Japan adamasulidwa nthawi yomweyo.
Mvula ya ndalama
Mvula ya ndalama ndimwadzidzidzi.
Zimapezeka kuti ndalama zakumwamba ndizomwe zimachitikanso mwachilungamo. Mu 1957, m'tawuni yaying'ono ya ku France yotchedwa Bourges, zolemba zokwana 1,000 zinayamba kutsika kuchokera kumwamba. Mu Disembala 1975, mazana mabiliyoni a banki imodzi yomwe inali $ 588 idagwa kuchokera kumwamba kupita ku Chicago, Illinois.
Pa Disembala 3, 1968, msewu wakutsogolo kwa sitolo ku Ramsgate, England udadzaza ndalama. Palibe amene adawaona akugwa, koma aliyense adamva kulira kwawo panjira. Ngakhale mlendo zinali zomwe ndalama zidapangidwira, ngati kuti zidagwa kuchokera kumtunda waukulu.
Nthawi yomweyo, kunalibe nyumba zazitali kapena ndege zouluka m'derali. Pa Meyi 28, 1981, msungwana waku Reddish, England adanenanso kuti adaona khobidi la ndalama zokwana 50 likugwa kuchokera kumwamba m'mene amayenda kumanda a St. Elizabeth.
Pambuyo pake patsikulo, ana ena angapo adatinso zomwe zidawachitikira.
1. Kodi mumavumba bwanji kuchokera m'makobidi akale a XVI-XVII c. Meshchera, Russia, 1940
Anthu okhala m'mudzi waku Russia adataika pomwe ndalama pafupifupi chikwi zidawagwera! Kulemera kwa ndalama ndizodabwitsa, asayansi amati pofuna kukweza unyinji m'mlengalenga, pamafunika mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimatha kubweretsedwa kokha ndi mkuntho, koma zochitika ngati izi sizimawonedwa. Akuti bingu lamkuntho linasokoneza mabokosi akale, ndipo chimphepo chamkuntho chinaponya katundu wam'mudzimo. Mlandu wofananawo udawonedwa mu 1940 m'tauni yaku England ya Hanham, pomwe mvula idabweretsa ndalama m'mipingo ya 1 ndi 0.5 pence.
4. Mvula yofiyira (yamagazi), Kerala, India, 2001
Mvula iyi sinatenge miyezi yochepa. Chifukwa cha mantha owopsa ofiira magazi, anthu adawona chizindikiro choyipa mvula. Komabe, asayansi adatsimikizira okhala mwamantha: mvula idakongoletsedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ziphuphu zakomweko. Mwa njira, kuwonjezera pa mpweya wofiyira, anthu adawonanso mvula ya lalanje komanso yapinki.
8. Mvula yamadzi, Yoro, Honduras, Meyi-Julayi, pachaka
Mvula yamvula ku Honduras sichinthu chodziwika bwino, koma chachikhalidwe. Izi zikuchitika pafupi ndi mzinda wa Yoro pakati pa Meyi ndi Julayi.
Chimawoneka ngati ichi: nthawi ya 5-6 pm mtambo wakuda utapachikika pansi, kenako mabingu, mphezi zimayaka ndipo nsomba zimayamba kugwa kuchokera kumwamba. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, zachilendozi zimafotokozedwanso ku Fonduran.
Ngakhale wasayansi wamkulu Humboldt adafotokoza zenizeni zamvula zam'madzi. Pali zochitika zambiri zoterezi zomwe zalongosoledwa m'mbiri.
Zinsinsi za chilengedwe: mvula kuchokera ku achule, nsomba ndi zinthu zina ..
Kulowa M'mbuyomu | Kulowa kwotsatira
zazushka1
Kuyambira kalekale, anthu awona zodabwitsa zam'mlengalenga - mvula yamvula kuchokera ku nyama zosiyanasiyana kuyambira zazing'ono mpaka zazikulupo (kuyambira tizilombo kupita ku ng'ombe). Amasulira izi munjira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo amakayikirabe ena pazomwe zimadzetsa mvula yachilendo. Zomwe nthawi zina zimatsanulidwa pamitu ya okhala padziko lapansi lakale, komanso momwe zimachitikira - tikuyang'ana mopitilira!
Kukhazikika mu mawonekedwe a nsomba zazing'ono ndi zazikulu zimawonedwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana m'makona onse a dziko lapansi - yamoyo, yakufa komanso yovunda (iyi ndiyabwino kwambiri). Zolemba zakale za a Florentine zokhudza nyengo zanyengo zam'mbuyomu zimanena za ming'oma ndi zodula. Mvula yopangidwa ndi nsomba ku India idapanga phokoso lalikulu, pafupi ndi Mtsinje wa Brahmaputra - Wolemba wasayansi James Principe.
Simudzadabwitsa aliyense yemwe ali ndi chodabwitsa chotere ku England: panthawi yamabingu, nsomba zidagwa kangapo apa - onse m'midzi ndi m'minda, ndipo dera lamvula yachilendo limakhala laling'ono nthawi zonse, ndipo limangokhala pamsewu umodzi kapena gawo lokha. Ku America, mu 1892, mvula idagwa kuchokera kuma eels, ndipo iyi si mndandanda wonse wosankha.
Titha kungonena kuti anthu ambiri amasangalala ndi nsomba zatsopano zaulere ndipo asangalala nazo.Posachedwa, mu Marichi 2010, mvula ngati iyi idagwa ku Australia. Panthawi ya mvula, nsomba, achule ndi mbalame zinagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Nyama zina zinapulumuka kugwa bwino kwambiri, ngakhale zinali choncho.
Zikuwoneka kuti adagwa pansi atangoukitsidwa ... Koma zikuchitika bwanji? Kodi chifukwa chake izi ndizotani? Chikhulupiriro china chimati mizimu yamphamvu pamwamba pamadzi imatha kunyamula nyama ndikuyiyendetsa mtunda wautali isanayiponyere pansi.
Izi sizinatsimikizidwepo mwasayansi ku Honduras kuti ku Central America, mvula kuchokera ku nsomba imachitika chaka chilichonse. Zidakhala ngati mwambowo wa "Chikondwerero Cha Mvula Yansomba". Zowona, tsopano a Honduran ayenera kusankha tsiku lenileni, chifukwa kuyambira 2006, idagwa mvula kuchokera kuzamoyo kale kawiri pachaka.
Ngakhale zili choncho, mawu ngati awa amanenedwa ndi wailesi yakanema ya Honduran.Pomwe sayansi ikuyesera kupeza yankho, anthu akumaloko akukhulupirira kuti mvula ya pachaka siili kanthu koma Mulungu akuwathandiza. Pakati pa 1856 ndi 1864, wansembe wa Katolika, bambo Jose Manuel Subirana, amakhala kuderali.
Akatolika ambiri a Honduras amamuona ngati woyera mtima, ngakhale kuti Vatican sanamupatse ulemu wotere. Adakhala masiku atatu usana ndi usiku ndikupemphera payekha, ndikupempha kuti adzichepetse kudziko losauka komanso mkate wake watsiku ndi tsiku. Nthano imanena kuti pamene Atate amaliza pemphero lawo la masiku atatu, kunagwa mvula yoyamba.
M'malo mwake anthu nthawi zonse amatola nsomba zomwe zimawathandiza kudzidyetsa okha .. National Geographic idachita kafukufuku m'derali mu 1970. Akatswiri adatsimikizira za nkhaniyi, koma sanathe kufotokoza. Ndikosavuta kufotokoza chifukwa chake nsomba zonse ndi zofanana komanso mitundu.
Kuphatikiza apo, ndizodabwitsa kuti nsomba zamtunduwu sizikhala m'madzi am'deralo. Chiphunzitso china cha asayansi ndichakuti nsomba zimagwidwa mumtsinje wopangidwa ndi chimphepo champhamvu. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti nsomba zimatha kuwuluka kuchokera ku Nyanja ya Atlantic, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita 200, kapena kumakhala mitsinje pansi pa nthaka.
Mvula Yamkuntho Ndi Mkuntho
Awa ndi nsomba zam'madzi zomwe zimabalalika nyengo yachingerezi m'chigawo cha Worcestershire mu 1881. Komanso, bingu lamkuntho linabweretsa okhala m'deralo ndalama za £ 25 - zenizeni! Nyama zam'nyanja zidasonkhanitsidwa kwa masiku awiri, ambiri adakwanitsa kupeza zidebe zingapo. Ndiponso, "chozizwitsachi" chidachitika pamunda wawung'ono.
Komanso sichachilendo. M'masiku akale, kugwa kwa anthu zikwizikwi kulembedwa ku Greece: wolemba mbiri Heraclides Lemb adalemba kuti kunali mvula yambiri kuchokera ku achule kotero kuti mitsinje idadzaza ndi iwo, nyumba ndi misewu zidakutidwa ndi achule, ndipo padalibe poti angolowerere.
Nyumba zambiri zidatsekedwa, ndipo fungo la achule akufa lidadzaza mpweya ndi fungo lomwe anthu adathawa. M'zaka zapitazi, mvula yochokera ku ma tadpoles idagwa ku France - komanso popanda madzi, koma yokha. Anthu anali ndi misewu yaulere, ma caf ndi ma van kuchokera kwa iwo.
Milandu yofananayi imadziwika ku Japan, ndipo mvula ya chule yomaliza idalembedwa ku America zaka zinayi zapitazo. Mwinanso, mvula zam'madzi sizosasangalatsa monga momwe mvula imagwera ngati achule. Komabe, monga akunena, kukoma ndi mtundu ... Mwinanso wina amakonda ma soads kwambiri. Mu Ogasiti 1804, mtambo wa mtundu wakuda kwambiri unawoneka kumwamba pafupi ndi Toulouse. Kuchokera pomwe adakonkha pansi.
.. achule. Komanso, tsikulo linali dzuwa ndipo linali lowoneka bwino. Munthu akhoza kungolingalira komwe adachokera. Zoterezi zidachitikanso mu 1863 ku England, m'mudzi wa Aykl. Apa, achule ambiri adagwa kuchokera kumwamba kotero kuti mudziwo udadzazidwa ndi iwo. Zowona, patsiku "lachilendo" lachilendo lidasowa mwadzidzidzi. Kodi adapita kuti, anthu sanamvetsetse.
Mu June 1882, mzinda wodabwitsa unapita ku Iowa. Chododometsa chake chinali chakuti mkati mwa matalala matalala anali achule ang'ono, kuphatikiza apo, ali moyo. Mu June chaka chimenecho, mvula ya achule oyera idagwa ku Birmingham. Pamalo omwewo, mvula yomweyo idagwa mu 1954.
Mu 60-80s a zaka zapitazi, achule adagwa ku Buckinghamshire, ku Arkansas, France, m'mudzi wa Brignoles. Ndipo mu 1933, ku Far East, pafupi ndi mudzi wa Kavalerovo, jellyfish idagwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Akuti m'zaka za zana la 19 kunali mvula yoposa 100 kuchokera ku nsomba ndi achule .. M'zaka za zana la 20 panali zochitika zoposa 50 zotere.
Mu 1573, kudera la mzinda wa Bergen, mvula yachilendo idachokera ku mbewa zazikulu zachikaso. Atagwera m'madzi, ndodo zathamangira kumtunda ndikupeza pogona. Pakutha kwa chaka chamawa, mbiriyakale imadzibwereza yokha.
Mvula yamvula yambiri ku USA. Mazana a bakha akufa akuthengo, onyada, mbalame zamtchire ndi mbalame zina zimagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Zina mwazomwe zimagwera mvula zimapezeka m'mizinda, zina pamisewu ikuluikulu yamapiri, komanso malo amalo okhala ndege. Zotsirizirazi zikufanana kwambiri ndi ma chemotraces, koma sikuti zonse ndizophweka.
Ma Autopsi amawonetsa zotsatira zosiyana, kuyambira asphyxiation mpaka kuvulala kwambiri, ngati gulu lalikulu la mbalame zosiyanasiyana zonse zidagundika khoma losaoneka ndikugwa malo amodzi.Zomwezi zidachitika mu Ogasiti 1868 ku Brazil. Apa, magazi adatsika kuchokera kumwamba ndipo zidutswa za nyama zidagwa. Kunagwa pafupifupi mphindi 7. Mu Marichi 1876, zidutswa za mutton ndi veal zatsopano zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba ku Kentucky.
Mu 1880, kunagwa mvula yamagazi ku Morocco. Patatha zaka khumi, zomwe zidachitikanso ku Italy zidawonekeranso. Mvula inali ndi magazi oyera a mbalame. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti madera ozungulira kunalibe mkuntho, mphepo, kapena masoka ena achilengedwe. Ndipo komwe mitembo ya mbalamezo zidapita, sizikudziwikanso. Koma mu 1896, mitembo ya mbalame zophedwa zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba ku Louisiana.
Panali mitembo yambiri kotero kuti misewu yake inali ndi iwo. Zoterezi zinachitika mu 1969 ku Maryland. Nawonso mbalame zamwazi zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba .. Mu 1957, buku lotchedwa Wildlife of India lidasindikizidwa, wolemba wake ndi Mngelezi E. Gee. Adalemba za chinthu chosangalatsa kwambiri, chomwe iyemwini adakhala mboni. Zodabwitsazi zimatchedwa "kugwa nkhuku".
Zimachitika ku India chigwa cha Jating, m'mapiri a dziko la India la Assam. Chaka chilichonse, kumapeto kwa Ogasiti, tchuthi chodabwitsa chimachitika kuno, chotchedwa "Usiku wa Mbalame Zikugwa." Okhala m'deralo amapanga moto panjira. Mbalame zimawonekera mlengalenga usiku. Zina zimagwera pansi. Anthu okhala m'chigwacho amatola mbalame, kuzikoka ndi kuziwaza. Mbalame zimagwa kuchokera kuthambo kwausiku 2-3.
Anthu am'deralo akutsimikiza kuti milungu imawatumizira mbalame ngati mphotho ya machitidwe abwino .. Mu 70s ya XX century, a Sengupta wowonera nyama ku India adaganiza kuti adziwe zomwe zikuchitika. Adawona kuti machitidwe a mbalame ndichodabwitsa kwambiri. Sanangogwera pansi, komanso anawulukira mnyumbamo. Komanso, mbalame sizinayese kuthawa zikagwidwa. Kwa masiku angapo sanali awo, sanadye chilichonse.
Koma ngati pambuyo pake adatulutsidwa kuthengo, mbalamezo zidawuluka ngati kuti palibe chomwe chidachitika. Wosamalira zachilengedwe adaganiza zokambirana nkhaniyi ndi akatswiri azamankhwala ku Europe ndi USA. Sizinali zotheka kuthetsa vutoli.
Mvula ya njoka ndi mphutsi
Kodi mungayerekezere kudabwitsidwa kwa anthu okhala m'midzi ingapo ku Memphis, mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Tennessee, pamene pa Januware 15, 1877 zikwizikwi za njoka kuchokera kumtunda umodzi mpaka theka kugwa nyumba zawo limodzi ndi shawa?! Mwina chithunzi chotsatirachi chikuwoneka kuti chikukusangalatsani kwambiri: mu 1976, m'chigawo cha Devonshire (England) pakati pa dzinja, mphutsi zinayamba kugwa kuchokera kumwamba. Vutoli lidalinso kuti dziko lapansi linali lozizira kwambiri, ndipo sanathe kuzimiririka kuchokera kwa owona ndi maso mwanjira zachilengedwe, akupita kumalo awo okhala. Dera la Massachusetts linalinso ndi tsoka lomweli, komwe, pamodzi ndi chipale chofewa, modzabwitsa chimodzimodzi.
Izi pafupifupi "zosakwanira pamutu panga"! Mu 1877, othandizira angapo adabweretsa mvula ku umodzi wa mafamu aku North Carolina, ndipo mu 1990 ngozi yayikulu idachitika ndi asodzi ku Nyanja ya Okhotsk: ng'ombe idagwera pa chombo chosodza ndikuchiwotcha.
Mwamwayi, opulumutsawo anathandiza Mjapani wosanyinyirika, ndipo anati kuphatikiza pa chowopsa, nyama zambiri zoterezi zidagwera m'madzi.Mwezi wa Okutobala 1956, nyani wina wamatsenga adagwa kuchokera kumwamba ku San Francisco usiku. Zingakhale zomveka kuganiza kuti anagwa kuchokera mundege. Koma usikuwo, kunalibe nyani konse pa ndege iliyonse.
Ndipo mu 1930 ku Germany, m'mapiri a Rhine, anthu asanu akufa adagwa kumwamba, adakutidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Zachidziwikire, ndizosangalatsa kwambiri pamene ndalama zachitsulo zimachokera kumwamba. Izi zimachitikanso. Mu 1940, mdera la Gorky, pamwamba pa mudzi wa Meshchera m'boma la Pavlovsky, panthawi yamabingu, ndalama zasiliva zomwe zidatsanulidwa kuchokera kumwamba. Okhala m'deralo adatha kutolera ndalama ngati chikwi zomwe zidapangidwa munthawi ya Ivan the Terrible.
Pa february 17, 1957, nyuzipepala yaku London Peeple inafalitsa kalata yonena kuti nzika ya Durham County inali m'bwalomo pomwe ndalama ziwiri za theka la penti zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba. M'chaka chomwechi, ma banki okwana 1,000 anagwa pansi anthu okhala mumzinda wa Bourges ku France.
Apolisi anayesa kufufuza kuti ndi ndani yemwe ali ndi zikalata, koma eni ake sanapezeka. Anthu am'deralo ali ndi mwayi. Mu Seputembara 1968, nyuzipepala ya London Daily Mirror inanena kuti pennies ikugwa ku Kent ku Ramsgate.
Panali ndalama pafupifupi 50 zonse, koma zinali zopindika. Mu Januware 1976, nyuzipepala yaku Germany idafotokoza momwe mabanki adagwa kuchokera kumwamba pamaso pa ansembe awiri ku Limburg. Anatha kutolera masitampu 2000.
Okhala m'modzi mwa midzi ya m'chigawo cha Tula "anali operewera": zotchinga zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba m'chilimwe cha 1890. Ambiri adaganiza kuti adawona chozizwitsa cha Mulungu.
Palibenso chodabwitsa ngati "mvula" yamadzi oundana, miyala, njerwa, ndi zina zotere. Zinaonanso kuti nthawi zina zimatha kugwa modabwitsa. Mwachitsanzo, pa Seputembara 4, 1886, ku Charleston, South Carolina, miyala yofunda idawuluka usana ndi usiku kuchokera kumwamba komka kumka ku gawo lomwelo la mlatho.
Mu 1880, kwa masiku asanu otsatizana, pamaso pa mboni zambiri, njerwa zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba pafupi ndi sukulu pafupi ndi Boma la Nyumba ku Madras (India) Mu 1921, m'nyumba ina ku Pondicherry, zidutswa za njerwa zidagwa mkati India. Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, palibe amene anatha kupeza munthu woonda uja yemwe anaponyera njerwa izi. Mboni zachilendo chodabwitsa zija zidati njerwa sizidangolowa mnyumba zokha, komanso pabwalo.
Amawoneka ngati kuti palibe pena pake, pansi pa denga. Izi sizingafotokozeredwe ndi zovuta zamkuntho ... Zomwe zidachitikanso chaka chotsatira ku Chica (California). Panalibe masoka achilengedwe, makamaka masoka achilengedwe, m'chigawocho .. Panthawiyo ku Johannesburg (South Africa), amodzi mwa malo ogulitsa mankhwala "adasanjidwa" ndi miyala. Apolisi sanayesetse bwino kuti awone ngati amtundu wanji omwe amaponya miyala.
Chochititsa chidwi, miyala inagwa molunjika. Sizin zotheka kuvumbulutsa zomwe zidayambitsa zodabwitsazi .. Monga momwe nthano ndi nthano zimachitira umboni, m'mbuyomu, zinthu zofunika kwambiri zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Nthano yachikristu imadziwika kuti chipilala chodziwika ku Zaragoza chidatengedwa ndi mlengalenga ndi angelo ndi Namwali Mariya. Ndipo mu 416, mwala unagwa kuchokera kumwamba ku Constantinople.
Ku China, Japan ndi Burma, akukhulupirira kuti miyala yomwe idagwa kuchokera kumwamba monga piramidi sichinthu china chokha kuposa zithumwa zoperekedwa ndi kumwamba. Anthu amakhulupirira kuti miyala idayang'aniridwa kumwamba, kenako ndikuitaya ngati mphatso kwa anthu. "Angelo akumwamba" oterewa amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu kwa anthu.
Mwachitsanzo, mu Januware 1950, mkondo wozungulira ayezi wokulirapo masentimita 15 ndi 1.8 kuchokera pansi kuchokera ku Dusseldorf. Mkondo wabowola wopala matabwa, amene anali padenga la nyumbayo. Miyezi khumi idadutsa, ndipo ku Devon, pafamu pafupi ndi North Morton, zidutswa zazikulu za ayezi zidagwa, ndikupha nkhosazo.
Kumapeto kwa Marichi 1974 ku Pinner (Kugonana Kwapakati), madzi oundana ambiri adagwera pagalimoto yonyamula anthu, ndikuwononga kwambiri .. PaFebruwari 20, 1984 ku Scherbinka (Dera la Moscow), mpira wamiyala wolemera kilogalamu 7 udagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Adabowola padenga la nyumbayo.Zomwezi zidachitikanso mu 1988 m'mudzi wa Cades (Spain).
Mpira wa ayezi unagwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo unagawikana, chimodzi mwa zidutswa zake chinathyola thunthu lamtengo.Mwezi wa 14 Juni, 1990, mayi wachikulire wachingelezi, a Mary Nixon, adanenanso kuti mpira wamiyendo wofanana ndi mpira wa ayezi udaboola denga la nyumba yake. Sanaphe munthu wokalamba mozizwitsa. Patatha masiku atatu, mu Cambridge Road, chidutswa cha ayezi chinaboola denga la nyumba ina. Madzi oundana adasweka, zidutswa zina zimalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu 5.
Pambuyo pa masabata asanu ndi limodzi kumwera kwa France, mu tawuni ya Lac de Saint-Cas, chidutswa cha ayezi chofanana ndi mpira wa tennis chinagwera pamutu pa munthu. Mu February 1993, ITAR-TASS inanena kuti madzi oundana okwana mailosi anayi anawononga chitofu m'mudzi wa Petrish (Romania) pomwe kugwa. Mu zolemba za wofufuza zamankhwala amtundu R. Willis pali mauthenga ofananako okwanira.
Sayansi, pakali pano, imapereka malingaliro okayikitsa ponena za chiyambi cha zinthu zotere. Mwina madzi oundana amagwa kuchokera kumwamba motsogozedwa ndi mkuntho. Koma bwanji sichisungunuka? Mwina ayezi adagwa kuchokera mundege? Koma milandu yotereyi idachitika kale, pomwe kudalibe ndege. Zimadziwika kuti nthawi ya Charlemagne the Great (zaka 742-814) chimwala chachikulu chakugwa kuchokera kumwamba.
Pali lingaliro loti kugwa ayezi sikanthu koma meteorites. Koma malingaliro oterowo amakhalanso okayikira, chifukwa mafunde am'madzi oundana ayenera kusungunuka muthambo la Earth.Yasayansi yakale idatchula za ayezi womwe ukugwa kuchokera mu mlengalenga mu 1996. Apa ndipamene Dr. R. Griffiths ali kunja kwa mzinda waku England ku Manchester adawona kugwa kwa chidutswa cha ayezi wolemera kilogalamu ziwiri.
Wasayansi anali wamatsenga, izi zimamuchititsa chidwi kwambiri. Anatenga chidutswa cha ayezi kuti aphunzire. Mu labotale ya Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, "mthenga wakumwamba" adaphunziridwa mosamala. Ndipo adafika pamalingaliro: ali ndi makhristali makumi asanu, omwe amasiyanitsidwa ndi thovu lakuonda la ayezi. Izi sizili konse monga kapangidwe ka ayezi wamba. Panali kusiyana pakusintha kwa mankhwala. Chifukwa chake sizimatheka kunena kuti ayezi uyu adagwa kuchokera pa ndege.
Kuyesa kufotokoza zomwe zikuchitika
Chochititsa chomwe chimadziwitsidwa konsekonse chifukwa chamvula ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana, malingana ndi malingaliro amakono, ndizachikulu, kapena zokumbukira. Makonzedwe ake ndiwakuti kuyenda kwa magulu amlengalenga kumawongoleredwa mokweza ndikukweza zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zikupezana ndi njira yopita mumlengalenga, kenako ndikuwanyamula mtunda wautali.
Mbalame za Tornado zitha kusonkhanitsidwa m'nkhalango, ng'ombe - pamafamu am'deralo, ndi maula ndi achule - kuchokera kuzimbudzi ndi malo osaya. Mphamvu ya chimbudzi chikayamba kuchepa, pansi pake imataya katundu wake, kenako imagwa pansi.
Koma chiphunzitsochi sichimalongosola momwe nyama zimagwera m malo amodzi, osati malo osasunthika, momwe zimayenera kufalitsidwira ndi mphepo.Kamodzi, malongosoledwe oterewa amawoneka osavuta komanso okopa. Koma mbali inayo, pamakhala mafunso ena ambiri.
Makamaka, olemba buku la "Phenomena of Mirangaliso" R. Rickard ndi J.
Mitchell amafunsa kuti: "Sizikudziwika bwino kuti chifukwa cha zinthu zamkuntho ndizosankha bwino: amagwira, amanyamula mtunda ndikugwetsa pansi achule ndi nsomba pansi, osanyalanyaza malo awo okhala ngati madzi, matope, silika, miyala, mwala, ndi zinthu zina zamoyo. "
Othandizira chiwembu chachilendo amakhulupirira kuti izi ndizomveka mwakuyeretsa zomwe ziwiya zawo ziziyesa nyama. Malinga ndi wasayansi wina wotchuka wa zakuthambo, a Maurice Jessop, kugunda kwamvula komwe kumadutsa kumafanana ndi m'lifupi mwake. Chiphunzitso chinanso chokhala ndi lipenga ndichakuti chivomezi sichitha kuponyanso nyama zomwezo pamalo amodzi. Mabatani a malingaliro amapitilira osapeza yankho lenileni - ndipo mvula yosazolowereka, mosiyana ndi zomveka, ikupitilirabe.
Frothskis (zinthu zakugwa kuchokera kumwamba) ndi mvula zokongola
? chakantkname (wopulumutsa) adalemba
2016-07-06 16: 44: 00deligentkname
wopulumutsa
2016-07-06 16: 44: 00 Zomwe zimachokera terrao ku Frothskis (zinthu zakugwa kuchokera kumwamba) ndi mvula zokongola. nsomba zosiyanasiyana, nkhanu, chule, ayezi, miyala ndi "mapepala" ena amafotokozedwa bwino m'mawu a Winston Churchill: "Mwambi wobisa chinsinsi."
Izi nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa "frotskis", ndiye kuti "kugwa kuchokera kumwamba." Malipoti oterewa adatsutsa masamba a manyuzipepala omwe amalemba za zodabwitsa.
[more] Ndipo ngakhale olemba mbiri yakale yodziwika bwino yasayansi imadziwitsa owerenga ake za magulu azisamba, mawonetsero a squid ndi zanyengo zamvula ...
Nanga ndizomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zapadera ngati izi monga frotskis? Chifukwa chiyani zimachitika? Pakadali pano ichi ndi chinsinsi chomwe chimabisidwa mu malingaliro a munthu, mwachiwonekere, kwa nthawi yayitali. Akuyembekezerabe chidziwitso chake ...
Koma chinthu chimodzi chokha ndichachidziwikire: malongosoledwe amakono a "mafishane" ali ndi chinthu chosamveka komanso chodabwitsa, ngakhale zochitika zina
anafotokozera, ngati sichoncho, ndiye kuti zinali zokwanira.
Kukweza ndi kunyamula zinthu zosiyanasiyana pamtunda wawutali ndi chinthu chodziwikiratu. Amatha kunyamula anthu ndi nyama 4-10 km, ndi ma kilogalamu awiri kapena atatu kukula - mpaka 160 km.
Chochititsa chidwi, mvula yamtunduwu ya zolengedwa idafotokozedwa koyamba ndi wolemba mbiri wachi Greek Ateneus zaka 200 BC. e.
: "Kunali achule ambiri kotero kuti pamene anthu okhala m'mizindayo adawona kuti pachilichonse chimaphika ndi kuwedza, ndipo pali achule m'madzi akumwa, simungathe kuyang'ana phazi lanu
nthaka, osaphwanya chule, adathawa. "
Ndizosangalatsa kuti malongosoledwe amvula yamtunduwu adawonetsedwa m'mabuku kalekale kuposa kufotokozera kwamkuntho, mkuntho ndi mvula zamkuntho. Zikuwoneka
kwa akale anali mawonekedwe owopsa kuposa masoka achilengedwe.
Ndili pansi pa chikakamizo cha burongo kuti muchite zinthu zodabwitsa kwambiri, chifukwa, monga chotsekera, chimayamwa mu chilichonse chomwe chimazungulira. Chifukwa chake, pa Juni 17, 1940 m'mudzi wa Meshchera (dera la Gorky) pamitu ya anyamatawa.
wogwidwa ndi mvula yambiri, ndalama zasiliva zakale zimayamba kugwa.
Kuchokera pamtambo womwe wapachikika pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, chuma chonse chinagwa. Pambuyo pake, zidapezeka kuti ndalamazo zidakwiriridwa pansi m'zaka za XVI. Chingwe chosokosera chinayamwa chuma chobisidwa mumphika wachitsulo pansi ndikuchikweza pamtambo.
Pambuyo pakuuluka mtunda wa makilomita angapo, mvula yamkuntho inathirira pansi.
Mvula yamtundu wanthawi ya mvula idadziwika m'dera lapafupi ndi Mishkino: pomwe idabalalika pamitu ya anthu am'mudzi akuwopa kuchokera kumwamba komanso ndi silt ndi nsomba, ndipo
Mitembo ya nkhuku zokhotakhota.
Patsikuli, kamvuluvulu yemwe amakokoloka anakokolola nyanja zingapo kuzungulira mudziwo, ndikumakoka abakha mazana ambiri ndi atsekwe okhala ndi ana. Pakatha tsiku limodzi kapena awiri adapezeka atanyamula mitu yawo natembenuka
thukuta ndi kutulutsidwa kwathunthu.
(Chomwe chimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke, poyang'ana pang'ono, zodabwitsa ndizosavuta. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pali zodziwitsa za mpweya m'munsi mwa nthenga zam'madzi pakhungu. Mphamvu yochepetsera yamphamvu yamphepo yomwe imapangitsa kuti ma mlengalenga aphulike ndikuponyera kutali
Asayansi atsimikizira kuti zovuta zamphamvu zakuchera zomwe zimapezeka pansi pamtambo wamayi zimatha kusungitsa osati kunyamula ndalama zasiliva zokha komanso ma amphibians, komanso madzi ambiri otulutsidwa m'matupi amadzi. Chochitika china chofananacho
idakondwerera mu 2000 ku UK.
Kenako "okhala ndi mwayi" okhala m'mudzi wamphepete mwa boma la Norfolk. Mnyamata wina wazaka 60, dzina lake Fred Hodkins, sanakhulupirire kuti: “Nsombayo inagwa kuchokera kumwamba. Munda wanga wonse unali ndi nsomba. Nsomba zonse zimawoneka "zatsopano", ngati kuti "zichoka" kunyanja. " Malinga ndi British Bureau of Meteorology, masiku angapo izi zisanachitike
Zodabwitsa zachilendo ku North Sea zinali zamkuntho zamkuntho.
Zikuoneka kuti ndi amene 'adagwira' nsomba munyanja, kenako 'kupereka mphoto' kwa anthu am'mudzimo pogwira.
Panalinso zochitika pamene champhepo chamadzi chimayamwa madzi nthawi yomweyo kuchokera kumtsinje, kotero kuti pansi pomwe panali madzi okumbika pansi kapena madzi am'nyanja, limodzi ndi nsomba zambiri za jellyfish.
Ndipo mu 1888, ku Texas, panthawi yamkuntho, matalala akulu ngati dzira la nkhuku adagwa. Anayenda kwa mphindi eyiti zokha, koma munthawi imeneyi anaphimba chigwa
wosanjikiza ma ice pellets a mita awiri.
Koma asayansi sangathe "kutsutsa" chifukwa chilichonse chovala cholakwika. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nthawi zina ma frotskis amapezeka nyengo yokhazikika komanso kopanda zovuta zamkuntho. Koma chofunikira kwambiri ndichakuti mvula sizisankha mwanzeru "zokutira". Chikwangwani chimataya chilichonse chomwe chimalowa mu thunthu lake, ndikuyang'ana mumlengalenga kukhala nsomba, achule kuti
achule, algae kuti algae, etc. Nawa ena mwa milandu.
Pa Okutobala 24, 1987, manyuzipepala aku Britain a Daily Mirror ndi Daily Star adasindikiza lipoti loti achule achilendo atsekula mumzinda wa Stroud. Anthu masauzande osauka anagwera m'mbali mwa msewu ndikuyesa kubisala m'mitsinje ndi m'minda. Masabata awiri izi zisanachitike izi, achule a pinki ofanana ndi mafotokozedwe ambiri
Awa ma amphibians adawunika ndi a Ian Darling wachilengedwe, omwe adawanyamula kupita nawo ku fuko la albino, kuti awone kuti mtundu wawo wodabwitsa wa pinki udabwera chifukwa cha mitsempha yamagazi yaying'ono yomwe idawoneka kudzera pakhungu lotuwa.
Milandu ngati imeneyi siachilendo.
Mu 1954, ku bwalo lina ku Birmingham Sutton Caulfield Park, mvula yamvula inagwera ogula pamvula wamba.
Chule masentimita atatu kutalika.
Anakwera maambulera ndipo anali kuwonekera kulikonse mlengalenga, ndi pansi,
ndi malo 50 m2, idakutidwa ndi kapeti ka anthu amoyo owopsa.
Ndipo mu 1969, mtolankhani Veronica Papworth, wodziwika ku England, adakhala m'modzi mwa anthu "owona" omwe adagwa mvula yamvula kuchokera ku achule masauzande ambiri omwe adagunda tawuni ya Peny ku Buckinghamshire.
Patadutsa zaka khumi, mayi wina wa ku England, Mayi Vida McVilliam waku Bedford, adalowa m'mundamo mvula yamphamvu, pomwe ngakhale nthambi zinagwedezeka, adapeza kuti dziko lapansi lidakutidwa ndi achule ang'ono obiriwira komanso akuda, komanso m'mitengo
tchire linapachika zingwe za mazira awo.
Chifukwa chiyani ma achule nthawi zambiri kuposa momwe zinthu zina zakugwa kuchokera kumwamba sizimvetsetseka. Mu malo achiwiri ndi nsomba. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa kusowa kwa nsomba kuyambira mu 1859.
Kenako "nsomba" yamvula inachitika ku Wales, mumzinda wa Glamorgan, komwe "nsomba "yo inali pamalo omwe ali ofanana ndi makhoti atatu a tennis. Malo owedza nsomba anali kudziwika pafupifupi kulikonse padziko lapansi.
Chifukwa chake, patsiku lowoneka bwino, lotentha la Meyi mu 1956, amoyo adagwa kuchokera kumwamba pafamu ku Chalatchi (Alabama)
Anthu omwe adaziwona zodabwitsa izi akuti adagwa "ngati kuti palibe." Poyamba idayikidwa pamtunda waung'ono, pafupi mamiliyoni awiri lalikulu, kenako mtambo wakuda bii udayera pang'ono ndipo mitundu itatu idagwa kuchokera pamenepo
nsomba - catfish, nsomba ndi bream.
Popeza nsombayi inali yamoyo komanso ikuwuluka, zikuwonekeratu kuti sanakhale nthawi yayitali kwambiri kuthambo, zomwe sizinganenedwe za kuwonongeka kwa nsomba, yomwe, malinga ndi anthu omwe adaziwona, idakhala mphindi 15.
Ngakhale nsomba zonse zinali zamtundu wakomweko ndipo nsomba yomwe idadzaza nawo idali mayendedwe awiri kuchokera pafamuyo, komabe, padalibe mvula zamkuntho kapena mphepo yamkuntho kwa milungu yambiri, kotero sizikudziwikiratu momwe adakwera kumwamba ndikukhala
anasamukira patali.
Pakhala milandu yofananira ina ku United States zaka zana zapitazo (Boston, Massachusetts, Thomasville, Alabama, Witchita, Kansas).
M'mawa wa Disembala 19, 1984, nsomba zambiri modabwitsa zidagwera ku Santa Monica (msewu waulere pafupi ndi Cranshaw Boulevard ku Los Angeles), ndikupanga ngozi mwanjira.
Chaka chotsatira, nsomba zambiri zidagwa kuchokera kumwamba kuseri kwa nyumba ya Luis Kastorino ku Fort Bort, yemwe pambuyo pake adavomereza kuti amawopa kwambiri zomwe zimachitika, chifukwa
ndimakhulupilira za mphamvu zake zauzimu.
Maofesi a nsomba ndi odziwika bwino m'maiko ena, monga India ndi Australia, kuti manyuzipepala amderali adatsala pang'ono kusiya kutumiza za iwo patsamba lawo.
Katswiri wina wazachilengedwe waku Australia, Gilbert Whitley, adatulutsa mndandanda wamadzi makumi asanu asodzi padziko lonse la chisanu ndi chimodzi mu 1972 chokha.
Unaphatikizaponso mathithi owuma a Cressy, Victoria, shrimp pafupi ndi singleton, New South Wales, malo owoneka bwino ku Highfield, Victoria, ndi madzi oyera osadziwika
mitundu yomwe imagunda madera a Brisbane.
Ngakhale kuti ziwonetsero zotere ku Britain sizachilendo, mauthenga angapo onena za iwo akhoza kupezekabe.
Mu Ogasiti 1914 adawona momwe zovuta zidagwera m'dera la Hendon ku Sunderland, ndipo m'mwezi womwewo wa 1948, a Mr. Ian Reti aku Hayling Island, Hampshire, adayamba kusamba kuchokera pa cholembera pomwe amapita kukasewera gofu. Pakati pa crustaceans, nthawi ndi nthawi akugwera mayiko aku Britain, amapezeka nthawi zambiri
Ngakhale salamanders sapezeka ku North Dakota, koma mu Okutobala 1949 kumeneko
Mvula inagwa kuchokera ku salamander, mpaka kukula kwa masentimita khumi.
Ndipo akuluakulu ku Japan adavutikanso kufotokoza momwe zimakhalira m'mawa m'mphepete mwa Senzumar (Oshima) mtembo wa njovu ya miyezi isanu. Kafukufuku wosamalitsa adakhazikitsa kuti akukwera ndege
panali njovu zakufa, ndipo kutayika kwawo sikunapezeke kumalo osungira nyama ku Japan.
Koma zinali zosasangalatsa kwambiri kumva mvula yamagazi ndi nyama. Koma izi ndizomwe zidachitika: matani a nyama zakuda zakuda adagwera pafamu ku California pa Ogasiti 9, 1869. Iwo omwe amaphunzira zinthu izi amadziwikanso bwino ndi lipoti la nyama yonyamula yonse (kumene, popanda ngolo) itabalalika kudutsa mapiri a Wat, Kentucky, Marichi 3
Nkhani zambirizi ndi zina zambiri zafotokozedwa mu The Book of the Damned, lofalitsidwa ndi wasayansi waku America a Charles Hoi Fort, yemwe anali wokonda kwambiri komanso wosatopetsa zochitika zamantha. Pa moyo wake waufupi, watenga mazana a malipoti okhudza izi
zinthu zomwe zinachitika theka lachiwiri la XIX - koyambirira kwa zaka za XX.
Kodi zoterezi zitha kufotokozedwa ndi china chilichonse kupatula zifukwa zauzimu? Ena amakhulupirira kuti nzotheka. Amakhulupilira kwambiri akatswiri azakuthambo kuti popeza kuwombera nsomba sikungathenso kuganiziridwa ngati maloto, kufotokozera kwa iwo sikuyenera
kukhala wochokera kudera lamalamulo.
Koma nkovuta kulingalira momwe ma vortices kapena mphepo zimasinthira nsomba mwa mitundu, ikusankha kusamutsa imodzi ndikukana inayo.
Ndipo chifukwa chiyani palibe china chomwe chimasemphana ndi nsomba - mchenga, mwachitsanzo, kapena algae? Anthu okhala kunyanja akayamba kuthira kuchokera kumtunda, palibe amene amawona mvula ya mchere isanachitike kapena pambuyo pawo, ndipo ngati malingaliro am'madzi amatha "kupitilira" zowonetsera zamtundu wokhala pafupi ndi gombe, sizitha kuthana ndi zovuta zikagwa "mvula" yakuya Mitundu kapena mitundu yomwe imakonda kukhala kutali
Koma ngati nsomba ndi achule zitha kumangidwa mwa sayansi, ndiye munthu angafotokoze bwanji mlanduwu pa Novembala 25, 1961 mu
Eli-zbetton (Tennessee) toni ya pulasitiki toni idagwa kuchokera kumwamba (zindikirani kuti kunalibe ndege pafupi). Makilogalamu mazana ambiri a pulasitiki adaphimba minda yonse yoyandikana nayo.
Wachiwiri kwa Sheriff Paul Nidiffer adati chinsalu chachikulu chowonekera sichinapangidwe kapena
kuyambira, osati kumapeto, kuti athe kupezeka.
Iyeyo komanso anthu omwe anali naye sanapeze zolemba kapena zolembedwa. Bungwe la Knokovilla Federal Air Agency silinawonjezerepo kanthu pothana ndi vutoli, ndipo alimi othandiza, podula zidutswa, adagwiritsa ntchito filimuyi kuphimba malo okhala ndi mabedi okhala ndi zotumphukira za fodya. Ndipo February 19, 1965 ku Bloomsbury (PA) kunagwa mvula kuchokera pulasitiki yaying'ono
imaletsa kukula kwa batani pa malaya.
Nthawi zambiri ankanena kugwa kodabwitsa kochokera kumwamba kwamitambo yayikulu, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayesedwa ndi mapiko a ndegeyo.
Pamtunda wambiri pamtunda wa fuselage, chinyontho chimayamba kugwa kenako ndikugwa pomwe ndegeyo imalowa mlengalenga ofunda.
Pakhalapoapo pamene mankhwala ophera tizilomboto amatayika ndikuchotsera zimbudzi ndi kuwundana motere. Komabe, sikuti magayala onse omwe anali ndi zotaya, koma
ambiri adagwa pansi m'malo omwe anali kutali ndi ma airways.
Ndipo kupatula apo, tidamva za kugwa kwa zotchinga ice ngakhale ndege sizinapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, pa Ogasiti 14, 1849, nyuzipepala ya The Times inafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane kuchuluka kwa madzi oundana olemera kuposa theka la tani pamalo otsetsereka pafupi ndi Horde pachilumba cha Skye ku Scotland. Nyumba yomwe idagunda chipolopolo idagwa posakhalitsa
chifukwa cha ... chimwala chimodzi chimvula chokha.
Kafukufukuyu adawonetsa kuti chinali chowonekera kwathunthu ndipo chinali ndi makhiristo a rhomboid kuchokera 1 mpaka 3 inches.
Kuyesa kwina kunapeza kuti ayezi adapangidwa kuchokera kumnyontho wamtambo, koma zoyesa zomwe zidapangidwa mu labotale sizimatha kukumbukiranso chilichonse chodabwitsa kwambiri
kapangidwe ka galasi lamadzi oundana.
Lingaliro lina, lomwe likusonyeza kuti madzi oundana ambiri akuchokera kumwamba kopanda mitambo, angachokere kumene, ndiye kuti, mwa kunena kwina, kukhala ma meteorite, sizowoneka bwino.
Koma m'modzi mwa akatswiri ku Drekel Institute adati: "Ndikulankhula motsimikiza kuti madzi oundana awa sangakhalepo kuchokera munthawi ya nyengo.
Ma processor a Atmospheric sangathe kupanga kapena kugwirizanitsa madzi oundana, makamaka nyengo nyengo
Adanenedwanso ndi Pulofesa Rene kuchokera ku Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Research ku University of Colorado:
“Chiphunzitso cha zanyengo chiribe zifukwa zokwanira. Ngakhale akatswiri ena a zakuthambo amazindikira kuti kuli nyenyezi kuchokera ku ayezi, ndizokayikitsa kuti miyala yotereyi imatha kukhalabe ndi kutentha kwambiri pakhomo lolowera
Mwambiri, poganizira izi pamwambapa, nkovuta kwambiri kufotokozera zinthu zachinsinsi izi pazifukwa zilizonse zachilengedwe. Nthawi zina ngakhale lingaliro lamisala limabwera: kodi sikukuchenjeza kwa nthabwala inayake wachilengedwe? Zowonadi, m'maiko onse apadziko lapansi mipira ya chitho imagwera anthu, maloko oonda a "tsitsi la angelo", chodabwitsa
zingwe za chingwe. Ambiri aiwo ali ndi chinthu chofanana.
Monga momwe Ivan Sanderson adanenera mu Epulesi 1969 ya Pursiot (magazini ya Society for the Study of thexpxpable), "zinthu zonse ziwiri (nsomba, achule) ndi zinthu zopanda moyo (zifanizo, ndalama) ndizinthu zapadziko lapansi. Zonsezi ndizomwe zidatumizidwa, kuwonetseredwa ndi mphamvu zomwe sitizidziwa, kusunthira mumlengalenga ndi ...
Kuphatikiza pa kugwa kuchokera kuthambo, pali mvula zokongola. Tsopano akatswiri ambiri amafotokozera izi pochita ntchito zamaofesi ndi zinthu zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito, komanso kuchuluka kwazomwe zimatulutsa zinthu mumlengalenga. Koma zowonongera zowonazi zakhala zikuchitika m'mbiri ya anthu mobwerezabwereza, komanso
pafupi kwambiri nafe.
Ngakhale wolemba mbiri wakale wakale wachi Greek komanso wolemba Plutarch adalankhula za mvula yamagazi yomwe idagwa pambuyo pa nkhondo zazikulu ndi mafuko aku Germany. Adali otsimikiza kuti mafinya amwazi ochokera kunkhondo adalowa mumlengalenga ndipo
madontho wamba amadzi amtundu wofiira wamagazi.
Kuchokera pa mbiri yakale ina, mutha kudziwa kuti mu 582 mvula yamagazi idagwa ku Paris. “Kwa anthu ambiri, kavalidweko kanadetsedwa ndi magazi,” analemba motero, “kotero kuti anasiya konyansa.” Ndipo zina zotero ... mpaka makumi atatu omaliza omwe adagwa m'zaka zana lomaliza, pomwe ali kale
palibe amene anali wamantha.
Mvula yofiira ku Sri Lanka
Mvula yomwe amati ndi "utoto" imakhalanso chifukwa cha mphepo zomwe zimakweza fumbi lalikulu m'mlengalenga, mwachitsanzo ku Sahara, ndikuwatsanulira ndi mvula yofiira kwinakwake ku Europe, kapena mathithi omwe amamwa madzi munyanja yayikulu ndi plankton. Ponena za mvula yamkaka, nthawi zambiri imakhala nayo
zikuchokera choko tinthu ndi dongo loyera.
Koma m'mudzi waku India wa Sangrampur, womwe uli pamtunda wa makilomita 60 kuchokera ku Calcutta, kunagwa mvula yamtendere yachikasu. Mitundu yake ndi madontho akalumikizana anachititsa mantha pakati pa anthu.
Poopa zotsatira za poizoni, adasinthidwa. Anadabwa kuti ofufuzawo adazindikira kuti dontho lomwe lidapezeketsa uchi lidapezamo uchi.
"Mvula" iyi idabweretsedwa ndi gulu lalikulu la njuchi zikuwuluka m'mudzi ndi wake
Asayansi apezanso tanthauzo la mvula yokongola, yomwe inawopsa anthu aku Kerala ku India. Koma choyambirira, kugwa kwamvula chikasu, zobiriwira komanso zakuda kudodometsa asayansi. Ndipo akuti zomwe zidayambitsa izi zidakhala phulusa laphala ndipo
Mchenga wa Sahara wobweretsedwa ndi chigawo chakumadzulo.
Komabe, kulungamitsidwa kwa lingaliro ili sikunali kokwanira, ndipo malingaliro anali okanidwa. Akatswiri kwa nthawi yayitali amaphunzira zitsanzo zamadzi amitundu yambiri, modabwitsa otayidwa kuchokera kumwamba, ndipo adazindikira kuti meteorite ndi amene amayambitsa mlandu. Zinapezeka kuti patatsala pang'ono kuti meteorite pang'ono alowe mu chilengedwe cha Earth, koma kukula kwake kunali kochepa,
chifukwa chake, thupi lakumwamba lidatenthedwa ndikugawana zidutswa zazing'onoting'ono.
Chifukwa chake kufotokozera kwamvula yautoto kumapezeka. Koma matanthauzidwe athunthu a ma frotskis, kuyambira nkhani yamubaibulo ya "mana ochokera kumwamba", akadalipo
Bonasi: Kukongola kochititsa chidwi kwa asayansi osavomerezeka
Ngakhale m'mene asayansi akutukuka kumene, thambo silileka kudabwitsa anthu. Chifukwa chake, m'modzi wa asayansi adayika kanema wamtundu wamtundu wa asperatus womwe sunachitike, womwe unangowonekera m'zaka za zana la 21. Mwina kanema wosangalatsa uyu athandizira kuwunikira pazinthu zachilengedwe monga Asperatus?
Kodi mumakonda nkhaniyo? Kenako tithandizireni kanikiza:
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