Amadins: kufotokozera, mitundu, chisamaliro, kubereka * Mbalame

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Mbalame yosangalala komanso yoseketsa ya Amadin ndi alendo olandila amene amakonda kuimba kosangalatsa. Kugulitsa ndalama zochulukirapo komanso kulimbikira sikofunikira kuti muzisunga ma amadins. Chifukwa cha kudzipatula kotereku komanso kuphatikiza mwamtendere, mbalame zowoneka bwino zikuthanso kutchuka. Musanabweretse munthu wokhala ndi tsitsi loyera kunyumba kwanu, muyenera kudziwa zomwe akufunika. Momwe angakonzekere chipinda ndikuyika khola, momwe mungadyetsere ndi zomwe mungachite ngati mukudwala. Kuphatikiza pazoyambira chisamaliro choyenera, muyenera kudziwa ngati ndizotheka kubereka azidole kunyumba.

Kufotokozera

Amadin ndi am'banja la owomba nsalu, gulu la odutsa. Mwachilengedwe, mitundu yawo imakhala m'maiko atatu: anthu amitundu mitundu amapezeka ku Africa, Australia, ndi South Asia. Mbalamezi ndizapamwamba kwambiri - kukula kwake sikokwanira kupitirira 15 cm, ndipo kulemera kwa thupi - 50 g. Iwo ali ndi mulomo wokulirapo wamapangidwe atatu, translucent, ngati kuti waponyedwa kuchokera ku sera. Mtundu wa mulomo ndi wamakhola amuna, lalanje mwa akazi, wakuda mu anapiye.

Phale lodziwika bwino limaphatikizanso mithunzi yosiyanasiyana: mitundu ya pastel mu mbalame kuchokera kumalo amtunda wotentha, malo owala owoneka pa thupi la omwe akukhala m'malo otentha. Amadin ena amadziwika ndi kusintha kwasintha kwamitundu. Kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yakukhwima, anyani amakonzanso zovala zawo, ndikamaliza kumanga nesting kubwerera kumitundu yawo yanthawi zonse.

Malingaliro odziwika

Asayansi ali ndi mitundu 38 ndi mitundu 300 ya Amadinae. Chosangalatsa chake ndi mitundu yomwe imatha kusungidwa kunyumba. Pakati pa mbalame zodabwitsazi, nthumwi zingapo zowala bwino zimawonekera:

Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti Amadin ndi mbalame zazing'ono kwambiri komanso zosalimba. Ayenera kukhala mugwere, osalumpha momasuka mchipindacho. Kusunga makanda okhala ndi zitsulo si nkhanza, koma humanism, njira yodzitetezera ku zoopsa zomwe zili pafupi. Osati zambiri zomwe zimafunikira kuti musunge zovala zovala mkati mwa nyumba: pezani zida zofunikira, konzani malo, sankhani chakudya choyenera.

Kudyetsa

Zakudya zamainsins ndizosavuta, sizikukhudzana ndi frill. Zimakhazikitsidwa ndi msanganizo wa tirigu wokhala ndi mapira ambiri. Kuphatikizidwa kwa chakudya chouma kumakhalanso ndi zinthu zina:

hemp,
mbewu ya canary
oats wosweka
kugwiririra,
mbewu za fulakesi ndi zitsamba zodambo.

Kuphatikiza pa mbewu, ma parrot madadin amakonda masamba osaphika, zitsamba, zipatso - ichi ndi chakudya chokoma chomwe chili ndi mavitamini ambiri. Mutha kusiyanitsa chakudyacho ndi masamba a dandelion, nettle, plantain. Chosiyana ndi zonunkhira zonunkhira: katsabola, anyezi, basil.

Zakudya zopangidwa ndi mbewu zokha sizikwanira kudyetsa. Patsiku ndi tsiku mbewu yophatikizidwa kawiri pa sabata onjezani mafuta ochepa otsikira tchizi, yophika dzira. Zakudya za nyama zimakhala ndi calcium, phosphorous, ndi macronutrients ena ofunikira kuti nthenga zitheke. Nthawi yochezerayo imadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimathandizidwa ndi chakudya chamoyo: mphutsi za ufa, nyongolotsi za magazi, tizilombo.

Mawonekedwe opepuka

Kuwala kumatanthauza zambiri ku Amadins. Amavulazidwa ndi kuwala kosakwanira kwa dzuwa ndikuwunika koyipa. Zoweta kunyumba, masana maola osachepera 13 maola amafunikira. Kuwala kwamphamvu kwa tsiku kumakhudza thanzi la mbalamezo; nyali zowala usiku zimayambitsa kupsinjika. Kuperewera kwa ma radiation a ultraviolet ndiwofupi ndi kukula kwa ma rickets ndi zovuta zama metabolic.

Ndikayamba nyengo yotentha, khola limatengedwa kupita kukhonde kapena kosanja, ndikusiya pansi pa thambo kwa maola angapo. Kumbali ina ya khola amapanga mthunzi pomwe mbalame zimatha kubisala. M'nyengo yozizira, ma Amadin amafunika chowonjezera chowonjezera - nyali ya incandescent kapena nyali ya ultraviolet. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito nyali zapadera za mbalame, kuti zisayike pafupi ndi mita ndi theka.

Zojambula zakunja

Amadin ndi mbalame zazing'ono. Kutalika kwa matupi awo sikupita masentimita khumi ndi limodzi, ndipo amatenga mtundu wawo wowala ndi wokongola masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri atabadwa. Wamphongo amakhala ndi maonekedwe owala, ndipo wamkazi amakhala wambiri, wokhala ndi mikwingwirima yakuda pamutu pake. Mbalame zazing'ono zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mulomo wakuda, womwe umawoneka wachilendo, popeza mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi sera. Ichi ndichifukwa chake mbalame nthawi zina zimatchedwa milomo ya beak. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma amadon imakhala ndi mtundu wina, koma tidzakambirana izi pang'ono.

Zingwe ndi zowonjezera

Kusankhidwa kwa maselo kumadalira kuchuluka kwa masamba. Nthawi zambiri, ma parrot amadin amakhala m'magulu kunyumba, chifukwa amafunika kampani. Ngati chiweto chimodzi chikhala bwino ndi chipinda chaching'ono chotalika 20/25/25 cm, ndiye kuti mbalame ziwiri kapena zingapo zidzafunika malo okhalamo. Magawo oyenera kwambiri m'litali ndi m'lifupi ndi 40 cm 60, ndipo eni ake amasankha kutalika kwake poganizira kuthekera kwa chipindacho.

Kupanga kosavuta kwa kakhola, ndikosavuta kosamalira: kusamba, kuyeretsa, kusintha zida. Zipangizo zomwe nkhuku zimapangira zimayenera kukhala zolimba, zotetezeka, zaukhondo. Ma Amadin sakhala ndi ndodo za gnaw, chifukwa chake, amawakonzera, nyumba zophatikizana zachitsulo ndi pulasitiki kapena matabwa sizimayikidwa.

Khola ili ndi zida:

2 operekera zakudya,
woledzera wokha
2 misewu yopyapyala yokhala ndi mainchesi 9 mm,
chishango chodzitchinjiriza pamunsi mozungulira.

Kukhazikitsa chitetezo chowonekera kumathetsa vuto la kutaya zinyalala. Kuphatikiza apo, khola liyenera kukhala ndi pallet yokhala ndi pulogalamu yotha kusintha. Matawulo a pepala amaikidwapo, omwe amathandizira kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku.

Zaukhondo ndi kusamba

Chithandizo chamadzi ndi gawo lofunika posamalira maodin. Koma kusamba mbalame - izi sizitanthauza kuchiyika mu beseni ndi madzi ndi sopo. Chinyama chokhala ndi ulusi chija chimayenera kupatsidwanso mwayi wosamba: ikani suti yapadera yosambira - ikapachikika kapena pansi, kuthira madziwo kuti akuya asapitirire 1.5 cm.

Parrot Amadins amasangalala kusambira. Izi ndi za onse zosangalatsa komanso njira yosamalirira. Akakumana ndi madzi, nthenga zimasungunuka, utovu umatsitsidwa kwa iwo. Chofunikira kwambiri ndimasewera am'madzi nthawi yosungunula komanso pamaso pa nthenga za nthenga. Chinyezi chimathandizira kuyabwa pakhungu, chimathandizira kutulutsa khungu, ndikuthandizira mbalame kukhala bwino.

Kusamalira molting

Amadins molt kawiri pachaka, ndipo iyi ndi njira yachilengedwe, koma imapatsa mbalame zovuta. Mwa akazi, molting nthawi zambiri amapezeka kumapeto kwa nyengo ya kubereka. Mapaum akasintha, mainsins amakhala atafooka ndipo amafunikira chisamaliro chowonjezereka. Mbalame zosenda zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi, zosokosera zake, abambo amasiya kuyimba kwakanthawi. Kuthandiza ziweto kuthana ndi kusasangalala, muyenera kuwabwezeretsa. Kuti muchite izi, tengani zingapo:

kupereka maola owerengeka maola osachepera 10,
onjezani kutentha kwa chipinda mpaka madigiri 26 - 28,
khalani ndi chinyezi 60%,
Ndisambire tsiku lililonse
onjezani Tsamax pachakudya malinga ndi malangizo,
kuwunika kukhalapo kwazinthu zazing'ono zam'm cell mu cell.

Sikuti nthawi zonse nthenga zamtunduwu zimakhala zabwinobwino. Nthawi zina kusungunuka kumachitika chifukwa cha kupsinjika kapena matenda. Zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa matenda amtunduwu, amatha kuyenda mpaka kalekale komanso ngakhale kupangitsa amadina kufa.

Matenda ndi Kuteteza

Ma Amadin osalimba amatha kugwidwa ndi matenda enaake komanso mbalame zonse. Mwa zina mwa matenda a aonekera, ornithosis, zotupa zamkati, ndi majeremusi ndizowopsa kwambiri. Komanso, parrot amadins amadwala zotupa za mulomo, nthenga, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi kudzimbidwa. Kusowa kwa Vitamini, dazi, kuvulala ndi poyizoni ndizofala kwambiri mwa mbalame zazing'ono, kutengera mikhalidwe yakumangidwa. Popewa zovuta, muyenera kusamalira ziweto.

Matenda opatsirana amayambitsa nkhawa yayikulu pakati pa eni ake. Ma Amadin opanga tokha amatha kugwira kachilomboka, nkhupakupa kapena mafangasi kuchokera kwa anthu atsopano omwe agulidwa kumalo ogulitsa ziweto. Zizindikiro zokhala ndi kachiromboka: kusintha kwa machitidwe, kugona, kukana kudya. Koma zizindikiro zomwezi zimatha kukhala chiwonetsero cha matenda ena onse. Ngati mukukayikira kuti chiweto sichili bwino, amachiwonetsa kwa veterinarian. Kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa matenda ndikosavuta kuposa kuchiritsa, motero kuyikika kwaokha kumafunika kwa omwe ali ndi poyambira.

Kuswana kunyumba

Mwa kufananiza ndi ma budgies, Amadins amapezeka mosavuta mu ukapolo. Malingaliro awo ogonana amawonekera koyamba ali ndi zaka 7 - 9 miyezi. Oberera amavomereza kuti kubereka koyambirira sikuyenera kulimbikitsidwa - tiyeni mkazi azikula mpaka chaka chimodzi. Ngati mwini wake akufuna kupeza mwana kuchokera kumawadi ake, ayenera kuyika mbalame zingapo nthawi yomweyo. M'nyumba yatsopanoyi, nyumba yokhazikika iyenera kupachikidwa ndipo ziweto ziziperekedwa ndi zinthu zomangira chisa: nthambi, udzu, ndi fumbi. Mu chaka chimodzi, amadinoni amakhala ndi ana atatu, koma ngati atapezeka nthawi zambiri, thupi la mkazi silingathe. Nthawi zina mbalame zotopa zimasiya anapiye kapena kufa chifukwa chotopa.

Kusamalira Nkhuku

Akakhwima, wamkazi amakhala pachisa ndikugona mazira 2 - 5 oyera. Amawotha masana munthawi yofananira ndi yamphongo, usiku, Aamadi amakhala pamazira awo limodzi. Pakatha masiku 12 mpaka 16, anapiye amawoneka, amaliseche, akhungu komanso osowa thandizo. Makolo amawadyetsa ndi chakudya chodyedwa pang'ono, chomwe chimatulutsa kuchokera m'mimba kupita m'milomo ya ana. Pa tsiku lachitatu, chimfine chikuyamba kuphulika anapiye, kumveka mawu oyamba - mawu akudutsa.

Zolemba posamalira anapiye a Amadins sizisiyana ndi zomwe zimafunikira poyerekeza ndi mbalame iliyonse. Kukula kwachichepere kumakhala mapiko patatha milungu itatu, kuyesera kuchoka mu chisa. Pakadali pano, ana ayenera kuyang'aniridwa mwachidwi, kubwerera kwa makolo awo atagwa. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuyika matako angapo pafupi ndi chisa, pomwe anapiye amaphunzira kudumpha ndikuchokapo. Ndikotheka kuti pofika nthawi yomwe mbalame zazing'ono zimayikidwa mu khola lina, zazikazi zimayambiranso kukhala chisa.

Mbalame zachilendo za Amadina zimatha kusangalatsa anthu okhala ndi lingaliro limodzi. Ndipo ngati ayamba kuimba ndi kudya chakudya m'manja, palibe amene alibe chidwi. Simuyenera kuyembekezera kuti mbalame zoterezi zidzabwera kuchokera ku mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, koma mapangidwe olowera a Amadins amapanga nyumba yabwino kwambiri.

Habitat

Mbalame zazing'onozi ndizofala ku South Asia. Mitundu ina yamadzi imakhala kumwera chakum'mawa kwa China, Sumatra, zilumba za Java, Lombok, Timor, Myanmar, Malaysia, India, Thailand, New Guinea ndi Sri Lanka.

Asayansi a ornithologists amati masiku ano pali mitundu yopitilira 300 ya mbalame zokongola izi. Koma lero tikuwonetsani mitundu yotchuka kwambiri komanso yotchuka ya mains, yomwe ndi yoyenera kwambiri kukonzanso nyumba kuposa ena.

Mbidzi Amadins

Zoyimira izi zamtunduwu zimapezeka kwambiri ku Australia, ndipo zimagawidwa kumadera otentha komanso m'nkhalango. Ngati malo omwe amawakonda ali ndi anthu ambiri, amakhala m'mabala, m'misewu, m'minda. Mbidzi zamadzi, zomwe chithunzi chake m'munsimu, sichimavomereza kusungulumwa. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zambiri amapanga gulu lalikulu. Amapumulanso, kuyesera kuti asasiyane wina ndi mzake, ndi kuwuluka kokha kukafunafuna usiku umodzi.

Mtunduwu umatha popanda kumwa madzi kwa milungu ingapo. Ngati ndi kotheka, zebra amadina munthawi yachilengedwe imatha kumwa madzi amchere nthawi yayitali. Kwa mbalame zina, kuchuluka kwa mchere nthawi zambiri kumapha.

Mbidzi zamadzi zimamanga zisa m'malo otetezeka ku abuluzi ndi njoka, zomwe sizimalimbikitsa kudya mazira awo. Nthawi zambiri amazipaka mu zitsamba zaminga kapena m'makhola, zing'onozing'ono, zing'ono, etc.

Chidziwitso choyambirira cha kubadwa kwa mbalame zamtunduwu kunyumba chinayambira m'zaka za m'ma 1800. Kuyambira pamenepo, mbalamezi zatchuka kwambiri pakati paokonda mbalame. Zowona, munthawi imeneyi, ma Amadinowa asintha kwambiri kunja. M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, mbalame zamtunduwu zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri komanso mitundu mitundu, pomwe iwo omwe amakhala mu ukapolo alibe malire. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu yachikaso ndi ya bulauni yakhala yodzala.

Otsala amapitilizabe kusamalira mbalamezi ndi mtundu wapadera womwe sungapezeke mwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lomalizira la zaka zam'mbuyomu adawoneka ma zebra oyera ndi maso akuda omwe amawasiyanitsa ndi maalubino ena.

Mpunga Amadina

Oimira amtunduwu amadziwika kuti ndi wamkulu kwambiri pakati pa abale awo. Ma Rice amadins (chithunzi chomwe mungawone m'lemba lathu) ali ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 15 mpaka 17. Kwawo kwa mbalamezi ndi chisumbu cha Bali. Koma mutha kuwaona pafupifupi kulikonse padziko lapansi. Akatswiri amati izi zimachitika chifukwa choti mbalame zoweta, zomwe zimatengedwa kudziko lina, zinawuluka kuchoka m'malo omwe zidakhazikitsidwa ndikuyenda bwino mu gawo latsopanoli. Amakonda kukhazikika m'minda ya mpunga, chifukwa chake adadziwika.

Japan Amadina: mitundu

Mbalameyi imatha kulimbikitsidwa kuti izikonzedwa ndi mbalame za novice. Mtunduwu, pamodzi ndi Canary, uli ndi mbiri yayitali yodzigwira - zaka 400. Anthu achi China, omwe ndi odziwika bwino chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo chakale chobala mbalame, anali woyamba kubala.

Kuchokera ku China, amadina awa adabwera ku Japan. Kunali kuno komwe mitundu ina yamitundu yawo idawonekera, ndipo kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 inafika ku Western Europe. Apa adapeza mayina awiri: chimbudzi (chokomera amtendere) kapena Japan. Makolo akale a mtunduwu ndi amazoni amkuwa, omwe masiku ano amakhala m'nkhalango za Southeast Asia.

Zaka zaposachedwa, kuyesa kosalephera zingapo kwachitika kuti awoloke mitundu yamkuwa ndi nyumba za Amadina waku Japan, koma pamapeto pake ntchito za asayansi zidachita bwino. Mbadwa za haibridi zidapezeka, koma zidapezeka kuti ndizambiri: adalandira anapiye kuchokera kwa achikazi komanso achimuna. Mpaka pano, anapiye a m'badwo wachitatu ndi wachinayi aŵeta.

Ma Amadins aku Japan (mitundu ya zithunzi za mbalame za banja lino zalembedwera m'nkhaniyi) masiku ano nthawi zambiri amapezeka patsamba la zofalitsa, chifukwa amachititsa chidwi kwambiri pakati paokonda mbalame. Makamaka mukaganizira kuti masiku ano pali mitundu yake yambiri:

mbandakucha
kuchotsedwa,
zofiirira zosiyanasiyana
oyera ndi oyera,
oyera oyera, etc.

Zonsezi zimaswana mwachangu, koma chachikulu ndichakuti mbalamezi ndi nkhuku zodabwitsa, amnzake ndi makolo omberera ana amphaka zamitundu mitundu ya owomba.

A Gould's Amadina

Tikukhulupirira kuti mitundu ya amadinidwe omwe atchulidwa munkhaniyi (zithunzi zokhala ndi mayina) ithandiza owerenga athu kusankha nyama yosalala komanso yosangalatsa. Ambiri atsimikiza kuti mbalameyi imakhala ndi utoto wokongola kwambiri m'banjamo. Oyimira mitunduyi atha kukhala ndi zosankha zingapo zokhala ndi maula okongola.

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, zimapezeka kumpoto kwa Australia ndipo zimawerengedwa monga mtundu wokhala pangozi. Mbalameyi idatchulidwa kuti imakumbukira za wokwatirana naye wa chilengedwe cha a John Gould waku Great Britain, yemwe adapita naye paulendo wonse ndipo adamwalira kamodzi paulendo. Poyamba, dzinali linkamveka mosiyanasiyana - Lady Goode's Amadina.Mwa zizolowezi zake, mbalame ya gululi imakhala yosiyana ndi abale ake. Ganizirani izi.

Izi ndi mbalame zomwe zimakonda kusamukira kuthengo mvula ikatha, ikayamba kukumana ndi mavuto ndi chakudya. Kuchokera pakudya pakadali pano mbewu zouma zokha zomwe amapeza pansi zimangotsalira. Koma chinthucho nchakuti mbalame ya gulu la zamalonda safuna kudya pansi, motero imawuluka kukafunafuna malo abwinoko, nthawi zambiri imataya zisa ndi mazira, ndipo nthawi zina timasaka anapiye.

Ndi chilengedwe chodabwitsa bwanji!

Amadins ndi am'banja la ochita kupanga bwino (zovala zazomera nyimbo za odutsa, otchulidwa kuti amatha kupanga zisa kuchokera ku udzu wosinthika, kulekanitsa ulusi m'litali lonse la tsamba ndikuwapukutira ndi malovu), oyimira omwe amatha kuwoneka kulikonse padziko lapansi.

Ponena za Amadins, zachilengedwe zomwe amakhala makamaka ku Africa ndi Australia, mitundu ina imatha kuwoneka ku South Asia - nthawi yomweyo amakhala onse ali m'malo otseguka ndipo amakhala ndi malo abwino okhala panthambi za nkhalango.

Amadins amawoneka motere:

Mbalameyi ndi yokondwa, yogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso kudalira kwambiri,
Zambiri zake ndizochepa - kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira 10 mpaka 15 cm,
Ngakhale amatchulidwa ngati zovala ngati nyimbo, amayimba bwino: sangathe kuimba nyimbo, koma sikufanana ndi kuyimba mluzu, kukuwa, kubuula, kubuula kapena kusisima. Amuna amayimba bwino kuposa akazi.
Mlomo wa mains ndi wakuda, wopotapindika utoto ndipo umawoneka wonyezimira, potero umawoneka kuti wapangidwa ndi sera (nthawi zina amatchedwa kulumidwa ndi sera). Cuv ya amuna achikulire ndi matanthwe odzaza, mwa akazi ndi lalanje, mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala zakuda,
Zowonjezerazo ndizowonda, zokongola komanso zokongola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazisanu kapena zingapo.

Mbalame zamitundu

Mitundu ya mainsins imakhala yosiyanasiyana kwambiri ndipo imatha kudziwa malo omwe ilimo: pakati pa mbalame zomwe zimakhala mosakhazikika, mtundu wake ndi bulauni, oyera komanso achikaso. Koma okhala m'malo otentha amavala zovala zapamwamba - pali kuphatikiza pafupipafupi kwa mitundu yofiira ndi yakuda, yamtambo ndi yobiriwira, yofiirira komanso yachikaso.

Amuna amtundu wina wa Amadins amasintha zovala zawo nyengo isanayambe kukhwima, pambuyo pake amakhala ofanana ndi abwenzi awo. Zowona, mtundu wamphongo umakhalabe wowala kuposa waachikazi: Zovala zotere zimapangidwa kuti zizitsogolera mdani kutali ndi chisa kuti zitha kuwopsa - pomwe zazikazi zomwe zimaswa mazira zimayenera kukhala zowonjezera momwe zingathere.

Asayansi apanga chochititsa chidwi posachedwa: utoto wa nthenga pamutu wachidziwitso umawonetsa mikhalidwe yawo (pamenepa, gulu la amadine lidakhala mutu wophunziridwa). Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyesera, adatha kudziwa kuti mbalame zokhala ndi mutu wofiira ndizosagwirizana komanso zamtendere kuposa abale awo ena, chifukwa chake adatha kuthamangitsa mbalame zina kutali ndi chakudya popanda mavuto. Zinapezeka kuti mbalamezo zimawona zofiira ngati chizindikiro cha kupsa mtima: chifukwa cha ichi, mbalame yokhala ndi mutu wakuthengo idakonzedwa mwapadera, chifukwa omwe achibale adayipewa.

Mbalame zokhala ndi maula akuda pamitu yawo ndizovuta kwambiri (chifukwa chake ndizodabwitsa kwambiri): anali ofunitsitsa kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano zomwe zinayikidwa mu khola, komanso anali oyambiranso kubwereranso kuthyolalo atatha asayansi atathamangitsa nyama yomwe ili ndi nyama zokhala ndi mbere.

Mwathunthu, pali mitundu makumi atatu ndi isanu ndi itatu ya mbalame zodabwitsazi ndi mazana atatu a zolengedwa zawo padziko lapansi. Poganiza kuti ndizosavuta kubereka mu ukapolo, okonda mbalame amasiyanitsa mitundu yotsatirayi pazosiyanazo zonse:

Amadins aku Japan

Madadin aku Japan anali odzala podutsa pamtengo wamkuwa wokhala ndi mitundu ya ku China kapena yaku Japan, motero kutchire ndizovuta kwambiri kuwona (pokhapokha mbalame itatuluka mu khola).

Mtundu wa mbalameyi ndi wodekha komanso wowonda, ndiwochezeka kwambiri ndipo umakonda kukhala m'khola limodzi ndi ena oimira mitundu yake.

Mukaweta, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa njuchi za anapiye amtundu wina wa zamines. Akaswa mazira, ndibwino kukhazikitsanso awiriawiri, chifukwa kuyenda pafupipafupi kwa mbalamezi ku zisa zapafupi nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa kuti mazira ndi anapiye aziphwanyidwa.

Mbalamezi zimangokwatirana mosavuta osati ndi mitundu yonse yamitundu, komanso ndi oimira ena a mabanja awo, chifukwa chomwe kuchuluka kwa ana awo kumawoneka kokongola kwambiri, kowala komanso kosiyana. Zophatikiza ndizosatheka kubereka.

Amadina Gould

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti gulu la gulu limakhala ndi mtundu wosangalatsa kwambiri wa mbalame zonse zokhudzana: oimira amtunduwu ali ndi zosankha zingapo za utoto wowala. Kuthengo, imagawidwa makamaka kumpoto kwa Australia ndipo imawerengedwa kuti ndi nyama yomwe ili pangozi. Guldova Amadina adadziwika ndi dzina lokumbukira mkazi wachilengedwe waku Britain a John Gould, yemwe adayenda naye ndikumwalira pambuyo paulendo umodzi (munthawi yoyambirira, mtundu uwu umatchedwa "Amadina Lady Goode")

Zochita za gulu la Amadina ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mbalame zambiri zamtundu wake. Monga abale ena omwe amakhala kuthengo, maina a amina nthawi zambiri amasamukira kumadera ena - nthawi zambiri amasamuka akamaliza nyengo yamvula, pomwe mbeu za udzu zokhazokha zitha kupezeka chakudya. Mbalame yodabwitsayi siimakonda kudya pansi, chifukwa chake imawuluka kukafunafuna malo abwinoko, nthawi zambiri imataya zisa ndi mazira kapena anapiye oswidwa).

Kunyumba, kusunga amadina kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, chifukwa kumakhala ndalama zambiri: kutentha kwa mpweya kuyenera kukhala kuchokera madigiri 25 mpaka 30. Komanso salekerera ozizira komanso ojambula.

Koma amakonda kusambira m'madzi ndipo nthawi zambiri amamwa madzi. Kulera nkovuta chifukwa, mwakufanizira ndi abale awo akuthengo, nthawi zambiri amaponyera mazira awo kapena anapiye - chifukwa chake, kwa iwo amene akufuna kuchita izi, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti akhale ndi ma Amadins aku Japan, omwe chisa chawo chizitha kuyika ma cubs kapena kuponyera.

Kuswana

M'nyengo yakukhwima, Amadin amphongo amayamba kuimba, ndipo asanadutse, mbalamezo zimayamba kudumpha kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, zikuyang'anani. Makolo amtsogolo amamanga chisa pafupifupi sabata, pambuyo pake chachikazi chimayamba kuyikira mazira oyera ndi kuwala kwa mtundu wake (kuyambira 2 mpaka 7 ma PC.) Gwiritsitsani ana mbalameyo kwa sabata limodzi, ndikusinthana tsiku lililonse, ndikukhalira limodzi chisa usiku.

Anapiye ofiira okhathamira otsekemera kwa masiku atatu ndipo samveka phokoso mpaka atakwanitsa masiku atatu (amayamba kupempha chakudya patatha masiku khumi kuchokera pamene iwo adabadwa). Makolo awo amadya chakudya chosaneneka, chokhazikika, ndikuchivindikira m'milomo ya ana. Mbalame zazing'ono zimawuluka m'chisa pa 1920 ndipo kwa sabata lina makolo awo amawadyetsa (zimachitika kuti zazikazi zimayamba kupanga zatsopano nthawi iyi).

Anthu omwe akufuna kubereka amadins ngati zomwe zikuchitika komanso chifukwa chake ayenera kuganizira kuti, motere, njirayi ndi yosavuta: chinthu chachikulu ndikufalitsa magulu awiriawiri, ndikuwapatsa zinthu zofunika pomanga chisa. Mukamaswana, muyenera kuganizira momwe mtundu wina wa mbalame umakhalira. Mwachitsanzo, pakati pa Amadin pali mitundu yomwe imatha kuponyera anapiye).

Momwe mungadyetsere mbalame

Ambiri, ali ndi mbalame yaying'ono yokongola iyi, akukumana ndi funso: momwe angadyetsere amadina ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwapatsa chakudya. Pankhaniyi, mwachidziwikire, ndikofunika kufunsa katswiri, koma mulimonsemo, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti maziko a chakudya cha mbalamezi ndi:

zosakaniza za chimanga (mapira ndizothandiza kwambiri)
maudzu mbewu
Zakudya zofewa (izi zimaphatikizapo mazira, tchizi chamafuta ochepa, mpunga wowiritsa) - izi zimapangitsa kuperewera kwa Vitamini ndi matenda ena omwe angabuke chifukwa cha kuperewera kwa zakudya,
mbewu zamera
mbalame zapakhomo zizikhala ndi chizolowezi chokhala ndi chakudya pang'onopang'ono: poyamba safuna kuzidya,
masamba - nkhaka,
mpendadzuwa
musaiwale za kuphatikiza feteleza: mchenga, miyala, miyala, chipolopolo - kusakhalapo kwa mbalameyo kumadzaza ndi matenda ndipo kumatha kupha,
Madzi amathiridwa bwino ndi kuwiritsa.
mwapadera osapereka katsabola ndi anyezi

Pogona m'nyumba

Aliyense amasankha yekha chifukwa chomwe akufuna kupititsira mbalameyi, koma asanachite izi, poyambira, ndikofunikira kufunsa kuti ndi mbalame zingati zamtunduwu zomwe zimakhala. Popeza mbalame zamtunduwu zimatha kukhala ndi moyo pafupifupi zaka 10, ndikofunikira kulinganiza chisamaliro chotere kuti nthawi imeneyi isafupikitsidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kusamalira ma amadin si kovuta: chinthu chachikulu ndikuphunzira malamulo angapo oyambira.

Aliyense amene akufuna kukhala ndi madina azikumbukira kuti si mbalame yomwe imangokhala phewa lake: idapangidwira khola, apo ayi ikhoza kuwuluka modutsa pawindo lotseguka osabwereranso. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mbalame zoterezi zimafunikira gulu lamtundu wawo, chifukwa chake muyenera kuyambitsa banja, chachimuna ndi chachikazi pomwepo (apo ayi matenda atha kupezeka ndi amadina, adzafota, ndipo palibe chithandizo chabwino).

Zomwe zili mbalamezi kunyumba ziyenera kufikiridwa moyenera komanso kukonzekereratu, popeza mwaphunzira kale momwe zingathere kuti zitha kuchitidwa bwino.

Choyamba muyenera kugula khola lalikulu, suti yosambiramo, mitengo yamatanda - angati okwanira ndi zinthu ziti zofunika, ndikofunika kufunsa akatswiri musanagule mbalame. Muyenera kuyeretsa nyumba ya a Amadin tsiku ndi tsiku, popeza mbalame zimakhalabe zopanda pake komanso zofunkha komwe zimayenera. Kamodzi pamwezi ndikofunikira kuchita kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - izi zimathandiza kupewa ma parasites ndi matenda ena okhudzana.

Mphamvu za Amadins, momwe zimasinthira

Amadins, mosiyana ndi mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, ndi mbalame zamanyazi ndipo sizimakhala zonyozeka konse. Ayenera kufikiridwa mosamala, mayendedwe azikhala osalala komanso osakwiya. Zomveka mwadzidzidzi komanso phokoso m'chipinda chokhala ndi mbalame (zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maina ngakhale kufa) ndizosavomerezeka. Pakapita kanthawi, mbalameyo imadzakhazikika ndipo itha kuyamba kuwopsa.

Momwe Amadin amayimbira

Ku Amadins, amuna amayimba makamaka. Kuimba kwa Amadins kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kukopa zazikazi kuti zikule, ndipo zonse zikakhala bwino ndi iwo: ali athunthu, malo oyenera akukonzanso amapangidwa ndipo kulumikizana ndi mwiniyo kumakhazikitsidwa. Koma kutengera momwe mbalame zikuyimbira, ndemanga za eni ake zimasiyana kwambiri - ena amatha kumvetsera nyimbo za Amadinas mosangalala, kuwapeza kuti ndi osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa, pomwe wina, m'malo mwake, amawona kuti kuimba kumeneku sikungosangalatsa.

Mverani momwe amachitira izi:

Kutengera

Mkhalidwe wofunikira pakuwongolera bwino kwa amadina ndi m'badwo wake. Wocheperako mbalame, ndizosavuta kuphunzira. Mbalame zachikulire zili ndi chikhalidwe chopangidwa kale komanso chizolowezi, chomwe amasintha mosanyinyirika.

Yang'anani! Mutha kudziwa maina ochepa, awiri kapena kupitilira apo akhoza kusokoneza wina ndi mzake.

Momwe mungasinthire mwamphamvu mikono yanu ndikungomumasula. Kamodzi, polowa m'chipindacho, mwini wakeyo adzaona momwe ng'ombe yokhala ndi mbeuyo imasiyira kuthengo kuthengo. Izi zitanthauza kuti mbalameyo idakhala yolemba pamanja.

Gawo loyamba ndikukhazikitsanso wophunzirayo m'khola lina laling'ono, laling'ono, lotseguka khoma kapena pamwamba.
Kuti amadina asakhumudwe pakumenya galasi la pawindo kapena kulowa mu mpweya wabwino, kapena mwangozi osatulutsa zenera, mbalame imafunika kudula mapiko ake.
Chotsatira, muyenera kukakamiza maina kuti akhale m'manja mwa mwini. Kuti muchite izi, mosamala, popanda kuyenda kwadzidzidzi, mbalameyo imayendetsedwa pakona ya khola ndipo dzanja limayikidwa mwanjira yoti amadina alibe poti apite, atangodumphira pamenepo.
Gawo lomaliza likhala kuyesa kukoka dzanja ndi amadina atakhala pamenepo kuchokera ku khola. Ngati nthawi yomweyo mbalameyo ili ndi mantha ndikuwuluka, siyiyenera kuyesedwa kwa maola angapo kuti imale pansi, kenako ibwerezenso kuyesererako.

Pazokondweretsa za madina pamalo ozungulira, amabzalidwa paphewa. Pakapita kanthawi, mutha kuyesa kulowetsa chala cha mbalameyo, ndikukhudza pang'ono miyendo ya mbalame. Mwanjira imeneyi, amaphunzira kudutsa kuyambira phewa kumanja ndi kumbuyo.

Zofunika! Kuti mugwirizanitse malo omwe ali kunja kwa khola ndi maina ndi malo otetezeka, muyenera kukhazikitsa bwalo lamasewera kapena ngodya yokhala ndi ma mpando angapo m'chipindacho.

Chidwi pakuwopa kwa Amadins akufotokozedwa mu vidiyoyi:

Gulani mbalame, mitengo

Kuti musankhe mbalame yazina, muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa kuti akope amene mukufuna kuti ayang'anire. Mbalame yabwinobwino imadyetsedwa bwino, nthenga zimakhala zonenepa, popanda zizindikiro za nkhupakupa ndi majeremusi. Kusunthika kowoneka bwino kwamadontho ndi mawu omveka amachitiranso umboni zaumoyo.

Kufalikira nthenga, nkoyenera kuyang'anira khungu. Nthawi zambiri, iye ndi wopepuka, pang'ono pang'ono. Mtundu wa imvi kapena wachikasu ndi chizindikiro chowoneka cha kubvutika kwa mbalame.

Ndalama zingati

pansi (amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala okwera mtengo)
mitundu
zaka
malo ogula.

Mtengo wa munthu m'modzi umayambira ma ruble mazana angapo.

kukhalabe ndi kutentha pang'ono
kuyatsa koyenera
zakudya zopatsa thanzi,
kupeza kwa foni yoyenera.

Kutentha kwambiri m'chipindacho ndi mbalameyo kuyenera kukhala pakati pa + 18-23 ° С. Ma Amadin salekerera kukonzekera, chinyezi chambiri kapena, mosiyana, mpweya wouma.

Kukonzekera kwa khungu

Pakusunga munthu m'modzi, khola lotalika masentimita 30x25x25 ndi koyenera kwa ziwiri kapena zingapo, nyumba yayikulu imafunikira - masentimita 40x60x100. Chingwecho chimakonda kukhala chamkwerekwere kapena lalikulu, mbalame yazizungulire sizimva bwino ndipo imapanikizika.

Ma Amadins nthawi zambiri samata ndodo, chifukwa chake maselo a mtundu wophatikizidwa wachitsulo ndi pulasitiki kapena nkhuni amavomerezeka. Njira yabwino ndi khola lomwe lili ndi thireyi yoterera, pomwe mchenga wowuma umathiridwa ndi masentimita awiri. Komanso mu khola la mbalame muyenera kuyika:

awiri odyetsera azitsamba kapena zitsulo,
mbale yomamwa yotseka
mitengo yokumbira yamatanda yopyapyala 9 mm.

Amadina kuswana kunyumba

Kuberekera zamins kunyumba ndi ntchito yosavuta. Mbalame zimakhala zokhwima pakubala miyezi 9-9, koma sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zizilimbikitsa kukhwima zisanathe chaka chimodzi. Ndipo mukufunikiranso kuletsa kubereka kwa Amadina nthawi zopitilira 3 pachaka, apo ayi, osatha kupirira katundu wambiri, mzimayiyu amathanso kudwala.

Nyumba yokhala ndi mitengo yokhomedwa ndi khola ithandiza kuti mbalamezo zizigwirizana. Zipangizo zomangira chisa ndizofunikanso: udzu ndi udzu, utuchi, nthambi, nthambi, ndi fumbi zimachita.

Ngati, akuwona banja, mwini wake akuwona kuti maina amphongo akuonetsa nyimbo yake koposa momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo chachimayi chachikaziyo chikuvomera kusewera kosemphana ndikuyendetsa udzu kuti ipange chisa, ndiye mbalamezo ndizokonzeka kukwatirana ndikugwedeza ana amtsogolo.

Amayi achikazi amakhala mazira anayi mpaka 7, kenako makolo onse amakhala pamazira masiku 11 mpaka 17.

Amadin onsewa amawaswa mazira awo ndipo amatha kuwadula. Izi zimachitika motsutsana ndi kuchepa kwa mchere ndi michere ya mbalame m'mitengo, chifukwa chake, nthawi yolumikizira ana, makolo ayenera kupatsidwa zakudya zoyenera.

Momwe mungasiyanitsire mkazi ndi wamwamuna

Makola omwe akupita ku Amadin nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi chidwi chofunsa funso lodziwitsa amuna kapena akazi awo magawo awo. Mosasamala mtundu wamtundu wa Amadin, wamwamuna amatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi wamkazi, mwa zojambulajambula za melodic, zowonetsedwa ndi amuna okhaokha komanso chithunzi, akuyang'ana zina zakunja. Ndikosavuta kusiyanitsa mnyamata wopanga mtsikana ngati mumadziwa kuti nthawi zonse wamwamuna amakhala wamkulu kuposa wamkazi ndipo mtundu wake umakhala wowala kwambiri.

Zosangalatsa! Amuna amtundu wina wa Amadina amasintha kuchuluka kwawo asanadutse, ndipo mitundu yawo imakhala yofanana ndi ya akazi. Ndipo zimakhala zosatheka kusiyanitsa mbalame ndi jenda.

Kusamalira anapiye

Anapiye a Amadina amabadwa opanda thandizo, dazi ndi khungu. Makolo opangidwa kumene amadyetsa anapiye ndi chakudya chokhazikika, ndikuchotsa pa tsekwe. Pambuyo pa masiku 5-7, anapiye amatsegula maso awo, ndipo patsiku la 7th akuyamba kudzipereka.

Pakatha pafupifupi mwezi umodzi, ana a Amadine amayesa kuwuluka m'nyumba yodyera. Nthawi imeneyi, amafunika kuyang'aniridwa ndipo mwana wa tambala atagwa, abweretsere kwa makolo awo. Kuti nyama zazing'onoting'ono zizikhala ndi mwayi wophunzitsira kulumpha ndikuchoka, mitengo ingapo idayikidwa pafupi ndi chisa.

Scaly Amadina

Mitundu yambiri ya ma dains idadziwika ndi okonda athu pazaka zaposachedwa. Ndipo m'maiko ena kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, mbalamezi zidakongoletsa minda ya chisanu ndi nyumba zachifumu ndi kukhalapo kwawo. Sizovuta kuwasunga, koma samafalitsidwa nthawi zonse mu ukapolo. Mwachitsanzo, amadinala a scaly adayamba kudyedwa posachedwa.

Dzinalo la mtunduwu limatsimikizira modabwitsa kuchuluka kwa mbalame - thupi lake limapakidwa utoto wonyezimira, ndipo mbali zake ndi thupi lotsika pali mawonekedwe amtundu wakuda wokhala ngati nsomba. Khosi lake ndi mutu wake ndi zofiirira, ndipo kumbuyo kumada. Zophimba za nthenga zakumwamba za mchira ndi chovala ndichikasu, ndipo chovalacho ndi choyera. Nthenga ndikuuluka ndi nthenga zakuda. Akazi ndi amuna ali ndi mtundu womwewo. Mbalame zazing'ono zolimba, zofiirira, zokhala ndi thupi lakuda kwambiri.

Mbalameyi imakhala ku Indochina, India, madera akumwera kwa China, Taiwan ndi Indonesia. Amakhala kunja kwa nkhalango, m'nkhalango zamtchire, maponda a mtundu wa savannah, koma pafupi ndi malo okhala anthu.

Amadina wokhala ndi mutu wofiyira

Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, zaka zingapo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma adores anali otchuka pakati pa okonda mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, mu 70-80s of the century century, amateurs aku Russia, oyamba komanso odziwa zambiri, adakonda mbalameyi. Adatenga dzina lake chifukwa cha bandi chofiirira chofikira pakhosi pake. Mtundu wake umakhala wachilendo - kumtunda kwa thupi kumakhala ndi maonekedwe owoneka ngati bulauni, mbali za mutu ndi khosi zimayera, ndipo, mzere wofiira.

Mimba ndi chifuwa zimapaka utoto wonyezimira wowoneka bwino pang'ono. Pakati pamimba pali malo a bulauni. Zosefukira zonse, kupatula zong'ambika, mbali za mutu ndi khosi, zimaphimba zakuda zosinthika zakuda. Mchira wake ndi wa bulawuni, wokhala ndi mawanga owala kumapeto kwa nthenga za mchira. Mlomo ndi imvi.

Chachikazi chimakhala chosiyana kwambiri ndi chachimuna, koma kumbuyo ndi mutu wake kumakhala kutuwa, ndipo malo amdima pamimba ndi ochepa kwambiri. Koma chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimasiyanitsa mkazi ndi kusowa kwa chingwe chofiirira pakhosi, pomwe abambo achichepere amakhala ndi chikhalidwechi kuyambira pakubadwa, chifukwa chake sizovuta kuti obereketsa azindikire mtundu wa mbalamezo.

Amadins Gould

Pazinthu zachilengedwe, zolengedwa izi zimangoyendayenda, ndikupanga ndege zazitali. Amadina Mbalame Gould, zachilengedwe, zimakhala ku Australia ndipo zimawoneka zachilendo. Mbalamezi zimafunikira chinyezi chachikulu, kotero malo okhala kwambiri ndi nkhalango zotentha. Ndipo kusamukira kwa mbalamezi kumadalira mvula yamphamvu.

Mtundu wa kuchuluka kwawo ndiwowoneka bwino komanso wokongola. Mimba yake ndi yachikasu, bere ndi lofiirira, kumbuyo kuli ndi nthenga zobiriwira, ndipo mutu wawung'ono ndi wakuda bii. Mphete ya nthenga za buluu imawoneka bwino pakhosi. Wamlomo wolimba, walimba wolimba - utoto wofiirira.

Akazi amtundu wamtundu wa Amadin amenewa alibe chibwenzi, samakhala pachisa, atatchingira anapiye amangowasiyira zida zawo. Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kusankha mitundu ina yamtunduwu - mbalame za ku Japan ngati nkhuku.

Mpunga Amadins

Awa ndimawonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Mbalame zazing'ono poyambirira zimangokhala kuzilumba za Indonesia, pomwe zidasamukira kumayiko ena apadziko lapansi. Mbalamezi zikagulitsidwa, okonda mbalame zapakhomo ochokera kumayiko ambiri padziko lapansi anayamba kugula.

Zowonjezera za mipunga yamapiri ndizotentha kuposa mitundu ina, koma zimayang'ana nthawi yomweyo zosakhala zapachiyambi komanso zokongola. Kamvekedwe kake kamapulogalamu kakang'ono ndi kadzuwa ndi mtundu wa buluu. Mimba yake ndi yachikaso chakuda, ndipo pang'ono ndi pang'ono mtunduwu umasanduka wakuda pamwamba mchira. Gawo lam'munsi la mchira limapaka kuyera loyera.

Utoto waukulu wamutu waung'ono ndi wakuda, ndipo masaya okha ndi omwe amawoneka motsutsana ndi maziko awa ndi mawanga awiri oyera oyera. Maso ndi ang'ono, owongoka mawonekedwe, ozunguliridwa ndi mtambo wozungulira wakuda wowala, iris ndi yakuda, pafupifupi yakuda. Mlomo wawung'ono wamphamvu - wotuwa wofiirira. Kuchokera kwa omwe akuyimira mtunduwu ndi omwe obereketsa amabweretsa mitundu yoyera yoyera ya mbalame.

Daimondi Amadina

Mitundu yonse yamadzi imakhala ndi mtundu wosiyaniratu. Ndipo aliyense waiwo amapeza wokonda. Chifukwa chake, okonda mbalame amayamika amadina a diamondi chifukwa cha kukongola kosazolowereka kwake komanso nthawi yomweyo zowoneka bwino kwambiri. Wamkazi ndi wamwamuna ali ndi utoto womwewo. Mapiko awo ndi kumbuyo kwawo ndi a bulauni wowoneka bwino; khosi ndi kumtunda kwa mitu yawo ndi imvi. Mbali yapakati pamimba, yovala, mmero ndi mbali za mutu ndiyoyera, chifuwa, mbali, mchira ndi "zingwe" zakuda. Koma kunyada kwapadera kwa mbalamezi ndi tart red red.

Mbali zam'mimba ndizowoneka ndi mawanga oyera pazithunzi zakuda. Iwo adapasa mbalame mbalame. Madontho achichepere ndi a bulauni wowoneka bwino, ndipo misomali yawo ndi yofiyira. Mbalame zokongola zoterezi zidabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku East Australia, komwe zimakhala kumapiri a udzu komwe kuli zitsamba ndi mitengo yosowa. Amamanga zisa zazikulu, zowulungika, nthawi zambiri m'miyala yambiri yamitengo. Izi zimakhazikika m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mutha kupeza zisa khumi ndi ziwiri mumtengo umodzi.

Mtunduwu udayambitsidwa ku Europe kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, ndipo woyamba kubadwa mwa iwo adapezeka mu 1859. Akakhala kundende, mbalamezi zimasungidwa m'malo osungirako nyama pafupipafupi, chifukwa zimakonda kunenepa kwambiri ndipo zimafunikira kuyenda.

Chakudya chopatsa thanzi

Chakudya chachikulu chomwe amapatsa amadins ndi chakudya chapadera chophatikizidwa ndi mbalame. Yambiri mwa kapangidwe kake imayenera kukhala yotenga mapira. Iyenera kuphatikizanso ndi mbewu za canary, oatmeal, nthangala za udzu, hemp, letesi, ndi fulakesi. Osakaniza awa amaperekedwa pamlingo wa supuni imodzi patsiku pa mbalame iliyonse.

Komanso, zamasamba osiyanasiyana ndi zipatso, zipatso, amadyera ziyenera kupezeka mu chakudya. Pochulukirapo, onjezani kanyumba tchizi ndi mazira owiritsa. Timafunikirabe chakudya chamoyo, makamaka panthawi ya kuswana ndi kudyetsa anapiye.

Ikhoza kukhala nyongolotsi zamagazi, gammarus, mphutsi za ufa. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuperekanso mbande zamera pazomera zamphesa. Kuphatikiza apo, mbalame nthawi zonse zizikhala ndi mwayi wopeza zakudya zapadera zamagulitsa zomwe zimagulitsidwa m'masitolo azitsamba.

Moyo & Habitat

Pali zambiri zokhudzana ndi zolengedwa zodabwitsa'zi. Amadin amatchedwa mbalame zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu, mitundu yambiri yomwe imakhala m'maiko aku Asia ndi ku Africa, komanso ku Australia.

Mwachitsanzo, zebra madadin amachokera ku Australia, komwe nthawi yotentha imakhala yotentha komanso yovuta. Nyengo zoterezi zinapangitsa kuti mbalamezi zizikhala popanda kukhala ndi madzi kwa nthawi yayitali (mpaka sabata). Ngakhale kuti mitunduyi nthawi zambiri imakonda kukhala m'malo oluma, imatha kuuluka malo osiyanasiyana kupita kumalo ena kukafunafuna chakudya.

Malo "okhalamo" mwa oimira mbalamezi ndi Australia. Kuyamba kwaulendo wawo wambiri kuchokera kumeneko kunapangidwa ndi chitukuko chaulimi ndi kufalikira kwa ma kontrakitala, pamene nkhalango zidadulidwa, ndipo m'malo mwake panali minda, malo odyetserako ziweto ndi minda. Ngati m'dera linalake madzi ndi malo osavuta, mbalame zimakonda kukhazikika pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu.

Zosangalatsa! Oyimira kuthengo a mtunduwu amasiyanitsidwa ndi kupirira kwambiri komanso kuleza mtima. Powayang'ana, alimi ambiri a nkhuku amazindikira kuti a Amadins amamwa pang'ono masana, ngakhale ngati pali madzi ochulukirapo mwa omwe amamwa. Ndipo pazovuta za chilala chachikulu, oluka amapulumuka chifukwa amamwa madzi amchere. Koma kwa mitundu ina ya mbalame, kumwa koteroko kumatha kupha.

Mtengo wa mbalame ya Amadina kuyambira 4 mpaka 5,000 ma ruble. Kusintha kwamitengo kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa cha mitundu yodziwika ya mbalamezi, komanso zimatengera malo omwe kugula. Gulani Mbalame ya Amadina ndizotheka m'masitolo apadera kapena kwa obereketsa, ndipo njira yomalizayi ndiyabwino.

Kwa ziweto zotere, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi miyala yosiyanasiyana kapena yozungulira, ndipo mwa omwe ali ndi mapangidwe ozungulira - amisala "atayika", amayamba kuthamanga, kusakhazikika, komanso kupsinjika mosalekeza. Mbalamezi zimafunikira mpweya wambiri, kotero kutalika kwa osayenera kuyeneranso kukhala kokulirapo.

Zakumwa (zosachepera 2-3 zidutswa) ziyenera kuyikiridwa m'nyumba mwawo. Pakhoza kukhala wodyetsa m'modzi. Mitengo ing'onoing'ono ya birch imayikidwa kukhoma lam'mbali kuti mbalamezo zizidumphira masana.

Payokha, muyenera kuyika ndi kusamba mumtsuko, popeza ziweto izi zimakonda kuwaza m'madzi. Ndikofunika kukhazikitsa malo osambira pakhomo la khola - pamenepa, kutsitsi sikungagwere pansi ndikulowetsa odyetserawo.

Amadina Care mumakhala zakudya zomwe zimadyetsa nthawi, kusunga ukhondo mu maselo. Ayenera kutsukidwa masiku 7 aliwonse ndi njira yothandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tisadutse "eni" a maselo.

Mbalamezi zimapita kusukulu, chifukwa chake sizingatheke kukhazikitsa munthu wotereyo mu khola lalikulu. Amadin samakhala limodzi ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame, chifukwa ndiwofanana ndi wankhondo ndipo amatha kupanga ndewu ndi zimbudzi. Zotsatira zake, onse angavutike.

Utali wamoyo

Pafupifupi, zipatso za zebra zimakhala zaka 7 mpaka 8. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa moyo wawo kukhala mu ukapolo.

Kuswana kolakwika ndi malo ogulitsa. Kubadwa kwamtundu wamtunduwu kuli ndi gawo lofunikira pakutalika kwa mbalame. Kuyesa kwakukulu kwa obereketsa kuti apange mitundu yatsopano yosinthika ya mbalamezi kwadzetsa matenda akulu obadwa nawo mwa anthu ena. Nthawi zambiri anapiyewa amafa akadali dzira. Kugula kwa zebra amadina m malo ogulitsa ziweto kapena msika wa mbalame sikupereka chitsimikizo kuti chiweto chikhala bwino komanso chochepa.
Kusamalira osakwanira. Anthu omwe alibe luso losungira mbalamezi zaku Australia nthawi zambiri amadzabzala molakwika mbalame zina. Zotsatira zake, dera loyandikana nalo limathera pakulimbana kosatha kwa chakudya ndi gawo. M'malo oterewa, a Amadin amayamba kumva chisoni, kutopa komanso kudwala. Pali kuvulala komwe kumatha chifukwa cha kufa kwa mbalame. Kusamalira mosapindulitsa ndikudyetsa mbalame za zebra nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa kufa kwawo koyambirira.
Kuvulala, kupsinjika. Kusintha pafupipafupi komanso kwadzidzidzi kumatha kuvulaza mbalame. Pozindikira, a Amadin amakana madzi ndi chakudya, zomwe zimatha ndikusowa kwamadzi. Simungasokoneze anthu awa, makamaka poyamba. Phokoso lalikulu komanso zinthu zina zoopsa zimatha kuvulaza mbalame. Komanso akathawa, amatha kuvulala komwe kumapangitsa kuti afe.

Momwe mungadziwire zaka?

Kuti mudziwe zaka za mbalame zamtunduwu ndizomwe, munthu ayenera kulabadira mawonekedwe otere.

Madokotala a mbidzi achichepere sasuntha molimba mtima, atha kusiya kuyanjana. Amawuluka bwino, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa khola.
Mwa achichepere, mulomo umawonekera kwambiri. Palibe chowonongeka pa icho. Khungu pamiyendo ndi lopyapyala, lomwe lili ndi masikelo ang'onoang'ono, osadziwika. Zovala ndi zazifupi komanso zaudongo.
Pamaso pa molt woyamba, Amadins achichepere amakhala ndi nthenga zazing'ono. Mwa mitundu yaying'ono yamtundu wina, maula sachepa.

Zinthu zikukula

Kutentha kwabwino kosungira mbalame ndi madigiri 18-22. Kusintha kwa kutentha kungasokoneze thanzi la mbalame. Kuti nthenga zazina zizikula moyenera komanso kupewa ma ricores, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mutembenukire ku radiation ya UV mothandizidwa ndi nyali. Ndipo nyengo yakutentha, khola limatha kutengedwa kupita kukhonde kapena kubwalo. Ndikwabwino kusankha malo okhala ndi mthunzi.

Mukatundu wa mbalame za zebra, simuyenera kukhazikitsa mbale zakumwa zokha, komanso chovala chosambira. Kusamba pafupipafupi ndi gawo limodzi la moyo wa mbalamezi. Chifukwa chake amasunga nthengazo kukhala zoyera, zimathandizira kupsa mtima. Nthawi zambiri, ma Amadins amawaza m'madzi ndi chisangalalo kotero kuti pambuyo pake samapeza mphamvu ngakhale pakuwuluka.

Kusamalira bwanji?

Mbidzi amadinala amafunika chisamaliro choyenera komanso chokhazikika. Izi zitha kudziwa kuti mbalameyi ikhale ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji komanso kuti ikhale ndi thanzi bwanji. Chinthu chachikulu chomwe mwini wake sayenera kuyiwala ndi kuchuluka kwa khungu lomwe mbalame za mitundu zomwe zikukhalamo zimakhala. Kapangidwe kake kamayenera kuti kachilombo ka kachilomboka kamodzi pa mwezi, apo ayi tiziromboti toopsa tidzaoneka pamenepo. Musanayambe ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, fumbi ndi dothi zonse zimayenera kuchotsedwa m'khola, ndizitsukidwa ndi madzi otentha.

Kenako, mipata yonse ya m'chipangizocho imayenera kuthandizidwa ndi njira yothandizira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito burashi. Selo ikangoma, iyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi otentha ndi sopo. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti zosagwirizana ndizomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito sizikhala pamalowo.

Pakutalika kwa njira, mbalamezo zimayenera kusamutsidwa kuchokera kumalo othandizira kupita kwina. Mukanyalanyaza zoterezi, mbalame zimatha kukhala pamavuto a poohopera, yomwe imakhala ngozi kwa iwo okha, komanso kwa eni ake.

M'khola muyenera kuyika chakumwa chomwe chizikhala madzi oyera nthawi zonse. Ndikofunika kuti musankhe zida zoyandikira zomwe sizitaya kapena kutaya. Omwe amayenera kutsukidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa tebulo kapena mapira.

Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa malo osambira otseguka. Amathiridwa ndimadzi okhazikika kapena owiritsa. Kutalika kwake sikuyenera kupitirira 2 cm.

Ndikwabwino kuyika wodyetsa pakati pa mitengo kuti chakudya chidetse pang'ono. Ma mbale akumwa ndikusamba ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti musankhe wokwera.

Zakudya ndi zakumwa m'maselo zimayenera kusinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mukamayandikira kapangidwe ndi mbalame, muyenera kusamala. Simuyenera kuyenda modzidzimutsa, mutha kuyankhula ndi mbalame, koma mokweza mawu. Chifukwa chake, Amadins amatha kusinthana ndi anthu.

Mu ngulu momwe zebra amadin amakhala, ndikofunikira kuyika chidebe ndi mchenga. Iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi.

M'malo omwe mbalame zimasungidwa, sipayenera kukhala kukonzekera mwamphamvu kapena kuzizira. Kutentha kwakukulu kuyenera kupewedwa. Simuyenera kusuta pafupi ndi mains, chifukwa utsi wa fodya ndi mipweya ina ya carbon monoxide imatha kuvulaza thupi la mbalame.

Kodi kudyetsa ndi chiyani?

Zidutswa zomwe zimaganiziridwa ziyenera kudyetsedwa bwino. Mbalame zizipatsidwa chakudya potengera zosakanikirana za tirigu za zinthu zisanu ndi zitatu. Gawo lalikulu liyenera kukhala mapira. Pa kilogalamu imodzi ya mapira muyenera kutenga:

250 g ya dambo la udzu (mwachitsanzo, nthano kapena dandelion),
100 g ya mbewu za mogar, chumiza, letesi, hemp,
50 g mbewu ya fulakesi
150 g wa oatmeal
300 g mbewu za canary.

Kudyetsa mbalame za zebra kuyenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi patsiku, supuni imodzi payokha. Zakudya zawo zimaloledwa kuchepetsedwa ndi chimanga chosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, mapira, buckwheat). Ndikofunikira kuwonjezera amadyera atsopano ku menyu awo, mwachitsanzo, katsabola kapena parsley. Zipatso, masamba, zipatso sizikhala zapamwamba.

Ma Amadin sayenera kupatsidwa chakudya chokwanira, komanso mazira ochepa.Ayenera kukhala owiritsa. Ndikofunikanso kudyetsa mbalame ndi tchizi tchizi, zakudya zokhala ndi moyo (ma cellworms, hamarus). Mitundu yomalizayi ya chakudya ndiyofunika makamaka kwa mbalame zomwe zikufuna kubereka.

M'nyengo yachilimwe, zosakaniza zamakolo zimayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi masamba osankhidwa a plantain, letesi kapena dandelion. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu za tirigu, mapira, oats kapena barele zidzakhala zabwino kwambiri.

Ngati simukufuna kudzikonzera mwakokha zosakaniza za michere yokondweretsa kwa mbalame zokongola izi, mutha kugula chinthu chopangidwa chokonzedwa m'sitolo chomwe chimaphatikizapo zonse zofunika. Zakudya zoterezi zimagulitsidwa m'misika yambiri yama pet.

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusankha zosankha zapamwamba.

Malangizo othandiza komanso miseru

Ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira, akatswiri amalimbikitsa kupatsa donasi lamafuta amadzi ku mbidzi. Ndikofunika kuchita izi kamodzi pa sabata.
Mukakonzekeretsa khola kapena mbalame za mbalame za mbidzi, chisamaliro chikuyenera kuthandizidwa kuti zitsimikizike kuti pali malo ena obisika komwe mbalame zimatha kubisala kuti zizisamala.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mbidzi imakonda kusambira, kotero kupatula mbale yakumwa mu khola, kuyenera kuyikiridwa. Kuzungulira ndikuyika pulasitiki kuti zinyalala mu "nyumba ya mbalame" zisanyowe.
M'pofunika kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa mbalame. Ngati mukuzindikira kuti mbalame zimakana chakudya ndi madzi, zimachita zachilendo, zimakhala zowopsa komanso zowawa, ndiye kuti muyenera kulumikizana ndi veterinarian wanu posachedwa. Katswiri adzakuthandizani kudziwa kuti vutolo ndi lotani ndikuwathetsa.
Kusunga zebra mumizere m'khola lalikulu kapena malo otchinga kwakukulu ndikumveka ngati mukufuna genetics ndipo mukufuna kugwira ntchito yopanga zoberekera, kapena mukufuna kukhala wamkulu wazoweta ndi mbalame zogulitsa. Nthawi zina, palibe nzeru m'chilengedwe chachikulu chosunga mbalame zaku Australia.
Nyumba yabwino kwambiri ya Amadins ndi maselo azitsulo odzaza. Zonse ndi zaukhondo komanso zolimba. Kupyola ndodo kumadutsa mosavuta kuwala kofunikira kwa mbalame. Njira yabwino yothetsera vuto lake ndi khungu lozungulira lomwe lili ndi lathyathyathya pamwamba. Kupanga koteroko kumabweretsa mwayi wowonjezera, chifukwa zidzakhala zotheka kupulumutsa malo opanda ufulu ndikuyika maselo angapo pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake.
Panthawi yosungunuka, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ma zebra amadin apatsidwe mankhwala apadera a vitamini. Adzathandizira kukula kwa nthenga, kukonza mtundu wawo wachilengedwe. Ndalama zoterezi ziyenera kugulidwa m'masitolo apadera.
Ndikosatheka kusiya zotsalira za zinthu mu chikole chokhala ndi amadins. Ayenera kuchotsedwa pamalowo posachedwa, apo ayi ayamba kuvunda ndikuwonongeka, ndipo izi siziphatikizira chilichonse chabwino.
Ndikofunika kuthana ndi khola lokha lokha ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, komanso ma pallet, mitengo, othandizira, ndi mchenga. 2% yankho la chloramine ndi carbolic acid ndioyenereradi izi.
Pallet mumtundu ungathe kuthandizidwa ndi ufa chamomile ndi feverfew. Amangotsanulidwa pamtunda pachingwe chaching'ono, pepala lozama limayikidwa pamwamba ndipo mchenga umathiridwa.
Ngati mungasunge ma zebra kunyumba, muyenera kukhala ndi maselo oyendetsa ndi kukhala kwaokha mwa zida zanu. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mbalame yomwe yangogulidwa kumene iyenera kuyikidwa mnyumba yokhazikika kuti isatenge matenda m'nyumba yonse.
Kusankha malo abwino kwambiri oti muyika khola ndi mbalame, ndikofunika kupatsa chidwi gawo lomwe lili pafupi ndi zenera pafupi ndi khoma. Dzuwa liyenera kugwera pa mbalame osachepera maola 2-3 patsiku.
Mbidzi za amadra zimakonda kwambiri kusintha kwa kutentha, chifukwa chake samalani kuti pakhale mpweya wabwino m'chipindacho. Tiyeneranso kuwonetsetsa kuti ziweto zina sizimawonekera mwadzidzidzi pafupi ndi mbalame - izi zimatha kukhala nkhawa yayikulu kwa amadins.

Zokhudza kuswana ndi kusamalira mimbulu ya zebra, onani pansipa.

Amadins: kuswana

Masiku ano, okonda ambiri ali ndi mbalamezi. Amawoneka bwino ndipo safuna chisamaliro chovuta kwambiri. Monga mbalame zotchedwa zinkhwe, Amadin adzabereka nthawi zina. Kuti ziberekane, adzafunika nyumba yamitengo ya 12 x 12 x 12 cm kukula ndi thabwa, mainchesi 5, komanso kuti mbalamezi zimange chisa chopanda kanthu, zimafunikira mabisiketi, udzu wofewa komanso nthenga zopepuka za nkhuku.

Pakatha sabata limodzi, mbalamezo zimakonzekeretsa chisa, ndipo pambuyo pake zimayikira mazira mmenemo, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zazitali zisanu ndi zitatu. Makolo awo amakoloweka limodzi kwa milungu iwiri, pomwe pamayenera kupatsidwa mtendere wambiri, kuti asawopsyezedwe ndi mawu okwiya. Osayesa kuyang'ana chisa chofunikira, chifukwa banja lomwe lili ndi mantha lingaime.

Yaikazi ndi yamphongo imatenga nawo gawo limodzi pakudyetsa anapiye, ndikumakhomera chakudya chawo. Anapiyewo amakula mwachangu kwambiri, ndipo amakhala mchisa masiku makumi awiri ndi chimodzi, kenako nkuzisiya. Sabata inanso atachokapo, anawo amadyetsa ana awo, koma ana akamaliza kuchoka kunyumba ya makolo, awiriwa amapitanso kukagona kwina. Mbalamezi zimatha kukhwima m'masiku makumi anayi ndi zisanu, ndipo chaka, zikafunika zinthu, zimatha kubereka ana anayi, koma zimayenera kuleredwa zikafika zaka zisanu.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji mbalame?

Ngati mungaganize zokhala ndi mbalame zosangalatsa komanso zoseketsa mnyumba mwanu kapena ngakhale kuyambitsa kuziswana, muyenera kusankha nyama yomwe mumayikonda kwambiri. Zomwe zili komanso kukhala bwino zimadalira boma lomwe mumapeza.

Choyamba, yang'anirani ntchito za mbalameyo, komanso kunenepa kwake. Ngati ndi waulesi, simayenda bwino - ichi ndi chizindikiro cha matenda. Osati choona chakuti adzapulumuka kumalo ena. Mbalame yathanzi ikuyenera kukhala yogwira, yokhala ndi mawu omveka bwino komanso mayendedwe oyenda bwino.

Funsani wogulitsa kuti agwire amadina ndikuyiyika m'manja mwanu. Munjira imeneyi mumazindikira kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwake. Anthu onenepa kwambiri kapena onenepa kwambiri akupatuka pachikhalidwe. Nthenga siziyenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zooneka ngati nkhupakupa kapena majeremusi. Kufalikira nthenga, mutha kuwona khungu la mbalameyo, lomwe liyenera kukhala lopepuka, pang'ono pang'ono.

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