Cichlazoma zisanu ndi zitatu

Ndondomeko, banja: chotupa.

Kutentha kwamadzi: 22-25 ° C.

Ph: 6,8-7,5.

Zovuta: owopsa 50%.

Kugwirizana: Itha kusungidwa kokha ndi ma cichlids ena, ndi mawonekedwe omwewo.

Chidziwitso: mwalamulo, kale mtundu wa "Cichlazoma" - makamaka, kulibe. Onse adaponyedwa "mumagulu osiyanasiyana =) Mwachitsanzo, ndi cichlazoma wakuda-wakuda - makamaka walonda! Iye ndi Cryptocheros, ndipo ngakhale nthawi zina Archocentrus ndi Amatitlania. Ndipo diamondi cichlazoma (yemwe kale anali Cichlasoma cyanoguttatum) tsopano nthawi zambiri amakhala Herichthis carpintis. Nthawi yanji!

Ndipo zambiri zinanso, chotsani chisokonezo nthawi yomweyo diamondi cichlomas ndi njila isanu ndi itatu. Njira ya eyiti cichloma (octofasciatum) samatchedwa "njuchi" molondola. Amavala tsitsi ali mwana. "Njuchi" ndi yolondola cichlazoma wakuda (Nigrofasciatum) - omwe moyo wonse (momwe unayambira - osasankha) - imvi ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Ndipo miyala ya dayamondi (cyanoguttatum) siikhala ndi miyala konse. Akuluakulu okwanira asanu ndi atatu ndi diamondi amafanana kwambiri Ndipo muubwana, maulendo asanu ndi atatuwo ndi ofanana ndi msewu wakuda (koma ndiye - mosiyana ndi iwo - amakhala wobiriwira wobiriwira).

Malo omwe amakhala ndi chigwa cha Amazon. Cichlazoma yamagalasi asanu ndi atatu, komanso ma cichlomas ambiri, ndiwokongola. Amatchedwanso njuchi ya cichloma. Nsombazo ndizapakatikati kukula, zimafikira 21 cm. Thupi limakhala lokwera, lokutidwa ndi mawanga amaso amtundu wa buluu kumbuyo kwake. Kutengera mtundu wa nsomba ndi zomwe nsomba zimachita, zimatha kusintha mawonekedwe ake. M'thupi lonse, mumakhala mizere 8 yakuda.

Cichlazoma zisanu ndi zitatu

Amuna ambiri amakula ndi ziphuphu zazitali komanso ziphuphu. Zachikazi ndizocheperako komanso zakuda kwambiri

Cichlazoma zisanu ndi zitatu

Kudyetsa nsomba za ku aquarium ziyenera kukhala zolondola: zoyenera, zosiyanasiyana. Lamulo lofunikira ili ndiro chinsinsi chakusamalira bwino kwa nsomba iliyonse, kaya ikhale guppies kapena astronotuses. Nkhani "Zambiri komanso zochuluka bwanji zodyetsa nsomba za m'madzi" imakamba izi mwatsatanetsatane, imafotokoza mfundo zoyambirira za zakudya komanso kayendedwe ka nsomba.

Cichlazoma bee chithunzi

Munkhaniyi, tawona chinthu chofunikira kwambiri - kudyetsa nsomba sikuyenera kukhala koopsa, chakudya chouma komanso chamoyo sichiyenera kuphatikizidwa muzakudya. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kuganizira za zokonda za nsomba zomwe, ndipo, kutengera izi, zikuphatikiza muzakudya zake zomwe zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri kapena mosiyanasiyana ndi zosakaniza zamasamba.

Zakudya zotchuka komanso zotchuka za nsomba, kumene, ndizakudya zowuma. Mwachitsanzo, ora lililonse ndi kulikonse komwe mungapeze masamba azakudya zamakampani a Tetra - mtsogoleri wa msika waku Russia, kwenikweni kuvomerezedwa kwa chakudya cha kampaniyi ndizodabwitsa. "Zida za Tetra" za Tetra zimaphatikizapo chakudya cha mtundu wina wa nsomba: golide, ma cichlids, loricaria, guppies, labyrinths, arovans, discus, ndi zina zambiri. Tetra adapanganso zakudya zapadera, mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezera utoto, wokhala ndi mpanda wolimba kapena kudyetsa mwachangu. Zambiri pazakudya zonse za Tetra, mutha kupeza patsamba lovomerezeka la kampaniyo - apa.

Dziwani kuti pogula zakudya zouma zilizonse, muyenera kuyang'anira tsiku lomwe zimapangidwa ndi moyo wa alumali, musayese kugula chakudya mwakulemera, komanso sungani chakudya m'malo otsekedwa - izi zingathandize kupewa kukula kwa zomera zam'mera mwake.

Kuti ndilandire ana kuchokera ku njuchi za cichlazoma, ndimabzala mwachangu 6-10 mu aquarium ya lita 100, akakula ndikuphatikiza, ndimasankha zabwino kwambiri.
Sabata imodzi izi zisanachitike, kutentha kwa madzi kuyenera kutsitsidwa ndi 2-3 ° C, kenako ndikuwukweza pang'onopang'ono mpaka 27 ° C. Nthawi zambiri izi ndizokwanira kulimbikitsa kutuluka. Mu aquarium muyenera kukhala theka la poto wamaluwa, chipolopolo cha kokonati, chitoliro chadongo kapena mwala wosalala. Atatenga malo abwino, nsomba zimayamba kuzimatula. Kutatsala tsiku limodzi kuti lituluke, ovipositor wazaka zisanu ndi zitatu amapezeka mu chikopa cha akazi.
Kukula kumachitika nthawi zambiri m'mawa. Kutengera ndi kukula ndi msinkhu wa opanga, clutch imatha kukhala ndi mazira 500 mpaka 1000. Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, pafupifupi milligram imodzi ya methylene buluu imawonjezeredwa kumadzi. Pakatha maola 5-6, mazira osabereka amasintha kukhala oyera, amayenera kuchotsedwa mosamala kuti caviar wathanzi usawonongeke. Musakhumudwe ngati cholembera choyamba chikhala choyera - nthawi zambiri chimakhalabe chosavomerezeka. Pakatha mwezi umodzi ndipo nsomba zidzachitikanso.

Cichlazoma bee chithunzi
Ma cichlazomas asanu ndi atatu ndiwo makolo osamala, amuna ndi akazi amasinthana zipsepse. Pakadali pano, azidyetsedwa mosamalitsa ndipo zakudya ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino, ndipo mu aquarium, ikani zowunikira usiku.
Kutentha kwa 27 ° C, mphutsi zimawonekera tsiku lachitatu. Akazi amawatengera mkamwa mwake ndikuwasamutsira kudzenje lomwe anakumba pansi, ngati palibe nthaka, pobisala amagwiritsa ntchito - chitoliro chadothi kapena mphika wosweka. Patatha masiku anayi, ma yolk amapanga mphutsi ndipo amayamba kudya okha. Zakudya zoyambira ndi fumbi lakale, ma ciliates, artemia salina, zing'onozing'ono zazingwe, komanso chakudya chodziwika bwino cha nsomba za ana. Ana ake amakula msanga, koma mosagwirizana, choncho amayenera kusanjidwa pamwezi.

Zonsezi pamwambapa ndi chipatso chabe cha kuyang'ana nsomba zamtunduwu zam'madzi ndikutola zambiri kuchokera kwa eni ake ndi obereketsa. Tikufuna kugawana ndi alendo osati zambiri, komanso machitidwe amoyo, kukukulolani kuti mulowe mokwanira komanso moonda kulowa m'dziko la aquarium. Lowani https://fanfishka.ru/forum/, tengani nawo pazokambirana pa tsambali, pangani mitu yazithunzi momwe mungalankhulire zokhazokha ndi zofunikira za anzanu, fotokozerani zomwe akuchita, mawonekedwe awo ndi zomwe zili pagululi, gawanani kupambana kwanu ndi zisangalalo zanu, gawanani zomwe mwakumana nazo ndikuphunzira kwa ena. Tili okondweretsedwa ndi gawo lililonse la zomwe mumakumana nazo, sekondi iliyonse ya chisangalalo chanu, kuzindikira kulikonse kwakulakwitsa komwe kumapangitsa kuti abwenzi anu apewe zolakwika zomwezo. Zomwe tili kwambiri, m'malovu owoneka bwino komanso owoneka bwino ali m'moyo ndi moyo wa gulu lathu la mabiliyoni asanu ndi awiri.

Eight-kanjira cichlazoma kapena kanema wa njuchi

Kukhala mwachilengedwe

Cichlazoma yamaulendo asanu ndi atatu idafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1903. Amakhala ku North ndi Central America: Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras.

Chimakhala m'madziwe, m'madziwe ndi pamadzi ena okhala ndi madzi osayenda kapena osayenda, pomwe amakhala pakati pamalo otchingidwa, ndi mchenga kapena silty pansi.

Amadyanso nyongolotsi, mphutsi, ndi nsomba zazing'ono.

Kufotokozera

Dzina lachingerezi lokonda chidwi ndi cichlazoma uyu ndi Jack Dempsey, zoona zake ndi zoti pomwe zidawonekera koyamba m'mizinda yamadzi yamadzi, zinkawoneka kuti aliyense anali nsomba yankhanza komanso yogwira ntchito, ndipo adatchedwa dzina la Boxer wotchuka, Jack Dempsey.

Zachidziwikire, ndi nsomba yosakhala yamtendere, koma mwaukali imakhala yotsika ndi ma cichlasts a Managuan omwe, kapena cichlomas a diamondi.

Cichlid wokhala ndi mayendedwe asanu ndi atatu ali ndi thupi lotakasika, laling'ono, lokhala ndi anal anal ndi finors dorsal. Awa ndi ma cichlids ambiri, omwe amatha kukula mpaka 20-25 masentimita m'madzi, ndipo amakhala pafupifupi zaka 15.

Ma cichlazoma biocellatum okhwima pakugonana ndiwokongola kwambiri, wokhala ndi zingwe zakuda komwe kumakhala mikwingwirima yakuda komanso madontho amtambo wobiriwira ndi obiriwira. Amuna, maini ndi ma dorsal ziphuphu zimakhala zazitali komanso zokhala ndi chingwe chofiira. Akazi amakhala ndi malo ochepa pathupi, ndipo pali malo amdima pachikuto cha gill.

Ana ake ndi atchuke kwambiri, okhala ndi imvi komanso zowala pang'ono. Popsinjika, njirayi eyiti imazirala, kusintha mtundu wakuda kukhala imvi ndipo kuchuluka kwa kunyezimira kumachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Kuyamba

Cichlazoma wokhala ndi magawo asanu ndi atatu amaonedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa ma cichlids okongola kwambiri aku America.

Dzinali m'Malatini ndi Cichlasoma octofasciatum kapena Rocio octofasciata. Kusintha komaliza kwa dzinali kunaperekedwa kwa nsomba iyi ndianthyologist wasayansi Juan Schmitter-Soto, yemwe anachita kafukufuku watsatanetsatane wa cichlasoma uyu mu 2007. Mawu oti Rocio amatanthauzira kuti "mame" (kutulutsa kambiri kumakumbutsa nsomba), ndipo octofasciata amatanthauza "njira zisanu ndi zitatu".

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Charles Regan adalongosola za njira zisanu ndi zitatu zomwe adasankha ndipo adatcha Heros octofasciatus. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi nsombayi zidafotokozedwa pamaziko a kafukufuku yemwe anagwidwa mu 1866 mu rivulet yaying'ono ku Mexico. Pambuyo pake, Regan adafufuzanso nsomba ina, yomwe adaitcha Cichlasoma biocellatum. Dzinali tsopano limagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauza cichlase-bee, ngakhale ndichilengedwe.

Izi nsomba zidabwera ku maiko aku Europe kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20 (mu 1904), gawo ladziko lathulo lidalowetsedwa mu 1958.

Cichlazoma yokhala ndi maulendo asanu ndi atatu ndi nsomba zokulirapo, kuthengo imamera mpaka 25cm kutalika, zoyerekeza zam'madzi ndizochepa - kuchokera 10 mpaka 14. Monga ma cichlids onse aku America, njuchi ya cichlazoma ili ndi thupi lalitali, lokakamizidwa kuchokera kumbali. Nsombayo imakhala ndi pamphumi yayikulu komanso moloza maina ndi ziphuphu zakhungu. Pambuyo chaka choyamba cha moyo, thupi la ma cichlates amenewa limapeza mtundu wonyezimira, womwe umakhala wamitundu yosiyanasiyana kutengera kuwunikira - mtundu wa mamba ukhoza kukhala wabuluu, wofiirira, wobiriwira, wabulawuni kapena wofiirira.

Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, cichlazoma yamaulendo asanu ndi atatu amakhala m'nyumba yawo yakanyumba pafupifupi zaka 10. Nthawi zina, ma cichlomas amakhalapo ndi zaka 13 mpaka 14

Zofunikira za Aquarium

Kuti musunge ma cichlases awiri, muyenera ma aquarium okhala ndi malita 60 kapena kupitilira. Ngati mukufuna kukayenda m'mphepete mwa nsomba zamitundu ingapo, ndibwino kuti mugule malo okhala malita 100-200. Njira yabwino ikhoza kukhala mawonekedwe akulu amakono. Ma cichlases a impso amawonetsetsa kwambiri momwe madzi amapangidwira, kotero, fayilo yakunja yamphamvu iyenera kuyikika mu aquarium. Pofuna kupangitsa kuti madzi azikhala ndi mpweya wabwino, pali compressor yomwe imayikidwa mu chosungira.

Zofunikira zamadzi

Ma aquarium okhala ndi ma cichlazomas asanu ndi atatu oyenda amadzaza ndi madzi olimba komanso osalolera. Kutentha kwa malo am'madzi zomwe zili mu nsomba zamtunduwu kuyenera kukhala pamlingo kuchokera 24 mpaka 26 digiri. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira madzi ¼ pafupipafupi.

Magawo amadzi

Cichlazoma imayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madzi ngati madzi, makamaka mpaka muyeso wa ammonia. Gawo la nitrate liyenera kukhala laling'ono, chifukwa chake, fayilo yachilengedwe yoyenera siyingagawidwe nayo. Kukhazikitsa koyenera kwa aeration system: nsomba siziyenera kumva kuperewera kwa mpweya.

Sinthani madzi mu aquarium pafupipafupi, m'miyezi yoyambirira mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito aquarium, makamaka 3-4 pa sabata. Kotala la kuchuluka kwa madzi amasintha. Madzi atsopano omwe adakonzedwera m'malo mwake ayenera kuyimilira masiku awiri.

Magawo abwino am'madzi:

• acidity - 7 pH,
• kuuma - 10 - 13 °,
• kutentha - kuyambira +24 mpaka + 26 ° C.

Zofunikira zadothi

Mchenga wowuma kapena granite yoponderezedwa imayikidwa pansi pamadzi ndi ma cichlases asanu ndi atatu. Tsikhlazoma-bee, ngati oimira ambiri amtunduwu, amakonda kulowa pansi, kukonzekera chilichonse mwanjira yake. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono tikuyenera kukhala okunenepa kuti chinyezi chambiri chisapezeke mu aquarium, komanso popanda ngodya lakuthwa, kuti musavulaze nsomba.

Pazokongoletsa malo am'madzi, ma algae omwe ali ndi mizu yamphamvu amasankhidwa kuti njuchi za cichlomas zisatulutsidwe. Ndikofunika kuti zibzalidwe mumiphika. Malo amakhazikitsidwa kuchokera kumiyala ikuluikulu komanso mabatani - izi zithandiza kupewa nkhondo zamtunda pakati pa ma cichlases awa ndi ena okhala m'madzimo.

Momwe mungadyetsere ma cichlases asanu ndi atatu?

Kuthengo, biocelatums ndi zilombo. M'masamba akunyumba kwawo, chakudya cham'madzi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya: shrimp, nyongolotsi zamagazi, chubu. Chipangizo chamasamba chimakakamizidwanso - nsomba zimapatsidwa letesi, kabichi, dandelions (amadyera amasakanizidwa ndi madzi otentha asanadye) ndi oatmeal.

Amalangizidwa kudyetsa ma cichlids asanu ndi atatu kamodzi patsiku pofuna kupewa kumwa mopitirira muyeso. Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kuti asadye nsomba izi kamodzi pa sabata: kusala kudya sikungapweteke, koma kungayambitse kudya oyandikana nawo aku aquarium.

Kuphatikiza Kwachisanu Ndi Chachimodzi

Mukamasankha oyandikana nawo masikono oyenda m'njira zisanu ndi zitatu, chisamaliro chawo cholusa komanso chomenya nkhondo chimayenera kukumbukiridwa. Aliyense wokhala m'madzimo azitchedwa cichlazoma-njuchi ngati chakudya chamoyo ndipo azidya.

Zabwino koposa zonse, ma cichlazomas asanu ndi atatu oyenda limodzi amakhala ndi oyimira amtundu ndi mitundu yawo. Milandu yomwe ilumikizidwe ndi izi ndi nkhaka zam'madzi zimadziwika. Koma pakati pa anansi oterowo mikangano imatha kudutsa gawo.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire pakati pa amuna ndi akazi?

Kusiyana kwazakugonana pakati pa ma eyitilosi asanu ndi atatu kumawonekera bwino. Amphongo achimuna awa, ziphuphu za m'mimba ndi ma anal zimakhala zazitali; chingwe chofiira chimayenda m'mphepete mwa zipsepse. Wamphongo, monga lamulo, ndi wamkulu kuposa wamkazi ndipo ali ndi mtundu wowala, mkatikati mwa thupi pali malo ena owzungulira amtundu wakuda. Mwa chachikazi, malo oterowo amakhala kumapeto kwa mchira, madontho amdima ang'onoang'ono amapezeka pansi pa zotchingira.

Kubala michere yanjira zisanu ndi zitatu

Kubwezeretsanso ma cichlase asanu ndi atatu siovuta kwenikweni. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, nsomba izi zimatha kutha msinkhu ndi miyezi 12 ya moyo. Zoyesa za Aquarium nthawi zina zimatha kutuluka miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kuyambira ali aang'ono, awiriawiri a mawonekedwe amodzi a nsomba mu gulu la nsomba izi.

Asanabadwe, mtundu wamphongo umakhala wowala - m'mphepete ofiira zamkati ndi malo amdima mkati mwa thupi amawonekera bwino. Munthawi imeneyi, kukalipa kwa banjali kumawonjezeka - makolo amtsogolo akukonzekera kuteteza caviar ndi mwachangu. Poganizira izi, ena amalangizidwa kuti aziyika maanja mu malo osiyana siyana kuti awonongeke.

Kutambalala kumadzaza ndimadzi okhazikika ndi magawo abwino. Ngati kuwaza kumayembekezeredwa m'mbali zonse zam'madzi, sinthani madzi with ndi madzi abwino. Kupititsa patsogolo kubereka, kutentha kwa madzi amadzimadzi kumachulukitsidwa mpaka madigiri 28.

Asanatulutsane, awiriwa amayeretsa mwala mosamala, pomwe mkazi amaterera. Pakangodzala kamodzi, mkazi amatulutsa mazira 500 mpaka 1000, koma zomangirazo sizikhatetezedwa kwathunthu.

Ma cichlazomas okwera zisanu ndi zitatu amasamalira masonry, mpweya wabwino ndi kusanja mazira. Mphutsi zachikazi zimawoneka mkamwa ndikusunthira kumalo okhala ndi miyala ndi algae.

Atangoona mphutsi za biocellatums, amadyera mafuta obisika omwe amawonekera pakhungu la mkazi.

Pakatha masiku 4 kapena 5, mphutsi zimayamba kuphwa ndipo zimayamba kusambira zokha. Kuyambira nthawi ino kupita m'tsogolo, amapatsidwa fumbi lokhalokha, artemia nauplii, ndi grated dzira la dzira.

Matenda a njira zisanu ndi zitatu

Cichlomas eyiti-eyiti amasiyanitsidwa ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso kukana matenda, omwe amadziwika ndi onse oimira zamtunduwu. Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke za nsomba izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolakwika posamalira kapena osagwirizana ndi malamulo omangidwa.

Kutentha kocheperako (kosachepera madigiri 24) kumatha kuyambitsa ichthyophthyroidism. Njuchi yodwala ya cichlazoma iluma pansi, munthu amatha kuwona kusanja kwa mbale zabwino. Pamwamba pa thupi ndi zipsepse kumawoneka timiyala tating'ono tofiirira, tofanana ndi semolina.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za matendawa, onjezani kutentha kwa madzi am'madzi ndikuwonjezera aeration. Matendawa atakula kwambiri amatha kuthandizidwa ndimankhwala.

Zosangalatsa

• Cichlazoma yokhala ndi ma eyiti ndi yolusa kwambiri kwa oyandikana nawo am'madzi momwe anthu okonda nsomba ku America adayitcha kuti Jack Dempsey (Jack Dempsey) - dzina lake linali nkhonya.
• Ziphuphu zokhala ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu ndizopindulitsa zachilengedwe.Akakhazikitsidwa mu chinyumba chatsopano cha m'madzi, amakonzekeretsa m'gawo momwe angaonere ndipo anganyalanyaze malo okhala ndi m'mapanga omwe mwini adawakonzera.

Cichlazoma Wamiyendo Eyiti - Dimorphism

Amuna maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda zokulirapo poyerekeza ndi zazikazi, ndizitali kwambiri, lobastier komanso utoto wowala. Thupi lawo limakhala lophimbidwa kwathunthu ndi kunyezimira. Chizindikiro china chomwe chimaloleza kusiyanitsa chachikazi ndi chachimuna ndicho kupezeka kwa malo amiyala am'munsi mwa zotchingira gill; wamphongo alibe mawanga. Khalidwe ili silimapatsa mwayi zana limodzi, chifukwa akazi ena sangakhale ndi timiyala tating'ono, ndipo mosemphanitsa, amatha kuwoneka amuna ena atakalamba.

Njira yolimba yodziwira kugonana ndi mawonekedwe a papilla yamtunduwu, mwaimuna imakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyambitsa kutsogolo, ndipo mwa mkaziyo amafanana ndi cholimba chokhazikika. Tsoka ilo, chizindikiro ichi chimangogwira ntchito patatsala pang'ono kutalika.

Mukamagula ana, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti pazaka 3-4 miyezi, zazikazi zimatha kukhala patsogolo pa amuna kukula. Chifukwa chake, kudalira chizindikiro ichi sikulinso koyenera. Koma machitidwe a amuna ndi osiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha akazi. Kutetezedwa kumawatulutsa kale adakali aang'ono, amateteza malo awo ku zowuma zina, kuwonjezera apo, chifukwa chaukali wawo waukulu, mtundu wa amuna nthawi zambiri umakhala wakuda kuposa wa akazi.

Mu achinyamata, kugonana kumatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a dorsal fin, mwa amuna akuti, mwa akazi kumapeto kwake kuli mawonekedwe ozungulira. Ndi zaka, zazikazi zimakhalanso zowawa kwambiri.

Mwakutero, achichepere amatha kukhala m'madzi okhala ndi uve wambiri (kuyambira pomwe ammonium ndi nitrite) popanda zotsatira zowoneka, koma nthawi yomwe amakhala ndi moyo imachepetsedwa kwambiri. M'moyenera kwambiri maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda mutha kukhala mu mzindawo kwa zaka 10 kapena kupitilira.

Kuphatikiza pa madzi osakhala bwino, zinthu monga kuperewera kwa chakudya m'thupi, ma aquariamu ocheperako, kuwononga pafupipafupi komanso kupsinjika kumakhudza nthawi yomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo wama cichlases.

Maupangiri ambiri am'madzi azisungidwe njira zisanu ndi zitatu kutentha kwa madzi komwe kakhazikitsidwa kuyambira 22 mpaka 30 ° C. M'malo mwake, kutentha kwam'madzi kukatsika pansi pa 24 ° C, nsomba zimayesetsa kukhalabe pafupi ndi chotenthetsera. Chifukwa chake, pochita, muyenera kutsatira kutentha kwa 25-27 ° C. Malire apamwamba ndi 31 ° C.

Kuuma kwamadzi kumatha kuyambira 5 mpaka 30 dH, ndi pH ya 7.0-8.5.

Kukonda njira zisanu ndi zitatu kwakukulu zimatengera kuchuluka kwa thankiyo yomwe ili momwemo. Chifukwa chake, mu ma aquariums mpaka malita 250, banja lokalamba, lopanda zosowa, sililekerera dera lililonse, kupatula mtundu wa samaki wa loricaria ndi oimira ena ang'ono a nsomba. Chifukwa chakukonzekera kupangira nthunzi njira zisanu ndi zitatu amatha kumenya mpaka kufa ngakhale oyandikana nawo omwe ndi okulirapo kuposa iwo, mwachitsanzo, monga zakuthambo ndi diamondi cichlazomas.

M'madambo akuluakulu osakwanira, mikangano pakati pa oimira amuna kapena akazi okhaokha ndiwotheka kwambiri, ndipo wamkazi nthawi zambiri amayambitsa mkanganowu, ngakhale kuti kutaya kwakukulu kumawonekera. Ndipo ngati mwamunayo satenga vutoli mozama, nthawi zambiri mzimayi wogwiritsa ntchito mafoni amakwanitsa kumamufunsa kuti amugwiritse ntchito. Zikafika pomenya nkhondo yeniyeni, ndiye pamenepa, mkaziyo siabwino. Njira yokhayo yopulumutsira moyo wake ndikusamutsira kumadzi wina.

Mu malo osungiramo madzi osakwana 300 malita, amalimbikitsidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kudzipatula omwe amapanga izi kwa wina ndi mnzake. Njira yokhazikika yotsekeredwa mndende imatha kuganiziridwa momwe miyezi ingapo ya 3-6 imasungidwira limodzi, ndipo miyezi 1.5-3 imasiyanitsidwa. Pakusaka kwakukulu, awiriwa sangathe kulekanitsidwa, ngati kuli kotheka, zazikazi zimatha kusambira mpaka kumapeto kwa thanki, zazimuna nthawi zambiri sizimulondola. Kupatula kwa abwenzi ndikothandiza pazifukwa zina, kumatha kuchepetsa kufalikira, popeza zochuluka kwambiri ndizovulala kwa nsomba, makamaka kwa akazi.

Zotheka njira zisanu ndi zitatu wamwamuna, wamwamuna mmodzi ndi akazi angapo. Pankhaniyi, amatha kusinthana kusamalira aliyense wa iwo. Mukamaberekana amuna popanda akazi, pakapita nthawi nthawi zambiri samasonyezana udani wina ndi mzake, ngakhale kuti zotheka ndizotheka, popeza zimadalira mtundu wa munthu wina.

Mumiyala yayikulu maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda sachita ukali pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mavoliyumu ang'onoang'ono, motero amatha kukhala ndi ma cichlids ena. Koma monga momwe mchitidwe umasonyezera, ndibwino kuti musachite izi, popeza kukhalapo kwa mitundu ina kumakhumudwitsa njuchi, kuphatikiza ndizomwe zimachitika pomwe poyambirira adabadwa ndi ma cichlids amtundu wina.

Simuyenera kusunga njuchi ndi tinsomba ting'onoting'ono, chifukwa chomerachi chidzadyedwa posachedwa kapena mtsogolo.

Zomera za Aquarium maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda samadya, koma amatha kuwazula ngati zikuwoneka kuti akukula pamalo olakwika malinga ndi momwe iwowo akuonera. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya masamba olimba ndikuwadzala muzotengera zosiyana.

Kupanga zojambula m'madzi ndikofunikira kukumbukira za malo okhala. Njuchi sizimakonda kuwala kowala, kuwonetsa ntchito yayitali kwambiri madzulo.

Chakudya

Cichlazoma eyiti wachibadwa wolusa mwachilengedwe. Mwachilengedwe, chakudya chake chachikulu ndi nsomba zazing'ono komanso ma invertebrates osiyanasiyana. Mu aquarium, muyenera kutsatira zakudya zomwezo. Koma kuti moyo wa nsomba ukhale wabwino, zakudya zamagulu azomera ziyenera kuwonjezedwa menyu.
Zakudya zouma, imodzi mwa izo imatha kulimbikitsidwa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi spirulina pakupanga kwawo. Pokhapokha pali chakudya chamoyo komanso chazizira cha nsomba zam'madzi, nsomba zam'madzi zosiyanasiyana, monga shrimp, mussels, squid, octopus, ndi nandolo zobiriwira zamzitini zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera.

Kudyetsa akuluakulu ayenera kukhala odziletsa, osapitirira kamodzi pa tsiku. Kuphatikiza apo, ndikofunikira kukonza tsiku la kusala kudya kwa sabata.

Kulera ma cichlases asanu ndi atatu mu aquarium

Njuchi zimayamba kukhwima pofika pafupi chaka. Akakula mu gulu, maanja amapanga okha. Kuchita kukakamizidwa kumatha kulephera, popeza amuna okhwima pakugonana ndiwosankha. Kufalikira kawiri.

Pafupifupi sabata imodzi izi zisanachitike, kutentha kwa madzi mu aquarium kuyenera kutsitsidwa ndi 2-3 ° C, atayimirira tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, amakweza pang'onopang'ono mpaka 27 ° C. Nthawi zambiri, njirayi imalimbikitsa nsomba kuti zipse. M'masiku osaneneka, opanga mtsogolo modzaza amafukula dothi lonse m'madziwo, kuthira zitunda zonse m'makoma onse.

Eic-lane cichlazoma ozunguliridwa ndi mwachangu

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi lathyathyathya zimatha kukhala ngati gawo loyika mazira: miyala yayikulu yosanja, poto woumbika womwe unaikidwa pambali pake, kapena gawo lapansi lomasulidwa ku dothi. Popeza asankha imodzi mwazinthuzi, opanga amayamba kuyeretsa. Tsiku loti lisanabuke, wamkazi amakhala ndi ovipositor wooneka.

Nthawi zambiri kuwaza kumachitika m'mawa. Kutengera ndi msinkhu komanso msambo wa akazi mu zovala, pali mazira 500 mpaka 1000.

Pakumapeto kwa msika, zimathandizira kuwonjezera miligram imodzi ya methylene buluu kumadzi.

Kutengera ndi kutentha, mazenera amadzaza masiku atatu mpaka 6. Atatsala pang'ono kukwapula, opanga mosamala amasamutsa mazira kuchokera pagawo kupita ku dzenje lokonzedwa kale. Pakhoza kukhala maenje angapo. Masana, nsomba zimatha kusamula mazira kuchokera ku dzenje lina kupita ku lina kangapo.

Ngati mbewu zophika zikupezeka mu malo am'madzi, ndiye kuti nsomba zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito izi ngati malo osungirako, mutatha kuwononga mbewuzo ndikumasuka miphika ku gawo lapansi.

Cichlomas Milozo eyiti makolo osamala, amasamala za caviar ndi mwachangu.
Mphutsi zimasandukira mwachangu tsiku lachinayi, pambuyo pake amayamba kusambira mwachangu pofunafuna chakudya. Zakudya zoyambira ndi artemia nauplii, kapena zakudya zochita kupanga mwachangu, ngati kulibe, poyambira mungagwiritse ntchito pre-grated, yophika ndi dzira la mazira.

Ntchito zachikazi zimaphatikizapo kusamalira ana amtsogolo, pomwe champhongo ndicho chimateteza gawo lawo. Kulekanitsidwa kwa ntchitozi nthawi zina kumayambitsa mikangano, popeza amuna ena amafunanso kutenga nawo mbali posamalira ana. Mikangano yapabanja yotere ingayambitse kudya kwa caviar ndi opanga. Kuti izi zisachitike, champhongo chimayenera kudzipatula ikangotuluka.

Nthawi zambiri achikulire, ndikutembenuka kwamphamvu kwa zipsepse zamtchire, kumayambitsa dothi lapansi, potero kumathandizira pakudya kwamtundu wa zoo ndi phytobenthos. Opanga amatha kudulira mwachangu potafuna ndi kumulavulira zakudya zazikulu, monga ma pellets owuma a ma cichlids. Zochita zonsezi za makolo sizimachotsera nkhosayo pakufunika kudyetsa ana. Pa gawo loyamba, izi zikuyenera kuchitika maulendo 4 mpaka 6 patsiku. Ndi vuto la kusowa kwa chakudya, mwachangu amatha kumata nthambi komanso zipsepse za makolo awo. Komanso, zipsepse zomwe zimadyedwa ndi mwachangu zimabwezeretsedwa pang'onopang'ono.

Eight-kanjira cichlazoma - wachinyamata

Ana akamakula, ayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chokulirapo akamakulitsa mlingo. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri ndi atatu, omwe amapatsidwa magazi owoneka bwino ndi ma tubule akhoza kuyambitsa kudya.

Nthawi zambiri maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda amasamalira ana awo kwa miyezi itatu kapena inayi, pambuyo pake makolo awo amayamba kufooka. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe kuletsa kuyang'anira kumatha kubwerezedwanso, pomwe ana akalewo amawopseza omasulira atsopanowo.

Ndikofunika kuyambira kuyambira chaka chimodzi ndi theka kapena miyezi ingapo kuti mukulitse mwachangu mu malo ena omwe akukula.

Fryoyi imakula msanga, koma mosagwirizana, motero imayenera kusanjidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

Ndizosangalatsa

Ku Russia njira zisanu ndi zitatu za cichlazoma Kwa zaka zoposa makumi atatu akhala akukhala ku Old Kuban Lake, yomwe ndi gawo la kuzizira kwa Krasnodar CHP. Anthu akumderalo amadzitcha buluu wa pea acara. Kuyanjana kwamtunduwu kunatsimikiziridwa mokhulupirika ndi akatswiri angapo odziwika.

Dera la nyanjayi lili pafupifupi 3 km2. Dziwe lachigawika magawo awiri: lina lozizira lomwe madzi amatengedwa ndi lotentha pomwe madzi otentha amakandwa. Ngakhale nyengo yozizira, matenthedwe amadzi mu gawo ili la chosungira ali pafupifupi 25 ° C. Nyanjayi ili ndi zomera zambiri zapamwamba, zamchenga zamchenga.

Pali magawo amchenga pansi ndipo ophimbidwa ndi miyala. Kupita kunyanja maphikidwe asanu ndi atatu oyenda amachokera ku ma aquarium amateur, ndikupanga anthu akutali. M'nyengo yotentha, amatha kupezeka kumadera onse a nyanjayi, nthawi yozizira amasonkhana pamalo omwe amatulutsa madzi ofunda.

Makhalidwe a madzi mu nyanjayi ndi okhazikika kwambiri: pH-8.0, KH-5.0, GH-10.0, kutentha kwakukulu kwa madzi + 34 ° C, osachepera + 17 ° C, NO3 mtengo uli pafupi ndi zero. Kukula kwa njuchi zakudziko ndi kocheperako ndipo nthawi zambiri sikapitirira masentimita 11. Mtunduwo ndi wapakati, mwachiwonekere mikhalidwe ya biotopu sikugwirizana ndi momwe ziliri.

Kudyetsa

Omnivores, cichlomas, biocelatum kudya mitundu yonse ya moyo, ayisikilimu kapena chakudya choyikiridwa. Akuluakulu mokwanira, motero amafunika chakudya chopatsa thanzi - chakudya chamagulu cha ma cichlids, machubu, artemia, magazi.

Mutha kudyetsanso nsomba, shrimp, nyama yosenda, nsomba zazing'ono. Mtima wamphesa ndi nyama zina zakunyanja siziyenera kuperekedwa kawirikawiri, chifukwa sizigonjetsedwa bwino ndi m'mimba mwa nsomba ndikupangitsa kunenepa kwambiri komanso kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo zamkati.

Osakhazikika, koma lalikulu cichlid, omwe muyenera kukhala nawo m'mphepete mwa aquarium, kuchokera pa 200 malita ochepa. Popeza zinyalala zambiri zimatsalira podyetsa, kusintha madzi pafupipafupi, kupopera pansi, ndi fayilo yamphamvu, makamaka yina, ndiyofunikira.

Monga ma cichlids onse, kukumba pansi njanji zisanu ndi zitatu, pomwe iwo amatha kukumba mbewu, motero ndibwino kusunga mbewu m'miphika. Inde, ndikofunikira kuti awa akhale mitundu yolimba komanso yolimba - echinodorus, Anubias yayikulu.

Mu aquarium muyenera kukonza malo okhala, makamaka ngati ili ndi ma cichlids ena. Ma bolodi, komanso kutentha kwa madzi ochepa (25 C ndi pansi), amachepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ma cichlids oyenda m'njira zisanu ndi zitatu.

Njuchi ndizosagwira kwambiri magawo amadzi, koma magawo abwino ndi awa: kutentha 22-29-29, ph: 6.5-7.0, 8 - 12 dGH.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi

Momwe mungasiyanitsire wamwamuna ndi wamkazi? Wamphongo wamphongo wamphongo zisanu ndi zitatu wamphongo amatalika kwambiri ndikuwola zipsepse zamatumbo ndi ma anal, ndipo mphonje wofiyira umakhalanso m'mphepete.

Pamtunda wonsewo, wamwamuna ndi wamkulu komanso wowala bwino; ali ndi mawanga angapo ozungulira pakati pa thupi komanso pafupi ndi fayidi ya caudal.

Mwa chachikazi, mawanga akuda amapezeka pa caudal fin ndipo pali madontho akuda pansi pa chivundikiro.

Zomera

Pakhoza kukhala zovuta ndi zomerazi. Chowonadi ndi chakuti cichloma ndiwosawerengeka pokhudzana ndi kuzindikira kwachilengedwe. Ngati sakonda mbewu ndi zomwe eni ake adabzala, pamenepo mbowo azizikumba ndi kuchotsa. Ndipo sizotheka kusangalatsa njuchi koyamba.

Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu osati m'nthaka, koma m'miphika. Ndikofunika kusankha mitundu yokhala ndi mizu yolimba komanso yayikulu. Echinodorus, cryptocoryne, elodea adzachita.

Dothi komanso zokongoletsa

Tsikhlazomas amakonda kuyendayenda m'nthaka, chifukwa chake mchenga wowoneka bwino kapena tchipisi tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tiyenera kusankhidwa kuti tiwoloke pansi.

Ndi kukongoletsa kwa njuchi yapamwamba, ndizosavuta kusangalatsa ngati zomera. The aquarium imatha kukongoletsedwa ndi snags, grottoes, zipolopolo. Koma musadabwe ngati nsombayo ikanyalanyaza malo okhala, ikayamba kudzipangira okha, kukumba pansi.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Palibe chovuta kulera kunyumba. Samalira pang'onopang'ono saizi, chifukwa njuchi ngakhale zikukhala ndi mitundu ina kuteteza ana.

Pofuna kubereketsa, makolo amtsogolo amasankha malo omwe amayeretsa. Kumbani dzenje pansi. Wamkazi amataya mazira 600 mpaka 800. Fyuni woswedwa amasamukira kudzenje.

Mwachangu chakudya pa crustacean mphutsi.

Matenda ndi Kuteteza

Cichlazomas angati akukhala malinga ndi momwe amasungidwira komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi, koma nthawi yayitali yokhala moyo ndi zaka 10-12.

Njuchi zimakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Matenda nthawi zambiri amabwera chifukwa chosasamalidwa bwino:

1. Ichthyophthyroidism ndimatenda opatsirana, omwe amatsatana ndi ma mbewa oyera pathupi komanso nkhanambo. Chithandizo chili ndi maantibayotiki. Kupewa - kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa madzi.
2. Njala ya oxygen. Zimachitika ndi aeration otsika mtengo. Ambulansi ndiyoti iwonjezere hydrogen peroxide kapena mapiritsi a oxygen.

Ngakhale zili zowopsa komanso zankhanza, njuchi zapakhosi ndizodziwika kwambiri. Ndizosangalatsa kuwasamalira, mtundu wawo wowala bwino ndiwosangalatsa.

Mawonekedwe

Mawonekedwe a thupi ndi banja la a Cichlid: lathyathyathya m'mbali, mutu atakulungidwa ndi gawo lalitali lakutsogolo. Zipsepse ndi zotupa zimatha kumapeto kwake.

Mwachilengedwe, kutalika kwake ndi 16-22 cm. Nsomba za Aquarium ndizocheperako - 10-12 cm.

Mtundu wa thupi umachokera ku buluu mpaka wakuda. Maulendowa owoneka bwino. Iliyonse yajambulajambula utoto wake - utoto, buluu, zobiriwira, mchenga, golide. Masikelo amafanana ndi mame akugwa, omwe akuwonetsedwa dzinalo.

The mwachangu ali ndi mikwingulo yakuda eyiti pa thupi, yomwe imazimiririka akamakula.

Khalidwe

Cichlazoma wokhala ndi mipando isanu ndi itatu, monga ma cichlids onse, ndi nsomba yodya nyama komanso yam'madzi. Njuchi sangalekerere nsomba zazing'ono komanso zocheperako, koma amazidya. Ndi nsomba zazikulu zimenya nkhondo ndikugonjetsa gawo. Ma Aquarists samayamba cichloma chifukwa chaukali wa nsomba. Tsikhlazoma siankhanza kuposa mitundu ina ya ma cichlids, chifukwa chake siyoyenera kuopa. Palinso malingaliro akuti awa ndi nsomba "yamanyazi".

Nthawi zina capriciousness imawonetseranso mawonekedwe.Njuchi imanyalanyaza nyumba zopanga, ma grotto ndi mapanga ndipo ikakhumba kukumba dothi ndikupanga phanga lokha.

Aquarium

Msodzi waung'ono wa njuchi amafunika nsomba zazikuluzikulu kuposa mitundu ina ya kukula. Kukula kwa aquarium ndikofunikira, chifukwa cichlid iliyonse imapanga gawo lake ndikuiteteza. Chifukwa chake, sankhani ma aquariums okhala ndi madzi okwanira malita zana pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Ikachulukirachulukira, kumalimbana ndi mabala kapena ngakhale kufa.

Post yomwe imagawidwa ndi Unique Graphics (@unique_ste) pa Jan 27, 2017 nthawi ya 2:27 pm PST

Mapangidwe ake osungirako adzakhala magawo, nyumba, mapanga, nsanja.

Zomera

Mu aquarium yama cichlids, ndikofunikira kusankha mbewu zoyenera. Njuchi kukumba ndi mizu mizu.

Momwe mungasankhire mbewu mu chinyama cha njuchi:

• Gwiritsani ntchito zomera.
• Zomera zokhala ndi mizu yamphamvu.
• Zomera zomwe zimakula mwachangu komanso mizu.
• Zomera zopanda madzi zoyandama pamtunda kapena m'mphepete mwa madzi.
• Zomera zoyika.

Zosankha zabwino ndi izi:

• Elodea.
• Riccia akuyandama.
• Cryptocoryne.
• Echinodorus amazon.
• Vallisneria ndi ozungulira.

Kuswana

Kubala njuchi sikophweka pansi pazabwino. Ngati awiriawiri amasungidwa mu malo am'madzi amodzi, ndiye kuti abzalidwe m'mathanki osazungulira angapo.

Asanafalikire, anthu amakhala okwiya kwambiri. Kutambalala kumapangitsidwa ndi kutentha kwamphamvu madigiri angapo ndikusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi.

Kufalikira

Pakuchepa, banjali limasankha malo obisika pakati pa masamba. Pamalo okonzedwayo, mkaziyo amaikira mazira. Pambuyo pofalikira, mphutsi zimaswa pambuyo masiku 1.5. Pakatha masiku awiri, mwachangu amakhala wopanda mphamvu ndipo amatha kudya chakudya. Makolo amasunga mwachangu kwa milungu inayi. The mwachangu amadyetsedwa nauplia kasanu patsiku. Pakusowa chakudya, wamkazi amatha kudyetsa ana ndi khungu la khungu, koma izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya mkazi.

Ndemanga

Othandizira mafunde akuwonetsa chisamaliro chovuta cha ziweto izi. Oberetsa amawayamikiranso ndikuyika m'malo am'madzi chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo achilendo ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa. Koma chovuta kusiya ndicholimba komanso nsomba.

Mtengo wake umatengera kukula kwa njuchi.

Malangizo

• Apatseni cichlid ndi aquarium wamkulu.
• Pezani malo obiriwira okwanira ndi pogona.
• Bzalani mbeu zolimba ndi mizu yolimba kapena zomera zokha.
• Onani kutentha kwa madzi.
• Osapanga ndalama zamphamvu.
• Madzi omaliza ndi mpweya wambiri.

Chifukwa chosokonezeka ndi dzina la mtunduwu, njuchi ya cichlid imabatizidwa ndi mayina ambiri:

• Rocio octofasciata
• Nandopsis octofasciatum
• Cichlasoma octofasciatus.
• Ngakhale nthabwala zinkamutcha Jack Dempsey, wotchedwa nkhonya wotchuka panthawiyo.

Koma kaya dzina lake ndi lotani, njuchi imatchuka komanso kukondedwa pakati pa asodzi am'madzi. Ndipo, poyambira izi, simudzataya kusankha kwa chiweto.