Kamba wamtsuko wamtambo wakuda (Malgash) ndimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mitundu ina yazitsamba ndi nsonga zakuda zosiyanasiyana za zipsepa za caudal ndi anterior dorsal. Ili ndi malo okhala m'madzi am'madzi am'madzi a Pacific ndi Pacific, ndipo imapezeka kwambiri ku gombe lakummwera kwa Asia (kuyambira ku Red Sea kupita ku Japan Islands), m'mphepete mwa gombe lakummawa kwa Africa, ku zilumba zaku Malaysia ndi ku North Australia.
Amakonza madzi osaya m'mphepete mwa nyanja komanso osazama, osamira kwambiri kuposa 70 metres.
Mbawala zazimaso zakuda zimakhala m'matanthwe komanso malo amchenga; mkati mwa mafunde ataliitali, zimapezekanso pafupi ndi kamtsinje kamtsinje, m'madzi opanda kanthu komanso opanda kanthu.
M'malo mwa nyama zomwe zimadya nyama zambirizi, munthu amatha kuwona phokoso lowoneka ngati phokoso lakuda, ndikudula pansi panyanja molimba mtima.
Mbawala yakuda siikhala yazinyama zazikulu. Kutalika kwake kwakukulu sikumafikira mamita awiri (mbiri yosakhala ya masentimita 180), kulemera kwakukulu kolembetsedwa ndi 24 kg. Kukula kwapakati pa asodzi awa sikupita 140-150 cm.
Maonekedwe a shark wakunja kwa Malgash (nthenga wakuda) ndi omwe akuimira amtunduwu. Akadapanda maupangiri akuda apadera am'kati mwa ziphuphu zakuda ndi zamkati, zitha kusokonezeka mosavuta ndi ena ambiri oimira banja. Amakhala ngati shark wamanyazi (Carcharhinus cautus) ndi maonekedwe a thupi lake, koma mawanga amdima akumisempha yake ndiosiyana kwambiri.
Thupi limakhala lofanana ndi ndere, lili ndi tambiri, mutu wake ndi waufupi, kupumira kwake ndi kwakukulu komanso kozungulira. Maso ndi akulu, osazungulira. Ma valavu amphuno (makutu akhungu patsogolo pa mphuno) amatha kumapeto kwa nipple. Mano a nsagwada yakumtunda ndi osiyanasiyana kuposa pansi, pafupifupi mawonekedwe atatu, owongoka pang'ono komanso ali ndi m'mphepete mozungulira. Pa nsagwada ya m'munsi, mano ndi ochepa komanso ochepa. Nsagwada yapamwamba pali mano 2226 ogwira ntchito, m'nsagwada yapansi - 20-24.
M zipsepse zamtchire ndi zazitali, zodwala. Ndalama yaku dorsal fin ndiyokwera, yokhala ndi m'mphepete mwa S-yokhotakhota, kuyambira kumapeto kumapeto kwa zipsepse zamakutu. Choyimira chachikulu kwambiri cha posachedwa chakumaso chili kumpanda kwa ma anal. Kudera la mapiri a dorsal kulibe kutalika kwa msana kwamtundu wina wamtundu wamtundu wa imvi.
Maluso a caudal ndi heterocercal, maupangiri ndi m'mphepete mwa masamba ake ndi zakuda.
Mtundu wamagulu achichepere ndi mtundu wachikasu kumaso, ukusintha kukhala oyera pamimba. Akuluakulu, khungu lakumbuyo limakhala lakuda, laimvi. M'mphepete pali chingwe chautali choyambira kuyambira pa anal fin.
Zakudya za nsomba yamiyala yamiyala yakuda imakhala ndi nsomba za bony (mullet, gobies, basass sea, etc.), cephalopods (squid, octopus, cuttlefish), crustaceans, ana shaki ndi mbola. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zovunda zamafuta. Nthawi zina zotsalira za makoswe, mbalame, akambuku, ngakhalenso zophuka zimapezeka m'mimba za zidazi. Asodzi amayamba kukhala achangu komanso osangalala akakumana m'magulu ndi magulu amphaka, amatha kugwera mumkhalidwe wamisala yamapendedwe (matenda ankhanza). Amakhulupirira kuti mtunduwu wa shaki umagwira kwambiri usiku.
Malingaliro achidwi adapangidwa ndi ofufuza omwe adathandizira pakuphunzira za asodzi ku Islands. Adanenanso kuti shaki zokhala ndi ubweya wakuda zimakopeka ndi kuphulika pamadzi, zovuta zazitsulo ndi zinthu zolimba pansi pamadzi. Amamva kwambiri kununkhira kwa nsomba zovulala kapena magazi m'madzi, akufunafuna magwero awo. Zidadziwikanso kuti shaki zazimaso zakuda sizimatha kusiyanitsa mitundu, komabe, masiyanidwe abwino amapangidwa bwino, omwe amawalola kuwona mawonekedwe a matupi ndi zinthu zam'madzi patali kwambiri.
Pakati pa adani achilengedwe a asodzi otchedwa a Malgash asodzi, majeremusi ambiri, asodzi amphaka, amphaka am'manja, komanso shaki zazikulu zam'matanthwe zimayenera kudziwika.
Ndi mitundu yamoyo ya shaki. Nthawi yobereka komanso nthawi yomwe mayi amakhala ndi pakati pamadera osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana. M'malo ozizira, amphaka amtundu wakuda amatha kubereka ana kamodzi pazaka ziwiri, nthawi yokhala ndi pakati imaposa miyezi 10. M'malo otentha, nthawi yobereka imakhala pachaka; mimba imathamanga.
Pakukhwima, nthawi zambiri yamphongo imavulaza wamkazi ndi kulumidwa komwe kumayamwa ndi mapiko. Komabe, zipsera za "caress" zotere zimachira mwachangu - m'miyezi iwiri. Mimbayo ya miyezi 4 mpaka 7 yakukula imalandira zakudya kuchokera ku yolk sac, pomwe imasinthidwa kukhala plancet, yomwe imagwirizanitsa ndi thupi la amayi. Pambuyo pake, mluza umalandila zakudya kudzera mu planeti.
Kutulutsa kumachitika m'madzi osaya, kukula kwa zinyalala za Malgash usiku ndi ma 2-5 ma 40-50 cm, omwe amakula msanga m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo. Akamakula, kukula kwawo kumatsika kwambiri.
Amuna amakhala okhwima pogonana ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 95, akazi - pafupifupi mita.
Mtunduwu ndi shaki yam'miyala yakuda yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi yosatetezeka chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake m'malo komwe kukakamizidwa ndi usodzi ndi kuipitsa chilengedwe. Nyama ndi zipsepse za nsomba izi ndizosangalatsa kwambiri, chiwindi chimakhalanso chamtengo.
Komabe, palibe njira zotetezera aliyense zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kulikonse, ndipo chitetezo cha shaki yokhala ndi mbewa wakuda chili pafupi ndikuwopseza chiwonongeko (mtundu 3.1.).
Nsomba izi zitha kukhala zowopsa kwa anthu osiyanasiyana komanso osambira. Kuyambira 1959, International File Cabinet, yomwe imalemba za milandu yakuwombera anthu, ili ndi zochitika zopitilira 20 zomwe zikuphatikiza nsomba zamiyala yakuda, 11 mwa zomwe sizinayambitsidwe ndi anthu. Mwamwayi, chifukwa cha kukula kochepera kwa omwe amadyedwa ndi awa, sangathe kuvulaza munthu kwambiri, koma amaluma ndikumvulaza m'maganizo.
Chithunzi cha nsomba Black-reef shark
Kamera: Samsung Galaxy S8
Njira yodyetsera shaki, pofuna kusangalatsa alendo
Kamera: Nikon D5000
Kufotokozera kwa nsomba Blackfin Reef Shark
Zimatengera mitundu ya amphaka amphaka. M'malo mwa nsomba zomwe'zi ndi zotentha, komanso nyanja zam'madzi ochepa. Ndizosangalatsa kuti atapangidwa ndi Suez Canal, asodzi awa adagwa mu Nyanja ya Mediterranean ndikukhazikika pamenepo.
Thupi, monga shaki lonse laimvi, limapangidwa bwino, lokhala ndi mutu wamfupi komanso waukulu. Maso ali ndi ulusi wonyezimira. Masomphenya awo adasinthika kuti agwire pang'ono nyama yomwe imagwira pamtunda wamtunda wa 3 mita (amatha kusaka ngakhale usiku). Koma amasiyanitsa mitundu ndi mitundu yaying'ono bwino. Wachikulire amatha kufikira mita imodzi ndi theka. Shaki izi zimapezeka kuzama kosiyanasiyana mpaka 75 metres, koma zimakonda madzi osaya komanso miyala. Pamenepo nkosavuta kwa iwo kupeza ziphaso. Nthawi zina poyenda pathanthwe, shaki iyi imafika pafupi ndi nyanja. Chifukwa cha izi, ndalama zake zazitali za dorsal zimawululidwa m'madzi, zomwe nthawi zonse zimayambitsa chisokonezo cha alendo omwe akupuma kuzilumbazi. Kwa alendo omwe ali ku Maldives, malo oyandikana ndi amphaka ndi anthu akusambira pagombe ndizachilendo kwambiri. Nthawi yomweyo, shaki yakuda siowopseza anthu. M'malo mwake, m'malo mwake, mtunduwu ndi wamanyazi kwambiri ndipo ungakonde kuchoka m'gawolo ngati anthu awonetsa chidwi.
Shaki zamtunduwu sizosangalatsa pakuwedza nsomba. Ngakhale nyama ya nsombayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, kusuta ndi kuzizira pazoyenda zazitali.
Kukula kwansomba Blackfin m'matanthwe shaki
Shaki zimabadwa mwa kubadwa. Matenga nthawi zambiri amapezeka nthawi yozizira (kutengera komwe nsomba zimakhala). Pambuyo pa izi, zazikazi zimatha kubala kwa chaka chimodzi (mpaka zaka ziwiri m'madzi ena). Achinyamata amadya pa yolk, yomwe ili mu yolk sac. Panthawi yobadwa, mpaka anthu asanu omwe amabadwa. Chomwe chimadziwika, pa nthawi yobadwa, mwachangu ali ndi chizindikiro chakuda m'mapake.
Nsomba kudyetsa nsomba zamtsinje wakuda
Nthawi yomweyo, zimakhala zilombo zolusa kwambiri panyanja, pomwe zikuthamangitsa zimatha kuthamanga modabwitsa. Koma usiku, pakamadzaza mafunde, madzi ozizira amayamba kuyenda kugombe. Kusakhalapo kwa madzi ofunda kuchokera padzuwa ndi madzi ozizira amfunde kumayambitsa kuchepa kwa kayendedwe ka asodzi awa akuyenda mdera lawo ndikusaka.
Amasaka gawo lawo posaka nyama. Pakusaka nyama, asodzi amatha kuswana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, kotero ndikosavuta kwa iwo kusaka masukulu a nsomba. Amadya mitundu yambiri ya nsomba, squid, octopus, shrimp ndipo ngakhale shaki zina ndi stingrays. Nthawi yomweyo, asodzi nawonso atha kukhala chakudya chamagulu, asaka amphaka. Ndipo ngakhale abale awo omwe adakali aang'ono.
Chakacho Chakuda
Shaki za Malgash ndizomwe zimakhala m'madzi amchere omwe amakhala m'matanthwe a coral, okhala ndi miyala yosiyanasiyana. Izi nsomba zimasambira kuzama kwambiri - mpaka awiri mpaka atatu mamitala. Pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kupita kumalo osungirako nyama zam'madzi - malo omwe madzi amaphimba thupi la shark.
Shark wakala wamiyala (Carcharhinus limbatus).
Maonekedwe a shaki ya Malgash
Nthenga zazikazi zakuda ndi za oyimira akuluakulu achimvi. Banjali limaphatikizaponso agalu amtundu wautali komanso wapauta wa Galapagos.
Kutalika kwa matupi akuluakulu a nthenga zamtundu wakuda nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosaposa 180 cm.
Mtundu wa nyama yakudya mthenga wakuda ndi mtundu wa shaki - msana ndi wonyezimira kapena wonyezimira, m'mimba umakhala wopepuka, nthawi zina ngakhale loyera. Ziwalo kumtunda kwa zipsepse ndi zakuda kwathunthu.
Malangizo a zipsepse za shaki amapaka utoto wakuda, chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake amatchedwa kuti - nthenga zakuda.
Moyo wa Blackfin Shark
Izi zodya zilombo zazitali zimatha kusambira mwachangu komanso mwachangu. Zakudya zazikulu zomwe amadya zimakhala ndi nsomba zam'matanthwe, cephalopods, crustaceans (shrimp, crab, lobster, lobster). Shaki, nthawi zambiri, amasambira m'matumba, koma anthu pawokha amapezeka kawirikawiri.
Akatswiri a Blackfin ndi adani obisika.
Kuswana Blackfin Shark
Akatswiri am'miyala yakuda ndi nsomba za viviparous. Yaikazi imabereka shaki ziwiri kapena zinayi, kukula kwake kukuka mpaka 35-50 cm. Kukula mwakugonana mwaimuna kumachitika pamene kutalika kwake kuli 91-100 cm, ndipo akazi 96-112 cm.Nthawi imeneyi imadziwika kuti ndi yayitali kwambiri yakukula kwa shaki, kuyambira atafika kutha msinkhu, mitengo ya kukula imachedwa kwambiri.
Nthenga zazikazi zakuda zachikazi ndi cub.
Zotsatira zake, kukula kwamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu sikutanthauza kutalika kwa 120-140 cm. Akazi ndi okulirapo pang'ono kuposa abwenzi.
Shaki zakuda ndi Anthu
Amadziwika kuti shaki amazindikira anthu ndipo amawopa malo omwe amakhala. Komabe, milandu yambiri ya asodzi akhungu loyera omwe amachokera kwa anthu amadziwika.
Shaki sizimenya anthu popanda chifukwa.
Mwa lirilonse laiwo, kukwiya kwa wolusa kunakwiyitsidwa ndi kununkhira kwa magazi, komwe kumayenda m'madzi kuchokera mu nsomba yosokedwa ndi munthu. Zikakhala conco, mgwilizano wa asodzi swaziwika konse.
Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.
Blackfin Reef Shark - Wodya nyama mwachangu
shaka wakuda
Imagwira nthawi zonse, ngati osasinthidwa kunama pansi.
Mtsinje wamadzi abwino opumira umadutsa pakati pa gilo pokhapokha osayenda osadula nsomba.
Sipezeka zakuya kupitirira 75 m.
Onani Zinthu
Imasaka usiku, ngakhale imayendayenda masana, kuphatikiza miyala yamiyala.
Ndi kulemera kwa makilogalamu 45 sikumakula kwambiri kuposa 1.8 m (max 2.33 m).
Akazi amafikira kukhwima kuchokera ku 96-112, Amuna pa 91-100 cm.
Zitatha izi, kukula kwake kumayamba kuchepa, chifukwa, amuna achikulire sapitilira 131 cm kutalika, amuna - 134 cm.
Viviparous, kubereka ana asaka anayi, kutalika kwa 33-52 cm. Kutengera ndi kutentha kwa madzi, mimba imatenga miyezi 7 mpaka 11.
Imakhalabe pamalo osasunthika, osasuntha oposa 2,5 km. Dera limodzi lalitali pafupifupi 550 lalikulu ndi laling'ono kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yonse ya asodzi.
Zimawonetsa chidwi cha anthu osiyanasiyana omwe alowa m'malire ake.
Nthawi zina amasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono, koma samakhala magulu akulu.
Chakudya chachikulu makamaka ndi nsomba zazing'ono monga sardines, gubanas, bass sea and mullet.
Magulu a nyama zodyerazi, zomwe zimadyera nkhokwe pafupi ndi gombe, zimawonedwa kuti zizidyedwa mosavuta.
Zosankhazo zimaphatikizaponso squid, octopus, cuttlefish, shrimp, ndi crustaceans ena.
Shark wakala wamiyala siyowopsa
Wamanyazi komanso wosamala, wina akhoza kunena kuti ndi wamanyazi. Itha kuwopsa mosavuta kuyenda kwadzidzidzi.
Nthawi yomweyo, pamakhala nthawi zina pomwe amagwira osambira ndimabondo, nthawi zambiri ndi akazitape, mwachidziwikire amawatenga ngati gawo lawo lachilengedwe.
M'nthawi zonse, nkhonya yam'madziyi imayamba chifukwa cha kununkhira kwa magazi kuchokera ku nsomba zomwe zidayatsidwa ndi harpoon.
Zokonda za malo okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimatanthawuza kulumikizana ndi anthu pafupipafupi, kotero nthawi zina zimawonedwa ngati zopanda ngozi.
Pamodzi ndi mtsinje wa imvi. (Carcharhinus amblyrhinchos) ndi whitefin p. (Triaenodon obesus) ndi amodzi mwa nsomba zazikulu kwambiri zam'matanthwe zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri mu Nyanja Yofiira.
Atatsegulidwa kwa Suez Canal, idasinthana ndi Nyanja ya Mediterranean yozizira.