Ngakhale ma penguin amenewa amatchedwa "akulu", sangatchulidwe kuti ndi akulu.

Ndipo ngati mungayerekeze ndi Emperor penguin, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 120 ndipo kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 30, ndiye kuti zitha kuwoneka kocheperako. Kupatula apo, kukula kwa penguinyu ndi masentimita 55 okha, ndipo kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4.

Zikuwoneka kuti, chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa dzina ndi mawonekedwe a penguin uyu, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Wopanda golide Wosuta. Dzina lina ndi la potiin losokonekera. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa zachilengedwe ku zisumbu za Snar Islands. Ma penguins amenewa amakhalanso kuno, m malo ochepa, komwe sikupita ma kilomita 3.3.

Great Penguin (Eudyptes robustus).

Koma ngakhale malowa ndi ochepa, koma ali ndi zabwino zambiri kwa okhalamo. Poyamba, palibe ogwirira. Kachiwiri, zitsamba zambiri ndi mitengo zimamera pansi pomwe ma penguins amatha kupotoza zisa. Chosadabwitsa ndichakuti zisumbuzi ndi malo osungira nyama zam'madzi, motero palibe chilichonse chomwe munthu angachite pa moyo wa ma penguin. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa akatswiri a sayansi ya zachilengedwe mdera laling'ono ili, magulu atatu a zipilala 30,000 za ma penguin amtunduwu.

Big Penguin: kuphatikiza kokongola kwa mkombero wakuda wokhala ndi nsidze zachikaso.

Chowoneka mosiyana ndi penguin wamkulu ndizovala zachikasu zomwe zili pamwamba pa maso ake. Monga mitundu ina ya penguin, kumbuyo kwake, mutu, mapiko ndi mchira wake ndi wakuda ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi loyera. Snarsky penguin ali ndi mlomo wamphamvu kwambiri, womwe maziko ake ndi oyera kapena ofiira. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa penguin ya njoka ndi penguin yaku Victoria, popeza yoyamba ili ndi masaya akuda ndipo yachiwiri ili ndi nthenga zoyera zikamera pa iwo. Amphongo ndi zazikazi zakunja sizimasiyana, kupatula kuti zazimuna ndizokwera pang'ono komanso zolemera.

Chifukwa cha nsidze, mbalameyi imawoneka yoposa izi.

Khalidwe la ma penguin amenewa ndizosangalatsa kuwona, chifukwa ndizoseketsa kwambiri, komanso ngakhale akakhala ankhanza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati penguin itaona mlendo osakhudzidwa m'deralo, ndiye kuti imatambasulira mapiko ake, ndikuyamba kuyenda, ndipo zonsezi zimatsatiridwa ndi grind. Chifukwa chake, njoka zam'mimba zimayesa kuwopseza mdani. Nthawi zina, amachita zomwezo osamveka, mwina akuwoneka kuti akuwoneka woipitsitsa.

Ndipo poyerekeza ndi anzawo, ma penguins opakapika a snarie ndi aulemu kwambiri. Pobwerera kuchokera podyetsa, ayambitsana wina ndi mnzake, wamkazi ndiye woyamba, ndipo wamwamuna amayankha mauta ake. Ngati mnzakeyo sanakhale kwina kwina kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye, atabwerako, amachita miyambo ina: amayang'ana m'maso mwa mkaziyo, kenako n'kupukusa mutu wake ndikulira kwambiri, kwinaku akutambasulira mlomo. Akazi poyankha amangobwereza zomwe amachita. Zikuoneka kuti mwanjira imeneyi amazindikira okwatirana wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo ngati othandizira akusowa kwambiri, ndiye kuti amafupikitsa mwambowo ndikuwombera nthawi yomweyo.

Kuchokera pamakona awa, penguin amakhala ngati mbalame yeniyeni.

Amuna, ngakhale akutsitsa wosankhidwa wawo, atambasulidwa kutalika kwathunthu, amalowetsa mawere awo, natambasula mapiko awo, mwakutero kuyesera kudziphatikiza mapaundi ndi masentimita ena. Malingaliro awo, iyi ndi njira yomwe amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wokondweretsa wamkazi.

Mverani mawu a penguin wamkulu

https://animalreader.ru/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/velikolepnij-pingvin-megadyptes-antipode.mp3
Ma penguin akuluakulu amakonzekeretsa zisa zawo pansi. Kuti achite izi, choyamba amakumba bowo laling'ono, kenako ndikungoloza pansi pake ndi nthambi zazing'ono. Wamkazi amayikira mazira awiri, ndipo amachita izi kwa masiku atatu. Dzira loyamba ndi laling'ono poyerekeza lachiwiri. Makolo onse awiri amawakwatula. Pomwe mmodzi wawo amawotcha osoka, wachiwiri am'bweretsera chakudya. Ma penguin amabadwa masiku 32-35. Komabe, m'modzi mwa anawo, mwatsoka, adzatayidwa kuti adzafe chifukwa cha nyengo yoipa.

"Maphunziro a maphunziro" am'badwo wachichepere.

Mwana yemwe watsala, atakwanitsa zaka 2,5, amatumizidwa nthawi yoyamba ndi makolo ake kunyanja, komwe amaphunzira kuti apeze yekha chakudya - nsomba, squid yaying'ono ndi krill. Pano, amakhalanso pachiwopsezo, mwachitsanzo, mumachitidwe amsonkhano ndi mkango wapanyanja waku New Zealand, zotulukapo zake zomwe penguin imatha kupha. Koma ndizolimbikitsa kuti ma penguin opaka golide ndiwosambira kwambiri ndipo amatha kungosambira kuchoka pachiwopsezo chomwe chili m'chifanizo cha mdani uyu.

Ngati mwapeza cholakwika, chonde sankhani gawo ndikusindikiza Ctrl + Lowani.

Kufotokozera

Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 48-62. Kulemera kumasiyana kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 3.4 kg. Zomera zazikulu kwambiri zimafika pamtunda wa 4.5 kg. Madzimadzi ndiopanda madzi. Nthenga zimafikira masentimita 2.5-2.9. Kumbuyo kwa nthumwi zamtunduwu ndi kwamtambo wamtambo wakuda, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zimakhala zoyera ndi pang'ono kachikasu. Mutu ndi wakuda.

Mlomo ndi waufupi ndipo uli ndi mtundu wofiirira. Maso ndi ochepa komanso ofiira, miyendo yake ndi yapinki, kumbuyo kwa thupi. Mapikowo ndi opapatiza ndipo amafanana ndi zipsepse. Chochititsa chidwi mwa mbalamezi ndi nthenga zazitali zazitali pamitu yawo. Amatambasuka kuchokera pamlomo ndi kutha ndi maburashi kumbuyo kwa maso. Mtundu wawo ndi wachikasu, nthawi zina wachikasu.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Mtunduwu umakhala zisa m'magulu akuluakulu, omwe amatha zisa 100,000. Maanja okwatirana. Nyengo ya kuswana imagwera pa Seputembara - mwezi wa Novembala. Mu clutch pali mazira awiri aakulu osiyana. Mwana wankhuku, monga lamulo, imapulumuka dzira lalikulu.

Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga masiku 33. Wamkazi ndi wamkazi amaikira mazira. M'matumbo am'munsi mwa ma penguin ophatikizika pali malo a khungu opanda nthenga. Amapereka kutentha kutuluka kuchokera mthupi kupita ku mazira. Atadulidwa, yamphongo imakhalabe ndi mbewu masiku 25 oyambirira, ndipo mkaziyo amapeza chakudya ndikudzipatsa chakudya. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, nkhuku zimaphatikizidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a "nazale". Amakhala pamenepo mpaka atakula bwino.

Pambuyo poswana, mbalame zachikulire zimadziunjikira nkhokwe zamafuta ndikukonzekera kusungunuka kwapachaka. Zimatenga masiku 25. Munthawi imeneyi, nthumwi za mitunduyi zimasinthiratu masanjidwe ake. Atasungunuka, amachoka pamtunda ndikupita kunyanja kwa miyezi yozizira. Amabwereranso m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuti ayambenso kubereka. Kutchire, penguin wokhalamo amakhala zaka 10-12.

Kukhala Ndi Khalidwe Labwino

Chochititsa chidwi ndi nthumwi za mitunduyi ndikuti, kuthana ndi zopinga, sizimayenda pamimba pawo ndipo sizimatuluka mothandizidwa ndi mapiko, monga ma penguin ena. Amayesa kudumphira pamwala ndi ming'alu. Amasinthidwa mwangwiro. Ali ndi matupi oyenda ndi mapiko olimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala othamanga. Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi krill komanso crustaceans ena. Amphaka, octopus, nsomba zimadyedwanso. Kuumba nyama mgodi, kumatha kulowa pansi mpaka mamita 100.

Penguin wabuluu

Penguin ya buluu imatchedwanso yaying'ono, chifukwa ndi yaying'ono kwambiri ndipo, kuphatikiza, ndiimodzi mwamitundu yambiri. Amadziwikanso kuti “penguin”, mwina chifukwa cha buluu kumbuyo kwake. Ma penguins ang'onoang'ono adasankha New Zealand ndi gombe la South Australia kukhala malo awo.

Kukula kwa penguin kumeneku kumachokera masentimita 40. Mwanayo amalemera pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi. Ma penguins ang'onoang'ono amapanga zisa zawo m'mapanga kapena m'mingala. Amakonda kukonza magawo a ma penguin: ma penguin ang'ono atuluka m'madzi dzuwa litalowa, amapanga magulu a 10 mpaka 40 ndikuguba ndikupanga zisa zawo, akufuulira abale ndi ana. Ma penguins abuluu ndiowona kwambiri - ndi wokondedwa wawo wosankhidwa amatha kukhala limodzi mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo.

Amadziwikanso kuti penguin yaying'ono yakumpoto, popeza ndi malo otchuka kwambiri a penguin. Amasiyana ndi mitundu ina m'miyala yoyera kuchokera kumapeto onse awiri a mapiko.

Ma penguins okhala ndi mapiko oyera amakhala kudera la Canterbury ku New Zealand. Ogwira ntchito kwambiri usiku, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya penguin. Onse amapita limodzi kukasambira munyanja, koma pokhapokha kukada. Pofunafuna chakudya, amatha kuyenda makilomita 75 kuchokera pagombe.

Crested Penguin

Komanso miyala yamiyala, mwala kapena Rockhopper. Uku ndi "kuwumitsa miyendo yambiri pamiyala," chifukwa njira yake yokhalira m'madzi ndikudumphira m'mphepete ndi "msirikali," pomwe ma penguins ena amathawira.

Mwamuna wokongola uyu amakhala m'malo ambiri a zilumba zotentha za Nyanja Yakumwera. Mutu wake wakongoletsedwa ndi nthenga zokongola zachikaso. Koma mkwiyo wa mwala penguin ndiwowopsa - akapsa mtima, amapanga phokoso lalikulu ngakhale kuwukira.

Adelie penguin amamanga chisa chake kuchokera ku timiyala tating'ono tomwe timabera anthu oyandikana nawo. Imakhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Antarctica ndi zilumba zapafupi.

M'nyengo yozizira, ma penguins a Adélie amakhala pamadzi oundana omwe amayandama pafupifupi makilomita 700 kuchokera pagombe, komanso mu chisa cha chilimwe polar kuzilumba pafupi ndi Antarctica. Kumayambiriro kwa nesting, kutentha kwa mpweya kumatha kufika -40 ° C.

Antarctic kapena South Penguin

Wachibale wa ma penguins a Adelie. Ndi ochepa kwambiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina - kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe amafikira awiriawiri ndi 7.5. Chowoneka mosiyana ndi penguin ya Antarctic ndi chingwe chakuda pakhosi kuyambira khutu mpaka khutu ndi chophimba chakuda kumutu.

Ndizosambira modabwitsa, zomwe zimatsamira mpaka pansi mpaka mamita 250, komanso zimasambira mtunda wamakilomita 1000 kulowa munyanja. Habitat - Zilumba za Antarctic ndi subantarctic.

Galapagos Penguin

Chosiyanitsa ndi ma penguins a Galapagos ndi malo awo okhala. Ndipo amakhala ku zilumba zotentha za Galapagos, komwe kutentha kumafikira 28 ° C, ndipo kutentha kwa madzi ndi 24 ° C. Ndiwo mtundu wokhawo wa penguin womwe umakhala m'malo otentha.

Ma penguins amenewa amakhala ndi mutu wakuda, ndipo mzere Woyera umayambira kuchokera kumaso mpaka m'khosi. Pansi pa mulomo ndi khungu kuzungulira maso ndi pinki ndi chikaso. Pali ma penguin ochepa kwambiri a Galapagos - pafupifupi 6,000 awiriawiri. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, Penguin iyi imakhala ndi adani ambiri chifukwa chachitali komanso malo okhalamo.

Penguin wokhala ndi tsitsi kapena wagolide wagolide ndi wofanana ndi penguin wokonzedwayo, koma nthenga zachikasu zagolide wagolide pamutu zimakhala zowonjezereka. Dzina lachi Ngerezi la mtunduwu limamasulira kuti penguin dandy. Ma areola a malo awo okhala ndi ochulukirapo ndipo ali ndi malo pafupifupi 200.

Chochititsa chidwi, kulemera kwa thupi la penguin wachikulire kumasiyana pafupifupi kawiri pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka komanso kutengera nthawi yomwe akusungunuka komanso kubereka. Zigawo za penguin wokhala ndi tsitsi lalitali ndizokulirapo - mpaka mbalame miliyoni 2,5. Izi ndi mitundu yambiri - awiriawiri miliyoni 11.5.

Mtunduwu ndi wa banja la ma penguin ndipo umaphatikizidwa ndi ma penguin a genus. Penguin wodziwika amakhala kumpoto kwenikweni kwa dera laling'ono. Mbalamezi zimakhala pachilumba cha Falkland, pachilumba cha Tierra del Fuego, kugombe lakumwera kwa South America, pa zilumba za Auckland, kuzilumba za Antipode. Malo okongola ndi malo amiyala pafupi ndi malo osungira madzi oyera ndi magwero ena amadzi achilengedwe. Mtunduwu wagawidwa m'magulu awiri.

Malo osungira

Chiwerengero cha ma penguin osokonekera chikucheperachepera chaka ndi chaka. Zaka 30 zapitazi, yagwa ndi 34%. Mu Zilumba za Falkland pazaka 60 zapitazi, chiwerengero chatsika ndi 90%. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi kukula kwa zokopa alendo ndi kuwononga chilengedwe. Kugulitsa ma squid am'madzi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma penguin awa. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu umakhala ndi nkhawa.

Ngakhale ma penguin amenewa amatchedwa "akulu", sangatchulidwe kuti ndi akulu.

Ndipo ngati mungayerekeze ndi Emperor penguin, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 120 ndipo kulemera kwake ndi makilogalamu 30, ndiye kuti zitha kuwoneka kocheperako. Kupatula apo, kukula kwa penguinyu ndi masentimita 55 okha, ndipo kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi ma kilogalamu 4.

Zikuwoneka kuti chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa dzina ndi mawonekedwe a penguin uyu, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa Wopanda golide Wosuta. Dzina lina ndi la potiin losokonekera. Zonsezi zikuwonetsa kuti ndi mtundu wanji wa zachilengedwe ku zisumbu za Snar Islands. Ma penguins amenewa amakhalanso kuno, mdera laling'ono, dera lomwe simapitilira ma 3.3 kilometres.

Koma ngakhale malowa ndi ochepa, koma ali ndi zabwino zambiri kwa okhalamo. Poyamba, palibe ogwirira. Kachiwiri, zitsamba zambiri ndi mitengo zimamera pansi pomwe ma penguins amatha kupotoza zisa. Chosadabwitsa ndichakuti zisumbuzi ndi malo osungira nyama zam'madzi, motero palibe chilichonse chomwe munthu angachite pa moyo wa ma penguin. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa akatswiri a sayansi ya chilengedwe m'dera laling'ono ili, magulu atatu a zipilala 30,000 za ma penguin amtunduwu.

Big Penguin: kuphatikiza kokongola kwa mkombero wakuda wokhala ndi nsidze zachikaso.

Chowoneka mosiyana ndi penguin wamkulu ndizovala zachikasu zomwe zili pamwamba pa maso ake. Monga mitundu ina ya penguin, kumbuyo kwake, mutu, mapiko ndi mchira wake ndi wakuda ndipo m'mimba mwake ndi loyera. Snarsky penguin ali ndi mlomo wamphamvu kwambiri, womwe maziko ake ndi oyera kapena ofiira. Ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa penguin ya snarie ndi penguin yaku Victoria, popeza yoyamba ili ndi masaya akuda, ndipo yachiwiri ili ndi nthenga zoyera zikamera pa iwo. Amphongo ndi zazikazi zakunja sizimasiyana, kupatula kuti zazimuna ndizokwera pang'ono komanso zolemera.

Khalidwe la ma penguin amenewa ndizosangalatsa kuwona, chifukwa ndizoseketsa kwambiri, komanso ngakhale akakhala ankhanza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati penguin itaona mlendo osakhudzidwa m'deralo, ndiye kuti imatambasulira mapiko ake, ndikuyamba kuyenda, ndipo zonsezi zimatsatiridwa ndi grind. Chifukwa chake, njoka zam'mimba zimayesa kuwopseza mdani. Nthawi zina, amachita zomwezo osamveka, mwina akuwoneka kuti akuwoneka woipitsitsa.

Ndipo poyerekeza ndi anzawo, ma penguins opakapika a snarie ndi aulemu kwambiri. Pobwerera kuchokera podyetsa, ayambitsana wina ndi mnzake, wamkazi ndiye woyamba, ndipo wamwamuna amayankha mauta ake. Ngati mnzakeyo sanakhale kwina kwina kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye, atabwerako, amachita miyambo ina: amayang'ana m'maso mwa mkaziyo, kenako n'kupukusa mutu wake ndikulira kwambiri, kwinaku akutambasulira mlomo. Akazi poyankha amangobwereza zomwe amachita. Zikuoneka kuti mwanjira imeneyi amazindikira okwatirana wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo ngati othandizira akusowa kwambiri, ndiye kuti amafupikitsa mwambowo ndikuwombera nthawi yomweyo.

Amuna, akamagwira osankhidwa awo, atambasulidwa kutalika kwawo, amalowetsa mawere awo, natambasula mapiko awo, mwakutero kuyesera kudziphatikiza mapaundi ndi masentimita ena. Malingaliro awo, iyi ndi njira yomwe amakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wokondweretsa wamkazi.

Kodi ma penguins akuluakulu amakakhala kuti?

Ma penguins okongola mwachilengedwe amapezeka pafupi ndi New Zealand ndi Australia. Amakonda kukonza zisa zawo ku Antipode, Auckland ndi Campbell. M'miyezi yozizira, samasiya madzi ozizira a Antarctic.

Wampaka m'miyala yayikulu pamodzi ndi mitundu ina ya ma penguin opaka. Zilumbazi, zomwe zimasankhidwa ndi mbalame pamtunda, ndiz miyala, pali m'mapanga ambiri m'matanthwe oyenera kumanga zisa za penguin. Ndi m'mapanga oterowo pomwe makolo amaso amtsogolo amapanga mosamala malo oti akhazikitse ana.

Molting

Mphindi yosangalatsa m'miyoyo ya ma penguin ikuyenda bwino, izi zimachitika kwambiri, ndipo akukonzekera mu February. Anapiye atachoka chisa, mbalame zachikulire zimasweka ndikupita kukanenepa pamaso pa molt mu nyanja kwa mwezi wathunthu. Pambuyo pa nthawi imeneyi, mabanja amakhalanso osakanikirana, izi zimabweretsa kumasewera a mating. Pakadali pano, molt weniweni amayamba, womwe umatenga masiku 28. Ndi ma penguins pa molting amakhala osagwirizana ndipo amakhala nthawi yonse pafupi ndi chisa. Pakati pa Epulo, kukonzanso nthenga kumalizidwa, ndipo ma penguins amapita kunyanja.

Kodi amalankhula bwanji?

Ma penguin ndi mbalame, komanso zam'mlengalenga. Amayi awa amanenepa amadziwa kuyimba, makamaka nthawi ya chibwenzi cha akazi, ngati, mwanjira iyi, "serenade" iyi ikhoza kutchedwa nyimbo. Mawu a anyani akufuula m'malo mofuula. Masewera awo okhathamira amakhala ndi mawu ocheperako omwe amabwerezedwa molingana. Oyimba akuda ndi oyera "amayimba" mwanjira imeneyi masana okha, osamvanso kulira kwawo usiku.

Zikulimbana bwanji?

Ma penguins amuna, monga amuna onse, nthawi zina amakonda kumenya nkhondo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zazikazi kapena mukateteza chisa kuchokera kwa alendo osadziwika. Menyani yolimbana ndi mitu yawo imakhazikika kumutu mokweza ngati kuti wayenda kumenya nkhondo ndikuyigwirira mbali ndi mbali. Nkhondo isanayambe, amunawo amayamba "kuwomba", kwinaku akuwerama ndi kupindika mapewa awo.

Pankhondoyo, ma penguins omwe ali ndi grunt agwada mitu yawo, akumenyerana ndi milomo ndi mapiko a zipsepse. Nthawi zina ngakhale kulumidwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati omenyanawo ali ofunitsitsa nkhondo.

Penguin wokhulupirira kwambiri, chithunzi cha izi ndi chitsimikiziro, chifukwa si okonda zachilengedwe onse omwe angakwanitse kuwona zolengedwa izi zachilengedwe. Pali umboni wa sayansi kuti pazaka 45 zapitazi chiwerengero cha ma penguin chatsika ndi theka. Mtunduwu walembedwa mu Buku Lofiira!

IUCN 3.1 Zowopsa :

Rock Penguin (Crested) (lat. Eudyptes chrysocome ) - mbalame ya banja la penguin.

Moyo

Okwera mwala nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mizere yayikulu kwambiri. Pazilumba zokhala ndi dothi labwino, amakumba timiyala tating'ono ndi mabowo enieni, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa udzu wambiri. Zingwe ndizomata ndi miyala, udzu, mafupa ang'onoang'ono.

Ma penguins okwera amadya krill ndi crustaceans ena. Amapeza chakudya chawo nthawi yonse yoyenda kunyanja.

Ma penguins amwala ndi mbalame zamtendere ndipo sizipezeka zokha. Madera awo ndi ochulukirapo ndipo, chifukwa chake, amakhala ankhanza kwambiri. Mbalame zimachita phokoso, zimafuula mokweza kwambiri zomwe zimayitana anzawo kapena zimalengeza kuti gawo lake ndi lokhalamo. Mchitidwe wina - wogwedeza mutu, wokhala ndi chikasu - umathandizanso chidwi. Kupumula, ma penguins amabisa mitu yawo pansi pa mapiko. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, okwera ma penguin amachoka m'malirewo ndikukhala miyezi 3-5 kunyanja, kudyetsa mafuta. Mapiko awo amafanana ndi ntchentche ndipo amathandizira kusambira bwino, koma osasinthika kuti aziuluka. Ma penguin okwera amakhala m'mphepete mwa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kumamatira m'nkhalangozi za udzu wawutali, komwe amakumba mabowo ndikupanga zisa. Zimakopa alendo ambiri ku Falklands ndipo ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuzilumbazi. Kusodza kosalamulirika kumaletsa ma penguin a chakudya, chinthu chinanso chomwe chimaletsa kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi kuwononga madzi ndi mafuta ndi zinyalala zake.

Kutalika kwa moyo kwa okwera penguin ndi zaka 10.

Zolemba

Wotchulidwa kwa Crested Penguin

Mtunduwu ndi wa banja la ma penguin ndipo umaphatikizidwa ndi ma penguin a genus. Penguin wodziwika amakhala kumpoto kwenikweni kwa dera laling'ono. Mbalamezi zimakhala pachilumba cha Falkland, pachilumba cha Tierra del Fuego, kugombe lakumwera kwa South America, pa zilumba za Auckland, kuzilumba za Antipode. Malo okongola ndi malo amiyala pafupi ndi malo osungira madzi oyera ndi magwero ena amadzi achilengedwe. Mtunduwu wagawidwa m'magulu awiri.

Kufotokozera

Kutalika kwa thupi ndi masentimita 48-62. Kulemera kumasiyana kuchokera pa 2 mpaka 3.4 kg. Zomera zazikulu kwambiri zimafika pamtunda wa 4.5 kg. Madzimadzi ndiopanda madzi. Nthenga zimafikira masentimita 2.5-2.9. Kumbuyo kwa nthumwi zamtunduwu ndi kwamtambo wamtambo wakuda, chifuwa ndi m'mimba zimakhala zoyera ndi pang'ono kachikasu. Mutu ndi wakuda.

Mlomo ndi waufupi ndipo uli ndi mtundu wofiirira. Maso ndi ochepa komanso ofiira, miyendo yake ndi yapinki, kumbuyo kwa thupi. Mapikowo ndi opapatiza ndipo amafanana ndi zipsepse. Chochititsa chidwi mwa mbalamezi ndi nthenga zazitali zazitali pamitu yawo. Amatambasuka kuchokera pamlomo ndi kutha ndi maburashi kumbuyo kwa maso. Mtundu wawo ndi wachikasu, nthawi zina wachikasu.

Kubalana komanso kukhala ndi moyo wautali

Mtunduwu umakhala zisa m'magulu akuluakulu, omwe amatha zisa 100,000. Maanja okwatirana. Nyengo ya kuswana imagwera pa Seputembara - mwezi wa Novembala. Mu clutch pali mazira awiri aakulu osiyana. Mwana wankhuku, monga lamulo, imapulumuka dzira lalikulu.

Nthawi ya makulitsidwe imatenga masiku 33. Wamkazi ndi wamkazi amaikira mazira. M'matumbo am'munsi mwa ma penguin ophatikizika pali malo a khungu opanda nthenga. Amapereka kutentha kutuluka kuchokera mthupi kupita ku mazira. Atadulidwa, yamphongo imakhalabe ndi mbewu masiku 25 oyambirira, ndipo mkaziyo amapeza chakudya ndikudzipatsa chakudya. Pambuyo pa nthawi iyi, nkhuku zimaphatikizidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a "nazale". Amakhala pamenepo mpaka atakula bwino.

Pambuyo poswana, mbalame zachikulire zimadziunjikira nkhokwe zamafuta ndikukonzekera kusungunuka kwapachaka. Zimatenga masiku 25. Munthawi imeneyi, nthumwi za mitunduyi zimasinthiratu masanjidwe ake. Atasungunuka, amachoka pamtunda ndikupita kunyanja kwa miyezi yozizira. Amabwereranso m'mphepete mwa nyanja kuti ayambenso kubereka. Kutchire, penguin wokhalamo amakhala zaka 10-12.

Kukhala Ndi Khalidwe Labwino

Chochititsa chidwi ndi nthumwi za mitunduyi ndikuti, kuthana ndi zopinga, sizimayenda pamimba pawo ndipo sizimatuluka mothandizidwa ndi mapiko, monga ma penguin ena. Amayesa kudumphira pamwala ndi ming'alu. Amasinthidwa mwangwiro. Ali ndi matupi oyenda ndi mapiko olimba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi azikhala othamanga. Chakudyacho chimakhala ndi krill komanso crustaceans ena. Amphaka, octopus, nsomba zimadyedwanso. Kuumba nyama mgodi, kumatha kulowa pansi mpaka mamita 100.

Malo osungira

Chiwerengero cha ma penguin osokonekera chikucheperachepera chaka ndi chaka. Zaka 30 zapitazi, yagwa ndi 34%. Mu Zilumba za Falkland pazaka 60 zapitazi, chiwerengero chatsika ndi 90%. Izi zikufotokozedwa ndi kukula kwa zokopa alendo ndi kuwononga chilengedwe. Kugulitsa ma squid am'madzi kumathandizanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma penguin awa. Pakadali pano, mtunduwu umakhala ndi nkhawa.

Gulu:Penguin Banja:Penguin Jenda:Ngwazi Zakujambulira Onani:Penguin wamkulu Dzina lachi Latin Eudyptes sclateri
(Buller,)

Kufotokozera

Ichi ndi pafupifupi penguin thupi kutalika 63-65 cm, kulemera pafupifupi 4-5 kg. Akazi amakhala otsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi amuna. Phukusi la bulauni lofiirira kuchokera pamwamba ndiloyera pansi. Zambiri za penguin kumbuyo, mapiko ndi mutu zakuda, chibwano, pakhosi ndi masaya oyera. Nthenga ziwiri zofiirira zachikaso zimatuluka kuchokera pamphuno kudzera m'maso ofiira akuda kumbuyo korona. Anapiye achikulire ndiosiyana pang'ono ndi akulu .. Kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti mtanda wamanjo pamutu ndi wocheperako kuposa wamkulu.

Amasiyanitsidwa ndi ma penguin ena ophatikizika ndi kuthekera kosuntha kavalidwe kake.

Kufalitsa

Midzi pafupi ndi Australia ndi New Zealand, zisa pachilumba cha Antipode, Bounty, Campbell ndi Auckland.

Chiwerengero cha anthu chamakono chili ndi awiriawiri ndi 200,000 ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi okhazikika.

Moyo

Kuswana

Ma penguins awa ndi amodzi mwa mitundu ya anthu. Ali ndi miyambo yosangalatsa ya chibwenzi yomwe imakhala ndi mawu abwinobwino - nyimbo. Kulira kwa penguin kumachitika mobwerezabwereza ndipo kumamveka mawu amodzimodzi. Kulira kwa penguin kumatha kumveka masana okha. Amphaka amatchulanso makolo awo ndi mawu okuluwika, koma "nyimbo" yawo ndiyofupikitsa osati yovuta kwambiri, ndipo imayimbidwa pamawu apamwamba. Penguin wamkulu wobowoleredwa m'mitundu yayikulu. Amuna nthawi zambiri amabwerera kumalo awo okhalamo milungu iwiri kale kuposa akazi. Kuyamba kwa nyengo yakukhwima kumadziwika ndi zochitika zapadera, kuphatikizapo ndewu. Nesting ili pamalo otetezeka a m'matanthwe osaposa 70 m pamwamba pa nyanja. Yaikaziyo imamanga chisa, kutulutsa timachamba pansi pake. Wamphongo wagona chisa ndi miyala, dothi ndi udzu. Mazira amaikidwa kuyambira koyambirira kwa Okutobala, kugona kumatenga masiku atatu mpaka asanu, panthawi yomwe mkaziyo samadya chilichonse.

Pali mazira awiri mu clutch, dzira lachiwiri ndilokulirapo kuposa loyamba. Mitundu ya mazira ndi ya buluu kapena yobiriwira, koma pambuyo pake imasanduka yofiirira. Kuyambira pomwe dzira lachiwiri lagona, makulidwe amayamba, omwe amakhala masiku 35. Dzira loyamba, monga lamulo, silimakhalabe ndi moyo, (mu 98% ya milandu) kotero kuti ma pengu amatha kulowa dzira limodzi lokha.

M'miyezi yachisanu, penguin samachoka m'madzi ozizira a Subantarctic, koma komwe amakhala nthawi yonseyi sanakhazikitsidwe. Nthawi zambiri chimakhala m'makhola ndimtundu wina wa penguin wopukutidwa. Zilumba zamiyala zadzala ndi mapanga ambiri abwino kwa malo ogona. Pali masamba pang'ono pa iwo, nthawi zambiri udzu wotsika ndi zitsamba.

Amadzisungiranso: masiku awiri mpaka atatu mazira atayika, mkaziyo amachoka pachisa, ndipo wamphongo amakhala wotetezeka. Zimatenga milungu itatu kapena inayi, nthawi yonseyi penguin ikusala. Kenako anapiye amatuluka. Akaziwo amabwerera ku anapiyewo masana kukawadyetsa, kumakhazikitsa chakudya. M'mwezi wa Febere, maula amapezeka kale mu anapiye ndipo amachoka kuzilumba zomwe zidawabereka.

Zowopsa

Kuchulukana kwa penguin wamkulu wopendekedwa, malinga ndi IUCN, kuli pachiwopsezo. Asayansi apeza kuti pazaka makumi anayi ndi zisanu zapitazi, chiwerengero cha anthu chatsika ndi theka. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha zisa zomwe zimapezeka pazilumba zina zokha. Mitunduyi idalembedwa kuti ndiyotayika mu Red Book.

Lembani ndemanga palemba "Big Crested Penguin"

Zolemba

Kuchokera ku Great Crested Penguin

"Koma sichoncho, bambo." - Ndinakwiya.
"Kodi mumayang'anitsitsa anzanu a kusukulu - kodi nthawi zambiri samanena zomwe zalembedwa?" - Ndinachita manyazi. analinso wolondola, monga nthawi zonse. - Izi ndichifukwa choti makolo awo amawaphunzitsa kuti akhale ophunzira achitsanzo chabwino komanso omvera komanso azilandira bwino. Koma siziwaphunzitsa kuganiza. Mwina chifukwa sanadzilingalire okha. Kapena mwina chifukwa mantha ali kale okhazikika mwa iwo. Chifukwa chake adasunthira kukhudzidwa kwawo, Svetlenaya wanga, kuti ndidzipezera ndekha zomwe ndizofunika kwambiri kwa inu - ma alama, kapena kuganiza kwanu.
"Koma kodi pali amene angaope kuganiza, bambo." Kupatula apo, palibe amene amamva malingaliro athu. Kodi pali chiyani chochititsa mantha?
- Samva. Koma lingaliro lirilonse lakucha limapanga chikumbumtima chanu, Chowala. Ndipo malingaliro anu akasintha, ndiye kuti mumasintha nawo. Ndipo ngati malingaliro anu ali olondola, ndiye kuti atero, anthu ambiri sakonda. Sikuti anthu onse amakonda kuganiza. Anthu ambiri amakonda kuyiyimba mlandu pamapewa a ena, monga inu, ndipo iwo okha amakhalira "olakwitsa" pazokhumba za ena moyo wawo wonse. Ndipo chisangalalo kwa iwo, ngati "oganiza" omwewo samalimbana pomenyera nkhondo, chifukwa ndiye masewerawa salinso owona aanthu, koma mabodza, kudzitama, ziwawa, ngakhale umbanda, ngati akufuna kuthana ndi omwe akuganiza nawo " osakhala m'malo. " Chifukwa chake, kuganiza kungakhale koopsa, Kuwala kwanga. Ndipo zimatengera kuti musachite mantha kapena ngati mungakonde ulemu wanu wamunthu kuti muope.
Ine ndinakwera kwa abambo anga pa sofa ndipo ndinadziyandikira pafupi naye, kutsanzira (osasangalala kwambiri) Grishka. Pafupi ndi abambo anga, nthawi zonse ndimakhala wotetezeka komanso wamtendere. Zinkawoneka kuti palibe choyipa chomwe chingatifikire, ngati palibe chomwe chimandichitira ndikadakhala pafupi naye. Zomwe, zaachidziwikire, sizinganenedwe za Grishka yemwe wakhumudwitsidwa, popeza amakondanso maola omwe amakhala ndi abambo ndipo sakanatha kuyimirira pamene wina alowa maola awa. Adandigwirira mosakondera komanso maonekedwe ake onse amawonetsa kuti ndibwino kutuluka pano posachedwa. Ndidaseka ndikuganiza zongomusiya modekha ndikusangalala ndi chisangalalo chomwe ndimamukonda, ndipo ndidapita kukatambasulira pang'ono - kusewera ma snowbalk pabwalo ndi anyamata oyandikana nawo.
Ndinkawerengera masiku ndi maola otsala tsiku lakubadwa kwanga lisanachitike, ndikumverera kuti "ndakula kale", koma, ndinachita manyazi kwambiri, sindinathe kuiwala "tsiku langa lobadwa" kwa mphindi imodzi, zomwe, sizinali kanthu zabwino zofanana ndi "ukalamba" wanga sizinawonjezerepo.
Ine, monga ana onse padziko lapansi, ndimakonda mphatso. Ndipo tsopano, kwa masiku akumapeto, adadandaula kuti zingakhale chiyani, malinga ndi agogo anga, ndili ndi chidaliro kuti ndikadakonda "kuzikonda".
Koma kudikirako sikunatenge nthawi yayitali, ndipo posakhalitsa kunatsimikiziridwa kuti ndikofunika kuchita ...
Pomaliza, tsiku lakubadwa kwanga "kunayamba kuzizira, kukuwotcha komanso dzuwa, monga ziyenera kukhalira patchuthi chenicheni. Mphepo "imatulukira" kuzizira ndi nyenyezi zachikuda ndipo ngati "zinawawa", zomwe zimakakamiza oyenda oyenda mwachangu kuposa masiku onse. Tonse, kutuluka kulowa m'bwalomo, kunali kwamphamvu, ndipo "chilichonse chamoyo" chimatsanulira nthunzi mozungulira ife, moseketsa ndikupangitsa aliyense kuwoneka ngati injini zamitundu yambiri zomwe zikuthamangira mbali zosiyanasiyana.
Pambuyo pa chakudya cham'mawa, sindimatha kukhala phee ndikupita kwa amayi anga "mchira", ndikudikirira nthawi yomwe ndidzaona "kudabwitsika" kwanga. Ndinadabwa kwambiri, amayi anga atapita nane kunyumba yoyandikana ndi kugogoda pachitseko. Ngakhale kuti mnansi wathu anali munthu wabwino kwambiri, momwe ndimakhalira ndi tsiku lobadwa langa sizinali zodabwitsa kwa ine.

Crested penguin (rock penguin, Eudyptes chrysocome) - mtundu wa mbalame zosambira zojambulidwa zamtunduwu, zimaphatikizanso mitundu itatu: kumwera kwa penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome), penguin wakummawa (Eudyptes chrysocome filholi chiocyudy), kumpoto. Masamba akumwera amapezeka pa zilumba za Falkland, pagombe la Argentina ndi Chile, kum'mawa - kuzilumba za Marion, Prince Edward, Croset, Kerguelen, Hurd, MacDonald, Macquarie, Campbell ndi kuzilumba za Antipode, kumpoto - kuzilumba za Tristan da Cugna, Saint -Zilumba zaPaul ndi Amsterdam.

Ichi ndi penguin wokongola pang'ono: kutalika kwa 55-62 cm, kulemera kwa 2-3 kg. Kupaka utoto ndimtundu wa penguins: kumbuyo kwakuda bii komanso m'mimba yoyera. Anapiye akuda ndi imvi kumbuyo ndi oyera kutsogolo. Pamutu pa mbalame zachikulire pali "nsidze" zopyapyala zachikasu zokhala ndi ngayaye, zazitali komanso zazitali mu mbalame za pachilumba cha Tristan da Cugna. Maso ndi ofiira, mulomo wafupipafupi wa bulalo ndi wofiirira. Tizilombo ta utoto tofiirira, tatifupi, komwe timakhala kumbuyo kwa thupi, pafupi ndi kumbuyo. Ziwawa ndizopanda madzi, nthenga ndizitali 2, 9 cm.

Ma penguins okhala ndi mphako nthawi zambiri amakhala m'mizere yayikulu, pogwiritsa ntchito zopondera, mapiri am'mphepete mwa malo okumbika, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala moyandikana ndi albatrosses. Pazilumba zokhala ndi dothi labwino, amakumba timiyala tating'ono ndi mabowo enieni, nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa udzu wambiri. Zingwe ndizomata ndi miyala, udzu, mafupa ang'onoang'ono. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito chisa chimodzi zaka zingapo.

Ma penguins okhala ndi mphalapala amafunika madzi abwino, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madzi ndi akasupe abwino. Kubalana kumayambira mu Seputembala mpaka Okutobala kumpoto, mu Novembala-Disembala kumwera kwa mndandandawo. Ma Crested Penguins ndi oopsa. Ma fomu awiriawiri. Nthawi zambiri, wamkazi amayikira mazira awiri, osakhala atatu, ndikupuma masiku 4-5. Dzira loyamba limalemera pafupifupi 80 g, lachiwiri pafupifupi 10 g. Nthawi zambiri chimatho chimodzi chimagwira. M'madera ambiri akumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa ma penguin, anapiye awiri omwe ali m'madziwo kulibe. M'mazamba opita kum'mwera, anapiye onsewa amatha kukhala moyo wabwino m'malo abwino. Atayikira dzira, chachikazi chimapatsira mwamunayo, amene amachibisa m'mimba yake osagawana nawo nthawi yonse ya makulidwe, omwe amakhala miyezi inayi. Popeza ndafika zaka 10 zakubadwa, mult wachichepere ndikufanana ndi akulu.

Ma penguins amwala amadyera krill, crustaceans ena, ndi nsomba zazing'ono. Pakukhathamiritsa mazira, yamphongo imasiyira kumtunda, nthawi zina wamkazi imadzalowa m'malo mwake, nthawi zina amadzichotsera nthawi yonse ya makulidwe.Amasangalatsanso ana akhanda, ndipo ngati mayiyo samapezeka nthawi yochepa chakudyacho, champhongo chimadyetsa anapiye ndi mkaka wa "penguin", womwe umapangidwa chifukwa chogaya chakudya.

Ma penguins opakidwa sapezeka kwenikweni. Madera awo ndi ochulukirapo. Ngakhale ndi kakulidwe kakang'ono, ma penguin osokonekera amakhala ankhanza. Mbalame zimachita phokoso, zikulira kwambiri. Pakutha kwa chilimwe, ma penguins osiyidwa amachoka m'madzi ndikupita kunyanja kwa miyezi 3-5, ndikupeza mafuta.

Ma penguin amakopa alendo kupita ku zilumba za Falkland ndipo ndizochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuzilumbazi. Kusodza kosalamulirika kumaletsa ma penguin a chakudya, chinthu chinanso chomwe chimaletsa kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi kuwononga madzi ndi mafuta ndi zinyalala zake. Pazilumba zina, ma penguin osokonekera amadwala nkhumba, agalu, ndi nkhandwe zomwe anthu amapanga. Kutalika kwa moyo kwa ma penguin opukutira kuyambira zaka 10 mpaka 25.