Kwa nthawi yoyamba, Apistogramma Ramirezi adafotokozedwa mu 1948 mu mtolankhani waku America. Ili ndi dzina lake polemekeza omwe adadziwika kuti amodzi mu nsomba za ku aquarium Manuel Ramirez.
Zili pamtundu wa Microgeophagus (microgeophagus), ku gulu la ma cichlids amadzi oyera. Mulinso mitundu iwiri: Bolivian Butterfly ndi Apistogram Ramirezi.
Muchilengedwe mumakhala nkhokwe zaku South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia). Nsombayi imakula kutalika kosaposa 7 cm, mu aquarium pazomwe kukula kumafikira masentimita 5. Thupi limakhala lotalika, utoto wowala, wamtambo komanso wofiirira, inki amawoneka kumbuyo kuti akhale mikwingwirima yayifupi. Mutu ndi wachikasu, maso ndi ofiira. Zipsepse ndi zazitali, zazimuna ndi zazikulupo, choyambirira chimakhala chakuda, zina zonse ndizowonekera. M'mimba mwa amuna ndi lalanje, mwa akazi ndi pinki. Malo akuda ali pa thupi la mzimayi, pomwe mamba ake amakhala onyezimira.
Amakhala m'magulu awiriawiri omwe amasankha pawokha. Chifukwa chake, akatswiri odziwa bwino zam'madzi amalangizidwa kuti agule gulu la anthu 6-10. Kufalikira ndi mazira. Ziwonetsero zomwe sizikana chakudya chomera. Chiyembekezo cha moyo ndi zaka 4.
Chithunzi cha Apistogram Ramirezi:
Mr. Tail akutsimikizira: mitundu
Chifukwa cha obereketsa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Apistogram Ramirezi idabadwa.
| Chophimba
| Choyera chikasu chobiriwira ndi mamba owoneka bwino amtambo komanso malo ang'onoang'ono amdima thupi. Siyanitsani pakati zazimuna ndi zazikazi ndi mitundu yowonjezera, yachiwiri ndiyopanikizana. Malinga ndi njira yazakudya, amadyera, koma amakhala mwamtendere. Amakhala m'magulu a zidutswa za 10-15. Chisamaliro ndichosavuta, malita 40-50 pa munthu aliyense. |
| Zamagetsi zamagetsi
| Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri. Imakhala ndi chitetezo chokhazikika. Mtundu wa neon wakumwamba wokhala ndi kusintha kosintha kwa lalanje pamutuwu ndi wofanana kwa amuna ndi akazi onse. Kukula kwa nsomba ndi 2,5 cm, kukhala zaka 2. Akazi, kusiyanasiyana ndi amuna, amakhala ndi mphumi. M'malo okhala osasinthika, madzi okwanira 30 amafunikira payekha. Khalidwe lake ndi laubwenzi, koma osakokana pazing'onoting'ono. |
| Golide
| Chidutswa cha cichlid, chimakhala ndi mandimu kapena golide. Ndalama yamphongo yachimuna ndi lalanje yodzaza ndi kusintha kwa kufiyira. Maso ndi akuda, pagulu lofiira. Omnivores, odzikuza, voliyumu ya munthu m'modzi ndi malita 20. |
| Baluni
| Thanzi lathanzi, okalamba. Mtundu wake ndi wopepuka, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda bii. Zipsepsezi ndizowonekera, m'mphepete zimapakidwa utoto rasipiberi. Nkhani zake ndizosavomerezeka, zoyenera ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene. Kuti banja lithe kukhala ndi aquarium 20 malita. |
Zoyambira Aquarium
Mu chisamaliro Apistogram Ramirezi modzikuza, koma mikhalidwe ina yokhala moyo wabwino ndi thanzi la chiweto iyenera kuganiziridwa. Kuchuluka kwa aquarium kumadalira zaka: chifukwa nyama zazing'ono zimapeza malita 40-50, kwa akuluakulu - kuchokera 70 malita. Madzi amasankhidwa kukhala osalowerera kapena pang'ono amchere (pH 5.5-7.5), ofewa kapena apakatikati zolimba (12 ° dH). Kutentha + 22 ... + 27 ° C.
Kuwala kumasowa, kupindika, makamaka yoyera kapena yabuluu. Igogomezera mtundu wowala kwambiri. Pansi limakutidwa ndi mchenga kapena miyala, kumbuyo kumachitika ndi kamvekedwe. Mithunzi yakuda imakonda. Green algae obzalidwa m'mbali ndi khoma lakumbuyo, ndipo ma handfowl angapo (mwachitsanzo, echinodorus, maluwa amadzi) nawonso amayambitsidwa. Adzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo othawirako pamodzi ndi zibowo zokongoletsera ndi mapanga. Koma musatengeke, nsomba zimasowa malo osambira kwaulere.
Amakhala pakatikati kapena pansi, motero ayenera kumwaza dothi sabata iliyonse. Fyuluta imayikidwa kuti ikhale yoyera. Kamodzi kapena kawiri pa sabata, madzi amasinthidwa m'miyeso yaying'ono, pafupifupi kotala yonse. Ndikofunikira kuti ikhale yopanda zinthu zoyipa komanso zowopsa. Aerator imayikidwa kuti ikwaniritse mpweya wabwino.
Nsomba sizikulumpha, chifukwa kuyika chivundikiro ndi chosankha ngati palibe anthu ena kunyumba omwe atha kusaka kapena kuvulaza.
Mukamagula nsomba za m'madzi, timalimbikitsidwa kuti titenge madzi ochepa omwe amakhala ndi inu. Izi zikuthandizira kuti Apistograms isinthidwe mwachangu kukhala kumalo atsopano.
Kugwirizana
Apistograms a Ramirezi ndiwo malo okhala komanso ochezeka kwambiri a ma cichlids. Samaphwanya pansi, samadya algae kapena samakangana. Khazikikani kwa anansi ena okonda mtendere kapena kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Apistogram, pewani nsomba zazikulu kapena zamtopola. Ophatikizidwa ndi ma guppies, scalars, iris, cockerels, neon, parsing, barbs.
Sadzakhala womasuka pafupi ndi okonda madzi ozizira.
Kudyetsa
Apistogram Ramirezi ali ndi chidwi chabwino. Chakudyacho chimakhala chokwanira komanso chimagawidwa kuti pasapezeke chakudya chowonjezera chomwe chitha kuvulaza thanzi. Kuchokera pazakudya, imagwiritsa ntchito chisanu, youma. Amakonda kudya chakudya chamoyo - magazi, daphnia, artemia, cyclops. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzimitsa kaye musanagwiritse ntchito kenako ndikupereka kwa nsomba. Zosakaniza zopanga zimasankhidwa ndi kukula kapena nthaka yabwino.
Ma cichlids amatenga chakudya kuchokera pansi kapena m'madzi, koma nthawi zambiri amakonda kutola zotsalira kuchokera pansi. Ngati nzika zina zilipo mu malo am'madzi, ndiye amadyetsa amasankhidwa ndi omwe amira.
Kuswana
Akazi ndi amuna Ramistrezi Apistograms amadzisankhira okha ndipo sasintha mnzake. Ndikwabwino kugula m'magulu a anthu 6-10. Amasankhidwa kuti ndiwogawika. Amakhala okhwima pa miyezi 4-6, nthawi yomwe kutalika kwa thupi kumafika 3 cm.
Ngati malo abwino amapangika mu aquarium, kufalikira kumachitika popanda kulowererapo kwa obereketsa. Opanga amaika mosamala ndi kuyeretsa malowo asanaikire mazira. Mumakonda miyala yosalala kapena mbale zazingwe.
Nthawi imodzi, yaimayi imayikira mazira 150-200, yomwe yamphongo imabereka. Ndikofunika kuti musapanikize nsomba, chifukwa ana akhoza kudyedwa asanabadwe. Makolonu amayang'anira kusungirako, koma ngati mitundu ina ilipo m'madzimo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuisinthira kumalo ena okha.
Kuti izi zitheke, chinsalu kapena mwala womwe umakhala ndi caviar umayikidwa mwachindunji m'madzi mu chotengera kuti mazira asakhale ndi oxidize pakusintha ndikuusamutsa ku thanki yokonzedwa. Pamalo atsopano, pepalalo limakhazikika ndi chida kapena chomangiriridwa ndi chomera chomenyera kuti chisayandikire pamwamba. Pakatapira sing'anga akuyenera kufanana ndi magawo a aquarium wamba. Chowongolera chimayikidwa pafupi ndi zomangamanga, koma amawongolera kuti pasamayende mwachindunji. Kubalalitsa. Mazira ndiwovuta kwambiri ndipo amatha kudwala matenda oyamba ndi fungus kuti izi zisachitike, madziwo amawotenthedwa ndi kutentha kwa + 30 ... + 32 ° C, wothandizira antifungal akuwonjezeredwa. Caviar woyeretsedwa amachotsedwa mosamala pa zomangamanga.
M'malo abwino, mphutsi zimawonekera patatha masiku awiri ndi atatu. Poyamba amadya ufa wa yolk. Pakupita masiku angapo, amasungunuka, mwachangu amasambira, ndipo microworm, ciliates, kapena mphutsi za Artemia zimawonjezedwa ku chakudya chake. Wamphongo amatha kuwonetsa zazikazi, kenako amakhala wokhazikika. Nthawi zina, amatenga udindo pa gulu lonse la nkhosa, kapena banjali lidayimitsa.
Mwambo wosangalatsa umachitidwa ndi wamwamuna potengera akhanda panthawi yomwe akuyamba kusambira. Amawakoka mkamwa mwake, amawatsuka ndikuwabwezeretsa, kapena kuwatengera kumalo okonzekereratu, komwe akupitiliza kukula mpaka atakula. Nthawi imatha kwa masiku 20, kenako bambo wosankhidwa kumene amabzalidwa payekhapayekha.
Mfundo yofunika kwambiri kuti mbewu zikhale mokwanira ndi zomwe zili. Tsiku lililonse 10-15% yamadzi imasinthidwa, chifukwa mwachangu amafunika yoyera, yopanda zodetsa ndi zotsalira za chakudya. Kuti muchite izi, onjezani masamba omwe safuna kubzala pansi, mwachitsanzo, Hornwort kapena riccia.
Matenda ndi Kuteteza
Kulephera kutsatira zomwe zingachitike kungayambitse matenda otsatirawa:
- hexamitosis
- lymphocytosis
- ichthyophthyroidism,
- iridovirus.
Ngati madziwo ali ndi zosayera za ammonia kapena chlorine, amapweteketsa poyizoni.
Amathandizidwa ndimankhwala omwe angagulidwe m'masitolo apadera ndikupanga malo abwino okhala.
Kuphatikiza apo, nsomba zimatha kutenga chifuwa chachikulu, chomwe sichitha kuchiritsidwa. Kuti muchiritse, maantibayotiki ndi vitamini B6 amagwiritsidwa ntchito (dontho limodzi pa 20 l).
Amakhala ndi chikhumbo chabwino, chifukwa cha izi amakonda kudya kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa kunenepa kwambiri kapena kukhumudwitsa kwa m'mimba.
