Mawonekedwe a nsomba yam'madzi yotchedwa aquarium ikufanana ndi disc. Pazinthu zachilengedwe, izi zimafikira masentimita 30. Mosamalidwa bwino m'madzi, imakula mpaka 25 cm.
Ngati mphamvuyo yasankhidwa moyenera, chisamaliro choyenera chimachitika, ndiye kuti nthawi ya moyo imafika zaka 10.
Nsomba zam'madzi, zomwe zafika kukhwima, zimakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni. Thupi lotsika limadzaza ndimalo akulu akuda. Ndi pamalo awa pomwe akatswiri azam'madzi amatha kusiyanitsa mitundu iyi ya ma cichlids. Pafupipafupi, mawanga amayang'ana pafupi ndi maso.
Kusamalira ndi kukonza
Kwa 2 cuneiform cichlids, mphamvu ya malita 150-160 ndiyofunikira. Mu nkhokwe yotere, nthumwi za fauna zimafika 20-25 cm.
Kuti nsomba imve bwino, thankiyo imadzazidwa ndimadzi ndi magawo otsatirawa:
- Kutentha pamlingo wa 24-27 madigiri.
- Mlingo wa kukhazikika uli pafupifupi magawo 7.
- Chinyezi ndi pafupi 6-6.5 mayunitsi.
Wedge wowoneka bwino ndi nsomba ya m'madzi yotchedwa aquarium. Koma pakukula kwake kumafunikira:
- Madzi oyera. Kupatula apo, thanzi la nsomba zotere limayamba kuvuta kwambiri ngati nkhosayo ili ndi madzi akuda. Zosanja zapamwamba kwambiri muzigwiritsa ntchito njira zosefera, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zojambula zingapo.
- Kusintha kwamadzi kumachitika tsiku lililonse 8-10. M'malo pafupifupi 45-50 peresenti yonse.
Pangani zipatso za cichlids zomwe zimadya zomera ngati chakudya. Pofuna kuthetsa kuzola ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba, nkhokwe imadzazidwa ndi oimira maluwa, omwe ali ndi masamba olimba komanso amphamvu.
Kudzaza pansi pa thankiyo pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu iyi yagawo:
- Miyala yabwino.
- Mchenga wowuma.
Kuphatikiza apo, magawo okhala ndi michere amabweretsedwa, omwe amathandizira pakukula kwabwino kwazomera za algae ndi shady.
Popeza nsomba zodziwika bwino za cuneiform ndi zamanyazi, nkhuni zokokedwa ndi matani, miyala ndi miyala zimabweretsedwa mu thankiyo. Zinthuzi zimamwazikana mu aquarium kuti ma phenotypes apeze malo okhala.
Kuthekera kwa nsomba zotere kumakhala ndi zida zowunikira ndi nyali za fluorescent kapena ma LED. Mphamvu ya zida zowunikira imatsimikiziridwa payekhapayekha. Zoyatsira magetsi zimakhala pamtunda winawake kotero kuti malo omata amakhalabe mu thankiyo.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, ma siphon ndi ma compressor a mphamvu inayake amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa gawo lapansi. M'pofunika kuzigwiritsa ntchito mosamala kuti musaphwanye kukhulupirika kwa mizu.
Kuwoneka bwino
Nsomba ya uaru imawoneka yosangalatsa: imakhala ndi thupi looneka ngati disc lokhala ndi mutu waukulu, milomo yodzaza komanso maso okongola achikasu. Pali anthu omwe ali ndi maso ofiira. Mtundu wawo nthawi zambiri umakhala wonyezimira kapena wachikasu, koma palinso nsomba zamtundu wakuda kapena zonyezimira. Malo atatu amdima ali pamatupi awo m'njira yosangalatsa - awiri ozungulira maso ndi amodzi mbali inayo. Achinyamata nthawi zambiri amakhala ophimbidwa ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono a beige kapena a bulauni - izi zimawathandiza kuti adzibisa pansi pa malo osungira ndikubisala pangozi. Chinthu china chosangalatsa cha uaru ndi ma anal aatali, malekezero ake opanda kanthu omwe amawoneka ngati timinofu ting'onoting'ono. Zambiri mwa nsomba izi zimakhala ndi mafuta ochepa pafupi ndi pakhosi.
Kutchire, ma cichlids atatuwa amatha kukula mpaka 30cm komanso kutalika kwa 10-13 cm. Zoyerekeza za Aquarium, kumene, zimakhala zochepa (20-25 cm). Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, mtunduwu umapulumuka mpaka zaka 8-10.
Chosangalatsa ndichoti ku Huara, omwe amakhala m'matumba, malo owonekera amawonekera. Amakhala ndi ma alfa awiri - wamwamuna ndi wamkazi (oyambayo akuonedwa kuti ndi wamkulu kwambiri), yemwe nsomba zina zonse zimamvera. Yaimuna imasiyana ndi yaikazi makamaka pamlingo, imakhala yayikulu.
Oyimira zamtunduwu ndi nsomba zazikulu komanso "zachikhalidwe", choncho amafunika malo oyenerera. Maeka awiri a ma cichlids ayenera kuwerengetsa pafupifupi malita 150 a madzi. Ndikwabwino kuyambitsa iwo m'magulu ang'onoang'ono (anthu 8-10), kenako iwonso agawika awiriawiri. Oyandikana nawo abwino kwambiri a Huar adzakhala abale awo apamtima - subspecies of cichlids.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti nsomba zamtunduwu ndi zamanyazi kwambiri, kotero malo angapo, miyala yayikulu yosanja kapena matako akuyenera kuyikidwa mu aquarium. Nthawi yomweyo, muyenera kusiya malo okwanira kusambira kwaulere. Mutha kukumba miyala mu nthaka mokhazikika - kuti muchetetse gawo. Padziwe lochita kupanga, payenera kukhala malo amdima kapena osachepera amdima - mwachilengedwe, uaru nthawi zambiri amakhala m'magulu am'madzi kapena apakati.
Ngati mukufuna kudzala ngalande yokhala ndi mbeu yamoyo, ndiye kuti sankhani omwe ali ndi masamba owuma (ma cichlids amasangalala ndikusangalala ndi masamba ofewa). Itha kukhala anubias kapena echinodorus. Ndikofunika kuwabzala mumaphika ang'onoang'ono omwe anakumba pansi.
Kutentha kwamadzi kumatha kukhala 25 mpaka 30 ° С. Ndi kuzizira kwakuthwa mpaka 20-22 ° C, nsomba zimatha kudwala. Chofunikira china ndichofunikira pakusintha kwa sabata kwa madzi a 40-50%. Kupanda kutero, ma cichlids, monga anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi moyo wokwanira, adzavutika ndi kuwonongeka kwa nayitrogeni m'madzi. Pazifukwa zomwezi, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa mphamvu yowonjezera komanso kusefa mu aquarium. Magawo a kuuma ndi acidity ndi muyezo - 15 ° W ndi 6.5-7.5 pH, motsatana. Matenda akuluakulu omwe amatha kudwala hematitis ndi hexamitosis ndi kuchepa kwa vitamini.
Kudyetsa Zinthu
Ma Cichlids ndi osavomerezeka mu chakudya, koma kudyetsa kwawo kuyenera kuphatikizidwa ndikuphatikiza zakudya zam'mimba ndi zomera. Pazakudya zomwe amakonda:
Amafunikanso chakudya cham'mera, mwachitsanzo, kabichi-masamba kapena masamba a saladi. Ndi chisangalalo, nsomba zimadya mphukira zobiriwira za dandelion kapena duckweed wamba. Omwe am'madzi am'madzi amawadyetsa ndi zipatso, monga maapulo (m'malo awo achilengedwe, amadya zipatso zomwe zimagwera m'madzi). Mutha kuphatikiza nkhaka kapena zukini muzakudya.
Chakudya chimayenera kuperekedwa kawiri patsiku m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Kupanda kutero, zinyalala za chakudya zimayamba kuwola momwe mu aquarium. Nsomba zomwe zimakonda nitrate m'madzi zimatha kudwala.
Kubala zinsinsi
Kuvuta kubereka kwamawonekedwe amtundu wakuda ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zosagawika kufalikira. Oberera amachita izi mothandizidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa ntchito.
Ngati mukufuna kwambiri kuswana, ndibwino kuti mukhale ndi anthu 6 kapena 8, kuti pakati pa ziweto zanuzo pakhale zachimuna ndi zazikazi. Awiri awiriwa amakhala ngati awa.
Kwa makolo, muyenera kukonzekeretsa tank yaying'ono ndi voliyumu ya malita osachepera 300. Amachita izi kuti anansi ake asadye mazira. Komabe, ubweya umatha kuchotsedwa pakati pa nzika zina zonse za m'madzi, pena amateteza mazira nthawi zonse.
Yaikazi imameza mazira 100 mpaka 500. Mwachangu Hatch patsiku 4 ndikukula msanga mokwanira, ndikufika masentimita a 5-6 m'miyezi ingapo. Poyamba, ana amadya ntchofu, zomwe zimasungidwa ndi nsomba zokulirapo, kotero mwachangu sayenera kupatukana ndi makolo awo. Pang'onopang'ono, amatha kuyamba kudyetsa artemia kapena ma rotator. Kuyambira sabata ziwiri zakubadwa, zakudya zamasamba zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya.
Chogwetsa chachikulu pakubala ndikuti ma cichlids achikazi amatha kunamizira kukhala amphongo, kupanga ma pawiri komanso kutengera kutulutsa. Oyamba sangathe kuthana ndi nthabwala izi zachilengedwe.
Akatswiri oyenerera omwe amagwira ntchito ku kampani ya malo ogulitsira ku Aqua angasangalale kukuthandizani kusankha ziweto zapakhomo lanu ndikupereka upangiri wothandiza pokonza nyumba ya nsomba ndikuswana mwachangu.
Pseudotrophaeus Lombardo
Nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kumvetsetsa za nsomba yotchedwa Uaru amphiacanthoides.
Domain (Regio) | Eukaryota (Eukaryota) |
Kingdom (Regnum) | Nyama (Animalia) |
Mtundu (Phylum) | Chordata (Chordata) |
Gulu (Classis) | Rayfin Fish (Actinopterygii) |
Lamulo (Ordo) (dongosolo) | Zojambulajambula |
Banja (Familia) | Cichlids (Cichlidae) |
Mtundu (Genus) | Urara (Uaru) |
Mitundu | Urara wakuda wowoneka (Uaru amphiacanthoides) |
Makhalidwe wamba
Thupi la cichlid limakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozama a disk. Thupi la nsomba yachikulire limapaka utoto wa siliva ndipo limakongoletsedwa ndi kachigawo kakang'ono kwambiri kamaoneka ngati kansalu kapena ka azitona. Pansi pa mchira mutha kuwona malo.
Ndikudabwa kuti ndi ma cichlazomas angati omwe amakhala: moyo wawo wokhala zaka 8 mpaka 10.
Urara wakuda bii samayang'anira kukonza ndikusamalira. Komabe, sizimalola kusinthasintha kwakuthwa m'mikhalidwe yamadzi komanso kupezeka kwa zinthu zochuluka kwambiri. Msodzi amayang'anira kuyera kwamadzi ndikuwabweza m'malo mwake.
Zofunikira zamadzi
- kutentha: 27-30 ° C,
- pH: 6-7,
- kuuma kwamadzi: zofewa - mpaka 5 ° dH.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusungitsa zochepa zachilengedwe m'madzi.
Cichlid amatulutsa zinyalala zambiri, kotero kusinthika kwamadzi ndi pafupipafupi ndikofunikira.
Kusiyana pakati pa wamwamuna ndi wamkazi
Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Amadziwika kuti munthu wamwamuna wamkulu amakhala ndi vuto lakuthwa ndipo anthu enawo akhoza kukhala okulirapo.
Amuna okhwima amatha kumvana ndi mitu yawo. Amakhulupiriranso kuti maso ofiira amapezeka pafupifupi mwa akazi. Komabe, palibe chimodzi mwazizindikirozi pamwambapa chomwe chiri chodalirika pakugonana.
Kuswana
Huaru wakuda mawanga ndi amodzi mwa mitundu yovuta kwambiri kubereka chifukwa chovuta kudziwa kugonana. Ngati mukufuna kupanga peyala yapawiri, njira yosavuta ndiyakuti mukhale ndi anthu asanu ndi limodzi am'madzi am'madzi ndikuwathandiza okha.
Kutha kwa nsomba kumachitika mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.
Zofunikira Zambiri
- malo okhala ndi madzi osachepera 250 malita,
- Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikizidwe mumadzi am'madzi momwe mumapezeka nsomba zina zingapo. Urara amakonda kuvutika ndi nkhawa nthawi yayitali pomwe amatha kudya mazira awo,
- kutentha kwa madzi kutentha 28 ° C,
- pH ndi pafupifupi 6.0,
- kuuma kwamadzi 2-4 dH.
Njira zoberekera
- ingololani amuna ndi akazi kuti ayambe kudzipereka modzifunira atatha kukonza malo oyenera mu aquarium,
- nthawi yoswana, cichlid amasintha mawonekedwe ake ofatsa tsiku ndi tsiku. Thupi limakhala lakuda, ndipo maso amasanduka ofiira,
- wamkazi amayikira mazira pamalo athyathyathya. Nthawi, iyi nthawi zambiri imakhala mazira 100-400, kenako ana amasamalidwa ndi makolo onse,
- mazira amakhalabe pamtunda kwa masiku 2-4, kenako makolo awo amawachotsa kudzenje lomwe kale lomwe anakumba. Mazira amakhalabe pamenepo mpaka mwachangu kwa masiku atatu,
- simuyenera kudyetsa Huaru wachichepere, chifukwa makolowo amatulutsa ntchofu kuchokera mthupi kuti ana adye. Fry ikakhala ndi milungu iwiri, mutha kuyamba kuipatsa phala losenda bwino komanso kakang'ono kakang'ono panyanja.
Chakudya chopatsa thanzi
Kuthengo, ouaru amadya pafupifupi chilichonse chomwe amapeza. Chifukwa chake, amakonda masamba, tizilombo, zipatso.
Pazisungidwe zam'madzi momwe mumafunira mitundu iyi:
- Pamoyo: Artemia, ma nyongolotsi kapena magazi abowo.
- Zamasamba: Zaphatikizidwa zukini ndi nkhaka, masamba a letesi, spirulina.
- Zouma. Amagulitsidwa m'misika yogulitsa nyama. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zakudya zama granular kapena piritsi kumaloledwa.
Amadyetsedwa amaperekedwa kawiri pa tsiku. Ntchito zimawerengeredwa payekhapayekha.
Popeza ma cichlids samvera bwino kwambiri ammonia, kupereka chakudya chochuluka sikulimbikitsidwa. Kupatula apo, zotsalira za organic zimadziunjikira pang'onopang'ono m'nthaka.
Kugwirizana
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa ma cichlids owoneka mu sopo wamba, popeza samayenderana bwino ndi phenotypes ena.
Ma cichlids aku America ndi ku Africa amalowetsedwa m'mitundu yotchedwa aquarium. Adalola kuyambitsidwa kwa discus, khansa, (buluu, thonje), komanso ma scalars.
Pa tanki limodzi, anthu 2-5 amafunikira, chifukwa munthu m'modzi samazika mizu. Koma gulu lotere limafunikira thanki yomwe ili ndi muyeso wa malita 200 kapena kupitirira.