Amadziwika kuti nkhaka, mbalame yofooka iyi, yofanana ndi kambuku, yomwe imakonda kupha mbalame zina. Cockoo imakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya imvi ngati khungubwi, chifuwa chokhazikika chomwechi ndi mchira wautali womwewo. Makamaka, ndikosavuta kulakwitsa, ndikumatenga mbalame yodziwika bwinoyi kuphatikiza iyo kawiri, pomwe imawuluka, ndipo, mwina, pa ntchentche yokha imatha kusakanikirana, chifukwa nkhaka yomwe amakhala Popeza pali zifukwa zonse zachilengedwe, sizachabe kuti nkhakazi zimavala zovala zamtundu wina wa nyama. Pofotokoza chifukwa chomwe amafunira njira yabwinoyi, tidatengera zina mwa moyo wake. Aliyense amadziwa kuti sakulira chisa chake, koma m'njira yakuba akuyika dzira limodzi mu zisa za mbalame zina, ndikusankha zomwezo zomwe ndizocheperako kutalika kwake, zomwe ndi lark, warble, torto, etc. mbalame ina, yomwe ikula, nthawi zambiri, imakhala ana obadwa kwa mayi ake omlera. Atangotsala pang'ono kukula, ndiye kuti popanda mwambo umawaponya m'chisa. Amachita izi kuti angosiyidwa yekha, apo ayi mayi wocheperako sangathe kudyetsa thukuta lokhazikitsidwa, lomwe limakonda kupitilirabe namwino wake.

Poteteza zinthu za mbalame yathu, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti si ulesi wake komanso osati mtima wowonda kuti amapatsa ana ake kuti akwerere m'nyumba yachilendo: iye, mwina, amasamalira ana ake osaposa ena, koma chilengedwe chomwe chimamukakamiza kuti achite cockoo. M'malo mwake, imatha kukhala ndi dzira limodzi pakatikati, patadutsa sabata limodzi kapena kuposerapo. Tiyerekeze kuti adapanga chisa chake ndikuyamba kuwaswa mazira, pomwepo nthawi yomweyo amatha kukhala ndi anapiye achichepere ndi obadwa kumene, komanso mazira akuswidwa ndikungogona. Chonde chitani ndi banja lotere. Mwana wankhuku woyamba amafunikira kudyetsedwa, ndiye kuti muyenera kuwuluka kuti mukagwire tizilombo, kumbali inayo, muyenera kukhala kunyumba ndikukatchingira mazira ena onse. Kulera mwana wankhuku - mazira sadzatha, kusamalira mazira - mwana wankhuku adzafa ndi njala, m'mawu, osaphulika. Chinthu chimodzi chatsalira: kuyala testicle mu zisa za anthu ena.

Zomwe zimagwedezeka, agalu ndi mbalame zina zazing'ono zimabwera pachabe, kulera ana a anthu ena, sizodabwitsa. Mazira a Cuckoo, poyamba, ndi ochepa kwambiri, ndipo chachiwiri, ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwa zina, zimawoneka ngati malawi, mwa ena zimawoneka ngati mazira, ndi zina, pomwe nkhakazo zimaziyika imodzi nthawi imodzi zokha zisa zomwe sizingafanane ndi zina.

Sizikudziwika bwinobwino kuti mbalame zimaloleza bwanji nkhaka kulowa m'nyumba zawo. Chapakatikati samusiya nthawi yayitali, m'modzi mwa makolo amakhala pamenepo nthawi zonse kapena kutembenukira pafupi. Kodi chatsalira kuti ndichite chiyani pamenepa? Kokani mbuye wake pachisa: atuluke, akuti, ndidzayikani dzira lanu? - kotero cuckoo siili yolimba kwambiri kuti ipirire osaletseka, ndipo woyendetsa ndege ndi mbalame zina sakhala wopusa komanso wopanda mphamvu kuti athe kulolera. Tikuyerekeza kuti takwanitsa kukakamiza ambuye kuti achoke, ndiye kuti ntchito yake ndi iti? Palibe chiwawa chomwe chimakakamiza mbalame yokhumudwitsayo kuti igwire dzira la munthu wina, mwinanso limodzi ndi yawo. Amadziwika kuti zisa zosokonezeka nthawi zambiri zimathamangira kukakhala kwawo. Apa ndipamene nkhaka imasunga kufanana ndi mbalame yodya nyama. Aliyense anawona momwe mbalame zazing'onoting'ono zimagundukira kuchokera ku khungubwe, aliyense amene angakwanitse. Amapunduka kuchokera ku nkhakao, kumamuphonya molakwika chifukwa cha mdani uyu, ndipo amangofunika izi. Mbalameyi ikangokhala chete kapena ikulingalira za cholakwa chake, nkhakayo imakhala ndi nthawi yoti ikayikire dzira m'madziyo ndikuuluka, kuti pambuyo pake mbuyeyo asaganize kuti anali ndi mlendo pachisa chake ndikusiya mphatso.

Chithunzithunzi:

Cuckoos amapezeka kulikonse kulikonse kukula kwa Russia ndi mayiko ena. Munkhalango "kwaya" aliyense amazindikira "mawu" ake. Koma popeza mbalameyo imakhala moyo wobisika kwambiri, imawuluka usiku wokha, ndipo imabisala m'chipululu m'nkhalangoyi masana, ngakhale akatswiri owerengeka sadziwa zambiri za nkhakao kuposa mitundu ina ya mbalame. Chifukwa chake, mwina, moyo wa mbalameyi sunakhale buku lowerengedwa. Anthu amakhulupirirabe zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zolumikizana ndi cockoo, olemba ndakatulo amayimba.

1. Dziwanireni momwe mungathere za moyo wa mbalame.
2. Kuti muphunzire zifukwa zosiyanitsira mitundu ya anthu ku nkhakoo.
3. Sonkhanitsani zinthu kuchokera kunthano zopeka ndi nthano, ndikupanga lingaliro la chizindikiro cha cuckoo.

Ntchito ndikuti adziwe chifukwa chake anthu amagwirizana ndi mtundu wa cuckoo mosiyana.

Chomwe amafunikira ndikuphunzira ndi moyo wa mbalame ya cuckoo.

Mutu wakufufuziraku ndi 1) chithunzi cha nkhaka pakati, nthano ndi 2) momwe mbalameyo imakhalira.

Njira: kusaka zidziwitso mu nthano, zopeka, mabuku asayansi, malo achidziwitso pa intaneti, kusanthula kwa chidziwitso, mafunso, kuphatikiza pazinthu.

1. Ngati nkhaka sanayikire mazira ake pachisa cha anthu ena, ndipo ngati ingakweze anapiye ake, itakhala ndi chisa chake, ndiye kuti anthu angaganize kuti mbalameyi ndi yachilendo, sangakhulupirire zodabwitsa zake, ndipo chithunzithunzi chake ndi ntchito zamaluso sizingakhale zopeka.
2. Zotsatira zoyembekezeredwa: Cuckoo amadzutsa chidwi mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chachilendo. Lingaliro losiyana ndi nkhakoo linapangidwa m'malingaliro a anthu motsogozedwa ndi nthano ndi ntchito zopeka.

1. Chithunzi cha cuckoo mu folks

1.1. Nthano ndi miyambo yokhudza nkhakao

M'malilime onse, dzina la mbalameyi, yonse yasayansi ndikuvomerezeka ndi anthu, limachokera ku dzina lodziwika bwino la "ku-ku". Ndipo m'maiko onse, nthano zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi cuckoo.

Amadziwika kale. Mwa Agiriki akale, nkhakayi idawonedwa ngati mbalame yopatulika ya mulungu wamkazi Hera, woimira masika, chikondi, kubadwanso. . Ndodo ya mulungu wamkazi Hera idakongoletsedwa ndi cockoo chosemedwa chifukwa Zeus adasandulika mbalameyi asanalowe naye banja.

Mwa anthu ambiri, inkawoneka ngati mbalame yosintha mzimu, wolosera zam'tsogolo, mthenga wa masika.

Mafuko achisilavo adaganiziranso cockoo cha zinthu monga mbalame. Amayenera kuuza anthu za nthawi yotentha. Kudziwa kutalika kwa moyo wa munthu, nthawi yokwatirana. Cuckoo ndi chizindikiro cha Chisilavo cha mkazi wolakalaka: onse osasangalala muukwati komanso wosungulumwa. Cuckoo ndi amodzi mwa mbalame zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndi zachikhalidwe cha Chisilavo. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, nkhaka ilibe awiri: Mwamuna wake adamuphanso kapena iye adamupha, adampukutira kuchokera kuwunikako kapena kumubisa pansi pa mlatho. Monga momwe nthano ina imanenera, nkhakayi idachoka ku nkhaka nthawi ya chigumula. Chifukwa chake, matako a nkhakoo ali ndi khungubwe, khwangwala, hawk, Nightingale kapena tambala. Mu nthano, cuckoo ndi wamasiye wachisoni adasandulika mbalame: mkazi. Kudikirira ndikuyitanitsa mwamunayo, mlongo, kulira maliro a m'bale wake kapena kutembereredwa ndi m'bale wake chifukwa cha kutaya makiyi. Kuyambira pamenepo, nkhakao wakhala akuitana m'bale wake kuti: "Ndine jackpot, sconce ndiye mtembo, dzuka, makiyi ndi athu!" kapena "Mac-sim, bwerera, kli-chi athu!". M'modzi mwa nthano, Cuckoo amakhala mtsikana yemwe adalangidwa ndi Khristu chifukwa chabodza: ​​iye, kuteteza St. Peter, yemwe adaba mahatchi, adafuula: "Ku-kunywa!", Mwana wamkazi wotembereredwa ndi amayi ake kapena abambo, pogula mkazi wamasiye yemwe sanadyetse anthu osauka (Mulungu) ndi mkate, mtsikana yemwe amawopa Mulungu pansi pa mlatho, mwana wamkazi wachotsedwa ndi makolo ake ndikulakalaka kwawo . Atatembenukira ku cockoo, amawuluka kunyumba.

Nyimbo za Folk Chiyukireniya zimafotokoza kuti nkhaka ya ntchentche imawuluka bwanji kuti iwotche pamanda Iye ndiye munthu amene ali ndi chisoni chosatha chifukwa cha womwalirayo. M'nyimbo yaukwati, mkwatibwi wamasiye amatumiza cockoo kwa abale ake omwe adamwalira, kuti abwere kudzabwera kudzadalitsa dziko latsopano. Mwanjira ya nkhakoo amayimira mzimu wa wachibale womwalirayo. M'maliridwe akumaliro, womwalirayo adalembedwa kuti: "Ndibweretseni nkhaka, ndipo mundipatse mafuta anu." Pakutsogolo kwa nkhakoo, mzimu, titero, umawulukira pansi kukalankhula ndi abale. Nthawi zambiri ku cuckoo amawona mthenga kuchokera "kudziko lina." M'madera omwe ali m'malire ndi Belarus, pamakhala chizolowezi chovota ndi cuckoo. Amayi omwe aferedwa kapena apatukana nawo, amapita kunkhalango ndipo kumeneko, atangomva ciko, amalankhula yekha, akumalira ndikulira ululu wake. Cockoo amachita ngati mkhalapakati pakati pa izi ndi "dziko lina": amafunsira nkhani kuchokera ku “dziko lina” zokhudzana ndi okondedwa awo, kudzera mmawuwo amawatumizira ndikumapempha.

Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, Mulungu atalenga dziko lapansi, adapatsa nyama iliyonse ndi mbalame kuti zisankhe nyumba yawo. Dokowe adakonda mitengo yayitali komanso madenga, malamba ndikukhanyula - minda yosatha, chimaliziro chimakhala pansi padenga. Ndi nkhakoo zokha zomwe sizingasankhe chilichonse mwanjira yomwe amakonda. Chifukwa chake amawuluka posaka zipatso, osakonza zisa ndi kuponyera mazira mu zisa za anthu ena.

Cockoo sanawonedwe ngati mbalame yophera, yoopsa. M'malo mwake, ndizosangalatsa, zomvera chisoni (kulira limodzi pakagwa tsoka), kuchenjeza za ngozi, kutha kufalitsa nkhani yabwino yokhudza wokondedwa. Amakhulupirira kuti nkhakao imachokera kwa munthu, ndiye kuti singaphedwe. Sizosadabwitsa kuti nthano za mayiko osiyanasiyana zimafotokoza za tsogolo la anthu, zokhudzana ndi atsikana omwe adapulumuka tsoka, chifukwa chosowa chiyembekezo, chisoni komanso chifukwa chosungulumwa adasandutsidwa chikoka. Ngati mumamvetsera mwatchutchutchu kuyimba kwa nyimbozo.

Zambiri mwa miyambo ndi zikhalidwe zimapereka umboni kuti m'mbuyomu anthu ankachitira nkhakao ulemu ngati mneneri komanso amamvera ena chisoni ngati munthu wosowa pokhala.

1.2. Zikhulupiriro ndi zizindikiritso zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufika komanso nkhaka ya cuckoo

Cuckoo - machitidwe a angapo avomera ndikukhulupirira. Mumakonda munthu wamkazi. Pali lingaliro la iye ngati "wowongolera" kuchokera kudziko lina kudziko lina. Chifukwa chake, atha kukhala ngati mthenga wa mavuto kapena mneneri wamkazi wamtsogolo wachimwemwe.

Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro zimayenderana naye. Kumva tchuthi chakumaso kwa nkhaka isanafike kuko - ku chisangalalo chosangalatsa, ndi cockoo pamaso pausiku - kwa oipayo. Kufika koyambirira kwa nkhakao ndi khwangwala woyamba, pamene nkhalangoyi sinakhalepobe ndi masamba, ikuwonetsa chaka chotsika, njala, ndi miliri. Simungathe kusambira. Mpaka pomwe cuckoo iluma. Atamva koyamba ku nkhakoo, amatenga dothi pansi pa phazi lawo lamanja ndikuyika pansi pa bedi kuti pasakhale utitiri. Aliyense amene angamveko koyamba pamimba yopanda kanthu, chaka chino amalonjeza zoipa. Ngati mu masika mumva khukhu woyamba kumanja, mwayi udzatsagana, ngati kumanzere - mwayi udzatsala chaka chonse.

Kulira kwa nkhakoo nthawi zambiri kumadziwika kuti ndikosangalatsa. Iwo adati: "Cockoo uyu akuchotsa - chisoni chikufalikira." Chifukwa chake. Atamva izi, adayesetsa kuti asabwezeretsedwe ndi mawu akuti: "Mukulankhula bwino, koma m'mutu mwanu."

Kulumikizidwa kwa nkhakao ndi imfa kumapezeka mu zikhulupiriro zotsatirazi. Akaluma padenga la nyumbayo, mnyumba muno mudzakhala munthu wakufa kapena moto. Amakhulupirira kuti munthu wina aliyense asanamwalire iye anathawira kunyumba m'nyengo yozizira. Iwo adati ngati kwa nthawi yoyamba kasupe mukamamva kulira kwa kakulidweko m'maso mwanu, ndiye kuti mudzalira, ndipo ngati mudzafera kumbuyo. Amawonetsera imfa. Kukhumudwa kapena kukwera mtengo kwambiri ngati nkhakoo dzuwa litalowa. Ndizodziwika bwino kufotokozera za nthawi yomwe imfa isanachitike. Kuti achite izi, adafunsa funso la cockoo kuti: "Chungakoo ndi sulufuzi, kulosera molimba mtima za zaka zingati zokhala ndi kufa. Pofuna kuti cockoo aphike nthawi yayitali ndipo osawuluka kuchoka kunthambi, adayesetsa kuthamangira kumtengo ndikuwumanga ndi lamba.

Cuckoo cuckoo adapereka osati mantha okha, komanso chiyembekezo. Atsikana ankadikirira kubwera kwa nkhakao ku nyumba, popeza izi zinali chithunzi chaukwati. Mwa cockoo, adatsimikiza zaka zingati asanakwatirane.

Kuyimba kwa Cuckoo kunawonetsa masiku a kalendala, mwachitsanzo: "Cockoo amayimba mu Epulo, Meyi, ku Ivan, ndipo pambuyo pake samayimbanso." Mu Julai, kkooti akukonzekera kupita, mu Ogasiti ndi nthawi yoti awuluke. Tsiku la Peter (Julayi 14) limalumikizidwa ndi kuphika kwa kulira kwa khaka. Ngati mukumva nkhomaliro utatha chilimwe, sizabwino: mpatseni mayankho kuti asamvenso. Komabe, chikhulupiriro ichi chikugwirizana ndi tsiku "lakale" la chilimwe, ndiye kuti 6 Julayi.

Koma kuyimba kwamatchuo sikunagwirizane ndi masiku a kalendala okha, komanso masiku apanyumba. Cuckoo akhwangwala - ndi nthawi yofesa fulakesi. Kutha kwa kuphika kumalumikizidwa ndi nthawi yakucha rye, barele kapena zitsamba zakupsa ndi chiyambi cha kutchetcha. Iwo anati: "Tkozo zimatsamwidwa pachimodzimodzi ndi tirigu, tirigu kapena barele" kapena "Yakwana nthawi yoti timenye nkhomaliro ndikuphika koyamba - iyi ndi nkhambakamwa."

Amakhulupirira kuti kutha kwa nkhaka yam'madzi ikabisala mu kabichi kapena maukonde kuchokera kwa mbalame zomwe zimamuthamangitsa ndikumumenya, kubwezera chifukwa choti amaponya mazira ake pachisa cha anthu ena. Mulungu adataya mbalame yake chisa ichi ngati chilango chifukwa chophwanya lamulo loletsa ntchito yakulengeza. Monga momwe anthu amanenera, "Ndi nkhaka yopanda chisa, yomwe mu Annunciation idazungulira." Chifukwa cha izi, iye adataya nyumba yake ndi ana ake. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, zaka zonse zakhala zikulira.

Anthu ambiri ku Europe ali ndi lingaliro lakuti nkhaka, itayimitsa kuluma kwake ndi kugwa, imasandutsanso kuba, komwe imafanana ndi kunja kwake.

Cuckoo - woyendayenda wopanda nyumba - samangokhala mu Russian Federation yayikulu. Amadziwika m'maiko a Europe, Africa, India, China. Ku Africa, India, China, amabisalira, sakumva iye akulira pamenepo, monganso sanayimbe mu nyengo yanyengo. M'mayiko a ku Europe, amakhulupirira nthano ndipo amalingalira koyamba kubadwa kwa nkhaka chaka.

Ku Germany, mawu a chikkoo, omwe amveka kuchokera kumpoto, amatanthauza kufa, kumbali ina, kuchita bwino.

Ku Scotland amakhulupirira lonjezo la nkhakao, zaka zotsala kuti akhale ndi moyo.

Ku England, amakhulupirira kuti nkhaka imayimba mvula. Ngati akuwonekera pang'onopang'ono pamtengo wowuma, dikirani kuti afe.

Ku France, zaka 300 zapitazo, panali chikhulupiriro: mukamva khwangwala, muyenera kuchotsa nthaka kuchokera pansi pa phazi lanu lamanja ndikuwabalalitsa m'nyumba: sipadzakhala utitiri.

Ku Belgium, kuti athetse matenda amtundu uliwonse, wina amayenera kukwera pansi atamva kulira.

Mukangomva koyamba kwa chaka chino. Muyenera kukhala achimwemwe, kukhala ndi ndalama m'thumba lanu ndi mphete ndi ndalama kapena makiyi - ndiye kuti chaka chonse mudzakhala osangalala ndi ndalamazo. Chikhulupiriro ichi chinali chofala ku Europe konse.

Anthu osiyanasiyana ali ndi zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi cuckoo. Mwa iwo, monga momwe tikuonera, mkhalidwewu onse ndi woyipa (owombeza) komanso wotsatsa (wabwino wamakani). Ankakhulupirira kuti nkhakayi ili ndi mphamvu zachinsinsi. Amkhulupilira komanso kuopedwa ngati mneneri wamkazi. "Kusowa pokhala", anthu adalungamitsa Kukushkino chifukwa cha kulimbika kwake (adagwira ntchito patchuthi), namvera chisoni ndi chilango cha Mulungu pazimenezi. Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zofala, mbalame zokha zimabwezera nkhakayo ndikumenya chifukwa chobzala mazira.

1.3. Milimo yokhudza cuckoo

Miyambo - nkhokwe ya nzeru za wowerengeka. Amawonetsa kuyang'ana kwamakhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ozungulira dziko lapansi ndi moyo wa anthu, akuwonetsa kuyesedwa kwa mayendedwe, maubale a anthu, malamulo osalankhulidwa.

Misonkhano ikuluikulu, miyambi ya cuckoo itha kugawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Mwambi ukhoza kudziwika ngati kalendala: "Cockoo iyamba kukhazikika - chisanu sichingawonenso." Mwambiwu uli ngati chizindikiro.

Pali miyambi yomwe kuyamika dziko lonse pachikumbuchi kumamveka chifukwa cha "mawu" ake, mtundu wa kuyimba:

Pali nkhaka ku nkhalango, ndi kubisala m'nyumba.

Mutha kumva mwana wanu wamkazi ali mnyumba, ngati cockoo m'munda.

Ubwenzi ndi umodzi zimanenedwa mwambi wa ku Armenia: "Cockoo imodzi simapanga masika."

Nthawi zonse, luso laukadaulo komanso luso linayamikiridwa, amisiri amapatsidwa ulemu. Mwambiwu umati: "Cockoo siwakuba, koma umbuli si bwana." Iweruza anthu kuyankhula zopanda pake, kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yopanda pake:

Kwa cuckoo (kuyankhula zopanda pake) iwo amenya pamutu.

Cockoo adalira kuti adapatsa ana kwa anthu.

Simungathe kukhala nkhuku pamazira amatsenga.

Maganizo otsutsana a anthu kulowera ku cuckoo adawonetsedwa bwino m'miyambi yokhudzana ndi mutu wanyumba, kwawo. Miyambo imanena za kutayika kwa dziko lakwawo:

About the cuckoo and the cuckoo, kuti palibe chisa.

Cuckoo cuckoo - mverani chisoni anthu osowa pokhala. Miyambi iyi imafotokoza kukhumudwa kwa munthu yemwe, chifukwa chilichonse, amakhala kutali ndi kwawo, atasowa pokhala. Koma pali miyambi yomwe imamveka kutsutsa ndi kudzudzula chifukwa chazinthu zopanda moyo.

Sichiri chozizwitsa kuti nkhaka imawulukira zisa za anthu ena, koma chingakhale chozizwitsa, ngati kuti yabweretsa chake.

Ndi nkhako zokhazo zomwe sizimalira.

Chithunzi cha munthu wosavomerezeka chimapezeka m'miyambi:

Cuckoo cuckoo - kumva chisoni chifukwa chosowa pokhala.

Osati nkhako ya nkhakao, koma mkazi ali ndi chisoni.

Miyambi anzeru imathandizira kuwunika zochita ndi zochita za anthu ena:

Monga cockoo akuwuluka zisa za anthu ena.

Khwangwala ndi cuckoo ndi ofanana, koma mawu awo ndi osiyana.

Cockoo akumenya nightingale (apongozi aakazi - mpongozi wake). Chochitika cha mkazi yemwe wabereka mwana osati kuchokera kwa wake, koma kuchokera kwa mwamuna wachilendo amayenera kuweruzidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Mwana wotere amatchedwa dzira la cuckoo. "Cuckoo dzira" ndi mphatso yamtengo wapatali.

Kwa zaka zambiri, miyambi yakhala ikuwongolera anthu wamba, iye adakhala molingana ndi malamulo awo:

Ngati mukukhala moyo ngati cikoo, simupeza banga.

Miyambo simalo osungiramo anthu anzeru, komanso chitsanzo cha fanizo la wowerengeka.

Njira zazikulu zowonetsera komanso zowoneka bwino za ntchito zaluso za pakamwa ndizofanana. Njira imeneyi imathandiza owerenga amakono kumvetsetsa za chiyambi chachikunja cha Asilavo akale. Mwachitsanzo: "Chikomo cha chisangalalo m'nkhalango, mwana kusangalala m'nyumba." Mawu ofunikira "chisangalalo" akuwonetsa momwe mbalame imakhalira: alandiridwa, ndiye cholembera cha nthawi yayitali. Maonekedwe a nkhakoo amaphatikizana ndi mawonekedwe a chinthu chamtengo wapatali kwambiri chomwe chimayenera kukhala m'mabanja - mwana! Cuckoo - chizindikiro cha kukonzanso kwa moyo. Kuyimba kwake kumakongoletsa, kusinthanso nkhalango, mwana amakongoletsa moyo, kumapangitsa tanthauzo, ndi ntchito zapakhomo, ndipo chiyembekezo cha kunyumba, banja limalumikizana nawo.

Njira inanso yodziwika kwambiri mu ntchito zaluso zamkamwa ndi kufanizira. Mwachitsanzo: "Mumakhala kukochako: palibe mtengo, bwalo, mwamunayo, palibe banja." Chi sentensi yotsimikizika-yoyerekeza ndi fanizo lofotokozedwa ndi dzina mwa mawonekedwe a chida chamathandizo limapeza mawonekedwe a adilesi ndikuwunikira kuwunika koipa kakhalidwe ndi moyo. Mamembala odziyankhira pachiwonetserochi akuwonetsa chifukwa chomwe akuweruzidwira: munthu ayenera kukhala ndi nyumba yake, banja lake, kulera ana. Chitsutso chodziwika bwino cha nkhakao chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, chomwe sichimapanga zisa komanso sichikola mazira, chimasinthidwa kukhala moyo wa munthu yemwe akuyenda mosavuta moyo, osalemedwa ndi banja lake. Mwambiwu uli ndi tanthauzo lothandiza.

Chifukwa chake, tikuwona kuti fanizo la nkhaka mu miyambiyi limamasuliridwa mokhazikika. Ena amagogomeza za chiyambi komanso mapindu ake apadera a nkhakao, pomwe ena amapereka malingaliro olakwika pamakhalidwe ake. Miyambi ngati imeneyi ndi yophunzitsa.

1.4. Mwambo wa kubatizika ndi kuikidwa m'manda mwa cockoo

Zikhulupiriro zathu zakale zimakoka munthu mwa mawonekedwe a cuckoo. Mwambo wodabwitsa wa kubatizika kwa njuchi mwanjira ina umawunikira chithunzi ichi. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika pa sabata la Semitsky, pomwe akufa amakumbukiridwa. Kummwera ndi kumadzulo kwa Russia mpaka zaka za 60 za zaka zathu (komanso m'malo ena) miyambo ya "maliro a" cuckoo "inali ponseponse. Imaphatikizidwa ndi tchuthi cha tchuthi cha kasupe-chirimwe ndipo nthawi zambiri chimagwirizana ndi Ascension, Utatu, Mzimu kapena masiku a Petrov.

Mwambo uwu mosakayikira unachokera kuchikunja ndipo udachita Chikristu kunja kwina. Chinsinsi cha mwambowu chimalumikizidwa ndi kukonzanso mphamvu zakuchilengedwe: pambuyo pa nyengo yachisanu ikamwalira, chitsitsimutso ndi kupambana kwa kutentha kwa dzuwa. Mbali ina ya chochitikacho ndi kukopa mphamvu zakulengedwa zachilengedwe, kuti zitheke zochuluka. Malinga ndi malingaliro a Asilavo akale, mulungu wamoyo Alive adasandulika kukhala cuckoo.

Ubatizo wa cockoo udachitika monga chonchi. Pafupi ndi Ascension, atsikana am'mudzi ndi amayi achichepere, mwachinsinsi kuchokera kwa abambo, amasonkhana mumodzi mwamnyumba kuti asoke zovala za cockoo: sundress, malaya, ndi mpango. Mwambowu unkatsogozedwa ndi mayi wachikulire wamasiye - chizindikiro. M'mawa wa chikondwerero, mamembala ovala Kstin adapita kunkhalangoko. Pamenepo, pakati pa dimba lobiriwira, akufunafuna misozi ya masamba a udzu (akatswiri azomerazi amatcha orchid, ndi a banja la orchid). Amakumba timitengo tiwiri, ndikuonetsetsa kuti chomera chilichonse chong'ambika chili ndi mizu yoluka bwino, ndiye atsikana adakulungidwa ndi timiyala tating'onoting'ono ndikutipangira zovala zokhazokha. Malinga ndi nthano, nthawi ina idavala ngati cockoo weniweni. Amavala malaya oyera, ndipo sundress ndi shawl zimayenera kukhala zakuda, chifukwa mbalameyi imadziwika kuti ndi wamasiye - "sanapeze mwamunayo." Udzuwo adakongoletsedwa bwino.

Mphendoyi itatha, atsikanayo adapeta nthambi za malamba kapena hazel, ndikuzipukutira kakhalidwe, ndikuponyera mpango pamenepo ndikuyika "cuckoo" yawo, yopachikidwa pamtanda. Inali nthawi ya kukondera. Ophunzirawo adagawika awiriawiri, mbali imodzi moyang'anizana pamtunda wolumikizidwa, ndikukweza mpango ndi cuckoo, nkupsopsona osankhidwa awo katatu, nthawi iliyonse akusintha malo. Ma bes anasinthana zovala, mphete kapena mitanda yamthupi, kutsata nyimbo yovina yofananira:

Cuckoo, Nkhunda, Gray Cuckoo,

Bwera nawe, mtsikana, tizisangalala!

Ndiwe miseche yanga - ndine wokondedwa wako.

Amayi olemera omwe amakhala ovutikirapo amawaganizira kuti ndi mabanja osakwanitsa chaka chimodzi, kapenanso moyo wonse. Pofika madzulo, Cockoo adayikidwa. Iwo adakumba dzenje pakona yosakira nkhalangoyi, ndikuikongoletsa ndi zopendekera zatsopano, ndikuyika "cuckoo" pamenepo ndikuikuta ndi dziko lapansi. Nthawi yomweyo, kwayala idayimba:

Ndikupatsirani mema kkoiko

Zabwino, chabwino, galu

Zatsopano pamapanga, kufiira, mbandakucha, udzu watsopano.

Patatha masiku khumi, gawo lachiwiri la mwambowu lidachitika: azimayi ocheperako anasonkhana kutchire kuti "aukitse cockoo". Iwo adatenga chinyama chokhazikika pansi, ndikuchibzala pamitengo, ndikuyimba mawu awa:

Cuckoo-agogo, mbalame yaying'ono ikulira,

Kasupe afika kwa ife, kasupe ndi wofiyira,

Adatibweretsera tirigu ...

Mawu oti "kasupe" pano atanthauza "kutentha." M'masiku akale, chaka chimagawidwa nthawi yachisanu ndi yophukira; Masika, motero, amafikira kuzizira kwambiri. Kwa nyimbo ya nyimboyi, aminawo anali ndi mphatso limodzi ndi mtedza, mikanda, yomwe anali atasungapo kenakake, ndikusinthana zovala. Kenako adakonza phwando pomwe adayitanitsa amuna. Zovina zosakanikirana zoyambira patapita pakati pausiku. Kusangalala kokhazikika kunayenera kuchititsa kubadwa kwa zokolola zabwino.

Pambuyo pa mwambowo, m'malo ena "nkhono" zimatsalira panthambi, pomwe ena amabweretsa udzu kumudzi. Misozi ya Cuckoo idagwiritsidwa ntchito zamatsenga. Kupanga ubale pakati pa okwatirana. Mkaziyo adafunikira kupatsa mwamuna wake madzi akumwa awa. Chikhulupiriro ichi chimakhazikika pa lingaliro loti muzu wokhawo wobzala umayimira mwamuna (wakuda) ndi mkazi (oyera).

Chochititsa chidwi pa tchuthi ichi chinali kuwombeza azimayi achichepere chaka choyamba chaukwati. Muzu wa chomera chosimbidwa, adadandaula zam'munda wa woyamba kubadwa, adamwa mawu oti, "Cuckoo, undimasule mwana wamwamuna." Ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mwambowu umachokera pazithunzi zakale za Asilavo. Mu chifanizo cha cuckoo adawona chimodzi mwazomwe zimapanga thupi la mkazi wamkazi, chomwe chimapatsa azimayi omwe adatembenukira kwa iye ndi mizimu yoyamwa ya ana osabadwa.

Udindo wa cuckoo wakhazikika mu malingaliro odziwika: umadzetsa kutentha, umasankha nthawi za kalendala, ntchito zapakhomo, zimathandizira kukhazikitsa ndikulimbitsa chisangalalo cha mabanja. Cuckoo ndi chizindikiro chosintha chisangalalo. Cuckoo ndi chizindikiro cha zabwino ndi chiyembekezo.

"Chizindikiro" ndi mawu achi Greek. Ichi ndi chizindikiro, chizindikiro, chochitika chakumwamba. Chizindikiro chimamvetsedwa pakutanthauza kwa mawuwo monga chizindikiro chilichonse chomwe chili ndi tanthauzo lililonse. Dziko lonselo lachikunja linalemekeza zizindikilo, ndipo m'moyo adatenga gawo lalikulu. Zizindikiro za Chikhristu Chapakati zimadziwikanso ndi kupezeka kwawo ndi chinsinsi cha matanthauzidwe obisika mwa iwo.

Ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chikristu, zophiphiritsa zoyimira za Akhristu padziko lapansi, nyama ndi mbalame monga zolengedwa za Mulungu zidasamutsidwira ku Russia. Ndipo malingaliro awa anapezedwa bwino, ngakhale kupangidwa.

2. Chithunzithunzi cha nkhambwe yopeka

Chithunzi cha cuckoo, kapena m'malo mwake mitundu itatu, idapangidwa pakamwa, nkhakayo ndi mayi wosungulumwa, cuckoo-kitu, cuckoo ndi mayi wosagwirizana.

Pali nthano ndi miyambo yambiri yofotokoza chifukwa chake nkhomayi imakhala yosungulumwa. Wodziwika bwino pa ndakatulo zaku Russia, F.I. Buslaev, adalemba za "kupezeka konse kwa nthano za Asilamu zosintha azimayi osauka kukhala ma cockoos." Zolinga za nthanozi zimawoneka pachikumbutso chachikulu kwambiri m'mabuku akale achi Russia, "The Word of Igor's Campaign," mu gawo la "Kufuula kwa Yaroslavna." Ntchitoyi ikufotokozera za ndawala mu 1185 ya Novgorod-Seversky Prince Igor Svyatoslavich motsutsana ndi Polovtsy. Pokumana koyamba ndi mdani, Igor amapambana, koma pankhondo yachiwiri amagonjetsedwa ndikugwidwa. Kunyumba, mkazi wa Yaroslavna akuyembekezera kuti abwerere, momwe wolemba amafanizira ndi cockoo:

Monga cuckoo kumayambiriro kwamasika.

Yaroslavna amatcha achichepere

Pakhomopo pali tawuni yomvetsa chisoni.

Atawuka pamalo achitetezo, "Yaroslavna, wachisoni, ngati nkhamu, amayitana a Jura", akulankhula ndi chilengedwe, amagawana nawo chisoni, akufunsa "kupulumutsa mwamuna wake wokondedwa kutali".

Cuckoo - mbalame yonyansa, pano Yaroslavna akulira, akutsutsa:

- Ndikutembenuka, Cockoo wosauka,

Ndiwuluka mumtsinje wa Danube ...

Ndipo m'mawa ndili ndi mabala amazi ...

Sizowopsa kuti mwambo wa "Kufuula ndi nkhaka" udakalipobe mpaka pano, pamene akazi akufuna kulekanitsidwa ndikupita kunkhalangoko ndikugawana zobvuta zawo ndi nkhaka, ndipo nkhaka imawuluka ngati nthumwi ndikupitilira "wokonda" wokondedwa zonse zomwe zanenedwa.

"Mawu ..." ozika mizu mu chikhalidwe cha anthu, ali ndi mbiri yotchuka padziko lonse lapansi.

Zikhalidwe za makolo zimasungidwa bwino zopeka.

Olankhula za nkhakao amalemba mosiyanasiyana, akufotokozera momwe akumvera. Chithunzi cha m'neneri wamatsenga wa tsogolo labwino chawonetsedwa m'mavesi a ndakatulo zaku Russia, mwachitsanzo:

Monga wotsatsa malonda ambiri

Adzauza aliyense amene samva chisoni

Ndi ma mangala angati ali pamtengo wa paini

Muli ndi zaka zingati ine ndi ine. (Tatyana Lavrova "The Cuckoo").

Monga kuti mwangozi.

Atsikanawa ali ndi cockoo

Amadziwika kuti ndi mneneri. (Tatyana Nikolaeva "The Cuckoo").

Apanso, cuckoo adayamba kuphika,

Anataya mtima ndikuyambiranso.

Kugona mozungulira kuseka chizindikiro cha zakale

Wochokera ku ma pines otentha utoto. (Konstantin Vanshenkin "The Cuckoo").

Mukundipukusa pang'ono

Maulalo a kasupe wonse

Kupitilizabe pa zidzukulu za zidzukulu

Osachepera kunja kwa ngodya ya diso lako ndi kuwona (Sergey Cheprov "Zosangalatsa" zopanda pake "zinauluka ...").

Kukonda zachilengedwe kumabedwa ndi ndakatulo ya S. Cheprov "Cuckoo". Msonkhano wosayembekezeka ndi mbalame "Ndidamva cockoo. Ndimaganiza kuti kuyimba m'makutu mwanga ... ", wolemba ndakatuloyo adakondwera:" ... Nyimboyi idandiyimbanso ndili mwana. " Kusangalala ndi nyimbo "yokoma, yokongola kwambiri", wolemba ndakatuloyo "adayiwala kuwerenga zaka", samadikira ulosi, koma amakumana ndi msonkhano wosowa ndi mbalame. Epithet "yowala" "ku-ku" imafotokoza momwe wolemba amakhudzira mbalameyi, ikugogomezera chapamwamba, modekha komanso modekha. The periphrase imathandizanso kukhazikika mu lingaliro ili: "" cockoo "wowoneka bwino wa ku Russia, wokongola wachisomo!” Phokoso lokhazikika limapereka chidwi, kukonda dziko. Cockoo chasandulika chizindikiro cha nkhwangwa, chisomo chobiriwira.

Mu ndakatulo ina ("Woseka" "keke") adauluka ...) S. Cheprov amagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "zoseketsa" chifukwa amayembekeza maulosi abwino kuchokera ku nkhakoo, ngakhale amadziwa kuti anthu ali ndi malingaliro osiyana ndi ake.

Mwakhala mukugulitsana kwazaka zambiri.

Ndani wakhumudwa ndi ndani amene asangalatsidwa.

Kudziyitanira mwachindunji kwa mbalameyo kumawonetsa chikoka chauzimu:

Zatsala zaka zingati kwa ine

Cuckoo, wokondedwa, tinene.

Wolemba ndakatuloyu waphunzira kuyamika zomwe ali nazo, "Ndakhala kale kwambiri," koma akufuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali ("ndikadyeko zochulukirapo"), amagwiritsa ntchito maeverfessuffes ("" groves ") ngati njira yowonetsera chikondi chake ku Mamaland.

Tatyana Nikolaeva amakhulupirira mbalame yauneneri:

Mabatani akulira madzi

Tikukhulupirira kuti cuckoo ibala mwadala.

Mawu oti "mosazindikira" mu ndakatulo yake "Cuckoo" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri: osati pacholinga, osati kwa aliyense wa cuckoo. Amakhala otanganidwa ndi bizinesi yake, koma lingaliro la iye ngati wambwebzi lakhazikitsidwa kuyambira kalekale. Ndakatulo "Cuckoo" wolemba Tatyana Petrovna Nikolaeva akuti, mwakuweruza "zikhulupiriro," nthano za Abuda ", mbalameyi ndi" woperekeza wa mizimu yakufa kumoyo wamoyo "(uwu ndi" mathero ake "," mphatso ya cuckoo ").

Mfundo yoti nkhaka ikumbutsa anthu za kutaya, za akufa (“Kapena amene anakumbukira kutaya”) yafotokozedwa mu ndakatulo ya Afanasy Afanasievich Fet "The Cuckoo": "Mtima. "Kondani chilichonse chomwe chakhala kwamuyaya." Koma sikuti kuimba kwawoko komwe kumakumbutsa munthu zakale, chikhulupiriro cham'tsogolo, "kuphukira" kumalumikizidwanso. Kodi nkhakao ikulingalira chiyani?

Ndipo katatu

Choyera komanso chamdima: cuckoo.

Epithet "golide wa nkhaka" akuwonetsa mkhalidwe wabwino wa wolemba mbalameyo, yomwe imadzionanso kuti ndi mtundu wa masika, chizindikiro cha kubadwanso.

Ndipo ndakatulo ya Elena Aleksandrovna Blaginina "Cuckoo" imafanana ndi nyimbo zachikhalidwe. Kukana, monga polo nyimbo, kumveka "cuckoo" katatu. Kuwongolera mwachindunji - kumapeto kwa ndakatulo "ku-ku" kawiri - kofanana ndi mawonekedwe, abwino:

M'ndakatulo iyi, wolemba akulemekeza chikhalidwe chake, ndichifukwa chake mawu omwe ali ndi tanthauzo lofooka amagwiritsidwa ntchito: "tsiku", "mzere wasodzi", "phula", "kamphepo", "Mtengo wa Khrisimasi". Kutsimikizika kukukhala kosavuta kumva komanso kopanda mzimu wachilengedwe: "tsiku lotsetsereka," "mawu achisoni," "chilimwe chikufalikira mwakachetechete," "chimanunkhira ngati phula lotentha kwambiri." Chilichonse ndichokondedwa kwambiri pamtima, chifukwa chake "mawu achisoni" a cuckoo akuwoneka kuti ndi "kokkoo wokongola." Chikkoo chokha, "chamtundu wosavuta", chotseguka, "chosinthika", "chimayenda uku ndi uku ndikuwedza" "kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo" "pafupi, kutali," mwachangu kuchenjeza kuti "dzinja likutuluka."

Wowerenga amawerengera mopepuka ndakatulo ya Tatyana Lavrova "Cuckoo". Mzere woyamba umathandizira kulowa mumlengalenga wamasamba, wobiriwira, kusamvana kwa mbalame: "Ndizabwino m'nkhalango yamasika." Mawu omwe ali pagawo "labwino", "kununkhiza" ndi "mwakachetechete" amathandizira kuti asangowona nkhalangoyi, kununkhiza, komanso kumva moyo wake. Kwaya yamatchi imatsogolera ndi fussy cuckoo: "adawuluka ndipo adafulumira kulowa bizinesi." Kufunika ndi kudalirana kwa mbalameyi m'nkhalangozi ndikudziwikiratu:

Ndikufuna kumudziwa kwambiri

Chilichonse mthengo chinayamba kuwerengera.

Cockoo ndi wofunitsitsa kudziwa, chifukwa chake ndiwosangalatsa kwambiri. Wolemba amagwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe ikufanizira, yomwe imawonetsera zobisika ndikutsutsa nthano ya wambwezi "wamkulu":

Ndi ma mangala angati ali pamtengo wa paini

Muli ndi zaka zingati ine ndi ine.

Zilibe kanthu kuti pali mitengo ingapo ya mtengo wa paini, ndikofunikira "muli ndi zaka zingati," ndipo simukukhulupirira "zonenedweratu" za nkhakao. Koma malingaliro a ndakatuloyo kwa mbalameyo ndi okoma mtima, olemekezeka, opatsa ulemu, chifukwa ngwazi yam'mimba imangodzimva yokha ikulira, komanso imapangitsa ena kumvetsera mwachidwi, funso longopeka: "Kodi mwamva?"

"Olimba Mtima", ngwazi ya ndakatulo yotchedwa "Cuckoo" yolembedwa ndi Konstantin Vanshenkin, "adachita mantha" pomwe Cockoo adangokhala chete osayankha "poyamba" kufunso lomwe lidafunsidwa: "Kodi ndidzakhala mpaka liti kudziko lapansi?" Kenako nkhakayo inanyamulidwa ndi khwangwala, ndipo mnyamatayo "adalephera" ndipo adayamba kuseka "ndikuwonetsa kale." Mantha osungunuka:

Ndipo tayenda padziko lapansi tsiku losatha

Ndipo zinali, monga kusukulu, kumuwona ngati waulesi kwambiri.

Monga mukuwonera, m'ndakatulo iyi chithunzi cha chikko ndichowala. Zolemba zokhudzana ndi ubwana zimalumikizana ndi icho;

Wolemba ndakatulo Wachingelezi, William Wordsworth mu ndakatulo ya "Cuckoo" amatcha mbalameyo "alendo obwera kuthengo", "mwambi":

Kodi ndinu ndani? - mbalame, zopanda kanthu

Mawu okha ochokera kumwamba?

Simuli mbalame kwa ine: ayi, ndinu mzimu,

Mwambi, mawu okha.

Kuyimba kwa mbalameyi kumawoneka ngati ngwazi yamphepo "kubuula kwamawu awiri." Kodi kubuyutsa nkhaka ndi chiyani? Zinsinsi zomwe mbalame yophiphiritsa imaphimbidwa ndizowoneka bwino.Pansi pa "moans" zotsatizana za "masiku akale" zikutuluka. Koma galu wamatsenga amasangalala ndi kuyimba kwamakutu kuti: "Ndili wokondwa kumva kulira kwanu mumthunzi wamtchire," "Ndikumva mawu anu mosangalala." Amabweretsa chisangalalo:

Ndiponso dziko lapansi limawoneka kwa ine

Mtundu wina wa ufumu wa maloto.

Koma si onse olemba ndakatulo onse omwe adabwera ndikusangalala ndi kuyimba kwake. Mu ndakatulo "The Cuckoo and the Nightingale" ya 1825, Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin juxtaposes "oyimba" awiri a "usiku wopanda ntchito." Wina ndi "woimba osiyanasiyana kasupe" - Nightingale, winayo - "cookie imodzi imabwereza yake." Malinga ndi wolemba, cuckoo sangathe kuyimitsa mpikisano ndi Nightingale, koma akufanana ndi kuyimba kwake: "Zomwezi pambuyo pake ndizofanana"! Makhalidwe olakwika kwa nkhakao amagogomezera ma epithets kuti "opusa" komanso "odzikonda." Liwu loti "kunyada" limadzetsa kudabwitsanso pakati pa owerenga: a wolimba mtima cuckoo, chifukwa limawonetsa zovuta usiku womwewo. Nyimbo yake yanyengo ikudzutsa wandakatulo. "Sindimakonda kusewera, magazi, magazi, malingaliro, malingaliro anga amakhazikika chifukwa cholakalaka," Pushkin adavomereza. . Ndipo pano cuckoo "ibwereza yake":

Osathawa. Tipulumutseni, Mulungu.

Kuchokera kwa wophika wa elegiac!

Kodi "kuthawa"? Kuchokera kukhumba? Makumbukidwe? Kapena mwina kuchokera kuulosi wa cuckoo?

Ntchitoyi, yomwe imatchula nkhaka ngati mayi woipa, ndi nthano ya Samuel Yakovlevich Marshak "Cuckoo."

Katswiri wamatsenga amalowa m'makambirano ndi nkhakao, ataona "kulengeza kwake" kuti "akupatsa mwana wabwino banja" kwa mwana wake. "Labwino" amalingalira banja "" kukameta ubweya, skate, urticaria, zoryanka. " Palinso adilesi yobwereza ya "amayi": "nkhalango, m'malire a nkhalango, mtengo wa khumi ndi chisanu."

Amadziwika kuti cockoo si mbalame yowala konse, maula odzichepetsera, ammunda wamba. Ku Marshak, ndi "wanzeru", zomwe zikutanthauza zowala. Amamutsimikizira kuchuluka kwake, ngakhale ulesi. Ngwazi yamimba imamufunsa:

Ndiwe mayi wachichepere

Nchiyani chimakupangitsani kuti mupereke mwana wanu?

Kapena pali njira zingapo zomwe zatsala m'nkhalango?

Wodzaza mphamvu, wathanzi, ndipo chifukwa chiyani, wolumikizirayo amathedwa nzeru, amapatsa mwana m'manja molakwika? Ndipo amamuyankha mwachindunji, mosakayikira kuti: “Ndifuna moyo. Ana, achichepere, amatilepheretsa kukhala m'dziko lapansi. ” Cockoo amadziwa kufunika kwake: "Ndine wokondwa, wokongola, wachinyamata, ndimakonda ufulu." Amavomereza kuti sapanga zisa, popanda ana adzakhala ndi moyo "pang'ono." Amakhala osadzitchinjiriza ndi maubwenzi ndi udindo uliwonse, ndipo kwa ana ake "zotsatira za msonkhano mwangozi". Amasokoneza zokambirana ("adandigwirira pang'ono") ndikupita mwachangu kukakumana ndi "bwenzi la osowa pokhala".

Khalidwe la zongopeka limamangidwa pamiyeso:

Ndimakonda kumvera ma cockoos mchaka ...

Mawu awo amamveka ofatsa, mokweza ...

Komabe, ndimamvera chisoni Cockoo!

Mu nthano iyi, S.Ya. Marshak amadzudzula azimayi omwe asiya ana awo. Cuckoo ndi chithunzi choyipa.

Kuti timvetsetse chithunzithunzi cha nkhambakamwa zopeka, tidasanthula ntchito za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Olemba ndakatulo ndi olemba ena amachitiranso nkhaza mosiyanasiyana. Mu 82% ya ntchito zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pantchitoyo, chithunzi cha cuckoo ndichabwino. Amawonetsedwa ngati woyeserera masika, kuyimba kwake kumapangitsa olemba kulemba kuti asamakhale mwana wosasamala, za dziko lakwawo, amakhala ndi chiyembekezo champhamvu kwa aliyense amene amamva iye "cuckoo". Lingaliro la iye ngati mneneri wamkazi ndi "mistress" likugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu wamba.

Mu 18% ya ntchito zomwe zimatsimikizidwa mu ntchitoyi, chithunzi cha cuckoo ndichabwino. Lingaliro ndi mawonekedwe awa a chithunzicho ndiactactic mwachilengedwe, limabwereranso kumizu yodziwika bwino, ndizotsatira zakuwunika koyipa kwa anthu am'chitidwe wa cuckoo.

Kwa ife owerenga, zopeka zimatiphunzitsa zambiri. Amasunga zaka zapitazo za moyo wa munthu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti nthano komanso nthano zopeka zimapanga malingaliro owerenga za nkhamboyi ndikuwona.

3. Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za cockoo

Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za moyo wa mbalameyi?

Sikovuta kuti wokhala m'mizinda akumane ndikoiko. Mzinda wathu ndi wocheperako, womwe uli pafupi ndi mtsinje wa Belaya, wozunguliridwa ndi nyumba zanyengo yachilimwe, aliyense adamva mawu amoyo a cuckoo, koma ochepa adawona. Ndi 36% yokha mwa ana omwe anafunsidwa omwe anatha kudziwa chilichonse chokhudza mbalame iyi: "imvi", "chowoneka bwino", "chochepera makumi anayi, koma chachikulu kuposa nyenyezi", "imawuluka ngati ndege ya helikopita." Zambiri sizachuma.

Kufunso "Kodi mumadziwa za ntchito yanji?", 40% ya omwe adafunsidwa adayankha yankho labwino: wina amakumbukira (anyamata achichepere) kuwerengera "Cockoo adapita kutchire ...", ndipo ophunzira mkalasi amadziwa "Nkhani ya Kucloo" ya a Cuckoo ndi Tambala. " Zidutswa ziwiri zokha. Tinadabwitsidwa kuti akuluakulu amavutika kuyankha funsoli.

Ku funso loti "mbalameyi ndiyotani yapadera?" Onse adangonena kuti adaikira mazira ake pachisa cha anthu ena, koma bwanji adatero, palibe amene adayankha.

Pamafunso oti "Mukuganiza bwanji, ndipo chifukwa chake anthu amatero ndi njira yotereyi?" adayankha mosiyanasiyana. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti anthu amanyoza cockoo chifukwa ndi mayi woipa, 20% ya omwe anafunsidwa amaganiza kuti anthu amawopa zonenedweratu za cockoo ndipo amakhulupirira zinthu zopanda anthu, 8% yokha ndi yomwe imaganiza kuti anthu amapulumutsa nkhaka, monga mbalame ina iliyonse, 24% imakhala ndi zovuta perekani yankho ku funso. "Ndi gulu liti la anthu lomwe mumathandizira? - Kuyankha: "Ndikunyoza, monga wina aliyense" - 36%, "Ndimaopa zoneneratu" - 12%, "Pepani" - 52%. Ku funso loti "Kodi mukumvanso chidwi ndi mbalameyi?" 72% ya omwe adayankha adayankha yankho loipa, ndipo 28% amamvera chisoni mbalameyo chifukwa ndi yosamukasamuka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ilinso ndi zovuta zaulendo wautali, iyenera kukhala yolimba. Amvetsetsa kuti chilengedwe chikuwonongeka, ndipo cockoo iyenera kukhala ndi moyo mwa njira yake.

Kufunsa, kulankhulana ndi ana ndi akulu, tidadabwa kuti anthu ali ndi chidziwitso chosakwanira (ngati zili zowona, zochepa!) Zambiri zokhudzana ndi moyo wa cuckoo. Zimakhala zovuta kumuwona, koma ngati aliyense amene tamufunsa atamumva akuyimba, amakhala pafupi nafe. Funso ndilosiyana: kodi zingatheke bwanji kuti munthu asakhale ndi chidwi ndi moyo wa mbalame yomwe imakhala m'dera lathu? Kodi kupanda chidwi kwathu kumatilepheretsa kukhala ndi moyo? Ndi miyambi ingati, nthano, zikhulupiriro, zomwe amatenga pa izi, koma ambiri sadziwa za izo. Kodi nchifukwa ninji anthu samadziwa zochepa za cockoo, ndipo ngakhale munthawi yathu ya makompyuta, ambiri akupitilizabe kukhulupirira zoneneratu?

4. wamba cockoo

Cuckoo ndi mbalame yaying'ono, yocheperako pang'ono kuposa nkhunda (kutalika kwa thupi masentimita 40, kulemera pafupifupi 100 g), imakhala yofalikira ku Russian Federation ndipo imapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, makamaka komwe malo ambiri okhala ndi nyimbo (passerines).

Kukhalapo kwa nkhakao kumadziwika mosavuta ndi mawonekedwe a nyimbo za amuna - akhwangwala, omwe amamveka kumapeto kwa nkhalango, m'nkhalango m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi maiwe, komanso m'mapaki ndi m'minda yomwe ili pafupi ndi maderawo.

Kuphika nthawi zambiri kumayambira mu Meyi-Juni ndikuyimilira mu theka lachiwiri la chilimwe. Imamveka nthawi zambiri m'mawa ndi madzulo, koma imamvekanso masana komanso usiku. Amuna okha ndi omwe amaphika. Ndi "hunkoo" wawo wakhalidwe, amayitanitsa azimayi omwe amalabadira kuyitanidwa uku ndikulira mokweza, ofanana ndi "subs-gare".

Nthawi zambiri nkhaka sizimamanga zisa. Pambuyo pakukhwima, zazimuna nthawi ya kasupe zimayikira mazira 10 mpaka 20, ndipo nthawi zina (kuyambira masiku awiri mpaka atatu) ndikuziponyera zisa za anthu ena, chimodzi. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti, utoto, kukula ndi mawonekedwe, dzira la cuckoo ndi lofanana kwambiri ndi dzira la mbalame lomwe limaponyera chisa chake. Ku Southern Primorye, ma cockoos amayikira mazira awo mu zisa za oatmeal, kumpoto kwa Primorye - mu zisa za mabango osiyidwa, m'matanthwe a Transbaikalia - mu zisa za steppe ridge, m'nkhalango-steppe yaku Western Siberia - mu zisa za dimba bango, m'nkhalango malo ofiira a Siberia kapena wokwera matalala, ndi ku nkhalango ya ku Siberia - tundra - chisa cha zinyalala za oatmeal, m'nkhalango ya gawo la ku Europe la Russia - kukhala zisa za munda warbler kapena redstart wamba, komanso m'mapiri a Caucasus - zisa za redstart, chernushka, etc. Pafupifupi mitundu 150 ya mbalame imadziwika yomwe imakhala makolo olera a nkhakao. Dzira lake limalemera magalamu atatu okha ndipo limafunikira makulitsidwe masiku 12 okha. Amakhulupiliridwa, koma sizikudziwika kuti nkhaka imanyamula chisa, chofanana ndi momwe chidadzigwetsera. Kukhazikika mu mtundu umodzi wa makolo olera ana am'tsogolo kukufotokozedwa kuti makoko amodzi omwewo amayika mazira amtundu womwewo ndi kukula komwe, ndiye kuti, amayesa kubereka mtundu womwewo wa mazira a eni chisa. Akazi amtundu uliwonse wamtundu wapadera (wotchedwa gene) amadutsa chromosome kuchokera kumibadwo kupita ku mibadwo yawo yachikazi. Chifukwa chake, majini omwe amachititsa mazira ndi kukula kwa mazira amapatsiridwa kokha ndi amayi a mwana wamkazi ndipo ndi zotsatira za kusankha kwachilengedwe. Amuna okwatirana ndi oimira mizere yonse, motero amasunga umodzi wamtunduwu. Kuphatikiza apo, mbadwa zazimayi za nkhaka imodzi nthawi zambiri zimakumbukira mawonekedwe a makolo awo owalera ndipo nthawi zambiri zimabweranso chilimwe chotsatira kumalo komwe zidakulira.

Chilako chilichonse chimakhala ndi malo ena ake komwe chimaswanirapo, chimafunafuna zisa za anthu ena. Wamphongo yemwe ali ndi nkhaka yake amchenjeza nkhwawa zina kuti malowa ndi otanganidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, amathandizira mayiyo kupeza chisa choyenera kuponyera mazira, kuwuluka pamalowo ndikuwopseza mbalame zazing'ono. Nthawi zina, mbalame zimapita naye kukasaka ndipo zimathawa, ndikuwapatsa zisa zawo. Nthawi zina, iwo, ataphunzira kusiyanitsa nkhaka ndi kambuku, amasonkhana pagulu ndipo amenya mwamphamvu mwamphongo, kuyesera kuti amuthamangitse kutali momwe angathere. M'njira zonsezi, mbalamezo zimasokoneza chidwi cha mbalame zomwe zili ndi zisa zawozo ndipo zimathandiza kuti njuchi yaikaziyo izituluka ndi kuyikira dzira. Nthawi zambiri amachiyika mchisa ndi ndulu zosakwanira. Nthawi yomweyo, amatulutsa mazira amodzi mu chisa. Ngati chisa ndichotseguka (mwachitsanzo, chopindika, chopindika, nkhalangoyi), nkhakayo imakhala mwachindunji pachisa ndikugona dzira. Ngati mwayi wotseka chisa ndikovuta ukakhala mumphepete mwa madzi (mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi ntchentche, redstart, tit), kenako nkhakoyo imayikira dzira pansi, kenako mulomo imabweretsa ndikudziyika.

Kutha kwa nkhonya yomwe yatayika kumadalira nthawi yowoneka mchisa. Dzira likaponyedwa panthawi yomwe dzira likugoneka, mbalame zomwe zakhala zikulandirazo zimachoka mchisa kapena kutaya dzira lachilendo lomwe latuluka. Ngati dzira la cuckoo likalowetsa chisa pomwe chachikazi chimayamba kulowerera dzira litagoneka, ndiye kuti sazindikira dzira la kachilomboka ndikusiyira m'chisa. Pambuyo masiku 12 a makulitsidwe, zikamba za nkhakao, zotsatiridwa ndi anapiye ena. Komabe, khungu lofewa lamatchuo limakhudza kwambiri kukhudza kwamtundu uliwonse. Kwa masiku asanu oyamba (mawonekedwe a nthenga asanaonekere pakhungu), ali ndi chibadwa chamunthu. Chigoba cha mazira ndi anapiye ena ayamba kumuvutitsa, iye amayesera kudzipulumutsa okha kwa iwo. Ngati anapiye oyandikana nawo pafupi ndi nkhakao ndi timatumba tating'onoting'ono pafupi nayo, chomalizacho chili ndi kayendedwe kapadera ka thupi kamasunthira mwana wakeyo kumbuyo kwake, komwe kuli fossa yozungulira, komwe kumakhala kovuta kutuluka. Kenako cockoo imasunthira mbali ya chisa ndipo, ikukwera, imaponyera mwana wankhukuyo pansi. Chifukwa chake amasinthana kumasula chisa ku zinthu zakunja (anapiye ndi mazira). Patatha masiku asanu, nkhamboyi safuna kutaya chilichonse, ndipo ngati imodzi mwa anapiyewo idatha kupulumuka nthawi imeneyi, palibe amene angamukhudze. Koma mwayi woti ana otsalawo apulumuke akadali wocheperako - chowonadi ndichakuti nkhaka zimagwira chakudya chonse chomwe chimabwera ndi mbalame zazikulu, kotero kuti anapiye ena onse amafa ndi njala. Kumanzere, pamapeto pake, yekha, amapita ku chisamaliro chokwanira cha makolo ake omulera, omwe sazindikira kuti cockoo sichofanana kwambiri ndi anapiye ake. Amakhala ndi nthawi yodyetsa poyambira, tsiku limodzi. Ponseponse, cockoo nthawi zambiri amakhala pachisa milungu itatu, koma, kusiya chisacho, kumawuluka moipa, kumayambiranso kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi. Kuposanso bwino, kumayamba kuwuluka patangotha ​​sabata imodzi kuchokera pachisa.

Cockoo ndi mbalame yokongola kwambiri. M'nyengo yonse ya chilimwe, chimapukusa mbozi zowononga, makamaka zazitsitsi, zomwe zimapetsedwa pafupifupi mbalame zazing'ono. Mulole nsikidzi, agulugufe amadyedwa. Zipatso zofewa zimaphatikizidwanso muzakudya zawo. Mimba yake nthawi zambiri imakhala yolumikizidwa ndi tsitsi la mbozi zomwe zimawoneka ngati zakulungwa ndi ubweya. Ndi ntchito yofunikayi, cuckoo, mosakayikira, imakwirira kuvulaza komwe parasitism yake imabweretsa zisa za mbalame zazing'ono. Asayansi ambiri amawona kuti ndi imodzi mwama mbalame othandiza kwambiri kuthengo.

Chapakati pa Julayi, nkhaka zimanyamuka nthawi yachisanu kukakhala kotentha komanso ku South Africa, madera akumwera kwa Arabia Peninsula, India, Ceylon, Indochina kapena zigawo zakumwera kwa China. Chakumapeto kwa Epulo, kumayambiriro kwa Meyi, ma cockoos abwerera kwawo. Poyamba amphongo amafika, m'masiku ochepa akazi amawonekera

Ngakhale kuwonongeka kwa nkhaka kwa mbadwa za mitundu yambiri ya nyimbo, ma cockoos ayenera kuwonedwa ngati mbalame zothandiza, chifukwa amawononga tizirombo tambiri taminda yaz mitengo. Kuphatikiza apo, iwo amasangalatsa anthu mwa kulira kwawo, ngati kuti akutsindika chithunzithunzi chakubwera.

Kodi Cockoo akulira chiyani? Mwina ndi momwe moyo wake udachitikira: kuyimba nyimbo yachikondi, akuwuluka kuchokera kutali kwambiri ku Africa kupita kudziko lakwawo, kuti apulumutse ana, akusaka "makolo" odalirika a anapiye amtsogolo. Samapanga zisa, kuti asafe ndi njala mwa iye, chifukwa yamphongo siyimuthandiza kumatchingira mazira kapena kudyetsa anapiye. Ali yekha.

Mwinatu nkhaka ikulira kuti mitsinje ikuuma ndipo nkhalango zikuyaka, minda yamithunzi yadulidwa ndi anthu. Kapena mwina amalira chifukwa cha chidwi chathu: nkhakoo zidzapulumuka, motero adzapulumuka. Ayi, ayi? Koma bwanji za nkhalango zachilengedwe zopanda “nkhaka” zaku Russia? ” Kuyimba kwake kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi lingaliro lathu la Amayi.

Chifaniziro cha nkhakao chimayamikiridwa mu zojambulajambula za pakamwa komanso zopeka. Simungathe kupirira ndi kusadziwa kwathu kwa mbalameyi. Tiyenera kuganizira chifukwa chomwe nkhaka yayamba kutichezera pang'ono.

Ntchito yofufuzira ndiyothandiza. Ntchito yathu ndikuwonetsa chidwi cha anthu ku chikhalidwe chawo, kuteteza zachilengedwe, mbiri yakale ya miyambo, chikhalidwe chawo. Mpofunika kuti tizigwiritsa ntchito izi pawotchi.

1. Bayanov M.G., Mamatov A.F. Mbalame Zakum'mwera Akumwera. - Ufa: Kitap, 2009 .-- 376 p., P. 210

3. Gerasimov V.P. Ufumu wa nyama m'dziko lathu: buku la aphunzitsi poyambira. makalasi. - 2nd ed., Chiv. Ndipo onjezerani. - M: Maphunziro, 1985 .-- 208 p., P. 97-99

4. Mawu a William William. Cuckoo.

5. Lavrova T. Poem Cuckoo. http://www.boxter.org/stihi/show.php?id=359

6. Marshak S.Ya. Cuckoo. Nyengo: Olemba ndakatulo aku Russia onena za chilengedwe. - L: Lenizdat, 1985, 238 p. - (“Library Library”, p. 64).

8. Pushkin A.S. Imagwira m'mavoliyumu atatu. T.1. ndakatulo. - Ivanovo: Kampani ya Fora. 1995 - 636 p., P. 382

9. Fet A.A. Ndakatulo. Prose. Makalata. - M: Owls. Russia, 1988 .-- 464 p., P. 143

10. Cheprov. S. Ndakatulo. hppt: //www.voskres.ru/literature/poetry/cheprov1.htm

15. "Mawu onena za gulu la a Igor." Per. N.A. Zabolotsky. Zolemba. 9 cl. Wolemba zolemba pamabuku aphunziro wamba. mabungwe. Mu maola 2, Gawo 1 / Ed. V.Ya. Korovina. - 12th. - M: Maphunziro, 2006.— 369 p., P. 29-30

16. Encyclopedia ya ana. Mbalame ndi nyama / Chap. Mkonzi. V.A. Volodin, Ved. Mkonzi. G.E. Vilchek. - M.: Avanta +, 2003 .-- 448 p., P. 120-121

2. Nthano ya nkhakao.

4. Cuckoo ndi maluwa a cockoo.

1. Blaginina E. "Cuckoo."

2. Vanshenkin K. "Cuckoo."

3. Wordsworth W. "Cuckoo."

4. Lavrova T. "Cuckoo."

5. Marshak S. "Cuckoo."

6. Nikolaeva T. "The Cuckoo."

7. Pushkin A. "Nightingale ndi Cuckoo".

8. Fet A. "Cuckoo."

9. Cheprov S. "Cuckoo", "Ckokoo" woseketsa adauluka ... "

1. Mbale ndi mlongo.

Nthawi zingapo, m'bale ndi mlongo amakhala pakati pa mapiri amtambo. Iwo analibe makolo, amayi awo ankadyetsa dziko lapansi. M'chaka chimodzi kudali chilala choopsa, dziko lapansi lidakhala lopanda kanthu, tsamba limodzi lidalibe. Mitengo inayamba kuuma, mbalame sizinayimbenso. Amawulukira kutali komwe kuli chakudya cha anapiye. Mitsinje idawuma. Chilichonse pozungulira chawonongeka.

Mlongo wanga ndi mchimwene wanga anagwetsa misozi yambiri.Koma adzawathandiza ndani? Kenako m'baleyo anauza mlongo wake kuti: “Ndipitako chakudya. Ndibwerera kwa inu posachedwa. Ndidikire, mlongo! ” adanyamuka, ndipo mlongo wake akuyembekezera tsiku lake, linanso, lachitatu ... Mwezi wadutsa, wapita. Nthawi yayitali yapita, mitsinje yambiri idayenda - palibe m'bale. Kenako mlongo uja anaganiza zopita kukafufuza m'bale wake. Iye anayenda kupyola mitsinje, zigwa, anawoloka mapiri atali. Pomaliza, iye anali wamkulu. Amawona mtengo utayimirira. Amafuna kupumula pansi pa mtengo, kubwera pafupi ndi mtengowo, ndipo pansi pake pali mafupa amunthu. Mtsikanayo adazindikira mchimwene wake. Kwa nthawi yayitali anali ndi chisoni. Misozi yopweteka kwambiri idatsika m'maso mwanga. Analira, atakhala pansi pamtengo. Ndipo nyanja idapanga misozi yake. Udzu unali wobiriwira m'mphepete mwa maluwa, maluwa adaphukira. Ndipo msungwanayo kuchokera pachisoni ndi chisoni adasanduka chikkoo. Ndipo tsopano iye akuuluka, alirira m'bale wake, auza aliyense za chisoni chake. Amayimba: "Monga nkhumba, ngati nkhumba." Izi zikutanthauza: "Mafupa okha, palibe."

Mverani mosamala ku kuyimba kwa nkhakoo. Zowona, amaimba za zinazake zachisoni.

2. Nthano ya nkhakao.

Cuckoo anali mtsikana. Atsikana adasamba padziwe, adasiya dziwe, ndikuyamba kuvala. Msungwana wina kumavalidwe ake: adalowa. Amakhala., Atakulungidwa mu mpira, mtsikanayo sangatenge diresi. Mutani? Ndipo anayamba kuuza kamtsikanayo kuti: "Ndituluka ngati ndiwe wanga, ngati sindikupatsa zovala zako." Kodi ndingakwatire bwanji kale? Mtsikanayo adayimirira pafupi ndi madzi ndikuyimirira pamenepo mpaka nthawi yoti apite kumudzi. Kenako adatenga chovala chake njokayo, ndipo akuti m'maganizo mwake: "Ndikukwatira, tumiza ochita masewera."

Posakhalitsa opanga machesi afika. Amawapatsanso ana. Anakondwerera ukwati. Mwamuna wake samutengera kwa iye, koma akuti: "Khala ndi abambo ako."

Mwamuna wake atanena kuti apita komwe anakasambira. "Ndipita, koma ngati ndapita nthawi yayitali, ndiye mupite kumeneko ndikafuule:" Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Ndidzabwera kwa inu. Ndipo ndikupita: ndi nthawi yoti muwone abale anga. Simunafune kupita kubanja langa, koma sindingathe kukhala popanda banja. ”

Adachoka. Palibe ayi kwa nthawi yayitali. Mkaziyo adafika pamalopo ndikufuula kuti: “Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Mwamuna wake anasambira pamene anali kulira, ndipo anayambiranso kukhala ndi moyo. Pobwerera kwawo, adalamula mkazi wake kuti amutaye kumadzi ngati atapita nthawi yayitali. Zinachitika kuti kachitatu kuti adzacheze abale ake. Iye akuti kwa mkazi wake: “Tsopano mukundiyitana, mudzabwera kuti:“ Ku-ku! Cuckoo! " Mwina tsopano sindibwera kwa inu. Ngati sindisambira, nditumiza mnzanga. Ngati mukufuna kundiona, khalani pa bwenzi langa akabwera kwa inu ndipo azibwera nanu pabanja langa. Ndikufunsani: bwerani kwa ine, koma simufuna kubwera kwa ine mwachangu, simudzakhala mkazi ndipo simubwerera kwanu: mudzakhala mbalame. ”

Koma sanafune kupita ku msuzi, yemwe anali mwamuna wake, ndipo anasandulika mbalame, nawuluka ndipo tsopano awuluka.

Kekuk - dzina lake linali la mwana wamlonda. Nthawi ina, ndikupita kumtunda, adakwatiwa ndi mwana wamkazi wa mfumu. Atakwatirana kwakanthawi, adauza mwana wake wamkazi kuti: "Ndifuna kuwona makolo anga," adalowa m'madzi ndipo sanawonekenso. Pazisoni ndi chisoni, mtsikana adayendayenda m'mbali mwa nyanja.

Mwanjira ina, akuphatikiza tsitsili, mwana wamkazi wachifumu adaganiza mumtima mwake: "Ngati sabwerera, palibe chilichonse choti ndikhale padziko lapansi, ndibwino kusanduka mbalame ndikuuluka." Ndipo zofuna zake zidakwaniritsidwa - adasandulika mbalame ndikuuluka kulikonse. Zinachitika mwachangu kwambiri kotero kuti anatha kuluka umodzi basi, pomwe winayo sanali wolimba.

Iwo ati chifukwa nkhaka imakhala ndi phiko limodzi, imasokonekera ndikutsitsidwa.

Moyo wa mayi wachichepere unadutsa pachisoni ndi kufunafuna kosalekeza kwa mwamuna wake. Amamuyitanabe mwamuna wake "wophika keke!"

1. Cuckoo ndi maluwa a cockoo.

M'masiku akale kwambiri, fuko la Bashkir limakhala kumapiri akumwera kwa Ural Tau. Nthawi zambiri amaukiridwa ndi mafuko oyandikana nawo. Anaukira pamenepo. Ndipo Achiashkolo amtunduwo anali ndi wolamulira wotchedwa Kekuk. Anasonkhanitsa Egeti wake wolimba mtima ndikupanga motsutsana ndi adani. Atasiya kumenya nkhondo, adauza wokondedwa wake Karagash, yemwe adamukonda kuyambira paubwana: "Ndikakhalabe m'munda, maluwa ofiira amakula kuchokera magazi anga. Adzakukumbutsani za chikondi changa. Ndikhulupirireni: ngati sindibwerera, dzina langa libwerenso! " "Ngakhale zitakhala bwanji, sindingasinthane ndi wina aliyense, ndikudikirira!" - adayankha Karagash kwa wokondedwa wake.

Atakwera mahatchi awo okhala ndi mapiko, othamanga anathamangira kunkhondo. Posakhalitsa adawona gulu lankhondo lambiri. Nkhondo yoopsa idayamba. Mbali iliyonse inalakika, kenako inayo. Nkhondo itatha, palibe mzimu wamoyo womwe udatsalira kunkhondo. Nkhani ya izi idafikira anthu a fuko la Kekuk-batur. Onse analira misozi yamagazi. Ndi Karagash yekha yemwe sankafuna kuti akhulupirire izi. "Ogwa kunkhondo sadzaberekanso, koma muyenera kukhala ndi moyo!" - adauza makolo ake ndikuganiza zokwatiwa ndi mwana wake wamkazi chifukwa cha bail, yemwe adawatumizira wopanga machesi. Koma Karagash wokongola sanafune kukhala naye osakondedwa. Adaganiza zopha mwamuna wake ndi mpeni ndikuthamanga. Anamugwira ndikumangidwa mu zidane. Karagash analira kwambiri ndikuimba nyimbo zachisoni, kukumbukira Khak. "Ndikuuluka mbalame!" - mtsikanayo adalira. Ndipo kenako chikhumbo chake chidakwaniritsidwa: mwadzidzidzi adayamba kuchepa, kusungunuka. M'malo mwake, mikono yake idaphukira. Atasandulika mbalame, adatulukira kunja kudzera pazenera pazenera. Pouluka pamtengo kupita pamtengo, kuchokera kuphiri kupita pamapiri, adatcha wokondedwa wake: "Keke ophika!" Kwa masiku ambiri kulira kwake kosawoneka bwino kumveka m'mapiri ndi zigwa za Ural Tau.

Nthawi ina anawona maluwa ofiira. Ndi pokhapokha pomwe adakhulupirira muimfa ya Kekuk.

Kuyambira pamenepo, amawuluka padziko lonse lapansi, ndikukhala paokha, monga ngati, mphepo kapena birch, ndikuyang'ana patali, mobwerezabwereza dzina la wokondedwa wake. Ngati ayala testicle, alibe kudekha kuti akhale - amakhala akufufuza za Kekuk. Amalira makamaka panthawi ya maluwa, ndipo maluwa akamazirala, samathanso kuphika. Apanso akuuluka kwinakwake kukafunafuna maluwa ofiira. Nthawi zonse monga chonchi.

Mbalameyi, yomwe imatchedwa "keke-cookie!", Anthu adayamba kutcha cockoo, ndipo maluwa ofiirawo - kekuk seshehe - maluwa a cuckoo.

Maonekedwe a nkhakoo

Tipenda maonekedwe a mbalamezi pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya nkhaka wamba.

Kutalika kwa thupi kumasiyana pakati pa masentimita 35 mpaka 38. Mchira ndi masentimita 13-18. Mbalamezi zimalemera pafupifupi magalamu 130.

Cuckoos ndi majeremusi odziwika kwambiri.

Mapiko ake ndi pafupifupi masentimita 55. Miyendo ndi yochepa komanso yolimba. Nthenga zakumbuyo kumbuyo ndi mchira wa amphaka ndi buluu wakuda. Pachifuwa ndi mmero ndiye imvi. Thupi lonse ndi lopepuka, lili ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Miyendo ndi yachikasu, mdomo ndi wakuda bii.

Mu mitundu ya akazi, mithunzi ya bulauni ndi yofiyira imakhalapo. Mutu ndi kumbuyo zimadutsana ndi mikwingwirima ya mtundu wakuda. Nthenga zimakongoleredwa ndi malire oyera. Pachifuwa chowala pamakhala mikwingwirima yofotokozedwa bwino yakuda ndi yoyera. Kulemera kwa akazi sikuposa 110 gramu.

Kukula kwachinyamata makamaka kumakhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Mikwingwirima yakuda imadutsa kutalika konse kwa thupi. Cuckoos molt 2 pachaka. M'chilimwe, amasintha manambala pang'ono, ndipo nthawi yozizira kwathunthu.

Kodi mbalame ikuimira chiyani?

Malinga ndi zikhulupiriro zotchuka, nkhaka ndi mtsikana amene waferedwa, kapena wamasiye. Inde, kuyerekezera koteroko kuli ndi tanthauzo lophiphiritsa, koma tanthauzo lake ndikuti mbalame imayesedwa ngati nthumwi ya dziko lina, nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi ufumu wakufa ndipo imatengedwa ngati mthenga wa gehena. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zizindikiro zambiri zoyipa zimalumikizana nawo. Anthu adatsimikiza njira yatsoka, matenda, njala, ndi zina zambiri.

M'madera ena ku Europe kufikira lero amakhulupirira kuti mbalameyi idachokera kwa bambo, wamasiye yemwe amati amafunira mwamuna wake anasintha. Pachifukwa ichi, kupha mbalameyi kumawerengedwa kuti ndi chimo.

Koma ngati tikulankhula za nkhaka bwino, ndiye kuti imakoka nthawi yokhayo kukopa banja kuti lipitirize mtunduwu, ngakhale kuti nthawi yomweyo silimaswa mazira ndipo sichidyetsa anapiye. Amawaponyera zisa za mbalame zina, ndipo amakhala makolo okulera. Koma choyipa kwambiri sichikhala chakuti - mwana wa nkhukuyu amataya abale otenga mu chisa kuti chakudya chonse chomwe amabweretsa "makolo" chisiyire iye yekha.

Chifukwa cha khalidweli, mitundu ina ya mbalame nthawi zina singathe kukhala mbadwo wawo wokha kwa nyengo yonse.

Zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mbalame yolusa

Zikhulupiriro zambiri zimalumikizidwa osati ndi mbalame yokha, komanso ndi kuyimba kwake. Chifukwa cockoo cuckoo, anthu atha:

• kudziwa nyengo
• weruzani zokolola zam'tsogolo
• kuti muyerekeze kuti zaka zotsala ndi moyo bwanji,
• Pezani zidziwitso zakutsogolo, ndi zina zambiri.

Mitundu ina ya Asilavo akale adatcha mbalameyo "wosunga mwabwino wa paradiso" ndipo ndi mawu ake amatha kudziwa zochuluka za zochitika zoopsa. Pa izi, zinthu monga:

• malo ndi nthawi ya kriketi
• kuyimba,
• kuchuluka kwa nthawi.

Zinadabwitsanso zomwe munthu anali wotanganidwa panthawi yomwe adamva koyamba mawu a cuckoo akuyimba koyamba mchaka.

Kusintha kwakanthawi

Mukamasulira chizindikiro cha cuckoo, ndikofunikira kuganizira nthawi ya chaka, komanso kukumbukira maholide ndi tchalitchi.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za nyengoyi:

1. Ngati mbalameyo inapereka mawu koyambirira kwamasamba - chaka chikhala chotsamira.
2. Mbalame yomwe imayimba pambuyo pa Julayi 12 (Tsiku la St. Peter) imawonetsera imfa ndi mavuto ambiri. Ngati ndinu "mwayi" kumva mawu ake panthawiyi, muyenera kunena kuti "cuckoo" popewa zovuta.
3. Ngati cockoo adayamba kuyimba usiku wausiku, ndiye kuti chaka sichingachite bwino ndipo mwina angakhale ndi njala. Zosangalatsa komanso zosangalatsa siziyenera kudikirira.
4. Chapakatikati, ndi cockoo amalira pafupipafupi - padzakhalabe chisanu.
5. Ngati mbalame zingapo zikulira nthawi imodzi, zikulira ndi mnzake, ndiye kuti nyengo ikhala yabwino, tsikulo likhala dzuwa.
6. Ngati nyimbo za cuckoo sizimaleka pambuyo pa tsiku la Peter, nthawi yonse yadzuwa izikhala yotentha komanso yowuma.
7. Cockoo akupukuta m'dzinja - kuzizira kudza posachedwa.

Kutengera nthawi ya tsiku

Zizindikiro za cockoo zimasiyananso nthawi yamasana. Kutengera munthu akamva iye kukuwa, amaweruza momwe tsikulo lidzagwera:

1. Mbalame imawuluka m'mawa kapena isanakwane chakudya chamasana - tsikulo lidzatulukira bwino komanso zipatso.
2. Masana, ntchito yambiri idatsala. Osangokhala tsiku lokha, koma sabata yonse ikubwerayi izigwiritsidwa ntchito polemba.
3. Madzulo - chizindikiro choyipa, m'modzi wam'banjamo adzadwala.
4. Usiku, mbalameyo imachenjeza kuti wina mnyumba muno amwalira. Izi zimakhala choncho makamaka ngati mbalameyo ili kwinakwake pafupi.

Ali kuti kwenikweni

Zizindikiro zimakulangizani kuti musamalire komwe kulira kwa zinthu kumachokera. Iyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi komwe mbalameyo ili pafupi ndi amene wamva:

1. Phokoso limamveka kumanzere - muyenera kudikirira zovuta.
2. Kumanja - zabwino zonse pazoyambira.
3. Kupyola - kumka pafupi imfa.
4. Kutsogolo - moyo udzakhala wautali komanso wachimwemwe.
5. Kumbuyo - misozi ndi chisoni.
6. Kummwera, maloto omwe amawakonda adzakwaniritsidwa posachedwa.
7. Kumpoto - phindu ndi malonda opambana.

Zikhulupiriro zina zokhudzana ndi nkhakao

Ngati khandalo lidabadwa tsiku lomwe kambuku koyamba mchaka ayamba kuphika, ndiye kuti moyo wachimwemwe umamuyembekezera, wodala ndi chisangalalo.

Zimawerengedwa ngati zabwino kwambiri kumva kulira kwa "chinthu chokhala ndi kanthu" mutakhala zachilengedwe ndikugona pa udzu. Izi zimawonetsera zabwino zonse komanso bata chaka chonse.

Kumva kulira kwa mbalame ikupumula ndi vuto labwino. Chaka chonse chikhala bata ndi bata.

Ngati munthu agwira ntchito molimbika nthawi ya ckokoo akuyimba, ndiye kuti azikhala chaka chonse pantchito.

Munthu wathanzi akamva kuyimba, wina akhoza kutsimikiza kuti matenda sakubwera posachedwa.

Kuyimirira pamtunda popanda kulira kulira kwa mbalame - ku ntchito yopanda zipatso komanso kusowa ndalama. Komanso zonena zoyipa zimaganiziridwa ngati pakuyimba munthu amayang'ana pansi. Kumva kulira kwa kugwa ndi chizindikiro choyipa.

Pa kulira koyamba kwa chaka, muyenera kufulumira mwachangu. Anthu akukhulupirira kuti izi zidzachitikadi, ndipo ngati nthawi ino muli nanu ndalama, muyenera kuyisintha kuchokera kumanja kupita kwina.

Komanso, zikwangwani zotchuka zimati nkhaka imeneyi ndi ndalama. Akayimba, amafunika kugwirira kachikwama kake mwamphamvu kuti ndalama izituluka chaka chonse. Ngati mutuluka m'nyumba yanu ndi chikwama chokwanira ndikumva "kako" kwa nthawi yoyamba pachaka, ndiye kuti mukuyembekeza kudzafika ndalama mwadzidzidzi.

Ngati mbalame ilira, itakhala pafupi ndi nyumba kapena zenera, ndiye kuti wina wapafupi adzafa. "Veschunya" adakhala padenga la khola - padzakhala miliri ndi kufa kwa ng'ombe. Mbalameyi ikauluka ndipo singathe kukhala kulikonse, muyenera kudikirira moto. Komanso, kulira kwa mbalame, atsikanawo anali kungoganiza mkwati: kangati adzapeza, zaka zambiri mtsikanayo amadikirira opanga machesi.

Kulira mokweza kukuwonetsa kuti kugwa mvula posachedwa. Zinawoneka ngati chizindikiro chosasangalatsa kumva kumva kusala kapena kusala - ichi chikufanizira njala ndi umphawi.

Mbalameyi ikaimba koyamba pamtengo wouma, chakacho imalonjeza kukhala ndi njala. Ngati anthu amva kuyimba koyamba pamtengo wamoyo wokutidwa ndi masamba, ndiye kuti zokolola zidzakhala zochuluka.

Anzathu adadziwanso kuti mbande ziyenera kubzalidwa musanayambe kulira kwa nkhaka yoyamba, apo ayi zonse zomwe zidabzalidwa sizipereka zokolola zambiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, miyambo yosavuta yomwe inkayenera kuchitidwa m'nkhalango nthawi yakubowayo inali yodziwika pakati pa anthu. Kuti muchite izi, chinali chizolowezi kupita kukakhala ndi nkhope yokhala ndi mafunso okhudza tsogolo la okondedwa.

Kutanthauzira Maloto

Kuwona cockoo m'maloto nthawi zonse kumaganiziridwa kuti ndi chizindikiro choyipa, chifukwa ndiye mthenga wa dziko lapansi wakufa. Maloto oterowo nthawi zambiri amawonetsa kuti amene wamuona uja wamwalira mwachangu.

Ngati malotowo adatumizidwa kwa munthu wodwala, sayenera kudikirira kuchira msanga. M'maloto, mbalame idawuluka padenga la nyumba kapena idakhala pamenepo - padzakhala wakufa m'banjamo.

Olemba zamasiku ano samalangizidwa kuti azisamala kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudzana ndi cuckoo, kuti asadzibweretse iwo ndi mabanja awo. Zinthu zokhazokha zomwe ziyenera kukumbukiridwa ndi chizindikiro cha nyengo, komanso zizindikilo zabwino zokhudzana ndi ndalama.

Pazokhudza machitidwe azakudya ndi zakudya zanjala

Cuckoos amadya makamaka ndi tizilombo: Tizilombo ta mitengo ndi mbozi, zomwe zimawononga mitengo ikuluikulu ya masamba ndi masamba. Kuphatikiza pa tizilombo, chakudya cha nkhaka chimaphatikizapo mazira ndi anapiye a mbalame zina. Cuckoos samadya anapiye awo ndi mazira, omwe sanatayidwe.

Mayi “wosalemekeza” amagwira "ntchito" kubzala dzira m'masekondi 8.

Ndi amuna omwe amaphika, ndipo akazi amakhala chete, chifukwa nthawi zonse amayesa kuti wina asawazindikire. Kupatula apo, kuti muthe kuponyera mazira anu mu zisa za anthu ena, muyenera kuchita modekha.

Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, cockoos amapita ku Africa kupita ku Asia ndi Europe. Mbalame zimangokhala zokhaokha. Amuna ali ndi madera akuluakulu omwe amatha kufikira mahekitala angapo. Akazi ali ndi ziwembu zochulukirapo. Chofunikira kwambiri kwa nkhaka ndi kukhala ndi zisa za mbalame zina mdera lawo.

Mverani mawu a cuckoo wamba

Nthawi yomwe ilipo, mzere uliwonse wamtunduwu umasinthana ndi mbalame zina pamlingo wakubadwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mitundu yofanana ndi mazira imawonedwa. Komanso ndizovuta kusiyanitsa mazira kukula kwake.

Kuyambitsa chisa cha winawake.

Akazi amalondola ntchito imodzi yokha - kuponya dzira lawo mwanzeru. Kuti muchite izi, cuckoo imadikirira kuti mbalameyo iulukire kutali ndi chisa, kenako, imagwira ntchito yake mwachangu. Yaikazi imakhala masekondi 8-10 pantchito yotere. Wamkazi amadya dzira lomwe walandiralo, kuliponya kunja kwa chisa kapena amatenga lokha.

Nthawi zambiri, makolo samadziwa kuti zitha bwanji. Anapiye a Cuckoo amabadwa mwachangu kuposa anapiye ena, pomwe akuyesera kuti athetse mazira omwe akubwera. Chifukwa cha njirayi, anapiye nthawi zambiri ndi okhawo omwe ali mchisa.

Mwanayo akukula mwachangu, akufunafuna chakudya nthawi zonse. Mu sabata lachitatu la moyo, anapiye a cockoo amasiya chisa. Koma makolo olera okha amapitiliza kudyetsa anapiyewo kufikira atakula, izi zimatha pafupifupi milungu itatu.

Kuponya dzira lake pachisa cha munthu wina, nkhakayu amadya dzira "lachilengedwe" kuti chinyengo chake chisawonekere.

Nyengo yachilimwe, cockoo chachikazi chimatha kuponyera mazira 3-5 kwa amayi ena. Koma kuthekera kwa mbalamezi ndikokulira, amabereka mazira 30. Ngati cockoo sangapeze chisa choyenera, ndiye amaponyera mbalame iliyonse kapena amangoyisiya pansi.

Dzira lili mu oviduct kwa masiku atatu, kotero akazi amakhala ndi nthawi yopeza chisa chabwino.Ngati mazira ayenera kuwaswa posachedwa, ndiye kuti cuckoo ikhoza kuwononga clutch, ndipo makolo ayenera kuyambitsa yatsopano.

Cuckoos amavutitsa mbalame zina motsatira moyo wawo, chifukwa amawononga ana awo. Koma m'malo, chilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, ma cockoos ndi opindulitsa mwachilengedwe.

Mbalamezi zimakhala, pafupifupi, zaka 7-10.

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