Limbanani ndi algae ndi hydrogen peroxide. Pali mankhwala omwe ali oyenerera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu aquarium. Ndiwotsika mtengo, wogulitsidwa muma pharmace onse popanda mankhwala a dokotala, ndipo zonse zopanda pakezi ndizamadzi ndi mpweya - hydrogen peroxide. Kukumana kwa yankho la hydrogen peroxide, komwe titha kupeza mu pharmacy, nthawi zambiri amakhala 3%. Izi ndi ndende zomwe ndizoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu aquarium. Mlingo wa hydrogen peroxide ndi 0,05-0.4 wa voliyumu ya aquarium (volarium ya aquarium, mu malita x 0.05 = mlingo wa tsiku, ml). Kwa 3% peroxide, izi zimapatsa 1.5-12 mg / L. Hydrogen peroxide mu ndende imeneyi ndiotetezeka kwathunthu kuti tizilombo tambiri tating'onoting'ono tikhazikikemo ndi kusefa.

Njira yabwino komanso yotetezedwa yoyeretsera zomera ku matenda am'madzi ndikuwononga zonse zachilengedwe, ngakhale Vietnamese. Mlingo - 1.5 mg / l, 6-10 mg / l ndizotheka. Zingwe wamba, ngati ulusi, zimafa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo ndevu zakuda zimafunanso kukonzanso tsiku lotsatira, ndipo zimafa m'masiku ochepa. Kugwiritsa ntchito bulichi ndi chlorine kumakhala poizoni komanso kowopsa kwa mbewu ndi nsomba. Peroxide itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa aquarium yonse kuphatikiza ndi njira yotsikira. Pangani kuzungulira kwamphamvu kwamadzi, ndipo patatha maola ochepa kusintha kwakukulu kwamadzi kumachitika.

Otetezeka amatengedwa ngati zinthu zozama mpaka 15 mg / l kwa maola 48. M'malingaliro oterowo, ndizotetezeka kwathunthu kumakhala mabacteria m'nthaka ndikufinya. Nsomba nthawi zambiri zimalekerera kuchuluka kwa 30 ml pa malita 100 popanda kuvulaza, koma peroxide imatulutsa zofunikira zambiri, zomwe nthawi yomweyo zimatulutsa mpweya wonse m'madzi, chifukwa chake samalani ndi nsomba ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu ndikuthandizira! Ngati, mukamagwiritsa ntchito peroxide, thovu limawonekera paziphuphu zosefera, makoma a aquarium, nsomba ndi mbewu, izi zikutanthauza kuti mlingo wake unali wokwera. Kumaonekera posawoneka bwino kwa ma bubulamu pazoseweretsa zamagetsi ndizovomerezeka.

Osachoka ku aquarium osasamalidwa. Ngati nsombazo zikuyamba kupuma kwambiri, nthawi yomweyo musinthe 50% yamadzi ndikuyatsa mphamvu. Vuto lina lalikulu la peroxide ndi kudzikundikira kwachilengedwe ndi / kapena zolengedwa zakale m'madzi ndi kutulutsidwa kwakukulu kwa ammonia NH4 / ammonia NH3 ndi NO2 nitrites atatha kugwiritsa ntchito. Izi zimatha kupha nsomba. Potere, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse kuipitsa kwa nitrate ndi phosphate m'madzi musanagwiritse ntchito. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa mlingo wa 6-10 mg / l, pangani njira yolimba ndi aeration, ndipo mutatha maola angapo m'malo 50% yamadzi. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, chotsani moyenera momwe zingathere mtchire womwe umamwalira nthawi zambiri ndikusintha madzi ambiri.

Ngati wanu wa m'madzi ali ndi mbewu zomwe mumakonda, ndiye kuti simungathe kupitilira muyeso wa 20 ml pa malita 100 kamodzi patsiku. Mukapitirira muyeso wa 15 mg / l peroxide, mutha kupha mbewu zazitali zazitali zazitali ndi masamba odulidwa bwino. Zomera zouma zolimba zitha kuwomboledwa kangapo mu njira yosakanikirana yokhazikika ya 40 ml kwa malita 100, kwa mphindi 40-60. Zotsatira za glutaraldehyde pazomera zazitali zimakhala zofewa. Yang'anani ma cichlids! Pa pH yayikulu (> 7.2-7.5), mphamvu ya peroxide imakhala yowopsa, chifukwa paHH yayitali kwambiri gawo lalikulu la ammonia NH4 limasinthidwa kukhala ammonia NH3, yomwe imakhala poizoni kakhumi!

Glutaraldehyde. Wothandizira wamkulu pokonza malo osungiramo nyama okhala ndi zomera ndi glutaraldehyde. Si gwero la CO2 chomera zokha, kusintha kosunthika mu ndende (kumalimbikitsa kukula kwa algae), komanso algicide yamphamvu komanso yopanda vuto lililonse (imapha algae). Pakulowetsa mu aquarium, mumasunga algae, nthawi yomweyo, "ndikukhomerera dzanja lanu" kuti mupange mulingo woyenera wa feteleza, onetsetsani kupezeka kwa CO2, muzolowere kusintha kwa madzi komanso kudula kwakanthawi mbewu. Mukaphunzira, mudzafunikira pokhapokha kuthamangitsa kutayika kwa algae mukangoyambitsa aquarium yatsopano kapena ayi.

Posachedwa, Seachem Flourish Excel (glutaraldehyde) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera algae ndipo ikuwoneka kuti imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri motsutsana ndi mitundu ina ya algae. Kuti muvulaze kwambiri mwala, mutha kumwa mankhwalawa mogwirizana ndi malangizo, kapena kawiri kapena katatu katatu m'milungu iwiri. Excel makamaka imapha algae wofiira, koma imakhudza Cladophora, Staghorn, filament.

Excel imakhudza mbewu zina - Egeria densa, Riccia, Vallisneria. Ena amafotokoza za Excel pa shrimp ndi otocinclus. Ndi mlingo woyenera, glutaraldehyde amathandizira kuchotsa algae onse, ngakhale pazovuta kwambiri, popanda zotsatira zovulaza zamitundu yambiri, nsomba, ma invertebrates, popanda kuvulaza kwachilengedwe. Chofunikira china ndikuti kuwonjezera kwa glutaraldehyde sikukhudza pH yamadzi mu aquarium.

Monga chinthu yogwira, njira ya 2,5% ya glutaraldehyde imagwiritsidwa ntchito - chinthu chovuta kwambiri chachilengedwe chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala komanso mano pakuwongolera zida zoziziritsa kukhosi, komanso pakukonzekera kukonzekera ma maikulosikopu a elekitironi. Ndi gawo lolimba kwambiri la mankhwala osokoneza bongo a glutaraldehyde omwe mwachidziwikire amapereka zoyipa. Glutaraldehyde ndi yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali m'madzi ambiri, komanso kwa chithandizo chokhazikika chokhazikika cha mbewu kuti athetse algae, nkhono, mazira, kapena matenda osiyanasiyana. Ubwino wowonjezereka wa njirayi ndikuti glutaraldehyde ndi othandizira kuchepetsa komanso amathandizira kuteteza chitsulo ku oxidation.

Glutaraldehyde poyambirira amakhala otakataka, koma amataya msanga ntchito pakapita nthawi ndikuwonjezeranso chinthu china cha activator, chomwe chimaperekedwa mumtsuko wina. Kutsegula ndikofunikira kokha kwa samatenthetsa zida zamankhwala, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mu aquarium, sitikufuna, ndipo 2,5% glutaraldehyde yankho lokha lingathe kusungidwa kwa zaka ziwiri. Chifukwa chake, atagula malita 5. mbiya ya Cidex (ndikofunikira kuti musalakwitse apa - palinso Cidex OPA momwe m'malo mwa glutaraldehyde mfundo yosiyana kwathunthu) ikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yopanda malire.

Kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse kwa 5 ml pa malita 100, imfa yodziwika ya algae yokhala m'madzimo simumachitika. Nsomba zonse zimamva bwino. Ndikuganiza kuti mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yothandizira. Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito tsiku lililonse kwa 12 ml pa malita 100, zitsamba zobiriwira zimasowa mkati mwa masiku 7-10. Glass aquarium mwina sikukuza chilichonse, ngati kulibe buluu. Nsombazi zikumverera bwino. Ndikhulupirira kuti ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo chotere kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mukamagwiritsa ntchito 20 ml ya malita 100, maluwawa onse amafa mkati mwa masiku 5-7, kupatula mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira ndi wakuda. Nsomba zina zimayamba kuwonetsa kusowa kwa chakudya kwa okosijeni mkati mwa maola 3-5 mutatha kupanga mankhwalawo. Ndikuwonjezera kuti nsomba zimalekezera kukula kwakukulu kwa glutaraldehyde bwino kwambiri ngati simuphatikiza zonse nthawi imodzi, koma pang'onopang'ono. Ngati cholinga ndikulimbana ndi algae, nthawi zambiri theka la tsiku limagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo, ndikutsalanso dontho kwa maola angapo.

Cidex imayambitsidwa m'mawa uliwonse pamene kuwala kwatseguka (glutaraldehyde mu aquarium disintegrates ndi 50% mumaola 12, kusowa kwathunthu pambuyo pa maola 48), kutsitsa kale

Njira yodulira. Chinsinsi chake ndikuti mupeze chisa m'madzi masiku atatu, kutembenuka ndi kusiya kupezeka kwa CO2. Izi zimapha mwala nthawi yomweyo, ndipo mbewuzo sizimavulaza konse. Izi zimagwetsa phokoso lazakudya zamtchire, ndipo popanda photosynthesis, popanda chakudya, amafa msanga. Nthawi yomweyo, Caridina multidentata ndi Otocinclus (mdimawo siziwulepheretsa iwo) idyani mwala ndi kuwonongeka algae, kuwaletsa kufalitsa spores zatsopano. Mwanjira imeneyi, simungaphe kosatha kwamuyaya. Ma Algal spores amakhala pamiyeso yotsika kwambiri, ndipo amatha kukhala mumdima wathunthu mpaka chaka chimodzi. Ngati mu aquarium sipamakhalanso kusalinganika ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono ka mbewu - the algae ibwerera.

Zomera zapamwamba kwambiri, zomwe zimapitilira pamenepo, zimakhalabe ndi moyo, koma zofunikira kwambiri ndizoyenera kuzichotsa mu aquarium. Zachidziwikire, nsomba zimapitilitsabe kudyetsedwa nthawi ino, koma kuti zakudya zonse zidyedwe. Titha kunena kuti kudetsa kwamdima kwathunthu kwa masiku angapo ndi njira yokhayo yolamulira algae, pomwe mbewu zapamwamba, pomwe zambiri zimapulumuka, kenako zimakula. Kupititsa patsogolo kwakukulu kwa njira yocheperako ndiko kukhazikitsidwa kwa Seachem Flourish Excel kapena Glutaraldehyde. M'mbuyomu, hydrogen peroxide idagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomwezi. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupereka Excel / Glutaraldehyde ngati mulibe Caridina multidentata kapena Red Cher.

Mutha kuyesa mumdambo ndi chinsalu chakuda kwambiri, zikwama zamtundu wakuda mumagulu awiri kapena atatu. • 1) Chotsani mwanzeru zambiri za algae momwe mungathere, kudula masamba odzala. • 2) Yeretsani fyuluta. Ngati pansi panali mwala wabuluu wobiriwira - siphon. • 3) Sinthani madzi ndi 50%. • 4) Yatsani magetsi, CO2 kupereka, kuyatsa aeration (kufunikira). • 5) Pangani kuzungulira bwino kwamadzi. • 6) Mutha kumeza mdima m'madzi. • 7) Thirani Seachem Excel mu - 8 ml pa 50 l ya madzi, Glutaraldehyde ku ndende yomweyo (osaposa 5 mg / l, kapena hydrogen peroxide mpaka 15 mg / l). Musapitirire muyeso wa Excel / Glutaraldehyde - mudzapha shrimp ndi nsomba. • Tsiku lotsatira, ikani madzi 50% ndikuwonjezeranso Excel / Glutaraldehyde / Peroxide. • 9) Pa tsiku lachitatu chimodzimodzi. 10) • Pa tsiku lachinayi, yatsani magetsi, CO2 magetsi (onjezerani pang'onopang'ono, masiku angapo!), Onjezani nayitrogeni / phosphorous kuti mubwezeretse mphamvu ya mbewu. Nsomba sizimachita khungu m'njira iliyonse.

Ngati pali ma alfa ambiri ponseponse mu aquarium, ndibwino kuti muwakweze ndi ukonde, sonkhanitsani matope kuchokera panthaka, ndikutsuka fyuluta patatha maola ochepa kuti muchepetse kutulutsa kwa ammonia / ammonia. Osadetsa nkhawa zakumadzi kwa masiku opitilira atatu, apo ayi mudzataya mbewu zambiri, makamaka zazitali kwambiri! Kugwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide kapena glutaraldehyde, wokhala ndi algae yambiri, mu aquarium kumayendetsedwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwaposachedwa kwa NO2 ndi ammonium NH4 (ndipo pamtunda wa pH yambiri ammonia NH3 imapangidwa) kuchokera ku minofu yowonongeka, yomwe ingayambitse poyizoni wa nsomba ndi ma invertebrates. Osazimitsa biofilter, nthawi zambiri kusintha madzi, ndikuchotsa alfa ambiri momwe ungathere.

Kuchita bwino pang'onopang'ono pakuwongolera zachilengedwe kungatheke ndi maantibayotiki ndi utoto wosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zinthuzi nthawi zina kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Milandu ya m'madzi siyanso vuto. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yomaliza, ndipo ngakhale pamenepo, mwatsoka, sizingatheke kukhala ndi zotsatirapo. Komabe, zimapweteketsa kuposa zabwino: Nthawi zambiri mu Mlingo womwe umayamwa algae amavulaza nsomba ndi mbewu pochotsa algae, samachotsa zomwe zimachitika ndipo patapita nthawi zonse zidzachitikanso, ndikuwononga gulu la mabakiteriya omwe amapereka mzere wa nayitrogeni. M'munda wazomera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala “oopsa” ndi osafunika chifukwa izi zitha kuwononga mbewu. Komabe, kwa okonda zoyeserera:

Kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki (penicillin, bicillin-5, streptomycin, erythromycin) kumakhala kothandiza nthawi zambiri, koma nthawi zina kugwiritsa ntchito imodzi mwazomwezi kumapereka zotsatira zabwino. Maantibayotiki ayenera kusankhidwa poyesa. Zabwino

Kufotokozera

M'malo osungira okhala ndi chilengedwe chokhazikika, namsongole amapezeka pang'ono. Ndizoyenera kuda nkhawa mukakumana ndi kukula kwawo mwachangu. Nthawi zambiri pamakoma a aquarium pamakhala maluwa obiriwira, njira zothanirana ndi zomwe zimakambidwa munkhani ina. Kuti muthane ndi zomerazo m'madzimo, ndikofunikira kudziwa mtundu wa algae. Chifukwa chake mwatsimikizika kuti muchotse zinyalala zam'munda ndipo musavulaze anthu ena okhala munyesiyo.

Zifukwa za maonekedwe

1. Kuphwanya kapena kusowa kwa biobalance. Ngati aquarium ili ndi chakudya chambiri (udzu wosokonekera, wosadziwika, zinyalala za nsomba ndi zakudya zotsalira), namsongole amakhala ndi zakudya zambiri. Kuchulukitsa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kumachitika chifukwa chachulukirachulukira, kusowa kosowa kwa malo am'madzi ndi nsomba zochuluka.
2. Zowonjezera kapena kuchepa kwa phosphorous ndi nitrate. Zomera zapamwamba sizitha kuthana ndi feteleza ochulukirapo, kotero ma phosphates ndi nitrate amadyedwa ndi algae. Komanso kuchepa kwa michere kumakhala malo abwino a namsongole.
3. Kuchulukirapo kapena kusowa kwa kuwala. Ndi kutalika kwa tsiku, masamba obiriwira otsika amayamwa kuwala kwambiri, ndipo mbewu zimafooka. Kuperewera kwa kuwala kumapangitsanso kuti mitundu ya maudzu ifalikire.
4. Magetsi olakwika osiyanasiyana. Zomera zapamwamba zimafunikira kuunika kwa buluu ndi mfundo zowoneka bwino. Namsongole amakonda kuwala kwachikaso kotentha komwe kumayatsidwa ndi nyali za incandescent komanso kuwala kwa dzuwa.

Wofiirira kapena diatomu

Mtundu wa bulauni umawoneka ngati zolemba pamakoma a aquarium, masamba ndi dothi. Zabwino kuvula ndi zomera. Nthawi zambiri zimawonekera mu aquarium kwa oyamba kumene chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwa biobalance komanso kusowa kwa kuwala. Mchere wa Aquarium umasamba m'madzi olimba ndi pH pamwamba pa 7.5. Popewa kukula, sinthani babu ndi mphamvu ina yayikulu kwambiri kapena onjezerani kwina. Mukapukuta bulangeti lofiirira, limagona khola lalikulu, lomwe limavuta kuligwira.

Algae wofiira kapena algae wakuda

Amakula m'magulu amtundu wamtundu, wofiirira kapena wofiyira mautoto wokhala ndi kutalika pafupifupi 5 mm. Amadziwikanso kuti ofiira. Zimamera pamalo onse, mumchere ndi madzi abwino. Mitengo ya kapezi ndiyovuta kuchotsa. Amakonda madzi olimba ndi magetsi amphamvu. Kukonzekera kwa Glutaraldehyde kumakhala kothandiza motsutsana nawo limodzi ndi kusintha kwamadzi sabata iliyonse mpaka 50% ndikuyeretsa kwathunthu.

Ndevu zakuda

Amamera m'magulu akuda. "Ndevu" nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi "Vietnamese", komwe si vuto lalikulu, chifukwa njira zakuchotsera ma grasitic amadyera ndizofanana. Ngati mukuzindikira kuti tsitsi lakuda laoneka pazomera mu aquarium, onani zomwe zalembedwazo pa njira zolimbana ndi ndevu zakuda.

Mchere ndi chiyani

Ambiri oyambira m'madzi am'madzi amati mitundu yonse yazomera zam'madzi zimatha kukhala zokha. Malingaliro awa ndi olakwika. Zomera zomwe zimamera mu aquarium ndizoyimira kwambiri mmunda wa mbewu: ma fern, mosses ndi udzu. Algae (algoflora) akuphatikiza mitundu ya moyo wotsika.

Ili ndi gulu lalikulu la heterogenible lomwe limagwirizanitsa mitundu yachilengedwe, mitundu yambiri ya mitundu ndi mitundu ya zinthu zomwe zimakhala makamaka m'madzi am'madzi. Sikuti onse ndi mbewu.

Samatuluka pena paliponse, koma amagwera mumtsuko wokhala ndi madzi, nyama zatsopano, zitsanzo zamasamba, chakudya, miyala, zibowo. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yambiri yamitundu yonse imakhalapo mlengalenga.

Algae mu aquarium imatha kupha mbewu.

M'mikhalidwe yabwino, kukula kwawo kwachangu kumayamba, ndikuti:

• mawonekedwe okongola a m'madzi asokonezeka,
• mawonekedwe amkati pamakoma, madzi amakhala amtambo, obiriwira kapena achikasu,
• pali fungo losasangalatsa
• fyuluta yophimba
• Zomera ndi nsomba zimafa.

Kukula kwa Algal kumawonetsa kuchepa kwamadzi, kusalingalira bwino mu biocenosis.

Palinso mitundu ina yothandiza yomwe imakhala yokhala ndi ma biofilters, magawo ochita kupanga ndi kubadwa amoyo, pogona mwachangu. Ma macroalgae ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu aquascaping.

Zosiyanasiyana za Aquarium Algae

Pali mitundu masauzande a algae.

Mitundu wamba ya aquarium:

• ma diatomu
• zofiirira
• wobiriwira
• ofiira (ofiira),
• buluu wobiriwira (cyanobacteria).

Kusankha kwadongosolo lotsogolera mwanzeru mu aquarium zimatengera omwe ali mgulu la amisonkho.

Nthawi zambiri, diatoms amapanga bwino m'madzi am'madzi ndipo amakhudza mbewu.

Ma diatomu

Ndizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi ma microscopic unicellular ophatikizidwa ndi chipolopolo cha silicon. Nthawi zina kuphatikizidwa m'magulu. Wokhoza kubisa ntchofu. Nthawi zambiri amalumikizana ndi malo osiyanasiyana, opanga zobiriwira zakuda, zachikaso kapena zamtundu wama brown, zomwe zimalumikizana ndikupanga zazikulu. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'mizinda yatsopano yam'madzi. Amakula bwino m'malo otsika.

Kuchotsa ma diatoms kumatha kukhala kopusitsika. Ndikofunikira kukonza kuwunikira, kusunga kutentha pa + 25 ° C, kusintha kusintha kwa madzi, malo oyera, kukonza masitayilo (kuchotsa miyala yokongoletsera, gwiritsani ntchito fayilo yapadera).

Brown

Algae algae mu aquarium pazomera.

Nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi ma diatomu, ngakhale akuimira gulu lina. Izi ndi zinthu za flagellum, imodzi mwa magawo omwe chitukuko chake ndi mawonekedwe apadziko lapansi. Amakhala makamaka munyanja, koma pali mitundu yambiri yamadzi abwino. Mtundu wake umatsimikiziridwa ndi mtundu wa bulauni, wokutira utoto wina.

Amapezeka kawirikawiri, makamaka ana acacacos. Amapanga zovala zofiirira zofiirira zagalasi, miyala, mabatani, zinthu zokongoletsera, zomera. Kusankhidwa kolakwika kwa magetsi kungapangitse chitukuko chawo. Plaque imachotsedwa pamakina komanso mothandizidwa ndi oyeretsa amoyo.

Mitundu ya alarium algae yokhala ndi chithunzi

Monga tanenera kale, pali mitundu yambiri ya algae. Pali mitundu yopitilira 3,000! Pansipa pali algae wodziwika kwambiri, zifukwa zomwe akuwonekera mu aquarium ndi mawonekedwe a munthu payekha kuti athetse mavuto nawo.

Koma, gulu loyamba. Pokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa algal, adangogawanika ndi mtundu wa thallus (thallus) kukhala:

- Diatoms - Diatomeae,
- Algae walawa - Phaeophceae,
- Green algae - Chlorophceae,
- Mwala wobiriwira wobiriwira - Xantophceae,
- Red algae - Rhodophceae,
- Golden Algae - Chrysophceae,
- Mwala wobiriwira wobiriwira - Cynophceae,

Green

Idipatimenti iyi ya zomerazi imaphatikizapo zonse ziwiri zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu mitundu. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kupezeka kwa chlorophyll, yomwe imapereka mtundu wobiriwira wa maselo. Oimira ambiri amatsogolera moyo pokhapokha pa chitukuko, kenako amakula m'malire.

Kuwonekera mumawonekedwe amakanidwe amakanidwe, kanema wobiriwira pamakoma kapena pansi, ulusi, zingwe. Mikhalidwe yoyenera kwambiri yakukula kwawo ndi kutentha thupi, maola ambiri masana, mpweya wambiri, phosphates ndi nitrate.

Mtundu wobiriwira

Izi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda titha kutulutsa photosynthesis. Dipatimenti ya cyanobacteria imaphatikizapo mitundu yosakhala yacellular, colonic, filimu. Mtundu wawo umasiyanasiyana kutalika mpaka kukhala mtundu wabuluu. Amapanga zophimba zobiriwira zobiriwira pagalasi, nthaka, mbewu, ndizomwe zimayendetsa madzi, kutulutsa fungo losasangalatsa, kumapangitsa malo am'madzi. Mitundu ina imatulutsa poizoni.

Mwala wobiriwira wobiriwira umapangidwa chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwanyanja kwamadzi mu aquarium ndikuwunikira kwambiri.

Kukula mwachangu kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana:

1. Zochuluka zowonjezera chifukwa cha nsomba zochuluka.
2. Mulingo wa pH ndi 7.5-9.5.
3. Kuthandiza kosakwanira.
4. Kuwala kwakukuru.
5. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwa madzi.
6. Ochulukirapo feteleza.

Poletsa ntchito yawo, magawo angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikizapo kukonza makina, kuwonjezera mpweya, kubzala mbewu zomwe zikukula msanga, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki ndi antiseptics.

Zosangalatsa

Fananizani ndi algae wobiriwira.

1. Kladofora. Ili ndi kapangidwe kake kamene kamakhala kutalika kwa masentimita 2-3. Imapangidwa nthawi yayitali yamadzi ndikusowa kwa macronutrients.
2. Edogonium. Imawoneka ngati kansalu wobiriwira pamasamba kapena dothi, kenako imapatsa ulusi wautali. Chimakula ndikusowa kwa macronutrients.
3. Rhizoclonium. Zikuwoneka mu malo osungika kumene am'madzi amtundu wamtambo woterera wobiriwira. Cholinga chake ndi kuzungulira kwa nayitrogeni wosakhazikika.

Spirogyra ilinso ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino, ngakhale satanthauza zobiriwira, koma alofitovye algae. Kukula kwake mwachangu kumadziwika m'kuwala kolimba, kusayerekezeka kwa zinthu zowonjezera mchere, ndikuwonjezera zinthu zachilengedwe.

Ndikwabwino kuchotsa ulusi pamanja. Kukula kwake kumachepetsedwa ndi mbewu zomwe zikukula bwino. Nthawi zambiri ankayesa kuchepa kwa masiku atatu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Gulu la algae Compsopogon

Umu ndi mtundu wa algae wofiira, wotchedwanso ndevu zakuda. Ndi njira yofooka yokhala ngati mafineti osasunthika mpaka 15-20 mm. Mtundu wawo umakhala wakuda mpaka wobiriwira. Amakonda zikhalidwe zamadzimadzi, amakula ma nthito m'maselo awo am'mimba, ndikuwononga kapangidwe kotsirizira. Chifukwa chake, amafunika kuchotsedwa pokhapokha ndi masamba omwe akhudzidwa.

Nthawi zambiri, ndevu zakuda zimasokonezedwa ndi algae wina wofiira wotchedwa Vietnamese (mtundu wa Audouinella). Ndizosiyana mwanjira ina: Mitambo yake yofiyira kapena yofiirira yakula imakhala yaying'ono. M'malo ena akunja, mtunduwu umatchedwa ndevu zakuda, ndipo tizilombo tosiyanasiyana ta m'madzi otchedwa aquarium, omwe mu aquarium yakunyumba amatchedwa ndevu zakuda, amatchedwa nyanga ya agwape m'mabuku achingerezi.

Mitundu yonseyi imayambitsa mavuto ambiri ndipo ndizovuta kuyichotsa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kupezeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa nsomba, kuchotsa nkhono, kuzimitsa zida zomwe zimayambitsa kutuluka, kusunga ukhondo, kusinthana ndi madzi, kuonjezera kutuluka kwa kaboni dayokisi.

Algae kuchokera ku compsopogon detachment nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "ndevu", chifukwa amakula mumtunda wokulirapo.

Kuchepetsa

Zomera zambiri zimafuna kuwala kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, malo osungirako miyala samayenera kuyikidwa pazenera, kumaso kwa windows ndi m'malo ena komwe kuwala kodzuwa kumakhala kopita maola oposa 2 patsiku.

Kuunikira mu aquarium nthawi yamadzulo kumatha kupangitsa kuti ziziwoneka.

Kuchepetsa kutalika kwa maola masana mpaka maola 8 pazomera zokongoletsera sikuwonetsedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo kwa mphukira zosafunikira nthawi zambiri zimakhala zakufa.

Nthawi zina kuwala kumachotsedwa kwathunthu kwa masiku angapo, kukhazikitsa compressor kuti ipereke mpweya wabwino kwa nsomba, chifukwa mbewu mumdima sizichita ntchito imeneyi. Njira imeneyi ndi yothandiza, mwachitsanzo, m'madzi oyenda.

Kuwala kwakukuru kumayenera kukhala kwapakati, muyeso ndi 0.5 Watts pa 1 lita. Kuwala kochulukirapo kumakwiyitsa maonekedwe a algae wobiriwira, ndikuchepa kwake kwa bulauni ndi diatoms.

Nthawi zina, muyenera kusankha nyali kutengera mawonekedwe. Mwachitsanzo, kuwala kwamtambo (wavelength 600 nm) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwakanthawi kochepa kuti athane ndi ndevu zakuda.

Njira yowunikira yowoneka bwino ndiyabwino kwambiri. Mukukhalabe ndi nthawi yayitali masana m'mawa komanso madzulo, muyenera kuchepetsa kuunika pang'ono ndi theka.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba ndi nkhono kudya algae

Pali nyama zambiri zomwe zimadya algae.

Nsomba za Ototsinklus affinis zimadyera pa algae ndikuyeretsa aquarium.

Mwa nsomba, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa:

• Odyera za alamishi a Siamese (Crossocheilus siamensis, Epalzeorhynchos siamensis, SAE), anzawo aku India (IAE),
• otocinclus (Otocinclus),
• malupanga, agalu, maollies ndi oyimira ena a banja la Peciliae (Poeciliidae),
• Jordanella
• Gastromyzon (Gastromyzon),
• trophies (Tropheus),
• hypostomus (Hypostomus).

Nsomba zina zimatha kusinthana ndi zokometsera zokongoletsera.

Izi ndizofanana ndi mitundu monga:

• Girinocheylus (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri), amatchedwanso othandizira algae achi China, kapena KAE,
• Anthistrus catfish (Ancistrus),
• pterygoplichty (Pterygoplichthys), etc.

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito nyama zina zomwe zimayeretsa malo osiyanasiyana pazomera zamtunda wa algal. Madzi akatuluka, mabatani kapena gulu lalikulu la daphnia lingathandize. Amano shrimp (Caridina multidentata, dzina lakale C. japonica) amalimbana ndi mitundu yambiri ya algoflora. Zithandizanso kuyeretsa magulu a mpira wamiyendo khumi ndi iwiri kuchokera pakuwonekera posachedwa, kuti abwerere ku zomwe adawakongoletsa kale.

Mu magawo oyamba a kubuka, nkhono (ma ampoules, coils, theodoxuses, ndi zina) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Koma ndi zilonda zoopsa, sizothandiza nthawi zonse.

Kugwiritsa ntchito msimba wokula msanga

Aquarium akumenyera kupepuka, kaboni dayoksidi, michere, michere. Apa algoflora amasiya kutulutsa zitsamba zam'madzi kwambiri.

Pofuna kuthana ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu, mulinso mitundu yayitali yolimbitsidwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

Zomera siziyenera kubzalidwa; mutha kuwonjezera mafayilo oyandama, monga Hornwort, mfuti, elodea, ndi zina.

Kuphatikiza zitsamba ndi zowonjezera zamafuta ndi michere zimayenera kukhala zochokera.

Ludwigs (kumanzere), Hygrophils (pakati), Wallisneria (kumanja) amatha kulimbana ndi algae chifukwa cha kukula kwawo msanga, amafunikira michere yambiri, yomwe algae itasowa ndikukula.

Njira zamankhwala

Ma Algicides amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira zina zodziyeretsera sizinagwire ntchito. Izi ndi mankhwala omwe amapanga herbicidal kapena biocidal.

• amachititsa manyazi - amasintha ma phosphates kukhala mawonekedwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito, acidified chilengedwe, amachita pang'onopang'ono, osagwira ntchito molimbika,
• oxidants - amapha algae ndi spores awo, zimawononga mbewu ndi microflora yabwino,
• biocides - antiseptics ndi kukonzekera kwa zinc kapena mkuwa, chitanipo kanthu msanga, koma kupinikiza mbewu, kukhumudwitsa bwino biocenosis,
• Maantibayotiki - gwiritsani ntchito algae wobiriwira wobiriwira,
• zeol ndi zunguzi zachilengedwe zomwe zimachotsa ma phosphates m'madzi,
• Kukonzekera kochokera ku glutaraldehyde - kungakhudze mbewu, zina sizotetezeka ku shrimp.

Awagwiritse ntchito mosamala, mogwirizana ndi malangizo, kutsatira malangizo omwe aperekedwa. Ma algaecides amadziwe am'madzi okongoletsera sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mpweya wa kaboni

Kuchulukitsidwa kwa kaboni dayokisai kumathandizira kukula kwa mbewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziletso za algal. Mulingo wake woyenera ndi 10-20 mg / l. Ndende yomwe mukufuna imasankhidwa payekha. Sichikhala chofunikira pa mitundu ya nsomba yomwe ilipo. Pankhaniyi, ndikofunikira kukhalabe pH yokhazikika ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mtengo wake sukugwera pansi 6. Ngati palibe zokongoletsera kapena sizinapangidwe bwino, kuyenda kwa kaboni dayokisi kuyenera kuyimitsidwa.

Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide (3%) imawonjezeredwa ndi madzi pamlingo wa 1.5-2.5 ml pa malita 10.

Ndi superoxidant yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi cyanobacteria, ndevu zakuda ndi Vietnamese. Yankho la 3% limagwiritsidwa ntchito pa madzi a 1.5-2,5 ml pa 10 l yamadzi. Ndikwabwino kuyilowetsa ndi syringe yopanda singano m'malo mokhala ndi vuto losafunikira.

Masamba omwe amakhudzidwa amachotsedwa kale. Gwiritsani ntchito malonda mosamala ndikuphatikiza ndi zochitika zina.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphera tizilombo toyesa mabotolo, madzi, zokongoletsera, zida. Itha kukhala yoyera, yankho la bleach 5% kapena chloramine 3%. Zowopsa zawo pa microflora, zomera ndi nyama ziyenera kukumbukiridwa. Chlorine ndi wosasunthika, wotuluka kuchokera kumadzi pamene akukhala. Muyenera kudikirira osachepera masiku 1-2. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera kuti muchotse msanga.

Zakudya zam'madzi

Zowonjezera zachilengedwe zimapanga zinthu zabwino pakupanga algoflora. Zakudya zambiri zimapangidwa m'madzi chifukwa cha nsomba zochuluka. Kuti muchepetse zomwe zili mumankhwala okhala ngati organic, chakudya chamoyo kapena chosapanga dzira zipatsidwe, ndipo gawo lake liyenera kukhala lochepera.

Mofananamo, kusintha kwamadzi pafupipafupi kumachitika (katatu pa sabata, osachepera 20%), kukhalabe aukhondo. Nitrogen wambiri ndi phosphorous amachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zina zapadera monga Aqua Medic antiphos kapena Tetra NitrateMinus Ngale.

Glutaraldehyde

Chipangizochi chikuwonetsa zinthu zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Imasweka m'madzi masana ndikutulutsa kaboni dayokisaidi. Polimbana ndi ndevu zakuda ndi nyanga ya agwape, ndi othandiza kwambiri kuposa njira zina, sizikhudza mikangano.

Glutaraldehyde ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amatha kuwonjezeredwa ndi madzi.

Izi pazomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi 2,5% ndi gawo la mankhwala osiyanasiyana:

• Sidex,
• Aquayer Algicide + CO2,
• Professional Algae Killer,
• ZMF Algo siyani kukonza, etc.

Asanagwiritse ntchito, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kuti azichotsa mbali yooneka ngati ili ndi matenda ndikufinya dothi momwe mungathere. Mlingo wa prophylactic chithandizo cha voliyumu ya 100 l ndi 3 ml, wokhala ndi zofowoka - 5 ml, wotchulidwa - 10-12 ml.

Ndalamayi ndiyotetezeka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali. Odwala amene atakula, mlingo wowirikiza umathandizidwa posachedwa kapena kamodzi. Ndi zofunika kuwonjezera aeration.

Momwe mungayeretsere aquarium komanso kangati

Kukula kwa njirayi kumatengera zinthu zingapo:

1. Kukula kwa aquarium. Matanki okhala ndi malita 10-20 ayenera kutsukidwa sabata iliyonse, kuchokera ku malita 100 - osachepera 1 nthawi pamwezi.
2. Chiwerengero cha nyama. Zambiri za izo, chilengedwe chimadetsedwa mwachangu.
3. Mulingo woyenera wa biocenosis. Ngati zotsalazo zasokonekera, kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitidwa pafupipafupi.
4. Kusamalidwa koyenera. Zolakwika zamtunduwu zimayambitsanso kuipitsa msanga.

Ndiye kuyeretsa komwe kumakonzedwa ndikusintha pang'ono kwa madzi. Sakonda kutsuka aquarium kwathunthu, osapitirira nthawi imodzi mu zaka zingapo, chifukwa biobalance yokhazikitsidwa imaphwanyidwa. Izi zimachitidwanso tisanakhazikitsidwe kwatsopano ndipo, ngati pakufunika, kudziwitsidwa bwino kwazomwe zikuwoneka m'madzi omwe alipo kale.

Chobolera chapadera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa galasi la aquarium, ndipo zinthu zokongoletsera zimayenera kutsukidwa ndi manja ndikuthira tizilombo to glutaraldehyde.

Zochitika mwadongosolo ndizophatikiza:

• kuyeretsa khoma ndi chivindikiro kapena zovala
• kukonza zodzikongoletsera,
• kudula ndi kuwonda kwa masamba,
• siphon dothi
• kuchapa zosefera m'madzi a aquarium,
• nyale zopukutira ndi mateyala,
• Kuchotsa kwa 15-30% ya buku lamadzi ndikulowetsa gawo loyenerera lamadzi otetezedwa mwatsopano.

Kukonza miyala, zokongoletsera, zida, mbewu zimachitika pofunikira. Zojambula kapena zoyeretsera sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Musanayambe ndondomekoyi, ndikofunikira kuzimitsa zonse zamagetsi kupatulapo zosefera zakunja, ndikumbukiranso kuyiyambitsanso.

Kuyeretsa kwathunthu (kwathunthu) kumafunanso kuyambiranso kwadongosolo. Ma algorithm ophedwa amapulumutsidwa. Nsomba ndi nyama zina zimayikidwa mnyumba zakanthawi. Chitani zomwezo ndi mbewu. Atengeni mosamala kuti asawononge mizu. Dothi limathandizidwa ndi kutentha kapena kusinthidwa ndi lina. Chitsulacho chimatsukidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, kenako nkuwuma kwa maola osachepera 24. Ndikofunika kuwira kufufuza.

Kuteteza Kwa Algae

Njira zazikulu zopewera kuwoneka ngati algae zimaphatikizapo izi:

1. Kuyika Aquarium m'malo abwino, kusowa kwa kuwala kambiri.
2. Kupanga zabwino kwambiri kuti mbewu za udzu zikule.
3. Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza kwa michere, kuchuluka koyenera kwa zinthu zazing'ono komanso zazikulu.
4. Kuongolera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Nsomba zizidya mokwanira.
5. Kusunga ukhondo. Ndikofunikira kuchotsa zolembera kuchokera kugalasi, miyala, ziboliboli, kuchotsa zinthu zakufa za mbeu, komanso kupewa kupindika pansi.
6. Kugwirizana ndi kutentha kwa boma. Madzi sayenera kukhala otentha + 24 ... + 26 ° С.
7. Kuwongolera kwa pH ndikuwongolera kayendedwe ka kaboni kaboni.
8. Kusunga kwachilengedwe, kuphatikizapo bakiteriya, pakupanga biocenosis.
9. Kuyendera zamasamba matenda, kukhazikitsidwa kwake munthawi yoyenera. Ikani mitundu yatsopano yazomera ndi nyama.
10. Kugwiritsa ntchito zodyera zamtchire kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa algal.

Kuphatikizika kwa njirazi kumapewe kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.

Xenococus

Kunja, xenococus amawoneka ngati madontho obiriwira pagalasi, ndikupanga zolembera. Amawoneka azitsamba obzalidwa kwambiri ndi malo osambira opanda madzi. Zomwe zimachitika: kuwala kowonjezera komanso mpweya wochepa wa mpweya.

Algae akulimbana ndi nsomba

"Ogwira ntchito zaukhondo" awa amapezeka kawirikawiri m'mizinda yamchere.

Makamaka "oyeretsa" abwino ndi awa:

• pterigoplicht (magazade catfish),
• othandistrus wamba,
• otocinclus (amtundu wamtambo), yemwe amakonda ma diatoms.

Amayeretsa chilichonse ndi kapu yawo yonyowa (kanema wa bakiteriya, mafuta ochokera ku algae, zinthu zina zoipitsa), kuyambira pamakoma a aquarium, dothi, miyala ndikutha ndi snags ndi masamba akuluakulu azomera. Kuphatikiza apo, iwonso ndi osazindikira, komwe ndi kuphatikiza.

• Mwachitsanzo, wamkulu pterigoplicht amatha kukula mpaka 40-45 masentimita ndikuyamba kuchita nkhanza kwa anthu ena.
• Pokhala ndi chakudya chosakwanira, eni ake omwe ali ndi "makapu oyamwa" amatha kuyamba kudzidyetsa okha ndi nsomba zazikulu zomwe zimayenda pang'onopang'ono zomwe zimagwidwa usiku.
• Nthawi zina nsomba za mphaka, zomwe zimafunitsitsa kuyeretsa, zimawonongera timinofu tating'ono kapena timabowo tating'ono masamba.
• Ndipo anthu ena omwe ali ndi zaka amayamba kukhala aulesi komanso osakwaniritsa "ntchito" zawo.

Kalulu wamatchuke kapena otocinclus-- wowonda wadyera kuchokera kubanja lamatcheni amakalata amakhala bwino ndi ma diatoms a bulauni. Gulu la nsomba zisanu zitha kusunga mafuta okwanira 100 litre. "Dwarf" wosazindikira, wamtendere, wokhoza kuyanjana ngakhale ndi adani ambiri.

"Janitor", yomwe imatha kuwonedwa pafupipafupi, koma izi sizipanga zovuta: nyumba yachifumu, ya banja la chain-mail catfish. Nsomba yayikulu, yomwe mukufuna ma litre 200 (osachepera) aquarium. Achichepere amakhala odekha, koma ndi msinkhu wawo mawonekedwe awo amawonongeka. Khalani bwino ndi ma characin amtendere. Malo abwino kwambiri a Panak.

Kapu yotsekera yomwe ma tamba amanjenje amachotsa zokongola kuchokera pamalo owonekera.

Garinheyl

Banjali limaphatikiza mitundu itatu ya nsomba, yomwe yotchuka kwambiri ndi girinoheylus.

Milomo yawo imawoneka ngati kapu yokoka yokhala ndi makatani mkati. Maunda amenewa amapanga mtundu wa "grater".

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kameneka, nsomba zimatha kumangidwa pamiyala ngakhale ndi mphamvu yamphamvu, kwinaku ikukanda mwala kuchokera pansi pawo.

Zakudya izi sizopatsa thanzi kwambiri, chifukwa chake, "zikande" ma girinoheylus ali ndi zambiri.

Zoyipa izi zikuphatikiza

• kuwonongeka kwa masamba omwe mizere ndi mabowo zingatsalirebe "kututa",
• nsomba zochepa sikokwanira kusunga ukhondo wam'madzi,
• Ochuluka, amakhala ankhanza ndipo nthawi zambiri amawukira mtundu wawo, popeza ndi dera.

Ndikovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa mtendere pakati pawo. Anthu oyandikana nawo amayenera kusankhidwa mosamala, mwamasamba simungatenge nsomba zoyenda pang'onopang'ono.

Viviparous

Ambiri a iwo amakhala ndi nsagwada yakumaso yolimba, yomwe imakhala ngati chopukutira chomwe chimachotsa mosavuta zolembedwa pamakoma, dothi ndi zomera.

Osesa nyama odziwika kwambiri ndi ma guppies, mollies, pecilia, ndi malupanga. Obereketsa ena amati nsomba izi zimatha kukhalakobe popanda chakudya chowonjezera, zimangodya ulusi wobiriwira wokha.

Koma ndi othandizanso kwa ena omwe amadya mwala wina, chifukwa amakhala omangika kwambiri podya zakudya zosafunikira.

Viviparous guppy nsomba.

Cyprinids

Omenyera nkhondo kwambiri kuchokera kwa banja ili ndi Siamese algae eater (aka Siamese crossheil, kapena Siamese crosshelius, kapena Siamese epalceorinchus).

Chingwe chake ndi mitengo yobiriwira ndipo imatchedwa "Vietnamese" kapena "ndevu zakuda" (awa ndi msana wamiyala yakuda pamiyala, masamba a mbewu ndi m'malo ena).

Imaphatikizanso bwino ndi algae ena mwa mawonekedwe a mfuti, chifukwa pakamwa pake ndizoyenera kwambiri izi. Kuti aquarium yama lita 100 ikhale yoyera bwino, kungodya ziwiri zokha (ngakhale zazing'ono kwambiri) zotsekemera za Siamese ndizokwanira.

Ubwino wa nsombazi ndi ntchito, kuyenda, kukhala mwamtendere, kachiwiya kakang'ono ka botilo kuti likhale labwinobwino komanso losamalidwa modekha.

Osati popanda zolakwika. Kutalika kwa nsomba kukakhala kuposa masentimita 4, amatha kuyamba kudya Javanese moss, ngati akukula ku aquarium, komanso mofunitsitsa kuposa algae.

Zadziwikanso kuti, akamakula, anthu omwe amadya mwala wa Siamese pang'onopang'ono amazolowera kudya nsomba ndipo amatha kusiya chidwi chazinthu zina.

Ena "oyeretsa" ochokera ku banja lino - labe-mitundu iwiri (bicolor) ndi wobiriwira (frenatus). Phukusi lawo likuyang'ana pansi. Zachidziwikire, iwo amadya zopusa ndi zokondweretsa, koma osati monga zapita. M'malo mwake, ndi njira yawo yosangalatsa. Kupusa kwawo kwakukulu ndikuyamba kuchita ukali komanso malo ena pokhudzana ndi nsomba zina zonse ndi mtundu wawo.

Siamese amadzaza madzi momwe amawonera. Sanjani nsomba mosamalitsa ndikukumbukira mawonekedwe ake, monga mitundu ina nthawi zambiri imagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina ili m'masitolo azinyama.

Seaweed Shrimp

Izi ma arthropod amatchedwa oyeserera oyera. Zabwino kwambiri ndi shrimp yamadzi oyera, omwe matupi awo ali ndi "mafani" apadera.

Izi zimatuluka m'madzi ndipo zimatulutsa madzi osapezekamo, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tazomera ndi zotsala za anthu omwe afa. Amuna amasula dothi ndikufefa nyansi, yomwe nthawi yomweyo idamera. Akazi amachotsa zodetsa pansi.

Kuphatikiza pa kusefa madzi, zolengedwa izi zimachotsa algae kuchokera pamasamba a zomera ndi malo ena onse, ndipo zimayenda bwino kwambiri kuposa nsomba.

• kabowo kakang'ono kamatha kugwira ntchito yaying'ono,
• kotero kuti ndi yoyera kwambiri m'madzi, mufunika shrimp (munthu m'modzi pa lita imodzi),
• ndizotetezeka kwambiri ndipo zimatha kudyedwa ndi nsomba, chifukwa chomwe oyandikana nawo amafunika kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri, kuphatikiza kukhazikikamo malo ambiri odalirika.

Kuphatikiza pa chitumbuwa, shrimp Amano shrimp amalimbana bwino. Mipira ya Cladorof imakhala yoyera ndikudya ulusi.

Zofunika! Kuchita bwino kwa "ntchitoyi" kumakhudzidwa ndi kukula kwawo. The lalikulu shrimp, ndi kulimba zingwe za algae amatha kudya. Ma centimeter arthropods amawerengedwa kuti ndi abwino kwambiri.

Zokwanira 5 za zidutswa izi pa malita 200. Masentimita atatu adzafunika munthu m'modzi pa 10 malita a madzi. Zing'onozing'ono zimafunikira zoposa (1-2 kwa lita imodzi). Njira yotsiriza ndiyosabereka kwambiri komanso yokwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndizofunikiranso kudziwa kuti shrimps izi sizikudya xenococcus ndi algae ena obiriwira mwanjira yoyala. Blackbeard imakumananso ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Mtundu wina ndi neocaridins. Amakhala ambiri pakati pa amateurs, chifukwa ndiosavuta kuswana. Achepa, kutalika kwa masentimita 1-2, kotero pamafunika "magulu ambiri omenyera" (munthu m'modzi pa lita imodzi). Zokonda zimaperekedwa kwa mwala wofewa wa mtundu wa Rizoclinium. Neocaridins ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri chazomera zam'madzi. Sadzakhala malo osungira malo omwe akhazikitsidwa kumene, chifukwa amathandizira kukhazikitsa malire. Atakhwima, amakhala osamala.

Spirogyra

Ndi ulusi wosalimba komanso wowonda. Zimakhala zovuta kuthana ndi algae, chifukwa zimamera mwachangu kwambiri m'madzi. Chomwe chikukula ndikuwala kopitilira muyeso komanso kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi. Imayatsa magetsi limodzi ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nsomba za-algae-kudya komanso kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala.

Algae akumenya nkhono

Ngakhale ma mollus sanayenda bwino pamadongosolo a kayendedwe ka zinthu, mphamvu zawo ndizokhoza kudya pafupifupi zinthu zonse zakupsa (chakudya chotsalira, chimbudzi cha amoyo ndi zotsalira za okhala akufa, mbewu zowola, ntchofu ndi chintapira pamalo onse, kanema wochokera pamadzi).

Ndipo kukhala bwino ndi zochita za mitundu ina zimatithandizira monga kuyera kwa dothi ndi madzi.

Choyipa ndichakuti kuchuluka kwa nkhono ndizosatheka kuwongolera, ndipo zimabereka mwachangu kwambiri.

Koma pakati pa ma aquarium mollusks sikuti pali tizirombo touluka mwachangu. Ena mwa nkhono sangathe kubereka konse ali muukapolo, ena amabweretsa ana ochepa, ndipo ena ndi osangalatsa komanso okongola, kotero sangangodzitengera ku malo ogulitsa ziweto zapafupi, koma amaperekanso kenakonso.

Nawa ena mwa oyeretsa nkhono kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'mizinda yakunyumba:

Neretina Zebra (tiger nkhono), neretina hedgehog, neretina wakuda khutu. Amachotsa zolembera pamalazi, miyala, matalala, zokongoletsera ndi masamba akulu popanda kuwawononga. Amaoneka kuti satopa konse. Minus - siyani kupanga ma caviar osawoneka bwino pagalasi la aquarium, pomwe ana samatulutsa.

Neretina ali ndi nyanga. Choyimacho (1-1.5 cm) chimatha kukwera m'malo osafikirika ndikuyeretsa kuti iwala. Zimakhala ndi diatoms.

Separia kapena nkhono ndi chipolopolo. Pang'onopang'ono, koma ngakhale izi zimagwirizana bwino ndi zachilendo za algal komanso Vietnamese. Zomera sizikuwonongeka. Choyipa ndichikhalidwe - caviar, wopachikidwa pamawonekedwe.

Corbicula. Ichi ndiye nkhono wa masentimita atatu. Amadziwikanso kuti mpira wachikasu wa ku Javanese kapena bivalve wagolide. Zimathandizira kuthana ndi madzi osungunuka, kuyimitsidwa ndi maluwa, chifukwa ndi fyuluta. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mollusk amadutsa madzi okha (mpaka malita 5 pa ola limodzi!), Amadya tizilombo tomwe timakhalamo. Chochititsa chidwi, m'madzimo okhala ndi ma carbicles, nsomba sizimadwala ichthyophorosis, popeza mwanjira zimachedwetsa kukoka kwawo. Pa aquarium ya malita 100 muyenera kuchokera 1 mpaka 3 a nkhono izi. Zoyipa ndi monga kulima dothi ndi kukumba mbewu zokhala ndi mizu yofooka.

Ampullaria. Pali lalikulu mollusk. Amatenga zotsalira za chakudya, nsomba zakufa ndi nkhono zina, amadya mwachangu kuchokera kumakoma a aquarium. Chimodzi mwazovuta zake ndikuti zimapanga zinyalala zochulukirapo, motero ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa kusefera kwamphamvu mu chidebe ndi nkhono iyi.

Theodoxus. Awa ndi nkhono zazing'ono zabwino zamadzi. Pali mitundu ingapo. Amatha kukhala m'madzi abwino komanso m'madziwe amchere. Amamadyetsa chakudya chamtengo wapatali, amakonda masamba obiriwira komanso obiriwira. Amapikisananso ndi ma gerinoheyluses kuti akhale apamwamba pakukwanira kolimbana ndi xenococus. Koma sakonda "ndevu". Zomera sizikuwononga.

Pomaliza, tikunena kuti zamoyo zam'madzi zitha kukhalapo bwino mothandizidwa ndi anthu. Kusankhidwa koyenera ndi kusintha kwa zida ndi kuyatsa, kukhazikitsa koyenera kwa malo am'madzi, kuyang'anira magawo amadzi ndi momwe anthu akukhalira ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nsomba, shrimp ndi nkhono ndizothandiza pakuthana ndi vuto lawongolera, osati otchulidwa. Zachidziwikire, apa tangofotokoza oimira ochepa chabe oyang'anira ma aquarium, popeza munkhani imodzi ndizosatheka kunena mwatsatanetsatane za zonse. Tidzakhala othokoza chifukwa chowonjezera chosangalatsa.

Njira zowongolera ndi kutaya algae ya aquarium

Mwa mitundu yonse yamtchire, njira yochotsera pamanja ndiyothandiza:

1. sankhani udzu ndi manja anu,
2. pukuta galasi
3. yendani siphon pansi
4. tsuka malo
5. m'malo mwa madzi ena.

Komanso, kulimbana ndi algae kumachitika ndi njira zosiyanasiyana:

1. kusintha kwapafupi
2. kubzala mbewu zapamwamba,
3. kuyambitsa kwa mankhwala.

Kumbukirani kuti sikokwanira kungowononga zam'mera zokha, ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse chophukacho chokwanira.

Ksenokokus - chomera chobiriwira pamakoma a aquarium

Kale ndi algae oyamba kumene onse ndi zabwino zabwino. Zikuwoneka kuchokera kuwunikira kowonjezereka kapena maola osayenera a masana. Poterepa, mbewu zazomera sizichita nawo gawo. Ikuwoneka m'madzi am'madzi, onse okhala ndi masamba obiriwira, komanso m'madzi okhala ndi "extensions" zitatu.
Malangizo polimbana ndi xenocrocus (dzina lolondola ndi kolekheta) ndiofala: kuchepetsa, sinthani masana masana, algicide, kukonza makina, othandizira nsomba ndi ma mollusks, kusintha kwamadzi kawirikawiri.

Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba kudya algae

Yambitsani ziweto zomwe zimadya zotsalira ndikuphatikiza zina zowongolera. Nyama zothandiza ndizophatikiza:

1. Siamese algae amadya. Chimadya ulusi, xenococus ndi diamate algae. Pafupipafupi, amadya Vietnamese ndi ndevu zakuda ngati kulibe chakudya.
2. Ma cichlids aku Malawi. Amadyanso ndevu zakuda, koma amathanso kudya zakudya zamtundu wakulu.
3. Soma (ancistruses, otocincluses, plecostomy). Amachita bwino polimbana ndi ma bulawuni a bulauni komanso obiriwira, koma nthawi zina osafuna kudya masamba osakhwima a anubias ndi lemongrass.
   
4. Nkhono (zokhala ndi nyanga, ampullaria, mariri, coils, neretins). Chingwe chofiirira komanso chonyansa, kuphatikizapo spirogyra, chomwe chimavuta kuchotsa, chimadya.
5. Viviparous nsomba (guppies, malupanga, mollies, pecilia). Kuthana ndi zobiriwira komanso zofiirira.
6. Amano shrimp - thandizo polimbana ndi ulusi.