Kangaroo (lat. Masoramu) ndi dzina lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu la nyama zomwe zimakhala mgulu lanyama za marsupial bimsves. Mwanjira yayikulu, mawuwa amatanthauza oyimira onse a banja la Kangaroo. Tanthauzo lochepa la dzinalo limagwira ntchito kwa oimira banja lalikulu kwambiri, chifukwa nyama zazing'ono kwambiri zimatchedwa - wallaby ndi wallara.

Kulongosola kwa Kangaroo

Mawu oti "kangaroo" adachokera ku mayina "kanguroo" kapena "gangurru". Izi ndi zomwe aborigine aku Australia, omwe amadziwa chilankhulo cha Kuuku-Yimitir, amatchedwa nyama yokhala ndi thupi lopatsa chidwi. Pakadali pano, kangaroo ndi chizindikiro chosavomerezeka ku Australia, choimiridwa ndi chizindikiro cha dziko.

Mawonekedwe

Kutengera ndi mtunduwo, kutalika kwa thupi la oimira banja la Kangaroo kumatha kusiyanasiyana - kuchokera kotala mpaka mita imodzi ndi theka, ndipo kulemera kwake ndi 18-100 kg. Pakadali pano, nyama zazikulu kwambiri zamtunduwu zamtunduwu zimayimiriridwa ndi nzika zambiri zaku Australia - the red lalikulu kangaroo, ndipo kulemera kwakukulu ndizodziwika kwa kangaroo chakum'mawa. Ubweya wa nyama yosaoneka ngati iyi ndi wakuda komanso yofewa, yakuda, imvi komanso yofiira pamtundu kapena imaperekedwa mumtundu wawo.

Ndizosangalatsa! Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kapadera ka thupi, nyamayo imatha kudzitchinjiriza ndi kukwapula kwamphamvu ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, komanso kuyenda mwachangu pogwiritsa ntchito mchira wautali ngati mkondo.

Kangaroo ali ndi thupi lopanda kukula komanso amakhala ndi mutu wochepa. Kupukutira kwa nyama kumatha kutalika kapena kufupikitsidwa. Komanso mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kameneka ndi monga mapewa opapatiza, mafupiafupifupi ndi ofooka, opanda tsitsi, komanso zala zisanu zokhala ndi zikhadabo zakuthwa komanso zazitali. Zala zimadziwika ndi kusuntha bwino, kotero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyama kuti zizigwira zinthu ndikuphatikiza tsitsi, komanso nthawi ya chakudya.

Gawo lakumunsi la kangaroo limapangidwa bwino kwambiri ndipo limayimiriridwa ndi miyendo yakumbuyo yamphamvu yolimba, mchira wamtali wokulira, m'chiuno cholimba ndi miyendo yolimba ndi zala zinai. Kugwirizana kwa chala chachiwiri ndi chachitatu kumachitika ndi nembanemba wapadera, ndipo chala chachinayi chimakhala ndi chovala cholimba.

Makhalidwe ndi machitidwe

Nyama yokhala ndi marsupial imakonda moyo wamadzulo, chifukwa chake nthawi yamadzulo imayamba kupita kubusa. Masana, kangaroo imapuma mumthunzi pansi pamitengo, m'malo otetezeka kapena zisa zamtchire. Pakachitika zoopsa, anthu okhala pabanja amatumiza ma alarm kwa anthu ena omwe amakhala nawo ndikumenya mwamphamvu pansi. Pofuna kufalitsa chidziwitso, phokoso limagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zambiri, kuyimiriridwa ndi kukukuta, kuseka, kuwonekera ndikumangula.

Ndizosangalatsa! Kwa okwatirana, kudzipatulira kwenikweni kudera linalake kuli ndi mawonekedwe, choncho sakonda kuzisiyira popanda zifukwa zapadera. Kupatulako ndi kangaroo akuluakulu ofiira, omwe amaphimba mosavuta makilomita kufunafuna malo opindulitsa kwambiri.

M'madera okhala ndi malo abwino okhala, kuphatikiza malo abwino owundira komanso kusowa kwa zoopsa, anthu okhala pabanja amatha kupanga magulu ambiri okhala ndi anthu pafupifupi zana. Komabe, monga lamulo, nthumwi zoterezi zolengedwa zoyamwitsa zimakhala m'malo ochepa momwe zimakhala zazimuna, komanso zazikazi zingapo ndi kangaroo. Gulu la nkhosalo limatetezedwa mwachimphamvu ndi zazimuna zazimuna zilizonse, chifukwa cha izi kumenyedwa koopsa.

Ndi kangaroo angati omwe amakhala

Kutalika kwa moyo wa kangaroo zimatengera mwatsatanetsatane mitundu ya nyama zotere, komanso malo azachilengedwe kapena ukapolo. Mtundu wautali kwambiri ndi Great Red Kangaroo (Macrorus rufus). Oimira zowoneka bwino motere agulugufe amtundu wa anyani ammadzi amatha kukhala ndi moyo zaka pafupifupi zana limodzi.

Mtundu wachiwiri malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zaka zomwe munthu amakhala ndi moyo ndi Gray Eastern Kangaroo (Macrorus giganteus), yemwe amakhala mu ukapolo pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri, komanso kuthengo - pafupifupi zaka 8-12. Ma kangaroos a Grey Western (Macrorus fuliginosus) ali ndi moyo wofanana.

Mitundu ya Kangaroo

Pali mitundu yoposa isanu ya banja la kangaroo, koma mitundu ikuluikulu komanso yayikulu yokha ndiomwe imadziwika kuti ndi kangaroos.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri imayimiridwa:

• Great Red Kangaroo (Macrorus rufus) - wamkulu motalika koposa woyimira marsupials. Kutalika kwa thupi la munthu wamkulu ndi mamita awiri, ndipo mchirawo ndi wopitilira mita imodzi. Kulemera kwa thupi kwamphongo kumafika pa 80-85 makilogalamu, ndipo akazi - 33-35 kg,
• Gray Gray Kangaroo - choyimira chovuta kwambiri cha nyama zam'madzi. Kulemera kwakukulu kumafikira kilogalamu zana limodzi ndi kukula kwa makulidwe - 170 cm,
• Mountain Kangaroo (Vallaru) - nyama zazikulu zokhala ndi squat physique yokhala ndi mapewa otambalala ndi miyendo yayifupi yazifupi. Mumphuno mulibe chovala, ndipo gawo la paws ndilowola, lomwe limathandizira kwambiri kuyenda m'malo ammapiri,
• Woodanda kangaroo - Pakadali pano, oimira okha a banja la Kangaroo omwe amakhala pamitengo. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama yoteroyo kupitirira theka la mita. Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi kupezeka kwa malamba osakhazikika pamiyendo ndi ubweya wonenepa kwambiri, womwe suthandizira kukwera mitengo kokha, komanso umatsekereza nyama masamba.

Ndizosangalatsa! Oimira mitundu yonse ya kangaroo ali ndi makutu abwino, ndipo "ndikunyamula" makutu ngati amphaka, amatha kugwira phokoso ngakhale chete. Ngakhale kuti anthu akwawo sangathenso kubwerera, ndiwosambira kwambiri.

Wallaby ndi amodzi mwa ang'ono akulu kwambiri a kangaroos. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa munthu wamkulu, monga lamulo, sikudutsa theka la mita, ndipo kulemera kocheperako kwa wallaby ya akazi ndi kilogalamu imodzi yokha. Maonekedwe, nyama zotere zimawoneka ngati khoswe wamba, yemwe ali ndi mchira wamaliseche komanso wautali.

Habitat, malo okhala

Malo okhala kangaroo akhazikitsidwa ndi gawo la Australia ndi Tasmania, New Guinea ndi zisumbu za Bismarck. Komanso anthu ochokera ku Marsitual adabwera ku New Zealand. Kangaroos nthawi zambiri amakhala pafupi ndi nyumba za anthu. Malo okhala ngati amenewa amapezeka mosavuta kunja kwa mizinda yayikulu kwambiri komanso yokhala anthu ambiri, komanso pafupi ndi minda.

Monga momwe ziwonetsero zikuwonekera, gawo lalikulu la nyamazo ndi nyama zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimakhala m'malo athyathyathya, okhala ndi udzu wandiweyani komanso zitsamba. Ziphuphu zonse za mitengo zimatha kusinthana ndi mitengo, ndipo makoma a mapiri (Retrogale) amakhala m'malo amiyala.

Zakudya za Kangaroo

Kangaroos amadya zakudya zam'mera zokha. Zakudya zawo zazikulu tsiku ndi tsiku zimaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera, kuphatikizapo udzu, clover ndi nyemba, maluwa otulutsa miyendo, masamba a bulugamu ndi mthethe, ma liisi ndi ferns. Marsupials amadyanso mizu ya chomera ndi ma tubers, zipatso ndi zipatso. Kwa mitundu ina, kudya mphutsi kapena tizilombo.

Asayansi awona kuti abambo akuluakulu a kangaroo amadya pafupifupi ola limodzi kuposa zazikazi. Komabe, ndizakudya zazikazi zomwe zimayimiriridwa ndi chakudya chama protein ambiri, chomwe chimakhudza bwino mkaka womwe amapangidwa kuti udyetse ana.

Ndizosangalatsa! Makina okhala ku malo osanja ndi othandiza, motero, amatha kuzolowera kwambiri zovuta zakunja, kuphatikiza kusowa kwa chakudya. Potere, nyama zimatha kusinthira mosavuta ku mitundu ina yazakudyetsa, kuphatikiza ndi mbewu zomwe sizigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chakudya ngakhale ndi oimira osavomerezeka komanso osatetezeka a fauna.

Adani achilengedwe

Mwachilengedwe, kangaroo wamkulu amadya kamodzi patsiku, madzulo, dzuwa litalowa, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri ngozi yokumana mwadzidzidzi ndi adani ambiri achilengedwe. Kuwonongeka kwa kuchuluka kwa marsupial kumachitika chifukwa cha agalu amtchire amtchire, komanso nkhandwe ndi mbalame zina zazikulu zodyedwa.

Kangaroo ndi bambo

Kangaroos nthawi zambiri amaikidwa ndi ofalitsa ngati chizindikiro cha ku Australia, koma zolengedwa zoterezi zimatha kuvulaza anthu. Zowona, chiopsezo cha kangaroo yayikulu kumenyera anthu ndichotsika kwambiri, ndipo, monga momwe amasonyezera, odwala ochepa omwe amalandidwa chifukwa chogundana ndi kangaroo kupita kwa madokotala chaka chilichonse.

Zotsatirazi zimachitika motere:

• kuchuluka kwa anthu payekha, njira yosuntha kapena gulu lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi zinthu zakunja,
• kutayika kwa nyama chifukwa cha kulumikizana ndi anthu pafupipafupi,
• kuona munthu ngati mnzake kapena kungodziopseza nokha komanso kubereka ana,
• Nyamayo yawonongeka kapena yavulala
• bambo amatenga mwana kuchokera kwa mkazi
• wozolowera monga kangapoo chokondera choyambirira poyamba amakhala ndi mikhalidwe yoipa kwambiri.

Pakuukira munthu, kangaroo imatha kumenyana ndi miyendo yake yakutsogolo kapena kugunda ndi miyendo yake yakumbuyo, pogwiritsa ntchito mchira ngati thandizo. Kuvulala kochitidwa ndi nyama zam'madzi ndizovuta kwambiri komanso kowopsa.

Kubala ndi kubereka

Kutha kubereka kumawonekera mwa anthu azaka chimodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri ndipo kumatenga pafupifupi zaka khumi mpaka khumi ndi zisanu. Kangaroos zimaswana kamodzi pachaka, koma nyengo yeniyeni kapena yodziwika m'mabanja sapezeka konse. Mimba mwa oimira dongosolo la anyani a marsupial bivalves ndi yochepa kwambiri ndipo imasiyana mkati mwa masiku 27 mpaka 40, pambuyo pake imodzi, nthawi zina kangaroo amabadwa.

Mitundu ya Macrous rufus imadziwika ndi kubadwa kwa ana atatu. Ana obadwa kumene a kangaroo obadwa kumene amakhala ndi thupi lotalika pafupifupi 2,5. Akazi amaswa ana awo m'matumba kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mpaka isanu ndi itatu.

Ndizosangalatsa! M'mabanja ambiri, kukhazikika kwa mluza kumachedwetsedwa. Akhungu komanso ang'ono kukula, kangaroo, atabadwa, amangozilowa mkathumba mwa amayi ake, pomwe amakula masiku 120-00.

Kukwatirana kwatsopano mu nyama kumachitika patadutsa masiku angapo mwana atabadwa, komanso mu marsh wallaby - kutatsala tsiku limodzi kuti mwana abadwe. Mwanjira iyi, mluza umakhalabe m'mimba mpaka kengurenok wakale utakula kapena wamwalira. Kuyambira pakadali pano, mwana yemwe ali m'mimba mwa mayiyo amayamba kugwira ntchito mwachangu. Pamaso pamikhalidwe yabwino kwambiri, khanda lobadwa chatsopano limabadwa mwana akangaroo wamkulu atangotuluka m'thumba la mayiyo.

Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu

Mitundu yayikulu ilibe chiopsezo chachikulu cha kutha, koma kuchuluka kwazinyama zam'madzi zoterezi zikuchepa kwambiri, chifukwa cha chitukuko mwachangu cha ulimi, kutayika kwa malo achilengedwe, komanso moto ndi kusaka.

Oyimira mabungwe amtundu wa Kum'mawa ndi Western Grey Kangaroo Otetezedwa ndi Lamulo la Australia. Malo okhala nyama zakuthengo ndi nkhani ya kuwombera, komwe kumachitika ndi cholinga chofuna kuchotsa zikopa ndi nyama, komanso kuteteza malo odyetserako ziweto.

Nyama ya marsupials yotereyi imawonedwa ngati yofunika kwambiri kwa thupi la munthu, chifukwa cha mafuta ake ochepa. Pakadali pano, malo otetezedwa a kangaroo: amayambitsa ngozi yochepera.