Baboon Amawatcha kuti ndi nyani waluntha ndipo amati chiphunzitso chawo chofulumira komanso chokhumba chawo chokhala pagulu ndizabwino kuposa chimpanzi. Pakati pa anyani onse aku Africa, amalankhulana ndi anthu koposa ena.
Pacithunzi-thunzi, ana anyani ali ndi mwana
Zojambula ndi malo a nyani
Kuyambika kwa anyani kumatsogolera anyani ochokera ku banja la nyani. Mwa mawonekedwe apadera a chigaza ndi nkhope yotalikirapo, ndizosavuta kuzindikira. Dzinali limaonetsa khalidweli - nyani wopendedwa ndi galu. Kuti pakhale mtundu wamtambo wachikasu wa tsitsi la nyama, amatchedwa anyani achikasu. Maboni mu chithunzi amawoneka oseketsa komanso osangalatsa.
Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu kumafika pakati pa 75 cm, popanda mchira, kukula kwake ndi pafupifupi 60. Clumsy, poyang'ana koyamba, anyani amasiyana mosiyanasiyana. Ndi chizolowezi kusiyanitsa mitundu yayikulu isanu ya anyani: maolivi, ndowe ya garu, nyani wa chacma ndi nyani wachikasu ndi hamadril, yemwe amadziwika ndi nkhope yayikulu komanso yofiyira, dzina lake nyani wofiyira.
Agulu achangu komanso achidwi amakhala pagulu. Sakhala moyo wawekha. Ubale mu gulu la anthu 50-80 umapangidwa malinga ndi gawo lalikulu la abambo ndi akazi ambiri.
Kuti musamukire kwa anyamata omwe akukhala gulu lina, muyenera kuteteza achikazi odziwika kwa oweta ndikuwalemekeza. Mu paketi nyani avareji aamuna aamuna a 6-8, akazi ambiri ndi ana amisinkhu yosiyanasiyana. Mababo amayenda pamiyendo inayi, akugwira mchira wawo pakona kufikira thupi.
Mchira wautali, wokwera kumtunda, umatha kuwoneka kutali ukasuntha gululo. Mbuto zazikulu za anyani achikasu ku Central ndi East Africa ndi madera a savannah ndi steppe, ngakhale m'mapiri amtchire omasuka, malinga ndi malo omwe amathirira.
Ma Baboon amatha kusintha malo okhala ndi miyala komanso m'nkhalangozi. Kulikonse komwe amapeza malo otetezeka ogona usiku. Nyani amakopa malo okhala anthu ndikubzala mbewu. Zida zamtchire kapena mapira ndizofala kwambiri pamoyo wa anyani.
Mababo ali ndi mano akulu olimba
Samawopa munthu, amapempha ndi kuba nthawi yoyamba. Pothana ndi ndewu m'minda, okhala m'deralo amawawona ngati tizirombo. Ubwenzi ndi anthu ukakhala wowopsa, anyani amathawa osalowa nawo ndewu.
Ndikosavuta kuyimitsa nyani, kenako amakhala mnzake wodzipereka komanso wokondedwa. Ku Egypt kwakale, zinali zachikhalidwe m'mabanja olemera kusunga ziweto zotere. Hamadril Baboon amalemekezedwa ngati mulungu wotchedwa Babi.
Mwachilengedwe, siamatsenga onse omwe amatha kuthana ndi anyani amphamvu komanso anzeru. Amagwidwa ndi nyalugwe wanjala, fisi, mimbulu, mikango, zomwe anyani amakumana nawo mosatekeseka. Okhazikika ndikuwulula ma fangs, anyani amawonetsa mkwiyo woyipa ndikutha kukana mdani.
Pepani, koma mulibe ma ruble okwanira owongolera kujambula.
Pezani ma ruble
kuyitanira anzanu ku Comte.
Mulandireni aliyense wobwera kuno. Nthawi zambiri tinkakhulupirira kuti zochitika zankhanza zimabweretsa madera ankhanza. Lamulo lovutitsa ili la kupulumuka silisunga zoweta kapena mtundu wina uliwonse. Ndipo lero tikambirana za imodzi mwazinthu zosasunthika kwambiri za nyama. A Spartans adayang'ana ngwazi zathu ndikulankhula zaukadaulo wawo popanda kunyinyirika. Moni kwa ma Baboon - ankhondo otchuka komanso anthu otsogola mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Mlendo wathu amatchedwanso nyani wosemedwa ndi galu. Chomwe chimapangitsa izi ndi chigaza cha mutu wofanana ndi wa canines. Koma nyamayo ilibe chochita ndi mnzake wapamtima. Mababo ndi abale athu akutali, koma akutali kwambiri. Awa ndi achimuna a banja la nyani. Mtengo wamtunduwo ndi wolimba, wokhwima komanso wofulumira, ngakhale mawonekedwe osawoneka bwino.
Atsikana omwe amalembetsa mayeso. Timalonjeza mapasa m'mwezi umodzi!
Wooly Spartans akhazikika kudera la Central ndi East Africa. Baboon idakhala m'malo onse opezeka kumapiri ndi kumapiri. Malo okhalamo ng'ombe imodzi imatha kufikira 15 km km.
Kukhazikika kwa anyani.
Nyama zimakonda kudutsa m'dera lino kukafuna chakudya. Zakudya zawo ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zathu. Monga anthu, anyani amadya chilichonse chomwe chimatha kugayidwa. Zipatso, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, tizilombo, nsomba, nyama - zimaphatikizidwa muzakudya zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi ndi malingaliro ake otani omwe angakane nyama?
Koma mchere ndi zipatso zimatsika.
Mafuta ndi nyama zochezeka kwambiri. Potengera kudalirana kwa mtundu wa mtundu wawo mu ufumu wa nyama, chimpanzee yekha ndi amene angapikisane nawo. Nthawi zambiri, gulu la anyaniwa limaphatikizapo anthu 50-80. Mamembala onse ali mgulu lamphamvu lolemekezana wina ndi mnzake. Nyama zimatsimikizira mkhalidwe wawo machitidwe, manja, nkhope ndi zochita zawo, posonyeza kudzichepetsa kapena ulamuliro wawo. Ngakhale mwa akhanda, maliseche amawunikidwa mosamala kuti apange ubale wabwino ndi iye.
Khola lonse limakhala laling'ono kwa amuna angapo amuna alpha. Kuphwanya udindo wa munthu wina, makamaka anyamata. Amuna akunyumba samazengereza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu motsutsana ndi odzikuza, pozarivshis pamwayi wawo.
Amuna ndi odziwika chifukwa ankhanza awo pomenyera ufulu wotsogola. Nthawi zina, amatha kupha wopikisana naye.
Mkati mwa gulu la anyani, kulumikizana ndizofunikira kwambiri. Usiku, anthu am'banja limodzi amagona, kukumbatirana mwamphamvu. Ngati wachibale wina ali pachiwopsezo ndi nyani wina, aliyense amathamangira kukapulumutsa mnzake. Koma njira yayikulu yosungitsira unansi ndi kudzikongoletsa. Nyani zimasulira ubweya wa wina ndi mzake, uziyeretsa kuchokera kumdothi ndi majeremusi. Njirayi imapereka chisangalalo chodabwitsa kwa nyamazo, chifukwa kukwera kwambiri ndi buluyo, amapusitsanso abale ake.
Wamphongo wamwamuna kapena wamkulu wamkulu nthawi zonse amakongoletsedwa ndi mamembala angapo m'gululo. Chifukwa chake am'mafuko awonetsa ulemu wawo.
Palibe amene akung'ung'udza, palibe amene adzamwa sip (
Zosangalatsa zonse za amuna otchuka sapeza popanda chifukwa. Alfa nthawi zambiri amawika miyoyo yawo pachiwopsezo cha abusa. Pamene ena onse amathawa, iwo, ngati 300 Spartans, amathamangira mwamphamvu mu njira za adani ambiri aku Africa. Mwana wamwamuna wamkulu komanso wamkulu amatha kuthamangitsa nyalugwe kapena mkango.
Amaseka kumaso kwa amphaka amtchire, ndipo sunganene mawu abwana ako.
Koma ngakhale anyamata ankhanza oterewa amatha kukhala achikondi. Akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala abwenzi ndi amuna osiyana siyana. Amacheza, amagona komanso amadyera limodzi. Koma, ngakhale izi, 80% ya ana amabadwa kuchokera kwa Alfache. Friendzone ndi mtundu wa nyani. Kuchulukitsa kwa akazi kumachitika momveka bwino: matupi awo amakhala otupa ndipo amadzaza ndi magazi. Zizindikiro izi zimawonetsera amuna kuti nthawi yakwana. Akazi akuluakulu nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi pakati pakapita nthawi yayitali ya 1-2.
Chifukwa chake, bwanji?
Makanda obadwa kumene, mosiyana ndi akuluakulu, amaphimbidwa ndi ubweya wakuda. Mpaka khungu la mwana litakhala imvi, mwana amakhala pakati pa gulu lonse. Ana aang'ono m'busa amakondedwa, amasamalidwa komanso kutetezedwa pamavuto onse. Amayi amakondana kwambiri ndi mwana wawoyo, kuti, akamwalira, apitilize kunyamula yekha kwa masiku ena angapo, osafuna kudzipatula.
Aliyense amandikonda, komanso onse chifukwa ndine wakuda!
Ana aakazi okhwima amakhalira limodzi ndi amayi awo mpaka kumapeto. Koma anawo akuchoka m'banjamo, kukafunafuna gulu latsopano. Ayenera kudzikwatirana ndi gulu lokhazikitsidwa kale m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Maphunzirowa akuphatikizira kunyamula akuluakulu a gululo ndi kulanda mphamvu pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Akazi achikuda samanyoza makanda. Polimbana ndi malo padzuwa, njira zonse ndi zabwino.
Chifukwa chake, koma izi ndi zochuluka kale!
Mababo kwathunthu samawopa anthu. Amalowa molimba mtima m'magawo am'mizinda ndipo, popanda chikumbumtima, amatenga zonse zomwe zili ndi vuto. Kwa mizinda ku South Africa, anyani asandulika tsoka lalikulu. Nyama sizimangobera anthu, komanso zimawazunza. Kuwombera kwa ma Baboon ndikulangidwa ndi lamulo, chifukwa homo sapiens amayenera kubereka kuti ateteze malo okhala kuchokera ku zigawenga zomwe zigawenga zigawenga.
Anthu onse am'derali, tayamba kale kupita kwa inu, abale.
Atero awa, Spartans a nthawi yathu ino. Wowopsa komanso wankhanza, koma nthawi yomweyo wachikondi komanso wolimba mtima.
Khalidwe ndi moyo wa nyani
Ma Babo amatsogolera gulu la ng'ombe: amayenda limodzi, kudya, kulera ana, kugona usiku ndikudziteteza kwa adani. Pakati pa anyani ali ndi magulu ake. Udindo wa munthu wolemekezeka umatsimikiziridwa ndi manja. Banja lililonse la anyani limakhala mdera lalitali mpaka ma kilomita 13.5, koma malire a ziwembuyo ndi osawoneka bwino.
Zitsamba zingapo zogwirizana zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa pamalo amodzi kuthilira, ndipo zochitika zotere ndizofala. Ana anyaniwa amayenda m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Patsogolo pake ndipo kumapeto kwa gulu la amuna, amuna akuchokera kunsi kwa oyang'anira akutsogolera gulu. Pakuzama, zazikazi zimayenda ndi akuluakulu komanso ana ochepa. Pafupi ndi amuna.
Mdani akaonekera, gulu limakhala lodzitchinjiriza lomwe limawopa cheetah. Pankhondo, amuna amaletsa kuukira, otsalawo amawabalalitsa mbali zosiyanasiyana kuti mdani angathere kuti athawire ndani. Masekondi amasankhidwe amakhala chipulumutso kwa anyani ambiri. Popeza atasiyidwa anthu ovulala, adzaphedwa.
Yekhayekha, samapulumuka. Za anyani Amati umodzi ndi gulu zimawapulumutsa. Kulumikizana kwa anyani okhala ndi ziwala kapena zina zopanda pake kwakhala kukuwoneka kuti kuonetsetsa kuti kuli kotetezeka.
Ma Antelope ali ndi vuto losakhazikika. Akathawa, ndiye kuti ali tcheru. Ngati anyaniwa amafuula mokayikira, ndiye kuti anyaniwa akukonzekera kuti awoneke. Nyama zimasangalala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yokhudza ziwalo za anthu okhala mwachilengedwe.
Nyani wothamanga
Kununkhira kwamphamvu kwa anyani komanso maonekedwe abwino a anyaniwo ndi otetezeka. Gulu la anyani amatha kuwonetsa kuyesera kukafikira kwa agalu, omwe ndi adani akuluakulu a mbozi. Masana nyani otanganidwa ndi ntchito yofunika kuyeretsa ubweya wa wina ndi mzake kuchokera ku tiziromboti. Munjira, udindo wa anthu umaonekera.
Ngati mtsogoleri awonetsa kuti ali wokonzeka kupumula, ndiye kuti nyani angapo amapita kwa iye kuti ayeretse malaya ake. Malingaliro omwewo amawonetsedwa kwa akazi akuluakulu ndi makanda. Ziwalo zina zimatsukirana wina ndi mnzake, nkusintha malo. Njira zaukhondo ndizofunikira kwambiri monga kupewa matenda ndi matenda.
Kuyeretsa kuchokera ku tizilombo, dothi, kuphatikiza ndi manja anu ubweya kumabweretsa kukhutitsidwa ndikusangalatsa kwa anyani, amatseka maso awo kuti asangalale. Ubale pakati pa anthu am'banja umamangidwa m'njira zambiri kutengera kuti buluyo wavomerezedwa kuti amakhulupirire.
Nyama zimagona usiku wonse panthambi zazitali, komwe zimakhala zotetezeka ku njoka zikuluzikulu ndi zilombo zomwe zimasaka mumdima. Akayamba kucha, nyani amapita pansi. Ana amapezeka pafupipafupi ndi achikulire pamasewera omwe amaphunzitsa sayansi ya kupulumuka.
Kuyenda kakang'ono kwambiri ndi amayi ake, akumutchingira chovala. Yaikaziyo ndi mwana imadumphira m'mitengo ndikuthawa kuti ikhale pangozi. M'mikangano, mabanja sangaukire amene wanyamula kamwana.
Kudyetsa Baboon
Pazakudya, nyama ndizosasamala ndipo zimasinthasintha mosavuta pazakudya zosiyanasiyana. Chinthu chachikulu mu chakudyacho ndi kupezeka kwa madzi. Pakuuma, nyama zimapulumutsidwa ndi mame pam'mera pazomera komanso ngakhale tsitsi lawo, lomwe amalinyambita. Mababo amadya masamba, mizu, mbewu, zipatso, mababu a mbewu.
Mwa zakudya za nyama, nkhono, nsomba, mbalame, tizilombo, abuluzi, mbewa, ndi makoswe ena ang'ono ndi omwe amapanga zochuluka za izo. Kudzimbidwa kwa anyani ndizofanana ndi chimbudzi cha anthu, chifukwa chake, kukokera china chake chokoma kuchokera kwa alendo kuchokera nyumba, mahema kapena molunjika m'manja ndikosangalatsa kwa nyama.
Kubala ndi kutalika kwa nyani
Mwamuna ndi nyani wamkazi osati nthawi zonse zogonana. Maanja atha kukhala limodzi nthawi imodzi, kukhulupirirana kumayanjana, kusinthana wina ndi mnzake, koma osalumikizana. Nthawi zina ubale umasweka chifukwa chokwatirana ndi mkazi wina wamwamuna komanso kupeza utsogoleri.
Akazi amasonyeza kukonzekera kwachilengedwe muukwati: kakhanda kofiyira kamene kamatsimikizira mosatsimikiza izi. Mwa akazi achichepere, kuchuluka kwa kutupa kumachuluka mpaka kufika 15% ya kulemera kwa thupi.
Zimakhala zovuta kuti amuna azilakwitsa posankha awiri. Atsogoleri odziwika, omwe mu gulu ali ndi ufulu 70-80% ya kukhwima, amakhala ndi zabwino. Okwatirana ena amakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri. Amuna achichepere amapita kwa abusa ena kukafunafuna akazi otchuka ndi utsogoleri.
Mwana wakhanda amakhala ndi chovala cha ubweya wakuda, chomwe chimawala pakapita nthawi ndipo chimakhala, monga kholo, imvi. Kamwana kakang'ono kamazunguliridwa ndi chidwi ndi chisamaliro cha akuluakulu. Si ana onse obadwa amene adzapulumuka. Zachikazi zakufa zimanyamulidwa kwa masiku ena angapo m'manja, osafuna kudzipatula.
Ana ambiri anyani amakhala m'malo osungira nyama ndi malo osungira nyama, kumene amabala bwino. Nthawi zambiri mwana wamwamuna wachikasu, kapena nyani, ali ndi zaka 40. Ndi chisamaliro chabwino, chiyembekezo chamoyo chikuwonjezeka ndi zaka 5-7. Mutha kuwona nyamayi m'malo osungira nyama zambiri padziko lapansi, chifukwa anyaniwa ndi osachita zachilengedwe komanso ochezeka.
Chiyambidwe cha mafotokozedwe ndi mafotokozedwe
Banja la nyani, lomwe anyaniwo adakhalako zaka 15 miliyoni zapitazo - mulimonsemo, ndi nthawi ino pomwe nkhokwe zakale kwambiri zaomwe zimayimira. Woyamba kuoneka nyani woonda, amakhala ku Europe.
A Gelads (Theropithecus), nawonso omwe ali amtundu wa nyani, anali ofala kuposa ena, omwe ndi amtundu womwe umakhalapobe m'nthawi yathu ino. Kenako gulu la anyaniwo linapangidwa, mitundu yake yakale imaphatikizapo Dinopithecus, Pliopapio ndi ena ambiri.
Kanema: Baboon
Nthata zakale ndizodziwika chifukwa zina mwa mitundu yawo zimafikira zazikulu ndi zolemera - mpaka ma kilogalamu 100, pomwe zamakono sizipitilira 40-45. Zinkakhala ndi mikwingwirima yayikulu ndipo zimatha kudziteteza kwa adani. Koma ubongo wawo unali wocheperako nthawi yomweyo - pakusintha kwa anyani, iwo umayamba kuwonjezeka.
Ma Baboon adawonekera ngakhale pambuyo pake. Zomera zakale kwambiri zaka pafupifupi 2-2.3 miliyoni, koma izi ndizosiyana - Papio angusticeps. Anyani amakono adachitika patapita nthawi pang'ono.
Achinyamatawa adayamba kufotokozedwa ndi Carl Linnaeus mu 1766. Kafukufuku wamabungwe awo akupitilizabe, gulu lomwe pakadali pano silingakhale lomaliza, ofufuza ena amakhulupirira kuti chiwerengero chachikulu chikhoza kusiyanitsidwa.
Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe ake
Chithunzi: Baboon mwachilengedwe
Kutalika kwake, nyani ndiwotsika kwambiri kuposa nyani wamkulu, koma amapitilira mamembala ena amphongo - nthawi zambiri amafika masentimita 70-80. Mchira wake wautali umaonekera - sungakhale wotsika kwambiri kwa thupi ndikukula mpaka 60-65 cm.Baboons amalemera kilogalamu 30-45.
Amakhala ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa agalu ndi nkhope yofanana ya kutsogolo, ndichifukwa chake dzina lawo lina ndi anyani amtundu wa agalu. M'mawonekedwe, zitha kuwoneka ngati zovuta, koma musapusitsidwe ndi izi: M'malo mwake, ndiwosokonekera, amatha kukwera mitengo mwachangu ndikudumphira kuchokera ku nthambi kupita ku nthambi, komanso kupanga zinthu.
Nthawi yomweyo, manja ndi mapazi onse akutenga nawo mbali. Manja awo ndi olimba, zala zimapangidwa bwino, zovekedwa nduwira ndi nsapato zakuthwa. Maso ndi makutu ndi ochepa, koma anyaniwa ndi okulirapo poyerekeza ndi thupi komanso malembedwe akuthwa. Amasiyanitsidwa ndi masomphenya owoneka bwino, chidwi kwambiri - izi zimathandizira pakupulumuka.
Ali ndi chovala chaching'ono, koma chovala chautoto wachikasu. Pamimba pake ali opepuka.Ubweya wa nyani umafunika kusamalidwa mosalekeza komanso kuphatikizidwa nthawi zonse, malingana ndi momwe alili, mutha kudziwa malo omwe anyaniwo ali mtsogoleri wa fuko - oyang'anira angapo amasamalira tsitsi la anthu ofunikira nthawi imodzi.
Chosangalatsa: Mafotokozedwe a psoglavtsev - anthu omwe ali ndi mitu ya agalu omwe amapezeka ndi olemba achi Greek akale atha kukhala osokoneza momwe amafotokozedwera anyani. Chifukwa chake, Aristotle amawaika pakati pa nyani mu "Mbiri Yanyama" yake.
Kodi nyaniyo amakhala kuti?
Chithunzi: Awiri a anyani
Mtundu wamtunduwu umapezeka ku Africa kuno:
Monga tikuwonera pamndandandawu, mtundu wa anyaniwo ndiwocheperako, ngakhale amangokhala ndi malo ochepa m'mayiko ena omwe atchulidwa: mwachitsanzo, malire okha omwe ali ku Ethiopia ndi Somalia. Dera lokonzalo ndiokhazikika, kusiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa anyani ena ambiri, palibe chizolowezi chowoneka chochepetsera.
Mababo amakonda malo okhala ndi chakudya chochuluka, pakusaka kwawo amatha kusamukira ku mtunda wautali. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kuwoneka pafupi ndi minda ya mapira kapena chimanga - anyani sachita mantha ndi anthu ndipo nthawi zina amavulaza ulimi.
Amakhala ku savannah ndi steppe, amatha kukhala m'mapiri, koma ndizochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa chakudya, ndikofunikira kwa iwo kuti panali malo osungira pafupi ndi malo, ndipo zinali zosavuta kupeza malo ogona. Gulu lililonse limakhala m'dera lolimba - pafupifupi 12-18 kilomita.
Malire a gawo la anyani ochokera ku masukulu ena sayenera kudutsa - ngati izi zichitika, adzathamangitsidwa, kumenyanako kungayambike, ngakhale anyani samasiyana mwamwano. Nthawi zambiri, mawebusayiti oterowo amakhala m'mphepete mwa bowo lamadzi othilira - masukulu angapo amatha kulipeza nthawi imodzi, nthawi zambiri amagwirizana.
Tsopano mukudziwa komwe kadzidzi amakhala. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe amadya.
Kodi kabulu amadya chiyani?
Chithunzi: Monkey Baboon
Zomwe zimadyedwa ndi anyani ndi udzu ndi zitsamba, chifukwa zochuluka zomwe zimadya pazomera, ndipo pafupifupi gawo lililonse la mbewuzo zimatha kuzidya.
Amatha kudya chakudya chanyama, ngakhale kuti sangathe kugwidwa akusaka nthawi zambiri. Komabe, nthawi zina amamva kufunika kwa chakudya chanyama, kapena m'malo mwake, mavitamini ndi michere yomwe amapezeka nacho - nthawi zina amathanso kudya dongo la izi.
Kuchokera ku zolengedwa zamoyo zimatha kugwira ndikudya:
Milandu ingapo ya anyani osaka ana antelopes yatchulidwa. Koma izi ndizosiyana - nthawi zambiri iwo ndi anyaniwa amakhala limodzi, amagawa gawo limodzi ndikudzitchinjiriza kwa adani.
Kuphatikiza apo, anyani amatha kuba chakudya kuchokera kwa anthu: nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha ichi amalowa m'nyumba kapena m'mahema. Samayimira zoopsa, amakhala ochezeka kwa anthu, ngati awagwira akuba, amatha kuthawa kapena kuyamba kupempha chakudya.
Pazakudya zambiri, amakhala osazindikira ndipo amatha kukhuta ndi zomwe amadya - chinthu chachikulu ndichakuti pali chakudya chokwanira. Kupeza madzi ndikofunikira kwambiri kwa iwo: ndikofunikira kuti malo othirira ali pafupi, koma simungathe kupitako nthawi zonse, chifukwa nyani m'mawa amakonda kunyambita mame kuchokera masamba a mbewu.
Pakakhala chilala, nthawi zina pamangokhala mame okha. Zikatero, anyani nthawi zambiri amasamukira kukafunafuna madzi, amayamba kufooka, ndipo nthawi zina amafa chifukwa chosowa madzi. Chifukwa chake, kusankha koyenera malo amoyo ndikofunikira kwambiri - kuti malo omwe ali pafupi ndiwo ali ndi madzi ambiri ndipo sawuma, kapena atha kufikira pamenepo ngati kuli kofunikira.
Mawonekedwe a machitidwe ndi moyo wawo
Momwe limakhalira tsiku ndi tsiku anyaniwa ndiwakuti amatanthauza kufunafuna chakudya m'mawa - pa anyaniwo amachita mosatengera fuko lonse. Ndizosangalatsa kuti amachita izi m'njira yoyenera, machitidwe. Amakhala ndi "scout" - nyani zingapo amabwera kutsogolo kudzachenjeza za ngozi ngati zingafunike.
Ena ochulukirapo, m'malo mwake, ali kumbuyo kwambiri, ngati ngozi ingakhale mbali ina. M'mphepete mwa girala amaphimba anyani amphamvu kwambiri. Izi zimathandizira chitetezo chachikulu, ndipo gulu limatha kuthamangitsa olusa, kapena kuthawa kwa iwo ndi ochepa ovutitsidwa.
M'mawa kwambiri, anyani amatanganidwa kwambiri ndi chakudya: amadya masamba, mphukira ndi zipatso, kukumba mizu ndi ma tubers kuchokera pansi, kugwira nyama zazing'ono zomwe zili pafupi ndikuzidya. Amayesa kupeza mng'oma wa njuchi zakuthengo - amadya mphutsi zawo, ndipo amakonda kwambiri uchi. Njirayi idakonzedwa mwanjira yoti m'mawa imadzasungiramo madzi: pambuyo pake, anyani sanamwere kuyambira madzulo. Pano amathetsa ludzu lawo, ndipo nthawi yomweyo amapitilirabe kudya: achule, chipolopolo, nsomba, mazira a mamba ndi mbewu zam'madzi - nthawi zambiri pamakhala chakudya chokwanira m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mitsinje.
Amayenda pang'onopang'ono, ndipo posakhalitsa amabwera masana - nthawi yotentha kwambiri masana. Mababo amatenga nthawi yopumira kwa maola 3-4 - pezani malo opanda mthunzi ndipo mupumule pamenepo. Amatha kugona pansi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi - kuyang'ana majeremusi mu ubweya wa wina ndi mnzake, ndipo anthu ocheperapo komanso achangu amatha kusewera. Pambuyo pa kupumula, amapitilizabe kuyenda mosangalatsa pofunafuna chakudya. Nthawi zina amatha kusaka - chifukwa, anyani angapo amasiyana ndi paketi ndikuwongolera yemwe akumuwombayo. Dzuwa litafika, amapeza mitengo ndikukhalamo usiku - umu ndi momwe amakhala otetezeka m'manja mwa adani ambiri.
Ngati pagulu lankhondo likapunthwa kwa mdani, ndiye kuti limamangidwa mwachangu - amuna amphamvu kwambiri amabwera, ndipo akazi ndi ana amatetezedwa. Ngati mkhalidwewo ukhala woipa kwambiri, ndipo anyaniwo amugwidwa ndi chilombo cholimba kapena gulu lonse, pomwe anyani amatsutsa, zazikazi ndi ana amuna amawabalalitsa mbali zonse.
Chifukwa chake asokoneza omwe akuwombawo, ndipo sakudziwa kuti awathamangire. Tizilombo tambiri tosiyidwa timasiyidwa, koma nthawi zonse pamene munthu wina wapulumutsidwa, ankhandwe amachita izi, ngakhale zitakhala kuti panali mikangano pakati pawo kale. Ndizosangalatsa kuti akazi amakangana nthawi zambiri.
Chosangalatsa: Ma Babo samadziwa kusambira, koma osawopa kulowa m'madzi. Chifukwa chake, madzi am'madzi akakumana ndi njirayo amatha, amatero, koma nthawi zina amayenera kudutsa.
Kapangidwe ka anthu ndi kubereka
Chithunzi: Baboon Cub
Mipira ikulusa nyani, ndipo maubwenzi awo amakula kwambiri. Mu gulu limodzi, akhoza kukhala anthu 40-120. Amakhala limodzi nthawi yonse: amasuntha ndi gulu lonse la nkhosa, kupumula, ndipo ngakhale kugona kumapezeka pamitengo yoyandikana.
Nyani iliyonse yamgulu lankhosa imakhala m'malo ena, ndipo mtsogoleri ali pamwamba. Ndiye amene amasankha kuti gululo lidayenda pati lero, nthawi ndi kumene angaimitse, kaya azisaka, ndi zina zotero. Amathandizidwa ndi gulu la anyamata amphamvu kwambiri - ndi omwe amateteza gulu lonse. Akazi okhwima amakhalabe mu paketi ndikukhalitsa ubale ndi amayi awo. Koma anyamatawa amasiya gululo ndikungoyendayenda kwakanthawi kokhako, mpaka atalowa ndi linzake. Wobwera kumene adzafunika kulowa gulu latsopanoli, chifukwa poyamba ndi mlendo m'mo. Kuti achite izi, amadziwana ndi mmodzi mwa akazi omwe sakulira mwana.
Amamutsatira kulikonse ndipo amayesetsa kuti am'kondweretse. Ngati wamkazi ali ndi malingaliro abwino, amalolera kuti adulidwe, ndipo pakapita nthawi, ubale wolimba ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa ndi iye. Pambuyo pa izi, yamphongo imadziwana ndi nyani pafupi naye kwambiri ndikujowina gulu. Amuna ndi akazi otere nthawi zambiri samangodutsa nthawi yayitali - nthawi zina nkhaniyo imangokhala paubwenzi. Nthawi zina maanja amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali, koma amatha kusintha: nthawi zina, mkazi amasintha mawonekedwe ake ndikuyamba kulumikizana ndi abambo ena.
Kapenanso udindo wamphongo ungasinthe - adzakhala pakati pa olimba kwambiri, pafupi ndi mtsogoleri wa anyaniwo, kenako azilumikizana ndi mkazi wina, wokhala ndi udindo wapamwamba. Ndi ulemu kwenikweni, anyani ali a mtsogoleri wa paketi - ngati akufuna kupuma, othandizira angapo amathamangira kwa iye nthawi yomweyo ndikuyamba kukanda ubweya wawo. Akazi akuluakulu amalandiranso ulemu, komanso ana awo. Otsala a gululi ayenera kusinthana malaya anawo. Ndipo kuyeretsa kwake pafupipafupi ndikofunika - kumanunkhira nthawi zambiri kuti kudwala matenda. Kuphatikiza apo, kukwirira ubweya kumangosangalatsa anyani.
Udindo wa atsogoleri ndi omwe amayanjana nawo kwambiri ayenera kutsimikiziridwa pafupipafupi kuti mamembala ena a gulu asayiwale za iye. Mwa izi, manja ogonjera amagwiritsidwa ntchito - mchira wokwezedwa, zodzikongoletsera ndi zina. Mtsogoleri akayamba kufooka, zisankho zake zitha kukayikiridwa kwambiri, mpaka m'modzi mwa omwe adzafunsidwewo alimbikire kuti amutsutse. Mtsogoleri ndi abambo ena otchuka nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi akazi: ngakhale atakhala magulu awiri amphongo ndi amuna anzawo, amakwatirana ndi abambo otsogola, kapena ngakhale ndi iwo okha. Kwenikweni, zazikazi zimakhala ndi pakati kapena kusamalira ana.
Kufunitsitsa kwa chikazi poberekera kumasonyezedwa ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha, yomwe imayamba ndi nthawi. Mimba imakhalanso yosavuta kuzindikira: ikafika, kumbuyo kwa akazi, nthawi zambiri imakhala yakuda, imasandulika kufiyira. Mwana wodziwika yekha amene amabwera padziko lapansi ndi ubweya wakuda, ndipo mpaka atasinthidwa ndi ubweya wachikaso wamba, amakhala omvetsera kwambiri kwa iye. Ana amalola ufulu wowonjezereka, amasewera momasuka ndipo samagwira ntchito. Poyamba, amayi awo amawavala onse.
Adani achilengedwe a anyani
Chithunzi: Baboon mwachilengedwe
Ngati agalu osungulumwa akuopsezedwa ndi olusa ambiri, ndiye kuti amene asonkhanitsidwa pagululo sangakhale ochepa.
Ngakhale ndi zazing'ono kwambiri, anyani nthawi zambiri amalimbana nawo, ndipo zisanachitike, anyani amphamvu kwambiri amadzuka kuti ateteze gulu lawo lonse ndikuwonetsa ma fang awo kwa adani, kuyesera kuwaletsa kuti asawukire. Kuti adziteteze kwa adani, anyani amaphatikizana ndi maululates - nthawi zambiri anyani. Zimayendera limodzi, ndipo kuwona bwino anyani komanso kununkhira kwa nyere zimateteza zonse ziwiri - mwayi woti wina adzazindikire mdani patsogolo wake ukuwonjezeka kwambiri.
Mimbulu nthawi zambiri imasaka anyani - ngakhale imathamanga, ilibe mphamvu ngati nyalugwe kapena mikango, ndipo anyani nthawi zambiri amawayendetsa kutali ndi antelopes. Iwo, akudziwa pasadakhale kuti cheetah ikuwukira, chifukwa imanunkhira kuchokera kutali, osathawa. Ichi ndiye chitsanzo chodabwitsachi chathandizirana ku nyama yanyama.
Nthawi zambiri nyalugwe zimasaka anyaniwo - izi ndizovuta kwambiri kwa adani awo. Ofufuzawo anena mobwerezabwereza kuti pakuwonjezeka kwa anyalugwe m'derali, kuchuluka kwa anyani omwe akukhalamo kunayamba kuchepa. Ndipo mosinthana - ngati nyalugwe itakhala yaying'ono, kuchuluka kwa anyaniwo kunayamba kuchuluka mwachangu, popeza olusa ena ankawavutitsa nthawi zambiri.
Koma anyaniwa amatha kutsutsana ndi nyalugwe, zimachitika kuti amawatenga kuthawa, kapenanso kupha. Koma nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika ndi mbawala zazing'ono, osakula msanga komanso osadziwa zambiri. Mababo amadana ndi nyalugwe ndi mtima wawo wonse, ndipo akapezeka kuti wavulala kapena mwana, amupha nthawi yomweyo.
Zimakhala zovuta kuti azimenya nkhondo ndi mikango: ngati, akakumana ndi nyalugwe, gululi litha kulumikizidwa kuti liziteteza, likakumana ndi mikango, nthawi zonse limathamanga. Kupatula apo, mikango imadzikuza ndi kunyada, ndipo apa sizingathandize kudziteteza. Chifukwa anyaniwa akufuna kuthawa nyama zoopsa zomwe zimapezeka m'mitengo.
Chiwerengero cha anthu ndi mitundu
Chithunzi: Red Baboon
Mipira ndi ponseponse, ndipo nthawi zambiri imapezeka. Ziwerengero zawo zimakhazikika, ndipo asayansi akukhulupirira kuti palibe chowawopseza mpaka pano. Pakapita nthawi, zitha kuwoneka, chifukwa chitukuko chikupitilira kugunda kutchire, motero malo ochepa anyani.
Koma pakadali pano funso ili siliwovuta kwenikweni kwa iwo, ndipo mkhalidwe wa anyaniwo ndi wabwinoko kuposa wa anyani ena ambiri. Chifukwa chake, satetezedwa, makamaka chifukwa sayimira mtengo wamalonda, ndipo samaphedwa ndi anthu awo. Nthawi ndi nthawi amawononga minda, komabe osangochita zowonongeka zambiri kotero kuti adawonongeka kwakukulu chifukwa cha izi.
Anyaniwa samakumana ndi mavuto ndi kuswana muukapolo, chifukwa, anthu ali ndi ambiri aiwo. M'malo osungira nyama, ali m'gulu la nyama zokondedwa kwambiri ndi alendo chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo ochezeka. Ali mu ukapolo, nthawi zambiri amakhala zaka pafupifupi 10 kupatula kuthengo - zaka 40-50.
Chosangalatsa: Monga abambo, akazi a anyani ali ndi "makwerero" awo. Omwe ali kumtunda amatha kukwatirana ndi abwenzi abwino ndikupeza chakudya choyamba. Akuluakulu mmalo mwake nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi ufulu wobadwa - mawonekedwe achikazi kuyambira ali mwana amawonetsa kwa ana ena kuti mwana wake ali pamwamba pawo, ndipo ayenera kumumvera.
Amayi atamwalira, ulemu wa ana awo aakazi ungathe kuchepa. Koma pali njira inanso: zazikazi zimatha kupeza malo omenya nkhondo ndi oyimbirana nawo. Amuna muzochitika ngati izi samalowerera ngakhale m'modzi mwa akazi awo ndi mlongo wawo kapena mwana wawo wamkazi.
Baboon - nyani woseketsa komanso wopanda vuto kwa anthu. Ndi kukula kocheperako, adatha kupanga gulu lazovuta ndikupitilizabe mpaka pano. Mwinanso zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, anyani atha kudzipangira chitukuko. Chifukwa chake, ali okondweretsa kwambiri kwa asayansi - maubwenzi awo azomwe amafufuzidwa poyamba.
Baboon nyani. Kufotokozera, mawonekedwe, moyo ndi malo a nyani
Mwachilengedwe, pali nyama zambiri zosangalatsa. Pakati pawo: nyani, agira, mvuu, agalu, kuyang'anira abuluzi, mitundu yapadera ya tizilombo. Limodzi mwa banja la nyani nyani wamkulu.
Amatchedwanso nyama zaluntha chifukwa chofunitsitsa kukhala pagulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito luso lawo, maepulogalamuwa ndi apamwamba kuposa ma chimpanzee onse okondedwa ndi otchuka. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya anyani ku Africa, anyani amasangalala kwambiri kulankhulana ndi anthu.
Kufotokozera ndi Makhalidwe
Mitundu ya anyani imachokera ku anyani. Ichi ndi mtundu wina wa nyani womwe wafala ku Africa. Zawo zomwe zimasiyanitsa ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba ndi mawonekedwe a chigaza. Asayansi amadzitcha kuti gulu lakale la agalu. Baboon mu chithunzi Ili ndi chovala chachikasu chokhala ndi zofiirira.
Chifukwa cha utoto uwu, ankadziwikanso kuti anyani achikasu. Uwu ndiye utoto wambiri kwambiri wa mbewa. Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama ndi masentimita 75. Mosiyana, mchirawo ndi masentimita 60. Kulemera kwa munthu wamkulu ndi 8-10 kg. Mtundu wamtunduwu ndi wokalamba kwambiri, wopendekera komanso wopusa, ngakhale umawoneka wosasangalatsa.
Baboon - nyama yokondweretsa kwambiri. Samakhala wopanda moyo. Nthawi zonse pamakhala anthu pafupifupi 50-80 phukusi. Gululi nthawi zambiri limalamulidwa ndi amuna ndi akazi angapo olimba. Chifukwa chake nthawi zina amuna amasankha kusiya paketi yawo ndikupeza ina.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera choyamba kukhulupirika ndi gulu lanu, kuteteza achikulire ndi ana aang'ono. Ukapitawo utazindikira pakati pa mamembala ake, ali ndi ufulu kupeza banja latsopano. Kwenikweni, paketiyi imakhala ndi amuna asanu ndi atatu ndi akazi angapo, ndipo ena onse ndi ana a mibadwo yosiyana.
Mwana wamwamuna watsopano yemwe wabwera m'gulu lachilendo ayenera kumazindikira kachitidwe kaubwenzi ndi maubale omwe apezeka pamenepo. Kuti achite izi, amayamba kulumikizana ndi imodzi yachikazi, yomwe nthawi imeneyi ilibe mwana. Amamuthamangira nthawi zonse, amateteza, amagona pafupi, ndikung'ung'uza.
Ngati wamkazi ayamba kumuyang'ana, amapanga nkhope ndikuyamba kusuntha modabwitsa. Izi ndi njira zina zokumbukirira kuvina kwaukwati. Mkazi akaganiza zolumikizana ndi wamwamuna watsopano, amalola kuti ayeretse chovala chake.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti tsopano ndi banja. Mwanjira ina, amakhala iye "mfungulo" kapena "kupititsa" ku gulu latsopanoli, popeza tsopano mwamunayo ayamba kudziwana ndi abale ake ndi abwenzi, pang'onopang'ono kukhala gawo la banja latsopanolo.
Nyani amayenda ndi miyendo inayi ndikugwira mchira wawo pamlingo wa madigiri 45-90 kupita ku thupi. Akasunthira mu paketi, mchira wawo umakwezedwa pamwamba kwambiri.Chifukwa chake amachenjeza magulu ena anyamatawo za njira yawo.
Anthu amalumikizidwa mosavuta, komanso kuba ndi kupemphetsa mwa mwayi uliwonse. Ngati chiweto chikuwona kuti kulumikizana ndi munthu kukhala koopsa, amangoganiza kuthawa, osachita nawo ndewu. Komanso nyani ndiosavuta kusintha.
Pokhala kwawo, sadzaganiziranso zothawa, adzakhala mnzake wapamtima ndi chiweto chachikulu. Aigupto akale adawona kuti chinali chinthu chabwino kwambiri kukhala ndi mwayi wabwino kunyumba kwawo. Ndipo Hamadril mwana wa bulu amadziwika kuti ndi mulungu ndipo adalemekezedwa ndi Aiguputo pansi pa dzina lodziwika kuti Babi.
Izi ndi nyama zolimba kwambiri ndipo siwotsatsa aliyense amene angathe kupirira nazo. Mababo amatha kukaniza mkango, nyalugwe, nyalugwe, ankhandwe ndi ziphuphu. Malingaliro awo ndi kupanga mzere umodzi, kutseka ana, ndikuwonetsa ma fang awo, kuyambitsa mkangano.
Mitundu ya Mabobo
Asayansi amasiyanitsa mitundu isanu yayikulu ya anyani:
- Olive Guinean Baboon. Mtunduwu umangokhala ku New Guinea. Imakhala ndi ubweya wosazolowereka kwa abale ake, omwe ndi maolivi osalala kapena amdima. Imasiyanasiyana kulemera kwa nyani wamkulu ndi kilogalamu 2-3.
- Hamadril. Amasiyana maonekedwe okha ndi mphuno yofiyira.
- Baboon "chacma". Zovuta pakukula. Kukula kwa thupi ndi 15 cm, ndiye kuti, ndi cm 60 zokha, ndipo mchirawo ndi 50 cm. Mwa kulemera, ndi 3-4 kg zochepa.
- Bulu wachikasu. Izi ndizofala ku mitundu yonse yodziwika ya nyani, ndiofala kwambiri. Mtundu wa malaya ndi wachikaso ndi zofiirira. Kulemera 7-10 kg, thupi kutalika 75 cm, mchira - 60 cm.
- Bulu wofiyira. Imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wofiyira wa thupi lake "pansi mchira".
M'masiku a Soviet, panali mawu ngati awa: “Akonza chikominisi. Ah, osayesa nyama kaye. ” Kenako aliyense anaseka. Koma pachabe. Zinyama zimayesadi. Anatenga makoswewo ndikukonzekera kuti "agulitse maloto awo", mwa lingaliro la makoswe: "Chilichonse chomwe mungafune - nthawi iliyonse komanso kuchuluka kulikonse." Zotsatira zake, aliyense anamwalira!
Kupitilira poganiza kuti anthu sakusiyana ndi makoswe mikhalidwe yawo, lingaliro losangalatsa la chisangalalo linatsimikiziridwa kukhala losatsimikizika: "Kwa aliyense, zonse zomwe akufuna, ndipo palibe amene ayenera kusiya." Lingaliro lachiwirili loti chisangalalo chotere ndichomwecho chikominisi.
Koma kuwonetsedwa kwa "chikominisi", asayansi sanapite patali, komabe, pali ma humanism, demokalase ndi malingaliro apadziko lonse lapansi.
Koma tidzayesa, kumene, kuzindikira kuzindikira kosakwanira kwa munthu ndi nyama.
Ndipo tiyeni tiyambire powunika momwe zinthu ziliri. Njira yosavuta yochitira izi ndi zitsanzo za nyani. Kungoti chifukwa moyo wake umatha kuwonedwa bwino kwambiri. Tengani zolemba pa zoopsychology ndikupita ku nyani, koma osati kumalo osungira nyama, koma kumalo osungira, komwe kuli, titero kuthengo. Kodi "nyani" (nyani, macaque) “akufuna” chiyani?
- Chikhumbo - chofunikira bwino kuti ukhale ndi moyo - kuti mbawala zisadye (komanso wozungulira, wobwereza ndi onse omwe angathe).
-Ngati simunadye, zingakhale bwino kudya nthochi nokha, kumwa madzi, kugona mumthunzi pakatentha, kapena padzuwa pomwe kunja kwatentha. Zilakolakozi ndizofunikanso kwa moyo, koma nthawi zina mutha kulekerera, ndipo osanama pakuzizira komanso, makamaka.
-Pamene ndidadya ndekha, ndipo ena sadadye, ndikufuna mkazi. Ili ndi vuto kale. Amuna amakhala ndi ana akazi, kotero, palibe akazi okwanira, ndipo pano tifunika "kutsimikizira" wamwamuna wina kuti apereke gawo la akazi. Izi sizimagwira nthawi zonse, zomwe, mwachidziwikire, ndizachisoni.
- Koma chikhumbo chofunikira kwambiri (pomwe china chilichonse chilipo kale) chikhale nyani wamkulu. M nthochi ndi zachikazi ndiye - choyambirira, amawopa chilichonse ndipo aliyense amasangalala (mwachitsanzo: amafunafuna ndikuluma utitiri). Zonena zabwino, koma zovuta, otsalawo, nthawi zina, amafunanso kukhala otchuka. Koma mpakana pomwe adayamba, aliyense mumgululi amagawidwa mosamalitsa malinga ndi mtunduwo - "kuchokera ku alpha mpaka omega."
Zikuwoneka kuti ndizotheka kukhala moyo wabwino kwambiri osakwaniritsidwa chikhumbochi, ndipo sichinthu chofunikira kwambiri, zomwe amatchedwa ndizosowa ndizofunikira kwambiri, koma ayi, ndi munthu wotere.
Ngati mutabzala mtsogoleri (alpha) ndi womaliza mu paketi (omega) m'maselo osiyanasiyana kutsogolo, kenako ndikuwadyetsa kuti mtsogoleriyo alandire chakudya, ngakhale m'malo ena, koma wachiwiri, ndiye kuti ali ndi vuto la mtima posachedwa ku chisalungamo chotere. Ndipo mukampatsa mzimayi pachakudya chake (chocheperako), chochitikachi chidzakhala chosasangalatsa.
Uwu ndi moyo wa uzimu wa anyani, zonse zili ngati kwa anthu. Kapenanso, wina akhoza kunena kuti, anthu, osati zonse, ndiye zochuluka, monga anyani.
Mwa njira, akatswiri a zamaganizo, omwe amawerengera zolinga za machitidwe aumunthu, apeza kuti iye (munthuyo) sakhala patali ndi nyani. Mu malo oyamba - cholinga cha chitetezo chamunthu payekha (idyani nthochi ndikuthawa wothandizana ndi boa). Kenako - zovuta pamaganizidwe osamalira amtunduwu (zazikazi, ana amphongo, zokonda za paketi) Chabwino, ndipo chomaliza - cholinga chakugonjetsa (kufuna kukhala wamwamuna wa alpha).
Ngakhale, ziyenera kudziwika kuti cholinga ichi chiri pamalo oyamba kwa anthu ambiri, ndipo - pamtengo uliwonse. Monga zonena zikupita: "Ponte ndi yokwera mtengo kuposa ndalama."
Popeza pali mwayi wochepa wotsogolera, koma ambiri amafuna, amabwera ndi zifukwa zingapo zodzilimbikitsira. Wanzeru kwambiri kapena wachangu kwambiri, wolungama kwambiri, kapena wochimwa, ndipo osachepera amatha kusuntha kapena kudya ma hamburger makumi atatu ndi asanu ndi atatu ndi makutu ake. Chachikulu ndichakuti kwambiri.
Komabe, kubwerera ku anyani athu.
Chithunzicho sichingakhale chopanda tanthauzo lililonse. Pali mitundu yosiyana mu paketi ndi cholinga monga chidwi. Nyama zonse zimakhala ndi chidwi pamlingo wina kapena wina, koma pali ena mwa iwo omwe ali odziwika mwanjira iyi. Nthawi zonse amafunafuna china chake, kulikonse komwe angakwere, chilichonse chimakhala chosangalatsa kwa iwo. Nthawi zambiri, kusaka koteroko kumatha ndikusintha kwa sciatica yawo, koma ndikotheka kupeza china chothandiza, gulu lonse limapezerapo mwayi. Monga mukuwonera, anyaniwa amakhalanso ndi "asayansi".
Mwambiri, titha kunena kuti malingaliro a nyani ndikufuna ku. Ndipo tanthauzo la moyo ndikuzindikira malingaliro awa, ndipo zikadzapezeka - ichi ndiye chisangalalo.
Ndipo, ngati mwadzidzidzi atakhala osamala ndikukakumana pamsonkhano wokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa ufulu wa anyani ndi kukhazikika kwa mfundo wamba za Baboon, sizovuta kuti tilingalire kuti adzavotera chiyani mwa mavoti ambiri:
- Poyamba, ufulu wokhala ndi moyo, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndikofunikira kuwononga anyani onse, boas ndi ma hyenas.
- Chachiwiri, kumanja kwa nthochi. Komabe, sizinali zokwanira kale, ndipo tsopano, posakhalapo ndi nthomba, chiwerengero cha okonda chakudya chidzachuluka. Afunika kusankha komiti yogawa moyenera, ndipo anyani asayansi (tsopano ali ndi nzeru) alangizidwa kuti apange nkhalango ya nthochi m'malo mwa nkhalango.
- Chachitatu, nyani aliyense ali kumanja kwa mkazi, i.e., kupitiriza mtundu. Tsopano aliyense - ndi ana amasiye ndi osautsika - azitha kubereka ana a omwe omwewo, odwala komanso otupa. Koma, popeza (onani mfundo 1) ana onse ali ndi ufulu wokhala ndi moyo, asiyeni asayansi (kuchokera pa mfundo yachiwiri) kupatula nthochi asamalire mankhwala kuti izi zitheke ndikukula (molingana ndi mfundo 3) kutulutsa ma freak omwewo .
- Chachinayi, akuti mtsogoleri azisankhidwa ndi wovota pazonse, mofananirana komanso mwachinsinsi. Ndi udindo kuti tiwonetsetse kukwaniritsidwa kwa ufulu wa anyani onse, titero, kuti mukhale otsimikizira. Mtsogoleri wakale - wamphamvu kwambiri komanso wanzeru kwambiri, sanasankhidwe, chifukwa ndi wankhanza komanso wankhanza.
Woyang'ana kunja ndi anyani ena ophunzitsidwa bwino amatha kuganiza kuti awa anali mathero, koma palibe chomwe chidakwaniritsidwa.
Mwamwayi, pamwamba pa phirilo gulu lina la anyani anzeru ananenanso zomwezo, koma linali ndi mawu akuti ufulu wonsewu umagwira ntchito kwa anyani achilendo.
Poona kukwiya kosagonjetseka kwa oyandikana nawo pamagulu onse awiri, atsogoleri akale, kumene, adayamba kulamulira (zimaganiziridwa kuti kwakanthawi). Zomwe zidatsalira zidasinthanso, ndipo ngakhale dziko lidakhalabe lopanda ungwiro, zinali zotheka kukhala ndi moyo.
Ophunzira ena a Baboon, poyamba, amawopa kuti atha kuyitanitsa msonkhano wapadera wa mapaketi onse, koma, powona zomwe atsogoleriwo adachita, adachepetsa.
Ndipo nthano za utopian zidayamba kuwonekera pomwe mauwa okhulupilira amafotokozera zam'tsogolo, pomwe mfundo zonse zakuphatikiza kwamphamvu zidakhazikitsidwa mu kope loyamba komanso mokwanira.
Pakadali pano anyani, (monga anthu), sanasangalale kwambiri ndi dziko lomwe akukhalamo, komanso ndi anyani ena - onse oyandikana ndi omwe ali kumbuyo kwa phirilo. Ndipo akukhalabe ndi loto la tsogolo labwino pamene njala idzathe, aliyense adzakhala ndi ana, aliyense adzakhala wathanzi, ndipo palibe amene amwalira, aliyense adzakhala ndi zonse zomwe akufuna, ndipo pamapeto pake padzakhala atsogoleri ndi asayansi otere. amene angakonze zonse.
Tsopano tiyeni tiyerekeze kuti anyaniwo sanalandire chifukwa chokha, komanso chizolowezi choganiza za filosofi (akatswiri amafufuza amakonda kupeza tanthauzo, makamaka kwa ena), mwina ayamba ndi malingaliro andale omveka bwino monga:
Baboon ndiko kutha, osati njira
Baboon ndiye muyeso wa zinthu zonse.
Ndipo mawu ake kwa atsogoleri onse ndi atsogoleri a zipani zandale: chilichonse cha buluzi, chilichonse m'malo mwake, chilichonse kuti chisangalalo.
Sindinabise, ndinabwereka mfundo izi kuchokera munkhani yomwe imapezeka mu dikishonare yotchedwa "humanism", ngakhale zinali zoona kuti sizinali za nyani, koma za munthu.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mutayang'ana dziko lathu lapansi kuchokera kuzowona zipembedzo zodzipereka, ndiye kuti zonse zili chimodzimodzi.
- munthu moyo ndi njira,
- kuwunika kwa anthu ndi zomwe angathe kuchita, ndipo, monga lamulo, sizigwirizana ndi zomwe mzimu "umaganiza" pankhaniyi.
- ndipo, zoona, osati munthu yekha, koma dziko lapansi lazinthu zonse zidapangidwa pazolinga zomwe sizikhala pafupi ndi munthu nthawi zonse.
Nthawi yomweyo, olamulira a tchalitchi omwe amafotokozera humanism ngati chiphunzitso chogwiritsa ntchito samalingalira kuti mzimu ndianthu, sikukugwirizana zokha, komanso sizowona. Mawu akuti "anti" amatanthauza "kutsutsa." Ndipo Mlengi wachilengedwe chonse samasiyana konse ndi munthu; Mwamuna amasamalira ziweto pafupifupi momwemo - amaweta, kuwadyetsa, kuwateteza, koma osatinso m'dzina lawo. Amayenda pamahatchi, amaweta ubweya, amadya nkhumba.
Izi ndi zomwe: zipembedzo ndi ma humanism zilibe chilichonse, ndipo sichokha, tiwone chomwe chili chofunikira mu sayansi iliyonse. Kumbukirani Aristotle: “Plato, ndiwe bwenzi langa, koma chowonadi ndichokonda, ”ndiye kuti, chowonadi chimaposa zonse. Zomwezi zikugwiranso ntchito bizinesi, kumene koposa phindu lonse.
Koma pali maphunziro aumunthu, mwachitsanzo, sayansi yomweyo, yokhayo yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, momwe ntchitozo ndianthu kwathunthu - kuti apeze katemera wowonjezera zachuma kapena mtundu wina wa katemera. Ndipo matsenga omwewo (omwe amatha kupangira ndalama, kuchiritsa kapena kuwumitsa munthu) amachita chilichonse pofuna kuchitira zabwino munthu, mwina, izi zimawonedwa ndi ogula komanso omwe amapanga zabwino zonsezi.
Komabe, zochitika zantchito za anthu zimawoneka zokongola. Kufunafuna chowonadi kumakwaniritsa chidwi cha anthu. Kutsata phindu kumapangitsa ntchito, katundu ndi ntchito. Inde, ndipo zipembedzo zopembedza milungu iwiri, yomwe imakhala mu zipembedzo zofananira, sizichita nawo zamuyaya, ndipo musachite manyazi ndi zosowa za tsiku ndi tsiku za anthu. Palibe zonena za Amitundu, amapanga mgwirizano ndi milungu yawo.
Komabe, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti pakusaka chowonadi, wokhulupirira amapeza mwayi wosintha zomwe akufuna, zonse zapadziko lapansi komanso zakunja, mwanjira yomwe imapangitsa kuti agwirizane ndi mfundo zawo, komabe, pankhaniyi, munthu, kapena nyani, amatha.
Ndikudziwa zotsutsa, humanism ndiyabwino komanso yapamwamba, ndipo osati nthochi zotetezeka nthawi zonse.
Ndinganene chiyani? Izi ndi zomwe zawunikidwa pamwambapa kuti ziziwayunikira, ndipo ngati wina akufuna kutiuza tanthauzo lina, ndiye kuti alowe mu mtanthauzira wamaphunziro kapena Wikipedia makamaka ndi malingaliro ake. Ponena za nthochi - nkhaniyi, momwemo, mulibe. Zosowa za anthu ndizabwino. Pazomwe mukuganiza, zilibe kanthu kuti munthu akufuna chiyani: kulemba ana osuta kapena kusuta chamba, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti cholinga cha munthu aliyense pagulu.
Apa nkuti, mphindi yakuwona. Zachidziwikire, omasulira payekhapayekha amatha kugwirizanitsa kuti athe kuzindikira zomwe akufuna, mwina angavomereze kuti ali ndi boma, koma pokhapokha kuti amawasamalira ndipo m'njira iliyonse amasangalatsa.
Ndipo mawonedwe adziko lapansi amadziwika ndi ambiri ngati achilengedwe komanso owona. Mitundu yonse ya utopias yamtunduwo idapangidwa - mumzinda wa Dzuwa aliyense adzakhala ndi chisangalalo, ndipo osauka kwambiri adzakhala eni akapolo atatu. Pambuyo pake, adalota zokhala ndi chidwi chachikulu m'munda wamtchire womwe umalimidwa ndi ma serf, ndipo, zowona, pulofesa amayenera kukhala ndi zipinda zisanu ndi ziwiri ndi maid, ndipo woyang'anira - wina mu chipinda chapansi. Zowonadi, boma liyenera kukonzekera zonsezi ndipo mtsogolomo onetsetsani kuti ana a akapolo, aserafi ndi oyang'anira ndege amadziwa malo awo. Zodabwitsa monga zikumveka: moyo wosangalatsa wonse uyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi demokalase, ndiye kuti, demokalase. Mwachiwonekere, zimayenera: akapolo, aserafi ndi oyendetsa ndege si anthu, kapena ndiwofiyira wopanda nzeru kotero kuti amavotera mokondwerera gulu lotere.