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Maonekedwe a kadzidzi wa nsomba ndi osiyana pang'ono ndi wamba. Zambiri zofiirira zokhala ndi ma pocket otayika mthupi lonse. Pakati pa khosi ndi thupi pali kakang'ono koyera. Malinga ndi kukula kwake, kadzidzi wa kadzidzi si wotsika kwa abale, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 75, ndipo kulemera kwake kumatha kufika ma kilogalamu 4. Maso a kadzidzi amasoona chikaso chowoneka bwino. Mlomo wake ndi wowongoka. Pamutu pali makutu a nthenga. Chochititsa chidwi ndi kadzidzi wa nsomba ndi kusowa kwa maula m'miyeso yake.

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Habitat

Kadzidzi wa kadzidzi anali osadziwika kwa nthawi yayitali. Zolemba zazing'ono za iye zidawonekera mu 70s zokha. Kusowa kwa alonda a mbalame ndi chifukwa cha malo okhala. Mtunduwu umapezeka kumadera akutali kwambiri a Russia komanso kuzilumba za Japan. Nthawi zina mbalame imakhala ku Manchuria ndi North Korea. Ku Russia, anthu ochepa amakhala ku Primorye, Sakhalin ndi Magadan.

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Malo okhala m'nkhalango pafupi ndi mitsinje yopanda kuzizira komanso yothamanga sakonda kukhala malo. Mwachilengedwe, kadzidzi wa nsomba amakhala mpaka zaka 20, ndipo ali mu ukapolo amatha kukhala ndi zaka zopitilira 40.

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Zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zofunafuna

Monga mamembala ambiri a banja la kadzidzi, kadzidzi amauluka usiku. Monga lamulo, gawo lawo lalikulu ndi nsomba. Nthawi zina mbalame zimatha kudya ma amphibians. Malo osakira akadzidzi a nsomba amalembedwa ndi njira ndi maenje omwe mbalame yaying'ono iyi imapanga panjira yopita kumtsinje. Mbalame zimatha kugona m'chipale chofewa, kudikirira mwayi wowononga nyama.

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Mumaundzu akuthwa, owomba am'madzi amapita kumalo osapezekapo. Chifukwa chake, magulu am'madzi a nsomba amathanso kupanga, zomwe ndizosowa kwambiri. Kadzidzi wamba ya chiwombankhanga ndi nyama yokhayokha ndipo nthawi zonse imapeza chakudya chokha, kuteteza gawo losankhidwa kwa abale omwe akupikisana.

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Ng'ombe zam'madzi ndi mbalame zomwe zimangokhala ndipo sizichoka komwe zimakhala. Kokha kusowa kwa chakudya m'malo omwe adasankha kumawapangitsa kuyendayenda.

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Ma fodya okondedwa a chiwombankhanga - nsomba, nsomba zamkati ndi pike. Zimasaka nsomba zazinkhanira, achule ndi mbewa. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu, imatha kuukira mbalame zina. Nthawi zina amadyedwa ndi zovunda.

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Kuswana

Nguluwe zam'madzi zimakhwima pofika mchaka chachitatu cha moyo. Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba chisanu mwezi wa February. Nthawi imeneyi, yamphongo imasankha tsamba lake ndikudziwitsa ena oimira m'mawa kwambiri kapena nthawi yamadzulo. Mwa mawu awa, wamkazi amaphunzira kuti pali mwamuna wamwamuna woyenera kubereka.

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Nguluwe za nsomba m'njira yapadera zimasamalira zazikazi zosankhidwa. Mwamuna aliyense akuyenera kuwonetsa kulanda pofuna kutsimikizira zomwe akufuna. Zikuwoneka motere: pamene yamphongo ikudikirira nyama pamtsinje, wamkazi amakhala pa nthambi ndikuwona momwe tate wamtsogolo wa ana amakhalira.

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Okwatirana omwe amapangidwa amapanga zisa m'mphepete mwa mitengo yakale. Ndi kumayambiriro kwa masika, njirayi imayikira mazira awiri. Kubisalira kumachitika pakatha mwezi umodzi. Wamkazi samasiya mazira ake, popeza nyengo yozizira simalola izi. Ngati mkaziyo palibe, ndiye kuti ana ake amathanso kufa popanda kumenyedwa. Monga lamulo, kuchokera mazira awiri, mwana wamwamuna mmodzi yekha amabadwa. Kwa miyezi iwiri, makolo amasamalira ana. M'mwezi wachitatu, anapiye ang'onoang'ono amapeza mwayi woti aziuluka pawokha. Amachoka pachisa pakatha miyezi yochepa. Nthawi zina ngakhale mwana wazaka wazaka wazaka amatha kuuluka kupita kwa makolo awo ndikupempha chakudya. Ana ambiri amakhala ndi makolo awo kwa zaka ziwiri, amaphunzira kusodza nawo.

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Chiwombankhanga cha Kadzidzi

Zowoneka bwino

Ziwawa za kadzidzi wa nsomba sizitha kudziunjikira mafuta omwe amateteza mbalame kumadzi, ndichifukwa chake nthenga zonyowa zimatha kuuma, zimalepheretsa mbalame zosauka kuti zizizungulira. Izi zitha kuzindikiridwa ndi phokoso lomwe likuwoneka panthawi yomwe mbalame ikuuluka mtunda wautali.

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Chochititsa chidwi ndi kadzidzi wa nsomba ndizomwe zimakonda kunenepa kwambiri. Pokonzekera chisanu, kadzidzi amaunjikana mafuta ochulukirapo, omwe amatha kufikira masentimita awiri kutalika.

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Pakakhala ngozi, nsomba yadzidzi imazizira maula, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala zokulirapo kangapo, potero imawopseza mdani amene angayesere.

Kadzidzi wa kadzidzi

Kutalika kwa mbalame 60 - 72cm, mapiko 55cm, kulemera kwa 2.5 - 4kg.

Pazonse, imawoneka ngati kadzidzi wamba wa chiwombankhanga, chokhacho chimasiyanasiyana ndi kansalu kofowoka kamaso, komanso zala zokhala ndi zala ndi pini.

Mtunduwo ndi wa bulawuni, wamtambo wodontha thupi lonse, malo oyera pakhosi.

Maso achikaso owoneka bwino amakhala ndi masomphenya abwino. Mlomo ndi waukulu komanso wamfupi, mbali yake yam'mwamba imawerama mwamphamvu.

Mapikowo ndi akulu ndi akulu, motero mbalameyo imadziuluka, i.e. kumveka kwake. Makutu a Shaggy amapezeka molunjika pamutu, ndi matani opepuka.

Amakhala ku Russia ku Far East, kuzilumba za Japan komanso kum'mawa kwa Asia (Indochina, Iran, Ceylon).

Amakhala awiriawiri, omwe amakhala moyo, m'mphepete mwa mitsinje m'nkhalango. Samamanga zisa, koma amakonda kukhala m'maenje a anthu ena, momwe amakhala mosakhalitsa.

Amakhala moyo wokhazikika, kuwalola kuti ayende mtunda wautali m'nyengo yozizira kuti zitheke chifukwa cha kuzizira kwa mitsinje pamitsinje.

Kuchokera pa dzina la mbalameyo ndizodziwikiratu kuti chakudya chake chachikulu ndi nsomba. Amphibians amathanso kudyedwa - achule, abuluzi, crustaceans, ndipo munthawi yanjala amagwira makoswe ndipo samanyansidwa ndi mtembo.

Nyengo yozizira, komanso yozizira kwambiri komanso yovuta - kuyesa kwa nyama ndi mbalame, simungamitsidwe ndi chakudya, chifukwa chake muyenera kusintha ndikudya zomwe mumapeza.

Popita kokasaka, kadzidzi amauluka nthawi zambiri nthawi yamadzulo, koma nthawi zina amapezeka masana.

Mbalameyi imakhala ndi mapanga abwino ndi mapiko, ndiyofunikira kusaka. Nthawi zambiri nyama yomwe imadyedwa imakhala kuti imayang'aniridwa ndikukakhala pamwamba pa nthambi yopendekera pamadzi, kapena pamalo otsetsereka, ndipo ikawona nsomba m'madzi, imanyamuka ndikutsika.

Amatsitsa m'madzi ndi kugwira chala chake ndi zala zake zowala. Imagwira nsomba zoterera poterera mothandizidwa ndi zinzake za nyanga, zomwe zimakhala pazala kuchokera pansi ndi mbali.

Nthawi zina mutha kuwona mbalame m'madzi osaya, komwe imafunafuna mbalame zazinkhanira ndi achule.

Nthawi yakukhwima imayamba m'mawa kwambiri, kumapeto kwa mwezi wa February mutha kumva nyimbo yolira. Chikondi chamadzulo chimayimba limodzi m'mawa ndi usiku.

Pamtunda, pakati pa mitengo yokulirapo, yaikazi imakhazikika 2, osagwirizana ndi mazira atatu. Patatha milungu isanu, anapiye amabadwa.

Makolo akuwonjezera mavuto. Tsopano, kuwonjezera poteteza ndi kuteteza miyoyo ya ana, amafunikirabe kudyetsedwa.

Anapiye osusuka amayamba kudya achule, kenako amapeza nsomba atakula.

Pakachitika ngozi, makolo amapereka phokoso kwa anapiye. Amadzitsekera ndi kugona pansi. Mwambiri, kadzidzi amalankhula mosiyanasiyana.

Anapiyewo amachoka pabowo ali ndi zaka 37-50 ndipo amakhala m'dera la makolo awo kwa zaka zina ziwiri, pomwe amalandila chakudya chowonjezera.

Wamphongo kapena wamkazi ndi mawu amapeza ana awo mosavuta ndikuyika china chokoma pakamwa pawo.

Akatswiri osaka mbalame amatha nthawi yayitali. Choyamba, amayang'ana zochita za makolo awo, kenako amayesa kubwereza chinyengocho. Osati anapiye onse oyamba kusodza, ambiri amasiyidwa popanda kugwira.

Viyikani m'madzi oundana, kunyamula nsomba, ndipo sianthu aliyense amene angaigwire. Koma onse adzaphunzira kuzichita, apo ayi sadzapulumuka.

Kadzidzi wa kadzidzi walembedwa mu Red Book of Russia, palibe ambiri omwe atsalira. Kuthengo, kadzidzi wa nsomba amakhala zaka 10 - 20.