Zoweta m'nkhalango ya North America, Europe, North ndi Central Asia, Africa - ku Morocco kokha. Kumpoto kufalikira ku nkhalango-tundra, kumwera - ku Italy, Spain, Asia Little, Palestine, Northern Iran, ndiye amapezeka ku South-Western Siberia, Altai, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa Mongolia, ku Western China, Tibet ndi Japan. Ambiri mwa anthuwa amakhala ndi moyo wokhazikika ndipo, monga lamulo, amatsatira gawo limodzi moyo wawo wonse. Chiwerengero chokhacho chomwe chimasamukira ndicho chomwe chimakhala kumpoto ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa North America - nyengo yachisanu imasamukira kumwera.
Goshawks ndiye mtundu waukulu kwambiri wamtundu wa hawk. Amuna nthawi zambiri amalemera masentimita 630 mpaka 1100, kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 55, mapiko amasiyanasiyana masentimita 98 mpaka 101. Akazi ndi okulirapo, kulemera kwa 860-1600 g, kutalika kwa 61 cm, ndi mapiko a 105-1115. Akavalo, kuphatikiza goshawk, ali ndi milozo yoyera pamwamba pa maso, zomwe zimapereka chithunzi cha nsidze zoyera. Mu goshawk, ndiwofalikira komanso Kutalika kuposa oimira ena amtundu, ndipo pafupifupi amakumbukira kumbuyo kwa mutu. Mtundu wa m'maso mwa akulu ndi ofiira kapena ofiira, ndipo achinyamata ndi achikasu. Mitundu yaimuna ndi yaimuna imasiyanasiyana kutuwa mpaka imvi. Kumbuyo, mutu ndi kuphimba kwa mapiko nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwamdima, gawo lam'munsi limakhala lowala komanso lofanana ndi imvi. Mchirawo ndi imvi yopepuka, ndi mikwingwirima yamoto itatu kapena inayi. Mtundu wa akambuku achichepere ndi osiyana ndi anthu achikulire: kumtunda kwake, mutu ndi mbali yakutali yamapiko ndi zofiirira, bere limayera ndi mikwingwirima yopindika.
Goshawks - mbalame zodya nyama, nyama zodyedwa, mbalame, zolengedwa, ma invertebrates, zapakatikati komanso zazikulu. Wovutitsidwa akhoza kupanga pafupifupi theka la kulemera kwa nyama zomwe amadana nazo. Zakudya za anthu osiyanasiyana zimasiyana wina ndi mzake ndipo zimatengera gawo lozungulira, koma nthawi zambiri amadyera hares, agologolo, agogo amtchire ndi agogo.
A Goshawks amamatira madera awo, ndipo pochezera chisa chisanachitike komanso pomanga chisa chikuwonetsa bwino pirouettes zam'mlengalenga. Ngati wina alowa m'gawo lawo, awiriwo adzachitchinjiriza. Gawo la amuna nthawi zambiri limakhala lalitali kuposa la akazi. Madera amatha kudutsana ndi anthu osiyanasiyana, kupatula malo omwe amakhala. Nthawi ya chisa, gawo lawomwe limachokera ku mahekitala 570 mpaka 3500. Monga ziwombankhanga zina, ma goshawks amalankhulana pakati pawo pogwiritsa ntchito mawu omveka, akumakuwa kwambiri. Kuyankhulana kwawo kumawonekera kwambiri pakasokoneza chisa, pomwe wamwamuna ndi wamkazi amapanga mawu amanjenjemera, mwa akazi ndi mawu okha omwe amakhala ochepa.
Gulu la Goshawks limaswana kamodzi pachaka, pakati pa kuyamba kwa Epulo mpaka pakati pa Juni, ndi ntchito zapamwamba kumapeto kwa Epulo-Meyi. Awiriwo amayamba kumanga chisa miyezi iwiri asanaike mazira. Nthawi zambiri, chisa chimapezeka m'nkhalango yomwe imakhala ndi mitengo yakale komanso yayitali, yowunikira, pa nthambi pafupi ndi thunthu, osati patali ndi malo otseguka - misewu, madambo, mitengo, ndi zina. mphukira zobiriwira kapena Magulu a singano ndi zidutswa za khungwa.
Nthawi zambiri, wamkazi amayikira mazira awiri ndi atatu ndi kutalika kwa masiku atatu aliyense. Mazira 59 x 45 mm kukula kwake, osakhudza, oyera mtima. Tsitsi limayamba kubadwa masiku 28-27. Yaikazi imagwira makamaka, koma yamphongo imalowe m'malo mwake pakasaka. Pambuyo pakuwonekera kwa mbewu ,ikazi imapitilirabe kukhala chisa masiku enanso 25, panthawiyi zonse zimada nkhawa kuti nyama yaikazi ndi yomwe imagwera mwamunayo. Anapiye oswidwa amakhalabe mu chisa kwa masiku 34- 35, kenako amayamba kuyenda nthambi zofanana za mtengo womwewo. Amayamba kuuluka ali ndi zaka 35-46, komabe, akupitiliza kudyetsa kuchokera kwa makolo awo mpaka atakwanitsa masiku 70. Kusiyidwa kwathunthu kwa makolo nthawi zambiri kumachitika mwadzidzidzi, ndipo 95% yaziphuphu zazing'ono zonse zimakhala zodziimira palokha patsiku lawo lobadwa 95. Nthawi yakutha msanga m'matchire achichepere imayamba mchaka chimodzi.
(Accipiter nisus)
Imagawidwa mokulira ku Eurasia kuchokera kumpoto kwa taiga kupita ku Mediterranean (kuphatikizapo mapiri a North Africa), Iran, Himalayas. Kuchokera kumadzulo mpaka kummawa, malo ake amachokera ku Canary Islands ndi Western Europe mpaka Japan ndi Kamchatka. Kuchokera kumpoto kwa Europe, Siberia, Far East amasamukira kumwera nthawi yachisanu, ena mwa anthu nthawi yozizira amakhala m'malo otentha a Asia ndi kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa Africa. M'mitundu yambiri, iyi ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimakonda kudya kwambiri. Imakhala m'nkhalango zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mitundu yotsika, imakonda kusinthidwa mosiyanasiyana kwa nkhalango ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango ndi nkhalango zotsalira, malo osefukira amtsinje m'chigawo cha steppe. Amakhala mofunitsitsa m'magorandscapes, sateteza kunja kwa malo okhala, zisa ngakhale m'mapaki a m'nkhalango. M'mapiri amapezeka mpaka pamtunda wamamita 5,000 pamwamba pa nyanja. Imawulukira kutali tundra, yopezeka mapiri otseguka ndi zipululu zokha.
Sparrowhawk ndi mbalame yaing'onoting'ono yokhala ndi mapiko afupi komanso otambalala, komanso mchira wautali, womwe umathandizira kuyendetsa bwino pakati pa mitengo. Wamphongo wamwamuna wamkulu amafikira 29 cm masentimita ndi 59-64 masentimita mu mapiko. Wamkazi ndi wamkulu kwambiri kuposa wamwamuna. Imakula mpaka 35-41 masentimita ndi kutalika kwa 67-80 cm, ndi kulemera kwa 186-345 g. Mkulu wachikulire amakhala ndi imvi m'maso komanso wopepuka pansipa, wokhala ndi timiyala tating'onoting'ono tofiyira kapena wokhotakhota timene timapanga "thukuta" laling'ono. Chin ndi masaya okhala ndimawu amtali, chikwapu choyera, popanda mota. Yaimayi wamkulu imakhala yofiirira pamwamba komanso yowoneka bwino pansipa ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira kapena imvi yopindika pachifuwa ndi pamimba. Khungu loyera laling'ono limapangidwa pamwamba pa diso la mbalame zamtundu uliwonse, pomwe maula amawukitsa (osisita), maziko oyera a nthenga ndi mawanga oyera pa nape nthawi zina amawonekera. Mapiko ochokera kumtunda amawoneka opindulitsa, kuchokera pansi - pamizere yopingidwa, mchira wa imvi kuchokera kumtunda komanso kuchokera pansi pazoyenera 4 zomangira zomasuka zowoneka. Mwatsatanetsatane wachichepere, mbali ya dorsal ndi yofiirira, yokhala ndi mawanga amdima komanso nthenga zazifupi, mbali yamkatiyo ndiyowoneka ndi mikwingwirima yayitali pakakhosi ndi pachifuwa, ndikusunthika pamiyendo pamimba ndikusesa mbali, yopanda nthawi zonse komanso yayikulu kuposa yaikazi. Utawaleza ndi wachikasu (champhongo - kwa lalanje, mwa mbalame yaying'onayo - kamtambo kakang'ono), sera kuchokera wachikasu (akuluakulu) mpaka imvi (zazing'ono), mulomo ndi wakuda.
Kambukuyu amalira mwachangu ngati "kick-kick-kick", koma osati kawirikawiri.
Nyama - pafupifupi mbalame zazing'ono, zochepa makoko ndi tizilombo, zazikazi zimatha kukhala ndi Hazel grouse, khwangwala. Nthawi zambiri amasaka mwa kuukira obisalira, kapena kubisala mbalame mumtondo wofufuza wosawerengeka womwe umakhala pamwamba pa nthaka.
Awiri amaphatikizidwa ndi malo osungira chisa, amapezeka m'mwezi wa Marichi kapena Epulo, ndipo kasupe aliyense amamangidwa chisa chatsopano, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakutidwa ndi chisoti chachifumu pamtengo. Zomera zimapezeka makamaka mu conifers, makamaka ma pine. Mu ma clutch pali mazira oyera ndi azungu. Yaikazi imakhazikika masiku 32- 35, kuyambira dzira lachiwiri kapena lachitatu. Mavalidwe onse oyaka a anapiye ndi oyera, okhala ndi beige. Poyamba yamphongo imadyetsa ana, kenako wamkazi amayamba kusaka. Khalidwe la mbalame pa chisa limasiyanasiyana pochenjerera. Kudyetsa anapiye mu chisa kumatha pafupifupi mwezi. Amakhala okhwima pakapita zaka 1-3.
(Wovutitsa polankhula)
Amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha za South America kuyambira kumpoto kwa Colombia ndi Venezuela mpaka kumwera kudzera ku Amazon kupita kumpoto kwa Argentina ndi Paraguay.
Ichi ndi chiwombankhanga chachikulu, chomwe chili ndi mapiko ochepa ndi mchira. Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 38-50 masentimita, mapiko - 69-84 cm.
Amadyetsa makamaka mbalame zazing'ono. Popita kusaka, amafunafuna nyama yake kuchokera korona wamtengo wamtali, nthawi zambiri amawuluka kumalo osiyanasiyana.
(Accipiter trivirgatus)
Kugawidwa ku South Asia, kuchokera ku India ndi ku Sri Lanka kupita kumwera kwa China, Indonesia ndi Philippines. Pamakhala nkhalango zam'malo otentha komanso zam'malo otentha. Amakhala moyo wongokhala.
Mbawala yotumphukira imakhala ndi mapiko ofupikirako ndi mchira wautali, womwe umathandizira kuyendetsa bwino pakati pa zomera zamitengo. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 30-6 cm. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna. Mbali yodziwika bwino ya mbalameyi ndi zisa lalifupi.
Mbalame yachinsinsi yobisika imeneyi imadyera mbalame zazing'ono, zolengedwa zoyamwa komanso zokwawa. Amayang'ana munthu wovutitsidwa kuchokera kunthambi yamtengo, kenako amamuthamangira mwachangu. Amanga zisa pamitengo, amaikira mazira awiri kapena atatu.
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HAWK NDI DUWA - HAWK NDI DUWA, Makhalidwe a DC Comic
Abale Hank ndi Don Hall atamva kuti zigawenga zili pafupi kupha bambo wawo. Don adalakalaka atakhala ndi mphamvu zomwe zingamupulumutse. Milungu ya Nkhondo ndi Mtendere idayankha pempho. Hank wokwiya komanso wokwiyitsa anasintha kukhala Hawk, mawonekedwe a Nkhondo, ndi Don wodekha komanso wankhanza - mu Njiwa, chithunzi cha Mtendere. Anapulumutsa abambo awo ndikuyamba kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zawo kuti amenyane ndi zoyipa, koma patapita nthawi, pa "Zovuta", Don adamwalira. Atalephera kuyendetsa bwino mchimwene wake, Hank adayamba kukhala wankhanza kwambiri. Adalowa nawo timu ya Young Titans, koma mawonekedwe ake ophulika adayamba kutsutsana.
A Boshi adaganiza kuti Dawn Granger akhale Nkhunda yatsopano, kenako ngwazi zimagwirizananso. Awiriwo nthawi zambiri sanavomerezane momwe angathetsere kusamvana - Hank woperekedwa kuti achite zinthu mokakamiza, ndipo Dawn adakonda njira zoyankhulirana. The ngwazi amayenera kuyiwala chisokonezo pomwe makonzedwe atsopano a Mtendere ndi Nkhondo awonekera pakati pa adani awo - Swan ndi Condor. Pofufuza chinsinsi chowopsa cha tawuni yaying'ono kummawa kwa United States, Hawk ndi Dove adakumana ndi omwe kale anali abwenzi - "Achinyamata a Titans."
MBIRI YA DZIKO LAPANSI NDI GUWA DANI
M'nkhani yomwe Flashpoint isanachitike, Don ndi Hank adapeza luso kuchokera kwa Lords of Chaos and Order ndipo adalowa gulu la a Young Titans. Pamene Don adamwalira pa nthawi ya "Crisis on infinite Lands", a Dove Granger adatenga nkhunda. Kugwirizana kwawo kunatha pambuyo poti Dawn akuti atamwalira m'manja mwa a Monarch, a Hank oyipa kuchokera kutsogolo. Hank kenako adaphedwa nthawi yamdima usiku, adabweranso ngati zombie ndipo adamenya nkhondo ndi Hawk watsopano ndi Nkhunda - Holly ndi Dawn Grangers. Zotsatira zake, Hank adatha kubwereranso kwazonse.
Dongosolo: zamanyazi "Show Show # 75" (Juni 1968).
kuwonekera kwa thupi la masiku ano: Mzere wojambulira "Hawk & Dove (Vol. 5) # 1" (Nov. 2011).
mayina enieni: Hank Hall (Hawk), Dawn Granger (Nkhunda). malo okhalamo: Washington. kutalika: 187 masentimita (Hawk), 168 cm (Nkhunda). kulemera: 82 kg (Hawk), 57 kg (Nkhunda). maso: bulawuni (Hawk), buluu (Nkhunda), tsitsi: bulauni (Hawk), loyera (Nkhunda).
mphamvu zazikulu: Wakuba - wapamwamba, kukhulupirika, chochiritsa, Nkhunda - mphamvu zowonjezereka ndi luntha, kumvera chisoni, kuthawa, kuyang'ana kwa ngozi, ogwirizana: District of Columbia Police department, Wakufa, Batman. adani: Alexander Kvirk, Condor, Swan, Dyak, Blockbuster, Hunter.
Mabwenzi akale Eric Tsang, Jackie Chan ndi Alan Tam
Anali Eric Tsang yemwe adalangiza wachinyamata Jackie Chan kuti aitane atsikana okongola komanso abwenzi - ochita masewera ndi oyimba - kuma kanema ake kuti atchuke kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, adalangiza kuitanira Alan Tam ku "Armor of God" ndikutsanzira gulu lotchuka la Hong Kong "Opambana", omwe Tam anali membala.
Mbali yakutsogolo ya kupambana kwa Jackie Chan
Kuchokera pagulu la "zida za Mulungu 2"
Powombera mchipinda chapansi panthaka, a Jackie Chan anavulala kwambiri.
Khalidwe la Jackie lidagwera papulatifomu, koma mwadzidzidzi adagwa pansi, osatha kukhalabe osamala. Pothawa, wochita seweroli adagwira phazi lake pamtengo wachitsulo wopachika. Izi zinayambitsa kusunthika m'chiuno ndi kupindika. Ndi unyolo, a Jackie adagwa pansi kumaso pansi ndipo anathyoka nthiti zingapo.
Hollywood yakale mu Mafilimu a Jackie Chan
Zomwe zili kwambiri machitidwe a Jackie Chan ndikusamala kwa misampha, njira yotsimikiziridwa yankhondo komanso masewera oseketsa. Makanema ake ochitira nthabwala ndi apadera.
Kanema "Project A" (1983), pomwe Jackie adachita monga wotsogolera ndipo adachita mbali yayikulu, amamuyesa woyambitsa nthawi yamasewera. Gawo la comedic la filimu "Project A" ndilophatikizidwa: izi ndi zidule komanso zojambula pankhondo, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana mosintha muzochitika. Zigawozi zimachokera ku cinema yakale yokhala chete, ndipo Jackie yekha adatha kugwiritsa ntchito m'makanema ake mawonekedwe amaseweredwe a kanema wamtopola, pomwe malo akuluakulu amatengedwa ndi chilankhulo cha thupi. Atolankhani aku Western analemba kuti ngati dziko litabwereranso munthawi yakanema, a Jackie Chan ndi m'modzi mwa ochepa omwe angalowe m'malo mwa Buster Keaton. M'malo mwake, machitidwe a Jackie samangotengera a Buster Keaton, komanso a Charlie Chaplin, Harold Lloyd ndi ena ochita nawo kanema chete.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema "Nkhani Yapolisi"
Monga momwe mawuwo amanenera, nthawi iliyonse imabereka ngwazi zake. Kuthekera kwa cinema mu 20s ya zaka makumi awiri. anali ochepa, zomwe zimabweretsa zofunika zapadera kuti achitepo kanthu. Nyenyezi zakale za zaka zomwezo zinali zongolankhula thupi zokha, sakanakhoza kuwonetsa luso lawo pakulankhula. Buster Keaton anali ndi talente yopambana yochitira zanzeru zovuta kwambiri pazikhalidwe zosayenera kwambiri pankhaniyi. Komabe, Harold Lloyd, anali wojambula bwino pamaso, mosiyana ndi Keaton wokhala ndi nkhope yofatsa. Charlie Chaplin adawonetsa machitidwe osavuta komanso mawonekedwe a nkhope, limodzi ndi miseche yoseketsa.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema "Lord Dragon"
Chithunzi chomaliza kuchokera pa kanema "Project A: Gawo 2"
Maphunziro a Jackie ku Chinese Pen School adamulola kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nthabwala zamakanema ndi zithunzi zake zamakanema, komanso luso lake lankhondo. Anatha kuphatikiza zogwirizana ndi zisudzo komanso zida zankhondo. Mawonekedwe ake adapangidwa pang'onopang'ono, pakupita kwa zaka zambiri, poyeserera ndi kulakwitsa, pomwe Jackie adagwiritsa ntchito ndikupanga njira za cinema yokhala chete. Panthawiyo, Hollywood inali kubetcha pa makanema ojambula okhudza anyamata ovuta, ndipo ku Hong Kong amawombera mafilimu amtundu wa w-xa komanso mafilimu onena za kung fu, ojambula mafilimu, makamaka omwe amapanga ma blockbusters apamwamba, anali ofunitsitsa kwambiri pazinthu zapadera, zomwe zimachepetsa kufunika kwa ochita sewero kuti awonetse zomwe akuchita talente. Zochita za a Jackie Chan zidatsutsana ndi zomwe zinali zikuluzikulu panthawiyo, anali ndi mwayi wowonekera panthawi yoyenera. Zolankhula zamthupi, mawonekedwe a nkhope komanso mawonekedwe a makanema opanda phokoso ndizomveka kwa olankhula zilankhulo zonse, chifukwa chake makanema a Jackie Chan adapeza kuyankha kuchokera kwa owonera padziko lonse lapansi.
Mwa ochita filimu yakachete, a Jackie Chanu Buster Keaton ali pafupi kwambiri. Izi ndizowona makamaka pamachitidwe ake osunthira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopukutira ndi mapulogalamu, zomwe zimabweretsa zotsatira zosayembekezereka. Izi zimawonekera kwambiri m'mafilimu oyambira a Jackie Chan. Buster Keaton ndi Jackie adapanga zithunzi zambiri pazithunzi, zomwe poyamba sizovuta kufananiza, koma kwenikweni ndizofanana. Maonekedwe a Keaton, monga a Jackie Chan, ndikuti mawonekedwe ake ndi anthu wamba, ndipo nkhope yake imakhala yokhazikika komanso yopanda malire, malingaliro ndi malingaliro onse amawonetsedwa m'maso okha. M'modzi mwa olemba mbiri ya kanema amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a Keaton motere: "Zochita bwino komanso zofunikira, kuthekera kosalekeza kosasintha. Zikuwoneka kuti akuchita zanzeru, Keaton satha mphamvu kuposa kupumula, ngakhale zanzeru zomwe sizingafanane ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito zimawoneka ngati chinyengo.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema "Project A: Gawo 2"
Jackie Chan ndi Buster Keaton, iliyonse nthawi imodzi, adadziwika kwambiri chifukwa cha mayendedwe awo, omwe ali ofanana kwambiri mwazinthu zazing'ono kwambiri. Mu kanema "Wiki Imodzi" (1920) pamakhala chithunzi chamunthu wopanga zinthu: khoma la nyumbayo limagwera ngwaziyo, ndipo ikamuphimba, ngwazi imapezeka pakhomo. Jackie Chan mu kanema "The chinjoka chinjoka" (1982) akujambula nkhani iyi: amalimbana ndi anyamata awiri kukachisi, mayimidwewo amamugwera, koma ngwaziyo imapeza pakati pazizindikiro. Mu filimu "Steamboat Bill" (1928), Buster Keaton amagwiritsanso ntchito njirayi, yofanana ndi yomwe Jackie pambuyo pake (mu 1987) amagwiritsanso ntchito kwambiri mu filimu "Pro A: Gawo 2". Mu gawo lina la "Steamboat Bill" yemweyo, kamphepo yamkuntho imawomba kotero kuti ngwazi ya Buster Keaton imapita pafupifupi pansi. Jackie anaphatikizanso mphindi yofananira ndiwonetsero wa nkhondo yomaliza mu filimu "Armor of God 2: Operation Condor" (1991).
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema "Armor of God 2: Operation Condor"
Ngakhale kuti maonekedwe a Jackie Chan ndi a Buster Keaton ndi ofanana, mawonekedwe a Jackie amatha kukhala pafupi ndi Harold Lloyd. Amawoneka ngati wabwinobwino, osati maloto ngati ake pamaso pa Keaton. Makanema a Lloyd amakhalanso ndi miseche yoopsa, koma pano omvera akuwona kale momwe akumapwetekera, chifukwa sakuwawonetsa zachinyengo, akuwonetsa zowopsa. Jackie Chan, akutenga zochenjera kuchokera pamiseru ya osewera onse awiriwo, pamawonekedwe a nkhope, akuyesera kutenga chitsanzo kuchokera kwa Harold Lloyd.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema Project A
Zochitika pa wotchi ya kanema mu Projekiti A ndikuwonetsa mwachindunji ku kanema wa Lloyd "Chitetezo ndichochepa kwambiri!" (1923), ndipo mu Jackie's Shanghai Knights (2003), kulumikizaku kumawonekera kwambiri. Olemba mbiri yaku kanema akufanizira momwe Keaton ndi Lloyd amakhudzidwira: "Aterter Keaton ayenera kukhala ngwazi ndi kuchita misala yake, chifukwa ndi ntchito yake, sangathe kuzemba. Ndipo nthawi zonse Harold Lloyd amadziona kuti ali ndi vuto. ” Kumayambiriro kwa mafilimuwa, otchulidwa a Lloyd ndi anyamata wamba omwe ali ndi zikhumbo zosavuta, koma zochitika zimawakakamiza kuti adzikweze okha. M'mafilimu a a Jackie Chan, zikhalidwe ndizofanana: otchulidwa ake ndi anthu wamba ogwira ntchito omwe amakhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino, koma pamene chiwembucho chikukula, zochitika zimawatsogolera kupitilira njira yosawonekera. M'maseweredwe oseketsa a Jackie, osagwirizana ndi chiwembu chachikulu, momwe a Charlie Chaplin nthawi zina amapezekerera. Makanema a Chaplin cholinga chake ndi kuwulula zamkati za chikhalidwe cha anthu, kuwonetsa ins and kunja kwa ndale za nthawi imeneyo. Jackie samakweza kwambiri mitu imeneyi, koma amakhala ndi lingaliro la phokoso muzinthu zosavuta zomwe Charlie Chaplin akuwonetsa. Mwachitsanzo, zomwe zidachitika mu "Nkhani ya Apolisi" (1985), pomwe Jackie akuyesera kuyankhulira pa nthawi yomweyo pama foni angapo, ndikulandidwa kwa a Charlie Chaplin. Ndipo mu kanema wake wina woyamba wa Opanda Mantha (1979), a Jackie amawonekera papepala lamasewera ndi chipewa chofewa ndi masharubu abodza ndikumenya mdaniyo ndi ndodo yayifupi yayifupi. Mu kanema "Shanghai Knights", a Jackie amalimbana ndi anthu ochita kuyenda pamsewu akugwiritsa ntchito ambulera ngati chida (akutsatira a Charlie Chaplin ndi nzimbe) komanso nthawi yomweyo akutsatira wovina waku Hollywood a Fred Astaire.
Zithunzi kuchokera pa kanema Project A
Kutulutsidwa kwa mafilimu "Zachidziwikire ku Shinjuku" (2009) ndi "The Big Soldier" (2010), makanema a Jackie adasintha mtundu wawo, kutsimikizika kwakukulu kunayamba pa zolemba, ndipo zochitika zotsutsana ndi mafilimu opanda phokoso zinayamba kutha. Makamaka kusintha kumeneku kunakhudza makanema otsatila "Kuwonongeka kwa Mphamvu Yotsiriza", "Mbiri Yapolisi 2013" ndi "Dragon Blade".
Kutanthauzira kwa Anna Trunova kwa gulu lalikulu la a Jackie Chan ku VK
Komwe kuli stunt wotchuka wochokera ku Armor of God (1986): nthawi zamakono
Mlatho wowirawu uli ku Zagreb, Croatia.
Kwa zaka 30, palibe chomwe zasintha
Zikuwoneka kuti anthu osachita mantha a ku Hong Kong amayenera kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ovuta kwambiri
Zochititsa chidwi: "Zida za Mulungu 2"
Kanema wapaulendo "Armor of God 2: Operor Condor" wa zochita / zamtokoma ndi kupitiriza kwa filimu ya zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi chiwiri, "Armor of God." Adalandira dzina lotere ku Russia kokha, nthawi yobwereketsa ku USA, filimuyi inkatchedwa Operation Condor, ndipo m'malo ena okha ndi Ophunzira Condor: Armor of God 2. Komanso, ku bokosi la bokosi ku America panali chisokonezo m'mazina pomwe gawo loyamba limatchedwa lachiwiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti gawo loyambalo lidatulutsidwa kanthawi pang'ono kuposa kupitilirabe. Jackie Chan mwiniwake adakhala wotsogolera, wolemba, komanso wodziwika. Ma studio omwe amatulutsa ndi a Paragon Films ndi a Harvest Harvest.
Monga momwe Jackie Chan adanenera mu autobiography yake, malingaliro opanga sequel ku Armor adabwera kwa iye pambuyo pa kulephera kwa filimu yake ina, Miracle. Ndalama zambiri zidakhazikitsidwa pachinthunzithunzi cha nthawi imeneyo ku studio za ku Hong Kong - pafupifupi madola mamiliyoni asanu ndi anayi, ndipo, ngakhale anali ndi ndemanga zabwino kuchokera kwa otsutsa, zidalephera kwathunthu kuofesi yamabokosi. Apa ndipamene Jackie Chan adaganiza kuti abwezeretse ndalama zomwe zidawonongeka mufilimuyi ndikuchotsa kupitiliza kwa "Armor of God." Bajetiyi idali yolingana ndi gawo loyamba - madola zana limodzi mphambu khumi ndi khumi ndi asanu ku Hong Kong (madola fifitini miliyoni US).
Kuwombera kwakukulu kwa kanema "Armor of God 2: Operation Condor" kunachitika ku Madrid, Morocco ndi Spain. Pomwe chithunzi cha protagonist pamtengo wopendekera chimatengedwa kupita kuphiri lomwe akufuna atawombera pachilumba cha Philippines, pafupi ndi Nyanja ya Taal. Ndipo chochitika poyesa kuba miyala yayikulu kuchokera m'mapanga ndikupitikitsanso kuchokera kuphiri - kumapiri a Macolod, pafupi ndi dera la Philippines la Cuenca.
Kujambula kunatenga miyezi yopitilira isanu ndi itatu, pomwe theka lake linathera kuwombera kopita komaliza mumphepo yamkuntho. Chithunzichi chilibe fanizo m'mbiri yonse ya sinema, kotero nthawi yomwe imagwiritsidwapo ntchito imalipira makamaka chifukwa cha mfundo iyi yokha. Pojambula filimu yomweyo, wochita masewerowo adavulazidwa kwambiri, koopsa kwambiri nthawi yonse yojambulira (ndipo panali ena ambiri).
Monga momwe anakonzera, mawonekedwe a Jackie amayenera kugwera papulatifomu, koma mwadzidzidzi adagwa pansi, osatha kukhalabe wolimba. Poyamba, wochita seweroli Wachinayi adakoka phazi lake pamtengo wachitsulo utapendekera pafupi naye. Izi zidapangitsa kuti m'chigwacho mulumikizane koloweka. Vutolo silinathe pamenepo, ndipo Jackie anagwera pansi pansi ndi konkire. Zotsatira zake ndi nthiti zochepa zosweka. Malinga ndi mwambo wautali wamakanema a Jackie Chan, pafupifupi kuwombera konse kosavomerezeka kunaphatikizidwa pamavuto. Palinso chochitika china chomwe chinagwa ndi nsanja.
Udindo wotsogola - "Asia Hawk", anali, a Jackie Chan.
Khalidwe la a jackie omwe amakonda nawo filimuyi - Ada ndi Elsa, omwe adaseweredwa ndi Carol Chen ndi Eva Kobo, adabweretsa chithunzicho m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso nthawi zambiri zoseketsa zawo. Koma, kwenikweni, adangosewera ngati chophimba, chomwe nthawi ndi nthawi chimasokoneza wowonera kuti asatope ndi zinthu zosasinthika za Hawk yaku Asia. Ngakhale atsikanayo ali ndi maudindo angapo ama kanema, sakudziwa kwenikweni omvera aku Europe kapena America.
Wotsutsa filimuyi, yomwe, komaliza, womaliza, anali Adolf, yemwe wosewera waku Spain adawona Aldo Sambrel. Mafani amtundu wa kanema ngati Western amadziwa kuti Aldo adasewera m'mafilimu monga "A Foll Dollars More," "Zabwino, Zoipa, Zoipa," "Fistful of Dollars," ambiri, oyimira masukulu apamwamba a Western.
Chiwembu chojambulidwa kuti “Armor of God 2: Operation Condor” chidatengera nkhani yoti nkhondo itatha, a Nazi adatenga golidi aliyense amene adabedwa kwa zaka zingapo ndikubisala mobisalira m'chipululu cha Sahara. Woyang'anira m'modzi yekha ndi khumi ndi asanu oyandikana nawo ake amadziwa malowa, zikwangwani, ndipo anali ndi kiyi yogulitsa. Pali gawo losangalatsa lazambiri zankhaniyi, zopatsa chidwi ndi omwe amapanga "chifukwa cha chidwi".
Panali zidziwitso kuti kuchuluka kwakukulu kwa magolide agulu lachitatu la Reich kunazimiririka osakungotsata ndipo akusungidwa pamalo amodzi abwinobwino a Hitler.
Zosangalatsa zokhudza filimuyo Armor of God / Armor of God / 1986
Kanemayo adawonekera paziwonetsero mu 1986 ndikupambana ambiri. Tepi iyi idasankhidwa kukhala Best Performance of War Scenes pa 1988 Hong Kong Film Festival. Kanemayu amadziwika kwa ambiri pazomwe zidachitika pojambula filimu ndi Jackie. Kugwa kuchokera kutalika, adavulala kwambiri. Koma wosewera uyu sanayime ndipo anapitiliza kudziyimira pawokha machenjerero onse okhala mufilimuyi. Kukhudzidwa, kuthamanga, kuchitapo kanthu, kuseka - izi zonse zili mumakanema apamwamba kwambiri omwe sasiya aliyense kuti akhale wopanda chidwi.
Jackie Chan adavulala koopsa m'moyo wake pa kanema wa "Armor of God." Nthawi ina, Jackie adumpha kuchokera kukhoma kupita pamtengo. Fusali lidachokera koyambira koyamba, komabe, adaganiza zowomberanso nkhaniyi. Nthawi yonseyi, nthambi yomwe inali pamtengowo idasweka ndipo a Jackie Chan adagwa pansi kuchokera pamtunda wamamita asanu, atamenya mutu wake pamwala. Wosewera adavulala kwambiri - chidutswa cha fupa la chigaza chidalowa mu ubongo.
Pambuyo pakuvulala kumeneku, a Jackie Chan anali kuchira mwezi wathunthu akuyenda kuzungulira Europe. Wopanga maofesi a Raymond Chow adamuwalangiza kuti akulitse tsitsi lake kuti omvera asawone bala. Wosewera adachitadi zomwezo - izi zikufotokozera kuti kumayambiriro kwa filimuyi, a Jackie Chan ali ndi tsitsi lalifupi, kenako tsitsi lalitali. Pambuyo pakuvulala, a Jackie Chan amakhala ovuta kumva m'khutu limodzi.
Mu gawo lomwe Jackie amapulumutsa abwenzi ake kudzenje, Laura amalankhula naye dzina la "Kunsan," ndipo patapita nthawi, "Chan Kunsan." Kwenikweni, Kunsan ndi mwana wakhanda dzina la Jackie Chan adamupatsa atabadwa. Mu kanema waku America waku kanema, "Kunsan" adasinthidwa kukhala "woweta ng'ombe."
Pamapeto pa kanemayo, zikuwoneka kuti a Jackie adatsamira pa baluni ataimirira pansi (balloyo siyimasuntha ndipo korona wamtengowo akuwonekera bwino pachimangacho). Izi zikutanthauza kuti chinyengo chodumphadumpha kuchokera pagombe kupita pa baluni chimakhala ndi magawo atatu okwera - kulumpha kwa parachute kuchokera pa helikopita (pakugwa kwaulephera kwa Jackie zitha kuoneka kuti kutalika kwake ndi 1 km), ikutsika pa ballo kuyima pansi, ndikutsika pa Jackie pa balloon ndikumatsitsa. kupita kudengu.
Panthawi yojambulidwa momwe Jackie amalimbana ndi atsikana anayi, iye nthawi zina adasinthana ndi oponderezedwa pagulu lake.
Kuwomberaku kunachitika ku Socialist Federal Republic ya Yugoslavia ndikuchita nawo ojambula mafilimu a Yugoslavia.
Munthawi yakulandidwa kwa wokondedwa wake Jackie kuchokera pachionetsero cha mafashoni, achifwamba amawombera wojambulayo, mumodzi mwa zawotchera zikuwonekeratu kuti akugwiritsa ntchito kamera yaku Soviet yotulutsa ZENIT.
Bajeti ya chithunzichi inali pafupifupi $ 15 miliyoni, zomwe ndizabwino kwambiri ku Hong Kong sinema ya nthawi imeneyo.
Zithunzi kuchokera pamaseti, zochititsa chidwi pazanema wa Armor of God 1986
Utoto “Zida za Mulungu” unatulutsidwa padziko lonse pa Ogasiti 16, 1986. Ntchitoyi idapangidwa ndi kutengapo mbali kwa ojambula makanema aku Yugoslavia. Munali ku Republic of Yugoslavia komwe ambiri ojambula pazithunzi zakuthamangitsa, kukwera ndikuchezera kuphanga la amonke kunachitika. Kuti apange kanemayo, ndendende ndalama zokwana $ 15 miliyoni zinagawidwa, zomwe malinga ndi nthawi ya kanema ku Hong Kong ndi Yugoslavia inali ndalama yayikulu kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kodabwitsa kwa ndalama zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa pakupanga tepi, "Armor of God" inali yodziwika bwino kwambiri. Zowonadi ndi zakuti munthu wodwala Jackie Chan panthawi yowombera chithunzi chimodzi akhoza kufa, atalandira kuvulala kwakukulu. Pa Seputembara 7, 1985, akugwira ntchito yomwe ochita sewerayo adadumpha kuchoka pakhoma lakuthwa kupita pamtengo woyimirira pafupi, wochita masewerowo adavulala kwambiri pamutu - nthambi idagwa pamtengo, pomwe a Jackie Chan adayesetsa kuyigwira. Maphunzirowa adayenda bwino, koma kachiwiri, Chan sanathe kubwereza kudumpha. Adagwa kuchokera pamtunda wokwera mamitala asanu pamwala, ndikukhomerera mutu wake kuchokera pamenepo: chidutswa cha fupa lakuthwa lidalowa mwachindunji mu ubongo wake, ndikupangitsa kuti kukha magazi. A Jackie Chan adagonekedwa pachipatala cha Paris, pomwe, chifukwa cha opaleshoni yoyambira yoyamba, gawo lowonongeka la chigaza lidasinthidwa ndi malo apadera. Zotsatira zavulalitsazo zinali zovuta kumva kwa wochita seweroli: Chan amamva zovuta kumva ndi khutu lakumanja. Zojambulajambula sizinayimitsidwe kwa mwezi umodzi - nthawi yonseyo, Jackie Chan anali atachira chifukwa cha kuvulala.
Pambuyo kanthawi, Chan adabweranso pagululo ndipo ntchito kujambulaku idapitilizabe, koma zotsatira za kugwa zidawoneka bwino mu chimango: bala lalikulu komanso looneka lidatsalira pamutu wa wosewerayo. Wopanga Raymond Chow pamalatawa adalimbikitsa Chan kukula tsitsi lomwe limatha kubisa zilembo. Ndi chifukwa chake kuti kutalika kwa tsitsi la wopanga seweroli kufotokozedwa: m'ndime yoyamba kugwidwa ndi lupanga, a Jackie Chan akuwonekera mchimodzimodzi ndi tsitsi lalifupi, koma kale pazithunzi zopulumuka ku linga ndi kupezanso kwatsopano atha kusintha malo ndi tsitsi lalitali. Wodziwikiratu yekha akuti kuvulala kumeneku kunali kovuta kwambiri pantchito yake yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ngakhale "mbiri yake" ili ndi kuvulala pafupifupi 200, komwe opitilira 20 ndiolakwika, mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa mutu, msana, mafupa a nkhope, nthiti osati kokha . Zotsatira zake, ochita sewerawo amakhala woyamba pamndandanda wakuda wa makampani a inshuwaransi.
Kuphatikiza pazovuta za filimuyi, a Jackie Chan adagwiritsa ntchito njira za Mitsubishi Motors zogwiritsira ntchito: Chan amayendetsa mtundu wosinthidwa wa Mitsubishi Colt - Colt Spider, yomwe idasonkhana kochepa. Pazonse, mitundu iwiri ya Spider idapangidwira kanemayo, imodzi yomwe idawombedwa bwino, ndipo yachiwiri idatumizidwa kumalo osungirako zinthu zakale. Komanso pa Mitsubishi Pajero SUV anali anthu amathamangitsa Chan. Mitsubishi Motors Corporation imagwira ntchito limodzi ndi a Jackie Chan ndipo nthawi zonse imapereka magalimoto ake kuti azijambula. M'magwiridwe aposachedwa a Chan, wowonera adzawonanso chiwonetsero chazopanga zamakampani mu magalimoto agalimoto, ngakhale pofika chaka cha 2005 mgwirizano wotsatsa malonda watha, koma wosewera adakhalabe wokhulupirika kwa wopanga magalimotoyi ndipo ali ndi gulu losangalatsa la magalimoto amtunduwu mu chombo chake. Kuphatikiza pa magalimoto, kamera yodziwika bwino ya Soviet ZENIT, yomwe panthawiyo inali yogwira mwachangu msika waku Europe wazida zogwiritsira ntchito zithunzi, idayatsidwa mu tepiyo.
Gulu la aunt la a Jackie Chan lidatengapo gawo pa tepi iyi, yomwe idasinthira ochita zisudzo m'malo ena omenyera nkhondo. Chifukwa chake, mu gawo la nkhondo pakati pa atsikana ochokera kwa Jackie, oyimilira achikazi adaseweredwa ndi oponderezedwa ndi gulu lake. Ngati mukuyang'anitsitsa, "kusinthika" kwa munthu kukhala mtsikana kumadziwika bwino.
Mu "Armor of God" Jackie Chan akuyamba kupanga chithunzi chake chaumisiri wosavuta komanso wankhondo, akuyendetsa zolumikizana pakati pamakwerero. Pazonse zomwe adagwirapo ntchito, sasintha mfundo zake ndipo nthawi zonse amasewera anyamata abwino, ngakhale nthawi zambiri ankapatsidwa masewera olakwika, koma chifukwa choopa zonama komanso kuwonongeka kwa chithunzi chake, nthawi zonse amakana zotere. Mu tepi iyi, Chan adadziwika chifukwa cha masewera ake osangalatsa komanso osangalatsa. Openyerera ambiri angakonde kuseka kochokera pansi pamtima komanso kuwonetsa chidwi. Udindo wa "Hawk waku Asia" ndiwosangalatsa komanso wopanga ma sinema amakono: anthu ochepa adatha kupanga kanema wopatsa chidwi komanso wosangalatsa ndi nthabwala zosangalatsa.
Zokhudza bala
Chithunzichi chidachotsedwa pa kanema. Zida za Mulungu (1986) ndi Jackie Chan. Ambiri mwina akudziwa kugwa koyipa kwa wochita sewero kuchokera pamtengo, womwe umatsala pang'ono kufa. Zithunzi za a Jackie atachitidwa opaleshoni, chilonda chake chimakhala chodzala ndi tsitsi
Inde, ambiri adawona kale kugwa, kumene.
Wokondedwa wathu, Jackie.
Jackie Chan amachita zinthu zoopsa ndipo m'malo ena Jackie adatsala pang'ono kumwalira, komabe a Jackie Chan amachita zinthu zonse zabwino popanda mabisiketi. Kwa Jackie Chan, maulendo awiri osagonjetseka nthawi zina amathera pamitundu yonse yamatenda ndikuvulala, koma Chan akupitiliza kuyika moyo wake pachiwopsezo chifukwa cha wina wopenga wowopsa kapena malo omenyera bwino. Zowonadi, chifukwa cha izi, aliyense amakonda makanema a Jackie Chan.
"Zida za Mulungu". Kupitiliza nkhaniyo ndi dzina lodziwika
A Vadim Vereshchagin, mkulu wotsogola mafilimu pakampani ya Part Parthiphipu ya Central Partnerhip, adatinso zomwe amawauza: Izi zidachitika mu filimu ya "Armor of God: Search of Treasure". Monga momwe tikudziwira, dzina lakhomalo linavomerezedwa ndi eni malowa, ndipo sizinachititse mikangano. Ndikufunanso kudziwa kuti pazinthu zilizonse sitimayesa kupusitsa wowonera ndipo sitinena kuti uku ndikupititsa patsogolo chilolezo chotchuka. "
Omwe akuchita nawo msika akudziwa bwino kuti ntchitoyi kale idali mu phukusi la Kapella Filipo, choncho tidapempha ndemanga pa nkhaniyi kwa Director for Procurement and Rental of the Nadezhda Motina:
"Nthawi zambiri mayina aku Russia amapangitsa kuti azikambirana. Nthawi zina dzina loyambirira limakhala losavuta kumasulira mawu. Mwachitsanzo, ndinatulutsa chithunzi cha Populaire. Uwu ndi nthabwala yachikondi yaku France, yomwe idapangidwa ku Russia pansi pa dzina loti "Chikondi pamanja". Woyang'anira kanemayo anasangalala ndikuthokoza chifukwa chakusinthaku. Kapena chithunzi china, chomwe poyambirira chimatchedwa "Masiketi a Atsikana" (Sous les jupes des filles). Kodi mungaganizire kanema wokhala ndi mutuwo ku ofesi yama bokosi? Titha kulandira magawo 18+ komanso magawo ausiku kwathunthu. Ndi dzina "Beauties ku Paris" chithunzicho chidapeza wowonera. Anasonkhanitsa ma ruble okwana 271,000 pachikuto chilichonse.
Aliyense adalemba kale za The Hangover, yomwe idakhala Vegas Hangover. Ndipo pali zitsanzo zambiri zotere. Msika uliwonse ndi wapadera. Chifukwa chake, pamsika uliwonse, momwe zimayimira ndi zida zake zotsatsa ndizovomerezeka. Nthawi zina kwa zikwangwani za Russia zimapangidwa zomwe sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maiko ena ndi mayina omwe ali osiyana ndi omwe anali oyamba.
Pepani kuti mafani a Jackie Chan adakhumudwa ndi dzina la "Armor of God: In Search of Treasure". Ndikufuna kukumbutsani kuti mu 2013 kanema wa "Armor of God 3: The Zodiac Mission" adatulutsidwa. Mutu woyambirira wa filimuyi anali "Chinese Zodiac," ndipo palibe amene anachita manyazi ndi kusowa kwa mawu akuti Armor of God pamutuwu. A Jackie Chan adapereka chithunzichi kwa mafani aku Moscow, ndipo adalibe mafunso zokhudzana ndi chilolezocho.
Mu kanema "Armor of God: Search of Treasure" (mu "Gong fu yu jia"), a Jackie Chan atakula, adasiya kusaka chuma ndikukhala pulofesa wofukula za m'mabwinja, yemwe amathandizira kubwezeretsa zikhalidwe. Kanemayo, kalembedwe, mitundu, zidule, nthabwala, akupitiliza mwambo wa "Armor of God". Ilinso ndi chikhalidwe - mwana wa mnzake wa Jackie Chan - Hawk wokhalayo. Jackie Chan akukonzekera kupereka chithunzi ku Moscow kumapeto kwa Epulo, koma zochitika m'moyo wake zomwe zidasokoneza mapulani ake.
Makonda a chikhulupiliro cha Jackie Chan ayenera koyamba kuwonera kanema mu kanema wa kanema (potulutsa zenera lalikulu) ndikuonetsetsa kuti akupitiliza miyambo ya "Armor of God".
Ndatulutsa utoto "The New Testament" (chipangano cha Le tout nouveau). "Makalata adabwera ku Unduna wa Zachikhalidwe kuchokera kwa anthu omwe sanawonerere kanemayo. Koma adanyoza malingaliro awo achipembedzo, ndipo amafuna kuti aletse kubwereketsa komanso kuyambitsa milandu yopezeka mlandu."
(Accipiter griseiceps)
Amakhala pachilumba cha Sulawesi ku Indonesia, komwe amakhala kumapiri otentha komanso ozizira.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 28-8cm, kutalika kwa amuna ndi pafupifupi 212 g, ndipo kwa akazi ndi 299 g. Mapiko ake ndi 51-65 cm.
Amadyetsa abuluzi, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, mbalame zazing'ono ndi zinyama, ingoda imagwira nkhuku.
(Wothirira toussenelii)
Yogawidwa m'mbali mwa Congo Basin komanso kumadzulo kwa Senegal, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau ndi Sierra Leone, imapezekanso pachilumba cha Bioko. Amakhala m'nkhalango zotentha, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi mitsinje, madambo kapena pakati pa mitengo yamangati, nthawi zina amakhala m'mapaki ndi minda yayikulu.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 36-48 cm, mapiko ndi 55-80 cm, kulemera kwa amuna ndi 150-200 g, akazi ndi 270-6565 g. Thupi lakumaso ndi imvi, bere ndi m'mimba zimakhala zofiira, mchira wake ndi wakuda, uli ndi 2 -3 mikwingwirima yoyera. Mchenga, sera ndi miyendo ndi wachikasu kapena wachikasu.
Zakudyazo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi achule komanso nkhanu zamadzi amchere, komanso zimadya tizilombo tambiri, abuluzi, zonyansa, mbalame zazing'ono ndi zinyama. Imasaka masana. Wovutitsidwayo amadikirira abisalira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala korona wa mtengo womwe umakhala pafupi ndi nkhalango kapena malo osungirako nyama. Nthawi zambiri imawuluka kuchokera pamtengo kupita kumtengo kufunafuna chakudya.
Nyengo yoswana imayamba mu Julayi - Ogasiti ndipo imatha muFebruary. Goshawk wokhala ndi chifuwa chofiira amangapo chisa chake pamtengo wamtali wamtali wamtali 6 mpaka 20, umabisidwa bwino ndi masamba. Chisa, chomwe chimakhala cham'mimba pafupifupi 40 cm ndi kuya kwa 15-45 masentimita, chimamangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi zowuma, thireyi imakhala ndi masamba obiriwira. Yaikazi imayikira mazira 2-3, omwe amadzitsekera kwa masabata 4-5. Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Chingwe dzimbiri kumabadwa patatha masiku 32 mpaka 36.
(Wothirira tachiro)
Kugawidwa ku Africa kuchokera ku South Africa kupita kumpoto mpaka kumwera kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo kenako kummawa mpaka ku Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, amakhalanso kuzilumba za Zanzibar, Mafia ndi Pemba. Pamakhala nkhalango ndi madambo osiyanasiyana kumapeto ndi kumapiri. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nkhalango zowonera, mapaki, minda ndi minda.
Ndi kambuku wamtundu wapakati wokhala ndi mapiko akuluakulu ndi mchira wautali. Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 36-39 masentimita, kulemera kwa akazi mu akazi ndi 270-510 g, mwa amuna ndi a 150-40.G Thupi lakumwambalo ndi imvi, lakuda mumphongo, m'munsi ndi loyera ndi mikwingwirima, mchira wake ndi woderapo kapena imvi mikwingwirima ingapo. Mlomo wake ndi wakuda, sera ndi wakuda, wachikaso, maaso amaso ndi ma thunzi achikasu.
Zakudyazo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mbalame, monga ma turuchas kapena nyanga, komanso zimadyera nyama zazikazi ndi abuluzi. Pothamangitsa ndende, ndikuwona wopondayo akutsika pansi mwachangu.
Goshawk wa ku Africa amamangapo chisa panthambi ya mitengo pakati pa masamba, nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito zisa monga nsanja ya chisa chake, komanso amakhala ndi timpheta tating'ono ta ku Africa. Yaikazi imayikira mazira mu Julayi - Disembala; nsapato zazikuluzikulu zimachitika mu Seputembala - Novembala. Mu clutch nthawi zambiri mazira 1-2. Yaikazi imagwira pafupifupi masiku 35-37, yamphongo imamubweretsera chakudya nthawi imeneyi. Zipsepse zimbudzi kwa masiku 30- 35, koma kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi zimakhala pafupi ndi chisa.
(Accipiter soloensis)
Malo osungira ali kum'mawa kwa China, mpaka kumadzulo mpaka ku Sichuan, ndi kumwera mpaka ku Guangxi, Guangdong ndi Taiwan. Kumpoto, gawo lakutali limafotokoza malire a China, Peninsula ya Korea komanso kumwera kwenikweni kwa Primorsky Krai wa Russia. Nyengo ku Indonesia ndi Philippines, zimasamukira kudera lina lalikulu la Southeast Asia. Pamakhala nkhalango ndi madambo osiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri pafupi ndi madzi.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 25-25 cm, mapiko ndi 52 cm, kutalika kwa amuna ndi 140 g, unyinji wa akazi ndi 204 g. Ndiwofanana kwambiri ndi wamwamuna wa ochepa sparrowhawk, koma mawonekedwe osunthika mbali yakumunsi ya thupi mwa akulu samakhalapo, zala zazifupi. Anthu akuluakulu amasiyanitsidwa ndi nsonga zakuda zooneka bwino zamapiko. Wamphongo ndi imvi pamutu, wotuwa pansipa, iris ndi wofiyira. Yaikazi imakhala ndi chifuwa chofiira ndikubisala ma underwings ndi maso achikaso. Achinyamata ali ndi gawo laimvi kumutu, thupi lofiirira komanso maso achikasu, ngati achikazi. Pamwamba thupi ndi mikwingwirima, ndipo m'chiuno mumakhala mikwingwirima yopingasa. Malangizo akuda a mapiko sadziwika.
Amadyetsa makamaka achule, makamaka munthawi yopanda chakudya, koma amatha kugwira abuluzi ndi tizilombo tambiri: dzombe, chinjoka ndi kafadala.
Zomera m'mitengo, nthawi zambiri kwinakwake pafupi ndi m'mbali mwa dziwe kapena dziwe. Chidacho ndi nsanja ya nthambi zoyikika pa foloko kapena panthambi ya mtengo. Mu clutch mazira 2-5.
(Accipiter francesiae)
Ku Madagas hawk poyamba anali wokhalamo nkhalango ku Madagascar. Komabe, adatha kuzolowera kusintha kwa malo anthropogenic mu malo okhala ndipo masiku ano amakhalanso nkhalango zowonongeka komanso zachiwiri, nkhalango zamtchire, chitsamba, malo achikhalidwe ndi mitengo yosowa, mapaki, minda yayikulu, komanso minda ya cocoa, khofi, kokonati, agave aku Mexico ndi minda yazipatso. Ku Comoros, kumakhalanso chisa mu mangro. Itha kupezeka m'malo okwera kwambiri pamalo okwera pafupifupi 2000 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kutalika kwa thupi kumayambira pa 21 mpaka 29 cm, mapikowo ndi kuyambira masentimita 40 mpaka 54, mchira umayambira 10 mpaka 16 cm. Unyinji wa amuna ndi 104-140 g, zazimayi 112-185 g. Mwamuna wamtunduwu dzina lake limakhala ndi imvi yakuda kumtunda thupi ndi kuwala imvi utoto wa mutu. Mchira wa imvi umakhala ndi chingwe chakuda. Gawo lakumunsi la thupi ndi loyera ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala yofiirira kapena yofiirira pachifuwa ndi m'mbali. Pothawa, mikwingwirima pachifuwa ndi mapewa amadziwika. Mapikowo ndi oyera. Zachikazi zimakhala zofiirira pamtunda, mchirawo umakhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira yakuda, mzere wakuda woderapo komanso Mzere woonda woonda kumapeto. Pansi pake pali zoyera ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala. Maso, sera ndi miyendo zimakhala zachikaso pang'ono. Wamphongo amakhala ndi mtundu wa lalanje. Mu mbalame zazing'ono, sera ndi miyendo ndizopepuka komanso zobiriwira.
Amadya kwambiri zokwawa, makamaka, ma chameleon, komanso tizilombo tambiri, kuphatikizapo dzombe ndi kafadala. Nthawi zina amagwira amphibians, mbalame zazing'ono ndi makoswe. Mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri yamtunduwu, imasaka pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya anthu obisalira, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala ngati mizati kapena nthambi zowuma. Mabanja nthawi zina amasaka limodzi.
Ku Madagas hawk amakhala kunja nthawi yakubereketsa awiriawiri. Nyengo ya kuswana imatha mwezi wa Seputembala mpaka muFebruary. Chisa chachikulu kwambiri chimapangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi ndikuyikhazikitsa kuchokera mkati ndi masamba pamtunda wa 5-15 mamita pamwamba pa nthaka. Mu clutch kuchokera 3 mpaka 5 mazira.
(Accipiter trinotatus)
Kugawidwa ku Indonesia pachilumba cha Sulawesi. Amakhala munkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha komanso zamatanthwe.
Kutalika kwa thupilo ndi 26-31 masentimita, mapiko ndi masentimita 41-551. Thupi lakumwambalo limachita imvi ndi kuwala kwamtambo, pansi ndi loyera. Masaya ndi ofiira, mchirawo ndi wakuda, wokhala ndi mawanga oyera pamwamba.
Amadyetsa makamaka abuluzi ndi njoka, ndipo imadyanso achule, nkhono, tizilombo tambiri ndi mileme.
(Accipiter novaehollandiae)
Kugawidwa pagombe lakumpoto, kum'mawa komanso kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Australia. Imakhala makamaka m'nkhalango, imakhala pafupi ndi matupi amadzi kapena m'mphepete mwa nkhalango.
Hanki imakhala ndi mapiko afupi, ozungulira, mchira wautali komanso miyendo yayitali. Kutalika kwa thupi kuchokera pa 44 mpaka 55 cm, mapiko - 72-101 cm. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna, kutalika kwawo ndi pafupifupi 680 g, amuna ndi 350 g. Utoto ndi wa imvi kapena yoyera kwambiri. Zambiri mwa imvi pamutu, kumbuyo ndi kumtunda kwa mapiko ndizoyambira buluu mpaka imvi, kumbali yonse yoyera, kokha pachifuwa pali mikwingwirima yopyapyala. Morph yoyera ndi yoyera kwathunthu. Zosankha zonse ziwiri ndizokhala ndi lalanje-lalanje kapena maso ofiira akuda ndi miyendo yachikasu. Mbalame zazing'ono za imvi zimakhala ndi iris yofiirira, nape ya bulauni, mikwingwirima yofiyira pachifuwa ndi kumtunda kwa mchira. Mbalame zoyera za morph zitha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mbalame zachikulire ndi mtundu wawo wa bulauni.
Amadyetsa mbalame zazing'ono kapena zazing'onoting'ono, makamaka njiwa, cockatoo, mbalame zingapo zamapira ndi nkhuku. Pamodzi ndi izi, mumadyanso zazing'ono zazing'ono, njoka, abuluzi, achule, tizilombo tambiri, ndipo kawirikawiri nkhuku ndi zovunda. Menyani kumenya mwakuwuluka mothamanga mtunda wautali kuchokera kubisalira pamtunda kapena pamtengo. Akazi amamenya nyama yayikulu kuposa yaimuna.
Mbawala zazing'ono zimakhala pabanja lawo lokhalokha. Nthawi zakukula zimasiyana mwachilengedwe. Chifukwa chake kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Australia amadzala kuyambira Seputembala mpaka muFebruary, kumpoto kuyambira Meyi mpaka Disembala. Chidacho chimakhala chocheperako kutalika kwa pafupifupi 50-60 masentimita komanso kutalika kwa 35 cm. Chimamangidwa ndi chachikazi ndi chachimuna kuchokera kumitengo ndi masamba. Chisa chimakonzedwa mbali ya nthambi kapena pakati pa thunthu, makamaka pamitengo ya bulugamu, pamtunda wa 9 mpaka 35 mamita kuchokera pansi. Ntchito yomanga chisa ndi kuyambira milungu isanu ndi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi itatu, banja lingathe kuigwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Yaikazi imayikira mazira awiri mpaka anayi a oyera, amtundu wobiriwira kapena wonyezimira ndi madontho kuchokera ku ofiira mpaka ofiira. Chikazi chimagwira masonry kwa masiku 31- 34. Wamphongo amabweretsa chakudya kwa anapiye ndipo chachikazi, koma chachikazi chimadyetsa anapiye. Pafupifupi milungu itatu itabadwa anapiye ,ikazi nayonso imayamba kufunafuna chakudya. Pakatha milungu isanu ndi umodzi, mbalame zazing'ono zimadziyimira pawokha, koma zimakhala pafupi ndi makolo awo kwa masabata ena a 5-6.
(Accipiter fasciatus)
Kugawidwa ku Australia, Tasmania, Wallace, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, zilumba za Vanuatu ndi Fiji. Ku Australia, kumakhala nkhalango za eucalyptus, minda yolima, mapaki am'mizinda ndi minda, komanso nkhalango zotentha kuzilumba za Pacific Ocean.
Mbawala yofiirira ya ku Australia imakhala ndi imvi komanso khosi lachifuwa. Gawo lam'munsi la mbalameyo limakhala ndi utoto wofiira, wopindika ndi zoyera. Kutalika kwakanthawi kwamthupi kumayambira masentimita 45 mpaka 55, mapiko amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 75-95. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala akulu kuposa amuna. Kulemera kwa wamphongo wamkulu ndi pafupifupi g g, ndipo kulemera kwa mkazi ndi pafupifupi 355 g. Kuuluka mu mbalamezi kumathamanga komanso kumatha kutha.
Zakudyazo zimakhazikitsidwa ndi mbalame zazing'onoting'ono, nthawi zina zimadya makoswe, akalulu, mileme, abuluzi, achule ndi tizilombo tina tambiri. Nthawi zambiri kusaka pafupi ndi minda yaulimi, dziwe kapena marunda, komwe mbalame, monga abakha, tambala ndi njiwa, ndizambiri. Amadyanso mbalame zazing'onoting'ono: mitengo yamkati, skates ndi ma wrens, kapena zazikulu zazikulu ngati nkhuku. Imasaka nyama m'njira zambiri: imafunafuna nyama yomwe yabisalira, imawuluka pansi pa nkhalango ndikugwira mbalame zazing'ono zikuuluka, nthawi zina kuthamangitsa nyama zazing'ono pansi.
Zingwe zimamangidwa mu korona wa mitengo yayitali. Chisa ndi nsanja ya nthambi zouma yokutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira. Mu clutch nthawi zambiri 2-3 mazira. Kuchulukitsa kumatenga masiku 30, anapiye amatenga masiku 31 pambuyo pomenyera.
(Accipiter albogularis)
Kugawidwa ku Solomon Islands. Ichi ndi malo opezeka zilumba za Pacific Ocean, kum'mawa kwa New Guinea. Chimakhala m'nkhalango zotentha komanso zotentha mpaka 1800 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 33-43 cm, unyinji wa amuna ndi 170-250 g, zazikazi ndi zokulirapo - 365-450 g, mapiko ndi 60-80 cm.
Amadyanso mbalame zazing'ono, abuluzi ndi tizilombo tambiri.
(Accipiter rufitorques)
Adagawidwa mchilumba cha Fiji ku South Pacific. Pamakhala nkhalango zam'mvula, minda, minda yamaluwa ndi mapaki.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Akazi ndi okulirapo poyerekeza ndi amuna. Mutu, kumbuyo, mchira ndi kumtunda kwa mapiko ndi imvi, chifuwa ndi m'mimba ndimayera.
Zimadyanso mbalame zazikulu, nkhunda, makoswe, zirombo, ndipo nthawi zina zimagwira nsomba zam'madzi zatsopano ndi nsomba. Akuyang'ana nyama za m'mndende komanso kuthawa.
Nyengo yobereketsa imatenga mwezi wa Julayi mpaka Disembala, koma mazira ambiri amaikidwa nthawiyo kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Okutobala. Mu clutch 2-3 mazira.
(Wofikira haplochrous)
Kugawidwa kuzilumba za New Caledonia, zomwe zili kunyanja ya Pacific, kum'mawa kwa Australia. Pamakhala nkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha komanso zam'malo otentha.
Imadyera mbalame, abuluzi, ziwala, nsikidzi ndi makoswe.
(Accipiter poliocephalus)
Kugawidwa pachilumba cha New Guinea ndi zilumba zapafupi. Mumakhala mvula zam'malo otentha komanso nkhalango zamtchire.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 30-38 masentimita, mapiko ndi 56-65 masentimita, unyinji wa amuna ndi 180- 283 g, ndipo akazi ndi 225-8080 g. Thupi lakumaso ndi laimvi, lodontha pamutu ndi m'khosi, mapiko ake ndi akuda, pansi ndi loyera. Phula ndi miyendo ndi zofiirira.
(Wofikira mfumu)
Endemic Island New Britain. Ndi chilumba cha Melanesian mkati mwa Papua New Guinea. Imakhala m'malo obiriwira a mvula pamtunda wa 760-1425 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 38-45 masentimita, mapiko ndi 75-86 masentimita. Mkazi ndi wamkulu kuposa wamwamuna.
(Accipiter melanoleucus)
Kufalikira mmaiko ambiri kum'mwera kwa Sahara ku Africa. Pamakhala nkhalango zambiri zokhala ndi mitengo yayitali kuti ikhale yabwino.Nkhalango zachiwiri komanso malo abata okhala malo abwino kwambiri okhala. Madera oyesedwa amapewedwa. Imakhala pamalo okwera mpaka 3700 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Ndiwowimira wamkulu wa genus Accipiter ku Africa. Kutalika konse kwa thupi kumafika mpaka 40-58 masentimita, ndi mapiko a masentimita 77-55. Akazi ndi akulu kuposa amuna, kutalika kwawo ndi 650-980 g, ndipo unyinji wa amuna ndi 430-490 g. ndipo m'mimba, komabe, ma morphs akuda nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi mawanga oyera angapo osiyana siyana pachifuwa ndi pakhosi. Mchirawo umakhala ndi mikwingwirima 3-4 yopyapyala, miyendo imakhala yachikasu yokhala ndi zikhadabo zazitali, ma iris amaso amachokera ku bulawuni wowala mpaka ubweya wakuda. Mbalame zazing'ono zimapakidwa toni zofiirira ndi mikwingwirima yakuda.
Chakudyachi chimachokera ku mbalame zazing'onoting'ono kuyambira 80 mpaka 300 g, zomwe sizimagwiritsa ntchito zazing'ono zazing'ono: mileme, makoswe, mongooses achinyamata. Nthawi zambiri, iye amafunafuna wobisalira mnzakeyo, wobisalira masamba amtengo, kuti angamuthamangire mwachangu, nthawi zina amawathamangitsa kapena ngakhale kuyenda pansi.
Mbawala zakuda ndi zoyera ndi mbalame zodontha. Nyengo yobereketsa imatenga mu Meyi mpaka Novembala, ngakhale ku zambia izi zimabereka kuyambira Julayi mpaka February, komanso ku East Africa pafupifupi chaka chonse. Chidacho chili pamtengo wamtali kutalika kwa mamita 7 mpaka 36. Muli timitengo ting'onoting'ono ndipo, monga lamulo, timakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira a bulugamu, singano, camphor ndi zina zamankhwala onunkhira, zomwe, mwachiwonekere, zimachotsa majeremusi osiyanasiyana. Kutalika kwa chisa ndi 50-70 masentimita, kuya ndi 30-75 masentimita. Makolo onse awiri amatenga nawo mbali pomanga. Sokosi imodzi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka zambiri mzere. Yaikaziyo imayikira mazira awiri ndi atatu ndikuligwira kwa masiku 34- 38. Nthawi yonseyi, yamphongo imanyamula chakudya. Anapiyewo amadzuma pambuyo pa masiku 37-50, komabe amakhalabe ndi makolo awo kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
(Accipiter henstii)
Matenda a chilumba cha Madagascar. Amakhala m'nkhalango zoyambirira za kum'mawa kwa chilumbachi komanso nkhalango zowuma zakumadzulo. Imachitika pamtunda wa 1800 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Imeneyi ndi mbalame yayikulu yakudya, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 52-6. Utoto wowoneka bwino ndi wonyezimira, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zimakhala zowongoka ndi mikwingwirima yopyapyala yoyera komanso yofiirira. Chochititsa chidwi ndi chingwe choyera chomwe chimadutsa maso. Maso amvula ndi kutuwa chikasu. Mbalame zazing'ono zimasiyanitsidwa ndi malo akuluakulu abulauni pachifuwa ndi pamimba.
Monga ziwombankhanga zina, nkhwangwa ya ku Madagascar ndi nyama yolusa yozindikira, yolankhula mwamphamvu komanso yoluka. Imakonda nkhalango ndi mbalame zapakhomo, zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mandimu akuluakulu. Wogwiridwayo amabisalira makamaka ndi zowonjezera, koma nthawi zina amathamangitsa nyama kuti ikuthawe. Ndi osowa kwambiri pofufuza chakudya chokwera pamwamba pa mitengo.
Chisa chachikulu chimamangidwa kuchokera ku nthambi zazing'ono zopangidwazo. Amaikira mazira kuyambira Okutobala mpaka Novembala.
(Accipiter meyerianus)
Kugawidwa pachilumba cha New Guinea ndi Solomon Islands. Imakhala m'malo obisika komanso otentha.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 43-55 cm, mapiko ndi 86-105 masentimita. Kulemera kwa amuna ndi pafupifupi 530 g, ndipo kwa akazi ndi 1100 g.
(Accipiter castanilius)
Adagawidwa ku West Central Africa kuchokera kumwera kwa Nigeria kudzera ku Cameroon ndi Gabon kupita ku Democratic Republic of the Congo. Chimakhala m'nkhalango zamvula zamtunda mpaka ma 750 m pamwamba pa nyanja.
Kutalika konseku ndi 28-37 masentimita, mapiko ndi 43-58 masentimita, unyinji wa amuna ndi 115-150 g, zazikazi ndi 147- 200 g. Thupi lakumwambalo limachita imvi, chifuwa ndi m'mimba yokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yaying'ono komanso yofiirira mbali zamtambo zokhala ngati machifuwa, zomwe ndi chizindikiro. Sera, kuzungulira maso ndi kuyang'ana chikasu.
Zochepa ndizodziwika panjira ya kambukuyi. Imadyetsa mbalame zomwe zimalemera kuchokera 40 mpaka 300. Zimasakidwa kuchokera kwa obisalira yomwe ili korona wamtengo. Mazira amayesedwa kuyambira Januware mpaka Epulo.
(Wothirira pang'onori)
Matenda a zilumba za Nicobar ku Bay of Bengal. Imakhala m'malo obisika komanso otentha.
Ndi kabawi kakang'ono wokhala ndi mapiko afupi. Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 28-25 masentimita, mapiko - 50-55 cm.
Amadyetsa makamaka abuluzi ndi tizilombo tina tosiyanasiyana.
(Kuphulika kwapaulendo)
Amapezeka mdera lokhala m'nkhalango ndi malo opondera kuchokera ku Greece ndi ku Balkan kum'mawa kupita ku Armenia ndi kumwera kwa Russia. Zimasamukira nthawi zonse ku Middle East ndi North-East Africa. Mosiyana ndi nsomba zina zaku Europe, mtunduwu umasamukira m'gulu lalikulu.
Mbalame yotalika pakati imafikira 30 cm masentimita atatu, mapiko (pafupifupi): wamkazi wa 80 masentimita ndi wamphongo wa 70 cm, kulemera kwake: wamphongo wa 160-190 g ndi mkazi wa 190-220 g. Wamphongo ndi wopanda imvi kuchokera kumwamba, kuphatikiza mutu, khosi loyera ndi ma strowudinal ofooka pakatikati, gogo ndi m'mimba ndizakutidwa ndi owotcha opepuka komanso mikwingwirizo yoyera, kuchokera patali chifuwa chimawoneka chofiira. Chachikazi chimakhala chamtambo kuchokera pamwamba, chokhala ndi chingwe chakuda chakutali chakumaso, chokhala ndi mikwingwirima yofiirira yofiyira pachifuwa, pakhosi ndi pachifuwa. Mchira pansi pa mbalame zamtundu uliwonse wamayi ndi zoyera, popanda mikwingwirima. Choyerekeza chaching'ono ndi cha bulauni, chomwe chimakhala ndi nthenga zakumaso ndipo nthenga za nthenga pamwamba, zili ndi mizere yautali yazovala zamitundu yosiyanasiyana pansi pamunsi. Pakhosi pali chingwe chautali pakati, monga akazi.
Imagwira makamaka mbalame zazing'ono, nthawi zambiri imagwira abuluzi, achule, tizilombo tambiri, makoswe, ndipo nthawi zambiri imawulukira kudyera panja.
Imakhala chisa m'nkhalango zowirira, komanso m'nkhalango za oak, ndipo sichimapezeka m'minda ndi m'mapaki. Zingwe zimapangidwa pamitengo, pamtunda wa 6-20 m, pafupi ndi gombe la nkhokwe. Pamalo osakira akuwonekera theka lachiwiri la Epulo. Pakati pa Meyi, chachikazi chimayikira mazira 3-5. Yaikazi imagwira masonry makamaka kwa masiku 30- 35. Pakatikati pa Julayi, anapiye amakhala ndi mapiko. Kunyamuka kupita kumalo achisanu kumayambira mu Seputembara.
(Accipiter luteoschistaceus)
Kugawidwa kuzilumba za Bismarck zisumbu: New Britain ndi Umboy. Pamakhala nkhalango zamvula zam'malo otentha komanso zam'malo otentha.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 28-8cm, mapiko ndi 55-65 masentimita, kulemera kwa chikazi ndi 205-222 g, ndipo chachikazi ndiokulirapo.
(Wotsanzira)
Wogawidwa ku Solomon Islands (Choiselle, Santa Isabel, Bougainville), nawonso amawukira ku New Guinea. Imakhala m'mapiri otentha komanso otentha kwambiri komanso nkhalango zowirira. Imachitika pamalo okwera mpaka mamita 1000 pamwamba pa nyanja.
(Accipiter erythropus)
Kugawidwa m'chigawo chapakati cha Africa kuchokera ku Senegal ndi Gambia m'mphepete mwa nyanja kum'mawa kupita ku Central African Republic ndi Democratic Republic of the Congo. Pamakhala nkhalango zoyambirira komanso zachiwiri. Imapitilira m'mphepete mwa nkhalango.
Uwu ndi kachilomboka kakang'ono kwambiri kokhala ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 22-31 ndi mapiko a masentimita 45-7, amuna amalemera 78-94 g, zazimuna 132-00 g. Amuna amapaka utoto wamtundu wakuda wokhala ndi kaso lowoneka bwino pamphaka. khosi lili loyera, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zimakhala zoyera mbu. Mphete zozungulira maso ndi zofiira, sera ndi ma paws ndi ofiira a lalanje. Mbali yakumwambayi ya akazi ndi yomwe imakhala yotuwa.
Amakhala ndi moyo wobisika. Imadyera mbalame zazing'ono, abuluzi, achule ndi tizilombo tambiri. Imadikirira wozunzidwa ndi zowonjezera.
(Accipiter minullus)
Kugawidwa kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Africa kuchokera ku Ethiopia ndi Eritrea kumwera chakumadzulo kupita ku Democratic Republic of the Congo ndi Angola, kenako kumwera kumwera chakum'mawa kwa South Africa. Imakonda dambo lotseguka, m'malo omwe muli zipululu mungathe kupezeka pamalo odyetserako ziweto.
Kutalika kwa thupi la chiwombachi ndi 23-27 masentimita, mapiko ndi 39-50 masentimita, champhongo chimalemera 74-85 g, chikazi ndi 68-105 g. Zowoneka za kumtunda kwa wamwamuna ndi imvi yakuda, kummero ndi koyera, chifuwa ndi m'mimba mwayera ndi khungu loyera. mikwingwirima, mchirawo uli ndi mikwingwiridwe yoyera. Phula, miyendo ndi maso ake ndi achikaso, mulomo ndi wakuda. Yaikazi imakhala yofiirira kwambiri pamwambapa.
Amadyetsa makamaka mbalame zazing'ono (kukula kwa njiwa), nthawi zina amadya mileme, makoswe, achule, abuluzi ndi tizilombo tambiri. Kufunafuna wozunzidwayo ndi zowonjezera kenako ndikumugwira mwachangu mwachangu.
Gulu laling'ono la Africa Sparrowhawk ndi mbalame yozungulira. Chisa chimakhala kwambiri chachikazi; ndi gawo laling'ono la nthambi zowuma, zomwe zokhala ndi masamba ochepa obiriwira. Malo omwe akufuna kukhala nesting ndi foloko yayikulu pamtengowo. Dzira likugonera kumwera kwa Africa limachitika kuyambira Seputembala mpaka Disembala, kumpoto chakum'mawa kwa kontrakitala kuyambira pa Marichi mpaka Epulo. Mu clutch pali mazira 1 mpaka 3, omwe makolo onse amawonjezera masiku 31-31. Komabe, yaikazi imakhala nthawi yambiri pachisa, pomwe yamphongo imanyamula chakudya chake nthawi zonse ndikuteteza chisa ku mbalame zina zomwe zimadya. Achinyamata akhungu amakhala ndi zaka 25-27, koma amakhalabe pa gawo la makolo awo pafupifupi chaka.
(Accipiter gularis)
Mitundu yochokera ku Southeast Siberia ndi North Mongolia kupita ku Eastern China, Korea, Sakhalin, Taiwan ndi Japan. Nyengo ku Indonesia ndi Philippines, kusamukira kumadutsa ku Southeast Asia konse. Mumakhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitengo, nthawi zina yomwe imapezeka m'mapaki akumatauni. M'nyengo yozizira amakonda mtundu wamtchire kapena malo ena otseguka.
Kutalika konse kwa thupi ndi 23-30 cm, mapiko ndi 46-58 masentimita, unyinji wa amuna ndi 85-142 g, ndipo akazi ndi a 119-193 g. Amphongo amadziwika ndi kupaka mizere yakuda komanso mbali yotsika ya thupi, yokutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yopingasa, yamdima imvi kumbuyo ndi kufiira kwamaso. Mwa akazi, maso ndi achikasu ndipo gawo lotsika la thupi limakutidwa ndi mikwingwirima yakuda. Mbalame zazing'ono zimakhala ndi chifuwa chofiirira komanso chamwala.
Sparrowhawk ya ku Japan imagwiritsa ntchito makamaka ma passerines ang'onoang'ono, omwe amabauluka. Nthawi zina zimatsutsa mileme.
Imakhala pachaka pamitengo yamdima wamdima, womwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yosalaza, yosakanizika ndi mitengo yolimba, 4-7 mamita kuchokera pansi. Mu clutch pali mazira oyera 4 mpaka 5 okhala ndi mawanga ofiira.
(Accipiter nanus)
Enddom to the Indonesia zilumba za Sulawesi ndi Bud. Chimakhala m'mapiri otentha kapena otentha kwambiri komanso nkhalango zowoneka bwino zomwe zimakhala pamtunda wa 900-2250 m pamwamba pa nyanja, nthawi zina zimapezeka pansi pa 550 m.
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi 23-27 cm, mapiko ndi 44-55 cm.
Imasaka ziwala, ma cicadas ndi tizilombo tina zazikulu, imadyanso mbalame zazing'ono, anapiye ndi nkhono.