Eublefar (lat. Eublepharis macularius) kapena eublefar yemwe ndi wowona ndi mbewa wamkulu, wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa okonda nyama zosowa.
Ndiosavuta kumusamalira, ndi wamtendere, amatha kukhala m'malo ang'onoang'ono, ndiosavuta kuswana, ndipo kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana kwakukwanira. Palibe zodabwitsa kuti ndi wotchuka kwambiri.
Kuchokera munkhaniyi muphunzira komwe amachokera, momwe angamuthandizire, momwe angafunikire kukonza kwake.
Kukhala mwachilengedwe
Dziko la kambuku eublefar ndi lamiyala, mapiri owuma ndi zipululu ku Afghanistan, Pakistan, kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India ndi madera ena a Iran.
M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumeneko kumatsikira pansi pa 10 ° C, kupangitsa kuti nyamazo zizikhala dzanzi (hypobiosis) ndipo zimapulumuka chifukwa cha mafuta ochuluka.
Uyu ndi munthu wokhala masana, amakhala wotakataka kwambiri m'mamawa ndi m'bandakucha, pomwe kumatentha kwambiri. Ndekha, zachilengedwe amakhala kudera lawo.
Makulidwe ndi Kutalika Kwa Moyo
Amuna amafika 25-30 cm, zazikazi ndizochepa, pafupifupi masentimita 20. Amakhala nthawi yayitali mokwanira, pafupifupi mungayembekezere kuti chiweto chanu chimatha kukhala zaka 10, ngakhale amuna ambiri amakhala ndi zaka 20.
Pa checheki limodzi kapena ma bulu, malita 50 ndi okwanira. Inde, voliyumu yayikulu imangokhala yabwinoko, makamaka ngati mukufuna kubereka.
Galasi yophimba pa terrarium siyitha kukhazikitsidwa, popeza ma eublefars alibe luso lokwera pamalo owoneka bwino, amakhala ndi makapu osiyapo kanthu pamapazi awo ngati mitundu ina ya geckos.
Komabe, ngati muli ndi amphaka ndi agalu kunyumba, ndibwino kuphimba malo, chifukwa zimawopsa kwambiri kwa geckos.
Musaiwale kuti ma cickets ndi tizilombo tina titha kuthawa, ndipo simumazifuna mnyumba.
Akazi angapo okhwima omwe amagonana amakhala bwino (ngati ali ofanana), koma amuna ndiwokongola ndipo amenya nkhondo.
Wamphongo ndi zazikazi zingapo zimagwirizana, koma ndi bwino kuti musazigwiritse ntchito kufikira zitakwanira zokwanira zogonana (pafupifupi magalamu 45 kwa onse wamwamuna ndi wamkazi).
Ngati mwapeza banja laling'ono, ndikukonzekera kuti lizikhala limodzi, ndibwino kukula mosiyana.
Amuna amakula msanga, komanso amakula kuposa akazi, makamaka mukamakula nawo limodzi. Wamphongo wamkulu ndi wakhama ndipo amakhala wankhanza, amadya mwachangu, nthawi zambiri amatenga chakudya kuchokera kwa chachikazi, kapena amangomuwopseza.
Kuphatikiza apo, adayamba kukhwima ndikuyamba kukwatira ndi mkazi yemwe nthawi zambiri amakhala osakonzeka.
Akazi olemera 25-30 magalamu nthawi zambiri amaikira mazira, koma akadali ochepa kwambiri. Izi zimafupikitsa moyo wawo, ndizopanikizika komanso zimachepetsa kuthekera.
Ngati mukukula akazi angapo pamodzi, kumbukirani kuti nthawi zina mmodzi wa iwo amakula mwachangu, ndipo amachotsa chakudya pazinthuzo.
Ngati kukula kwake ndi kosiyana kwambiri, ndibwino kuwabzala m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Kudulira
Ana aang'ono amasungidwa bwino pepala, osachepera mpaka atali 10-12 cm.
Eoplefars amagwira ntchito kwambiri akamadyetsa, ndipo amatha kumeza nthaka kwinaku akugwira tizilombo.
Ndipo mu ana aang'ono izi zimabweretsa zovuta m'mimba komanso ngakhale kufa, popeza matumbo awo amakhala owonda kwambiri kuposa achikulire. Komabe, mutha kuwadyetsa iwo mumtsuko wina, monga mu kanema pansipa.
Za mchenga kwa akuluakulu, momwe malingaliro agawanikidwira, ena amakhala ndi ma geckos mumchenga, ena amati ndiowopsa.
Zowoneka, nkhaniyi ndi kukula kwa mchenga, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mchenga wabwino kwambiri, 0,5 mm kapena zochepa. Koma, ngati mukuopabe thanzi, ndiye miyala, moss, zopondera zapadera komanso pepala ndizoyenera.
Kutentha
Zoyenera zonse zimafunikira malo omwe amawalola kuti asankhe malo okhala ndi kutentha kwapamwamba kapena kotentha.
Nthawi inayake ma eublefares anu adzafuna kudziwotha, pena kuzizira. Njira yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo ndi kuyatsa pansi ndi matenthedwe.
Iyenera kukhala pakona imodzi ya terrarium, kuti ipange kutentha.
Kutentha pakona yotentha kumakhala pafupifupi 28-32 ° C, ndipo ngati usiku sikugwa pansi 22 ° C, ndiye kuti magetsiwo amatha kuzimitsidwa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwongolera kutentha mothandizidwa ndi ma thermometers awiri omwe ali mbali zosiyanasiyana. Kuzizira, komanso kutentha kwambiri, kumakhala ndi matenda.
Miyala yotentha kapena magwero ena otentha nthawi zambiri amagulitsidwa m'masitolo a nyama, komabe, simuyenera kugula. Sangasinthidwe, simungathe kuyendetsa kutentha, ndipo nyama ikhoza kuyambitsa kutentha.
Kuwala
Leagard eublefars nthawi zambiri sakhala akugwira masana ndipo safunikira magetsi oyatsa kapena nyali za UV.
Amakonda kubisala mumalo obisalamo masana ndipo kuwala kowala kwa iwo kumawasautsa. Eni ake, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nyali zowala, amabweretsa ma geckos awo pamalo omwe amakana chakudya ndikufa.
Gwiritsani ntchito kuwala, kuwala kosachedwa kuyenda ndi kutentha. Osagwiritsa ntchito nyali zowala, ndipo gwiritsani ntchito nyali za UV kokha pamankhwala.
Pogona
Ogwira ntchito madzulo ndipo m'chilengedwe amabisala pansi pamiyala ndi nkhono masana. Chifukwa chake malo okhala mu terarium amafunikira. Zitha kukhala zinthu zosiyanasiyana: makatoni, mapoto, malo okhala otayika, ma halves a kokonati, koma zilizonse.
Chachikulu ndichakuti ziyenera kukhala zazifupi mokwanira. Mu terarium, ndibwino kukonza malo okhala, imodzi pakona kotentha, inayo pamalo abwino.
Chifukwa chake checheki azitha kusankha kutentha komwe amafuna. Kuphatikiza apo, chotchedwa chonyowa chipinda chofunikira ndikusungunuka.
Chipinda cham'malo
Monga zokwawa zonse, nyalugwe geckos molt. Izi zimachitika kangati kutengera zaka komanso kukula, ana aang'ono molt nthawi zambiri kuposa achikulire.
Zoti gecko wanu upita molt, muphunzira mwa kusintha mtundu wake.
Amayamba kupindika, kuyera, khungu limayamba kusenda ndi kusenda.
Monga lamulo, eublefars amadya khungu lawo atangosungunuka, kuti mwina simukuwona izi.
Amachita izi pazifukwa ziwiri: zoyambirira, kuti azitha kuyamwa michere yomwe ili mmenemo, ndipo chachiwiri, kuti nyama zomwe zimadya sizikuwona kukhalapo kwawo.
Nthawi zambiri, zimayamba kusungunuka mosavuta, koma nthawi zina mavuto amachitika, makamaka ngati chinyezi sichikwanira.
Onetsetsani kuti mwayang'ana pet yanu itasungunuka! Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kwa zala, chifukwa nthawi zambiri khungu limakhalabe pa iwo, ndipo checko akamakula, amayamba kufinya. Pang'onopang'ono, chala chimafa.
Sizowopsa, nthawi zambiri chilichonse chimachiritsa, koma ndikuganiza kuti ndi zala ndizosangalatsa kuposa popanda iwo ...
Kuti muchotse khungu ili, liikeni mu chidebe chodzazidwa ndi pepala lonyowa, lotentha ndi chivundikiro. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30, chinyezi chachikulu chimachepetsa khungu, ndipo muthaichotsa ndi swab thonje.
Ngati izi sizikugwira ntchito mosavuta, ndiye kuti zibzale kwa mphindi zina 30.
Chipinda chonyowa ndi malo okhawo momwe mumakhala lonyowa - moss, shavings, vermiculite.
Eoplefars amakonda kukhalamo, ngakhale atafota. Apanso, ichi chikhoza kukhala chilichonse, mwachitsanzo, chidebe cha pulasitiki, osati mfundo.
Madzi ndi chinyezi
Ma Eublefaras amachokera ku nyengo youma, koma amafunikira madzi ndi chinyezi. Amamwa madzi, ndikunyambita lilime lawo, kuti mutha kuyimitsa wosavuta. Chachikulu ndikuwunika momwe madzi alimo, kuletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya.
Chinyezi mu terarium chizikhala pamlingo wa 40-50% ndipo ziyenera kusamalidwa pompopera suparaum kuchokera pa mfuti yolusa.
Makamaka ngati mulibe chipinda chonyowa, apo ayi pamakhala zovuta kusungunuka. Muyenera kuyang'anira chinyezi ndi wamba hygrometer, yomwe mungagule pamalo ogulitsa ziweto.
Kudyetsa
Amadyanso zokha zakudya - tizilombo, ndipo osadya zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Ndikwabwino kuti mupatse ma cickets ndi mphutsi za ufa, koma mutha kuperekanso mapopa ndi mafobas. Nthawi zina mutha kupatsa mbewa zamaliseche, koma modabwitsa, popeza ndizopatsa thanzi kwambiri.
Makamaka mbewa zimayenera kuperekedwa kwa akazi panthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati komanso atayikira mazira, kuti apange kutaya mphamvu.
Amadziwika kuti nthawi zambiri akazi amawakana nthawi yomwe ali ndi pakati, koma amadya mwadyera pambuyo, kawiri kapena atatu, matenda.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuwonjezera zowonjezera zapamtunda pamodzi ndi tizilombo, zomwe zimakhala ndi mavitamini ndi michere.
Tizilombo tingoti timangowaza nawo, kapena timangosungiramo zinthu zowonjezera kwakanthawi.
Ganizirani zabwino ndi zopweteka zakudyazo komanso mphutsi za ufa:
Matikiti
- Yogwira, yambitsani geckos kusaka.
- Amakhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri, calcium, mavitamini kuposa mphutsi.
- Chitin ndi woonda, wosavuta kugaya
- Ayenera kusamalidwa, kuthiriridwa ndi kupatsidwa madzi kapena kupumula.
- Osadyedwa mokwiyitsa geckos kukwawa pa iwo.
- Nthawi zambiri amadya ndowe za geckos, kukhala onyamula majeremusi.
- Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti zonse zidyedwa, kuti zitheke.
- Amanunkha.
- Amatha kuthawa.
- Chilping
Mphutsi
Kumbuyo:
- Zosagwira, sizitha kuthawa.
- Gulani ndikuyiwalika, khalani mufiriji milungu ingapo.
- Osathawa ndikudya ngati chikhumbo chikukhumba, musamukhumudwitse.
- Mutha kuchoka mu terarium, ndikuwonjezera zatsopano pokhapokha zikasowa.
- Zakudya zochepa.
- Zovuta kwambiri kugaya.
- Atha kukaikidwa m'mchenga ngati atatuluka mu feeder.
- Osagwira, osapatsa chidwi geckos.
Pomaliza: Ndikofunika kudyetsa kusinthanitsa ndi mphutsi ndi ufa, motero muzidya zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Ma geckos ang'onoang'ono amafunika kudyetsedwa tsiku lililonse, achinyamata tsiku lililonse, mwa akulu kawiri kapena katatu pa sabata.
Apilo
Pazonse, simuyenera kutenga eublefar mpaka osachepera 12 cm. Mungamulore munthu wamkulu kuchokera kumtunda ndikupatsa iye kuti akhale pansi, pang'onopang'ono amazolowera manja ake. Nthawi zambiri zimatenga masiku asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri.
Osamagwira nkhuku ndi mchira, imatha kuyamba!
Ngakhale imakhala yatsopano masiku 40, itha kukhala yopanda kukongola, kuphatikiza achichepere a m'mbuyo atakula pomwe ikukonzanso mchira.
Zosankha zomwe zilipo
Khungubwe yomwaza yotchedwa eublefar (lat.Eublepharis macularius) - buluzi wopanda chitetezo wa banja la Eublefar. Dziko lokhala ndi ma eublefars owoneka ndi mayiko a South ndi Central Asia: India, Afghanistan ndi Pakistan, komanso Iran. Buluziyu amakhala m'miyala yamiyala yamapiri, youma komanso yopanda kanthu komanso nkhalango zowala. Pakadali pano, nyamazo zimasungidwa kwambiri ndikugawidwa muukapolo, chifukwa ndi imodzi mwa nyama zotchuka kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa zoyambira.
Kufotokozera mwachidule za eublefar owoneka
Ma eublefars okhala ndi timibulu tating'ono, kutalika kwa matupi awo ndi mchira ukufika 25-30 cm.Akhala ndi dzina chifukwa cha mtundu wowoneka bwino. Kuphatikiza mawanga, kufanana ndi nyama yolusa imapatsidwa eublefar ndi maso ake odabwitsa: Amakhala ngati mphaka wamtali komanso wamtundu wina modabwitsa chifukwa chokwawa.
Mu mtundu wachilengedwe wa eublefars, imvi ndi ma toni otambalala ambiri. Komabe, lero, mothandizidwa ndi kusankha, ma morphs opitilira zana - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nalimata - idaweta. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti eublefar ndi amodzi a abuluziwo omwe, atapanikiza, amatha kugwetsa mchira wawo. Pakapita kanthawi, buluzi amatenga gawo la gawo lotayika la thupi, komabe, mchira watsopano umakhala wocheperako pang'ono kuposa wapachiyambi.
Ma eublefars okhala ndi gawo limodzi amakhala ndi moyo wapadziko lapansi, komabe, amakwera makoma amtali wachisangalalo pamaso pa zokongoletsera zakumbuyo ndi mizere ndi mashelufu. Chiwopsezo cha ntchito zawo chimachitika madzulo ndi usiku.
Mu terarium yokhala ndi eublefar, muyenera kukonzekeretsa kutenthetsa ndi ngodya yozizira. Izi ndizofunikira kuti buluzi azitha kuyang'anira kutentha kwa thupi lake. Pakona kotentha, matenthedwe ayenera kukhala + 30-32 ° C. Popeza eublefar ndi nyama yamadzulo, osambira aku UV osafunikira safunikira.
Chinyezi chachikulu sichimathandizanso nyama zapamtunda zazitali zam'madzi, koma ma eublefars ayenera kukhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi madzi abwino akumwa. Wakumwa madziwo ayenera kukhala olemera kwambiri kuti chimbundacho chisathe kutembenuza ndikukonza kusefukira. Eublefar imafunikiranso chipinda chonyowa - malo apadera okhala ndi dothi lonyowa, pomwe buluzi umasungunuka. Popanda pogona chotere, eublefar imatha kukhala ndi mavuto osungunuka.
Zinyalala zopangidwa ndi ma coarse ndi mphasa zowumbiramo udzu ndizoyenera ngati dothi. Mchenga umatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala: ma eublefars nthawi zambiri amameza ndi chakudya, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa zovuta m'mimba komanso ngakhale kufa kwa buluzi. Chifukwa chake, mukamagwiritsa ntchito mchenga, eublefar iyenera kudyetsedwa kokha ndi ma tweezers.
Pomaliza, bwalo lamalonda liyenera kukhala ndi malo achitetezo momwe eublefar imabisala ikatopa ndi chidwi cha aliyense. Khoma lakumbuyo mu terarium lipangitsa kuti nalimata agwiritse ntchito mokwanira nyumba yake ndikuthandizira magalimoto ake.
Spotted eublefar kudya
Pafupifupi tizilombo tina tonse todyedwa titha kuphatikizidwa mumakina a abuluzi osatetezedwa awa: nyumba, nthochi ndi zikhalidwe ziwiri zam'maso, nyongolotsi za ufa ndi bafobas, mapogo osiyanasiyana, etc. Nthawi zina, mutha kuchitira eublefar ndi mbewa zatsopano.
Pamodzi ndi chakudya, eublefaru iyenera kupatsidwa mavitamini owonjezera ndi calcium - popanda iwo, ndizosatheka kubweretsanso zakudya zamphesa zamtunduwu.
Pansipa pali kanema wonena za kusamalira eublefar:
Kufotokozera ndi malo achilengedwe
Eublepharis ndi bulu wa banja la Eublefar, wokhala ndi mitundu ingapo ndipo ndiofala ku India, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkmenistan.
Awa ndi mitundu ingapo yobwezeretsa usiku, yomwe thupi lake silimafikira 50 g, komanso kutalika kwa 20-30 cm.
Mutu ndi wokulirapo poyerekeza ndi thupi lomwe limakhala ngati patali. Maso akulu ali ndi kutalika pang'ono komanso kupendekera, pang'ono ngati mphaka. Pakamwa patali nthawi zonse kumawoneka akumwetulira. Kutalika kosiyanasiyana, kutengera mtundu wa paw, ndi kochepa thupi komanso kowuma, kumatha ndi zala zisanu ndi zibwano.
Mtundu wa khungu umakhala wosiyanasiyana, mitundu yoposa zana. Kumbuyo kwakukulu kumakhala brownis, greenish, reddis, ndipo madontho mawonekedwe ndi osiyana komanso owala.
Poyamba, munthu wamkulu wathanzi la Eublefar amakhala ndi mchira wakuda komanso wokulirapo. Munthawi yowopsa, buluzi amawutaya, ndipo watsopanoyo amafupika kwambiri komanso ndi mawonekedwe osalala, opanda ma tubercles.
Kugonana kumayesedwa, wamphongo ndi wokulirapo, wokhala ndi mutu waukulu komanso mchira wakuda kumunsi.
Kuthengo, moyo wa bulu si kawirikawiri zaka 10, m'ndende nthawi imeneyi imatenga nthawi yayitali - mpaka 20.
Eublefar amagwira ntchito usiku ndi nthawi yamadzulo, tsiku lotentha akubisala kutentha m'miyala yamiyala kapena pansi pa mizu yamiyala ndi miyala. Ndimakhala m'matanthwe, mapiri ang'onoang'ono komanso nkhalango zowuma.
Eublefar ndi gulu la nyama komanso malo amtchire. Buluzi wamwamuna amakhala ndi chimbudzi chaching'ono, chomwe chimaphatikizapo zazikazi zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndipo chimateteza mwachangu malo ake. Banja limadyera ma arthropod, mphutsi, mitundu yaying'ono ya mammary, abuluzi ena, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale ana awoawo.
Kutha kwa Eublefar kumachitika mozungulira mwezi wachisanu ndi chinayi wa moyo. Yaikazi imayala timagulu tating'ono tomwe timakhala ndi mazira 1-2 pachaka. Ana amabadwa m'miyezi iwiri kapena itatu, kugonana kwawo kumatengera kutentha kwa kusasitsa, azimayi ocheperako amabadwa, pamwamba pa +31.5 ° C - amuna. Kukula kwamtunduwu kumakhala kowoneka bwino bwino, kumakhala kowala pafupi miyezi isanu ndi itatu.
Iranian eublefara
Malo okhala zachilengedwe zamtunduwu wa Eublefar ndi Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey. Buluzi limakonda mapiri amiyala kuchokera pa 300 mpaka 1000 metres kumtunda kwa nyanja. M'malo ena, chiweto chimakhala chambiri, ena, mwachitsanzo, ku Turkey, ndizosagwirizana.
Thupi la Iranian Eublefar limadziwika ndi buluziyu, koma miyendo yake ndiyotalikirapo ndipo thupi lake limakulanso.
Mbali yakumunsi ya thupi ndi pamimba zimakhala pafupifupi zoyera, kumbuyo, mutu ndi miyendo pamwamba yokutidwa ndi mabala a bulauni achikasu.Mchira wautali kwambiri umakhala ndi mikwingwirima yopepuka ya bulauni komanso yopepuka.
Eublepharis angramainyu amatha kuphatikiza ndi Spotted Eublefar ndikupanga ma hybrids oyenera m'mibadwo yoyamba komanso yachiwiri.
Mtunduwu umadyetsa kwambiri abuluzi ang'onoang'ono. M'chaka chonse, amatsogolera moyo wobisika, wokhazikitsa ntchito mchaka chokhacho.
Mtunduwu sunatetezedwebe ndi Convention on International Trade, popeza adaphunziridwa pang'ono ndipo chiwerengero chake chenicheni sichikudziwika.
West Indian Eublefar
Eublepharis fuscus ndi mtundu womwe umakhala kumadera ouma a India kumadzulo kwa dzikolo. Ili ndi buluzi wamkulu mpaka 40-45 cm kutalika kwake ndi mzere wowala wachikasu kutalika kwake, kudutsa mawonekedwe amdima.
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, nyamayi idachita kafukufuku wasayansi chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, ndipo idapezeka kutali ndi Bombay, ku Mumbai. Koma kwanthawi yayitali idawerengedwa kuti ndi mtundu wa Eubléfar yemwe adawona ndipo idagawidwa ku kalasi yokhayo mu 1997.
Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina kukula kwakukulu, malo ndi mtundu wa lamellas kumbuyo ndi miyendo. Chojambulachi chidali chowoneka bwino kuposa mzere.
Amakhala zachilengedwe kutalika kwa 50-650 m m'nkhalango zowuma, mapiri okonda, miyala ndi zitsamba zokhala. Ntchito imadziwoneka ngati abuluzi mu Disembala, pomwe kukula kwachinyamata kukukula pang'ono. Pali umboni wa kuchepa pang'ono kwa anthu, ngakhale kuti mitunduyi idakali m'dera lalikulu makilomita pafupifupi 150,000.
Eublefara Herdwick
Eublepharis hardwicki ndi anthu okhala kum'mawa kwa India ndi Bangladesh. Mtunduwu waphunziridwa pang'ono.
Amadziwika kuti abuluzi amakonda kutalika kuyambira 500 mpaka 1500 m ndipo anthu amakhala m'malo pafupifupi 400-700,000 km. Amakonda nkhalango zowuma, amakhala pansi pa miyala komanso mizu ya mitengo.
Kukongola kwa utoto sikotsika kwa Spotted Eublefars, chifukwa chake ndi mutu wa ntchito yogwira ntchito.
Thupi la buluzi limakhala lakufupi ndipo lalifupi, lalitali 20-25 cm, ndipo miyendo ndiyonso yaying'ono.
Kutalika kwa mphuno ndikofanana ndi mtunda pakati pa maso, mabowo akuluakuluwo ndi ozungulira. Pamutu ndi miyeso ya thupi mwanjira ya polyhedra ndi ma tubercles ambiri. Mchira wautali ndi wokulungika pang'ono ndikuwoneka wotupa.
Pamwamba ndi pansi pa milomo, mamba 10, ndipo pamimba pamakhala mikwingwirima 30 yopingasa. Palinso m'munsi mchira wake, ndipo zikopa zazikulu zimakongoletsa chibwano.
Ndi lilime lalitali lofiira, loonda komanso lathyathyathya, Eublefar Herdwick amatha kunyambita maso ake ndi mutu wake wonse.
Kujambula pa thupi la buluzi pamtundu wofiirira, wopepuka kapena wamtundu wakuda. Chifukwa chake mutu umapakidwa, malo ambiri kumbuyo ndi mchira. Mosiyana ndi iwo, mikwingwirima yachikasu imadutsa kumbuyo kwa mutu, pakatikati pa msana ndi kumunsi kwa mchira. Miyendo yake ndi yapinki, ndipo thupi lakumbuyo komanso m'mimba zimakhala pafupifupi zoyera.
Mabuluzi sakhala chete, koma akachita mantha amapanga mawu oboola ndi kusefukira komanso kutulutsa mawu.
Uwu ndiye gawo lofalikira kwambiri m'chilengedwe cha Eublefar, chiwerengerochi ndichachikulu ndipo palibe choopseza kuti nyamayo ichedwa. Imapezeka pazinthu zapakhomo, koma osati yotchuka ngati kambuku.
Ali ndi Leopard Eublefara
Eublepharis macularius ndi mbadwa za Pakistan ndi kumpoto India mchikhalidwe. Kutalika kwambiri kwa buluzi usiku ndi 25-30 cm.
Uwu ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri m'milandu yakunyumba, popeza ndizosavuta pazambiri komanso zofalitsa mosavuta ukapolo.
Ophunzirawo adafotokozedwa koyamba mu 1854 ndipo ali ndi masanjidwe asanu.
Mbali yayikulu yakuthupi imatha kukhala yosiyana - yaudzu wachikasu kapena ya imvi, nthawi zina yofiirira. Koma mawanga amdima “akambuku” amwazika pamalopo, nkumavala chimodzimodzi buluzi kuchokera pamphuno mpaka kumapeto kwa mchira.
Makanda ndi akhanda ali ndi mtundu wina - poyamba amakhala pafupifupi wakuda, kenako timizere tosinthika tating'onoting'ono ta kuwala (nthawi zambiri timakhala achikasu) komanso timaso tating'ono (tofiirira kapena malasha) timawoneka pa thupi.
Ma tubercles acute amapezeka thupi lonse ndi miyendo, masikelo amakhala pamimba (20-30), mchira, matope (45-57).
Kwa nthawi yoyamba Leopard Eublefaras anapezeka kum'mwera kwa Afghanistan, kenako ku India ndi Pakistan. Awa ndi anthu okhala kumidzi yopanda chipululu komanso malo owuma. Amakonda dothi ndi dothi lamchenga, miyala, zitsamba zouma. Kupaka utoto, womwe umawoneka wowala kwambiri m'malo otetezedwa, kumalo komwe kwawo kumawathandiza kuphatikiza ndi chilengedwe.
Panthawi yomwe kutentha kwatsikulo kumagwera mpaka + 5 ... + 15 ºC, Eublefars yozungulira, amagwera pamtundu wa makanema ojambula, theka akugona kwa miyezi ingapo, kudikirira nthawi yosavomerezeka chifukwa chamafuta.
Pomwe nthawi yotentha, nthawi yozungulira +40 ºC, abuluzi amagwira ntchito ndipo akumva bwino. Mwina kuthekera kwolekerera kutentha kwadzidzidzi popanda kuwopseza thanzi kudapangitsa kuti chiweto chiziwalika mndende.
Padzuwa ndi usiku, abuluzi a Leopard amathamangira ndikuukira ma invertebrates, arthropods, zolengedwa zazing'ono zazing'ono, zinkhanira, akangaude, mphero. Alenje ndi osaka abwino kwambiri omwe amatha kupeza chakudya m'malo ovuta chifukwa chamawonedwe akuthwa, kununkhira kwabwino komanso kuthamanga kwathamanga.
Tsopano, kuwonjezera pa kusiyanasiyana kwamtundu wachilengedwe, pali mitundu yambiri yoswana. Si mitundu yosiyana, koma mawonekedwe apadera a isomorphic ndipo mitundu yotsatirayi ndiyofunika kulisamalira mwapadera.
Black Eublefar
Makongoletsedwe owoneka mwachilengedwe ndi chithunzi chabwino cha ma Eublefars, koma kwawo sakuwaopsezedwa ndi omwe amadyera ndipo mitundu yatsopano yobereketsa imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitundu yambiri yosakanizidwa imadziwika lero, mwachitsanzo, Black Eye kapena Black Hole (BH).
Pulogalamu yakuda kwambiri komanso yodabwitsa yakuda - Black Velvet ndi Black Pearl. Zoweta kuchokera ku Europe zikugwira ntchito yopeza buluzi yamtundu wakuda. Carom isomorph idapezeka chifukwa chosinthika mosasintha pomwe anthu awiri amtundu wabwinobwino wa Mtanda adawoloka. Awa ndi a Eublefara-melanc, omwe ali ndi chizolowezi pathupi lawo, zomwe ndizovuta kwambiri kuzisiyanitsa chifukwa cha mtundu wakuda.
Ntchitoyi yakhala ikuchitika kwa zaka pafupifupi 20, koma sizinathekebe kukwaniritsa mtundu. Ma Eublefars akuda omwe ali m'misonyezo ya obereketsa okhawo omwe akutsogolera ndipo mtengo wa anthu oterowo pamsika wakunja ndi pafupifupi madola 2,000.
Nthawi zambiri abuluzi amabadwira amtundu wonenepa, komanso amafunikira kwambiri, ku Russia tsopano kuli Eublefar imodzi yokha.
Mtunduwu umatchedwanso Black Knight, ndipo umachokera ku sinamoni wakuda mpaka velvet yakuda. Maso a abuluzi ali ndi imvi ndi utoto wabuluu.
Nthawi zambiri ana amabadwa opepuka ndipo amakhala ndi mawonekedwe omveka bwino, koma akamakula amayamba kuda ndipo mawonekedwewo amayamba kusiyanika. Koma nthawi zina zimachitika chimodzimodzi: mwana wakhanda wamalasha amayamba kumera msanga akamakula.
Wopanga uyu morph ali ndi mtundu wa cholowa cha polygenic, cholamulidwa ndi awiriawiri amitundu yosagwirizana, ndiye kuti, mitundu ingapo ya awiriawiri imayang'anira amunawo. Pali mitundu yambiri yoswana ndi seti yotere: awa ndi Bandit, Baldy, mutu wa Karoti ndi ena ambiri.
M'mabulu amtundu wa albino, mitanda ikamachitika, mphepete mwa melanin imatha kubadwa ndipo munthu wakuda kwathunthu adzabadwa, koma uwu ndi mtundu wosasunthika ndipo mtundu wake sudzabweranso mwa ana.
Chifukwa chake, kufikira atamvetsetsa bwino za mtundu wa kubadwa kwa matumba omwe amatha kuwona, Eublefara Black Knight ikhale yopanda mtengo.
Afghan Eublefar
Pazigawo zovomerezeka, ndizosungidwa za Spotted, koma asayansi ena amawasiyanitsa iwo mwa njira ina. Imapezeka kumadera akumwera ndi kumpoto kwa Afghanistan komanso kumpoto kwa Pakistan. Mitundu yagolide yachikasu imapambana mumtundu, kukula kwa buluzi ndizochepa - pafupifupi 20 cm.
Turkmen eublefara
Turbmen ya Eublepharis idagawidwa kwambiri kumadera akumwera kwa Turkmenistan komanso kumpoto kwa Iran, koma tsopano atsala pang'ono kutha ndipo alembedwa mu Buku Lofiira Lapadziko lonse.
Miyoyo yamiyala m'miyala ndi m'miyala yokhala ndi zitsamba zowuma, nthawi zambiri imasankha zimbudzi zomwe zimasiyidwa ndi nyama zina ngati malo. Kutalika kwa thupi la chikasu chofiiritsa sichimafikira 25 cm. Zizindikirazo sizofanana, sizikhala zachilendo komanso zokhala ndi utoto wofiirira.
Zofalikira mu Julayi-Ogasiti, mu clutch mazira awiri. Munjira zina zonse, sizosiyana ndi Spotted Leopard Eublefar.
Ziwopsezo
Zitha kukhala zazing'ono kwambiri kwa munthu m'modzi, mwachitsanzo, 35x35x35 masentimita, ndi kutalika kwambiri kukhala kwa abulu awiri kapena atatu, mwachitsanzo, 35x35x65 cm. Mutha kuzikonza zonse mozungulira komanso molunjika, koma pamapeto pake, mashelufu, protrusions ndi zinthu zina zokwera ziweto.
Ngati Eublefar apezedwa ndi mwana, ndiye kuti poyamba amafunikira voliyumu yaying'ono, pamlingo waukulu iye amasokonezeka ndipo amva kuti ndi wosamasuka, sangathe kusaka kwathunthu. Koma atafika miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ndikofunikira kusamutsira chiweto kuchipinda chachikulu, pazaka izi ali ndi chidwi chapaulendo ndikukula kwa malo atsopano. Kuphatikiza apo, zimalimbikitsa kukula kwachangu kwa anthu.
Njira yotentha
Eublefar ndi buluzi wamagazi ozizira, koma kuti chakudya chomwe chilipo m'thupi mwake chizilowetsedwa bwino, amafunikira kutentha. Njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli ndi kuwotcha madzi otsika mnyumba pogwiritsa ntchito zokutira (zotentha matipi) kapena zingwe. Zinthuzi zimagulitsidwa ku zoo.
Ngati simunagule zinthuzi, mutha kuyika chopukutira nsapato pansi pa terariamu kapena kuyika maliro pansi. Kutentha kwakukulu pano sikuyenera kupitirira +32 ºC, itha kuwongoleredwa ndi kutalika kwa dothi. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito thermometer yapaderadera. Ndikokwanira kutentha ngodya imodzi ya thankiyo, yomwe imakhala gawo lachitatu kapena kotala la malo onse.
Kutentha kwachipinda + 20 ... + 23 ºC usiku, kuyatsa magetsi ndi bwino kuzimitsidwa. Kuwala koteroko kumadziwika ndi abuluzi ndipo kumangothandiza kulimbitsa chitetezo cha mthupi.
Komanso, mpaka miyezi itatu ya moyo, Kutenthetsa kuyenera kugwira ntchito kosalekeza, ndipo kwa ziweto zachikulire kumatha kutsegulidwa kangapo patsiku kugaya chakudya.
Makonzedwe a nyumba
Choweta chowopsa m'magulu osiyanasiyana a thankiyo chikuyenera kukhala ndi nyumba zingapo zogona: zowotchera - kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya, zina zabwino - zogona komanso kupuma. Kuphatikiza apo, mumafunikira chipinda chonyowa, pamenepo Eublefar adzasungunuka.
Chipinda chopangira molting chiyenera kukhala ndi malo otentha, mwinanso chiwetocho chizitha kugwera.
Nyumbazi zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe komanso zokongoletsera; ma halves a coconuts okhala ndi mabowo osema ndi abwino kwambiri izi.
Filarium pansi filler
Zovala zapaderadera zapaderalo zikugulitsidwa m'masitolo a ziweto, zomwe ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo zimatsukidwa. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zopondera wamba, koma osati ndi mphira.
Dothi lawayikira - monga miyala ikuluikulu komanso miyala. Chachikulu sikugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ozungulira omwe amapezeka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja. Okhalamo ndi okhala m'chipululu cha Eublefara samasinthika chifukwa choyenda pamalo oterera, zala zawo zimamatira kukwiya. Kuphatikiza apo, kukula kwa zidutswazo kuyenera kukhala kotero kuti chiweto sichingameze zinthu zina payekha.
Palibe chifukwa choti mchenga utatulukira, mavuto ndi makina am'mimba ndikupumira momwemo zimayamba. Ndiye kuti, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti dothi losaya chilichonse ndilakufa kwa Eublefar ndipo lingayambitse kufupika kwamatumbo komanso thirakiti la kupuma.
Kumwera mbale
Mbale zansalu zokhala ndi madzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo, akasupe safunika, Eublefars sakonda madzi akuyenda, sanawone konse komwe amakhala. Koma ziweto izi zimakonda kunyambita madontho, chifukwa chake ngati mumatsanulira miyala tsiku ndi tsiku, ndiye kuti wakumwa akhoza kusiyidwa kwathunthu.
Gwiritsani ntchito bwino madzi omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa zamchere.
Masana masana
Kuunikira kowonjezera kwa nyama zamadzulo sikofunikira. Mutha kukhazikitsa nyali yaying'ono (makamaka yowunikira) ya incandescent yokhala ndi mphamvu yopanda 40 Watts. Iyenera kuwoneka pakona imodzi, potero kutsanza Kutentha kwa dzuwa. Usiku, nyali imazimitsidwa.
Nyale ya ultraviolet ndiyofunikiradi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewetsa ma nati ndipo imayatsidwa kwa nthawi yochepa, chifukwa kuwala kowala ndikosasangalatsa kwambiri kwa abuluzi, komanso koopsa kwa ma alubino.
Chinyezi
Mulingo wake woyenera pafupifupi 50% kapena wotsika pang'ono. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutsata mulingo mu nthawi yozizira ndi magetsi otenthetsera, pomwe mpweya m'nyumba uli wouma kwambiri. Ndipo kangapo patsiku lina mu kona imodzi ya malo, dothi liyenera kuthiridwa. Bwino, ikani chipinda chonyowa pamenepo. Kuphatikiza apo, ziweto zina zimakonda kukakhala pamalo otentha, pomwe ena amakonda malo abwino.
Poyamba, mutha kuyika ma halves awiri a coconut m'malo osiyanasiyana, inyowetsani nthaka pansi pawo ndikuwona mtundu wa Eublefar omwe amasankha.
Malo onyowa kapena chipinda ndi chofunikira kwambiri buluzi, ndipamenenso mumapezeka molting, womwe umapezeka mwa akulu miyezi iwiri ndi iwiri, komanso mu ana kawiri mwezi. Ngati khungu lakale silikusungunuka kwathunthu, ndiye kuti chiweto chimatha kusamva, maso, zala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupenda mosamala tsiku lililonse. Komabe, ngati magawo onse mu terariamu amasungidwa molondola, ndiye kuti mankhwalawo amatha kuchitika mopanda tanthauzo kwa eni ake, chifukwa a Eublefars amadya khungu lotayidwa popanda kufufuza.
Kusenda kumayamba ndi kusenda komanso kuyeretsa ziwalo zina za thupi, ndipo, khungu limasuntha thupi la buluziyo ndikusunga kamodzi. Ngati ikuphwanya ndipo siibwera, ndiye kuti chiweto chija chikufunika kuthandizidwa - chigwireni mumtsinje wamadzi ofunda ndikuchotsa mosamala chovalacho ndi thonje la thonje.
Zakudya
Mwachilengedwe, zakudya zazikulu za Eublefars zimapangidwa ndi tizilombo, ngakhale samakana chakudya chamoyo china. Kunyumba, dyetsani abuluzi ndi mitundu iyi:
- Mitengo ndimtengo wotsika mtengo kwambiri, chifukwa imawiluka mosadalira, komanso tizilombo tomwe timadzaza ndi michere. Gwiritsani ntchito ma brownie, nthochi, amitundu iwiri.
- Mapopa - Turkmen, marble, mphutsi zaku Madagascar.
- Mphutsi. Samapatsidwa nthawi zambiri, chifukwa amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo.
M'mbuyomu, tizilomboti timadyetsedwa zamafuta ndipo timakulungidwa mu mavitamini owonjezera (omwe amagulitsidwa m'misika yama petto) ndi calcium calcium.
Nthawi zina, mbewa zatsopano zitha kuperekedwa ngati mankhwala apadera.
Ma Eublefars amangodya chakudya chokhala ndi mapuloteni okha, safuna chakudya chamasamba ndipo samadya.
Njira yodyetsayo imawerengedwa kuti ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yosinthira abuluzi ndipo ndi ntchito yosangalatsa. Chakudya chimaperekedwa ndi dzanja kapena ndi ma pulosha. Ndikofunika kuti musalole tizilombo kulowa mu terrarium kuti pambuyo pake asabalalike mozungulira nyumbayo kapena chiweto sichimadya miyala ndi iwo.
Akuyembekezera gawo lake, Eublefar nthawi zambiri amayimirira ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo ndi kumenya mchira wake osakwiya.
M'nyengo yotentha mutha kupatsa ziwala ndi dzombe, koma muyenera kusankhira tizilombo toononga malo olimapo, kuti tisadyetse chiweto ndi feteleza ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Kuphatikiza apo, mitundu ya nkhalango nthawi zambiri imayambukiridwa ndi helminths.
Malamulo odyetsa Eublefar ndi awa:
- Kufikira masiku 30, makanda amadyetsedwa kawiri patsiku, kupatsa kirimu kamodzi.
- Mpaka miyezi itatu, kudyetsa kamodzi kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndikokwanira.
- Kufikira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi - tsiku lina lililonse, ma cicake atatu akulu.
- Buluzi wamkulu amatha kudyetsedwa katatu pa sabata kwa ma cicake akuluakulu a 3-5 pakudya.
Ndikwabwino kusankhira nthawi yamadzulo kapena yamadzulo ino, abuluzi panthawiyi amakhala otakataka.
Kubala ndi kusamalira ana aang'ono
Euphlefara amafika pakutha msinkhu pofika miyezi 9-12. Amuna ndi okulirapo kuposa akazi, ali ndi mutu waukulu komanso mchira wamphamvu.
Eublefars sungasungidwe ndi nyama zina ndi zazimuna ziwiri palimodzi, ndewu zapamtunda sizingalephereke. Zachikazi zingapo kapena wamwamuna ndi wamkazi 2-10 zimakhala bwino.
Ngati amuna ndi akazi asungidwa, ndiye kuti wamkazi azunzidwa kwambiri ndi chibwenzi ndipo sangakhale zaka zopitilira zitatu.
Ali ku ukapolo, Eublefaras amaberekera mosavuta.Kuti muchepetse kukhwima, mutha kuyamba kuwipira mikhalidwe ndikuyambitsa kubisala kwakanthawi, ndipo ndikutentha pang'ono pang'ono, masewera a mating amayamba mwachangu. Koma, makamaka, kunyumba yopangika mizimu, abuluzi alibe prerequisites, popeza palibe chifukwa chofunikira nyama.
Kuti zitha kubereka bwino, wamwamuna mmodzi ndi akazi atatu amayikidwa mgulu limodzi. Onjezerani maola masana mpaka maola 14-15, onjezerani kutentha kwa + 28 ... + 30 ºC ndikuwonjezera chinyezi mpaka 60-80%.
Wamphongo, posamalira mnzake, nthawi zambiri amafufuza momwe lilili mpweya wake ndi lilime lake. Wokonzeka kukhwima, mnzake amatulutsa ma pheromoni apadera mumlengalenga. Kenako kukokoloka kwa khomo pachibelekeropo ndikugwirana modekha ndi nyali za mbali zachikazi kumayamba.
Nthawi yokhala ndi pakati imakhala pafupifupi milungu itatu, nthawi imodzi chilimwe wamkazi amatha kupindika katatu kapena kanayi, pomwe dzira limodzi kapena awiri, adawakwirira pansi. Iyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti kutalika kwake ndikokwanira.
Mazira ndi ochepa, mpaka 25mm kutalika ndipo okutidwa ndi chipolopolo chofewa. Makolo samatsata zomangamanga, amangobwerera kukaika maliro atsopano.
Kukula kwa mazira kuli pafupifupi miyezi iwiri. Kufikira +26 ºC zachilengedwe akazi ambiri amabadwa, pa +31.5 ºC zoyerekeza zamphongo zimapezeka, m'gulu + 29 ... + 30 ºC chiwerengero chomwecho cha anyamata ndi atsikana amabadwa. Nthawi yomweyo, zazikazi zimakhala ndi zofuna zachimuna ndipo sizitha kubereka ana.
Ana amabadwa masentimita a 6-8, kulemera kwa 5-9 g ndi utoto wamtambo, utoto wachikulire umakonda kuonekera miyezi isanu ndi itatu.
Kwa ana akhanda, ma incubator ochokera mumipando ya pulasitiki amakonzedwa kale, pamlingo wa 0.15 sq.m. kwa munthu m'modzi. Mpaka miyezi itatu kapena inayi ana akhanda amatha kusungidwa bwino. Ndiwosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito matawulo amapepala ndi zopukutira ngati zinyalala m'mbale; ndizosavuta kusintha. Chinyezi chimasungidwa kwambiri ndikumapopera madzi nthawi zonse kuchokera mu botolo lothira ndi madzi ofunda, popeza kusungunuka kumachitika pakatha milungu iwiri - mabuluzi amakula mwachangu, ndipo khungu lakale limakhala laling'ono.
Pofika miyezi isanu, ana ayenera kukhazikikanso. Mnyamata wamwamuna amatha kulowa pakati mosavuta wamkazi, koma sanakonzekere kugona.
Sikoyenera kukoka achichepere akuluakulu achikulire, amakhala pachiwopsezo chongokhumudwitsidwa ndi akulu ndipo amakhala m'malo opsinjika nthawi zonse. Ndikwabwino kukhazikitsa malo ophunzitsira malinga ndi mtundu wa mabanja ang'onoang'ono achilengedwe.
Ma crickets ang'ono ndi mapacha akulu kwambiri omwe ana amatha kumeza chakudya amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya.
Popewa kupangira chogwiritsira ntchito chofungatira, nthawi zonse pamafunika kukhala ndi kashiamu ndipo kamodzi masiku awiri kwa mphindi zochepa kuyatsa nyali ya ultraviolet.
Nthawi zambiri mu ukapolo, nthawi ya Eublefars imasinthana ndi nthawi ndikuyamba November-Marichi. Munthawi imeneyi, zazikazi zimatha kupanga ndulu khumi.
Mavuto omwe angakhalepo
Eublefar watchuka kwambiri ngati chiweto chomwe chimakonda kumwetulira komanso chosangalatsa kotero kuti makalabu ambiri okonda nyama zowopsa amapangidwa padziko lapansi. Ntchito yawo ndi yofunika kwambiri ku Russia, popeza pali veterinarians ochepa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito matenda oyamba ndi magazi.
Ngakhale kuti Eublefar ndiwosazindikira komanso amasintha mosavuta momwe nyama imakhalira, chisamaliro chosayenera chitha kubweretsa mavuto osiyanasiyana:
- Matikiti. Matenda abuluzi amachititsa kuti pasakhale calcium. Zimalepheretsedwa ndi chakudya chapamwamba kwambiri komanso chokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba a chinthuchi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nyali ya ultraviolet ku terrarium. Mankhwala, calcium gluconate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati madzi, ndikukhazikitsa madontho awiri mkamwa la buluzi tsiku lililonse kwa mwezi umodzi kapena iwiri.
- Molt wosagwira. Chizindikiro nthawi zambiri chimakhala mchira. Mwa munthu wamkulu, Eublefar ayenera kukhala wolimba komanso wathanzi, mwa achinyamata iye ali kale, koma osati wowonda.
Nsonga youma ikuwonetsa mavuto. Iyenera kudulidwa mosamala ndikuchiritsidwa ndi Chlorhexedine kapena Miramistin. Zatsopano zimakula msanga.
Nthawi zambiri mchira wake umatayidwa mumphindi zowopsa ndipo watsopano umakhala wamfupi komanso wosalala. - Matenda oyamba ndi mafangasi. Mawonekedwe achimaso amawoneka pakhungu la buluzi. Kwa chithandizo, ndibwino kulumikizana ndi dokotala wazachipatala.
- Helaminthiasis. Pafupifupi abuluzi onse amakhala ndi zonyamula, koma matenda amakula kokha ndi nkhawa kapena kutopa kwambiri. Eublefar amakana kudya, mchirawo umachepetsa thupi, chimbudzi chimakhala chamadzimadzi komanso ndi fungo loipa. Pofuna kuthana ndi tiziromboti, ReptiLife ndi Profender amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndikofunikanso kugulitsa peter ndi yofooka yankho la Regidron kupewa madzi. Ndowe ziyenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo ku terarium kuti zisayambitsenso matendawa, ndipo nyumbayo iyenera kupakidwa mankhwala tsiku lililonse ndi madzi otentha, ndikuchotsa ziweto pamenepo. Mankhwala amafunika kuti azitsuka.
Mwambiri, mkhalidwe wamchira ndi maso ndi chizindikiro chofunikira cha thanzi la Eublefar.
Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chopondera cha chiweto. Mwa munthu wathanzi, amakhala ndi magawo atatu. Madzimadzi ndi mkodzo, chimbudzi chakuda ndi ndowe zokha, ndipo kuwalako kumakhudzanso mchere wambiri.
Kufotokozera
Kutalika kwa thupi ndi mchira kumayambira 25 mpaka 30 cm, zazikazi ndizocheperako. Mtundu wa kumbuyo ndi wachikaso, imvi kapena chikasu. Mmbali zake ndizopepuka, pafupifupi zoyera. Malo amdima ang'onoang'ono osakhazikika amabalalika kumtunda kwa mutu, pamilomo, kumbuyo ndi mchira. Kuphatikiza apo, mphete ziwiri kapena zitatu zosinthika za mtundu wa lilac nthawi zina zimawonekera pa mchira. Ana amtunduwo ndi utoto wosiyana: pamtundu wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mbewa yoyera, mphete zakuda zakuda zonse zimapita thupi lonse ndi mchira.
Mwaufulu, moyo wa amuna ndi zaka 8 - 8-10, wa akazi osakwatiwa wazaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zinayi, ndi wa akazi omwe akusamba pafupipafupi, zaka 3-4 [ gwero silinatchulidwe tsiku 851 ]. M'malo otetezeka, moyo wa eublefars umafika zaka 20.
Kuswana
Fikirani kutha msinkhu muli ndi miyezi 9 mpaka 12. Nthawi yobereketsa imayamba pambuyo pa hibernation. Dzira limagona pafupifupi masabata atatu mutachira. Mu clutch 1-2 mazira. Pakhoza kukhala mpaka magulu 10 pachaka. Nthawi ya makulidwe imadalira kwambiri kutentha. Moyenerera kutentha, ana amasaka pambuyo masiku 40-65. Kugonana kwa ana amatenga kumatengera kutentha. Kutentha kotsika 26 ° C, ndi akazi okha omwe amawoneka, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kuposa 31.5 ° C amuna kumawonekera pafupipafupi. Mwachilengedwe, kulumikizana kumachitika nthawi zambiri pambuyo masiku 90-100 [ gwero silinatchulidwe tsiku 851 ]. Ziwawa ndizotalika 80 mpaka 85 mm ndipo zimalemera 2-3 g. Zimakhala ndi mtundu wa bulauni wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera. Akakwanitsa miyezi 8 amakhala achikulire.
Amasungidwa mosavuta ndikufalikira muukapolo, mitundu yambiri yamitundu yomwe ilibe chilengedwe (morph) imakhala yowuma. Nyama yotchuka yopakasa. Kukonzanso kumafunikira malo opingasa a pansi mpaka 40x30 masentimita, okhala ndi Kutenthetsera kwanuko mpaka +30 .. + 32 ° C, malo okhala, mbale yomwera. Chimodzi mwazitsulo chimayenera kukhala chothinitsidwa ndi moss yaiwisi, zopukutira, ndi zina. Kutentha kwakumbuyo ndi kutentha kwa chipinda, pafupifupi +23 .. + 25 ° C. Monga chakudya, imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya chakudya yazipatso - ma cickets, maphemwe, mphutsi za ufa. Vitamini ndi michere yazakudya zimafunikira zokwawa, popanda matenda am mafupa, khungu ndi maso kukula msanga, makamaka pakukula nyama zazing'ono.
Habitat
Leopard checko, kapena kambuku owala wa eublefar (Eublepharis macularius) Amagawidwa kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa India, ku Pakistan, kumwera chakum'mawa kwa Afghanistan komanso kum'mawa kwa Iran. Chimakhala m'malo otsetsereka a mapiri otsika, pafupifupi opanda zomera, m'malo owuma komanso osawuma, kumakhala moyo wamadzulo komanso wamadzulo, wobisalira pansi pamiyala ndi m'mapanga m'masiku.
Eublefar: mawonekedwe a checko
Spotted eublefar (Eublepharis macularis) kapena lecard gecko ndi a banja lokwera bwino la Gekkonidae (chubby-footed). Mtundu wamtunduwu womwe banjali lidalandira chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake ndilosavuta kuyendayenda ndikuyenda patsogolo kuposa njira yokhazikika pamakhalidwe. Izi ndichifukwa cha kapangidwe kazinthupi kamene kamasamba komanso zida zapadera pazala zawo.
Spubot eublefar imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe odekha komanso osinthika, omwe amaphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso osalimba. Buluzi amayang'ana dziko ngati kuti limamwetulira mosangalatsa. Osakhala wankhanza, amangozolowera mwini wake ndikuwonetsa zizolowezi zosangalatsa.
Palibe fungo kuchokera kwa iwo, sayambitsa chifuwa. Ziweto zina zimakonda kwambiri munthuyu mpaka amangofunsa zolembera. M'mawa, m'manja mwa anthu ofunda, nalimata amatha. Ndipo zikuwoneka kuti watsala pang'ono kuyeretsa ngati mphaka.
Monga nyama ya terrarium, eublefar ndiyosavuta kwa mabanja omwe ali ndi ana aang'ono. Pankhaniyi, simuyenera kuganiziranso za kununkhira monga kuluma kapena kuvulala kulikonse komwe kwachitika chifukwa cha nyama.
Ngakhale kuti mwachilengedwe ndi nyama zomwe zimapita usiku, mu malo othamangitsa agcko amayamba kuzolowera kudya masana ndipo akuwoneka nthawi zonse.
Mawonekedwe
Kutalika kwa thupi la nalimata kutalika kuchokera 25 mpaka 30 cm, zazikazi ndizocheperako. Mtundu wa kumbuyo ndi wachikaso, imvi kapena chikasu. Mmbali zake ndizopepuka, pafupifupi zoyera. Malo amdima ang'onoang'ono osakhazikika amabalalika kumtunda kwa mutu, pamilomo, kumbuyo ndi mchira. Kuphatikiza apo, mphete ziwiri kapena zitatu zosinthika za mtundu wa lilac nthawi zina zimawonekera pa mchira. Ana amtunduwo ndi utoto wosiyana: pamtundu wonyezimira, wokhala ndi mbewa yoyera, mphete zakuda zakuda zonse zimapita thupi lonse ndi mchira. Mafuta imadziunjikira mchira wa gecko uyu, omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale chilala nthawi yayitali.
Zochita Pachikhalidwe ndi Kubereka
Mtundu wa abuluzi ndi ochezeka, amakhala m'magulu a amuna amodzi ndi akazi angapo. Amuna amateteza gawo lawo kwa amuna anzawo. Eublefara amafika msinkhu wazaka 9 mpaka 12. Nthawi yawo yobereketsa imayamba pambuyo pa kubisala. Dzira limagona pafupifupi masabata atatu mutachira. Pali mazira awiri okha mu clutch, koma kumatha kukhala mpaka timitanda 10 pachaka. Nthawi ya makulidwe imadalira kwambiri kutentha. Moyenerera kutentha, ana amasaka pambuyo masiku 40-65. Kugonana kwa ana amatenga kumatengera kutentha. Kutentha kotsika 26 ° C, ndi akazi okha omwe amawoneka, ndipo kutentha kwambiri kuposa 31.5 ° C amuna kumawonekera pafupipafupi. Mwachilengedwe, kuluma kumachitika kawirikawiri pambuyo pa masiku 90-100. Tizilombo tating'ono tambiri timene timayambira 80 mpaka 85 mm ndi masekeli 2-3 g. Tili ndi mtundu wa bulauni wokhala ndi mikwaso yoyera. Akakwanitsa miyezi 8 amakhala achikulire. Mwachilengedwe, amuna nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka 8-10, akazi osakwatiwa azaka 5-8, komanso akazi omwe amangosamba zaka 3-4 zokha. M'malo otetezeka, moyo wa eublefars umafika zaka 20. Amasinthidwa mosavuta ndipo pakapita nthawi amayamba kusiyanitsa mwiniwake ndi anthu ena.
Habitat
Malo okhala eublefar omwe amawoneka kuchokera ku Afghanistan, Pakistan mpaka kumadzulo kwa India. Buluzi limakonda kukhazikika m'malo amiyala kumapiri ndi kumapiri amchenga, koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka mumchenga wokhazikika. M'malo achipululu, nyama imakhala yosasangalala ndikuyipewa.
Spotted eublefar moyo
Monga ma geckos ambiri, ngwazi yathu imakhala ndi nthawi yamadzulo komanso usiku, ndipo imakhala tsiku lonse m'malo osungirako zinyalala. Kukula kwam'tsogolo m'moyo wake kumawonetsedwa ndi ma eye okwera ndi opindika. Chifukwa chake, musadandaule ngati chiweto sichikuwonetsa ntchito masana, komanso mutagona pogona pokha kapena kukwera padera la terarium, kugona tulo. Ndikayamba kucha, eublefar asankha "kusaka".
M'mikhalidwe yachilengedwe, ma eublefars omwe amawoneka amakhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono omwe amakhala ndi amuna amodzi ndi akazi angapo. Wamphongo amathanyula dera lake kuti lisalowe nawo mpikisano.
Kutalika kwa moyo wamphongo m'chilengedwe ndi zaka 8-10, mwa akazi osakwatiwa ndi zaka 5-8. Akazi, omwe nthawi zonse amaikira mazira, amakhala ndi moyo wochepera - zaka 3-4 zokha.
Ali mu ukapolo, m'malo abwino, eublefar amatha kukhala zaka zoposa 20. Pali nthawi zina pamene abuluziwa anapulumuka mpaka 30!
Momwe mungadyetse eublefar owoneka?
Mwachilengedwe, "nyalugwe" amadyera tizilombo, koma nthawi zina amatha kupindula ndi mtundu wawo, ochepa okha kukula, abale.
Chakudya chomwe amakonda kwambiri cha ma eublefars okhala ndi nyumba ndi ma crickets (ma brownies, nthochi, mawanga awiri). Blkmen cockroach (Shelfordella tartara) yadziwonetsanso kuti ndi chakudya chabwino, chifukwa ndicofewa kwambiri ndipo imaberekana mosavuta, osafunikira malo apadera. Kudya, eublefar ngakhale amazilimbitsa m'maso mwake posangalala.
Amphaka a Marble (Nauphoeta cinerea) ndi Madagascar (Gromphadorhina portentosa) amadya bwino. The worm ufa (Tenebrio molitor) amathanso kuphatikizidwa ndi zakudya za eublefars. Musanatumikire, ndikofunikira kudyetsa tizilombo ndi mitundu yambiri yamafuta, kenako kuwaza ndi mavitamini azinkhanira kapena ufa wa calcium (izi ndizofunikira makamaka kwa akazi nthawi yakubereketsa). Anthu ena amakana mbewa zatsopano, koma nthawi zambiri sayenera kupatsidwa. Musaiwale kuti nalimata amatha kukhalabe wopanda vuto lililonse. Zipatso zosiyanasiyana, zipatso ndi zomerazo sizimadya ma eublefars amtundu.
Kudyetsa nyalugwe wanyani ndikosangalatsa. Ndikofunika kuti mumubweretsere chakudyacho ndi manja ake kapena ndi ma pulasitala: mwanjira iyi nyama yam'madzi imalandira gawo lake ndipo osameza miyala pakusaka, ndipo mudzakhala otsimikiza kuti palibe mapete omwe atha kuthawa ndikukhala ndi moyo wamtchire m'nyumba yanu. Komanso eublefar adzakondwera kulandira zomwe zaperekedwa mwanjira iyi. Kuphatikiza apo, kudyetsa dzanja kumathandizira njira yolipira nyama. "Kusaka" chakudya, nalimata amatuluka pamiyendo yotambasuka ndikugunda mchira wake mwachidule.
M'nyengo yotentha, m'malo obisalako abuluzi, Orthoptera osiyanasiyana ochokera m'mabanja a ziwala (Tettigoniidae) ndi dzombe (Acrididae) atha kugwidwa. Izi zikuyenera kuchotsedwa m'minda yolimapo ndi m'minda, chifukwa tizilombo titha kupha poizoni ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ngati mumadyetsa ziwala, pezani mutu wanu musanadye anthu akuluakulu, chifukwa ziwala zimakhala ndi nsagwada zamphamvu zomwe zitha kuvulaza chiweto chanu.
Eublefarov wamkulu kuposa chaka amadyetsedwa katatu pa sabata. Mchenga wachikulire amatha kudya pafupifupi 5 crickets pachakudya chilichonse.
Njira zodyetsera achinyamata ndizosiyana. Ma geckos ochepa kwambiri osakwana zaka 1 mwezi amadyetsedwa 1-2 patsiku - amafunikira cricket imodzi yokha pakudya kamodzi. Ziphuphu za 1 mpaka 3 zakubadwa zimadyetsedwa kamodzi patsiku - perekani 2 crickets. Pazaka 3 mpaka 6, ma eublefars amadyetsedwa tsiku lililonse - avareji ya ma cicake atatu akulu pakudya. Ndipo kwa nyama kuyambira miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kufikira chaka chokwanira kupereka chakudya kawiri pa sabata kawiri pa kuchuluka kwa ma crickets akulu atatu.
Mu terarium, payenera kukhala wakumwa ndi madzi. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito Petri mbale pankhaniyi, yomwe ili ndi m'mphepete mwake. Madzi amafunika kusinthidwa pafupifupi tsiku lililonse.
Eublefars imatha kusungidwa payekhapayekha komanso awiriawiri. Mulimonse momwe amuna angapo angayikidwe pamalo omwewo - pamenepa, ndewu sizingatheke. Amatha kumenyera gawo la eublefara mpaka kufa kwa m'modzi wa omwe akupikisana nawo. Ziwombankhanga zokha sizomwe zimakhala zolusa, koma zokhazokha, sizimalola alendo. Ngati mukufuna kukhala ndi mchenga wopitilira umodzi, ndibwino kuti mugule wamwamuna mmodzi ndi akazi angapo. Popeza abambo ndi achikondi kwambiri, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisakhalire ndi bwenzi limodzi lokha, koma awiri. Adzawopseza "mkazi" wake yekhayo ndiomwe amamuzunza. Mwa njira, zinthu zina zikakhazikitsidwa, eublefara imaberekanso mosavuta mu ukapolo.
Kwa munthu m'modzi, malo ophatikiza 40x40x40 masentimita ndi okwanira, awiri - 60 × 40 × 40 cm, komanso gulu la abuluzi atatu mpaka asanu ndi awiri - 100 × 40x40 cm. Popeza ma eublefars nthawi zambiri amakhala apadziko lapansi, kutalika kwa malo ojambulidwa amathanso kutsika pang'ono - 35 cm
Bwaloli likulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito galasi osati pulasitiki, chifukwa nyalugwe imadzakukanda ndi zikhadabo zake ndipo pakapita nthawi pulasitiki imakhala yosalimba. Malo ochitira masewerowa amayenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino ndi zitseko zolimba.
Kutentha kuyenera kusungidwa pa 27-31 ° C., ndipo pakona kozizira kwambiri kwa terarium kutentha kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 24 ° C.
Monga zotenthetsera zamoto, nyali yoyipa kapena chingwe chotenthetsera kapena mwala ukhoza kuchitapo kanthu, ngakhale kusankha komwe kuli ndi nyali yotenthetsera ndikofunika.
Chinyezi chachipinda chokhala ndi buluzi chimatha kuyambira 40 mpaka 55%. Zimatheka mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kapena kupaka mbale yomwera mu terarium, yomwe ili ndi malo akulu pansi. Pa molt wa abuluzi chinyezi amafunika kuwonjezera. Kuti muchite izi, ndikukwanira kuyika zigundana zowirikiza katatu mu terarium. Nyama nthawi zina zimagona kuti zilowerere khungu lakale.
Chofunika kwambiri pazomwe zili ndi eublefar owoneka. Onetsetsani kuti mukuyika nyali ya ultraviolet (mwachitsanzo, Hagen "Repti Glo 5.0").
Popeza eublefar ndi mtundu wa usiku wa nalimata, masana adzafunika pogona. Mwakutero, zidutswa zokhazikika bwino zamakungwa, miyala, machubu a bamboo ndizoyenera. Komanso chipinda chinyezi chimatha kukhala pothaŵirapo - mwachitsanzo, mphika wouma wokhala ndi chivindikiro kapena chidebe cha chakudya, khoma lomwe muyenera kubowola stroke chifukwa cha buluzi wanu.
Eublefara nthawi ndi nthawi molt. Poyamba amayamba kuzimiririka, kenako kuyeretsedwa kwathunthu. Mutu utasanduka zoyera mpaka kumapeto kwa mphuno, buluzi umayamba kusenda khungu lokhalo lomwe, pomwe limayamba kuwoneka loyera komanso lowala. Njira yonse yosungunuka imatha kutenga maola awiri ndi atatu. Kukhetsa kumachita bwino chinyezi chambiri. Ngati chinyezi ku terarium sichiri chokwanira mokwanira, kuyerekezera mulibe bwino (mchira, thupi ndi zala), ndipo izi ndizowopsa. Khungu latsalalo, lomwe likauma, ndikalumikizidwa pamodzi, limatha kupangitsa kuti nyamayo iphedwe. Ngati ngakhale tinthu tating'onoting'ono tachikulire tating'onoting'ono tikhalabe, muyenera kulowererapo ndi woyendetsa tchire, zilowerereninso zotsalira za khungu lakale ndi swab ndikuchichotsa. Pafupifupi masiku 25 aliwonse.
Nyumba ya eublefara ikhoza kukongoletsedwa ndi zomera zamoyo - izithandizanso kuti ikhale chinyezi.
Kusankhidwa kwa dothi kuyeneranso kuonedwa mozama - mchenga suyenera kuchita izi, popeza fumbi, kugwa limodzi ndi mchenga, zimatha kubweretsa zovuta mu kupuma komanso kugaya chakudya kwa buluzi. Zokongoletsera zabwino sizigwira ntchito konse - eublefars nthawi zonse imameza miyala yaying'ono. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yayikulu kwambiri yomwe nalimata sakanameza. Pansi pa malo ogwiritsira ntchito malo, mutha kuyikanso udzu wotsitsa pulasitiki.
Ikani mwala umodzi waukulu ndipo, ngati kuli kotheka, mukakokore mitengo. Pa mwala womwe unawotcha masana, abuluzi amadzitenthesa usiku, ndipo amawasisita pachiwuno nthawi yakusungunuka. Siyani chimangacho ndi khungwa, chifukwa ma eublefars ali olunjika, popanda ma plates zala zokulirapo ndi zikhadabo zomwe sizimalola kukwera pamalo oterera. Pofuna kupewetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso kutulutsa matenda opatsirana, santhani msomali ndi madzi otentha ndikuwathandiza ndi potaziyamu ya potanganamu. Ngati kunja kulibe kutentha kokwanira, ma geckos amakwera pa snag pafupi ndi babu.
Ma Eublefars ndi nyama zoyera, amasankha imodzi mwamakona amtundu wa chimbudzi ndipo amapitako pafupipafupi, zomwe, mwachidziwikire, zimapangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta kwa malo a terarium. Potsuka, ndikokwanira kuyika miyala yoyipa m'malo ano ndi yatsopano.