Tsoka ilo, nsomba za nsomba zagalasi zimadziwika ndi ochepa ochepa am'madzi, chifukwa mtunduwu ndi wosowa komanso wachilendo. Padziko lapansi, imapezeka pansi pa mayina a chang-level, Indian perch, ndi nsomba zamagalasi. Kuchititsa chidwi kwa phenotype ndi maonekedwe ake: khungu la phula ndilopanda utoto, chifukwa mumatha kuwona ziwalo zamkati ndi mafupa.
Kufotokozera ndi kufotokoza kwake
Pakutchire, galasi lozungulira limakhala m'madzi a India, Pakistan, ndi Malaysia. Thupi la phenotype ndi mawonekedwe a rhomboid, oseketsedwa pang'ono kumbali. Pamphumi ndi pang'onopang'ono, nsagwada ya m'munsi imang'ambika pang'ono, ndipo ndalamazo zimapangika. Kunyumba, nsomba zimakula mpaka 8 cm. Jenda ya changi imatsimikizika ndi mawonekedwe awo: Amuna ndi owala ndipo ali ndi chowongolera cha mpweya, koma chachikazi chimawoneka chocheperako komanso chopepuka.
Chodziwika ndi nsombayi ndi khungu lowonekera - chodabwitsa chomwe chimapangitsa kuti kusintha kwa mtundu kusamve. Mu phenotype, mutu wokha, m'mimba ndi zipsepu ndizojambula, mbali zotsala za thupi ndizosinthika kotero kuti mafupa ndi ziwalo zamkati zimawonekera.
Komabe, zopindika zamagalasi zopaka utoto wosiyanasiyana wowala zimakonda kupezeka pamsika waulere. Mosakayikira, nsomba za ku India zopaka utoto wofiirira kapena wowoneka ngati poizoni zimawoneka zokongola komanso zowoneka bwino, koma mtunduwu sugwirizana ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe a nsomba. Chinsinsi cha ma phenotypes amtundu wa mandala ndi chakuti nsomba zomwe zimapangidwa m'mafamu ndizopakidwa ndi zinthu zapoizoni pogwiritsa ntchito singano. Njirayi ndi yopweteka komanso yowopsa thanzi la ziweto, chifukwa chake, ku maiko aku Europe, kugulitsa kwa galasi lautoto kunali koletsedwa, zomwe ndizoyenera. Chowonadi ndi chakuti nsomba zikajambulidwa, nthawi ya moyo wake imachepetsedwa kukhala miyezi 2-3 chifukwa cha kuwopsa kwa penti, pomwe ma galasi amtundu wamtundu wamtchire amakhala zaka zitatu.
Chosangalatsa: changi chambiri chizolowera mwini wake, ndikumudziwa, akusambira pafupi ndi khoma la thankiyo.
Mafuta a galasi la nsomba la Aquarium ndi sukulu, ndipo amamva bwino akakhala ndi abale, chifukwa amakhala ndi anthu 6-12. Izi ndizofunikira, chifukwa ndi anthu ochepa osungirako, nsombazo zimakumana ndi zovuta komanso kusatetezeka, zimabisala mosalekeza komanso kuzimiririka. Kuti mukhale ndi ziweto khumi ndi ziwiri, dziwe lama lita 110 likufunika. Madzi a mu thankiyo ayenera kukhazikika, chifukwa nsomba sizikomera madzi atsopano.
Mukamagula malo osintha ma aquarium, muyenera kudziwa momwe madzi omwe amapezeka mu phenotypes anali. Ziphuphu zamagalasi zimatha kukhala ndi zakumwa zamchere komanso zatsopano, koma kuphatikiza kungafunike. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mu sitolo ya nsomba ikasungidwa m'madzi amchere, ndipo mwini wakeyo ali ndi thanki yamadzi abwino, ndiye kuti pang'onopang'ono timatha.
Pali njira ziwiri zokuthandizani:
- Kuchoka pa thanki yamchere kupita pamadzi oyera,
- kusamutsidwa kuchokera kumadzi atsopano kupita kumchere wamchere.
Kuti musunge nsomba, munthuyu amaikidwa mu thanki yokhala payokha, pang'onopang'ono ndikusintha 15% ya madziwo ndi madzi abwino kapena amchere, ndipo patatha milungu iwiri mlatho uzikhala wokonzeka kusuntha.
Magawo amadzi a thanki:
- acidity - 7-8.5 pH,
- kuuma - 8-20 dH,
- kutentha kwa madzi - 25-27C.
Kukonzanso kwamadzimadzi kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata, m'malo mwa 25% ya voliyumu. Gawo losalala limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dothi, driftwood, stumps, malo okhala ndi grottoes amayikidwa pansi. Masamba ndibwino kubzala chamoyo, kusankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazomera. Zowunikira zimayima, ndi kuwala.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Phula lagalasi ndi lochititsa chidwi, ndipo limadya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chakudya mosangalala. Komabe, akatswiri amati nthawi zina chakudya chouma ndi chomwe chimayambitsa kusabereka kwa changi paint, motero ndikofunika kupatsa ziweto kuti zikhale chakudya kapena mazira, mwachitsanzo:
Dyetsani nsomba kangapo patsiku, mupatse zakudya zazing'ono. Kudyetsa mopitilira muyeso kumayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kumayambitsa kukula kwa ma virus ndi algae owopsa padziwe, chifukwa chake zotsalazo za chakudya chodyedwa theka zimachotsedwa ku aquarium.
Kugwirizana
Phula ya India imakhala yodekha, yodziletsa, chifukwa chake imakhazikika m'matanki okhala ndi nsomba zamtendere komanso zazing'ono. Mu malo osungira atsopano, mtundu wa chang umakhala bwino ndi phenotypes monga:
Msuzi wam'madzi wokhala ndi mchere wamchere, nsomba yamagalasi imagwirizana bwino ndi ma cichlids, etroplus, njuchi zazing'ombe ndi zakumwa zakuda.
Kuswana
Mapira aku India amakula pambuyo pa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yoyambirira ya moyo. Mkazi amasiyanitsidwa ndi wamwamuna chifukwa cha izi:
- mwa anyamata, zipsepse ndi zamtambo kapena za imvi, mwa atsikana - zowonekera,
- kuwira kwa mpweya kumawonetsedwa mwa amuna, mwa akazi ndi kozungulira,
- mwa anyamata, miyeso zimapereka kuwala kwachikasu, palinso mikwingwirima yakuda yomwe palibe atsikana.
Atazindikira kuti ndi amuna kapena akazi, akatswiri am'madzi amadzala makolo angapo mtsogolo mu thanki yamadzi ofewa. Pansi pake amaterera ndi moss, matenthedwe amadzi mu thanki akuyenera kukhala 30C. Woyamba kukhazikitsa zazikazi, zomwe zimadyetsedwa chakudya chamoyo, pambuyo pake zimadzaza amuna. Patatha masiku anayi, tsambalo limayikira mazira, makolo ake atakungika kuti asadye ana awo. Masiku atatu pambuyo pake, mwachangu amabadwa, omwe amadyetsedwa ndi ma rotifers ndi diaptomus, ndipo pakatha milungu iwiri, ana amapatsidwa nauplii. Pazakudya zazing'onoting'ono zaku India, ndikofunikira kuti chakudyacho chimakhala chamoyo komanso chodzisunthira pawokha. Mwachangu amadyetsedwa kawiri patsiku.
Glass Indian perch ndi nsomba yamadzi yam'madzi yosasinthika, maonekedwe ake omwe amasangalatsa ndi chidwi ndi diso. Magulu a Changi ndi otchuka chifukwa chokhala modekha komanso athanzi labwino, kuti athe kusangalatsa mwini wakeyo kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mayendedwe okoma.
Momwe mungasiyanitsire pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi
Kugonana kwamunthu payekha kumatha kudziwika ndi mawonekedwe a kuwira kwa mpweya kuwonekera kudzera pakhungu la nsomba:
- mwa amuna ali ndi malo ochepa,
- zazikazi ndizokulungika.
Kuphatikiza apo, anyamata amakhala ndi mtundu wowala momwe angathere ndi nyama yowonekera. Makala a mamba akuchokera ku chikasu chobiriwira mpaka chikasu-lalanje.
Kumbali yake pali mikwingwirima 5 yosinthika, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mawanga akuda.
Atsikana amapaka utoto mochulukirapo ndipo ambiri amakhala ndi mamba azitsulo zasiliva.
Mwachilengedwe, nsomba zimakula mpaka 8 cm, koma mu aquarium zimangofika 5 cm.
Kusuntha. Chenjezo
Ogulitsa ambiri amatha chilichonse kugulitsa zinthu zosawoneka bwino. Kuti mupeze phindu, ali okonzeka kuchita zambiri, osasamala za thanzi komanso moyo wautali wa nsomba za m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, amalonda ena amadulira nyama kuti aziwapatsa mawonekedwe achilendo.
Ku Msika Wamagulu mumatha kuwona gawo lomwe lili ndi mzere wowoneka bwino kumbuyo ndi mbali zina za thupi. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu imasankhidwa ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe: chilengedwe chobiriwira, chofiirira, chofiyira kapena chofiirira kuchokera misozi. Kuwala bwino! Otsatira odziwa zambiri samatsogolera ku malonda awa, koma oyamba atha kugwidwa mosavuta.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti kupaka utoto uliwonse wa nsomba ndi njira yamaukadaulo komanso yochitira zinthu yolumikizidwa ndi kuboola khungu loonda ndi singano, ndipo kuphwanya lamulo lililonse la kukhulupirika kwamtunduwu kumasokoneza thanzi komanso chiweto, osatchulanso kuyambitsidwa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala m'thupi.
Pakapita nthawi, utoto umazirala ndikuchotsedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Nsomba zokongoletsedwa zotere sizikhala kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo m'malo mwa zaka 2-3 (moyo wabwinobwino masiku a aquarium), zimatha miyezi iwiri. Ngati simukufuna kuti kugula kusanduke kukhumudwitsidwa, musagule mafuta a galasi ya fuchsia. Ndipo kumbukirani kuti utoto uliwonse wachilengedwe umakhala wabwinoko kuposa wowoneka bwino.
Zoyenera kumangidwa
Chinanso chomwe sichingasinthidwe ndi chidutswa cha galasi ndi kusazindikira komanso mtendere. Amalekerera madzi atsopano kapena mchere pang'ono.
- malo okhala ndi madzi okwanira malita 50,
- ikuyenera kukhala 22-26 ° C,
- kuuma: 8-20ºN,
- acidity 6.5-8.0 pH.
Ngakhale nsomba imakhala m'madzi amchere, palibe chifukwa chowonjezera mchere m'madzi, chifukwa m'mibadwo yambiri yaukapolo, magalasi agalasi amatha kusintha madzi amoyo. Musanawonjezere mchere kumadzi, muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa momwe nsomba zimakhalira.
Chokhacho chomwe mitundu yamtunduwu imachita ndi chidwi ndikusintha kwamadzi. M'malo mwake sabata iliyonse ziyenera kuchitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a 10% a voliyumu.
Madzi azikhala okalamba, ndiye kuti, amakhazikika sabata limodzi. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kusamalira gawo lotsatira ndikusintha kwina kulikonse.
Kusanjidwa ndi kukathandizanso ndikofunikira. Kuthengo, zopindika zagalasi zimakonda magawo apakati komanso apamwamba amadzi, sangafune mdima ndi mdima m'nyumba yawo yatsopano. Chifukwa chake, kuwunikira kowonjezereka kwa aquarium sikudzakhala kopepuka.
Kukongoletsa kwa Aquarium kwa nsomba
Monga dothi, kutsindika za zachilengedwe zachilengedwe zokongola zagalasi, mchenga wamdima wakuda kapena miyala yoyala yosalala ndi miyala yotayira, miyala kapena nyumba zoikiratu zomwe anaikapo.
Palinso mbewu zambiri. Malo obiriwira obiriwira am'madzi amathandizira nsomba osati malo othawirako, komanso monga malo owonongera.
Ndipo pakuyenera kukhala ndi ngodya zambiri zotere, popeza nthawi ikukhwima, amuna, choyambirira, sankhani malo oti adzaikire mazira mtsogolo (nthawi zambiri uwu ndi chitsamba cha chomera chokhala ndi zipatso zazing'onoting'ono) ndikuchinjiriza mwachangu ku nkhondo ya amuna ena.
Ngati wamkazi agwera m'munda wamasomphenya, tsambalo limayamba kuvina, ndikumupempha kuthengo kuti liziphulika. Chiwerengero cha akazi ndi amuna omwe ali pakatipo akhale 1: 2.
Kudyetsa
Mavuto odyetsa sayenera kuuka, popeza phula limakhala lonyentchera. Mwachilengedwe, amadya chakudya chamoyo, koma mu aquarium imathanso kukhala yopanga. Komabe, khalani okonzeka kuti chakudya chotere chitha kubweretsa kusabereka kwa nsomba.
Kuti mupewe izi, yesani kupatsa chakudya chamoyo kapena chisanu. Nyamayo imakondwera kudya nsapato za m'magazi, opanga zitoliro, magalimoto kapena ma daphnia, ndipo sangakane kuzungulira ma cyclops. Chakudya chimayenera kuperekedwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono tsiku lonse, koma katatu pa sabata.
Zambiri
Nsomba zapadera zowonekera izi zimakhala ndi mayina angapo: galasi perch (Parambassis ranga), chang-level, galasi perch, komanso Indian galasi perch. Mwachilengedwe, imatha kupezeka m'madzi oyera a Pakistan, India, Southeast Asia ndi Malaysia. Kuphatikiza apo, ndi m'madzi akumwa, nsomba zodabwitsa izi zimakhala ndi moyo popanda mavuto.
Tsoka ilo, omwe amagulitsa m'masitolo azitsamba amangokumbukira kuti galasi la galasi limakhala m'madzi amchere ndipo limapereka chidziwitso kwa ogula. Pafupifupi aliyense sangakwanitse kugula nsomba zam'madzi, motero nsomba zodabwitsazi sizimaleredwa.
Potengera kukula kwake, mtundu wa chang ndi wa nsomba zokulirapo, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 8. Thupi limapanikizika kenako ndikuwonekeratu. Popanda kuyesetsa, mutha kuganizira za mafupa onse ndi mpweya wa nsomba. Koma mutu wake ndi m'mimba zake ndi zotupa. Kumbuyo kwa nsomba kukongoletsedwa ndi ndalama yayikulu kwambiri. Ndi anal ndi ziphuphu za caudal zosachepera.
Izi nsomba zimakhala mu paketi
Nsomba zimakonda kukhala m'gulu la anthu 10-12. Ndikofunikira kuti pansi pa malo osungira pakhale pogona pokwanira pomwe mungabisike pangozi. Zabwino kwa izi ndi miyala yoyala ndi miyala yayikulu.
Kugula chiweto
Pogula nsomba izi, ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti thupi lake limawonekera kwathunthu. Chowonadi ndi chakuti pogulitsa mungapezeke utoto wa galasi, koma utoto uwu siwachilengedwe. Ku Southeast Asia, kuli minda yonse yomwe nsomba zimapakidwa ndi kuyambitsa utoto wa luminescent mwa iwo ndi singano yayikulu. Pambuyo pamavuto opweteka awa, ma penti samakhala moyo wopitilira miyezi iwiri, mosiyana ndi anzawo omwe sanalembe nawo, omwe amakhala osangalala kwa zaka zitatu mpaka zinayi.
Zachidziwikire kuti, utoto wachikuda umakopa chidwi chochuluka, umawoneka bwino komanso wowoneka bwino kwambiri, koma mtengo wa zonsezi ndiwokwera kwambiri. Kuphatikizanso apo, utoto wa luminescent umakhala wotumbululuka komanso wosasinthika, kutaya kukopa kwake.
Ndipo akakhala ku Russia akugulitsabe kwathunthu ndi chang-level, ku Europe aletsa kale kugulitsa nsomba zopentedwa.
Mukamagula nsomba za ku India, muyenera kuyang'anira kusuntha kwa nsomba, kukhulupirika kwa zipsepse zake, kusakhalapo kwa kukula kwakutali ndi kuwonongeka pakhungu. Iyi ndi njira yokhayo yogulira chiweto chomwe chingasangalatse mwini wake ndikuwoneka bwino kwaoposa chaka chimodzi.
Pogula nsomba, pali mitundu ingapo
Kupanga malo abwino
Popeza ma aquarium perch akumva bwino pagulu la abale ake, ndikofunikira kuti mugule iwo ndi zigawo zisanu ndi chimodzi mpaka khumi ndi ziwiri. Pokhala gulu la nsomba, nsomba zimagwira ntchito zambiri osati zamanyazi.
Mukamagula nsomba, muyenera kufufuza nthawi zonse ndi wogulitsa momwe ziweto zimasungidwira - mwatsopano kapena mchere. Kusintha kwina kwa mtundu wa chang kumadalira izi. Pali njira ziwiri. kuphatikiza nsomba:
- Thirani kuchokera kumchere wamchere kukhala watsopano,
- kusuntha kuchokera kumadzi atsopano kupita kumchere.
Choyamba, nsomba ikagulidwa imakhazikitsidwa mu malo osungirako madzi amchere. Kwa masabata 1-2, 10-15% yamadzimadzi amadzimadzi tsiku ndi tsiku imakhala yatsopano. Chifukwa chake, pang'onopang'ono nsomba zimazolowera kukhala moyo watsopano.
Musaiwale za nuances of acclimatization
Ngati mu malo ogulitsira nsomba nsomba zimasungidwa m'madzi oyera, ndipo mwini watsopanoyo m'madzimo anali ndi madzi am'nyanja, musataye mtima. Oyambira amakhazikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati ali pasitolo. Kuti muzolowere zinthu zatsopano, supuni 1-2 zamchere zamchere zimasungunuka mu lita imodzi yamadzi. Ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku onjezerani njira yothetsera aquarium, pamiyala ya supuni 10 pa malita 100. Zimatenga pafupifupi milungu itatu kuti pakhale bwino. Kuti mupeze kuthamanga kwamadzi ena, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito hydrometer.
Kuti Indian perch imve bwino m'madzi am'madzi, muyenera kuyipangira mulingo woyenera:
- Madzi azikhala opanda mbali komanso ofewa (ph 7-8.5, gh 8-20).
- Kutentha kwambiri kwamadzi ndi 25-27 madigiri.
- Amoni ndi nitrite mu aquarium siziyenera kukhala.
- Kamodzi pa sabata, muyenera kusintha madzi pafupifupi 25% ndikuyeretsa komanso kusamalidwa bwino.
- Pansipa ya aquarium, ndikofunikira kuthira dothi labwino komanso losalala, kuyika zikwangwani zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ngati chogona nsomba. Pakuyika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zazitali komanso zotsika.
- Njira yabwino kwambiri yokhala ndi kusintha kwa mtundu wamisala ingakhale yopepuka, yopepuka.
Ngati mumatsatira mfundo izi, ndiye kuti nsomba zomwe zili m'madzimo zitha kukhala bwino. Sadzasowa pogona ndi kuda nkhawa, adzayamba kusambira kwambiri, kuwalola kuwona moyo wawo.
Oyandikana nawo abwino a nsomba zamagalasi
Popeza mudakhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri, muyenera kusamalira anansi a nsomba zokonda mtendere. Popeza mitengo yam'madzi ya India ndi yamanyazi kwambiri, muyenera kuganizira mofatsa za anthu am'madzi omwe mungawonjezerepo. Chachikulu ndikupewa kupatula nsomba zamtopola komanso zodyedwa. Monga zopambana anthu oyandikana nawo nyumba:
Amayanjana bwino kwambiri ndi galasi lamagalasi. Nsomba zonsezi zimakhala m'malo ake enieni am'madzi, zimagawidwa kumadzi onse. Kuphatikiza apo, sizingakhumudwitse galasi, ndikumakakamira kubisala nthawi zonse. Ndipo pankhani yazakudya, sangakhale ndi mikangano.
Goby amagwirizana bwino ndi nsomba
Kudyetsa Matenda Oyenera
Chiwopsezo cha Chang chimakhala chosasamala kwambiri pazakudya ndi zakudya. Kuthengo, amadya chakudya chokha. Mu aquarium, imatha kuzolowera zopanga.Ndikofunikira kufotokozera zomwe nsombazi zidadyetsedwa panthawi yogula, ndikulangizidwa kuti musasinthe zakudya zamagulu a ziweto panthawi yovomerezeka. Izi zimathandizira kuti nsomba zizisintha mwachangu. kumikhalidwe yatsopano.
Anthu onse oyandikana nawo nsomba amathanso kudya zinthu zowoneka bwino, koma kudya kumeneku kumatha kupangitsa kuti akhale osabereka kwa iye. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya chamoyo kapena chakutha podyetsa nsomba zowonekera. Perch amakonda kwambiri nyongolotsi zamwazi, chifuwa, kunyamula, daphnia, ma cyclops.
Ndikofunikira kukonza bwino zakudya zamafuta. Palibe chifukwa chomwe muyenera kuthana ndi ziweto zanu. Ndikofunikira kupatsa chakudya kangapo patsiku komanso zazing'ono. Ngakhalenso kufa ndi ziweto zanu. Mutha kudyetsa nsomba katatu pasabata.
Kuswana
Indian galasi mabass zipse ndi miyezi 4-6. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsanso kuweta nsomba nthawi yamvula - nthawi yoyambilira ya masika kapena nthawi yophukira, pomwe chakudya choyambirira chimayamba mwachangu ndi nauplii diaptomus. Kupanda kutero, padzakhala zovuta za kudyetsa ana. Palimtengo umodzi wa opanga kuchokera ku masentimita 50 amatengedwa, gulu likangokulika masentimita 80. Zomera kapena mapoto oyandama okhala ndi mbewu zazing'onoting'ono amaikidwa, ulusi wa perlon ulinso woyenera.
Kwa wamphongo mmodzi, akazi awiri amatengedwa. Miyezi iwiri 2-3 isanayambike kuswana, onjezani mchere kumadzi - supuni 1 pa malita 6. Amathandizanso kutentha ndi madigiri 2-3 ndikuwonjezera madzi abwino okhala. Kutulutsa kumachitika m'mawa, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuti nsomba zizipezeka ndi kuwala kwam'mawa. Nthawi zambiri amatembenukira pafupifupi mazira 200, omwe achikazi amawataya mu 6-10. Popewa caviar kuti asakhudzidwe ndi bowa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse yankho lofooka la methylene ya buluu mu aquarium. Caviar imalumikizidwa pamalo osiyanasiyana: mbewu, mabatani ndi zinthu zina. Opangawo amachotsedwera kumalo ena okhala m'madzi, ngakhale nsomba izi sizimakonda kuchita.
Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imakhala mpaka masiku 3-4, kenako mwachangu amawoneka, akukula mpaka 1.5 cm ndi miyezi itatu. Ana ake ndi opendedwa siliva, osungidwa m'gulu, koma gulu likamakula, limasweka. Pambuyo masiku 3-4, mwachangu amatha kudya ndiuplii diaptomus, ma rotifers ndi ma cyclops. Komabe, nsomba izi sizigwira ntchito kwambiri, kotero kudyetsa kumachitika m'magawo ang'onoang'ono tsiku lonse, kotero kuti mwachangu amatha kupeza chakudya mu aquarium.
Mukakula mwachangu, madzi amawonjezeredwa kukhala otsika ku aquarium, amawunikira mosalekeza. Simungasinthe boma la kutentha, chifukwa chiyani mwachangu amatha kufa. Ngati ndi kotheka, yeretsani thankiyo, mutha kuyang'ana mbali ya nyali, kuunikira komwe nsomba zimasonkhana ndikulola kuyeretsa kumbali ina ya aquarium.
Kufalitsa
Nsomba zamtundu wagalasi ndizofala ku Pakistan ndi India, ku Southeast Asia ndi Malaysia. Nthawi zambiri amakhala m'madzi abwino, omwe amapangidwa ndi mitsinje yawo yamapiri, m'malo okhala malo ambiri, koma nthawi zina amapezeka m'madzi opanda brack.
Pafupifupi mitsinje yonse komanso nyanja zonse za ku India, madziwo ndi ac acid komanso ofewa (dH kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 8 ndi pH kuchokera 5.5 mpaka 7), koma nthawi zambiri m'masitolo apadera amakhala ndi madzi okha. Mwinanso, chifukwa amateurs amayamba ma aquariums amadzi amchere nthawi zambiri kuposa ndi madzi oyera, nsomba zagalasi sizinalandilidwebe mdziko lathu.
Onani mawonekedwe
Nsomba zodabwitsazi zidadziwika ndi dzina chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo. Thupi lake limakhala lowonekera bwino kotero kuti mutha kuwona bwino mawonekedwe a mafupa ndi ziwalo zam'mimba. Izi zimatchulidwa makamaka mu achinyamata. Ndi zaka, amuna amakhala ndi mtundu wagolide wamtambo wokhala ndi malire owala amtambo m'mphepete mwa zipsepse. Chikhodzodzo ndikuchisintha, ndipo mwa akazi chimakhala ndi mtundu wa siliva, chimakhala chozungulira. Izi nsomba zimawoneka zowoneka bwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zakuda zam'madzi pakuwala.
Thupi la khondalo ndi lalitali, lopangidwa ndi diamondi pang'ono komanso lathyathyathya m'mbali. Mu nyama zamtchire, munthu amafika kukula kwa masentimita 7-8, pomwe zowerengera zapakhomo sizikula kuposa masentimita 5-6. Kutalika kwa "moyo wa aquarium" ndi pafupifupi zaka 5.
Pazitali za aquarium, ndibwino kuti musunge m'matumba a anthu 8-12 , chifukwa chifukwa chodzikongolera mokwanira, nsomba izi m'matumba zimamva bwino. Pamodzi ndi ma patch, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti timasule nsomba zamtundu womwewo zomwe sizili zankhanza mu aquarium. Gulu limodzi lifunika madzi okwanira malita zana. Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zowala mokwanira, pansi pa aquarium amayala ndi dothi lalikulu lamchenga.
Phula lagalasi limakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi aquarium yatsopano, motero imatha kumasulidwa kumalo osungira osapitilira masabata atatu magawo oyenera asanakhazikitsidwe. Kutentha kuyenera kukhala pakati pa madigiri 22-28, kuuma - 8-18, pH - 7.0-8.0, kusefera mwachangu ndi kukoka kwamadzi mwamphamvu ndikusintha kwamphamvu kwa zosaposa 1/10 pa sabata ndizofunikira.
Chiyambi
Indian galasi nsomba ili ponseponse ku India ndi Pakistan, Malaysia, komanso kumadera a Southeast Asia. Ambiri amakhala m'madzi atsopano, m'madzi opanda kanthu omwe amapangidwa ndi mitsinje yawo yoyenda mapiri, m'malo omwe kuli malo okhala, koma nthawi zina amapezeka m'madzi opanda brack. M'mitsinje yambiri ndi m'madzi ambiri ku India, madzi ndi ofewa komanso acidic (dH kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 8 ndi pH kuchokera 5.5 mpaka 7), koma m'masitolo ambiri nsomba zam'madziyi zidawonetsedwa molakwika kuti zimakhala m'madzi opanda brack. Popeza ma aquariam amchere amchere samakhala wamba kwa am'madzi kuposa atsopano, chang-level siofala.
Zoti nsomba izi zimafunikira madzi opanda pake ndi nthano chabe. Amakhala okongola m'madzi atsopano ndipo olimba kwambiri;
Kudyetsa ndi kudyetsa
Mwachilengedwe, amadya ma annelids, crustaceans ndi ma invertebrates ena.
Onse omwe atchulidwa kale m'madzi a nsomba zam'madzi azisangalala kudya chakudya chouma, koma nsomba zagalasi zimatha kukana chakudya chotere ndipo mufunika kuti mudye ndi chakudya champhamvu ndi chakuthwa: nyongolotsi, daphnia, Corpetra, artemia. Zitha kuti nthawi yayitali nsomba yanu itha kuphunzira kutenga zouma zouma, kapena kuti mwazolowera kale - ndibwino kumveketsa bwino nkhaniyi mukamagula.
Kodi ndingagule kuti?
Pakadali pano ku Ukraine ndikudziwa malo amodzi okha omwe mungagule nsomba zagalasi - sitolo ya pa intaneti "Nano nsomba".
Nsomba ya m'madzi yokongola yopanda utoto, koma yocheperako kunja yotchedwa Glass Perch (Changa ranga) imakhala ndi mnofu wowongoka mbali zake, ukulu wake ndi masentimita 3-5. Ngakhale mutu ndi m'mimba zili siliva, thupi lonse limakhala lachiwonekere, motero Mafupa ndi mafupa ena amawoneka.
Tamba yakuda imakhala ndi dorsal Fin fin, anal anal fin kumunsi ndi lalikulu-lobed caudal fin: zonse ndizowonekera. Nsomba imakhala ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira iris, makamaka kumadera a dorsal, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kokongola. Amuna ndi akazi achichepere ndi ofanana, koma akakula, amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala ochulukirapo. Zipsepse zawo zopangira ndi ma anal amapaka utoto wamtundu.
Mtundu wakuda wa India uli ponseponse, malo okhala amachokera ku India kupita ku Pakistan, komanso kumadera akumwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia. Wobadwa kumalo okhala madzi abwino, ngakhale nthawi zina amapezeka m'madzi opanda brack. Mitsinje ndi nyanja ku India nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa komanso acidic (DH 2 mpaka 8 ndi pH 5.5 mpaka 7.0). Nsomba zimasonkhana m'masukulu ndipo zimakonda malo abwino kwambiri okhala ndi zomera zomwe zimakhala.
Amadyetsa chakudya chochepa kwambiri monga crustaceans, mphutsi ndi mphutsi. Malawi agalasi nthawi zambiri amakhala m'tchire. Yambitsani masukulu ang'onoang'ono a nsomba zisanu ndi chimodzi kapena kupitirira apo, izi zimawapatsa chitetezo. Msodzi kapena banja limodzi lidzakhala lamanjenje ndikubisala. Nsomba zamtunduwu zimasungidwa bwino m'malo osungirako zinyama ndi zinthu zokhazikika kuposa zomwe zangotulutsidwa kumene.
Kudumphira mwachangu pa nkhaniyi
Moyo m'madzi oyera a m'madzi
Phula lagalasi la India litha kukhala m'matanthwe okwanira 100-litre, omwe ndi oyenera kusunga jamb (magulu) ochepa. Madzi azikhala pafupi ndi ndale, kapena zofewa (pH 7.0 ndi kuuma kuyambira 4 mpaka 6). Ngati phula limakhala m'madzi amchere mu malo ogulitsira, ndibwino kudzipatula kunyumba kuchokera ku nsomba zonse, kuyiyika mu thanki ina, ndikuisintha kukhala malo amchere kwa milungu iwiri.
Onani momwe zingakhale zachilendo kwambiri.
Gwiritsani ntchito zosefera zakunja za aquarium kuti muone ngati madzi akutuluka ndikuchepetsa zinyansi za nayitrogeni (monga ammonia ndi nitrate). Kusintha pafupipafupi kwamadzi kumathandizanso kuchotsa zosavulaza. Mutha kuyika mbewu zam'madzi zatsopano ku Southeast Asia, ndikukhazikitsa miyala yoyambira pansi pa thankiyo. Zomera zazitali zimabzalidwe kumbuyo ndi kumbuyo kwa nazale, ndi mitundu yochepa kutsogolo. Magawo amatha kulumikizana bwino, amapanga malo okhala kwa nsomba zam'munsi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti pakhale kuwala kwa zomerazi zomwe zimakhala ndi nyali za fluorescent zam'madzi;
Khalidwe
M'malo athu otseguka, akatswiri pazama nsomba amatcha mitundu iyi ya perch ducatovy. Ndipo onse chifukwa anthu ena ali ndi pafupifupi golide woyenga.
Potsukidwa, galasi lagalasi limatha kutalika masentimita 3-4 okha. Koma m'malo achilengedwe amakula mpaka 6 cm.
Mbali yotsatira ya thupi la nsomba imakulira kwambiri.
Mitengo yamagalasi ndi nsomba zokongola modabwitsa.
Malo okhala ndi galasi akhoza kukhala abwino komanso opanda magazi. Kunjaku, mitengo yamtunduwu nthawi zambiri imasungidwa m'malo okhala ndi madzi am'nyanja. Koma kupezeka kwa madzi am'nyanja sikofunikira. Zofunikira zazikulu zamadzi ndizowonekera komanso mawonekedwe opepuka a oxidation. Nsomba zamtunduwu sizikuvulaza nthaka ndi mbewu. Zambiri za galasi nsomba, kutentha kwa madzi mu aquarium kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa +16 + 25C. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, nsomba izi zimatha kupirira ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.
Zinthu zake
- Kwa nthawi yayitali, nsomba zimasungidwa m'malo a aquarium. Perch adakhala ndi "zovuta kusamalira", chifukwa ambiri amakhulupirira kuti banja ili lingasungidwe m'madzi amchere basi.
- Ngati tilingalira za moyo wachilengedwe, nsomba zimakhala m'masukulu. Chifukwa chake, mu aquarium iyenera kusungidwa momwemonso (kuchokera kwa anthu 8 ndi ena). Ndikofunikira kupatula malo oyandikana nawo, nsomba ndizosowa kwambiri.
- M'malo momwe ochepa mwa okongola awa amasungidwa, amabisala nthawi zonse. Asodzi amalephera kumva kuti ndi otetezeka akakhala pafupi ndi abale amtundu womwewo pafupi nawo.
- Musanagule ziweto zatsopano, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti ali ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri. Ziphuphu zimayenera kukhala zazikulu komanso osati kupanikizidwa. Musanagule, tchulani tsatanetsatane wa kudyetsa, ndikofunikira.
- Musanabweretse nsomba kunyumba yawo yatsopano, konzekerani ndikukonzekeretsa nsomba. Madzi amatenga gawo lalikulu, amatha kukhala atsopano kapena amchere. Nsomba zimakonda kuyimirira madzi, osati madzi atsopano.
- Ngati nsombazo zimasungidwa m'madzi amchere isanagulitsidwe, ndiye kuti kuwonjezererapo kuyenera kuchitika isanayambike nsomba mumadzi oyera. Pakupita masiku 10, sinthani mchere wamchere ndi 15%, kenako pang'onopang'ono ndikusintha nsomba kuti zikhale zatsopano.
- Lita imodzi imadalira malita 10. madzi. Gwiritsitsani zotsatirazi: kuuma - maunitsi 5, acidity - 7 magawo, kutentha - madigiri 26. Gwiritsani zosefera zakunja kwa dongosolo kuti muyeretse madzi kuchokera ku nitrites ndi ammonia.
- Gwiritsani zosefera kuti muyeretse, zimatengera zinyalala zambiri. Koma sabata iliyonse ngati chowonjezera, madzi okwanira gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madzi, kutsanulira watsopano.
- Ndikofunikira kupatsa nsomba ndi zomera. Zomera zazitali zimabzalidwa pambali ya nyumba, zazifupi pakatikati. Mwanjira imeneyi mumalola kuti nsomba ikhale yotetezeka komanso imapereka malo ambiri osambira.
- Monga zofunda sankhani nthaka yaying'ono-yaying'ono. M'pofunikanso kusamalira kukhalapo kwa malo obisalamo mwa mawonekedwe a grottoes, miphika ya dongo, mabowo. Pa kuyatsa, sankhani nyali ndi kuwala kosiyanitsidwa.
- Ngati panthawi yogula mudakuwuzani kuti mapichesi akukhala m'madzi amchere, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa nsomba mumadzimadzi womwewo zikafika kunyumba. Madzi sayenera kukonzedwa mwatsopano;
- Mpheto zikakhala m'madzi oyera m'sitolo, amafunika kupitilizidwa. Muyenera kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna mu masabata atatu. 10 malita muyenera kuwonjezera supuni yamchere yamchere.
- Mchere samatsanuliridwa nthawi yomweyo mu aquarium, koma usanaphatikizidwe ndi madzi. Njira yotsirizidwa imathiridwa mu nsomba. Pakatha milungu itatu, azolowere.
- Kuti mupeze molondola mphamvu inayake yokoka, ndikofunikira kuti mugwiritse ntchito hydrometer. Madzi amchere akangotuluka mu aquarium, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera madzi abwino. Palibe chifukwa chowonjezera mchere. Nthawi yomweyo, mphamvu ya malita 110 imawerengedwa kuti ndi voliyumu yabwino kwambiri yamadzi.
- Ganizirani, ngati mungakulitse mtchire m'madzi am'madzi, okhawo okhwima kwambiri sangakhale m'madzi amchere. Zodziwika bwino komanso zofala kwambiri ndizo ferns zaku Thai. Zitha kuphatikizidwa ndi miyala ndi mitundu yonse ya nkhono popanda mavuto.
- Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kukulitsa Javanese moss. Ganizirani, ngati mukufuna kusunga nsomba mumadzi amchere, kutentha kwa chilengedwe kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 25 digiri. Yesani kusungira izi. Yang'anirani mosamala momwe nsomba zilili.
Kugwirizana kwa Glass Bass
Phula lagalasi ndi nsomba yofatsa komanso yosayenda pang'onopang'ono, ndikwabwino kwambiri kuti izisungidwa m'malo otetezedwa amtundu wina, kapena nkoyenera kusankha oyandikana nawo kuti azikhala mofatsa komanso ofanana kukula. Zimagwirizana bwino ndi ma tetras, guppies, corridors. Mukamawasankhira chipinda chochezera, onetsetsani kuti amalekereranso mchere wamchere, kapena gwiritsani ntchito madzi abwino okha osawonjezera mchere.
Kanema: nsomba ya galasi la aquarium
Mmwenye galasi nsomba (Parambassis ranga) - membala wodziwika kwambiri wa banja la ku Asia magalasi agalasi (Ambassidae). Nsombazi zimalumikizidwa ndi thupi lalitali, lalifupi, lolemekezeka pambuyo pake.
M'mabuku ena, dzina lakale lautundu limapezekabe - Chanda ranga. Rod Handa wakhala akuti ndi wodziwika bwino ndipo amayimiriridwa ndi mtundu umodzi. Popita nthawi, mitundu ina yokhudzana kwambiri ndi nsomba ndi mitundu yawo yachilengedwe idapezeka, ndipo mtunduwo adadzatchedwa Parambassis. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu umaphatikizapo mitundu yoposa khumi ndi iwiri yokhala ndi thupi lowonekera bwino ndikukhala m'madzi opanda zitsulo ndi abwino ku East Africa ndi Southeast Asia.
Fish anali nalo dzina lodziwika poyera kuti minofu yamoyo ikuonekera, makamaka adakali aang'ono. Pogwiritsa ntchito matupi awo owoneka bwino, timatha kuwona bwino chigoba ndi chipolopolo chonyezimira chomwe chimaphimba ziwalo zamkati ndi zotulutsa. Kuonekera Kwa Choil galasi nsomba ndi mtundu wamisala womwe umabisa nsomba kwa omwe angadye.
Kupita ku Europe galasi nsomba Idayambitsidwa zaka zopitilira 100 zapitazo, mu 1905, ndipo patatha zaka zochepa idagawidwa mu aquarium. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake achilendo, galasi nsomba wotchuka ndi asodzi am'madzi.
Mu chilengedwe galasi nsomba Imakhala m'madzi opanda madzi okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya India ndi madzi osayenda kapena opanda madzi, monga minda ya mpunga, kuthilira ndi ngalande zamadzi, madzi abata, mapiri ang'onoang'ono ndi madamu ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi maluwa am'madzi. Konzani malo okhala ndi masamba okuta madzi, ndikupanga m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa nyanjayo nthawi yayitali ndikuphimba pansi pa chosungira ndi zinyalala zamasamba. Madzi m'malo osungira oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala oyera bwino ndipo amakhala ndi ma acid amchere.
Mu vivo magalasi agalasi amakula mpaka 7 cm mulitali, mu aquarium, monga lamulo, osapitilira 4 cm.
Kodi galasi looneka bwanji limawonekera?
Kuti minofu yachilengedwe ikhale yowonekera, kuunika kudutsa kuyenera kumamwaza pang'ono. Mwanjira ina, kuunika kocheperako kumakonzedwanso, kuwonetsedwa ndikuwazidwa ndikudutsa chinthu, kumawoneka bwino.
Mpaka pano, sichidadziwikebe momwe nsomba zimakhalira zowonekera.
Kulongosola kosavuta ndikutali kwa thupi lawo. Mphepo yofewa imatulutsa kuwala popanda kuipitsa kapena kufalitsa.
Posachedwa tengani zitsanzo zamankhwala zolozera zamtundu wa ma intracellular organelles (mitochondria ndi ribosomes), omwe ali ochepa kwambiri komanso omwazika kwambiri mu cytoplasm.
Mapangidwe ake a zigawo za intracellular ayenera, choyamba, kutsogoza kufanana kwa zolemba zawo zina zowonetsera, ndipo chachiwiri, kumalingana ndi index index ya chilengedwe, yomwe, pamapeto pake, imatsimikiza kuwonekera kwa minofu.
Magalasi agalasi , komanso nsomba zina zowoneka bwino, sizitha kukhala ndi maso owoneka bwino komanso m'mimba, chifukwa chake ziwalozi zimakutidwa ndi chipolopolo.
Aquarium posungira magalasi agalasi Anabzala ndi mitengo yaying'ono yotsika, ndikuiyika pakati pa snagi ndi miyala. Kumbuyo, ndikofunikira kuyika zitsamba zazitali zazitali monga kabomb, ambulia, wallisneria, ndi zina. Ngati zili bwino ngati dothi lomwe lili m'madzimo ndi lakuda, mchenga wowoneka bwino kapena miyala yabwino kwambiri.
Kapangidwe ka madzi magalasi agalasi Palibe zofunika zapadera, zizindikiro zake zazikulu zitha kukhala m'malo osiyanasiyana: pH 6.5-8.5 (makamaka osapitirira 7.5), kuuma kwathunthu 8-25 ° dGH (moyenera 10-12 °), kutentha kuchokera pa 20 mpaka 26 ° C (kuchulukitsa kwakanthawi kufikira 30 ° C ndikotheka). Kusintha, kukonzekera ndi kusintha sabata iliyonse kwa 1/3 ya madzi ndi atsopano kumafunikanso.
Ndipo chofunikira kwambiri sichizindikiritso zochulukirapo kuposa kukhazikika kwa magawo, chifukwa nsomba ndizosamala kutembenuka kwawo. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kukhazikitsa iwo mu aquarium yokhala ndi kukhazikika kwachilengedwe.
Kutengera zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa magalasi agalasi sikuti zimabweretsa mavuto kwa eni ake.
Magalasi agalasi - nsomba zophunzirira, motero ndikofunikira kuti azikhala ndi anthu osachepera 5-6 m'madzi am'madzi, ndipo ndibwino ngati ali achinyamata osaposa masentimita atatu. Kenako azisunga zonse, kuyandama pakati pa miyala ndi mbewu. Kukhazikika phukusi kokha ndi komwe kungathe kuwulula machitidwe awo ndi zokongoletsera.
Anthu omwe amakhala okha kapena m'magulu ang'onoang'ono amawopa, nthawi zonse amayesa kubisala ndikudya kwambiri.
Monga anansi magalasi agalasi nsomba iliyonse yaing'ono, yokonda mtendere izichita.
Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mu malo okhala ndi nsomba zambiri, mchitidwewo magalasi agalasi sichidzawonetsedwa kwathunthu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuwasunga mum akasinja oyenerera.
Mu aquarium magalasi agalasi nditha kukhala ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi.
Zakudya zagalasi
Ponena za chakudyacho, ndiye magalasi agalasi Popanda mavuto amatenga zakudya zamtundu uliwonse zokhala ndi moyo (magazi, daphnia, coretra) ndi anzawo oundana. Chapakatikati ndi chilimwe, sangakane tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Mavuto amatha kumangokhala ndi chakudya chouma, chomwe amavomereza kuti sichingachitike nthawi zonse osati nthawi zonse.
Magalasi agalasi - kugonana kwa dimorphism
Achikulire pakugonana magalasi agalasi kukhala ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, pofika nthawi imeneyi zithunzi zolaula zimawonekera bwino maonekedwe awo: Amuna amakhala ndi golide, ndipo akamadya, lalanje. Malire owoneka bwino a buluu amawoneka pamipuyo yopanda matayala. Kuyang'anitsitsa kumavumbula kuti chikhodzodzo chawo ndi chakuthwa kuposa cha akazi.
Akazi amaoneka otapira kuposa amphongo, ali ndi mtundu wa siliva wokhala ndi tchenga, amakhala ochulukirapo, ndipo mimba yawo imakhala yodzala pang'ono.
Habitat
Nsombazi ndizosavuta kuzisamalira. Ndikosavuta kwa iye kuti azikhala ndi moyo wabwino. Kuphatikiza ndi mawonekedwe akunja, izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotchuka pakati paokonda nsomba za mulingo uliwonse, kuchokera kwa akatswiri mpaka omwe sadziwa zambiri m'derali. Ponena za madzi, phula limayeneranso zonse zatsopano komanso zamchere pang'ono.
Onani zopingasa zam'madzi:
Zoyenera kusunga nsomba zizikhala motere:
Dothi la m'madzi momwe nsomba zimkhalamo limatha kukhala mchenga kapena miyala yamiyeso. Potengera maziko awa, kukongola kwachilengedwe kwa "galasi" ndizowoneka mochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Nsomba zimafunikira mbewu zambiri, miyala, matalala, mapanga ndi nyumba sizingasokoneze. Malo omwe mungabise, ndibwino. Pech ndiyosachita manyazi, ndipo iyenera kubisala.
Kuti muzisamalira nsomba moyenera, muyenera kukumbukira kuti nsomba zimakonda kwambiri kusintha komwe mumakhala, kotero madzi am'madzi asinthidwa moyenera. Pakusintha kwina kulikonse, palibe gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi amadzimadzi omwe ali mu aquarium omwe angasinthidwe. Potere, madzi abwino ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa sabata limodzi.
Ndikofunikanso kupereka ndalama komanso kusefera. Perch amakonda kuwala, motero muyenera kusamalira kuyatsa. Kuwala kwamadzulo sikungalepheretse konse. Ndikwabwino kuyika aquarium kotero kuti imayatsidwa ndi dzuwa lam'mawa.
Nsomba zowonekera - galasi
Monga tanena kale, gawo lalikulu la nsomba zagalasi ndikuwonekera kwawo. Nsombayo imakutidwa pakapita nthawi komanso kumtunda, thupi looneka ngati diamondi. Izi zimawonekera bwino kwambiri mwachangu; ndi zaka, kusintha kwachilendo kwachilendo.
Amuna ndi akazi ndi osiyana mitundu. Woyamba akadzakula amakhala lalanje wokhala ndi tint wagolide, akazi amsinkhu womwewo ndi siliva wokhala ndi tint wachitsulo. Tchire lamphongo litakonzeka kutuluka, malire akumtunda amawonekera m'mbali mwa zipsepse ndi zipsepse, ndipo madontho amawonekeranso pachikhodzodzo. Akazi ndi ozungulira, ambiri amati amawoneka osangalatsa kuposa abambo.
Glass aquarium nsomba: moyo
Poyambirira nsomba zowoneka bwino zochokera kudziko lakwawo, imakhala m'madzi abwino komanso osalala, imakhala momasuka m'matupi amadzi okhala ndi madzi osasunthika. Amakhala m'makola ali m'mitambo, samakonda kusungulumwa.
Kudera lathu, galasi nsomba. Nsomba za Aquarium, monga tafotokozera kale, sizimakonda kusungulumwa. Sonkhanitsani gulu la nkhonya za 10-12, palimodzi azimva bwino komanso odekha. Achinyamata amasambira mozungulira mozungulira pamadzi ndi kampani yonseyo, pomwe akuluakulu akufuna malo oti abereke. Atasankha malo oti adonerere, yamphongo imayamba kuwonetsa mpikisano ufulu wake wokhala nyumba. Mlendo akafika pagawo lokhalamo anthu, ndiye kuti zotsatirapo za kunyada kotereku kumakhala nkhondo. Monga lamulo, pankhondo zotere popanda zovulala. Madzi am'madzi sayenera kukhala osachepera malita 50, apo ayi nsomba zimatha kukhala ndi mavuto azaumoyo.
Glass perch kwenikweni siyikangana ndi oyandikana nawo mu aquarium, kotero nkhani yogawana imatha. Oyandikana nawo akuluakulu amatha kukhala ma carot eleotris, njuchi zamphongo, amphaka amphaka. Mukamasankha oyandikana nawo owoneka ngati amuna owoneka bwino, gwiritsitsani lamulo limodzi: osawonjezera kwambiri nsomba zankhanza.
Ndi zomwe zili m'madzi am'madzi a galasi, ngati oyandikana nawo sakusowa, sikofunikira kuwonjezera mchere. Zomwe zimachitika zimatha kukhala pang'ono acidic mpaka pang'ono zamchere. Kutentha kwamadzi mu aquarium ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti azisungidwa madigiri 26. Ndikofunikira kusintha gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu aliwonse amadzi masiku onse asanu ndi awiri, kuthandizira komanso kusefera ndizovomerezeka.
Ngati mukufuna kuti nsomba imve kunyumba, pangani malo awo kuti akhale m'madzi. Mwa izi, kuyesayesa kwapadera sikofunikira, choyambirira - pangani gawo lapansi lakuda la miyala yabwino kapena mchenga waukulu. Kenako muyenera kudzala algae wandiweyani, komanso kuyika mafuta ammadzi oyandama m'nyumba yamagalasi kuti mukhale nsomba, tsopano onjezani miyala ndi miyala. Ndizo zonse, chilengedwe cha galasi la galasi chimapangidwanso!
Kodi kudyetsa ndi chiyani?
Kuti galasi lizikula bwino, liyenera kudyetsedwa bwino. Mu chilengedwe, nsomba zimadya mphutsi, crustaceans, tizilombo ndi nyongolotsi. Mu aquarium, zakudya za anthu okhala m'madzi momveka bwino zimakhala ndi daphnia, coronet, machubu ndi mawongo ochepa a magazi. Dziwani kuti nsomba sizimakonda chakudya chouma ndipo sizifuna kudya.
Thumba lagalasi: zomwe zili
Munthawi zachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimakhala m'magulu, motero mukupangiratu kugula nsomba zisanu ndi umodzi zam'madzi, izi zipatsa ziweto zanu zowonekera bwino. Ngati mungogula mitundu ingapo yamapulogalamu, nsomba zimangobisala.
Mukamagula magalasi agalasi, onetsetsani kuti nsombayo ndi yathanzi: zipsepse zake zimayenera kukulitsidwa ndipo zisapinimidwe. Funsani obereketsa za kudyetsa kwawo. Asanapeze nsomba zoterezi, nsomba za m'madzi ziyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale - ma poti amakonda dziwe “lokhazikika,” lomwe langoyamba kumene, sakonda.
Aquarium yamadzi oyera
Ngati muli ndi malo amchere am'madzi, galasi lagalasi, lomwe m'mbuyomu limasungidwa m'madzi osalaza, liyenera kupitilizidwa. Kuti tichite izi, ndikofunikira kukonza malo okhala pansi ndi malo okhala ndi madzi opanda pake.
Kwa masiku khumi, madzi amasinthidwa tsiku lililonse ndi pafupifupi 10-15%, ndikuphatikiza kwatsopano. Kwa mtundu wam'madzi momwe gulu lamagalasi asanu ndi limodzi limakhazikika, mphamvu ya malita 38-50 ndi yokwanira. Kwa gulu lalikulupo kapena losunga mitundu yonse, malo okhala pamadzi ayenera kukhala okwanira 110 malita.
Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso osalowerera kapena acidic. Sungani madzi anu oyera: nitrites ndi ammonia ziyenera kukhala zopanda zero kapena pafupi ndi mtengo wake, chifukwa chake samalirani dongosolo labwino losefera. Akatswiri odziwa ntchito zamadzi am'madzi amadziwa kuti njira zotsogola zapamwamba kwambiri sizitha kuchotsa zinyalala zonse za anthu okhala pansi pa madzi. Chifukwa chake, kusintha kwamadzi nthawi zonse ndikofunikira - osachepera kotala la kuchuluka kwathunthu.
Mu aquarium yamitundu, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mbeu ku Southeast Asia. Zitsamba zazitali za aquarium kumbuyo ndi kumbali za aquarium ndizoyenera, ndipo pakati zimawoneka bwino kwambiri, mwina chivundikiro pansi - izi zimamasula malo oti nsomba zisambire. Ikani nthaka yosalala, yopanda pansi.
Gwiritsani ntchito zolemba zokongola - zidzakhala malo abwino pobisalira galasi. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokongoletsa m'madzi osakanikirana ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kutentha kwa nsomba izi kuyenera kumasungidwa pa +27 ° C, ndiye kuti mufunikira chotenthetsa.
Ndi anthu oyandikana nawo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi amakonda malo okhala m'madzi oyera? Kuphatikiza kwa nsomba zachilendo izi ndi zebrafish, zopangidwa ngati mphero ndizabwino kwambiri. Pamodzi apanga kusiyana kwakukulu. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bots ndi yoyenera ngati okhala pansi.
Mchere wa Aquarium Wamchere
Pankhaniyi, kusankha kwa oyandikana ndizochepa kuposa madzi abwino. Ma cichlids awiri okongola ndi oyenera pansi. Nsomba zamtunduwu sizikapitilira masentimita 7.5 ndipo zimakhala zocheperako. Amasamala kwambiri za mwachangu ndipo samazunza nsomba, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala mumtunda wapamwamba komanso wapakati wa Aquarium. Wokhalamo pansi atha kukhala njuchi, kapena mikondo iwiri. Nsomba zambiri zimatha kukhala ndi madzi amchere, nsomba ziwiri kapena zitatu zimayenda bwino.
Kanema: Glass Bass
Glass perch ndi nsomba zachilendo kwambiri zam'madzi. Ndizosiyana ndi zina chifukwa zimakhala ndi thupi lowonekera bwino lomwe momwe ziwalo zake zonse zamkati ndi mafupa amawonekera popanda kuyeserera kwambiri. Ndiyenera kunena, chiwonetserochi ndichosangalatsa, chifukwa chake, okonda nsomba zam'madzi ndikusankha.
M'madzi amchere
Ngati m'mbuyomu galasi la India limakhala m'madzi amchere, ndiye kuti limatsegulidwa nthawi yomweyo mu aquarium "yamchere". Mutha kuyeza mulingo wamchere pogwiritsa ntchito hydrometer. M'malo mwatsopano madziwo ndi atsopano. Pambuyo pa kuchepetsedwa, ndende yamchere imabwezeretseka.
Njira yowonjezera mtundu wa chang, yomwe imasinthidwa kuchokera kumadzi atsopano kupita ku saline, ndiwofanana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwa pochotsa pamzere wamchere kupita watsopano. Posunga mchere wamchere, mchere wamchere wamchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe umangokhala ndi sodium chloride. Madzi amchere amchere amathandizira kudziwa kuchuluka kwamchere wamadzi pamlingo wa 1.005−1.010, womwe ndi wofanana ndi 1.5 tsp. mchere pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi abwino. Mchere uyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku aquarium mwanjira yothetsera (ndiko kuti, mcherewo umasungunuka mu madzi ena, kenako ndikuwonjezera mu thanki ndi nsomba).
Zomera zochepa zimamera m'madzi amchere, chifukwa chake muyenera kusankha mitundu yosinthika, monga Javanese moss kapena Thai fern.