Takulandirani patsamba 404! Muli pano chifukwa mudalowa adilesi ya tsamba lomwe kulibenso kapena komwe kwasunthidwa ku adilesi ina.
Tsamba lomwe mwapempha mwina lisunthidwa kapena kuchotsedwa. Ndizothekanso kuti mwapanga typo yaying'ono mukalowa adilesi - izi zimachitika ngakhale nafe, kotero fufuzani mosamala.
Chonde gwiritsani ntchito njira yosakira kapena yosakira kuti mupeze zambiri zomwe mukufuna. Ngati muli ndi mafunso, lembani kwa oyang'anira.
19.06.2019
Mbawala ya mbawala kapena gerenuk (lat. Litocranius walleri) imasiyana ndi nthito zina zaku Africa pakakhala khosi lalitali komanso miyendo yayitali. Amamupatsa fanizo lofanana ndi tchire. Nyamayi idadziwika kwambiri ndi anthu a ku Egypt wakale, monga zikuwonekera ndi zomwe zapezeka m'manda a afara ndi chifanizo chake.
Artiodactyl uyu adazolowera moyo wamalo omwe madera osowa okha ndiwo amakhala chakudya chokha panthawi yachilala. Kuti ifike masamba akukula pamwamba, idaphunzira kuyimirira ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndikutambasuka momwe ingathere mbali yoyang'ana mbali. Kukhala m'malo otere kwa nthawi yayitali kumamuthandiza kupangika kwa msana.
Mtunduwu udafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1880 ndi wolemba zachilengedwe wa ku Austrian Franz Friedrich Kohl.
Kugawa
Malo okhala ali ku East Africa. Imafalikira kuchokera kumwera kwa Ethiopia kudzera ku Somalia ndi Kenya mpaka kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Tanzania.
Tizilombo ta Mbira timakhala m'malo ouma, kuphatikizapo ma sevannah okhala ndi zitsamba zaminga, tchire, nkhalango zowala ndi zipululu. M'mbuyomu, nyama zinkakhalanso kudera la Sudan ndi Egypt.
Pali ma subspecies awiri. Mabungwe osankhidwa ndi awa ali ponseponse ku Tanzania ndi Kenya; malire kumpoto kwa madera ake amathanso m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya Jubba ndi Weby-Shabelle. Malonda a Litocranius walleri sclateri amapezeka ku Somalia, Ethiopia ndi Djibouti.
Gerenuk amakhala makamaka kumadera otsika, koma amawonedwa pamitunda mpaka 1600 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Chiwerengero chonse chikuyerekezedwa ndi anthu 70,000. Anthu ambiri amakhala ku Ethiopia.
Khalidwe
Ngulu ya mbawala imakhala ndi moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Kudyetsa kumachitika m'mawa ndi masana. Masana, nyamayo imapumula, ikabisala dzuwa lotentha mumthunzi wa mitengo ndi zitsamba. Akazi amathera nthawi yambiri kufunafuna chakudya kuposa amuna.
Mahatchiwa amapeza chinyezi chomwe amafunikira kuchokera ku chakudya. Nthawi zambiri amapita kuphando lokuthirira pokhapokha ngati madzi ali pafupi ndi malo odyetserako madzi.
Gerenuki amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a 2-6 amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. M'magulu achikazi, nyama zazing'ono zimatsalira mpaka kutha. Amuna ena amakonda kukhala hermits.
Pofuna kupulumutsa mphamvu, mbawala za mbewa zamphira zimakana kuthana ndi vuto lalikulu komanso kusintha kwa nthawi yayitali.
Gulu lirilonse lili ndi nyumba yake yolowa kilomita masentimita 3-6, yomwe nthawi zambiri imadutsana ndi malo a eni. Malire ake amadziwika ndi chinsinsi cha glands pitalbital. Ukalamba wa anelowo ukamakula, nthawi zambiri umangopitilira tsamba lawo.
Pangozi pang'ono, a Herenuk amabisala mu udzu kapena zitsamba ndi maondo. Mtundu wa Camouflage umapangitsa kuti azidana ndi adani. Adani akuluakulu achilengedwe ndi nyalugwe, mikango, nyalugwe ndi fisi. Makanda obadwa kumene amakonda kugwidwa ndi mbalame zodyedwa.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Chakudyacho chimangokhala chakudya cha mbewu zokha. Kapangidwe kabwino kamathandiza kuti anthambo ziziyimilira miyendo yawo yakumbuyo ndikufika, chifukwa cha makosi awo ataliitali, kumata nthambi zokhala ndi masamba obiriwira kutalika kwake kupitirira mamitala 2. Zimatsuka masamba kuchokera kunthambi mothandizidwa ndi milomo ndi lilime losakhazikika.
Mphukira zazing'ono, maluwa ndi zipatso zakupsa zimadyanso zimpira za twiga. Zakudya zawo zimaphatikizapo mitundu 85 yazomera. Amakonda masamba a mthethe wakuda (Senegalia mellifera).
Kuswana
Mwa akazi, kutha msambo kumachitika pazaka chimodzi, ndipo mwa amuna ali ndi miyezi 18. Kukalamba kumachitika chaka chonse. Akazi okonzekera kubereka amatulutsa ma pheromones omwe amakopa amuna.
Nkhondo zolimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa amuna omwe sagawana akazi omwewo, zomwe zimatha kuwononga kwambiri onse mpikisano. Panthawi yankhondo, opandaponda nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza njira zomwe adani amadyera ndipo amakhala chida chawo chophweka.
Mimba imatenga masiku 195-210. Wamkazi amabweretsa kamwana kamodzi kolemera pafupifupi 3 kg.
Nthawi zambiri kubereka kumachitika m'nkhalango za zitsamba zaminga. Maola ochepa atabadwa, mwana amatha kutsatira amayi ake.
Akazi amakhala ndi iye pafupifupi miyezi 10-12, ndipo amuna 14 miyezi. Ana akuwonekera, monga ulamuliro, kamodzi zaka ziwiri.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa thupilo ndi masentimita 140-155, mchirawo ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 35. Kutalika kwa kufota ndi masentimita 95 mpaka 60. Kulemera ndi 30-60 kg. Akazi ndi ocheperako komanso opepuka kuposa amuna. Mtundu wakumbuyo wakale ndi woderako. Chovala pozungulira maso, pamimba ndi gawo la chifuwa ndi choyera.
Ubweya kumbuyo kwake ndi wakuda kuposa mbali. Imakhala yochepa komanso yosalala. Pali m'mimba mwake mumdima wakuda. Miyendo ndi khosi ndizitali kwambiri. Mutu uli ndi mawonekedwe owumbika pang'ono. Kuchokera pamaso mpaka pamphuno kumatambasulira chingwe chakuda.
Amphongo ali ndi nyanga zolumikizira kutsogolo monga cholembeka chofanana ndi chilembo Chachilatini S. Pansi pa nyanga, ubweya ndi wofiirira.
Kuthengo, chiyembekezo cha moyo nthawi zambiri chimaposa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu. Ali ku ukapolo, girafi wa mbawala amakhala zaka 13.